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Gao P, Guo CQ, Chen MY, Zhuang HP. Nursing model of midwifery and postural and psychological interventions: Impact on maternal and fetal outcomes and negative emotions of primiparas. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:543-550. [PMID: 37701545 PMCID: PMC10494776 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primiparas are usually at high risk of experiencing perinatal depression, which may cause prolonged labor, increased blood loss, and intensified pain, affecting maternal and fetal outcomes. Therefore, interventions are necessary to improve maternal and fetal outcomes and alleviate primiparas' negative emotions (NEs). AIM To discusses the impact of nursing responsibility in midwifery and postural and psychological interventions on maternal and fetal outcomes as well as primiparas' NEs. METHODS As participants, 115 primiparas admitted to Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital between May 2020 and May 2022 were selected. Among them, 56 primiparas (control group, Con) were subjected to conventional midwifery and routine nursing. The remaining 59 (research group, Res) were subjected to the nursing model of midwifery and postural and psychological interventions. Both groups were comparatively analyzed from the perspectives of delivery mode (cesarean, natural, or forceps-assisted), maternal and fetal outcomes (uterine inertia, postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, neonatal pulmonary injury, and neonatal asphyxia), NEs (Hamilton Anxiety/Depression-rating Scale, HAMA/HAMD), labor duration, and nursing satisfaction. RESULTS The Res exhibited a markedly higher natural delivery rate and nursing satisfaction than the Con. Additionally, the Res indicated a lower incidence of adverse events (e.g., uterine inertia, postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, neonatal lung injury, and neonatal asphyxia) and shortened duration of various stages of labor. It also showed statistically lower post-interventional HAMA and HAMD scores than the Con and pre-interventional values. CONCLUSION The nursing model of midwifery and postural and psychological interventions increase the natural delivery rate and reduce the duration of each labor stage. These are also conducive to improving maternal and fetal outcomes and mitigating primiparas' NEs and thus deserve popularity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Quanzhou 362017, Fujian Province, China
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Cai-Qiong Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Quanzhou 362017, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ma-Yu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Quanzhou 362017, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hui-Ping Zhuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 910th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Quanzhou 362008, Fujian Province, China
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Zhang LQ, Gao HN. Effects of sports on school adaptability, resilience and cell phone addiction tendency of high school students. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:563-572. [PMID: 37701539 PMCID: PMC10494778 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sport help promote healthy physical and mental development of high school students. To date, there have been few studies on the effect of sport on school adaptability, resilience and cell phone addiction tendency of high school students. AIM To explore the effects of sports on school adaptability, resilience and cell phone addiction of high school students. METHODS A stratified random sampling method was used to select 600 students from two high schools in Lhasa, and Physical Activity Rating Scale, School Adjustment Scale for High School Students, Chinese Adolescents Resilience Scale, and Mobile Phone Addiction Index were used for field questionnaire survey. RESULTS Sport was positively correlated with school adaptability and resilience (P < 0.01), school adaptability was positively correlated with resilience (P < 0.01) and cell phone addiction was negatively correlated with sports, school adaptability and resilience (P < 0.01). The direct effect of sport on cell phone addiction was significant (P < 0.001), accounting for 20.51% of the total effect. The mediating effect of school adaptability on sport and cell phone addiction was significant (P < 0.001), accounting for 17.38% and 35.36% of the total effect value, respectively. School adjustment and resilience had a significant chain-mediated effect on sport and cell phone addiction (P < 0.001), accounting for 26.75% of the total effect. CONCLUSION Sport affected the cell phone addiction tendency of senior high school students through the mediating effect of school adaptability and resilience, and through the chain mediation effect of both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qiang Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Na Gao
- The PE Department, Shaanxi Institute of International Trade & Commerce, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
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Chen XL, Deng XT, Sun FG, Huang QJ. Effect of cognitive behavioral group therapy on rehabilitation of community patients with schizophrenia: A short-term randomized control trial. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:583-592. [PMID: 37701538 PMCID: PMC10494774 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT) for cognitive dys-function and negative symptoms of schizophrenia is established, but more evidence is required. AIM To assess the effectiveness of CBGT combined with mental health education as a treatment for schizophrenia compared with mental health education alone. METHODS In all, 120 schizophrenia out-patients were randomized into CBGT combined with mental health education or single mental health education. The primary outcomes were positive and negative symptoms, cognitive function, excitatory factor, anxiety and depression symptom improvements on the positive and negative syndrome scale score. Secondary outcome measures included social function and drug compliance. RESULTS There were significant differences between CBGT combined with mental health education and single mental health education on measures of positive and negative symptoms, cognitive functions, excitatory factor, anxiety and depression symptoms, and social functions. No other significant difference in outcomes was observed. CONCLUSION CBGT combined with mental health education may be relevant beneficial treatment method in reducing symptoms, cognitive and social functions of patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Chen
- Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
- Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Center (Mental Health Center) of Longhua District, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Deng
- Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Center (Mental Health Center) of Longhua District, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fu-Gang Sun
- Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Center (Mental Health Center) of Longhua District, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Jun Huang
- Mental Health Center, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
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104
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Dawood S, Mir G, West RM. Randomized control trial of a culturally adapted behavioral activation therapy for Muslim patients with depression in Pakistan. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:551-562. [PMID: 37701541 PMCID: PMC10494773 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral activation therapy (BA) is as effective as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in treating depression and can be delivered by practitioners with much less psychological training, making it particularly suitable for low resource settings. BA that is culturally adapted for Muslims (BA-M) is a culturally adapted form of BA that has been found acceptable and feasible for Muslims with depression in the United Kingdom and Turkey; however, this is the first time that its efficacy has been determined through a definitive randomized controlled trial. AIM To compare the effectiveness of BA-M with CBT for Muslim patients with depression in Pakistan. METHODS One hundred and eight patients were randomized 1:1 to treatment arms in a parallel-group randomized controlled trial in hospital or community sites in Lahore, Pakistan. Recruitment followed self-referral or referrals from clinicians, consultants or relevant professionals at each site. Four measures were recorded by blinded assessors: The patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); the BA for depression scale short form (BADS-SF); symptom checklist-revised and the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Brief Scale. All measures were recorded at baseline and post treatment; PHQ-9 and BADS-SF were also recorded at each session and at three month follow up. The primary analysis was to regress the PHQ-9 score after therapy upon the PHQ-9 score before therapy (baseline) and the type of therapy given, that is, analysis of covariance. In addition, analysis using PHQ-9 scores collected at each therapy session was employed in a 2-level regression model. RESULTS Patients in the BA-M arm experienced greater improvement in PHQ-9 score of 1.95 units compared to the CBT arm after adjusting for baseline values (P = 0.006) The key reason behind this improvement was that patients were retained in therapy longer under BA-M, in which patients were retained for an average 0.75 sessions more than CBT patients (P = 0.013). Patients also showed significant differences on physical (P < 0.001), psychological (P = 0.004) and social (P = 0.047) domains of Quality of Life (QoL) at post treatment level, indicating an increased QoL in the BA-M group as compared to the treatment as usual group. Some baseline differences were noted in both groups for BA scores and two domains of QoL scale: Physical and environment, which might have influenced the results, though the BA-M group showed more improvement at completion of therapy. CONCLUSION Results proved the efficacy of BA-M in reducing symptoms for depressed patients in Pakistan, indicating BA-M is a promising treatment modality for depression in future, particularly in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Dawood
- Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore Punjab 54590, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Mir
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, West Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Robert M West
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, West Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
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Zou ZL, Zhang Y, Huang YL, Wang JY, Zhou B, Chen HF. Pilot study of genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression for treatment response to escitalopram in panic disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:524-532. [PMID: 37701547 PMCID: PMC10494772 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are currently considered the first-line treatment for panic disorder (PD). However, little is known about the relationship between the biomarkers that may predict better treatment. AIM To compare genome-wide methylation and gene expression patterns between responsive and non-responsive patients with PD after 4 wk of escitalopram treatment. METHODS Thirty patients with PD were enrolled in this study (responders = 13; non-responders = 17). All patients were assessed using the PD Severity Scale-Chinese version before and after treatment. The Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC (850k) BeadChip for genome-wide methylation screening and mRNA sequencing was used in all patients with PD. RESULTS A total of 701 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were found between responders and non-responders (|Δβ| ≥ 0.06, q < 0.05), and the hyper- and hypomethylated CpG sites were 511 (72.9%) and 190 (27.1%), respectively. Relative to non-responders, there were 59 differential transcripts, of which 20 were downregulated and 39 were upregulated (q < 0.05). However, no differentially expressed genes were identified by mRNA sequencing after correcting for multiple testing (|log2(FC)| > 1, q > 0.05). CONCLUSION This preliminary study showed that DMPs might be associated with the treatment response to escitalopram in PD; however, these DMPs need to be verified in large samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Li Zou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Lan Huang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hua-Fu Chen
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan Province, China
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Chakrabarti S, Jolly AJ, Singh P, Yadhav N. Role of adjunctive nonpharmacological strategies for treatment of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:495-510. [PMID: 37701540 PMCID: PMC10494771 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD) is a phase of bipolar disorder defined by the presence of ≥ 4 mood episodes in a year. It is a common phenomenon characterized by greater severity, a predominance of depression, higher levels of disability, and poorer overall outcomes. It is resistant to treatment by conventional pharmacotherapy. The existing literature underlines the scarcity of evi-dence and the gaps in knowledge about the optimal treatment strategies for RCBD. However, most reviews have considered only pharmacological treatment options for RCBD. Given the treatment-refractory nature of RCBD, nonpharmacological interventions could augment medications but have not been adequately examined. This review carried out an updated and comprehensive search for evidence regarding the role of nonpharmacological therapies as adjuncts to medications in RCBD. We identified 83 reviews and meta-analyses concerning the treatment of RCBD. Additionally, we found 42 reports on adjunctive nonpharmacological treatments in RCBD. Most of the evidence favoured concomitant electroconvulsive therapy as an acute and maintenance treatment. There was pre-liminary evidence to suggest that chronotherapeutic treatments can provide better outcomes when combined with medications. The research on adjunctive psychotherapy was particularly scarce but suggested that psychoeducation, cognitive behavioural therapy, family interventions, and supportive psychotherapy may be helpful. The overall quality of evidence was poor and suffered from several methodological shortcomings. There is a need for more methodologically sound research in this area, although clinicians can use the existing evidence to select and individualize nonpharmacological treatment options for better management of RCBD. Patient summaries are included to highlight some of the issues concerning the implementation of adjunctive nonpharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subho Chakrabarti
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, Chandigarh UT, India
| | - Amal J Jolly
- Department of Psychiatry, Black Country Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley DY2 8PS, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Pranshu Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nidhi Yadhav
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, Chandigarh UT, India
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Zhou X, Chen XH, Li SH, Li N, Liu F, Wang HM. Effects of surgical treatment modalities on postoperative cognitive function and delirium in elderly patients with extremely unstable hip fractures. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:533-542. [PMID: 37701542 PMCID: PMC10494770 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the perioperative risk of elderly patients with extremely unstable hip fractures (EUHFs) is relatively high and therapeutic effect is not satisfactory, new thera-peutic strategies need to be proposed urgently to improve the efficacy and clinical outcomes of such patients. AIM To determine the influence of two surgical treatment modalities on postoperative cognitive function (CF) and delirium in elderly patients with EUHFs. METHODS A total of 60 elderly patients consecutively diagnosed with EUHF between September 2020 and January 2022 in the Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital were included. Of them, 30 patients received conventional treatment (control group; general consultation + fracture type-guided internal fixation), and the other 30 received novel treatment (research group; perioperative multidisciplinary treatment diagnosis and treatment + individualized surgical plan + risk prediction). Information on hip function [Harris hip score (HHS)], perioperative risk of orthopedic surgery [Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM)], CF [Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA)], postoperative delirium [mini-cognitive (Mini-Cog)], adverse events (AEs; internal fixation failure, infection, nonunion, malunion, and postoperative delirium), and clinical indicators [operation time (OT), postoperative hospital length of stay (HLOS), ambulation time, and intraoperative blood loss (IBL)] were collected from both groups for comparative analyses. RESULTS The HHS scores were similar between both groups. The POSSUM score at 6 mo after surgery was significantly lower in the research group compared with the control group, and MoCA and Mini-Cog scores were statistically higher. In addition, the overall postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in the research than in the control group, including reduced OT, postoperative HLOS, ambulation time, and IBL. CONCLUSION The new treatment modality has more clinical advantages over the conventional treatment, such as less IBL, faster functional recovery, more effectively optimized perioperative quality control, improved postoperative CF, mitigated postoperative delirium, and reduced operation-related AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Hao-Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
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Qiao L, Li G, Yuan HX. Dexmedetomidine mediates the mechanism of action of ferroptosis in mice with Alzheimer's disease by regulating the mTOR-TFR1 pathway. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:511-523. [PMID: 37701546 PMCID: PMC10494775 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, and there are currently no effective drugs to delay progression of the disease. Ferroptosis may play a vital part in AD, and is therefore receiving increasing attention by researchers. AIM To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on ferroptosis in AD mouse hippocampus. METHODS Hippocampal neurons (HNs) HT22 were induced by amyloid β-protein (Aβ) and both in vitro and in vivo AD mouse models were prepared via injections. The cell-counting kit-8 assay and immunofluorescence technique were adopted to determine cell proliferation activity and intracellular Fe2+ levels, and the TBA method and microplate method were employed for malondialdehyde and glutathione measurements, respectively. Hippocampal tissue damage was determined using hematoxylin and eosin and Nissl staining. Mouse learning and memory ability in each group was assessed by the Morris water maze test, and the expression levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal molecules and ferroptosis-related proteins transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 were examined by western blotting. RESULTS Dex enhanced lipid peroxidation and iron influx in mouse HNs in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, while inhibition of the mTOR axis blocked this process. These findings demonstrate that Dex can inhibit ferroptosis-induced damage in mouse HNs by activating mTOR-TFR1 signaling to regulate ferroptosis-associated proteins, thus alleviating cognitive dysfunction in AD mice. CONCLUSION Dex can activate the mTOR-TFR1 axis to inhibit ferroptosis in mouse HNs, thereby improving the learning and memory ability of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiao
- Intensive Care Unit, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Gang Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hong-Xun Yuan
- Intensive Care Unit, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
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Al-Jabi SW. Global research trends and mapping knowledge structure of depression in dialysis patients. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:593-606. [PMID: 37701544 PMCID: PMC10494777 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common and important psychological issues faced by dialysis patients. It can make it more difficult for them to adhere to their treatment regimen, which, in turn, can worsen their physical symptoms and lead to poorer health outcomes. AIM To examine the evolution and growth of publications related to dialysis and depression. The objectives were to identify the number of publications, the top active countries, the contributed institutions, funding agencies and journals, as well as to perform citation and research theme analysis. METHODS The search was conducted using the Scopus database for publications related to dialysis and depression between 1970 and 2022. Subsequently, bibliometric analysis was carried out on the data obtained using VOSviewer software, version 1.6.9. This analysis included visualization analysis, co-occurrence analysis and examination of publication trends in dialysis and depression. RESULTS We identified 800 publications that met the search criteria. The number of publications related to dialysis and depression has increased significantly in the past two decades. The USA led the way with 144 publications, which is 18% of all publications on this topic. Turkey came second with 88 publications (11%), followed by China with 55 publications (6.88%) and Iran with 52 publications (6.5%). Analysis of the research theme identified three main clusters related to gender differences in prevalence, identification of depression as a risk factor, and effective interventions to relieve depression. Future research direction analysis shows a shift toward effective interventions to relieve depression in dialysis patients. CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive overview of growth, trends and research themes related to dialysis and depression that could help researchers identify gaps in the literature and develop future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah W Al-Jabi
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
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Mao XL, Chen HM. Investigation of contemporary college students' mental health status and construction of a risk prediction model. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:573-582. [PMID: 37701543 PMCID: PMC10494769 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] [Imported: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to academic pressure, social relations, and the change of adapting to independent life, college students are under high levels of pressure. Therefore, it is very important to study the mental health problems of college students. Developing a predictive model that can detect early warning signals of college students' mental health risks can help support early intervention and improve overall well-being. AIM To investigate college students' present psychological well-being, identify the contributing factors to its decline, and construct a predictive nomogram model. METHODS We analyzed the psychological health status of 40874 university students in selected universities in Hubei Province, China from March 1 to 15, 2022, using online questionnaires and random sampling. Factors influencing their mental health were also analyzed using the logistic regression approach, and R4.2.3 software was employed to develop a nomogram model for risk prediction. RESULTS We randomly selected 918 valid data and found that 11.3% of college students had psychological problems. The results of the general data survey showed that the mental health problems of doctoral students were more prominent than those of junior college students, and the mental health of students from rural areas was more likely to be abnormal than that of urban students. In addition, students who had experienced significant life events and divorced parents were more likely to have an abnormal status. The abnormal group exhibited significantly higher Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores than the healthy group, with these differences being statistically significant (P < 0.05). The nomogram prediction model drawn by multivariate analysis included six predictors: The place of origin, whether they were single children, whether there were significant life events, parents' marital status, regular exercise, intimate friends, and the PHQ-9 score. The training set demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.972 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.947-0.997], a specificity of 0.888 and a sensitivity of 0.972. Similarly, the validation set had a ROC AUC of 0.979 (95%CI: 0.955-1.000), with a specificity of 0.942 and a sensitivity of 0.939. The H-L deviation test result was χ2 = 32.476, P = 0.000007, suggesting that the model calibration was good. CONCLUSION In this study, nearly 11.3% of contemporary college students had psychological problems, the risk factors include students from rural areas, divorced parents, non-single children, infrequent exercise, and significant life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Mao
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong-Mei Chen
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, Hubei Province, China
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Cawthorpe DRL, Cohen D. Population-based affective-disorder-related biomedical/biophysical multi-hyper-morbidity across the lifespan: A 16-year population study. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:423-434. [PMID: 37547734 PMCID: PMC10401504 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] [Imported: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few if any life-span population-based studies of psychiatric disorder-associated biomedical and biophysical disorders and diseases (morbidity).
AIM To scope the present state of research regarding the biomedical and biophysical morbidity associated with affective and mental disorder in epidemiological samples, and to examine the life-span relationship between affective disorders and biomedical/biophysical disorders to illustrate a novel approach employing the odds ratio to represent the intensity of biomedical and biophysical morbidity associated in time in a population.
METHODS A repeatable systematic literature search of PubMed was represented in summary. Additionally, a regional population-based dataset was constructed and analyzed to represent the age- and sex-specific diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases Version 9, ICD-9) for those with and without affective disorder. The analysis presents a novel index of the relative age-specific frequency of life-span biomedical and biophysical diagnoses associated with affective disorder.
RESULTS The volume of biomedical and biophysical morbidity associated with mental disorder literature has increased, yet few studies measure comprehensive temporal hyper-morbidity (over-representation of diseases over time, either before or after the index diagnostic event) in populations. Further, there have been only a few population-based studies examining the morbidity associated with affective disorder and only one that examines the full diagnostic range of lifespan morbidity. Substantial differences arose between males and females with more females than males having greater frequencies of diagnoses. The age-specific distributions of the maximum proportional diagnosis frequency ratios for each sex illustrate the greatest diagnosis-specific differences when comparing the biomedical and biophysical diagnoses of those with and without affective disorder when the same diagnosis was represented in each grouping at the same age.
CONCLUSION Clinical research needs to focus on more than one or two comorbid biomedical or biophysical disorders at a time. Comprehensive population-based examination of the lifespan biomedical and biophysical multi-morbidity associated with affective disorder has the potential to directly inform clinical practice. Representing the proportional ratios of age-specific frequency of diagnoses for the full range of ICD-9 diagnoses is a novel analytical model. Diagnostic frequency appears a viable representation of a given disease state, such as affective disorder. Fortunately, the WPA has developed a global education section to better understand the biomedical and biophysical morbidity associated with all psychiatric disorders. This has been identified by the WPA as the psychiatric practice challenge of the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R L Cawthorpe
- Community Health Sciences and Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary T2N4N1, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dan Cohen
- Mental Health Organization North-Holland North, Utrecht University, Alkmaar 1811, North Holland, Netherlands
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Liu JL, Tan ZM, Jiao SJ. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with olanzapine and amisulpride for treatment-refractory schizophrenia. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:453-460. [PMID: 37547736 PMCID: PMC10401498 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-refractory schizophrenia (TRS), accounting for approximately 30% of all schizophrenia cases, has poor treatment response and prognosis despite treatment with antipsychotic drugs.
AIM To analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with olanzapine (OLZ) and amisulpride (AMI) for TRS and its influence on the patient’s cognitive function.
METHODS This study enrolled 114 TRS patients who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between July 2019 and July 2022. In addition to the basic OLZ + AMI therapy, 54 cases of the control group (Con group) received modified electroconvulsive therapy, while 60 cases of the research group (Res group) received rTMS. Data on therapeutic effectiveness, safety (incidence of drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, or memory impairment), Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale were collected from both cohorts for comparative analyses.
RESULTS The Res group elicited a higher overall response rate and better safety profile when compared with the Con group. Additionally, a significant reduction was observed in the post-treatment Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale scores of the Res group, presenting lower scores than those of the Con group. Furthermore, a significant increase in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale score was reported in the Res group, with higher scores than those of the Con group.
CONCLUSION The treatment of TRS with rTMS and OLZ + AMI is effective and safe. Moreover, it can alleviate the patients’ mental symptoms, improve their cognitive function and quality of life, and has a high clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Shu-Jie Jiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
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Goldstein Ferber S, Shoval G, Weller A, Zalsman G. Not one thing at a time: When concomitant multiple stressors produce a transdiagnostic clinical picture. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:402-408. [PMID: 37547732 PMCID: PMC10401502 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A condition of exposure to multiple stressors resulting in a mixed clinical picture spanning conventional categories without meeting any of them in full, encompasses a risk for a list of comorbidities preventing appropriate prevention and treatment. New transformative transdiagnostic approaches suggest changes spanning conventional categories. They base their systems of classification on biomarkers as well as on brain structural and functional dysregulation as associated with behavioral and emotional symptoms. These new approaches received critiques for not being specific enough and for suggesting a few biomarkers for psychopathology as a whole. Therefore, they put the value of differential diagnosis at risk of avoiding appropriate derived prevention and treatment. Multiplicity of stressors has been considered mostly during and following catastrophes, without considering the resulting mixed clinical picture and life event concomitant stressors. We herewith suggest a new category within the conventional classification systems: The Complex Stress Reaction Syndrome, for a condition of multiplicity of stressors, which showed a mixed clinical picture for daily life in the post coronavirus disease 2019 era, in the general population. We argue that this condition may be relevant to daily, regular life, across the lifespan, and beyond conditions of catastrophes. We further argue that this condition may worsen without professional care and it may develop into a severe mental health disorder, more costly to health systems and the suffering individuals. Means for derived prevention and treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Goldstein Ferber
- Department of Psychology and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
- Psychology and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5317000, Israel
| | - Gal Shoval
- Department of Neuroscience, Princeton University, New Jersey, NJ 08544, United States
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tiqva, Israel and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 77096, Israel
| | - Aron Weller
- Psychology and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5317000, Israel
| | - Gil Zalsman
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tiqva, Israel and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 77096, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
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Su YR, Yu XP, Huang LQ, Xie L, Zha JS. Factors influencing postoperative anxiety and depression following Iodine-131 treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: A cross-sectional study. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:486-494. [PMID: 37547735 PMCID: PMC10401505 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) often seriously impacts patients’ lives. Radionuclide Iodine-131 (131I) is widely used in treating patients with DTC. However, most patients know little about radionuclide therapy, and the treatment needs to be performed in a special isolation ward, which can cause anxiety and depression.
AIM To explore anxiety and depression status and their influencing factors after 131I treatment in patients with DTC.
METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted among postoperative patients with DTC who received 131I treatment at our hospital from June 2020 to December 2022. General patient data were collected using a self-administered demographic characteristics questionnaire. The self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale were used to determine whether patients were worried about their symptoms and the degree of anxiety and depression. The patients were cate-gorized into anxiety, non-anxiety, depression, and non-depression groups. Single-variable and multiple-variable analyses were used to determine the risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with thyroid cancer after surgery.
RESULTS A total of 144 patients were included in this study. The baseline mean score of self-rating anxiety and depression scales were 50.06 ± 16.10 and 50.96 ± 16.55, respectively. Notably, 48.62% (70/144) had anxiety and 47.22% (68/144) of the patients had depression. Sex, age, education level, marital status, household income, underlying diseases, and medication compliance significantly differed among groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level, per capita monthly household income, and medication compliance level affected anxiety (P = 0.015, 0.001, and 0.001 respectively. Patient’s sex, marital status, and underlying diseases affected depression (P = 0.007, 0.001, and 0.009, respectively).
CONCLUSION Nursing interventions aiming at reducing the risk of anxiety and depression should target unmarried female patients with low education level, low family income, underlying diseases, and poor adherence to medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Rui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Qun Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jin-Shun Zha
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
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Yu J, Lu SR, Wang Z, Yang Y, Zhang BS, Xu Q, Kan H. Role of comprehensive geriatric assessment in screening for mild cognitive disorders. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:478-485. [PMID: 37547738 PMCID: PMC10401506 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] [Imported: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in screening for mild cognitive disorders was not known.
AIM To evaluate the role of CGA in screening for mild cognitive disorders.
METHODS A total of 100 elderly people who underwent health examinations in our hospital and community between January 2020 and December 2021 were included for analysis. Using Petersen as the diagnostic gold standard, healthy individuals were included in the control group and patients with mild cognitive impairment were assigned to the study group. The correlation between the cognitive function of the patients and their baseline clinical profiles was analyzed. Patients' Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and CGA screening results were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated to assess the screening role of CGA.
RESULTS CGA assessment yielded higher diagnostic accuracy than MoCA. The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed no correlation of gender, age, body mass index and literacy with cognitive function. Patients with mild cognitive impairment obtained significantly lower MoCA scores than healthy individuals (P < 0.05). In the CGA scale, patients with mild cognitive impairment showed significantly lower Mini-mental State Examination, Miniature Nutritional Assessment and Berg Balance Scale scores, and higher Activity of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale and Frailty Screening Inventory scores than healthy individuals (P < 0.05), whereas the other assessment scales showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). The CGA provides higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than the MoCA (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION CGA allows accurate identification of mild cognitive impairment with high sensitivity and specificity, facilitating timely and effective intervention, and is thus recommended for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shou-Rong Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin-Shan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Kan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zheng AD, Cai LL, Xu J. Effects of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care on mood and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:444-452. [PMID: 37547733 PMCID: PMC10401501 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the intensification of social aging, the susceptibility of the elderly population to diseases has attracted increasing attention, especially chronic heart failure (CHF) that accounts for a large proportion of the elderly.
AIM To evaluate the application value of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care in elderly patients with CHF.
METHODS This study recruited 116 elderly CHF patients admitted from October 2018 to October 2020 and grouped them according to the nursing care that they received. The elderly patients who underwent health concept model-based detailed behavioral care were included in a study group (SG; n = 62), and those who underwent routine detailed behavioral nursing intervention were included as a control group (CG; n = 54). Patients’ negative emotions (NEs), quality of life (QoL), and nutritional status were assessed using the self-rating anxiety/ depression scale (SAS/SDS), the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Ques-tionnaire (MLHFQ), and the Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment (MQSGA) of nutrition, respectively. Differences in rehabilitation efficiency, NEs, cardiac function (CF) indexes, nutritional status, QoL, and nursing satisfaction were comparatively analyzed.
RESULTS A higher response rate was recorded in the SG vs the CG after intervention (P < 0.05). After care, the left ventricular ejection fraction was higher while the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end systolic diameter were lower in the SG compared with the CG (P < 0.05). The post-intervention SAS and SDS scores, as well as MQSGA and MLHFQ scores, were also lower in the SG (P < 0.05). The SG was also superior to the CG in the overall nursing satisfaction rate (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Health concept model-based detailed behavioral care has high application value in the nursing care of elderly CHF patients, and it can not only effectively enhance rehabilitation efficiency, but also mitigate patients’ NEs and improve their CF and QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Di Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Li Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zou ZL, Qiu J, Zhou XB, Huang YL, Wang JY, Zhou B, Zhang Y. Glutamate decarboxylase 1 gene polymorphisms are associated with respiratory symptoms in panic disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:435-443. [PMID: 37547739 PMCID: PMC10401499 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of panic disorder (PD). However, the effect of genetic variants on PD remains controversial.
AIM To evaluate the associations between glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1) gene polymorphisms and PD risk and assess the effect of GAD1 gene polymorphisms on the severity of clinical symptoms in PD.
METHODS We recruited 230 PD patients and 224 healthy controls in this study. All participants were assessed for anxiety and panic symptom severity using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS). GAD1 gene polymorphisms (rs1978340 and rs3749034) were genotyped and assessed for allele frequencies.
RESULTS There were no significant differences between cases and controls in the genotype distributions or allele frequencies of GAD1 (rs1978340 and rs3749034). In addition, the effect of GAD1 (rs1978340 and rs3749034) on PD severity was not significant. However, regarding respiratory symptoms, patients with the GAD1 rs1978340 A/A genotype had significantly higher scores than those with the A/G or G/G genotype.
CONCLUSION Here, we showed that the A/A genotype of GAD1 rs1978340 was associated with increased severity of respiratory symptoms in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Li Zou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Lan Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
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Rathod S, Pallikadavath S, Graves E, Rahman MM, Brooks A, Rathod P, Bhargava R, Irfan M, Aly R, Mohammad Saleh Al Gahtani H, Salam Z, Chau SWH, Paterson TSE, Turner B, Gorbunova V, Klymchuk V, Phiri P. Effects of cumulative COVID-19 cases on mental health: Evidence from multi-country survey. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:461-477. [PMID: 37547737 PMCID: PMC10401503 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety were both ranked among the top 25 leading causes of global burden of diseases in 2019 prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pandemic affected, and in many cases threatened, the health and lives of millions of people across the globe and within the first year, global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by 25% with the greatest influx in places highly affected by COVID-19.
AIM To explore the psychological impact of the pandemic and resultant restrictions in different countries using an opportunistic sample and online questionnaire in different phases of the pandemic.
METHODS A repeated, cross-sectional online international survey of adults, 16 years and above, was carried out in 10 countries (United Kingdom, India, Canada, Bangladesh, Ukraine, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Egypt, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia). The online questionnaire was based on published approaches to understand the psychological impact of COVID-19 and the resultant restrictions. Five standardised measures were included to explore levels of depression [patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)], anxiety [generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) assessment], impact of trauma [the impact of events scale-revised (IES-R)], loneliness (a brief loneliness scale), and social support (The Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social support).
RESULTS There were two rounds of the online survey in 10 countries with 42866 participants in Round 1 and 92260 in Round 2. The largest number of participants recruited from the United Kingdom (112985 overall). The majority of participants reported receiving no support from mental health services throughout the pandemic. This study found that the daily cumulative COVID-19 cases had a statistically significant effect on PHQ-9, GAD-7, and IES-R scores. These scores significantly increased in the second round of surveys with the ordinary least squares regression results with regression discontinuity design specification (to control lockdown effects) confirming these results. The study findings imply that participants’ mental health worsened with high cumulative COVID-19 cases.
CONCLUSION Whist we are still living through the impact of COVID-19, this paper focuses on its impact on mental health, discusses the possible consequences and future implications. This study revealed that daily cumulative COVID-19 cases have a significant impact on depression, anxiety, and trauma. Increasing cumulative cases influenced and impacted education, employment, socialization and finances, to name but a few. Building a database of global evidence will allow for future planning of pandemics, particularly the impact on mental health of populations considering the cultural differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaya Rathod
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Saseendran Pallikadavath
- Portsmouth-Brawijaya Centre for Global Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2UP, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Graves
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad M Rahman
- Salford Business School, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - Ashlea Brooks
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Pranay Rathod
- Patient and Public Involvement, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Rachna Bhargava
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Reham Aly
- Department of Clinical Services, Ministry of Health, Cairo 4262114, Egypt
| | | | - Zahwa Salam
- Peshawar Dental College, Ripah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Steven Wai Ho Chau
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Theone S E Paterson
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Brianna Turner
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Viktoria Gorbunova
- Department of Social Psychology, Zhytomyr State University, Zhytomyr 10002, Ukraine
| | - Vitaly Klymchuk
- National Psychological Association, Mental Health for Ukraine Project, European Federation of Psychologists' Association, GFA, Kyiv 04071, Ukraine
| | - Peter Phiri
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Liu XQ, Guo YX, Wang X. Delivering substance use prevention interventions for adolescents in educational settings: A scoping review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:409-422. [PMID: 37547731 PMCID: PMC10401500 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] [Imported: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, a proportion of adolescents use alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs, which inevitably harms their health and academic progress. Adolescence is a peak period for substance use initiation and a critical time for preventing substance use problems. Various entities, such as families, schools, and communities, have implemented a variety of interventions to alleviate adolescent substance use problems, and schools play a unique role. To explore the types, characteristics, and effectiveness of substance use interventions in educational settings for adole-scents, we conducted a scoping review and identified 32 studies after screening. We divided the 32 studies according to intervention type, including curriculum interventions focusing on cognitive-behavioral skill enhancement, exercise interventions, peer interventions and family-school cooperation, and electronic interventions. Except for the mixed results on electronic interventions, the results showed that the other interventions were beneficial to different extents in alleviating adolescent substance use problems. In addition, we analyzed and summarized the advantages and challenges of intervening in adolescent substance use in educational settings. Schools can use equipment and human resources to provide adolescents with various types of intervention measures, but they also face challenges such as stigmatization, ineffective coordination among multiple resources, and poor implementation effects. In the future, school-based intervention measures can fully utilize big data and artificial intelligence technology and collaborate with families and communities to intervene appro-priately while paying attention to the comorbidity risks of substance use disorders and psychological health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Fu YJ, Liu X, Wang XY, Li X, Dai LQ, Ren WY, Zeng YM, Li ZL, Yu RQ. Abnormal volumetric brain morphometry and cerebral blood flow in adolescents with depression. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:386-396. [PMID: 37383288 PMCID: PMC10294138 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated that the brains of adolescents with depression exhibit distinct structural alterations. However, preliminary studies have documented the pathophysiological changes in certain brain regions, such as the cerebellum, highlighting a need for further research to support the current understanding of this disease.
AIM To study brain changes in depressed adolescents.
METHODS This study enrolled 34 adolescents with depression and 34 age-, sex-, and education-level-matched healthy control (HC) individuals. Structural and functional alterations were identified when comparing the brains of these two participant groups through voxel-based morphometry and cerebral blood flow (CBF) analysis, respectively. Associations between identified brain alterations and the severity of depressive symptoms were explored through Pearson correlation analyses.
RESULTS The cerebellum, superior frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, pallidum, middle frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, thalamus, precentral gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and supplementary motor areas of adolescents with depression showed an increase in brain volume compared to HC individuals. These patients with depression further presented with a pronounced drop in CBF in the left pallidum (group = 98, and peak t = - 4.4324), together with increased CBF in the right percental gyrus (PerCG) (group = 90, and peak t = 4.5382). In addition, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were significantly correlated with the increased volume in the opercular portion of the left inferior frontal gyrus (r = - 0.5231, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION The right PerCG showed structural and CBF changes, indicating that research on this part of the brain could offer insight into the pathophysiological causes of impaired cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Fu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xing-Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lin-Qi Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wen-yu Ren
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yong-Ming Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing HongRen Yi Hospital, Chongqing 408400, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ren-Qiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Hellings J. Pharmacotherapy in autism spectrum disorders, including promising older drugs warranting trials. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:262-277. [PMID: 37383284 PMCID: PMC10294139 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Available pharmacotherapies for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are reviewed based on clinical and research experience, highlighting some older drugs with emerging evidence. Several medications show efficacy in ASD, though controlled studies in ASD are largely lacking. Only risperidone and aripiprazole have Federal Drug Administration approval in the United States. Methylphenidate (MPH) studies showed lower efficacy and tolerability for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than in the typically developing (TD) population; atomoxetine demonstrated lower efficacy but comparable tolerability to TD outcomes. Guanfacine improved hyperactivity in ASD comparably to TD. Dex-troamphetamine promises greater efficacy than MPH in ASD. ADHD medications reduce impulsive aggression in youth, and may also be key for this in adults. Controlled trials of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and fluoxetine demonstrated poor tolerability and lack of efficacy for repetitive behaviors. Trials of antiseizure medications in ASD remain inconclusive, however clinical trials may be warranted in severely disabled individuals showing bizarre behaviors. No identified drugs treat ASD core symptoms; oxytocin lacked efficacy. Amitriptyline and loxapine however, show promise. Loxapine at 5-10 mg daily resembled an atypical antipsychotic in positron emission tomography studies, but may be weight-sparing. Amitriptyline at approximately 1 mg/ kg/day used cautiously, shows efficacy for sleep, anxiety, impulsivity and ADHD, repetitive behaviors, and enuresis. Both drugs have promising neurotrophic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hellings
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Lee's Summit, MO 64063, United States
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Sopek Merkaš I, Lakušić N, Sonicki Z, Koret B, Vuk Pisk S, Filipčić I. Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder following acute coronary syndrome and clinical characteristics of patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:376-385. [PMID: 37383282 PMCID: PMC10294131 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated that patients who have experienced acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have an increased risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and experiencing worse survival outcomes than those who do not develop PTSD. Nevertheless, the prevalence rates of PTSD following ACS vary widely across studies, and it is noteworthy that in most cases, the diagnosis of PTSD was based on self-report symptom questionnaires, rather than being established by psychiatrists. Additionally, the individual characteristics of patients who develop PTSD after ACS can differ widely, making it difficult to identify any consistent patterns or predictors of the disorder.
AIM To investigate the prevalence of PTSD among a large sample of patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after ACS, as well as their characteristics in comparison to a control group.
METHODS The participants of this study are patients who have experienced ACS with or without undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and are enrolled in a 3-wk CR program at the largest CR center in Croatia, the Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Krapinske Toplice. Patient recruitment for the study took place over the course of one year, from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, with a total of 504 participants. The expected average follow-up period for patients included in the study is about 18 mo, and currently ongoing. Using self-assessment questionnaire for PTSD criteria and clinical psychiatric interview, a group of patients with a PTSD diagnosis was identified. From the participants who do not have a PTSD diagnosis, patients who would match those with a PTSD diagnosis in terms of relevant clinical and medical stratification variables and during the same rehabilitation period were selected to enable comparability of the two groups.
RESULTS A total of 507 patients who were enrolled in the CR program were approached to participate in the study. Three patients declined to participate in the study. The screening PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version questionnaire was completed by 504 patients. Out of the total sample of 504 patients, 74.2% were men (n = 374) and 25.8% were women (n = 130). The mean age of all participants was 56.7 years (55.8 for men and 59.1 for women). Among the 504 participants who completed the screening questionnaire, 80 met the cutoff criteria for the PTSD and qualified for further evaluation (15.9%). All 80 patients agreed to a psychiatric interview. Among them, 51 patients (10.1%) were diagnosed with clinical PTSD by a psychiatrist according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. Among the variables analyzed, there was a noticeable difference in the percentage of theoretical maximum achieved on exercise testing between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups. Non-PTSD group achieved a significantly higher percentage of their maximum compared to the PTSD group (P = 0.035).
CONCLUSION The preliminary results of the study indicate that a significant proportion of patients with PTSD induced by ACS are not receiving adequate treatment. Furthermore, the data suggest that these patients may exhibit reduced physical activity levels, which could be one of the possible underlying mechanisms in observed poor cardiovascular outcomes in this population. Identifying cardiac biomarkers is crucial for identifying patients at risk of developing PTSD and may derive benefits from personalized interventions based on the principles of precision medicine in multidisciplinary CR programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Sopek Merkaš
- Department of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Krapinske Toplice, Krapinske Toplice 49217, Croatia
| | - Nenad Lakušić
- Department of Cardiology, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Krapinske Toplice, Krapinske Toplice 49217, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Zdenko Sonicki
- Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology, and Medical Informatics, School of Public Health Andrija Stampar, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Barbara Koret
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry “Sveti Ivan”, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Sandra Vuk Pisk
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry “Sveti Ivan”, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Igor Filipčić
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry “Sveti Ivan”, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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Zhang MM, Zhao JW, Li ZQ, Shao J, Gao XY. Acupuncture at Back-Shu point improves insomnia by reducing inflammation and inhibiting the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:340-350. [PMID: 37383281 PMCID: PMC10294136 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is a disease where individuals cannot maintain a steady and stable sleep state or fail to fall asleep. Western medicine mainly uses sedatives and hypnotic drugs to treat insomnia, and long-term use is prone to drug resistance and other adverse reactions. Acupuncture has a good curative effect and unique advantages in the treatment of insomnia.
AIM To explore the molecular mechanism of acupuncture at Back-Shu point for the treatment of insomnia.
METHODS We first prepared a rat model of insomnia, and then carried out acupuncture for 7 consecutive days. After treatment, the sleep time and general behavior of the rats were determined. The Morris water maze test was used to assess the learning ability and spatial memory ability of the rats. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum and the hippocampus were detected by ELISA. qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression changes in the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were carried out to evaluate the protein expression levels of RAF-1, MEK-2, ERK1/2 and NF-κB.
RESULTS Acupuncture can prolong sleep duration, and improve mental state, activity, diet volume, learning ability and spatial memory. In addition, acupuncture increased the release of 1L-1β, 1L-6 and TNF-α in serum and the hippocampus and inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION These findings suggest that acupuncture at Back-Shu point can inhibit the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway and treat insomnia by increasing the release of inflammatory cytokines in the hippo-campus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Zhang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 471002, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing-Wei Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Pain Treatment, Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 471002, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
| | - Xi-Yan Gao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
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Bahçecioğlu Turan G, Karaman S, Aksoy M. Psychological impact of cancer scale: Turkish validity and reliability study. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:351-360. [PMID: 37383279 PMCID: PMC10294135 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, it is important to evaluate the com-ponents of psychological adjustment. Considering the key role of nurses in providing care to patients, it is important to evaluate patients, to determine high-risk patients and to use tools with acceptable validity and reliability to develop care plans.
AIM To analyze the Turkish validity and reliability of The Psychological Impact of Cancer Scale (PICS).
METHODS This methodological study was conducted with 257 cancer patients admitted to the oncology-haematology clinic and outpatient clinic of a University Hospital between February and October 2021. After the translation process of the scale, content and construct validity were conducted. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was examined with construct validity, while item analyses and internal consistency analysis were conducted for reliability.
RESULTS Analyses and assessment results showed that the content validity index of the scale was 0.96. In the exploratory factor analysis of the Turkish adaptation study, total variance rate explained was found as 84.98%. Factor loads of all items were between 0.82 and 0.94. It was found that Cronbach Alpha values were between 0.860 and 0.930 and total scale Cronbach Alpha value was 0.844. EFA and CFA showed that Turkish form of 12-item and 4-factor. The Psychological Impact of Cancer Scale was confirmed with no changes to the original scale. CFA revealed good fit indices.
CONCLUSION Turkish PICS is a valid and reliable measurement tool for the evaluation of individual’s psychological response to cancer diagnosis and treatment and for being used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seda Karaman
- Faculty of Nursing, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Meyreme Aksoy
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Siirt University, Siirt 56500, Turkey
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125
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Shi XL, Li LY, Fan ZG. Psychiatrists’ occupational stigma conceptualization, measurement, and intervention: A literature review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:298-318. [PMID: 37383285 PMCID: PMC10294130 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychiatrists require frequent contact with and treatment of patients with mental illnesses. Due to the influence of associative stigma, psychiatrists may also be targets of stigma. Occupational stigma warrants special consideration because it significantly affects psychiatrists' career advancement, well-being, and their patients’ health. Given that there is no complete summary of this issue, this study reviewed the existing literature on psychiatrists' occupational stigma to clearly synthesize its concepts, measurement tools, and intervention strategies. Herein, we emphasize that psychiatrists’ occupational stigma is a multifaceted concept that simultaneously encompasses physically, socially, and morally tainted aspects. Currently, standardized methods to specifically measure psychiatrists’ occupational stigma are lacking. Interventions for psychiatrists’ occupational stigma may consider the use of protest, contact, education, comprehensive and systematic methods, as well as the use of psychotherapeutic approaches. This review provides a theoretical basis for the development of relevant measurement tools and intervention practices. Overall, this review seeks to raise public awareness of psychiatrists' occupational stigma, thereby promoting psychiatric professionalism and reducing its stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Shi
- School of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lu-Yao Li
- School of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Fan
- School of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
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126
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Gao WJ, Hu Y, Ji JL, Liu XQ. Relationship between depression, smartphone addiction, and sleep among Chinese engineering students during the COVID-19 pandemic. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:361-375. [PMID: 37383286 PMCID: PMC10294134 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing research has demonstrated that depression is positively related to smartphone addiction, but the role of sleep has not been discussed thoroughly, especially among engineering undergraduates affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
AIM To evaluate sleep as a mediator of the association between smartphone addiction and depression among engineering undergraduates.
METHODS Using a multistage stratified random sampling method, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 692 engineering undergraduates from a top engineering university in China, and data were collected by self-reported electronic questionnaires. The data included demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between smartphone addiction and depression, while structural equation models were established to evaluate the possible mediating role of sleep.
RESULTS Based on the cutoffs of the SAS-SV, the rate of smartphone addiction was 63.58 percent, with 56.21 percent for women and 65.68 percent for men, among 692 engineering students. The prevalence of depression among students was 14.16 percent, with 17.65 percent for women, and 13.18 percent for men. Smartphone addiction was positively correlated with depression, and sleep played a significant mediating effect between the two, accounting for 42.22 percent of the total effect. In addition, sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction significantly mediated the relationship between depression and smartphone addiction. The mediating effect of sleep latency was 0.014 [P < 0.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.006-0.027], the mediating effect of sleep disturbances was 0.022 (P < 0.01; 95%CI: 0.011-0.040), and the mediating effect of daytime dysfunction was 0.040 (P < 0.01; 95%CI: 0.024-0.059). The influence of sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction accounted for 18.42%, 28.95%, and 52.63% of the total mediating effect, respectively.
CONCLUSION The results of the study suggest that reducing excessive smartphone use and improving sleep quality can help alleviate depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Gao
- Institute of Higher Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Public Administration, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Research Center for Beijing Higher Education Development, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Institute of Higher Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Public Administration, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Research Center for Beijing Higher Education Development, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun-Lin Ji
- Institute of Higher Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Public Administration, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Research Center for Beijing Higher Education Development, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Wang SK, Feng M, Fang Y, Lv L, Sun GL, Yang SL, Guo P, Cheng SF, Qian MC, Chen HX. Psychological trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder and trauma-related depression: A mini-review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:331-339. [PMID: 37383283 PMCID: PMC10294137 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There are various types of traumatic stimuli, such as catastrophic events like wars, natural calamities like earthquakes, and personal trauma from physical and psychological neglect or abuse and sexual abuse. Traumatic events can be divided into type I and type II trauma, and their impacts on individuals depend not only on the severity and duration of the traumas but also on individuals’ self-evaluation of the traumatic events. Individual stress reactions to trauma include posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), complex PTSD and trauma-related depression. Trauma-related depression is a reactive depression with unclear pathology, and depression occurring due to trauma in the childhood has gained increasing attention, because it has persisted for a long time and does not respond to conventional antidepressants but shows good or partial response to psychotherapy, which is similar to the pattern observed for PTSD. Because trauma-related depression is associated with high risk of suicide and is chronic with a propensity to relapse, it is necessary to explore its pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Kai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liang Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gui-Lan Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shan-Fei Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Min-Cai Qian
- Department of Neurosis and Psychosomatic Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- Department of Key Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Torres-Rosado L, Lozano OM, Sanchez-Garcia M, Fernández-Calderón F, Diaz-Batanero C. Operational definitions and measurement of externalizing behavior problems: An integrative review including research models and clinical diagnostic systems. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:278-297. [PMID: 37383280 PMCID: PMC10294133 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurement of externalizing disorders such as antisocial disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or borderline disorder have relevant implications for the daily lives of people with these disorders. While the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) have provided the diagnostic framework for decades, recent dimensional frameworks question the categorical approach of psychopathology, inherent in traditional nosotaxies. Tests and instruments develop under the DSM or ICD framework preferentially adopt this categorical approach, providing diagnostic labels. In contrast, dimensional measurement instruments provide an individualized profile for the domains that comprise the externalizing spectrum, but are less widely used in practice. Current paper aims to review the operational definitions of externalizing disorders defined under these different frameworks, revise the different measurement alternatives existing, and provide an integrative operational definition. First, an analysis of the operational definition of externalizing disorders among the DSM/ICD diagnostic systems and the recent Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model is carried out. Then, in order to analyze the coverage of operational definitions found, a description of measurement instruments among each conceptualization is provided. Three phases in the development of the ICD and DSM diagnosis systems can be observed with direct implications for measurement. ICD and DSM versions have progressively introduced systematicity, providing more detailed descriptions of diagnostic criteria and categories that ease the measurement instrument development. However, it is questioned whether the DSM/ICD systems adequately modelize externalizing disorders, and therefore their measurement. More recent theoretical approaches, such as the HiTOP model seek to overcome some of the criticism raised towards the classification systems. Nevertheless, several issues concerning this model raise mesasurement challenges. A revision of the instruments underneath each approach shows incomplete coverage of externalizing disorders among the existing instruments. Efforts to bring nosotaxies together with other theoretical models of psychopathology and personality are still needed. The integrative operational definition of externalizing disorders provided may help to gather clinical practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Torres-Rosado
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Oscar M Lozano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
- Research Center for Natural Resources, Health and Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
- Research Center for Natural Resources, Health and Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Fermín Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
- Research Center for Natural Resources, Health and Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Carmen Diaz-Batanero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
- Research Center for Natural Resources, Health and Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
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Kouter K, Šalamon Arčan I, Videtič Paska A. Epigenetics in psychiatry: Beyond DNA methylation. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:319-330. [PMID: 37383287 PMCID: PMC10294132 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The global burden of psychopathologies appears to be underestimated, since the global psychiatric disorder burden is exceeding other medical burdens. To be able to address this problem more effectively, we need to better understand the etiology of psychiatric disorders. One of the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders appears to be epigenetic dysregulation. While some epigenetic modifications (such as DNA methylation) are well known and studied, the roles of others have been investigated much less. DNA hydroxymethylation is a rarely studied epigenetic modification, which as well as being an intermediate stage in the DNA demethylation cycle is also an independent steady cell state involved in neurodevelopment and plasticity. In contrast to DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation appears to be related to an increase in gene expression and subsequent protein expression. Although no particular gene or genetic locus can be at this point linked to changes in DNA hydroxymethylation in psychiatric disorders, the epigenetic marks present good potential for biomarker identification because the epigenetic landscape is a result of the interplay between genes and environment, which both influence the development of psychiatric disorders, and because hydoxymethylation changes are particularly enriched in the brain and in synapse-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kouter
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Iris Šalamon Arčan
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Alja Videtič Paska
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
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Liu XQ, Guo YX, Zhang XR, Zhang LX, Zhang YF. Digital interventions empowering mental health reconstruction among students after the COVID-19 pandemic. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:397-401. [PMID: 37383289 PMCID: PMC10294129 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the gradual end of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the reconstruction of students’ mental health is urgently necessary. Digital interventions offer advantages such as high accessibility, anonymity, and accurate identification, which can promote the reconstruction of students’ mental health through the provision of psychological support platforms, psychological assessment tools, and online mental health activities. However, we recognize that digital interventions must undergo many adjustments, and corresponding ethical norms require further clarification. It is crucial for different stakeholders to collaborate and work toward maximizing the effectiveness of digital interventions for the reconstruction of mental health after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xin-Ran Zhang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lin-Xin Zhang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yi-fan Zhang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Mei X, Zou CJ, Hu J, Liu XL, Zheng CY, Zhou DS. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy in elderly patients with four types of dementia. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:203-214. [PMID: 37303929 PMCID: PMC10251357 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is commonly used to study human brain function by measuring the hemodynamic signals originating from cortical activation and provides a new noninvasive detection method for identifying dementia.
AIM To investigate the fNIRS imaging technique and its clinical application in differential diagnosis of subtype dementias including frontotemporal lobe dementia, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
METHODS Four patients with different types of dementia were examined with fNIRS during two tasks and a resting state. We adopted the verbal fluency task, working memory task and resting state task. Each patient was compared on the same task. We conducted and analyzed the fNIRS data using a general linear model and Pearson’s correlation analysis.
RESULTS Compared with other types of dementias, fNIRS showed the left frontotemporal and prefrontal lobes to be poorly activated during the verbal fluency task in frontotemporal dementia. In Lewy body dementia, severe asymmetry of prefrontal lobes appeared during both verbal fluency and working memory tasks, and the patient had low functional connectivity during a resting state. In PDD, the patient’s prefrontal cortex showed lower excitability than the temporal lobe during the verbal fluency task, while the prefrontal cortex showed higher excitability during the working memory task. The patient with AD showed poor prefrontal and temporal activation during the working memory task, and more activation of frontopolar instead of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
CONCLUSION Different hemodynamic characteristics of four types of dementia (as seen by fNIRS imaging) provides evidence that fNIRS can serve as a potential tool for the diagnosis between dementia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Mei
- Key Lab, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen-Jun Zou
- Department of Geriatric, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Geriatric, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Liu
- Key Lab, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cheng-Ying Zheng
- Department of Geriatric, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhou
- Key Lab, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
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132
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Zhou M, Zhang YM, Li T. Knowledge, attitudes and experiences of genetic testing for autism spectrum disorders among caregivers, patients, and health providers: A systematic review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:247-261. [PMID: 37303934 PMCID: PMC10251355 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several genetic testing techniques have been recommended as a first-tier diagnostic tool in clinical practice for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the actual usage rate varies dramatically. This is due to various reasons, including knowledge and attitudes of caregivers, patients, and health providers toward genetic testing. Several studies have therefore been conducted worldwide to investigate the knowledge, experiences, and attitudes toward genetic testing among caregivers of children with ASD, adolescent and adult ASD patients, and health providers who provide medical services for them. However, no systematic review has been done.
AIM To systematically review research on knowledge, experiences, and attitudes towards genetic testing among caregivers of children with ASD, adolescent and adult ASD patients, and health providers.
METHODS We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and searched the literature in three English language databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and PsychInfo) and two Chinese databases (CNKI and Wanfang). Searched literature was screened independently by two reviewers and discussed when inconsistency existed. Information on characteristics of the study, characteristics of participants, and main findings regarding knowledge, experience, and attitudes of caregivers of children with ASD, adolescent and adult ASD patients, and health providers concerning ASD genetic testing were extracted from included papers into a charting form for analysis.
RESULTS We included 30 studies published between 2012 and 2022 and conducted in 9 countries. Most of the studies (n = 29) investigated caregivers of children with ASD, one study also included adolescent and adult patients, and two covered health providers. Most (51.0%-100%) of the caregivers/patients knew there was a genetic cause for ASD and 17.0% to 78.1% were aware of ASD genetic testing. However, they lacked full understanding of genetic testing. They acquired relevant and necessary information from physicians, the internet, ASD organizations, and other caregivers. Between 9.1% to 72.7% of caregivers in different studies were referred for genetic testing, and between 17.4% to 61.7% actually obtained genetic testing. Most caregivers agreed there are potential benefits following genetic testing, including benefits for children, families, and others. However, two studies compared perceived pre-test and post-test benefits with conflicting findings. Caregivers concerns included high costs, unhelpful results, negative influences (e.g., causing family conflicts, causing stress/risk/pain to children etc.) prevented some caregivers from using genetic testing. Nevertheless, 46.7% to 95.0% caregivers without previous genetic testing experience intended to obtain it in the future, and 50.5% to 59.6% of parents previously obtaining genetic testing would recommend it to other parents. In a single study of child and adolescent psychiatrists, 54.9% of respondents had ordered ASD genetic testing for their patients in the prior 12 mo, which was associated with greater knowledge of genetic testing.
CONCLUSION Most caregivers are willing to learn about and use genetic testing. However, the review showed their current knowledge is limited and usage rates varied widely in different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ya-Min Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
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133
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Marini S, D'Agostino L, Ciamarra C, Gentile A. Deep brain stimulation for autism spectrum disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:174-181. [PMID: 37303931 PMCID: PMC10251363 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a medical treatment that aims to obtain therapeutic effects by applying chronic electrical impulses in specific brain structures and neurological circuits. Over the years, DBS has been studied for the treatment of many psychiatric disorders. Scientific research on the use of DBS in people with autism has focused this interest mainly on treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder, drug-resistant epilepsy, self-injurious behaviors (SIB), and aggressive behaviors toward the self. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a group of developmental disabilities characterized by patterns of delay and deviance in the development of social, communicative, and cognitive skills and the presence of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors as well as restricted interests. People with autism often have numerous medical and psychiatric comorbidities that worsen the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms can be found in up to 81.3% of people with autism. They are often severe, refractory to treatment, and particularly difficult to treat. SIB has a high prevalence in severely retarded individuals and is often associated with autism. Drug treatment of both autism and SIB presents a therapeutic challenge. To describe the current state of the art regarding the efficacy of DBS in people with ASD, a literature search was conducted for relevant studies using the PubMed database. Thirteen studies have been considered in this paper. Up to date, DBS has been used for the stimulation of the nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus internus, anterior limb of the internal capsule, ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule, basolateral amygdala, ventral capsule and ventral striatum, medial forebrain bundle, and posterior hypothalamus. In the total sample of 16 patients, 4 were adolescents, and 12 were adults. All patients had symptoms resistant to multiple drug therapy. Many patients taken into consideration by the studies showed clinical improvements as evidenced by the scores of the psychopathological scales used. In some cases, clinical improvements have varied over time, which may require further investigation. Among the new therapeutic perspectives, DBS could be a valid option. However, further, and more in-depth research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marini
- Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, Termoli 86039, Italy
| | - Lucia D'Agostino
- Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, Termoli 86039, Italy
| | - Carla Ciamarra
- Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, Termoli 86039, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gentile
- Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, Termoli 86039, Italy
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134
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Tereshchenko SY. Neurobiological risk factors for problematic social media use as a specific form of Internet addiction: A narrative review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:160-173. [PMID: 37303928 PMCID: PMC10251362 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Problematic social media use (PSMU) is a behavioral addiction, a specific form of problematic Internet use associated with the uncontrolled use of social networks. It is typical mostly for modern adolescents and young adults, which are the first generations fully grown up in the era of total digitalization of society. The modern biopsychosocial model of the formation of behavioral addictions, postulating the impact of a large number of biological, psychological, and social factors on addictive behavior formation, may be quite applicable to PSMU. In this narrative review, we discussed neurobiological risk factors for Internet addiction with a focus on current evidence on the association between PSMU and structural/ functional characteristics of the brain and autonomic nervous system, neurochemical correlations, and genetic features. A review of the literature shows that the vast majority of the mentioned neurobiological studies were focused on computer games addiction and generalized Internet addiction (without taking into account the consumed content). Even though a certain number of neuroimaging studies have been conducted for PSMU, there is practically no research on neuropeptide and genetic associations for PSMU to date. This fact points to the extremely high relevance of such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Yu Tereshchenko
- Department of Child's Physical and Mental Health, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
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135
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Guo H, Ge YR, Dong YB, Zhao XC, Su GL, Wang JC. Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on post-stroke depression. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:226-233. [PMID: 37303936 PMCID: PMC10251359 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) in diabetes, the situation may be more complex, requiring simultaneous treatment of blood glucose, depressive symptoms, and neurological dysfunction. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can improve tissue oxygen content and improve the situation of ischemia and hypoxia, thus playing a role in protecting brain cells and restoring the function of brain cells. However, there are few studies on HBO therapy for patients with PSD. This study explores the clinical efficacy of such therapy for stroke complicated with depression and diabetes mellitus, and to provide reference and basis for clinical treatment and development through the application of relevant rating scales and laboratory test indicators.
AIM To evaluate the clinical effects of HBO therapy on patients with diabetes with PSD.
METHODS A total of 190 diabetic patients with PSD were randomly divided into observation and control groups (95 patients per group). The control group received escitalopram oxalate 10mg once a day for eight weeks. In addition, the ob-servation group was also given HBO therapy, once a day, five times a week, for eight weeks. The Montgomery Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), hypersensitive C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and fasting glucose levels were compared.
RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, or depression course between the groups (P > 0.05). After HBO treatment, MADRS scores in both groups decreased significantly (14.3 ± 5.2), and were significantly lower in the control group (18.1 ± 3.5). After HBO treatment, NIHSS scores in both groups decreased significantly, and scores in the observation group (12.2 ± 4.0) decreased more than in the control group (16.1 ± 3.4), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein and TNF-α in both groups were significantly decreased, and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.001). Fasting blood glucose levels in both groups decreased significantly, and those in the observation group decreased more (8.02 ± 1.10) than in the control group (9.26 ± 1.04), with statistical significance (t = -7.994, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION HBO therapy can significantly improve depressive symptoms and neurological dysfunction in patients with PSD, and reduce the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein, TNF-α and fasting blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- Department of Psychology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yi-Ran Ge
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan-Bin Dong
- Department of Psychology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guan-Li Su
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
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136
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Fonseka LN, Woo BKP. Therapeutic role of psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in trauma: A literature review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:182-190. [PMID: 37303932 PMCID: PMC10251361 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the Food and Drug Administration designation in 2017 of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a breakthrough therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder and psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression, psychedelic drugs have continued to garner the attention of researchers and clinicians for their promise of unmatched, rapid improvement in a multitude of psychiatric conditions. Classic psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca, as well as non-classic drugs such as MDMA and ketamine, are currently being investigated for a potential therapeutic role in trauma, depressive disorders, and other psychopathologies. However, psilocybin and MDMA each have a functional profile well-suited for integration with psychotherapy. The present review focuses on psilocybin and MDMA in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), as these studies compose most of the literature pool. In this review, we discuss the current and future uses of psychedelic drugs, with an emphasis on the role of MDMA and psilocybin in PAT in the setting of trauma and related comorbidities on the efficacy of psychedelic drugs across multiple psychiatric disorders. The article concludes with thoughts for future research, such as incorporating wearables and standardization of symptom scales, therapy styles, and assessment of adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshan N Fonseka
- Harvard South Shore-Psychiatry Residency Program, Veteran Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA 02301, United States
| | - Benjamin KP Woo
- Chinese American Health Promotion Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Olive View - University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Sylmar, CA 91342, United States
- Asian American Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
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137
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Zhong XL, Sheng DL, Cheng TZ, Zhang ZW. Effect of exercise prescription teaching on exercise quality and mental health status of college students. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:191-202. [PMID: 37303933 PMCID: PMC10251364 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The teaching mode of fitness exercise prescriptions for college students in physical education conforms to the scientific principles and rules of fitness, which can adapt to the characteristics of students' individual physiological functions and stimulate their interest in learning.
AIM To analyze the effect of prescribed exercise teaching on the sports quality and mental health of college students.
METHODS The participants of the study were 240 students in our class of 2021, of which 142 were men and 98 were women. The 240 students were randomly divided into an experimental group using the exercise prescription teaching model and a control group using the conventional teaching model. The experimental and control groups were divided into four classes of 30 students each. The teaching activities of the two teaching mode groups were strictly controlled, and the same tests were used before and after the experiment to test the subjects' exercise quality (in-cluding standing long jump, 50 m race, 800 m race, sit-ups, sit-and-reach), physical form (including height, weight, Ketorolai index), cardiopulmonary function (including heart rate, blood pressure, spirometry, 12-min running distance, maximum oxygen intake) and mental health (SCL-90, including somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoia, psychotic symptoms) to understand the effects of the exercise prescription teaching mode on students' physical and mental health status.
RESULTS There were differences in the exercise scores of standing long jump, 50 m, 800 m/1000 m running, sit-ups, and sit-and-reach in the experimental group after the experiment compared with those before the experiment, and the above indices of the experimental group were different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05). There were differences in body weight and Ketorolai index in the experimental group after the experiment compared to those before the experiment, and the indices of the experimental group were also different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05). After the experiment, there were differences in spirometry, 12-min running distance, and maximum oxygen intake in the experimental group compared to those before the experiment, and the indices of the experimental group were also different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05). After the experiment, the indicators of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility in the experimental group were different from those in the pre-experimental group, and the indexes of the experimental group were also different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Exercise prescription teaching can mobilize college students' consciousness, enthusiasm, and initiative; expand personalities; enhance physical fitness and improve their mental health more than the conventional fitness exercise prescription teaching method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Zhong
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Da-Li Sheng
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tong-Zhou Cheng
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhe-Wei Zhang
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
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138
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Gomez R, Chen W, Houghton S. Differences between DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 revisions of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A commentary on implications and opportunities. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:138-143. [PMID: 37303925 PMCID: PMC10251354 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Current ICD-11 descriptions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were recently published online, in the same year as the DSM-5-TR (text revised edition) was released. In this commentary, we compare and contrast the DSM-5/DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 diagnostic criteria, summarize important differences, and underscore their clinical and research implications. Overall, three major differences emerge: (1) The number of diagnostic criteria for inattention (IA), hyperactivity (HY) and impulsivity (IM) symptoms (i.e., DSM-5-TR has nine IA and nine HY/IM symptoms, whereas ICD-11 has eleven IA and eleven HY/IM symptoms); (2) the clarity and standardization of diagnostic thresholds (i.e., the diagnostic thresholds for symptom count in IA and HY/IM domains are explicitly specified in DSM-5-TR, whereas in ICD-11 they are not); and (3) the partitioning of HY and IM symptoms into sub-dimensions (i.e., difference in partitioning HY and IM symptom domains relates to the differences between the current and previous editions of DSM and ICD, and this has important research implications). Currently, no ICD-11 based ADHD rating scales exist and while this absence represents an obstacle for respective research and clinical practice, it also presents opportunities for research development. This article highlights these challenges, possible remedies and novel research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapson Gomez
- School of Science, Psychology, and Sport, Federation University, Melbourne 3806, Australia
| | - Wai Chen
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
| | - Stephen Houghton
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
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139
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Lu WT, Hu PH, Li N, Wang L, Wang R, Wang Z, Song M, Zhao TY, Guo SJ, Huang FF, Liu BF, Ren RJ, Yang L, Lin Q, Xu YH, Jin N, Chen H, Gao YY, Wu ZF, Shi GY, Liu DP, Pan ZQ, Du CC, An CX, Wang XY. Estimated prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of mental disorders in medical students of Hebei Province, China: A cross-sectional study. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:215-225. [PMID: 37303927 PMCID: PMC10251358 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, the identification rate and treatment rate of mental disorders are low, and there are few surveys on the prevalence of mental disorders among college students using diagnostic tools such as Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), so the prevalence and treatment of mental disorders among college students are unclear.
AIM To estimate prevalence of mental disorders among medical students in Hebei Province, and provide guidance for improving their mental health.
METHODS This was a cross-sectional study based on an Internet-based survey. Three levels of medical students in Hebei Province were randomly selected (by cluster sampling) for screening. Using the information network assessment system, the subjects scanned the 2D code with their mobile phones, clicked to sign the informed consent, and answered a scale. A self-designed general status questionnaire was used to collect information about age, gender, ethnicity, grade, and origin of students. The MINI 5.0. was used to investigate mental disorders. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Statistically significant findings were determined using a two-tailed P value of 0.05.
RESULTS A total of 7117 subjects completed the survey between October 11 and November 7, 2021. The estimated prevalence of any mental disorders within 12 mo was 7.4%. Mood disorders were the most common category (4.3%), followed by anxiety disorders (3.9%); 15.0% had been to psychological counseling, while only 5.7% had been to a psychiatric consultation, and only 10% had received drug therapy in the past 12 mo.
CONCLUSION Although the estimated prevalence of mental disorders in medical students is lower than in the general population, the rate of adequate treatment is low. We determined that improving the mental health of medical students is an urgent matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Lu
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pei-Hua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technical Innovation Center, Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Counseling and Mental Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Mei Song
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhao
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shi-Jie Guo
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fan-Fan Huang
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bu-Fan Liu
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Jia Ren
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li Yang
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Quan Lin
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yue-Hang Xu
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Jin
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Gao
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Wu
- Counseling and Mental Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guang-Yu Shi
- Counseling and Mental Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Da-Peng Liu
- Hebei Saitron Information Technology Co., Ltd, Cangzhou 060000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Pan
- Hebei Saitron Information Technology Co., Ltd, Cangzhou 060000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chun-Chao Du
- Hebei Saitron Information Technology Co., Ltd, Cangzhou 060000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Cui-Xia An
- Hebei Technical Innovation Center, Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xue-Yi Wang
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Technical Innovation Center, Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
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Sang PP, Li J, Tan XD, Peng W, Zhou HH, Tian YP, Zhang ML. Associations between Borg’s rating of perceived exertion and changes in urinary organic acid metabolites after outdoor weight-bearing hiking. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:234-246. [PMID: 37303930 PMCID: PMC10251356 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing methods to monitor exercise load and evaluate body fatigue and muscle injury over time in hiking training remains a key problem to be solved. A widely used psycho-physical tool to assess the subjective perception of effort during exercise is Borg’s rating of perceived exertion (BRPE) scale. Data on the relationships and validity of the BRPE compared to objectively assessed metabolic criteria are still lacking, especially urinary organic acid concentrations.
AIM To verify whether the BRPE scale could be used in the prescription of outdoor hiking with weight-bearing and reveal the relationship between the BRPE scale and urinary physiological measures.
METHODS Eighty-nine healthy men (average age: 22 years) were enrolled in a 40 km (6 h) hiking training exercise with a 20 kg load. After training, the BRPE scale (6-20) was completed. All participants were divided into three groups according to the rating of the BRPE scale. Urine samples were collected before and after training. Urinary myoglobin levels were measured immediately using the fluorescent immunoassay method. The remaining urine was subpacked and frozen for the subsequent detection of urinary organic acids using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.
RESULTS The contents of organic acids and myoglobin in urine were significantly increased after participants hiked 40 km (6 h) with a 20 kg load. Only orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis performed well in separating the group with a BRPE score of 6-12 from the group with a BRPE score of 13-20. Significant differences in the urine levels of several organic acids were observed between the two groups, and the heatmap also presented different metabolic profiles based on BRPE. According to the standard of a variable importance in the projection > 1, fold change > 1.5 and P < 0.05, 19 different metabolites of urinary organic acids were screened and enriched in pathways mainly including the citrate cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) and alanine, aspartate and glucose metabolism.
CONCLUSION The BRPE scale identified significantly different urinary organic acid profiles between the higher and lower BRPE value groups, and, thus, could be used to monitor body fatigue in individuals participating in long-distance outdoor hiking with weight bearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Sang
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jin Li
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xu-Dong Tan
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hong-Hui Zhou
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ya-Ping Tian
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Man-Li Zhang
- Birth Defect Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medicine Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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141
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Ungvari GS, Caroff SN, Csihi L, Gazdag G. Catatonia: “Fluctuat nec mergitur”. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:131-137. [PMID: 37303935 PMCID: PMC10251365 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the beginning of the 1900s, the prevalence of catatonia in inpatient samples was reported to be between 19.5% and 50%. From the mid-1900s, most clinicians thought that catatonia was disappearing. Advances in medical sciences, particularly in the field of neurology, may have reduced the incidence of neurological diseases that present with catatonic features or mitigated their severity. More active pharmacological and psychosocial treatment methods may have either eliminated or moderated catatonic phenomena. Moreover, the relatively narrow descriptive features in modern classifications compared with classical texts and ascribing catatonic signs and symptoms to antipsychotic-induced motor symptoms may have contributed to an apparent decline in the incidence of catatonia. The application of catatonia rating scales introduced in the 1990s revealed significantly more symptoms than routine clinical interviews, and within a few years, the notion of the disappearance of catatonia gave way to its un-expected resurgence. Several systematic investigations have found that, on average, 10% of acute psychotic patients present with catatonic features. In this editorial, the changes in the incidence of catatonia and the possible underlying causes are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor S Ungvari
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle 6160, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stanley N Caroff
- Department of Psychiatric Service, Corporal Michael J Cresencz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
- Department of Psychiatric Service, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Levente Csihi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Jahn Ferenc South Pest Hospital, Budapest 1204, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gazdag
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Jahn Ferenc South Pest Hospital, Budapest 1204, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1083, Hungary
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142
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Chbeir S, Carrión V. Resilience by design: How nature, nurture, environment, and microbiome mitigate stress and allostatic load. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:144-159. [PMID: 37303926 PMCID: PMC10251360 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Resilience to psychological stress is defined as adaption to challenging life experiences and not the absence of adverse life events. Determinants of resilience include personality traits, genetic/epigenetic modifications of genes involved in the stress response, cognitive and behavioral flexibility, secure attachment with a caregiver, social and community support systems, nutrition and exercise, and alignment of circadian rhythm to the natural light/dark cycle. Therefore, resilience is a dynamic and flexible process that continually evolves by the intersection of different domains in human’s life; biological, social, and psychological. The objective of this minireview is to summarize the existing knowledge about the multitude factors and molecular alterations that result from resilience to stress response. Given the multiple contributing factors in building resilience, we set out a goal to identify which factors were most supportive of a causal role by the current literature. We focused on resilience-related molecular alterations resulting from mind-body homeostasis in connection with psychosocial and environmental factors. We conclude that there is no one causal factor that differentiates a resilient person from a vulnerable one. Instead, building resilience requires an intricate network of positive experiences and a healthy lifestyle that contribute to a balanced mind-body connection. Therefore, a holistic approach must be adopted in future research on stress response to address the multiple elements that promote resilience and prevent illnesses and psychopathology related to stress allostatic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhad Chbeir
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Victor Carrión
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
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143
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Guerrero-Jiménez M, Ruiz M, Gutiérrez-Rojas L, Jiménez-Muñoz L, Baca-Garcia E, Porras-Segovia A. Use of new technologies for the promotion of physical activity in patients with mental illness: A systematic review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:182-190. [PMID: 37123096 PMCID: PMC10130960 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise is an underutilized tool for the management of mental disorders. New technologies have made a breakthrough in health care, and one of its possible applications (apps) could be that of customizing exercise programs for special populations, such as patients with mental disorders. However, the app of the so-called e-health to mental health care is still limited.
AIM To know the efficacy of apps to promote physical activity in patients with mental disorders.
METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed and Embase databases with the aim of exploring the use of new technologies for the enhancement of physical exercise in patients with a psychiatric illness. Following the selection process, 10 articles were included in the review.
RESULTS The most commonly used devices in this type of intervention are wearable devices and web platforms. Good results in terms of effectiveness and acceptability were obtained in most of the studies.
CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the use of new technologies in mental health represents a feasible strategy with great potential in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Ruiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Laura Jiménez-Muñoz
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Jiménez Díaz, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Monti L, Marconi E, Bocci MG, Kotzalidis GD, Mazza M, Galliani C, Tranquilli S, Vento G, Conti G, Sani G, Antonelli M, Chieffo DPR. COVID-19 pandemic in the intensive care unit: Psychological implications and interventions, a systematic review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:191-217. [PMID: 37123099 PMCID: PMC10130962 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced changes in intensive care units (ICUs) in patient care and health organizations. The pandemic event increased patients’ risk of developing psychological symptoms during and after hospitalisation. These consequences also affected those family members who could not access the hospital. In addition, the initial lack of knowledge about the virus and its management, the climate of fear and uncertainty, the increased workload and the risk of becoming infected and being contagious, had a strong impact on healthcare staff and organizations. This highlighted the importance of interventions aimed at providing psychological support to ICUs, involving patients, their relatives, and the staff; this might involve the reorganisation of the daily routine and rearrangement of ICU staff duties.
AIM To conduct a systematic review of psychological issues in ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic involving patients, their relatives, and ICU staff.
METHODS We investigated the PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov databases and found 65 eligible articles, upon which we commented.
RESULTS Our results point to increased perceived stress and psychological distress in staff, patients and their relatives and increased worry for being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in patients and relatives. Furthermore, promising results were obtained for some psychological programmes aiming at improving psychological measures in all ICU categories.
CONCLUSION As the pandemic limited direct inter-individual interactions, the role of interventions using digital tools and virtual reality is becoming increasingly important. All considered, our results indicate an essential role for psychologists in ICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monti
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Elisa Marconi
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bocci
- UOC Anestesia, Rianimazione, Terapia Intensiva e Tossicologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Georgios Demetrios Kotzalidis
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- NESMOS Department, Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Carolina Galliani
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Tranquilli
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vento
- UOC Neonatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, Del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- UOC Neonatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giorgio Conti
- UOC Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica e Trauma Center Pediatrico, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- UOC Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica e Trauma Center Pediatrico, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- UOC Anestesia, Rianimazione, Terapia Intensiva e Tossicologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
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145
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Badawy AAB, Dawood S, Bano S. Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:141-148. [PMID: 37123095 PMCID: PMC10130957 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin deficiency in major depressive disorder (MDD) has formed the basis of antidepressant drug development and was originally attributed to induction of the major tryptophan (Trp)-degrading enzyme, liver Trp 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), by cortisol, leading to decreased Trp availability to the brain for serotonin synthesis. Subsequently, the serotonin deficiency was proposed to involve induction of the extrahepatic Trp-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) by proinflammatory cytokines, with inflammation being the underlying cause. Recent evidence, however, challenges this latter concept, as not all MDD patients are immune-activated and, when present, inflammation is mild and/or transient. A wide range of antidepressant drugs inhibit the activity of liver TDO and bind specifically to the enzyme, but not to IDO. IDO induction is not a major event in MDD, but, when it occurs, its metabolic consequences may be masked and overridden by upregulation of kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO), the gateway to production of modulators of immune and neuronal functions. KMO appears to be activated in MDD by certain proinflammatory cytokines and antidepressants with anti-inflammatory properties may block this activation. We demonstrate the ability of the antidepressant ketamine to dock (bind) to KMO. The pathophysiology of MDD may be underpinned by both the serotonin deficiency and glutamatergic activation mediated respectively by TDO induction and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Inhibition of TDO and KMO should be the focus of MDD pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla A-B Badawy
- Formerly School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, United Kingdom
| | - Shazia Dawood
- Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Iqra University, Karachi 7580, Pakistan
| | - Samina Bano
- Biochemistry, Karachi University, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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146
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Rohr J, Vahidy FS, Bartek N, Bourassa KA, Nanavaty NR, Antosh DD, Harms KP, Stanley JL, Madan A. Reducing psychiatric illness in the perinatal period: A review and commentary. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:149-160. [PMID: 37123098 PMCID: PMC10130961 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This brief overview highlights the global crisis of perinatal psychiatric illness (PPI). PPI is a major contributor to many adverse pregnancy, childbirth, and childhood development outcomes. It contributes to billions of dollars in spending worldwide each year and has a significant impact on the individual, their family, and their community. It is also highly preventable. Current recommendations for intervention and management of PPI are limited and vary considerably from country to country. Furthermore, there are several significant challenges asso-ciated with implementation of these recommendations. These challenges are magnified in number and consequence among women of color and/or minority populations, who experience persistent and negative health disparities during pregnancy and the postpartum period. This paper aims to provide a broad overview of the current state of recommendations and implementation challenges for PPI and layout a framework for overcoming these challenges. An equity-informed model of care that provides universal intervention for pregnant women may be one solution to address the preventable consequences of PPI on child and maternal health. Uniquely, this model emphasizes the importance of managing and eliminating known barriers to traditional health care models. Culturally and contextually specific challenges must be overcome to fully realize the impact of improved management of PPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rohr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Farhaan S Vahidy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Nicole Bartek
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Katelynn A Bourassa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Namrata R Nanavaty
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Danielle D Antosh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Konrad P Harms
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jennifer L Stanley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Alok Madan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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147
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Şirin Gök M, Çiftçi B. Relationship between perceived social support and post-traumatic growth in coronavirus disease 2019 patients discharged from the hospital. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:171-181. [PMID: 37123100 PMCID: PMC10130958 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected mental health and physical health negatively in some individuals. Examining perceived social support and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in COVID-19 patients could facilitate our understanding of how patients maintain their mental health.
AIM To examine the relationship between the level of perceived social support and PTG in COVID-19 patients discharged from the hospital.
METHODS This descriptive study was carried out between August and September 2022 with patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 in a university hospital in Erzurum and who were discharged at least 3 mo prior to the beginning of the study. The study was completed by 196 patients. Study data were collected face-to-face using a personal information form, multidimensional scale of perceived social support and PTG inventory.
RESULTS The total mean score of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support was 63.82 ± 15.72. The PTG inventory total mean score was 47.77 ± 19.85. In addition, a direct significant correlation was found between perceived social support in COVID-19 patients and PTG.
CONCLUSION The study results showed that perceived social support variables affected PTG significantly. Therefore, it is recommended for healthcare professionals to implement interventions to promote social support from healthcare professionals and the patient’s family and friends. Considering the negative effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is very important and necessary to implement effective public health interventions to promote PTG to reduce mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Şirin Gök
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25000, Turkey
| | - Bahar Çiftçi
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25000, Turkey
- HGF Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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148
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Huang CLC. Underrecognition and un-dertreatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders in physicians: Determinants, challenges, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:131-140. [PMID: 37123097 PMCID: PMC10130963 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical practitioners’ duties are highly stressful and performed in a particularly challenging and competitive work environment. Stress and burnout among physicians have emerged as a worldwide public health problem in recent years. A high level of distress and burnout can lead to clinically significant behavioral health problems, such as stress-related psychiatric disorders. Mounting evidence shows that physicians have higher risks of insomnia, anxiety, and depression than the general population, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. However, the behavioral health problems of these vulnerable healthcare professionals are noteworthy for being underrecognized and undertreated. In this mini-review, we summarize the current progress of studies on the prevalence and determinants of distress and stress-related psychiatric disorders among phy-sicians and their healthcare-seeking behaviors. We discuss future research directions and the clinical approach that may maximize self-awareness and promote prompt and adequate treatment for clinically significant behavioral health problems of physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Lung-Cheng Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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149
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Vesic K, Gavrilovic A, Mijailović NR, Borovcanin MM. Neuroimmune, clinical and treatment challenges in multiple sclerosis-related psychoses. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:161-170. [PMID: 37123101 PMCID: PMC10130959 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, epidemiological and genetic studies have shown an association between autoimmune diseases and psychosis. The question arises whether patients with schizophrenia are more likely to develop multiple sclerosis (MS) later in life. It is well known that the immune system plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of both disorders. Immune disturbances may be similar or very different in terms of different types of immune responses, disturbed myelination, and/or immunogenetic predispositions. A psychotic symptom may be a consequence of the MS diagnosis itself or a separate entity. In this review article, we discussed the timing of onset of psychotic symptoms and MS and whether the use of corticosteroids as therapy for acute relapses in MS is unfairly neglected in patients with psychiatric comorbidities. In addition, we discussed that the anti-inflammatory potential of antipsychotics could be useful and should be considered, especially in the treatment of psychosis that coexists with MS. Autoimmune disorders could precipitate psychotic symptoms, and in this context, autoimmune psychosis must be considered as a persistent symptomatology that requires continuous and specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Gavrilovic
- Department of Neurology, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Nataša R Mijailović
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
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Lin MC, Chang YY, Lee Y, Wang LJ. Tardive sensory syndrome related to lurasidone: A case report. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:126-130. [PMID: 37033893 PMCID: PMC10075022 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i3.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tardive sensory syndrome (TSS) is a subtype of tardive syndrome (TS), and its etiology is still uncertain. Lurasidone is an atypical antipsychotic that has high affinity for dopamine D2- and serotonergic 5HT2A- and 5-HT7-receptors.
CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old woman, previously diagnosed with schizophrenia, and with no history of movement disorders and no sensory paresthesia, had taken lurasidone, initiate dose 40 mg daily then up titration to 120 mg daily, since March 2021, and developed mandibular sensory (pain) paresthesia after 3 mo of administration. After switching from lurasidone to quetiapine, she reported obvious impr-ovement in her mandibular pain.
CONCLUSION It is noteworthy that TSS is a rare subtype of TS, and lurasidone, an atypical antipsychotic, usually has a lower risk of causing TS. In light of the temporal relationship, it is therefore concluded that use of lurasidone might have caused TSS in this patient. We reported this rare case as a reminder that clinicians should adopt a cautious approach when prescribing atypical antipsychotics, so as to prevent TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yee Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
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