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Bao R, Yang JY, Sun Y, Zhou DH, Yang Y, Li YM, Cao Y, Xiao Y, Li W, Yu J, Zhao BL, Zhong MH, Yan HM. Flagellin-PAc Fusion Protein Inhibits Progression of Established Caries. J Dent Res 2015; 94:955-60. [PMID: 25883108 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515582224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries remains one of the most common infectious diseases of humankind, which develops slowly throughout life, affecting children, adolescents, and adults. A vaccine against caries is urgently needed. We previously developed recombinant flagellin as a mucosal adjuvant for anti-Streptococcus mutans vaccines by nasal immunization. Furthermore, we demonstrated a fusion protein strategy that combined flagellin and the target surface adhesion protein (PAc) in a single construct. This construct enhanced specific IgA responses in oral fluids and provided improved prophylactic protection against caries. In the present study, we observed prolonged progression of dental caries in rats after S. mutans Ingbritt challenge. In addition, we observed a therapeutic effect of the flagellin-PAc fusion protein (KF-rPAc) against dental caries as a mucosal vaccine with a new immunization protocol. The present study demonstrated that KF-rPAc by nasal immunization can promote PAc-specific systemic and mucosal antibody responses and inhibit dental caries progression efficiently after the implant of S. mutans into the oral cavity of the rats. The rats immunized with KF-rPAc exhibited 53.9% caries reduction compared with the sham-immunized rats. Our data support the concept of administration of KF-rPAc to humans after infection and even caries that has begun to alleviate caries progression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that KF-rPAc could be used as an anticaries therapeutic mucosal vaccine.
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Li J, Zhang Y, Xu KC, Yang JY, Han YH, Sun YX, Huang Q. First Report of Wilt of Eucalyptus Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in China. PLANT DISEASE 2014; 98:1744. [PMID: 30703923 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-14-0580-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Eucalyptus spp., most of which are native to Australia, are one of the world's most commonly planted forestry crops, and have been widely planted in the tropics and subtropics. Eucalyptus trees are distributed in more than 600 counties in 19 provinces/regions throughout China, especially in the southern regions of the country (1). From April of 2013 to May of 2014, eucalyptus trees were noted to be wilting and dying rapidly in Kunming, Yunnan Province (25°02' N, 102°42' E), southwest China. Symptomatic trees typically have many wilted or dead leaves hanging throughout the tree or on some major branches, sometimes followed by death of the whole tree. Dark brown to black discoloration can be seen in the woody xylem, and elongated cankers were also present on some affected trees. A fungus was consistently isolated from the leaves and cankers when symptomatic tissue was incubated between two slices of fresh carrot root. Spore masses were removed from the apices of perithecia, transferred to malt extract agar medium (MEA), and incubated at 25°C. Perithecia developed on the medium, and were black, globose, 212.5 to 242.4 × 207.5 to 254.2 μm, and possessed a long black neck (952.3 to 1,303.3 μm). Ascospores had the typical "hat" morphology and were 4.3 to 5.2 × 3.0 to 3.8 μm. Cylindrical endoconidia (11.2 to 22.2 × 3.9 to 6.1 μm) were found. Chlamydospores produced on media were ovoid and smooth, and were 7.8 to 9.7 × 9.9 to 12.8 μm. Chains of barrel-shaped conidia were not found. PCR amplification and sequencing of the ITS region of rDNA were carried out for one isolate, E2-2, using the procedures of Thorpe et al. (3). Analysis of ITS sequence data (GenBank Accession No. KJ511481) showed that the isolates were 99% homologous to the isolate of C. fimbriata from diseased Colocasia esculenta in Cuba, China, and Hawaii (AY526304 to 06) by BLAST analysis. Thus, the fungus was identified as C. fimbriata based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Pathogenicity tests were made on 1-year-old E. grandis seedlings as follows. A conidial suspension of each isolate was diluted to 106 conidia/ml, and 0.2 ml was injected into wounds on three petioles on each of five healthy plants of E. grandis, and control seedlings were injected with sterile water that had been placed on MEA plates. The seedlings were incubated at 25°C in moist chambers. After 3 days, all inoculated E. grandis plants showed dark brown to black discoloration in the leaf axils. After 5 days, leaf wilting was present. C. fimbriata was re-isolated from all inoculated symptomatic tissue. No symptoms were visible in the control plants and no fungus was isolated from them. Ceratocystis wilt was first observed in eucalyptus in 1997 in the state of Bahia. This was followed by a report of C. fimbriata causing wilt of E. grandis in the Republic of Congo, Uganda, and Uruguay (2). Chen et al. reported two species of Ceratocystis, C. acaciivora and a previously undescribed species C. chinaeucensis, from eucalyptus plantations in Guangdong Province in China (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. fimbriata causing wilt of eucalyptus in China. References: (1) S. F. Chen et al. Fungal Diversity 58:267, 2011. (2) F. A. Ferreira et al. Fitopatol. Bras. 24:284, 1999. (3) D. J. Thorpe et al. Phytopathology 95:316, 2005.
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Wei Y, Liu GL, Yang JY, Zheng RX, Jiang LH, Li YP, Gao FF. Association between metabolic syndrome and vascular endothelium dysfunction in children and adolescents. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:8671-8. [PMID: 25366757 DOI: 10.4238/2014.october.27.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We aimed at investigating the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and vascular endothelial cell dysfunction (ECD) in children and adolescents. Sixty children (30 obese children and 30 children with MS) were included in this retrospective analysis. Thirty healthy subjects were randomly selected as the control group. A series of indices/biomarkers known to be related to MS/ECD were determined using ELISA. Correlations between the variables measured were analyzed. Compared with the control group, PAI-1, vWF, VE-cad, TM, and VEGF were significantly increased in the MS group (P < 0.05). Adolescents in the obese group had significantly increased levels of serum PAI-1, VE-cad, TM, and VEGF as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Further, vWF in the obese and control groups did not differ significantly (P = 0.556). Our results suggest that ECD is correlated with MS in children and adolescents. Pathophysiological changes of the vascular endothelium may exist in obese children who have yet to develope MS. PAI-1, vWF, VE-cad, TM, and VEGF could be used as biomarkers for predicting ECD. ECD that develops in patients with MS may be associated with obesity, elevated blood lipid, elevated blood glucose, and higher blood pressure.
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Xu CZ, Wang HF, Yang JY, Wang JH, Duan ZY, Wang C, Liu JX, Lao Y. Effects of feeding lutein on production performance, antioxidative status, and milk quality of high-yielding dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7144-50. [PMID: 25173469 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the influences of supplementing different levels of an additive containing lutein in the diet of Chinese Holstein lactating cows on production performance, antioxidative plasma metabolites, and milk quality. This study was performed on 60 multiparous Holstein dairy cows in peak lactation. The cows were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 homogeneous treatments, with lutein preparation (extracted from marigolds; effective lutein content was 2%) added at levels of 0, 100, 150, and 200 g/d per head, with the actual available amounts being 0, 2, 3, and 4 g of lutein/d per head, respectively. The experiment lasted for 13 wk, with the first week for adaptation. Milk yield and milk compositions were recorded weekly, and milk concentrations of lutein, dry matter intake, and antioxidative blood index were analyzed in the first, fourth, seventh, and thirteenth week of the study. The results showed that adding lutein in the diet had no effect on dry matter intake compared with the control group; however, it slowed down the trend of decline in milk yield, and had a linear incremental effect on milk yield with increasing concentration of lutein. Dietary lutein tended to quadratically increase the percentage of milk fat, and linearly increased milk lactose concentration, with the highest value when treated at 200 g of lutein preparation/d per head, and decreased somatic cell count, with the lowest values when treated with 150 and 200 g of lutein preparation/d per head. The concentration of lutein in milk linearly increased with the incorporation of the additive, with a value of 0.59, 0.70, 1.20, and 1.50 μg/100mL when treated with 0, 100, 150, and 200 g/d, respectively. Total plasma antioxidant capacity tended to linearly increase in cows fed lutein preparation, whereas plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities did not differ significantly. In conclusion, addition of lutein in the diet could improve the production performance and health status of dairy cows.
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Jiang L, Lei JY, Wang WT, Yan LN, Li B, Wen TF, Xu MQ, Yang JY, Wei YG. Immediate radical therapy or conservative treatments when meeting the Milan criteria for advanced HCC patients after successful TACE. J Gastrointest Surg 2014; 18:1125-30. [PMID: 24664424 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-014-2508-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases can be successfully downstaged into the Milan criteria; however, immediate radical therapy cannot be applied to all such patients for various reasons. Of the patients who are not eligible for immediate radical therapy, some accept repeated downstaging therapies and some undergo persistent observation. The aim of the present study was to compare long-term survival between these two groups of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between August 2003 and October 2008, 156 HCC patients successfully received downstaging therapy resulting in compliance with the Milan criteria. Of those, 98 cases accepted radical therapies, including liver transplantation (LT), resection, or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (group 1), and 58 cases underwent repeated transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or persistent observation (group 2). The baseline characteristics, demographic data, downstaging protocol, and information on long-term outcomes were collected and compared. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the patient demographic data, downstaging protocols, or tumor characteristics between the two groups. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 92.9, 82.7, and 78.6 %, respectively, in group 1, whereas these rates were 82.8, 65.5, and 48.3 %, respectively, in group 2 (P = 0.046). Among the 58 patients in group 2, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 92.3, 65.4, and 46.2 %, respectively, in the repeated TACE group, and 81.3, 65.6, and 50 %, respectively, in the persistent observation group (P = 0.783). CONCLUSION Immediate radical therapy should be the first choice for advanced HCC patients who undergo successful TACE, and repeated TACE is unnecessary.
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Varela C, Kumar S, Yang JY, Wilson MA. Anatomical substrates for direct interactions between hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and the thalamic nucleus reuniens. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 219:911-29. [PMID: 23571778 PMCID: PMC4179252 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-013-0543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The reuniens nucleus in the midline thalamus projects to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus, and has been suggested to modulate interactions between these regions, such as spindle-ripple correlations during sleep and theta band coherence during exploratory behavior. Feedback from the hippocampus to the nucleus reuniens has received less attention but has the potential to influence thalamocortical networks as a function of hippocampal activation. We used the retrograde tracer cholera toxin B conjugated to two fluorophores to study thalamic projections to the dorsal and ventral hippocampus and to the prelimbic and infralimbic subregions of mPFC. We also examined the feedback connections from the hippocampus to reuniens. The goal was to evaluate the anatomical basis for direct coordination between reuniens, mPFC, and hippocampus by looking for double-labeled cells in reuniens and hippocampus. In confirmation of previous reports, the nucleus reuniens was the origin of most thalamic afferents to the dorsal hippocampus, whereas both reuniens and the lateral dorsal nucleus projected to ventral hippocampus. Feedback from hippocampus to reuniens originated primarily in the dorsal and ventral subiculum. Thalamic cells with collaterals to mPFC and hippocampus were found in reuniens, across its anteroposterior axis, and represented, on average, about 8 % of the labeled cells in reuniens. Hippocampal cells with collaterals to mPFC and reuniens were less common (~1 % of the labeled subicular cells), and located in the molecular layer of the subiculum. The results indicate that a subset of reuniens cells can directly coordinate activity in mPFC and hippocampus. Cells with collaterals in the hippocampus-reuniens-mPFC network may be important for the systems consolidation of memory traces and for theta synchronization during exploratory behavior.
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Zhou Y, Yang JY, Zhi QH, Tao Y, Qiu RM, Lin HC. Factors associated with colonization of Streptococcus mutans in 8- to 32-month-old children: a cohort study. Aust Dent J 2014; 58:507-13. [PMID: 24320909 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The factors involved in Streptococcus mutans colonization in young children are not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with S. mutans colonization in 8- to 32-month-old children. METHODS A group of 225 caries-free 8-month-old children was recruited for the study. They were examined every six months until they were 32 months old to investigate their environmental factors, host factors and bacterial transmission factors. At baseline and during each examination, their teeth were checked for the presence of dental plaque and developmental defects of enamel, and S. mutans plaque status was assessed using a real-time PCR test. RESULTS Eight children (3.6%) showed S. mutans colonization by the age of 8 months. The percentages of colonization were 6.0% at 14 months, 16.2% at 20 months, 26.7% at 26 months, and 33.5% at 32 months. The results showed that females (p = 0.006), children with enamel hypoplasia (p = 0.024), children with low birth weights (p = 0.005), those who consume more sweets (p < 0.001), and those with a higher proportion of visible plaque (p = 0.020 and p = 0.041) were more likely to be colonized by S. mutans. CONCLUSIONS Streptococcus mutans colonization in young children was associated with gender, tooth enamel hypoplasia, low birth weight, frequent consumption of sweets and poor oral hygiene.
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Wei DZ, Yang JY, Liu JW, Tong WY. Inhibition of Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration by a Combination of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3- Gallate and Ascorbic Acid. J Chemother 2013; 15:591-5. [PMID: 14998086 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2003.15.6.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A mixture of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and ascorbic acid exhibited 73.2% inhibition of SMMC-7721 cell proliferation in a soft agar colony formation assay, which was much higher than EGCG (40.4%) or ascorbic acid (12.4%) alone. In the cell migration assay, the mixture also significantly suppressed the migration of SMMC-7721 cells by 65.9% while EGCG and/or ascorbic acid did by 28.9% and 18.7%, respectively. Ascorbic acid was able to enhance the antioxidant activity of EGCG by decreasing the intracellular oxidative stress according to fluorographic analysis of oxidative stress. In conclusion, the combination of EGCG and ascorbic acid can strongly suppress the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells, possibly with a mechanism associated with the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. All these events add to our knowledge of liver cancer chemotherapy.
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Sun Y, Shi W, Yang JY, Zhou DH, Chen YQ, Zhang Y, Yang Y, He BX, Zhong MH, Li YM, Cao Y, Xiao Y, Li W, Yu J, Li YH, Fan MW, Yan HM. Flagellin-PAc fusion protein is a high-efficacy anti-caries mucosal vaccine. J Dent Res 2012; 91:941-7. [PMID: 22895510 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512457684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that an anti-caries DNA vaccine intranasally administered with recombinant flagellin protein as a mucosal adjuvant enhanced salivary IgA response and conferred better protection against caries. However, the relatively weak immunogenicity of DNA vaccines and the necessity for a large quantity of antigens remain significant challenges. Here, we fused the flagellin derived from E. coli (KF) and target antigen PAc containing the A-P fragment of PAc from S. mutans (rPAc) to produce a single recombinant protein (KF-rPAc). The abilities of KF-rPAc to induce rPAc-specific mucosal and systemic responses and protective efficiency against caries following intranasal immunization were compared with those of rPAc alone or a mixture of rPAc and KF (KF + rPAc) in rats. Results showed that KF-rPAc promoted significantly higher rPAc-specific antibodies in serum as well as in saliva than did an equivalent dose of rPAc alone or a mixture of KF + rPAc. Intranasal immunization of 8.5 µg KF-rPAc could achieve 64.2% reduction of dental caries in rats. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that flagellin and PAc fusion strategy is promising for anti-caries vaccine development, and KF-rPAc could be used as an anti-caries mucosal vaccine.
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Tsai IN, Huang JC, Tsai SS, Yang JY. Unsteady relativistic shock-wave diffraction by cylinders and spheres. Phys Rev E 2012; 85:026317. [PMID: 22463327 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.026317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The unsteady relativistic shock-wave diffraction patterns generated by a relativistic blast wave impinging on a circular cylinder and a sphere are numerically simulated using some high-resolution relativistic kinetic beam schemes in a general coordinate system for solving the relativistic Euler equations of gas dynamics. The diffraction patterns are followed through about 6 radii of travel of the incident shock past the body. The complete diffraction patterns, including regular reflection, transition from regular to Mach reflection, slip lines, and the complex shock-on-shock interaction at the wake region resulting from the Mach shocks collision behind the body are reported in detail. Computational results of several incident shock Mach numbers covering the near ultrarelativistic limit are studied. Various contours of flow properties including the Lorentz factor and velocity streamline plots are also presented to add a better understanding of the complex diffraction phenomena. The three-dimensional relieving effects of the sphere cases are evident and can be quantitatively evaluated as compared with the corresponding cylinder cases.
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De Jong R, Drury CF, Yang JY, Campbell CA. Risk of water contamination by nitrogen in Canada as estimated by the IROWC-N model. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2009; 90:3169-3181. [PMID: 19592153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
With increasing amounts of nitrogen (N) being added to farmland in the form of fertilizer and manure to optimize crop yields, and more broadly, to meet the growing demands for food, feed and energy, there are public concerns regarding its possible negative impact on the environment. An optimal balance between N requirements for production versus efficient N use is required, so as to minimize N losses from the agricultural system. An agri-environmental indicator i.e., the Indicator of the Risk of Water Contamination by Nitrogen (IROWC-N) was developed to assess the risk of N moving from agricultural areas into groundwater and/or nearby surface water bodies. The indicator linked the quantity of mineral nitrogen remaining in the soil at harvest, i.e., the Residual Soil Nitrogen (RSN) indicator, and the subsequent climatic conditions during the winter period. The results were assessed in terms of nitrate lost through leaching and nitrate concentration in the drainage water, expressed in five IROWC-N risk classes. Unlike previous versions of the indicator, the current model provided a more complete description of the soil-water balance, including the calculation of rainfall interception by crops, surface runoff, actual evapotranspiration and soil-water contents. Consequently, the current IROWC-N estimates differed markedly from those obtained previously. Between 1981 and 2006, the risk of water contamination by N in Canada was small, and reflected what was happening in the three Prairie provinces where 85% of Canada's farmland is located. However, the aggregated IROWC-N index, which is a combination of all five risk classes, increased steadily by 2.3% per year, from 6.7 in 1981 to 10.6 in 2006. The proportion of farmland in the very low IROWC-N risk class decreased from 88 to 78%; correspondingly, the proportion in the low risk class increased from 2 to 12%. The proportion of farmland in the moderate-, high- and very high-risk classes changed by less than 3% over time. The trends in IROWC-N in the Atlantic provinces were significantly worse than the national trend; for example, in Atlantic Canada, the aggregated IROWC-N index tripled from 27.8 in 1981 to 87.5 in 2006. Increases in fertilizer use (except in British Columbia), increases in livestock numbers in Manitoba and the Atlantic provinces, and an increase in legume crop acreage were the main factors that contributed to the increase in IROWC-N estimates. Climatic factors were also involved, as droughts reduced yields, N uptake and N leaching in many regions of Canada in 2001.
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Geng F, Tan LL, Jin XX, Yang JY, Yang K. The preparation, cytocompatibility, and in vitro biodegradation study of pure beta-TCP on magnesium. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:1149-1157. [PMID: 19132512 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable and bioactive beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) coatings were prepared on magnesium (Mg) in order to improve its biocompatibility by a chemical method. The tensile bonding strength of beta-TCP coating and Mg substrate was measured by the standard adhesion test (ISO 13779-4). And the cytocompatibility of beta-TCP coated Mg was studied by using human osteoblast-like MG63 cells. It was found that the MG63 cells could grow well on the surface of beta-TCP coated Mg and the cell viability on beta-TCP coated Mg was above 80% during the cocultivation of MG63 cells and beta-TCP coated Mg for 10 days, indicating no cytotoxicity. It was concluded that the beta-TCP coated Mg had good cytocompatibility. The degradation of Mg substrate with beta-TCP coating in vitro was studied in detail by XRD, EDX, SEM, and ICP. The results showed that a bone-like apatite continually formed on the surface of the sample with the degradation of both Mg substrate and beta-TCP coating in Hank's solution (a simulated body fluid). The biodegradation mechanism was preliminarily analyzed in the paper.
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Chen ZY, Yan LN, Zeng Y, Wen TF, Li B, Zhao JC, Wang WT, Yang JY, Xu MQ, Ma YK, Wu H. Preliminary experience with indications for liver transplantation for hepatolithiasis. Transplant Proc 2009; 40:3517-22. [PMID: 19100427 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the indications for liver transplantation among patients with hepatolithiasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from 1,431 consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment from January 2000 to December 2006 were retrospectively collected for analysis. Surgical procedures included T-tube insertion combined with intraoperative cholangioscopic removal of intrahepatic stones, hepatectomy, cholangiojejunostomy, and liver transplantation. RESULTS Nine hundred sixty-one patients who had a stone located in the left or right intrahepatic duct underwent hepatectomy or T-tube insertion combined with intraoperative cholangioscopic removal of intrahepatic stones. The rate of residual stones was 7.5%. Four hundred seventy patients who had a stone located in the bilateral intrahepatic ducts underwent surgical procedures other than liver transplantation; the rate of residual stones was 21.7%. Only 15 patients with hepatolithiasis underwent liver transplantation; they all survived. According to the degree of biliary cirrhosis, recipients were divided into 2 groups: a group with biliary decompensated cirrhosis (n = 7), or group with compensated cirrhosis or no cirrhosis (n = 8). There were significant differences in operative times, transfusion volumes, and blood losses between the 2 groups (P < .05). In the first group, 6 of 7 patients experienced surgical complications, and in the second, 8 recipients recovered smoothly with no complications. Health status, disability, and psychological wellness of all recipients (n = 15) were significantly improved at 1 year after transplantation compared with pretransplantation (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Liver transplantation is a possible method to address hepatolithiasis and secondary decompensated biliary cirrhosis or difficult to remove, diffusely distributed intrahepatic duct stones unavailable by hepatectomy, cholangiojejunostomy, and choledochoscopy.
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Tenney DJ, Pokornowski KA, Rose RE, Baldick CJ, Eggers BJ, Fang J, Yang JY, Xu D, Brett-Smith H, Spiegelmacher N, Schwendel A, Pichl T, Reeb I, Colonno RJ. Entecavir at Five Years Shows Long-Term Maintenance of High Genetic Barrier to Hepatitis B Virus Resistance. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Meng XL, Chen GL, Yang JY, Wang S, Wu CF, Wang JM. Inhibitory effect of a novel resveratrol derivative on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia. DIE PHARMAZIE 2008; 63:671-675. [PMID: 18819521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitric oxide (NO) production by activated microglial cells has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we found that a new resveratrol derivative, (E)-5-(3-nitrostyryl)benzene-1,3-diol (RV06), has a more potential inhibitory effect on the production of NO in LPS-activated N9 microglial cells, and the result was confirmed on primary rat microglial cells. Further studies showed that RV06 inhibited LPS-induced iNOS expression in N9 microglial cells, with no activity on direct scavenging nitric oxide radical in a cell-free environment. The results suggest that RV06 might be a potential anti-inflammatory agent or leading compound which can inhibit inflammatory responses of microglia.
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Yang JY, Chung SY, Moon HJ, Jang M, Rhee GS. RG-007 Male germ cell-mediated transgenerational effect of ecstasy (MDMA). Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abderrahmani A, Niederhauser G, Favre D, Abdelli S, Ferdaoussi M, Yang JY, Regazzi R, Widmann C, Waeber G. Human high-density lipoprotein particles prevent activation of the JNK pathway induced by human oxidised low-density lipoprotein particles in pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2007; 50:1304-14. [PMID: 17437081 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We explored the potential adverse effects of pro-atherogenic oxidised LDL-cholesterol particles on beta cell function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated human and rat islets and different insulin-secreting cell lines were incubated with human oxidised LDL with or without HDL particles. The insulin level was monitored by ELISA, real-time PCR and a rat insulin promoter construct linked to luciferase gene reporter. Cell apoptosis was determined by scoring cells displaying pycnotic nuclei. RESULTS Prolonged incubation with human oxidised LDL particles led to a reduction in preproinsulin expression levels, whereas the insulin level was preserved in the presence of native LDL-cholesterol. The loss of insulin production occurred at the transcriptional levels and was associated with an increase in activator protein-1 transcriptional activity. The rise in activator protein-1 activity resulted from activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK, now known as mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 [MAPK8]) due to a subsequent decrease in islet-brain 1 (IB1; now known as MAPK8 interacting protein 1) levels. Consistent with the pro-apoptotic role of the JNK pathway, oxidised LDL also induced a twofold increase in the rate of beta cell apoptosis. Treatment of the cells with JNK inhibitor peptides or HDL countered the effects mediated by oxidised LDL. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data provide strong evidence that oxidised LDL particles exert deleterious effects in the progression of beta cell failure in diabetes and that these effects can be countered by HDL particles.
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Rhee KJ, Kim KC, Lee JK, Hwang DS, Shin HD, Yang JY, Kim YM. Incomplete discoid glenoid labrum combined with a ganglion cyst of the spinoglenoid notch. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 88:1390-2. [PMID: 17012434 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.88b10.18027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In a 41-year-old man, right-sided infraspinatus muscle weakness was associated with compression of the suprascapular nerve caused by a spinoglenoid ganglion cyst. The lesion was confirmed using electromyography and MRI. In addition, arthroscopy showed an incomplete discoid labrum. The free inner edge of the labrum was removed as in a meniscectomy of a discoid meniscus in the knee joint. Arthroscopic decompression of the cyst was performed through a juxtaglenoid capsulotomy which was left open. Neurological function recovered completely.
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Yang JY, Yang XE, He ZL, Li TQ, Shentu JL, Stoffella PJ. Effects of pH, organic acids, and inorganic ions on lead desorption from soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2006; 143:9-15. [PMID: 16436308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2005] [Revised: 11/04/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The desorption characteristics of lead in two variable charge soils (one developed from Arenaceous rock (RAR) and the other derived from Quaternary red earths (REQ)) were studied, and the effects of pH value, organic acid, and competitive ions were examined. Desorption of Pb(2+) decreased from nearly 100.0 to 20.0% within pH 1.0-4.0 in both soils, and then the decrease diminished at pH > 4.0. Organic ligands at relatively low concentrations (< or =10(-3) mol L(-1)) slightly inhibited Pb(2+) desorption, but enhanced Pb(2+) desorption at higher concentrations. In this study, citric acid or acetic acid at higher concentrations (>10(-3) mol L(-1)) had the greatest improvement of Pb(2+) desorption, followed by malic acid; and the smallest was oxalic acid. Desorption of the adsorbed Pb(2+) increased greatly with increasing concentrations of added Cu(2+) or Zn(2+). Applied Cu(2+) increased Pb(2+) desorption more than Zn(2+) at the same loading.
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Kim E, Cho SW, Yang JY, Cai J, Lee SL, Ohshima H, Jung HS. Tooth survival and periodontal tissues healing of allogenic-transplanted teeth in the mice. Oral Dis 2006; 12:395-401. [PMID: 16792725 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For the successful organ transplantation, immune rejection has to be considered. Autogenic transplantation of human teeth is generally carried out free of clinical difficulty because of the lack of immune reaction, whereas allogenic tooth transplantations easily induce host immune rejection to donor tissues. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the replacement of donor tissue by host cells after allogenic tooth transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS First molars extracted from lacZ transgenic ROSA26 mice were transplanted into the alveolar socket and the tongue of host wildtype mice, where the first molar had existed. RESULTS Donor cells from lacZ transgenic mice were not detected in the periodontal ligament space, but rather in the pulp chamber of the donor tooth. Furthermore, if the pulp chamber was widely open to an affluent blood supply, odontoblasts and fibroblasts in the donor tissue survived in the dental pulp. CONCLUSIONS Our experimental models using lacZ transgenic ROSA26 mice clearly demonstrate that donor periodontal tissue cells are replaced by host cells and that periodontal tissue can regenerate after allogenic tooth transplantation. Furthermore, our models suggest that donor pulpal cells can survive if the vascular supply into the pulp chamber is sufficient.
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Chen GC, He ZL, Stoffella PJ, Yang XE, Yu S, Yang JY, Calvert DV. Leaching potential of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn) from acidic sandy soil amended with dolomite phosphate rock (DPR) fertilizers. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2006; 20:127-33. [PMID: 16785053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2005] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing concern on heavy metal leaching from the soils amended with sewage sludge. A column study was conducted to examine the extent of leaching of five important heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn) from an acidic sandy soil amended with different dolomite phosphate rock (DPR) fertilizers (an application rate of 1% fertilizers) developed from DPR and N-Viro (consisting of biosolids and fly ash) at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 100% DPR. Ten leaching events were carried out with each event done at an interval of 7 days and with total leaching volume of 1183mm, which is equivalent to the mean annual rainfall of this region during the period of 2001-2003. Leachate was collected after each leaching event and analyzed for heavy metals. The maximum leachate concentrations of Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn were all below drinking water quality guidance limits set by Florida Department of Environmental Protection and World Health Organization, suggesting that the application of DPR fertilizers may not pose a threat to water quality by leaching. Most of leachate concentrations of Cd, Ni and Pb were below their detection limits and there were no significant differences between the control and the treatments with different DPR fertilizers. By contrast, there were higher leachate concentrations of Cu and Zn (ranging from 0.7 to 37.1mug Cu/l and 5.1 to 205.6mug Zn/l for all treatments) due to their higher contents in both the soil and different DPR fertilizers compared with Cd, Ni and Pb. The leachate concentrations of Cu and Zn for each treatment decreased with increasing leaching events. The differences in leachate concentrations of Cu and Zn between the control and the treatments with different DPR fertilizers containing N-Viro were significant, especially in the first several leaching events and, moreover, they increased with increasing proportion of N-Viro in the DPR fertilizers. There were similar trends in total losses of Cu and Zn after ten leaching events. Greater differences in both leachate concentrations and total losses of Zn between the control and the treatments containing N-Viro were noted. Total losses of Zn for the treatments containing N-Viro were 3.0-5.1 times higher than those for the control compared with 1.4-2.2 times higher for total losses of Cu, suggesting that greater proportions of Zn losses came from the DPR fertilizers due to the greater mobility of Zn in the DPR fertilizers compared with Cu.
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Yang JY, Yang XE, He ZL, Chen GC, Shentu JL, Li TQ. Adsorption-desorption characteristics of lead in variable charge soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2004; 39:1949-1967. [PMID: 15332661 DOI: 10.1081/ese-120039367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption desorption processes of Pb at contaminated levels in two variable charge soils were investigated. The red soil (RAR) developed on the Arenaceous rock (clayey, mixed siliceous thermic typic Dystrochrept) adsorbed more Pb2+ than the red soil (REQ) derived from the Quaternary red earths (clayey, kaolinitic thermic plinthite Aquult). The maximum adsorption values (Xm) that were obtained from the simple Langmuir model were 52.6 mmol Pb2+ kg(-1) soil and 29.9 mmol Pb2+ kg(-1) soil, respectively, for the RAR and REQ. Adsorption of Pb2+ decreased soil pH by 1.10 unit for the RAR soil and 1.21 unit for the REQ soil at the highest loading. The adsorption equilibrium pH of RAR was higher than that of REQ at the same Pb2+ concentration. The distribution coefficient (Kd) of Pb in the soils decreased exponentially with increasing Pb2+ loading. Most of the adsorbed Pb2+ in the soils was not desorbed in the 0.01 mol L(-1) NaNO3 solution. After five successive extractions with NaNO3, only 0-11% of the total adsorbed Pb2+ in the RAR soil was desorbed and the corresponding value of the REQ soil was 0-19%, indicating that the RAR soil had a greater affinity for Pb2+ than the REQ soil at the same Pb2+ loading. Different mechanisms might be involved in Pb2+ adsorption/desorption at different levels of Pb2+ loading and between the two soils.
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Shieh YH, Liu CF, Huang YK, Yang JY, Wu IL, Lin CH, Li SC. Evaluation of the hepatic and renal-protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2002; 29:501-7. [PMID: 11789593 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidative effect of hot water extract of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum on ethanol-induced free radical generation had been studied. In order to further investigate the hepatic and renal protective mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum, rates of lipid peroxidation were determined. The hot water extract of Ganoderma lucidum dose-dependently exhibited antioxidative effect on mouse liver and kidney lipid peroxidation; our results indicated that hepatic and renal homogenates have a higher malonic dialdehyde level in an ethanol administered group than in the Ganoderma lucidum treated group. It was concluded that the hepatic and renal protective mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum, might be due at least in part to its prominent superoxide scavenging effect. Ganoderma extract could protect the liver and kidney from superoxide induced hepatic and renal damages.
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Kwon KB, Yang JY, Ryu DG, Rho HW, Kim JS, Park JW, Kim HR, Park BH. Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin induces superoxide anion-initiated apoptotic signaling pathway in human ECV304 cells. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:47518-23. [PMID: 11591724 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m108645200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that exposure to Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin (VVC) caused characteristic morphologic changes and dysfunction of vascular structures in lung. VVC showed cytotoxicity for mammalian cells in culture and acted as a vascular permeability factor. In this study, the underlying mechanisms of VVC-induced cytotoxicity was investigated on ECV304 cell, a human vascular endothelial cell line. When cells were exposed to 0.4 hemolytic units (HU) of VVC, consecutive apoptotic events were observed; the elevation of superoxide anion (O (-.)(2)), the release of cytochrome c, the activation of caspase-3, the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and the DNA fragmentation. The pretreatment with 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO), O(-.) 2) scavenger, completely abolished O(-.)(2) levels and downstream apoptotic events. Moreover, pretreatment with cyclosporin A (CsA), a mitochondrial permeability transition inhibitor, was capable of attenuating O(-.)(2)-mediated cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, and consequent apoptosis. Apoptosis, as demonstrated by oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation and fluorescence microscopy, was induced 24 h after VVC treatment, which was also prevented by caspase-3 inhibitor, Ac-DEVD-CHO. Caspase-1 inhibitor, Ac-YVAD-CHO, did not protect ECV 304 cells from apoptosis. These results suggest a scenario where VVC-induced apoptosis is triggered by the generation of O(-.)(2), release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, activation of caspase-3, degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and DNA fragmentation. The induction of apoptosis in endothelial cells by VVC may provide a pivotal mechanism for understanding the pathophysiology of septicemia.
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Huffman EC, Yang JY, Gameda S, De Jong R. Using simulation and budget models to scale-up nitrogen leaching from field to region in Canada. ScientificWorldJournal 2001; 1 Suppl 2:699-706. [PMID: 12805754 PMCID: PMC6084170 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2001.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts are underway at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) to develop an integrated, nationally applicable, socioeconomic/biophysical modeling capability in order to predict the environmental impacts of policy and program scenarios. This paper outlines our Decision Support System (DSS), which integrates the IROWCN (Indicator of the Risk of Water Contamination by Nitrogen) index with the agricultural policy model CRAM (Canadian Regional Agricultural Model) and presents an outline of our methodology to provide independent assessments of the IROWCN results through the use of nitrogen (N) simulation models in select, data-rich areas. Three field-level models--DSSAT, N_ABLE, and EPIC--were evaluated using local measured data. The results show that all three dynamic models can be used to simulate biomass, grain yield, and soil N dynamics at the field level; but the accuracy of the models differ, suggesting that models need to be calibrated using local measured data before they are used in Canada. Further simulation of IROWCN in a maize field using N_ABLE showed that soil-mineral N levels are highly affected by the amount of fertilizer N applied and the time of year, meaning that fertilizer and manure N applications and weather data are crucial for improving IROWCN. Methods of scaling-up simulated IROWCN from field-level to soil-landscape polygons and CRAM regions are discussed.
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