101
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Fransgo K, Lin LC, Rho H. Distinct interactions of ericoid mycorrhizae and plant growth-promoting bacteria: impacts on blueberry growth and heat resilience. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2329842. [PMID: 38493504 PMCID: PMC10950280 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2329842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Blueberries confront substantial challenges from climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme heat, necessitating urgent solutions to ensure productivity. We hypothesized that ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ErM) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) would establish symbiotic relationships and increase heat stress tolerance in blueberries. A growth chamber study was designed with low (25/20°C) and high temperature (35/30°C) conditions with micropropagated blueberry plantlets inoculated with ErM, PGPB, and both. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence properties of the leaves were monitored throughout the growth. At harvest, biochemical assays and biomass analysis were performed to evaluate potential oxidative stress induced by elevated temperatures. ErM application boosted root biomass under 25/20°C conditions but did not impact photosynthetic efficiency. In contrast, PGPB demonstrated a dual role: enhancing photosynthetic capacity and reducing stomatal conductance notably under 35/30°C conditions. Moreover, PGPB showcased conflicting effects, reducing oxidative damage under 25/20°C conditions while intensifying it during 47°C heat shock. A significant highlight lies in the opposing effects of ErM and PGPB on root growth and stomatal conductance, signifying their reciprocal influence on blueberry plant behavior, which may lead to increased water uptake or reduced water use. Understanding these complex interactions holds promise for refining sustainable strategies to overcome climate challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb Fransgo
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Chen Lin
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hyungmin Rho
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Alao DO, Abraham SM, Mohammed N, Oduro GD, Farid MA, Roby RM, Oppong C, Cevik AA. Do-not-attempt resuscitation policy reduced in-hospital cardiac arrest rate and the cost of care in a developing country. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2321671. [PMID: 38404044 PMCID: PMC10898264 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2321671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We aim to study the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a Do-Not-Attempt Resuscitation and to determine its impact on the Cost of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. A retrospective study of all adult patients admitted to the hospital from June 2021 to May 2022 who had a Do-Not-Resuscitate order. We abstracted patients' socio-demographics, physiologic parameters, primary diagnosis, and comorbidities from the electronic medical records. We calculated the potential economic cost using the median ICU length of stay for the admitted IHCA patients during the study period. There were 28,866 acute admissions over the study period, and 788 patients had DNR orders. The median (IQR) age was 71 (55-82) years, and 50.3% were males. The most prevalent primary diagnosis was sepsis, 426 (54.3%), and cancer was the most common comorbidity. More than one comorbidities were present in 642 (80%) of the cohort. Of the DNR patients, 492 (62.4%) died, while 296 (37.6%) survived to discharge. Cancer was the primary diagnosis in 65 (22.2%) of those who survived, compared with 154 (31.3%) of those who died (P = 0.002). Over the study period, 153 patients had IHCA and underwent CPR, with an IHCA rate of 5.3 per 1,000 hospital admissions. Without a DNR policy, an additional 492 patients with cardiac arrest would have had CPR, resulting in an IHCA rate of 22.3 per 1000 hospital admissions. Most DNR patients in our setting had sepsis complicated by multiple comorbidities. The DNR policy reduced our IHCA incidence by 76% and prevented unnecessary post-resuscitation ICU care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O. Alao
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Emergency Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Snaha M. Abraham
- Emergency Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nada Mohammed
- Emergency Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - George D. Oduro
- Emergency Department, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Roxanne M. Roby
- Emergency Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chris Oppong
- Emergency Department, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Arif A. Cevik
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Emergency Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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103
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Lehrich BM, Delgado ER. Lipid Nanovesicle Platforms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Precision Medicine Therapeutics: Progress and Perspectives. Organogenesis 2024; 20:2313696. [PMID: 38357804 PMCID: PMC10878025 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2313696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. HCC is highly heterogenous with diverse etiologies leading to different driver mutations potentiating unique tumor immune microenvironments. Current therapeutic options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and combinations, have achieved limited objective response rates for the majority of patients. Thus, a precision medicine approach is needed to tailor specific treatment options for molecular subsets of HCC patients. Lipid nanovesicle platforms, either liposome- (synthetic) or extracellular vesicle (natural)-derived present are improved drug delivery vehicles which may be modified to contain specific cargos for targeting specific tumor sites, with a natural affinity for liver with limited toxicity. This mini-review provides updates on the applications of novel lipid nanovesicle-based therapeutics for HCC precision medicine and the challenges associated with translating this therapeutic subclass from preclinical models to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Lehrich
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evan R. Delgado
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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104
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Wiwanitkit S, Wiwanitkit V. Politics and confidence toward the COVID-19 vaccination: Points to be considered. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2330169. [PMID: 38501434 PMCID: PMC10956620 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2330169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkit
- University Centre for Research & Development Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
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105
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Yan F, Teng Y, Li X, Zhong Y, Li C, Yan F, He X. Hypoxia promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell stemness, migration, and invasion via promoting glycolysis by lactylation of SOX9. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2304161. [PMID: 38226837 PMCID: PMC10793688 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2304161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the deadliest form of malignancy and the most common subtype is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hypoxia is a typical feature of solid tumor microenvironment. In the current study, we clarified the effects of hypoxia on stemness and metastasis and the molecular mechanism. METHODS The biological functions were assessed using the sphere formation assay, Transwell assay, and XF96 extracellular flux analyzer. The protein levels were detected by western blot. The lactylation modification was assessed by western blot and immunoprecipitation. The role of SOX9 in vivo was explored using a xenografted tumor model. RESULTS We observed that hypoxia promoted sphere formation, migration, invasion, glucose consumption, lactate production, glycolysis, and global lactylation. Inhibition of glycolysis suppressed cell stemness, migration, invasion, and lactylation. Moreover, hypoxia increased the levels of SOX9 and lactylation of SOX9, whereas inhibition of glycolysis reversed the increase. Additionally, knockdown of SOX9 abrogated the promotion of cell stemness, migration, and invasion. In tumor-bearing mice, overexpression of SOX9 promoted tumor growth, and inhibition of glycolysis suppressed tumor growth. CONCLUSION Hypoxia induced the lactylation of SOX9 to promote stemness, migration, and invasion via promoting glycolysis. The findings suggested that targeting hypoxia may be an effective way for NSCLC treatment and reveal a new mechanism of hypoxia in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyou Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuejiao Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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106
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Du Q, Zhang M, Gao A, He T, Guo M. Epigenetic silencing ZSCAN23 promotes pancreatic cancer growth by activating Wnt signaling. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2302924. [PMID: 38226836 PMCID: PMC10793710 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2302924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most malignant tumor. Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 23 (ZSCAN23) is a new member of the SCAN domain family. The expression regulation and biological function remain to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the epigenetic regulation and the function of ZSCAN23 in PDAC. ZSCAN23 was methylated in 60.21% (171/284) of PDAC and its expression was regulated by promoter region methylation. The expression of ZSCAN23 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis and G1/S phase arrest. ZSCAN23 suppressed Panc10.05 cell xenograft growth in mice. Mechanistically, ZSCAN23 inhibited Wnt signaling by interacting with myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in pancreatic cancer cells. ZSCAN23 is frequently methylated in PDAC and may serve as a detective marker. ZSCAN23 suppresses PDAC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiai Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Pathology, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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107
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Mahrokhian SH, Tostanoski LH, Vidal SJ, Barouch DH. COVID-19 vaccines: Immune correlates and clinical outcomes. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2324549. [PMID: 38517241 PMCID: PMC10962618 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2324549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe disease due to COVID-19 has declined dramatically as a result of widespread vaccination and natural immunity in the population. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses, the efficacy of the original vaccines has waned and has required vaccine updating and boosting. Nevertheless, hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19 have remained low. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of immune responses that contribute to population immunity and the mechanisms how vaccines attenuate COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shant H. Mahrokhian
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa H. Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel J. Vidal
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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108
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Chen S, Ying Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Yu Y, Huang M, Huang Z, Ou Z, Liao Y, Zhang Y, Liu G, Zhao W, Fu R, Shou Q, Zheng M, Liao X, Tu Y, Stek J, Hartzel J, Li C, Zhang J. A phase 3 randomized, open-label study evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of concomitant and staggered administration of a live, pentavalent rotavirus vaccine and an inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine in healthy infants in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2324538. [PMID: 38509699 PMCID: PMC10962606 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2324538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This open-label, randomized, phase 3 study in China (V260-074; NCT04481191) evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of concomitant and staggered administration of three doses of an oral, live, pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) and three doses of an intramuscular, inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) in 400 healthy infants. The primary objective was the non-inferiority of neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses in the concomitant- versus the staggered-use groups. Antibody responses were measured at baseline and 1-month post-dose 3 (PD3). Parents/legal guardians recorded adverse events for 30 or 15 d after study vaccinations in the concomitant-use or staggered-use groups, respectively. At PD3, >98% of participants seroconverted to all three poliovirus types, and the primary objective was met as lower bounds of the two-sided 95% CI for between-group difference in nAb seroconversion percentages ranged from - 4.3% to - 1.6%, for all poliovirus types, p < .001. At PD3, geometric mean titers (GMTs) of nAb responses to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 in the concomitant-use group and the staggered-use group were comparable; 100% of participants had nAb titers ≥1:8 and ≥1:64 for all poliovirus types. Anti-rotavirus serotype-specific IgA GMTs and participants with ≥3-fold rise in postvaccination titers from baseline were comparable between groups. Administration of RV5 and IPV was well tolerated with comparable safety profiles in both groups. The immunogenicity of IPV in the concomitant-use group was non-inferior to the staggered-use group and RV5 was immunogenic in both groups. No safety concerns were identified. These data support the concomitant use of RV5 and IPV in healthy Chinese infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Chen
- Biological Products Surveillance and Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhifang Ying
- Respiratory Virus Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Division of Hepatitis Virus and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Biological Products Surveillance and Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yebin Yu
- Vaccine Clinical Research Office, Yangchun Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangchun, Guangdong, China
| | - Meilian Huang
- Vaccine Clinical Research Office, Yangchun Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangchun, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuhang Huang
- Biological Products Surveillance and Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ou
- Biological Products Surveillance and Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuyi Liao
- Biological Products Surveillance and Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Division of Hepatitis Virus and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Guixiu Liu
- Clinical Research, MSD Research and Development (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, MSD Research and Development (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, MSD Research and Development (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Shou
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, MSD Research and Development (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Minghuan Zheng
- Clinical Research, MSD Research and Development (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Liao
- Clinical Research, MSD Research and Development (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yingmei Tu
- Infectious Diseases/Vaccines Clinical Research, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Jon Stek
- Infectious Diseases/Vaccines Clinical Research, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Jonathan Hartzel
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Changgui Li
- Institute for Control of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jikai Zhang
- Directors Office, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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109
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Yuan Y, Shi J, Sun W, Kong X. The positive association between the atherogenic index of plasma and the risk of new-onset hypertension: a nationwide cohort study in China. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2303999. [PMID: 38264971 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2303999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel metabolic biomarker of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the association between the AIP and new-onset hypertension has not been elucidated in the Chinese population. METHODS Prospective data were obtained from 3150 participants aged ≥ 18 years in the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 2009 to 2015. The AIP is a logarithmically transformed ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in molar concentration. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the association of AIP index with new-onset hypertension. RESULTS After the six-year follow-up, 1054 (33.4%) participants developed new-onset hypertension. The participants were divided into AIP quartile groups (Q1-Q4). Compared with those in Q1, subjects in Q3-4 had nearly 1.35 times the risk of new-onset hypertension after full adjustment [Q3: hazard ratio (HR): 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-1.62; Q4: HR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13-1.64]. The risks of new-onset hypertension were nearly 1.30 times higher in subjects in Q2-4 than in subjects in Q1 (p < .01) after the full adjustment when we excluded subjects with diabetes and/or chronic kidney diseases. There was a significant difference [HR (CI): 1.27 (1.04-1.54) vs. 0.90 (0.69-1.18)] when subjects were divided into two groups according to body mass index (BMI) level (<24 vs. ≥24 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that individuals with a higher AIP index are associated with new-onset hypertension, independent of kidney function and glucose levels. The association was stronger in subjects with normal BMI, which may provide early screening of metabolomics in hypertension prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Jahan F, Shuchi NS, Shoab AK, Alam MU, Bashar SMK, Islam K, Jahan H, Hasan M, Alam MM, Rahman M. Changes in the menstrual hygiene management facilities and usage among Bangladeshi school girls and its effect on school absenteeism from 2014 to 2018. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2297512. [PMID: 38230656 PMCID: PMC10795776 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2023.2297512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of menstrual hygiene management (MHM) information and facilities in schools is a major contributor to adolescent girls' school absenteeism in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. OBJECTIVES This paper examines the changes over time in school MHM facilities, knowledge and perceptions among adolescent girls, in relation to school absenteeism between 2014 and 2018 in Bangladesh. METHODS We examined changes in MHM and school absenteeism among schoolgirls using nationally representative data from the Bangladesh National Hygiene Baseline Survey 2014 and National Hygiene Survey 2018. Given the repetitive nature of our data and its clustering within participants, our method included performing descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) modelling to analyse these changes. RESULTS Results showed that adolescent girls' menstruation-related absenteeism decreased between 2014 and 2018. Percentage of adolescents who missed school decreased from 25% to 14% (PD: -11; CI: -16 to -6.1), while the average number of missed days reduced from 2.8 to 2.5 (PD: -0.33; CI: -0.57 to -0.10). In the GEE model, we found that living in rural areas (coef: -5.6; CI: -10.06 to -1.14), parental restrictions on going outside (coef: 4.47; CI: 0.75 to 8.2), education levels of girls (coef: -9.48; CI: -14.17 to -4.79), girl's belief that menstruation affects school performance (coef: 23.32; CI: 19.71 to 26.93), and using old cloths (coef: -4.2; CI: -7.6 to -0.79) were significantly associated with higher absenteeism. However, participant's age, type of school, knowledge of menstruation before menarche, receiving information regarding MHM, separate place for changing absorbents, and separate latrine and urine facility were not significantly associated with the changes in absenteeism over time. CONCLUSION This paper emphasised the associations between changes in school absenteeism, parental restrictions on students, students' education levels, and menstruation-related misperceptions. Ongoing research, policy reviews, and targeted interventions to improve MHM perceptions among girls are required to provide long-term benefits for adolescent girls in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farjana Jahan
- Environmental Health and WASH, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Noshin Sayiara Shuchi
- Environmental Health and WASH, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Kasham Shoab
- Environmental Health and WASH, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbub-Ul Alam
- Environmental Health and WASH, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sk. Md. Kamrul Bashar
- Environmental Health and WASH, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Khairul Islam
- WaterAid, South Asia Region Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasin Jahan
- WaterAid, South Asia Region Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahadi Hasan
- WaterAid, South Asia Region Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Masud Alam
- Demography and Health Wing, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Environmental Health and WASH, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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111
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O’Neill BF, Boeckman C, LeRoy K, Linderblood C, Olson T, Woods R, Challender M. An environmental risk assessment of IPD079Ea: a protein derived from Ophioglossum pendulum with activity against Diabrotica spp.In maize. GM Crops Food 2024; 15:15-31. [PMID: 38238889 PMCID: PMC10802193 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2023.2299503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Farmers in North America face significant pressure from insects in their maize fields, particularly from corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.). Research into proteins capable of insecticidal activity has found several produced by ferns. One protein, IPD079Ea, was derived from Ophioglossum pendulum and has shown activity against corn rootworm. An environmental risk assessment was conducted for maize event DP-915635-4, which provides control of corn rootworms via expression of the IPD079Ea protein. This assessment focused on IPD079Ea and characterized potential exposure and hazard to non-target organisms (NTOs). For exposure, estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) were calculated. For hazard, laboratory dietary toxicity studies were conducted with IPD079Ea and surrogate non-target organisms. Environmental risk was characterized by comparing hazard and exposure to calculate the margin of exposure (MOE). Based on the MOE values for DP-915635-4 maize, the IPD079Ea protein is not expected to result in unreasonable adverse effects on beneficial NTO populations at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget F. O’Neill
- Corteva Agriscience™, Regulatory and Stewardship institution, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chad Boeckman
- Corteva Agriscience™, Regulatory and Stewardship, Johnston, IA, USA
| | - Kristine LeRoy
- Corteva Agriscience™, Regulatory and Stewardship, Johnston, IA, USA
| | | | - Taylor Olson
- Corteva Agriscience™, Regulatory and Stewardship, Johnston, IA, USA
| | - Rachel Woods
- Corteva Agriscience™, Regulatory and Stewardship, Johnston, IA, USA
| | - Mary Challender
- Corteva Agriscience™, Regulatory and Stewardship, Johnston, IA, USA
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Bathish Y, Tuvia N, Eshel E, Tal Lange T, Sigrid Eberhardt C, Edelstein M, Abu-Jabal K. B and T cell responses to the 3rd and 4th dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in dialysis patients. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2292376. [PMID: 38191151 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2292376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients on dialysis (PoD) are at high risk of severe morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Characterizing long-term vaccine immune responses in these patients will help optimize vaccine schedule for PoD. This study aimed to determine whether long-term humoral and B and T cell-responses post 3rd and 4th dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine differed between PoD and controls. Non-infected PoD and controls vaccinated with BNT162b2 were recruited in Ziv Medical Center, Israel, between 2021 and 2022. Specimens were collected 1-2 months pre 3rd dose; 1-3 months post 3rd dose; 4-5 months post 3rd dose and 3-5 months post the 4th dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (spike) specific antibodies, spike specific memory B cells, and spike specific CD154+ T cells as well as cytokines producing CD4+/CD8+ T cells were measured using standardized assays and compared between PoD and controls at each time point using Mann Whitney and Fisher's exact tests. We recruited 22 PoD and 20 controls. Antibody levels in PoD were lower compared to controls pre 3rd dose but not post 3rd and 4th doses. Frequencies of spike specific memory B cell populations were similar between PoD and controls overall. Frequencies of spike specific T cells, including those producing IFNγ and TNFα, were not lower in PoD. B and T cell mediated immune response in PoD following a 3rd and a 4th dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine was not inferior to controls up to 5 months post vaccination. Our results suggest that standard BNT162b2 vaccination is suitable for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Bathish
- Ziv Medcal Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Christiane Sigrid Eberhardt
- Department for Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Vaccinology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Vaccinology and Neonatal Immunology, Department of Pathology-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael Edelstein
- Ziv Medcal Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Kamal Abu-Jabal
- Ziv Medcal Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Niu XB, Li YP, Wang J, Mei XL, Zhao XY, Liu TT, Xu SS, Han XM, Cheng JL. Diagnostic value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for predicting the pathological grade of prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2287120. [PMID: 38117551 PMCID: PMC10761109 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2287120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of relevant parameters of 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 PET/CT in predicting the pathological grade of primary prostate cancer. Briefly, a prospective analysis was performed on 53 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by systematic puncture biopsy, followed by 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examination prior to treatment within 10 d. The patients were grouped in accordance with the Gleason grading system revised by the International Association of Urology Pathology (ISUP). They were divided into high-grade group (ISUP 4-5 group) and low-grade group (ISUP 1-3 group). The differences in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), intraprostatic PSMA-derived tumor volume (iPSMA-TV), and intraprostatic total lesion PSMA (iTL-PSMA) between the high- and low-grade group were statistically significant (p < .001). No significant difference was found for mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) between the high- and low-grade groups (Z = -1.131, p = .258). Besides, binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only iPSMA-TV and iTL-PSMA were independent predictors of the pathological grading, for which the odds ratios were 18.821 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.040-173.614, p = .010] and 0.758 (95% CI: 0.613-0.938, p = .011), respectively. The area under the ROC of this regression model was 0.983 (95% CI: 0.958-1.00, p < .001). Only iTL-PSMA was a significant parameter for distinguishing ISUP-4 and ISUP-5 groups (Z = -2.043, p = .041). In a nutshell, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT has good application value in predicting the histopathological grade of primary prostate cancer. Three-dimensional volume metabolism parameters iPSMA-TV and iTL-PSMA were found to be independent predictors for pathological grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Niu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Peng Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Mei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha-Sha Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Min Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Liang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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Cambaco O, Cossa H, Farnham A, Macete E, Winkler MS, Gross K, Munguambe K. Applying the photovoice method with adolescents in mining areas in rural Mozambique: critical reflections and lessons learned. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2305506. [PMID: 38323354 PMCID: PMC10851835 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2305506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a recognised need for innovative methods to elicit the perspective of adolescents on public health issues, particularly when addressing sensitive topics such as the impact of mining projects on their health. Participatory approaches such as "photovoice" allow for deep engagement of vulnerable and marginalised populations, including adolescents. However, few existing studies have used the photovoice method to reflect on issues related to the environment and its impact on public health. To date, no studies have been found that have used photovoice to gain insight into adolescents' perspectives in mining areas. In this paper, we discuss the application of the photovoice method to understand adolescents' perceptions about the impact of mining on their health and well-being in rural areas in Mozambique. The study was conducted in northern and central Mozambique. Photovoice was successfully integrated into eight focus group discussions with adolescent girls and boys aged 15 to 17 years. Several lessons for guiding future research were learned. First, it provided an understanding of the perceived impacts of mining on their health and well-being. Second, photovoice promoted active engagement and interest in the study by the adolescents. Finally, compared to its ability to capture perceptions of physical and environmental aspects affecting adolescents' well-being, the method was less straightforward in revealing their concerns regarding social, relational and community aspects that are less tangible. Programs can make use of photovoice to address health issues without setting adolescents' views and priorities aside, allowing them to influence health decisions on issues that are meaningful to them. Future studies should explore strategies to minimise the role of the power dynamics that affect the engagement and contribution of adolescents in advocating for necessary and meaningful changes. Additionally, it is important to investigate how health programs and policies can help to reduce the impact of existing inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Cambaco
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Population Studies Unit, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Hermínio Cossa
- Population Studies Unit, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Andrea Farnham
- Department of Public Health & Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eusébio Macete
- Population Studies Unit, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mirko S. Winkler
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karin Gross
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khátia Munguambe
- Population Studies Unit, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
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Ovitsh RK, Gupta S, Kusnoor A, Jackson JM, Roussel D, Mooney CJ, Pinto-Powell R, Appel JL, Mhaskar R, Gold J. Minding the gap: towards a shared clinical reasoning lexicon across the pre-clerkship/clerkship transition. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2307715. [PMID: 38320116 PMCID: PMC10848998 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2307715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Teaching and learning of clinical reasoning are core principles of medical education. However, little guidance exists for faculty leaders to navigate curricular transitions between pre-clerkship and clerkship curricular phases. This study compares how educational leaders in these two phases understand clinical reasoning instruction. Previously reported cross-sectional surveys of pre-clerkship clinical skills course directors, and clerkship leaders were compared. Comparisons focused on perceived importance of a number of core clinical reasoning concepts, barriers to clinical reasoning instruction, level of familiarity across the undergraduate medical curriculum, and inclusion of clinical reasoning instruction in each area of the curriculum. Analyses were performed using the Mann Whitney U test. Both sets of leaders rated lack of curricular time as the largest barrier to teaching clinical reasoning. Clerkship leaders also noted a lack of faculty with skills to teach clinical reasoning concepts as a significant barrier (p < 0.02), while pre-clerkship leaders were more likely to perceive that these concepts were too advanced for their students (p < 0.001). Pre-clerkship leaders reported a higher level of familiarity with the clerkship curriculum than clerkship leaders reported of the pre-clerkship curriculum (p < 0.001). As faculty transition students from the pre-clerkship to the clerkship phase, a shared understanding of what is taught and when, accompanied by successful faculty development, may aid the development of longitudinal, milestone-based clinical reasoning instruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin K. Ovitsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Downstate Health Sciences University College of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Shanu Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Anita Kusnoor
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Danielle Roussel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Christopher J. Mooney
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Roshini Pinto-Powell
- Department of Medicine and Medical Education, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Joel L. Appel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rahul Mhaskar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Gold
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Omar A, Gul I, Ali I. Exploring vaccine hesitancy and acceptance in the general population of Pakistan: Insights into COVID-19-related distress, risk perception, and stigma. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2309699. [PMID: 38310646 PMCID: PMC10841009 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2309699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused several impacts. Focusing on 360 participants (178 males, 182 females), this study explored the association between COVID-19 related distress, risk perception, stigma, and vaccine hesitancy and acceptance in the general population. Measures used included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and COVID Stress Scale (CSS) to evaluate anxiety, depression, and COVID-19 related distress, the COVID-19 Risk Perception Scale and COVID-19 Stigma Discrimination Scale to assess risk perception and stigma, and the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale and Vaccine Acceptance Instrument to measure vaccine hesitancy and acceptance. The findings revealed that 66.9% of participants exhibited vaccine hesitancy, and stress and risk perception were significant predictors of both vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, even after controlling for demographic factors. This study highlights the importance of understanding the factors mentioned above that will contribute to vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, which will contribute to promoting vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Omar
- Behavioral Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Iram Gul
- Behavioral Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Inayat Ali
- Department of Public Health and Allied Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Anthropology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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117
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Lu J, Li Z, Yang Y, Wei F. Chronic exercise improves renal AT 1 and ETB receptor functions via modulating GRK4 expression in obese Zucker rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2323532. [PMID: 38471134 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2323532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity has profound benefits on health, especially in patients with cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Exercise training can reduce oxidative stress, improve renal function, and thus lower blood pressure. However, the effect of exercise training on angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) and endothelin subtype B receptors (ETBR)-mediated diuresis and natriuresis in obese Zucker rats is unclear. METHODS Lean and obese Zucker rats were exercised or placed on a nonmoving treadmill for 8 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography, and functions of AT1R and ETBR in the kidney were measured by natriuresis, respectively. RESULTS Our data showed that exercise training improved glucose and lipid metabolism, renal function and sodium excretion in obese Zucker rats, accompanied by decreased oxidative stress and GRK4 expression in obese Zucker rats. Moreover, exercise training reduced the Candesartan-induced an increase in diuresis and natriuresis and increased ETBR agonists (BQ3020)-mediated diuresis and natriuresis in obese Zucker rats, which were associated with decreased renal AT1R expression and ETBR phosphorylation levels. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that exercise training lowers blood pressure via improving renal AT1R and ETBR function through modulating GRK4 expression in Obese Zucker Rats and provides potentially effective targets for obesity-related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengsheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Fangning Wei
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Isonne C, Iera J, Sciurti A, Renzi E, De Blasiis MR, Marzuillo C, Villari P, Baccolini V. How well does vaccine literacy predict intention to vaccinate and vaccination status? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2300848. [PMID: 38174706 PMCID: PMC10773666 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This review quantified the association of vaccine literacy (VL) and vaccination intention and status. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Any study, published until December 2022, that investigated the associations of interest were eligible. For each outcome, articles were grouped according to the vaccine administrated and results were narratively synthesized. Inverse-variance random-effect models were used to compare standardized mean values in VL domain(s) between the two groups: individuals willing vs. unwilling to get vaccinated, and individuals vaccinated vs. unvaccinated. This review of 18 studies shows that VL strongly predicts the vaccination intention while its association with vaccination status is attenuated and barely significant, suggesting that other factors influence the actual vaccination uptake. However, given the scarce evidence available, the heterogeneity in the methods applied and some limitations of the studies included, further research should be conducted to confirm the role of VL in the vaccination decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Isonne
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Iera
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Sciurti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Renzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carolina Marzuillo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Baccolini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Meepagala KM, Anderson CM, Techen N, Duke SO. Pantoea ananatis, a plant growth stimulating bacterium, and its metabolites isolated from Hydrocotyle umbellata (dollarweed). Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2331894. [PMID: 38516998 PMCID: PMC10962587 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2331894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A bacterium growing on infected leaves of Hydrocotyle umbellata, commonly known as dollarweed, was isolated and identified as Pantoea ananatis. An ethyl acetate extract of tryptic soy broth (TSB) liquid culture filtrate of the bacterium was subjected to silica gel chromatography to isolate bioactive molecules. Indole was isolated as the major compound that gave a distinct, foul odor to the extract, together with phenethyl alcohol, phenol, tryptophol, N-acyl-homoserine lactone, 3-(methylthio)-1-propanol, cyclo(L-pro-L-tyr), and cyclo(dehydroAla-L-Leu). This is the first report of the isolation of cyclo(dehydroAla-L-Leu) from a Pantoea species. Even though tryptophol is an intermediate in the indoleacetic acid (IAA) pathway, we were unable to detect or isolate IAA. We investigated the effect of P. ananatis inoculum on the growth of plants. Treatment of Lemna paucicostata Hegelm plants with 4 × 109 colony forming units of P. ananatis stimulated their growth by ca. five-fold after 13 days. After 13 days of treatment, some control plants were browning, but treated plants were greener and no plants were browning. The growth of both Cucumis sativus (cucumber) and Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) plants was increased by ca. 20 to 40%, depending on the growth parameter and species, when the rhizosphere was treated with the bacterium after germination at the same concentration. Plant growth promotion by Pantoea ananatis could be due to the provision of the IAA precursor indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumudini M. Meepagala
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, USA
| | - Caleb M. Anderson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Natascha Techen
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, USA
| | - Stephen O. Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, USA
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Wiwanitkit S, Wiwanitkit V. Ethical concerns regarding heterologous COVID-19 vaccine administration. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2313250. [PMID: 38353267 PMCID: PMC10878430 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2313250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkit
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University India
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Hu Y, Tian C, Song S, Li R. Insights on the enhancement of chilling tolerance in Rice through over-expression and knock-out studies of OsRBCS3. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2318514. [PMID: 38375792 PMCID: PMC10880504 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2318514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Chilling stress is an important environmental factor that affects rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and yield, and the booting stage is the most sensitive stage of rice to chilling stress. In this study, we focused on OsRBCS3, a rice gene related to chilling tolerance at the booting stage, which encodes the key enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) small subunit in photosynthesis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role and mechanism of OsRBCS3 in rice chilling tolerance at the booting stage. The expression levels of OsRBCS3 under chilling stress were compared in two japonica rice cultivars with different chilling tolerances: Kongyu131 (KY131) and Longjing11 (LJ11). A positive correlation was found between OsRBCS3 expression and chilling tolerance. Over-expression (OE) and knock-out (KO) lines of OsRBCS3 were constructed using over-expression and CRISPR/Cas9 technology, respectively, and their chilling tolerance was evaluated at the seedling and booting stages. The results showed that OE lines exhibited higher chilling tolerance than wild-type (WT) lines at both seedling and booting stages, while KO lines showed lower chilling tolerance than WT lines. Furthermore, the antioxidant enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and Rubisco activity of four rice lines under chilling stress were measured, and it was found that OE lines had stronger antioxidant and photosynthetic capacities, while KO lines had the opposite effects. This study validated that OsRBCS3 plays an important role in rice chilling tolerance at the booting stage, providing new molecular tools and a theoretical basis for rice chilling tolerance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Hu
- Rice Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chongbing Tian
- Rice Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Shiyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongtian Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
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Serhan M, Psihogios A, Kabir N, Bota AB, Mithani SS, Smith DP, Zhu DT, Greyson D, Wilson S, Fell D, Top KA, Bettinger JA, Wilson K. A scoping review of active, participant centred, digital adverse events following immunization (AEFI) surveillance of WHO approved COVID-19 vaccines: A Canadian immunization Research Network study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2293550. [PMID: 38374618 PMCID: PMC10880498 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2293550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This scoping review examines the role of digital solutions in active, participant-centered surveillance of adverse events following initial release of COVID-19 vaccines. The goals of this paper were to examine the existing literature surrounding digital solutions and technology used for active, participant centered, AEFI surveillance of novel COVID-19 vaccines approved by WHO. This paper also aimed to identify gaps in literature surrounding digital, active, participant centered AEFI surveillance systems and to identify and describe the core components of active, participant centered, digital surveillance systems being used for post-market AEFI surveillance of WHO approved COVID-19 vaccines, with a focus on the digital solutions and technology being used, the type of AEFI detected, and the populations under surveillance. The findings highlight the need for customized surveillance systems based on local contexts and the lessons learned to improve future vaccine monitoring and pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Serhan
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Athanasios Psihogios
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nooh Kabir
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A. Brianne Bota
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Salima S. Mithani
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David P. Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David T. Zhu
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Devon Greyson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sarah Wilson
- Health Protection, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Populations & Public Health Research Program, ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deshayne Fell
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karina A. Top
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Julie A. Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kumanan Wilson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Wang H, Koob T, Fromm JR, Gopal A, Carter D, Lieber A. CD46 and CD59 inhibitors enhance complement-dependent cytotoxicity of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies daratumumab and isatuximab in multiple myeloma and other B-cell malignancy cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2314322. [PMID: 38361357 PMCID: PMC10877974 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2314322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of the B-cell lineage. Remarkable progress has been made in the treatment of MM with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies such as daratumumab and isatuximab, which can kill MM cells by inducing complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). We showed that the CDC efficacy of daratumumab and isatuximab is limited by membrane complement inhibitors, including CD46 and CD59, which are upregulated in MM cells. We recently developed a small recombinant protein, Ad35K++, which is capable of transiently removing CD46 from the cell surface. We also produced a peptide inhibitor of CD59 (rILYd4). In this study, we tested Ad35K++ and rILYd4 in combination with daratumumab and isatuximab in MM cells as well as in cells from two other B-cell malignancies. We showed that Ad35K++ and rILYd4 increased CDC triggered by daratumumab and isatuximab. The combination of both inhibitors had an additive effect in vitro in primary MM cells as well as in vivo in a mouse xenograft model of MM. Daratumumab and isatuximab treatment of MM lines (without Ad35K++ or rILYd4) resulted in the upregulation of CD46/CD59 and/or survival of CD46high/CD59high MM cells that escaped the second round of daratumumab and isatuximab treatment. The escape in the second treatment cycle was prevented by the pretreatment of cells with Ad35K++. Overall, our data demonstrate that Ad35K++ and rILYd4 are efficient co-therapeutics of daratumumab and isatuximab, specifically in multi-cycle treatment regimens, and could be used to improve treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theo Koob
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Fromm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ajay Gopal
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Darrick Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - André Lieber
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- R&D, Compliment Corp, Seattle, WA, USA
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Xu B, Yang L, Yang L, Al-Maamari A, Zhang J, Song H, Wang M, Su S, Song Z. Role of glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase in breast cancer doxorubicin sensitivity. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2321767. [PMID: 38417050 PMCID: PMC10903679 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2321767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective and widely used chemotherapeutic drugs. However, DOX resistance is a critical risk problem for breast cancer treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated that metadherin (MTDH) involves in DOX resistance in breast cancer, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase (QPCT) was a MTDH DOX resistance-related downstream gene in breast cancer. Elevated expression of QPCT was found in the GEPIA database, breast cancer tissue, and breast cancer cells. Clinical data showed that QPCT expression was positively associated with poor prognosis in DOX-treated patients. Overexpression of QPCT could promote the proliferation, invasion and migration, and reduce DOX sensitivity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Mechanistically, MTDH positively regulates the expressions of NF-κB (p65) and QPCT, and NF-κB (p65) directly regulates the expression of QPCT. Therefore, MTDH/NF-κB (p65)/QPCT signal axis was proposed. Collectively, our findings delineate the mechanism by which the MTDH/NF-κB (p65) axis regulate QPCT signaling and suggest that this complex may play an essential role in breast cancer progression and affect DOX sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lixian Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Ahmed Al-Maamari
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Heng Song
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Suwen Su
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenchuan Song
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Zhu Z, Geng Y, Ma L, Yao K, Chang R, Ma Y, Li J. Association between CBS gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2328147. [PMID: 38488417 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2328147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies indicate that the cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region may be correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to provide a comprehensive estimate of these associations. METHODS On the basis of searches in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP, and CNKI databases, we selected 14 case - control studies including 2123 cases and 2368 controls for this meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated accordingly using a fixed-effect or random-effect model. RESULTS The results indicated an increased risk between the CBS T833C gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to CAD under the dominant model (CC+CT vs. TT: OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11 ~ 3.32), recessive model (CC vs. CT+TT: OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.17 ~ 3.03), and homozygous model (CC vs. TT: OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 ~ 5.83). In these three genetic models, no significant association was identified for CBS G919A (AA+AG vs. GG: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.45 ~ 4.82),(AA vs. AG+GG: OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.93 ~ 2.70),(AA vs. GG: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.40 ~ 6.92) or CBS 844ins68 (II+ID vs. DD: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.80 ~ 1.35),(II vs. ID+DD: OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.36),(II vs. DD: OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.39). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the CBS T833C gene polymorphism is significantly associated with the risk of CAD and it shows a stronger association in Asian populations. Individuals with the C allele of the CBS gene T833C polymorphism might be particularly susceptible to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Zhu
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keying Yao
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruitong Chang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongming Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialong Li
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
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126
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Ou QL, Chang YL, Liu JH, Yan HX, Chen LZ, Guo DY, Zhang SF. Mapping the intellectual structure and landscape of colorectal cancer immunotherapy: A bibliometric analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2323861. [PMID: 38497584 PMCID: PMC10950274 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2323861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) therapy, stands as an innovative therapeutic approach currently garnering substantial attention in cancer treatment. It has become a focal point of numerous studies, showcasing significant potential in treating malignancies, including lung cancer and melanoma. The objective of this research is to analyze publications regarding immunotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), investigating their attributes and identifying the current areas of interest and cutting-edge advancements. We took into account the publications from 2002 to 2022 included in the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R-bibliometrix, and Microsoft Excel. The quantity of publications associated with this domain has been steadily rising over the years, encompassing 3753 articles and 1498 reviews originating from 573 countries and regions, involving 19,166 institutions, 1011 journals, and 32,301 authors. In this field, China, the United States, and Italy are the main countries that come forward for publishing. The journal with the greatest impact factor is CA-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. Romain Cohen leads in the number of publications, while Le Dt stands out as the most influential author. The immune microenvironment and immune infiltration are emerging as key hotspots and future research directions in this domain. This research carries out an extensive bibliometric examination of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer, aiding researchers in understanding current focal points, investigating possible avenues for research, and recognizing forthcoming development trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ling Ou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Long Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Hui Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hai Xia Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Zi Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duan Yang Guo
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si Fang Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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127
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Liu S, Chen X, Zhang L, Lu B. CPT1A mediates the succinylation of SP5 which activates transcription of PDPK1 to promote the viability and glycolysis of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2329372. [PMID: 38494680 PMCID: PMC10950282 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2329372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinylation modification involves in the progression of human cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the role of CPT1A, which is a succinyltransferase in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). CCK-8 was used to detect the cell viability. Seahorse was performed to evaluate the cell glycolysis. Luciferase assay was used to detect the transcriptional regulation. ChIP was performed to assess the binding between transcriptional factors with the promoters. Co-IP was used to assess the binding between proteins. We found that CPT1A was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cell lines. Silencing of CPT1A inhibited the viability and glycolysis of PCa cells. Mechanistically, CPT1A promoted the succinylation of SP5, which strengthened the binding between SP5 and the promoter of PDPK1. SP5 activated PDPK1 transcription and PDPK1 activated the AKT/mTOR signal pathway. These findings might provide novel targets for the diagnosis or therapy of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Liu
- Medical Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Urology Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Liqi Zhang
- Laboratory Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Lu
- Laboratory Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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128
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Ouyang L, Lei G, Gong Y. Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2326316. [PMID: 38466197 PMCID: PMC10936597 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis and compare the humoral and cellular immune responses following complete COVID-19 vaccination between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1 January 2020 to 22 August 2023. Sixteen studies with 2127 cirrhosis patients were included. The pooled seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis following complete COVID-19 vaccination was 92.4% (95% CI, 86.2%-96%, I2 = 90%) with significant between-study heterogeneity. Moreover, COVID-19 vaccination elicited a higher humoral immune response in patients of compensated cirrhosis as compared with decompensated cirrhosis (RR = 1.069, 95% CI, 1.011-1.131, I2 = 17%, p = .019). Additionally, 10 studies were included for comparison analysis of seroconversion rate between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. The results showed that the seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis was slightly lower compared with healthy controls (RR = 0.972, 95% CI, 0.955-0.989, I2 = 66%, p = .001). Meanwhile, the pooled RR of cellular immune response rate for cirrhosis patients vs. healthy controls was 0.678 (95% CI, 0.563-0.817, I2 = 0, p < .0001). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that COVID-19 vaccination elicited diminished humoral and cellular immune responses in patients of cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis particularly decompensated cirrhosis who have completed full-doses of COVID-19 vaccination should receive continuous attention and preemptive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Ouyang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Lei
- Department of Obstetric, Centre Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeli Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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Long S, Xie W, Zhao W, Liu D, Wang P, Zhao L. Effects of acid and aluminum stress on seed germination and physiological characteristics of seedling growth in Sophora davidii. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2328891. [PMID: 38506438 PMCID: PMC10956626 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2328891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Sophora davidii, a vital forage species, predominantly thrives in the subtropical karst mountains of Southwest China. Its resilience to poor soil conditions and arid environments renders it an ideal pioneer species for ecological restoration in these regions. This study investigates the influence of acidic, aluminum-rich local soil on the germination and seedling growth physiology of S. davidii. Experiments were conducted under varying degrees of acidity and aluminum stress, employing three pH levels (3.5 to 5.5) and four aluminum concentrations (0.5 to 2.0 mmol·L-1). The results showed that germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of S. davidii seeds were decreased but not significantly under slightly acidic conditions (pH 4.5-5.5), while strong acid (pH = 3.5) significantly inhibited the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of white spurge seeds compared with the control group. Aluminum stress (≥0.5 mmol·L-1) significantly inhibited the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of S. davidii seed. Moreover, the seedlings' root systems were sensitive to the changes of aluminum concentration, evident from significant root growth inhibition, characterized by root shortening and color deepening. Notably, under aluminum stress (pH = 4.3), the levels of malondialdehyde and proline in S. davidii escalated with increasing aluminum concentration, while antioxidant enzyme activities demonstrated an initial increase followed by a decline. The study underscores the pivotal role of cellular osmoregulatory substances and protective enzymes in combating aluminum toxicity in S. davidii, a key factor exacerbating growth inhibition in acidic environments. These findings offer preliminary theoretical insights for the practical agricultural utilization of S. davidii in challenging soil conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Long
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenhui Xie
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenwu Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Danyang Liu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Puchang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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He Q, Lei J, Chong D, Luk P, Chan E, Shen X, Tipoe GL, Chan L, Manio MM, Dizon JIWT, Ganotice FA. Unpacking the perceptions and experiences of student facilitators in interprofessional education: a qualitative study. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2330257. [PMID: 38493489 PMCID: PMC10946269 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2330257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing health professional students' effective learning and collaborative practice requires a deep understanding of strategies for facilitating interprofessional learning. While faculty members and clinical preceptors are recognized as facilitators in interprofessional education (IPE), there is limited knowledge about the impact of student facilitators' engagement in IPE. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of student facilitators in IPE. Thirteen student facilitators were recruited to lead an interprofessional learning program, and they were subsequently invited to participate in one-on-one interviews. An interview guide was developed to explore their motivations, expectations, engagement, effectiveness, and achievements in IPE facilitation. Thematic analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software to analyze the student facilitators' experiences and perceptions. Eight interviewees from various disciplines, including Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Speech and Hearing Sciences, and Social Work, took part in the study. The findings revealed that student facilitators highly valued their IPE facilitation experience, which aligned with their expectations and led to the creation of social networks, increased confidence, improved understanding of other professions, and the development of lifelong skills. Furthermore, the student facilitators demonstrated cognitive and social congruence by establishing a relaxed learning environment, displaying empathetic and supportive behaviors, and using inclusive language to engage IPE learners in group discussions. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of student facilitators in IPE, contributing to the evolving literature on IPE. A conceptual framework was developed to explore the entire facilitation experience, encompassing the motivations and expectations of student facilitators, their engagement and effectiveness, and the observed achievements. These findings can inform the development of peer teaching training in IPE and stimulate further research in identifying relevant facilitator competencies for optimal delivery of IPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junru Lei
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Doris Chong
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pauline Luk
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Medical Ethic and Humanities Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Enoch Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoai Shen
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - George Lim Tipoe
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linda Chan
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Michael M. Manio
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John Ian Wilzon T. Dizon
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fraide A. Ganotice
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Davison JM, Taylor MB, Bumsted TN. Medical student non-modifiable risk factors and USMLE Step 1 exam score. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2327818. [PMID: 38481113 PMCID: PMC10946258 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2327818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
For diversity to exist in the medical graduate workforce, students from all backgrounds should have equitable opportunities of employment. Specialties have utilized a minimal threshold for USMLE Step 1 score when screening applicants for residency interviews. The OHSU SOM class of 2021 completed a 14-question voluntary survey on their Step 1 score and the following non-modifiable risk factors: Adverse Childhood Experience score (ACEs), sex, gender, Underrepresented in Medicine status (URiM), family income during adolescence, highest degree held by a guardian, discrimination experience during medical school, federal/state assistance use, and rural versus urban primary home. Descriptive statistics and unadjusted risk ratios were applied to study the relation between Step 1 score and non-modifiable risk factors as well as certain non-modifiable risk factors and ACEs ≥ 3. The mean Step 1 score was 230 (213, 247). Of the students, 28.2% identified ACEs ≥ 3, 13.6% were considered URiM, and 65.4% were female. URiM were 2.34 (1.30, 4.23),females were 2.77 (1.06-7.29), and those who experienced discrimination in medical school were 4.25 (1.85, 9.77) times more likely to have ACEs ≥ 3. Students who had ACEs ≥ 3 were 3.58 (1.75, 7.29) times less likely to meet a minimal threshold for residency interviews of 220. These are the first results to demonstrate a relationship between Step 1 score and ACEs. Those who identified as URiM, females, and those who experienced discrimination in medical school were at a higher risk of ACEs of ≥ 3. Step 1 transitioned to pass/fail in January 2022. However, the first application cycle that residencies will see pass/fail scoring is 2023-2024, and fellowships will continue to see scored Step 1 until, at the earliest, the 2026-2027 application cycle. These data contribute to a foundation of research that could apply to Step 2CK testing scores, and help to inform decisions about the diversity and equity of the residency interview process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margot B. Taylor
- Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tracy N. Bumsted
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Pirosa MC, Stathis A, Zucca E. Tafasitamab for the treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2309701. [PMID: 38299612 PMCID: PMC10841029 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2309701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) require additional treatments, especially those not eligible or not responding to high dose cytotoxic chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. Over the last few years, several new treatments have been developed and approved for these patients, among them of particular relevance are those targeting CD19. Tafasitamab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD19, composed of a modified fragment crystallizable (Fc) region engineered with higher affinity for Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) receptors, leading to increased cytotoxicity through natural killer cells and macrophages (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis). In this product review, we will discuss its mechanism of action, safety profile and efficacy results from clinical trials that led to its approval in combination with lenalidomide for patients with R/R DLBCL ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy and autologous transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Pirosa
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Universita’ della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Universita’ della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Universita’ della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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Ogasawara M. Wilms' tumor 1 -targeting cancer vaccine: Recent advancements and future perspectives. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2296735. [PMID: 38148629 PMCID: PMC10760787 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2296735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini-review explores recent advancements in cancer vaccines that target Wilms' tumor (WT1). Phase I/II trials of WT1 peptide vaccines have demonstrated their safety and efficacy against various cancers. Early trials employing HLA class I peptides evolved through their combination with HLA class II peptides, resulting in improved clinical outcomes. Additionally, WT1-targeted dendritic cell vaccines have exhibited favorable results. Studies focusing on hematological malignancies have revealed promising outcomes, including long-term remission and extended survival times. The combination of vaccines with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown synergistic effects. Current preclinical developments are focused on enhancing the effectiveness of WT1 vaccines, underscoring the necessity for future large-scale Phase III trials to further elucidate their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ogasawara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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134
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Nasri N, Xu W, Jamaludin KA, Mohamad Nasri N. Socio-culturally responsive medical professionalism and ethics education: A curriculum co-creation approach. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2303209. [PMID: 38194435 PMCID: PMC10778402 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2303209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Medical professionalism and ethics (MPE) are critical components influencing how medical practitioners provide patients with the highest standard of care. As a result, a structured attempt has been undertaken to enhance the content and teaching delivery of the medical professionalism and ethics education (MPEE) in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Guided by Vygotsky's sociocultural learning theory, Harre and Van Langenhove's positioning theory and Taba's principles of curriculum development, a curriculum co-creation project was organized with the aim of developing a socio-culturally responsive MPEE. A total of fifteen medical students agreed to participate in the project where they co-created MPE curriculum with a medical educator over the course of three months. Upon completion of the project, a co-created, socio-culturally responsive MPE curriculum was presented. The thematic analysis revealed positive changes in the participants' attitudes, skills, and behaviors towards co-creating the MPE curriculum. They also reported feeling a sense of fulfilment after having a transformative experience as curriculum co-creators and after receiving positive feedback from the faculty, staff, and other students on the co-created MPE curriculum. The project's success demonstrates the importance of curriculum co-creation as a strategy to promote co-creation efforts among students and educators in developing a socio-culturally responsive curriculum. The project's framework and practical recommendations can be adopted by other medical educators and faculties to encourage students' participation and their role on curriculum development using the co-creation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurfarahin Nasri
- Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Aviation, Chengdu College of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Dessie AM, Zemene MA, Gebeyehu AA, Gebeyehu NA, Adella GA, Kassie GA, Mengstie MA, Seid MA, Abebe EC, Gesese MM, Kebede YS, Moges N, Bantie B, Feleke SF, Dejenie TA, Chanie ES, Bayih WA, Tesfa NA, Aychew EW, Mekuriaw BY, Anley DT. Hotspot areas of tetanus-unprotected births and its associated factors in Ethiopia: Spatial analysis of EDHS data. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2298062. [PMID: 38174411 PMCID: PMC10773712 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2298062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal tetanus persists as a public health problem in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Maternal tetanus toxoid vaccination is a cornerstone to prevent neonatal tetanus. However, its prevalence is low in Ethiopia, and little has been devoted to its spatial epidemiology and associated factors. Hence, this study aimed to explore the spatial pattern and factors affecting tetanus-unprotected births in Ethiopia. A further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data was conducted, and a weighted sample of 7590 women was used for analysis. Spatial analysis was done using ArcGIS and SaTScan software. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors and variables with a p-value <.05 were considered as statistically significant. About 54.13% (95% CI: 53.01, 55.25) of births were not protected against neonatal tetanus, and spatial clustering of tetanus unprotected births was observed (Moran's I = 0.144, p-value = .028). The primary and secondary SaTScan clusters were detected in Northeastern Tigray, Eastern Amhara, and almost the entire Afar (RR = 1.34 & LLR = 66.5, p < .01), and in the Somali region, and the western border of Gambela (RR = 1.44 & LLR = 31.3, p < .01), respectively. Tetanus unprotected births were higher among women without formal education (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.29, 2.04), came from poor households (AOR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.45), who had no ANC contact (AOR = 6.97; 95% CI: 6.21, 7.88), and who were not exposed to the media (AOR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47). Hence, tetanus-unprotected birth hotspots require priority interventions, and it is good if the targeted interventions consider the identified factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Mengist Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Aderajew Zemene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Asaye Alamneh Gebeyehu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Asmare Adella
- Department of Reproductive Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Woliata Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Ambaw Kassie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Woliata Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Abdu Seid
- Unit of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Molalegn Mesele Gesese
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Yenealem Solomon Kebede
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Moges
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Berihun Bantie
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sefineh Fenta Feleke
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew Bayih
- Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natnael Amare Tesfa
- School of Medicine,College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Eden Workneh Aychew
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Begizew Yimenu Mekuriaw
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Denekew Tenaw Anley
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Jiang Q, Horta H, Yuen M. High- and low-achieving international medical students' perceptions of the factors influencing their academic performance at Chinese universities. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2300194. [PMID: 38166562 PMCID: PMC10769138 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2300194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
China has become an attractive destination for international medical students, particularly those from developing countries in Asia and Africa. These students are known to face difficulties in adapting to Chinese medical universities and they tend to score poorly on subsequent examinations to enter the medical profession in their home or in a third country. To date, limited research concerning the factors that affect the academic performance of this group of students in China has been conducted. In particular, there have been very few comparisons between high and low achievers to identify the factors that high- and low-achieving international medical students in all years of study perceive as affecting their academic performance. A qualitative research approach was implemented at two medical universities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 high achievers and 22 low achievers in their second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and post-graduation years. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using a thematic analysis approach.A few key overlapping factors were identified: social support, learning motivation and interest, exam preparation and strategies, time management, and coping. The high achievers manipulated these strategies successfully while the low achievers did not. The high achievers demonstrated efficient learning methods (efficient use of class time, good note-taking habits, preview and review strategies, expanded learning, self-study and group learning, deep learning, choosing an appropriate study location, and focusing on basics and concepts). They also achieved a good balance between studying and leisure. The low achievers mentioned learning challenges, health issues, English language barriers, and problems with online classes. This study allowed us to identify important factors that international medical students at Chinese institutions perceive to influence their performance. The findings contribute to the literature on the topic and provide a solid basis for practice and policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxu Jiang
- School of anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Social Contexts and Policies of Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hugo Horta
- Social Contexts and Policies of Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mantak Yuen
- Center for Advancement and Inclusive and Special Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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137
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Jeon D, Hill E, McNeel DG. Toll-like receptor agonists as cancer vaccine adjuvants. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2297453. [PMID: 38155525 PMCID: PMC10760790 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2297453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy to treat cancer patients. Among the wide range of immunological approaches, cancer vaccines have been investigated to activate and expand tumor-reactive T cells. However, most cancer vaccines have not shown significant clinical benefit as monotherapies. This is likely due to the antigen targets of vaccines, "self" proteins to which there is tolerance, as well as to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To help circumvent immune tolerance and generate effective immune responses, adjuvants for cancer vaccines are necessary. One representative adjuvant family is Toll-Like receptor (TLR) agonists, synthetic molecules that stimulate TLRs. TLRs are the largest family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that serve as the sensors of pathogens or cellular damage. They recognize conserved foreign molecules from pathogens or internal molecules from cellular damage and propel innate immune responses. When used with vaccines, activation of TLRs signals an innate damage response that can facilitate the development of a strong adaptive immune response against the target antigen. The ability of TLR agonists to modulate innate immune responses has positioned them to serve as adjuvants for vaccines targeting infectious diseases and cancers. This review provides a summary of various TLRs, including their expression patterns, their functions in the immune system, as well as their ligands and synthetic molecules developed as TLR agonists. In addition, it presents a comprehensive overview of recent strategies employing different TLR agonists as adjuvants in cancer vaccine development, both in pre-clinical models and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwan Jeon
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ethan Hill
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Douglas G. McNeel
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
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138
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Blaszczak J, Wiener S, Plegue M, Shumer D, Shatzer J, Hernandez A. Evaluating the effectiveness of an online curriculum on caring for transgender and nonbinary patients. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2311481. [PMID: 38320110 PMCID: PMC10848997 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2311481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is well established that provider lack of knowledge in the field of transgender and nonbinary health is as ignificant barrier to care and that training in this area is lacking. This study examined how family medicine residents' self-confidence and medical knowledge in providing gender-affirming care changed after completing a novel, online curriculum on transgender and nonbinary care. METHODS Thirty-nine family medicine residents were invited to complete the curriculum. Change inself-confidence was determined by the difference in scores on a Likert scale on a pre- and post-survey. Change in medical knowledge was assessed by examining the difference between pre- and post-test scores on a novel multiple-choice examination. RESULTS Only 7% of current residents agreed that their current training is adequate in order to provide comprehensive primary care to transgender and nonbinary people. After completion of the curriculum, 100% of participants felt at least somewhat confident providing primary care to transgender and nonbinary people, including hormone therapy. Average medical knowledge post-test scores trended higher than the pre-test results (mean (SD) at pre = 11.2 (1.4) vs post = 14.6 (2.8)). CONCLUSIONS An online, self-directed curriculum on caring for transgender and nonbinary patients in the primary care setting, including management of gender-affirming hormone therapy, has the potential to increase confidence and knowledge in this field, decreasing barriers to care for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Blaszczak
- Department of Family Medicine University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sara Wiener
- Department of Organizational Learning University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melissa Plegue
- Department of Family Medicine University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dan Shumer
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Shatzer
- School of Education Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anita Hernandez
- Department of Family Medicine University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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139
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Aparicio B, Theunissen P, Hervas-Stubbs S, Fortes P, Sarobe P. Relevance of mutation-derived neoantigens and non-classical antigens for anticancer therapies. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2303799. [PMID: 38346926 PMCID: PMC10863374 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2303799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of cancer immunotherapies relies on correct recognition of tumor antigens by lymphocytes, eliciting thus functional responses capable of eliminating tumor cells. Therefore, important efforts have been carried out in antigen identification, with the aim of understanding mechanisms of response to immunotherapy and to design safer and more efficient strategies. In addition to classical tumor-associated antigens identified during the last decades, implementation of next-generation sequencing methodologies is enabling the identification of neoantigens (neoAgs) arising from mutations, leading to the development of new neoAg-directed therapies. Moreover, there are numerous non-classical tumor antigens originated from other sources and identified by new methodologies. Here, we review the relevance of neoAgs in different immunotherapies and the results obtained by applying neoAg-based strategies. In addition, the different types of non-classical tumor antigens and the best approaches for their identification are described. This will help to increase the spectrum of targetable molecules useful in cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Aparicio
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patrick Theunissen
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Pamplona, Spain
- DNA and RNA Medicine Division, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sandra Hervas-Stubbs
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Puri Fortes
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Pamplona, Spain
- DNA and RNA Medicine Division, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Spanish Network for Advanced Therapies (TERAV ISCIII), Spain
| | - Pablo Sarobe
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Pamplona, Spain
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Yang S, Pi J, Ma W, Gu W, Zhang H, Xu A, Liu Y, Shi T, Yang F, Chen L. Prognostic value of the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in patients with chronic heart failure across the different ejection fraction spectrum. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2309757. [PMID: 38290043 PMCID: PMC10829812 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2309757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The ratio of fibrinogen to albumin (FAR) is considered a new inflammatory biomarker and a predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. However, its prognostic value for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with different ejection fractions (EFs) remains unclear. A total of 916 hospitalized patients with CHF from January 2017 to October 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were included in the study. Death occurred in 417 (45.5%) patients out of 916 patients during a median follow-up time of 750 days. Among these patients, 381 patients suffered from HFrEF (LVEF <40%) and 535 patients suffered from HFpEF or HFmrEF (HFpEF plus HFmrEF, LVEF ≥ 40%). Patients were categorized into high-level FAR (FAR-H) and low-level FAR (FAR-L) groups based on the optimal cut-off value of FAR (9.06) obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Upon analysing the Kaplan - Meier plots, the incidence of death was significantly higher in all patients with FAR-H and patients in both HF subgroups (p < 0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses indicated that the FAR was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, regardless of heart failure subtype. (HR 1.115, 95% CI 1.089-1.142, p < 0.001; HFpEF plus HFmrEF, HR 1.109, 95% CI 1.074-1.146, p < 0.0001; HFrEF, HR 1.138, 95% CI 1.094-1.183, p < 0.0001) The optimal cut-off value of FAR in predicting all-cause mortality was 9.06 with an area under the curve value of 0.720 (95% CI: 0.687-0.753, p < 0.001), a sensitivity of 68.8% and a specificity of 65.6%. After adjusting for the traditional indicators (LVEF, Lg BNP, etc.), the new model with the FAR had better prediction ability in patients with CHF. Elevated FAR is an independent predictor of death in CHF and is not related to the HF subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Jiangyuan Pi
- Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenfang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Anyu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Fazhi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Lixing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
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Rose S, Kusnoor A, Huynh P, Greely J, Rojas-Khalil Y, Kung D, Gill A, Ismail N, Appelbaum N. Addressing unprofessional behaviors in the clinical learning environment: lessons from a multi-year virtual, intergenerational, interdisciplinary workshop. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2316491. [PMID: 38354128 PMCID: PMC10868425 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2316491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Optimizing the clinical learning environment (CLE) is a medical education priority nationwide. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a virtual, one-hour workshop engaging students, housestaff and faculty in small-group discussions of five case scenarios adapted from reported unprofessional behaviors in the CLE, plus didactics regarding mistreatment, microaggressions and bystander interventions. RESULTS Over two sessions (2021-2022), we engaged 340 students and 73 faculty/housestaff facilitators. Post-session surveys showed significant improvement in participants' ability to recognize and respond to challenges in the CLE. DISCUSSION Our innovative workshop, including scenarios derived from institutional reports of unprofessional behaviors, advanced participants' knowledge and commitment to improve the CLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Rose
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anita Kusnoor
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Phuong Huynh
- Student Assessment and Program Evaluation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jocelyn Greely
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Doris Kung
- Department of Neurology, Assistant Dean of Clinical Curriculum, School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, Assistant Dean of Interprofessional Education, School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nadia Ismail
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nital Appelbaum
- Department of Education, Innovation and Technology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Dionne M, Rochette L, Hamel D, Dube È. Change in intention and hesitancy regarding COVID-19 vaccines in a cohort of adults in Quebec during the pandemic. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2309006. [PMID: 38347660 PMCID: PMC10865925 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2309006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Although COVID-19 vaccine uptake was high in Quebec for the primary series, vaccine acceptance decreased for the subsequent booster doses. This article presents the evolution of vaccine intention, self-reported vaccination behaviors, and vaccine hesitancy over 2 years. A series of cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Quebec between March 2020 and March 2023, with a representative sample of 3,330 adults recruited biweekly via a Web panel. Panelists could have answered multiple times over the course of the project. A cohort of respondents was created to assess how attitudes and behaviors about COVID-19 vaccines evolved. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regressions were performed. Among the 1,914 individuals with no or low intention of getting vaccinated in Fall 2021 (Period 1), 1,476 (77%) reported having received at least two doses in the Winter 2023 (Period 2). Not believing in conspiracy theory (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.65-2.64), being worried about catching COVID-19 (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.65-2.73) and not living in a rural area (ORs of other areas are 2.27, 95% CI: 1.58-3.28; 1.66, 95% CI: 1.23-2.26; 1.82 95% CI: 1.23-2.73) were the three main factors associated with being vaccinated at Period 2. Among the 11,117 individuals not hesitant at Period 1, 1,335 (12%) became hesitant at Period 2. The three main factors significantly associated with becoming vaccine hesitant were the adherence to conspiracy theories (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.95-2.66), being a female (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.48-1.90) and being younger than 65 years old (the ORs for 18-34, 35-49, and 50-64 compared with 65 and over are 2.82, 95% CI: 2.32-3.44; 2.39, 95% CI: 2.00-2.86 and 1.82, 95% CI: 1.55-2.15 respectively). As the pandemic is over, monitoring the evolution of vaccine attitudes and uptake will be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Dionne
- Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Rochette
- Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Hamel
- Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Ève Dube
- Direction des risques biologiques, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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143
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Thibault M, Deceuninck G, Quach C, Brousseau N. Antenatal tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunization and risk of serogroup 19 IPD in children: An indirect cohort study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2305522. [PMID: 38330991 PMCID: PMC10857563 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2305522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine has been indicated for pregnant women in Quebec, Canada since 2018. Recent literature suggests maternal Tdap interferes with the pneumococcal vaccine response in children exposed in utero because of maternally transferred anti-diphtheria antibodies, a phenomenon known as blunting. Using an indirect cohort study, we investigated whether maternal Tdap vaccination could alter the protection of PCV vaccines against serotype 19A/F IPD (conjugated to diphtheria toxoid in PCV10). Thirty-seven immunized IPD cases (serotype 19A/F) and 90 immunized IPD controls (non-vaccine serotypes) were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Our analyses did not identify antenatal Tdap exposure as a risk factor for IPD in vaccinated children, with and odds ratio close to the null (odds ratio = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.32-2.07). As this study is the first to assess the impact of maternal immunization on pneumococcal disease risk, future investigations involving a larger number of cases should be conducted to confirm or infirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Thibault
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Geneviève Deceuninck
- Infectious and immune diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caroline Quach
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicholas Brousseau
- Infectious and immune diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, Canada
- Biological risks unit, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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144
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Barbosa-Méndez S, Matus-Ortega M, Hernandez-Miramontes R, Salazar-Juarez A. COT-TT vaccine attenuates cocaine-seeking and cocaine-conditioned place preference in rats. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2299068. [PMID: 38228468 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2299068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination active, promising alternative immunological strategy to treat of CUD. Various models of cocaine vaccines have been evaluated in animals and humans with relative success. In this sense, it is necessary to improve or optimize the cocaine vaccines already evaluated. Our laboratory previously reported the efficacy of the tetanus toxoid-conjugated morphine vaccine (M6-TT). The M6-TT vaccine can generate high titers of antibodies and reduce heroin-induced behavioral effects in rodents. So, it would be plausible to assume that if we modify the M6-TT vaccine by changing the hapten and maintaining the rest of the structural elements of the vaccine, we will maintain the properties of the M6-TT vaccine (high antibody titers). The objective of this study was to determine whether the antibodies generated by a tetanus toxoid-conjugated cocaine vaccine (COC-TT) can recognize and capture cocaine and decrease the cocaine-induced reinforcing effects. Male Wistar rats were immunized with the COC-TT. A solid-phase antibody-capture ELISA was used to monitor antibody titer responses after each booster dose in vaccinated animals. The study used cocaine self-administration and place-preference testing to evaluate the cocaine-reinforcing effects. The COC-TT vaccine could generate high levels of anti-cocaine antibodies. The antibodies reduced the cocaine self-administration and cocaine place preference. In addition, they decreased the cocaine-induced Fos protein expression. These findings suggest that the COC-TT vaccine generates a robust immunogenic response capable of reducing the reinforcing effects of cocaine, which supports its possible future use in clinical trials in patients with CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa-Méndez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maura Matus-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ricardo Hernandez-Miramontes
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto Salazar-Juarez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, México
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145
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Ramirez M, Bastien E, Chae H, Gianello P, Gilon P, Bouzin C. 3D evaluation of the extracellular matrix of hypoxic pancreatic islets using light sheet fluorescence microscopy. Islets 2024; 16:2298518. [PMID: 38267218 PMCID: PMC10810165 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2023.2298518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes, but the survival and function of transplanted islets are hindered by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) during islet isolation and by low oxygenation upon implantation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hypoxia on ECM using a cutting-edge imaging approach based on tissue clearing and 3D microscopy. Human and rat islets were cultured under normoxic (O2 21%) or hypoxic (O2 1%) conditions. Immunofluorescence staining targeting insulin, glucagon, CA9 (a hypoxia marker), ECM proteins (collagen 4, fibronectin, laminin), and E-cadherin (intercellular adhesion protein) was performed on fixed whole islets. The cleared islets were imaged using Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) and digitally analyzed. The volumetric analysis of target proteins did not show significant differences in abundance between the experimental groups. However, 3D projections revealed distinct morphological features that differentiated normoxic and hypoxic islets. Under normoxic conditions, ECM could be found throughout the islets. Hypoxic islets exhibited areas of scattered nuclei and central clusters of ECM proteins, indicating central necrosis. E-cadherin was absent in these areas. Our results, demonstrating a diminution of islets' functional mass in hypoxia, align with the functional decline observed in transplanted islets experiencing low oxygenation after grafting. This study provides a methodology combining tissue clearing, multiplex immunofluorescence, Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy, and digital image analysis to investigate pancreatic islet morphology. This 3D approach allowed us to highlight ECM organizational changes during hypoxia from a morphological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ramirez
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Estelle Bastien
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heeyoung Chae
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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146
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Zahran SS, Alamoudi RA. Radiographic evaluation of teeth with pulp stones and pulp canal obliteration: characteristics, and associations with dental parameters. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2306768. [PMID: 38258544 PMCID: PMC10810635 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2306768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to radiographically assess the characteristics of pulp stones (PS) and pulp canal obliteration (PCO) in teeth and examined their associations with various dental parameters such as caries, restorations, periodontal status, and age. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University between September 2022, and May 2023, involved 101 patients exhibiting 402 teeth with PS or PCO. Data were collected from periapical and bitewing radiographs, and analyzed by two calibrated dentists. Multiple dental parameters were assessed, including caries level, presence and level of restorations, periodontal condition, and age of the patient. The study population consisted of 62 females and 39 males, with an age range of 18-65 years. Inter- and intra-examiner reliability were high (Kappa = 0.88 and 0.98 respectively). PS were more commonly found in molars (81.2%), while PCO were presented in only 115 teeth (23%). Age significantly affected the type of calcification (p < 0.001), with PS more common in the 20-30 age group and PCO more common in individuals over 40. Presence of caries was significantly associated with the type of calcification (p = 0.013), but restoration was not. The majority of teeth with PS (76%) or PCO (93%) had healthy periodontium. Around 40% of teeth with PCO showed signs of periapical changes, a finding significantly different from those with PS (p < 0.001). Pulp calcifications were significantly associated with various dental parameters, including caries presence, age, and periodontal status. The findings provide crucial insights into the epidemiology and aetiology of pulp calcifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatha S. Zahran
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruaa A. Alamoudi
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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147
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Parves MR, Solares MJ, Dearnaley WJ, Kelly DF. Elucidating structural variability in p53 conformers using combinatorial refinement strategies and molecular dynamics. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2290732. [PMID: 38073067 PMCID: PMC10732606 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2290732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low molecular weight proteins and protein assemblies can now be investigated using cryo-electron microscopy (EM) as a complement to traditional structural biology techniques. It is important, however, to not lose sight of the dynamic information inherent in macromolecules that give rise to their exquisite functionality. As computational methods continue to advance the field of biomedical imaging, so must strategies to resolve the minute details of disease-related entities. Here, we employed combinatorial modeling approaches to assess flexible properties among low molecular weight proteins (~100 kDa or less). Through a blend of rigid body refinement and simulated annealing, we determined new hidden conformations for wild type p53 monomer and dimer forms. Structures for both states converged to yield new conformers, each revealing good stereochemistry and dynamic information about the protein. Based on these insights, we identified fluid parts of p53 that complement the stable central core of the protein responsible for engaging DNA. Molecular dynamics simulations corroborated the modeling results and helped pinpoint the more flexible residues in wild type p53. Overall, the new computational methods may be used to shed light on other small protein features in a vast ensemble of structural data that cannot be easily delineated by other algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rimon Parves
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Maria J. Solares
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - William J. Dearnaley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Deborah F. Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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148
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Kameli N, Basode VK, Abdulhaq A, Alamoudi MUA, Zain KAM, Ghzwani AH. Prevalence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in hospitalized patients in the southwestern province of Saudi Arabia: Confirmation using the GeneXpert analysis. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2294571. [PMID: 38112195 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2294571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile (Clostridioides difficile) is a leading cause of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients worldwide. Stool samples were collected from 112 inpatients admitted to different hospitals and were screened for C. difficile GDH + toxin A + B by immunoassay, and all positive samples by immunoassay were processed for molecular detection of C. difficile using the GeneXpert assay. C. difficile strains were detected in 12 (10.71%) out of 112 stool samples using the GDH + toxin A + B immunoassay method and toxigenic C. difficile was confirmed in 5 stool samples using the GeneXpert molecular assay. C. difficile strains were also detected in 7 (8.97%) out of 78 stool samples from intensive care unit patients, 3 (25%) out of 12 stool samples from internal medicine ward patients, 1 (11.11%) out of 9 stool samples from surgery ward patients, and 1 (10%) out of 10 stool samples from isolation ward patients using the GDH + toxin A + B immunoassay method and the toxigenic C. difficile strain was confirmed in 1, 2, 1, and 1 stool samples, respectively, using the GeneXpert molecular assay. Toxigenic C. difficile was confirmed in patients at 4 (51.14%) out of 7 hospitals. In the present study, we also analyzed the clinical information of patients with C. difficile-positive stool samples who were receiving one or more antibiotics during hospitalization. The binary toxin gene (cdt), the tcdC gene, and the C. difficile strain polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ribotype 027 were not detected using the GeneXpert molecular assay among 12 C. difficile-positive samples by immunoassay. This study should aid in the prevention of unnecessary empiric therapy and increase the understanding of the toxigenic C. difficile burden on the healthcare system in the southwestern province of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Abdulhaq
- Unit of Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Uthman A Alamoudi
- Unit of Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Amaash Mohammed Zain
- Unit of Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hassn Ghzwani
- Unit of Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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149
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Van Ravenswaay L, Parnes A, Nisly SA. Clicks for credit: an analysis of healthcare professionals' social media use and potential for continuing professional development activities. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2316489. [PMID: 38359156 PMCID: PMC10877644 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2316489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined social media habits and utilization patterns among various groups of healthcare professionals. However, very few studies have evaluated the use of social media to support continuing professional development activities. The goal of the 2023 Clinical Education Alliance social media survey was to explore how HCPs interact professionally with social media, describe utilization trends, and identify barriers to using social media to disseminate CPD content. METHODS We conducted an online anonymous, voluntary survey of healthcare professionals contained in the Clinical Education Alliance learner database from January to March 2023. The survey was distributed via email and all learners were invited to participate regardless of profession or specialty. This survey consisted of 16 questions and collected demographic information and social media utilization and habits of healthcare professionals. RESULTS Of the 2,615 healthcare professionals who completed the survey, 71.2% use social media. Most respondents were physicians (50.6%) practicing in an urban setting (59.6%) and have been practicing for more than 15 years (70.5%). The most widely used platform was Facebook (70.7%), but there were no significant differences among the different professions. Of the respondents who use social media, 44.5% used social media to access continuing professional development-certified activities. Surveyed learners preferred passive participation with social media content. Participant-reported concerns include issues with legitimacy of the information, privacy, time constraints, and institutional barriers. DISCUSSION As the continuing professional development community continues to evolve and seek new innovative strategies to reach healthcare professionals, the findings of this survey highlight the need to identify and enact social media-based strategies aimed to engage healthcare professionals and provide them with unbiased evidence-based education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Van Ravenswaay
- Healthcare Education and Outcomes Postdoctoral Fellow, Clinical Education Alliance, Reston, VA, USA
| | - Alex Parnes
- Marketing and Engagement, Clinical Education Alliance, Reston, VA, USA
| | - Sarah A. Nisly
- Outcomes and Clinical Impact, Clinical Education Alliance, Reston, VA, USA
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150
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Bao R, Qu H, Li B, Cheng K, Miao Y, Wang J. Bibliometric analysis of immunotherapy for bladder cancer: A correspondence. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2313287. [PMID: 38330992 PMCID: PMC10861245 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2313287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Bao
- Thyroid and breast surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongtao Qu
- Emergency Department of Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Baifeng Li
- Thyroid and breast surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Thyroid and breast surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yandong Miao
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Thyroid and breast surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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