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Suliman S, Allen M, Chivese T, de Rijk AE, Koopmans R, Könings KD. Is medical training solely to blame? Generational influences on the mental health of our medical trainees. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2329404. [PMID: 38488138 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2329404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The negative impact of medical training on trainee mental health continues to be a concern. Situated within a sociocultural milieu, Generation Z and Generation Y, defined by their highly involved parents and the widespread use of technology, currently dominate undergraduate and graduate medical education respectively. It is necessary to explore medical trainees' generational characteristics and job-related factors related to stress, burnout, depression, and resilience. This might provide different perspectives and potential solutions to medical trainees' mental health. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical trainees (students and residents) from two institutions in Qatar. A self-administered online survey included measures for trainees' social media overuse, their parent's parenting style, the educational support by the clinical teacher, job (demands, control, and support), and work-life balance and their relation with their stress, burnout, depression, and resilience. Relationships were tested with multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS Of the 326 medical trainees who responded, 142 (44%) trainees - 93 students and 49 residents - completed all items and were included in the analysis. Social media overuse and inability to maintain a work-life balance were associated with higher levels of stress, depression, and student burnout. Higher levels of job support were associated with lower levels of stress, depression, and resident burnout, and a higher level of resilience. Job control was associated with lower burnout levels. Parenting style was unrelated to trainees' mental health. DISCUSSION The two generations 'Y' and 'Z' dominating current medical training showed more stress-related complaints when there is evidence of social media overuse and failure to maintain a work-life balance, while job support counterbalances this, whereas parenting style showed no effect. Measures to enhance medical trainees' mental health may include education about the wise use of social media, encouraging spending more quality social time, and enhancing job support and job control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen Suliman
- Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Margaret Allen
- Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tawanda Chivese
- Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Angelique E de Rijk
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Koopmans
- Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karen D Könings
- School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Madariaga D, Arro D, Irarrázaval C, Soto A, Guerra F, Romero A, Ovalle F, Fedrigolli E, DesRosiers T, Serbe-Kamp É, Marzullo T. A library of electrophysiological responses in plants - a model of transversal education and open science. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2310977. [PMID: 38493508 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2310977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Electrophysiology in plants is understudied, and, moreover, an ideal model for student inclusion at all levels of education. Here, we report on an investigation in open science, whereby scientists worked with high school students, faculty, and undergraduates from Chile, Germany, Serbia, South Korea, and the USA. The students recorded the electrophysiological signals of >15 plant species in response to a flame or tactile stimulus applied to the leaves. We observed that approximately 60% of the plants studied showed an electrophysiological response, with a delay of ~ 3-6 s after stimulus presentation. In preliminary conduction velocity experiments, we verified that observed signals are indeed biological in origin, with information transmission speeds of ~ 2-9 mm/s. Such easily replicable experiments can serve to include more investigators and students in contributing to our understanding of plant electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae Madariaga
- Colegio (High School) Alberto Blest Gana, San Ramón, Santiago, Chile
| | - Derek Arro
- Colegio (High School) Alberto Blest Gana, San Ramón, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Alejandro Soto
- Colegio (High School) Alberto Blest Gana, San Ramón, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Guerra
- Colegio (High School) Alberto Blest Gana, San Ramón, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Romero
- Colegio (High School) Alberto Blest Gana, San Ramón, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabián Ovalle
- Colegio (High School) Alberto Blest Gana, San Ramón, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elsa Fedrigolli
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Thomas DesRosiers
- College of Literature, Science, and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Étienne Serbe-Kamp
- Hirnkastl, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Research and Development, Backyard Brains, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Timothy Marzullo
- Research and Development, Backyard Brains, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Research and Development, Backyard Brains, Seoul, South Korea
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Liu J, Qiu S, Xue T, Yuan Y. Physiology and transcriptome of Eucommia ulmoides seeds at different germination stages. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2329487. [PMID: 38493506 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2329487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
E. ulmoides (Eucommia ulmoides) has significant industrial and medicinal value and high market demand. E. ulmoides grows seedlings through sowing. According to previous studies, plant hormones have been shown to regulate seed germination. To understand the relationship between hormones and E. ulmoides seed germination, we focused on examining the changes in various indicators during the germination stage of E. ulmoides seeds. We measured the levels of physiological and hormone indicators in E. ulmoides seeds at different germination stages and found that the levels of abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and indole acetic acid (IAA) significantly varied as the seeds germinated. Furthermore, we confirmed that ABA, GA, and IAA are essential hormones in the germination of E. ulmoides seeds using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics enrichment analyses of the transcriptome. The discovery of hormone-related synthesis pathways in the control group of Eucommia seeds at different germination stages further confirmed this conclusion. This study provides a basis for further research into the regulatory mechanisms of E. ulmoides seeds at different germination stages and the relationship between other seed germination and plant hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Civil and Architecture and Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
- Anhui Low Carbon Highway Engineering Research Center, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
| | - Sumei Qiu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xue
- Department of Civil and Architecture and Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Yingdan Yuan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Fransgo K, Lin LC, Rho H. Distinct interactions of ericoid mycorrhizae and plant growth-promoting bacteria: impacts on blueberry growth and heat resilience. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2329842. [PMID: 38493504 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2329842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Blueberries confront substantial challenges from climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme heat, necessitating urgent solutions to ensure productivity. We hypothesized that ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ErM) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) would establish symbiotic relationships and increase heat stress tolerance in blueberries. A growth chamber study was designed with low (25/20°C) and high temperature (35/30°C) conditions with micropropagated blueberry plantlets inoculated with ErM, PGPB, and both. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence properties of the leaves were monitored throughout the growth. At harvest, biochemical assays and biomass analysis were performed to evaluate potential oxidative stress induced by elevated temperatures. ErM application boosted root biomass under 25/20°C conditions but did not impact photosynthetic efficiency. In contrast, PGPB demonstrated a dual role: enhancing photosynthetic capacity and reducing stomatal conductance notably under 35/30°C conditions. Moreover, PGPB showcased conflicting effects, reducing oxidative damage under 25/20°C conditions while intensifying it during 47°C heat shock. A significant highlight lies in the opposing effects of ErM and PGPB on root growth and stomatal conductance, signifying their reciprocal influence on blueberry plant behavior, which may lead to increased water uptake or reduced water use. Understanding these complex interactions holds promise for refining sustainable strategies to overcome climate challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb Fransgo
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Chen Lin
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hyungmin Rho
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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He Q, Lei J, Chong D, Luk P, Chan E, Shen X, Tipoe GL, Chan L, Manio MM, Dizon JIWT, Ganotice FA. Unpacking the perceptions and experiences of student facilitators in interprofessional education: a qualitative study. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2330257. [PMID: 38493489 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2330257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing health professional students' effective learning and collaborative practice requires a deep understanding of strategies for facilitating interprofessional learning. While faculty members and clinical preceptors are recognized as facilitators in interprofessional education (IPE), there is limited knowledge about the impact of student facilitators' engagement in IPE. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of student facilitators in IPE. Thirteen student facilitators were recruited to lead an interprofessional learning program, and they were subsequently invited to participate in one-on-one interviews. An interview guide was developed to explore their motivations, expectations, engagement, effectiveness, and achievements in IPE facilitation. Thematic analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software to analyze the student facilitators' experiences and perceptions. Eight interviewees from various disciplines, including Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Speech and Hearing Sciences, and Social Work, took part in the study. The findings revealed that student facilitators highly valued their IPE facilitation experience, which aligned with their expectations and led to the creation of social networks, increased confidence, improved understanding of other professions, and the development of lifelong skills. Furthermore, the student facilitators demonstrated cognitive and social congruence by establishing a relaxed learning environment, displaying empathetic and supportive behaviors, and using inclusive language to engage IPE learners in group discussions. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of student facilitators in IPE, contributing to the evolving literature on IPE. A conceptual framework was developed to explore the entire facilitation experience, encompassing the motivations and expectations of student facilitators, their engagement and effectiveness, and the observed achievements. These findings can inform the development of peer teaching training in IPE and stimulate further research in identifying relevant facilitator competencies for optimal delivery of IPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junru Lei
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Doris Chong
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pauline Luk
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Medical Ethic and Humanities Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Enoch Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoai Shen
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - George Lim Tipoe
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linda Chan
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Michael M Manio
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John Ian Wilzon T Dizon
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fraide A Ganotice
- Bau Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Education, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhu Z, Geng Y, Ma L, Yao K, Chang R, Ma Y, Li J. Association between CBS gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2328147. [PMID: 38488417 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2328147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies indicate that the cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region may be correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to provide a comprehensive estimate of these associations. METHODS On the basis of searches in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP, and CNKI databases, we selected 14 case - control studies including 2123 cases and 2368 controls for this meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated accordingly using a fixed-effect or random-effect model. RESULTS The results indicated an increased risk between the CBS T833C gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to CAD under the dominant model (CC+CT vs. TT: OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11 ~ 3.32), recessive model (CC vs. CT+TT: OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.17 ~ 3.03), and homozygous model (CC vs. TT: OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 ~ 5.83). In these three genetic models, no significant association was identified for CBS G919A (AA+AG vs. GG: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.45 ~ 4.82),(AA vs. AG+GG: OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.93 ~ 2.70),(AA vs. GG: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.40 ~ 6.92) or CBS 844ins68 (II+ID vs. DD: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.80 ~ 1.35),(II vs. ID+DD: OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.36),(II vs. DD: OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.39). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the CBS T833C gene polymorphism is significantly associated with the risk of CAD and it shows a stronger association in Asian populations. Individuals with the C allele of the CBS gene T833C polymorphism might be particularly susceptible to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Zhu
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keying Yao
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruitong Chang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongming Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialong Li
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
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Liu S, Chen X, Zhang L, Lu B. CPT1A mediates the succinylation of SP5 which activates transcription of PDPK1 to promote the viability and glycolysis of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2329372. [PMID: 38494680 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2329372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinylation modification involves in the progression of human cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the role of CPT1A, which is a succinyltransferase in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). CCK-8 was used to detect the cell viability. Seahorse was performed to evaluate the cell glycolysis. Luciferase assay was used to detect the transcriptional regulation. ChIP was performed to assess the binding between transcriptional factors with the promoters. Co-IP was used to assess the binding between proteins. We found that CPT1A was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cell lines. Silencing of CPT1A inhibited the viability and glycolysis of PCa cells. Mechanistically, CPT1A promoted the succinylation of SP5, which strengthened the binding between SP5 and the promoter of PDPK1. SP5 activated PDPK1 transcription and PDPK1 activated the AKT/mTOR signal pathway. These findings might provide novel targets for the diagnosis or therapy of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Liu
- Medical Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Urology Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Liqi Zhang
- Laboratory Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Lu
- Laboratory Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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Eryilmaz IE, Egeli U, Cecener G. Association between the apoptotic effect of Cabazitaxel and its pro-oxidant efficacy on the redox adaptation mechanisms in prostate cancer cells with different resistance phenotypes. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2329368. [PMID: 38485703 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2329368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox adaptation causes poor prognosis by adapting cancer cells to excessive oxidative stress. Previously, we introduced an oxidative stress-resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) model (LNCaP-HPR) that redox adaptation reduced the effect of Cabazitaxel (Cab), the last taxane-derivative for metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC). Whereas, we investigated for the first time whether there is an association between the altered apoptotic effect and pro-oxidant efficacy of Cab on the redox adaptation in PC cells with different phenotypes, including LNCaP mPC, LNCaP-HPR, C4-2 mCRPC, and RWPE-1 cells. Cab was shown pro-oxidant efficacy proportionally with the apoptotic effect, more prominent in the less aggressive LNCaP cells, by increasing the endogenous ROS, mitochondrial damage, and inhibiting nuclear ROS scavengers, p-Nrf2 and HIF-1α. However, the pro-oxidant and apoptotic effect was lower in the LNCaP-HPR and C4-2 cells, indicating that the drug sensitivity of the cells adapted to survive with more ROS was reduced via altered regulation of redox adaptation. Additionally, unlike LNCaP, Cab caused an increase in the p-NF-κB activation, suggesting that the p-NF-κB might accompany maintaining survival with the increased ROS in the aggressive PC cells. Moreover, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Cab were less on RWPE-1 cells compared to LNCaP but were closer to those on the more aggressive LNCaP-HPR and C4-2 cells, except for the changing pro-oxidant effect of Cab. Consequently, this study indicates the variable pro-oxidant effects of Cab on redox-sensitive proteins, which could be a target for improving Cab's apoptotic effect more in aggressive PC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Ezgi Eryilmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Bahk S, Ahsan N, An J, Kim SH, Ramadany Z, Hong JC, Thelen JJ, Chung WS. Identification of mitogen-activated protein kinases substrates in Arabidopsis using kinase client assay. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2326238. [PMID: 38493505 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2326238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) cascades are essential signal transduction components that control a variety of cellular responses in all eukaryotes. MPKs convert extracellular stimuli into cellular responses by the phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Although MPK cascades are predicted to be very complex, only limited numbers of MPK substrates have been identified in plants. Here, we used the kinase client (KiC) assay to identify novel substrates of MPK3 and MPK6. Recombinant MPK3 or MPK6 were tested against a large synthetic peptide library representing in vivo phosphorylation sites, and phosphorylated peptides were identified by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. From this screen, we identified 23 and 21 putative client peptides of MPK3 and MPK6, respectively. To verify the phosphorylation of putative client peptides, we performed in vitro kinase assay with recombinant fusion proteins of isolated client peptides. We found that 13 and 9 recombinant proteins were phosphorylated by MPK3 and MPK6. Among them, 11 proteins were proven to be the novel substrates of two MPKs. This study suggests that the KiC assay is a useful method to identify new substrates of MPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwa Bahk
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jonguk An
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zakiyah Ramadany
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Hong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jay J Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Woo Sik Chung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Florea A, Sy L, Qian L, Ackerson B, Luo Y, Wu J, Cheng Y, Ku J, Vega Daily L, Takhar H, Song J, Chmielewski-Yee E, Spence O, Seifert H, Oraichi D, Tseng HF. Real-world effectiveness of recombinant zoster vaccine in self-identified Chinese individuals aged ≥50 years in the United States. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2327145. [PMID: 38488143 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2327145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of two doses of recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) against herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in Chinese adults at Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC). Chinese KPSC members were identified based on self-reported ethnicity or self-reported preferred spoken/written language. Those aged ≥50 years who received two doses of RZV 4 weeks to ≤ 6 months apart were matched 1:4 to RZV unvaccinated Chinese members and followed through June 2022; second doses were accrued 6/1/2018-12/31/2020. We estimated incidence and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing outcomes (HZ and PHN). Adjusted VE (%) was calculated as (1-aHR)×100. 3978 RZV vaccinated Chinese members were matched to 15,912 RZV unvaccinated Chinese members. The incidence per 1000 person-years (95% CI) of HZ in the vaccinated group was 1.5 (0.9-2.5) and 10.9 (9.8-12.1) in the unvaccinated group; aHR (95% CI) was 0.12 (0.07-0.21). Adjusted VE (95% CI) was 87.6% (78.9-92.7) against HZ. We identified 0 PHN cases in the vaccinated group and 19 in the unvaccinated group. Among Chinese adults aged ≥50 years, two doses of RZV provided substantial protection against HZ and PHN supporting the real-world effectiveness of the vaccine in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Florea
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lina Sy
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lei Qian
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Bradley Ackerson
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Yanjun Cheng
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Ku
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Leticia Vega Daily
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Harpreet Takhar
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jeannie Song
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - O'Mareen Spence
- Department of Epidemiology and Patient-Centered Outcomes, GSK, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Harry Seifert
- Department of Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance, GSK, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Driss Oraichi
- Department of Real World Analytics, GSK, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Hung Fu Tseng
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA
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11
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Ginaldi L, De Martinis M. Who needs education on LGBTQIA+ healthcare inclusion? Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2329403. [PMID: 38484289 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2329403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The topic of education on healthcare needs and equity of care for LGBTQIA+ populations is an extremely current issue. There is a demand for education on these topics not only from medical and other health sciences students but also from established healthcare professionals. Given this widespread educational deficiency, it is natural to ask whether the teaching class is prepared to satisfy these requests or in turn needs training on these issues and above all whether it is capable of transmitting attention and sensitivity on the issues of inclusion and equality in needs of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Technical Group for the Coordination of Gender Medicine, Regione Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Technical Group for the Coordination of Gender Medicine, Regione Abruzzo, Italy
- Long-Term Care Unit, "Maria SS. dello Splendore" Hospital, Giulianova, Italy
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- President bachelor's degree in Nursing, "Teramo hub" University of L'Aquila, Teramo, Italy
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12
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Wang C, Chen Z, Copenhaver GP, Wang Y. Heterochromatin in plant meiosis. Nucleus 2024; 15:2328719. [PMID: 38488152 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2328719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterochromatin is an organizational property of eukaryotic chromosomes, characterized by extensive DNA and histone modifications, that is associated with the silencing of transposable elements and repetitive sequences. Maintaining heterochromatin is crucial for ensuring genomic integrity and stability during the cell cycle. During meiosis, heterochromatin is important for homologous chromosome synapsis, recombination, and segregation, but our understanding of meiotic heterochromatin formation and condensation is limited. In this review, we focus on the dynamics and features of heterochromatin and how it condenses during meiosis in plants. We also discuss how meiotic heterochromatin influences the interaction and recombination of homologous chromosomes during prophase I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory P Copenhaver
- Department of Biology and the Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingxiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Elaydi S, Lozi R. Global dynamics of discrete mathematical models of tuberculosis. J Biol Dyn 2024; 18:2323724. [PMID: 38493487 DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2024.2323724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we develop discrete models of Tuberculosis (TB). This includes SEI endogenous and exogenous models without treatment. These models are then extended to a SEIT model with treatment. We develop two types of net reproduction numbers, one is the traditional R 0 which is based on the disease-free equilibrium, and a new net reproduction number R 0 ( E ∗ ) based on the endemic equilibrium. It is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R 0 ≤ 1 and unstable if R 0 > 1 . Moreover, the endemic equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if R 0 ( E ∗ ) < 1 < R 0 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Elaydi
- Department of Mathematics, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - René Lozi
- Department of Mathematics, Laboratory J.A. Dieudonné, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, France
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14
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Liu JQ, Zhou HB, Bai WF, Wang J, Li Q, Fan LY, Chang H, Shi SL. Assessment of progression of pulmonary fibrosis based on metabonomics and analysis of intestinal microbiota. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2024; 52:201-217. [PMID: 38488151 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2024.2326616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to explore the changes of biomarkers in different developmental stages of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in rats via comprehensive pathophysiology, UPLC-QTOF/MS metabonomic technology, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of intestinal microbiota. The rats were randomly divided into normal control and 1-, 2- and 4-week model group. The rat model of PF was established by one-time intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. The levels of inflammatory and fibrosis-related factors such as hydroxyproline (HYP), type III procollagen (COL-III), type IV collagen (COL-IV), hyaluronidase (HA), laminin (LN), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, malondialdehyde (MDA) increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased as the PF cycle progressed. In the 1-, 2- and 4-week model group, 2, 19 and 18 potential metabolic biomarkers and 3, 16 and 12 potential microbial biomarkers were detected, respectively, which were significantly correlated. Glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway was observed to be an important pathway affecting PF at 1, 2 and 4 weeks; arginine and proline metabolism pathways significantly affected PF at 2 weeks. Linoleic acid metabolism pathway exhibited clear metabolic abnormalities at 2 and 4 weeks of PF, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathway significantly affected PF at 4 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Hong-Bing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
- Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Wan-Fu Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Li-Ya Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
| | - Song-Li Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
- Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, PR China
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15
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Flierman M, Bossen D, de Boer R, Vriend E, van Nes F, van Kaam A, Engelbert R, Jeukens-Visser M. Parents' information needs during the first year at home with their very premature born child; a qualitative study. PEC Innov 2024; 4:100270. [PMID: 38495319 PMCID: PMC10940942 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective To obtain insights into parents' information needs during the first year at home with their very preterm (VP) born infant. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with parents of VP infants participating in a post-discharge responsive parenting intervention (TOP program). Online interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Inductive thematic analysis was performed by two independent coders. Results Ten participants were interviewed and had various and changing information needs during the developmental trajectory of their infant. Three main themes emerged; (1) Help me understand and cope, (2) Be fully responsible for my baby, and (3) Teach me to do it myself. Available and used sources, such as the Internet, did not meet their information needs. Participants preferred their available and knowledgeable healthcare professionals for reassurance, tailored information, and practical guidance. Conclusion This study identified parents' information needs during the first year at home with their VP infant and uncovered underlying re-appearing needs to gain confidence in child-caring abilities and autonomy in decision-making about their infants' care. Innovation This study provides valuable information for healthcare professionals and eHealth developers to support parental self-efficacy during the first year after preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Flierman
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam university of applied sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Bossen
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam university of applied sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rosa de Boer
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam university of applied sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eline Vriend
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fenna van Nes
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam university of applied sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anton van Kaam
- Department of Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raoul Engelbert
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam university of applied sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martine Jeukens-Visser
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Håkansson T, Svensson H, Karlsson S. Living with a person with young onset dementia - spousal experience. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2330233. [PMID: 38493492 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2330233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Being of working age while at the same time needing to help a partner with young onset dementia has specific consequences for spouses. Research to date has been sparse concerning this particular group of spouses. The aim of the study was to explore spouses' everyday experiences when living with a person with young onset dementia. METHOD The study had a descriptive qualitative design with semi-structured interviews with nine spouses. The interviews were analysed using content analysis. RESULT The interviewed spouses experienced emotions that varied from feelings of loneliness, frustration, and worry to peace of mind. They said that they used coping strategies, which included adopting a positive mindset, adapting to inabilities, adopting an avoidant approach, and finding ways to recharge. Spouses also felt that they could use more support, both formal and informal. CONCLUSION The spouse of a person with young onset dementia has a range of emotional experiences and has resourceful ways of handling everyday life. Various types of support are offered to spouses, however, they seemed to desire more from health care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Håkansson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Hilda Svensson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Staffan Karlsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
- Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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17
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Rana EA, Nizami TA, Islam MS, Sarker S, Rahman H, Hoque A, Rahman M. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiling of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from cats, Bangladesh. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-11. [PMID: 38487883 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2326848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a significant bacterial pathogen that frequently colonizes different body sites and mucous membranes of pets. The objectives of the cross-sectional study were to estimate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and detection of diverse resistance as well as virulence genes of S. pseudintermedius in cats. A standard bacteriological method, species-specific gene and different antimicrobial resistance as well as virulence genes were confirmed by PCR assay. A total of 233 swab samples were collected from different body sites of 102 cats, among them 146 swabs from 73 healthy cats, and 87 from 29 diseased cats. Overall, prevalence of S. pseudintermedius in cats was 12.01%, while dermatitis and otitis affected cats were 26.08% and 33.33%, respectively. The highest antimicrobial resistance was observed against penicillin (96.42%) followed by streptomycin (85.71%) and erythromycin (78.57%). Moreover, 89.28% of S. pseudintermedius isolates exhibit multi-drug resistance (MDR) (≥ 3 classes' antimicrobial resistant). In addition, 17.86% isolates harbored the mecA gene; thus, were classified as methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). Furthermore, the erythromycin resistance genes ermA and ermB were harbored by 25% and 10.71% of isolates, while 42.86% and 17.86% of isolates carried tetK and tetL (tetracycline resistance) genes, respectively. In virulence profiling, 32.14% (sea) and 10.71% (seb) of isolates were found positive for enterotoxin genes, whereas, the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tst-1) gene and the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene (pvl) were detected in 25% and 14.29% of isolates, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cats in Bangladesh for MDR S. pseudintermedius, MRSP, and their virulence profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana
- Department of Microbiology and Veterinary Public Health, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Tanvir Ahmad Nizami
- Department of Microbiology and Veterinary Public Health, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sayedul Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Subrata Sarker
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hafizar Rahman
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Azizul Hoque
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Teaching & Training Pet Hospital and Research Center, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram, Bangladesh
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18
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van Vliet MM, Schoenmakers S, Gribnau J, Steegers-Theunissen RPM. The one-carbon metabolism as an underlying pathway for placental DNA methylation - a systematic review. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2318516. [PMID: 38484284 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2318516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are proposed mechanisms explaining the impact of parental exposures to foetal development and lifelong health. Micronutrients including folate, choline, and vitamin B12 provide methyl groups for the one-carbon metabolism and subsequent DNA methylation processes. Placental DNA methylation changes in response to one-carbon moieties hold potential targets to improve obstetrical care. We conducted a systematic review on the associations between one-carbon metabolism and human placental DNA methylation. We included 22 studies. Findings from clinical studies with minimal ErasmusAGE quality score 5/10 (n = 15) and in vitro studies (n = 3) are summarized for different one-carbon moieties. Next, results are discussed per study approach: (1) global DNA methylation (n = 9), (2) genome-wide analyses (n = 4), and (3) gene specific (n = 14). Generally, one-carbon moieties were not associated with global methylation, although conflicting outcomes were reported specifically for choline. Using genome-wide approaches, few differentially methylated sites associated with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), or dietary patterns. Most studies taking a gene-specific approach indicated site-specific relationships depending on studied moiety and genomic region, specifically in genes involved in growth and development including LEP, NR3C1, CRH, and PlGF; however, overlap between studies was low. Therefore, we recommend to further investigate the impact of an optimized one-carbon metabolism on DNA methylation and lifelong health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein M van Vliet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sam Schoenmakers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Gribnau
- Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Burningham KM, Swali RN, Rady PL, Patel AB, Tyring SK. Resolution of painful trichodysplasia spinulosa with topical cidofovir: case report. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2328180. [PMID: 38493799 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2328180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare, disfiguring skin condition which presents with widespread asymptomatic or pruritic, skin-colored papules with white protruding keratin spiculations in immunocompromised individuals. Due to its rarity, there is little data to guide treatment decisions. The purpose of this article is to report a case of TS that completely resolved after treatment with topical cidofovir.Materials and methods: A 19-year-old immunosuppressed female presented with widespread painful, itchy bumps on the nose and face. Upon examination, there were erythematous papules with hyperkeratinized spicules affecting the central face. Biopsy of the lesions was consistent with TS which was confirmed via PCR analysis. The tenderness of this patient's eruption was highly atypical for TS. Once daily topical application of compounded 1% cidofovir cream was prescribed.Results: The patient's symptoms resolved completely after 4 weeks of therapy with topical cidofovir 1% cream, without reduction of immunosuppression.Conclusions: Topical cidofovir 1% cream may be a valuable treatment for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritu N Swali
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Bellaire, Texas, USA
- Dermatology and Laser Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter L Rady
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Bellaire, Texas, USA
| | - Anisha B Patel
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Bellaire, Texas, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen K Tyring
- Center for Clinical Studies, LTD, Webster, Texas, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Bellaire, Texas, USA
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20
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Tian S, Wang L, Han YW, Liu YN, Li FQ, Jin XH. Efficacy and safety of oral and vaginal administration of misoprostol for induction of labor in high-risk obese pregnant women with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2024; 37:2327573. [PMID: 38485520 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2327573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of misoprostol administered orally and vaginally in obese pregnant women at term with either gestational hypertension or diabetes. METHODS A total of 264 pregnant women were enrolled and categorized into two groups based on their primary condition: hypertension (134 cases) or diabetes mellitus (130 cases) and were further divided into subgroups for misoprostol administration: orally (Oral group) or vaginally (Vaginal group). The primary outcomes measured were changes in the Bishop score following treatment, induction of labor (IOL) success rates, requirement for oxytocin augmentation, duration of labor, mode of delivery, and cesarean section rates. RESULTS Significant enhancements in Bishop scores, decreased cesarean section rates and increased success rates of IOL were noted in both administration groups. The incidence of vaginal delivery within 24 h was significantly higher in the Vaginal group compared to the Oral group. Adverse effects, including nausea, uterine overcontraction, hyperfrequency of uterine contraction and uterine hyperstimulation without fetal heart rate deceleration, were significantly more prevalent in the Vaginal group than in the Oral group. CONCLUSION Misoprostol administration, both orally and vaginally, proves effective for labor induction in obese pregnant women with hypertension or diabetes. However, the oral route presents a lower risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, suggesting its preference for safer labor induction in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Tian
- Department of Obstetrics, Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Wei Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Nan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Qiu Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Jin
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
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21
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Wang T, Jiang R, Yao Y, Xu T, Li N. Anti-hypertensive therapy for preeclampsia: a network meta-analysis and systematic review. Hypertens Pregnancy 2024; 43:2329068. [PMID: 38488570 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2024.2329068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy disorder that represents a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. METHODS This network meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO. We searched the PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov. and Embase databases for studies published from inception to the 31st of March 2023. RevMan5.3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration was used for direct meta-analysis (DMA) statistical analysis. Funnel maps, network meta-analysis (NMA), the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) to rank the different interventions and publication bias were generated by STATA 17.0 software. RESULTS We included eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving a total of 1192 women with PE; two studies were of high quality and six were of moderate quality. Eight interventions were addressed in the NMA. In the DMA, we found that blood pressure in the Ketanserin group were significantly higher than those in the Nicardipine group. NMA showed that blood pressure in the Dihydralazine group was significantly higher than that in the Methyldopa, Labetalol, Nicardipine and Diltiazem groups. And the blood pressure in the Labetalol group was significantly lower than that in the Nicardipine group. SUCRA values showed that Diltiazem was more effective in lowering blood pressure than other drugs looked at in this study. CONCLUSION According to the eight RCTs included in this study, Diltiazem was the most effective in reducing blood pressure in PE patients; Labetalol and Nicardipine also had good effects. Diltiazem is preferred for the treatment of patients with severe PE and high blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruoan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine for Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingsha Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Lee JH, Kim SG, Jang KM, Shin K, Jin H, Kim DW, Jeong BC, Lee SH. Elucidation of critical chemical moieties of metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors and prioritisation of target metallo-β-lactamases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2318830. [PMID: 38488135 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2318830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The urgent demand for effective countermeasures against metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) necessitates development of novel metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors (MBLIs). This study is dedicated to identifying critical chemical moieties within previously developed MBLIs, and critical MBLs should serve as the target in MBLI evaluations. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a systematic literature analysis was conducted, and the NCBI RefSeq genome database was exploited to access the abundance profile and taxonomic distribution of MBLs and their variant types. Through the implementation of two distinct systematic approaches, we elucidated critical chemical moieties of MBLIs, providing pivotal information for rational drug design. We also prioritised MBLs and their variant types, highlighting the imperative need for comprehensive testing to ensure the potency and efficacy of the newly developed MBLIs. This approach contributes valuable information to advance the field of antimicrobial drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gyu Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Jang
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungmin Shin
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonku Jin
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Wi Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chul Jeong
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Larsson AL, Beck I, Janlöv AC, Einberg EL. Nurse assistants' experiences of encountering patients in grief due to the death of a loved one - a qualitative study in municipal health and social care. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2330116. [PMID: 38493488 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2330116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to explore nurse assistants´ experiences of paying attention to and encountering patients receiving municipal health and social care, who are in grief due to the death of a loved one. METHODS A qualitative study with focus group interviews (n = 6) was conducted with nurse assistants (NAs) (n = 28) in municipal health and social care (n = 5) in southern Sweden. The data were analysed inductively using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Three categories (1) Noticing changes in the patient, (2) Using different strategies to create a dialogue with the patient, (3) Experiencing challenges when encountering patients in grief, included eight sub-categories were identified. The result is captured in the theme of Having to be attentive to signs of grief after patients´ loss of loved ones, sensing the right time to approach and comfort, while having to cope with emotional challenges. CONCLUSIONS The NAs encountered expressions of strong emotions from patients in grief, and even expressions of a desire to end their lives. Additionally, the NAs had to deal with their own emotions that were evoked when meeting patients in grief. These challenges indicate the need for enhanced conditions in the work culture, and improved training and supervision in health and social care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lie Larsson
- The Research Platform for Collaboration for Health, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Ingela Beck
- The Research Platform for Collaboration for Health, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- The Institute for Palliative Care, Lund University and Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christin Janlöv
- The Research Platform for Collaboration for Health, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Eva-Lena Einberg
- The Research Platform for Collaboration for Health, Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Zhang X, Yang B. The serum levels of gasdermin D in uremic patients and its relationship with the prognosis: a prospective observational cohort study. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2312534. [PMID: 38486504 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2312534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the serum levels of gasdermin D (GSDMD) in uremic (end-stage kidney disease, ESKD) patients and their correlation with vascular calcification (VC) and clinical results. METHODS This prospective observational cohort study enrolled 213 ESKD patients who were undergoing regular maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) for > 3 months in our hospital from August 2019 to July 2022. The abdominal aortic calcification score (AACS) was used to assess the VC condition of patients with ESKD. Serum GSDMD, caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-18 and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic and clinical data were obtained. All patients were followed up for 1 year, and patients with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as having a poor prognosis. All data used SPSS 26.0 to statistical analyses. RESULTS The serum total cholesterol (TC) levels of patients in the AACS > 4 group were significantly elevated compared with those in the AACS ≤ 4 group. In addition, ESKD patients with an AACS > 4 had significantly higher serum levels of GSDMD, caspase-1, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-1β. Moreover, Pearson's analysis supported a positive correlation between GSDMD and caspase-1, IL-6, and IL-1β. In addition, we found that GSDMD levels were positively correlated with the clinical data (AACS scores and serum TC levels) of patients with ERSD. Additionally, ROC curves showed that the serum levels of GSDMD could be a potential predictive biomarker of moderate/severe VC and prognosis in patients with ESKD. Finally, the results of logistic regression indicated that GSDMD and AACS scores were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with ESKD. CONCLUSION Serum GSDMD levels were remarkably elevated in patients with ESKD with moderate/severe calcification. In addition, serum levels of GSDMD could be a potential predictive biomarker of moderate/severe VC and prognosis in patients with ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaPing Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Xu L, Cao F, Wang L, Liu W, Gao M, Zhang L, Hong F, Lin M. Machine learning model and nomogram to predict the risk of heart failure hospitalization in peritoneal dialysis patients. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2324071. [PMID: 38494197 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2324071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study presented here aimed to establish a predictive model for heart failure (HF) and all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with machine learning (ML) algorithm. METHODS We retrospectively included 1006 patients who initiated PD from 2010 to 2016. XGBoost, random forest (RF), and AdaBoost were used to train models for assessing risk for 1-year and 5-year HF hospitalization and mortality. The performance was validated using fivefold cross-validation. The optimal ML algorithm was used to construct the models to predictive the risk of the HF and all-cause mortality. The prediction performance of ML methods and Cox regression was compared. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 49 months. Two hundred and ninety-eight patients developed HF required hospitalization; 199 patients died during the follow-up. The RF model (AUC = 0.853) was the best performing model for predicting HF, and the XGBoost model (AUC = 0.871) was the best model for predicting mortality. Baseline moderate or severe renal disease, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), age, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score were strongly associated with HF hospitalization, whereas age, CCI score, creatinine, age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were the most significant predictors of mortality. For all the above endpoints, the ML models demonstrated better discrimination than Cox regression. CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a novel method to predict the risk factors of HF and all-cause mortality that integrates readily available clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic variables to predict the risk of HF among PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Nursing, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Meizhu Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fuyuan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Miao Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Mao H, Shen P. Trial of labor versus elective cesarean delivery for patients with two prior cesarean sections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2024; 37:2326301. [PMID: 38485519 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2326301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cesarean section (CS) rates have been on the rise globally, leading to an increasing number of women facing the decision between a Trial of Labor after two Cesarean Sections (TOLAC-2) or opting for an Elective Repeat Cesarean Section (ERCS). This study evaluates and compares safety outcomes of TOLAC and ERCS in women with a history of two previous CS deliveries. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, EMbase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched for studies published until 30 June 2023. Eligible studies were included based on predetermined criteria, and a random-effects model was employed to pool data for maternal and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS Thirteen studies with a combined sample size of 101,011 women who had two prior CS were included. TOLAC-2 was associated with significantly higher maternal mortality (odds ratio (OR)=1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.25-1.81) and higher chance of uterine rupture (OR = 7.15, 95% CI = 3.44-14.87) compared to ERCS. However, no correlation was found for other maternal outcomes, including blood transfusion, hysterectomy, or post-partum hemorrhage. Furthermore, neonatal outcomes, such as Apgar scores, NICU admissions, and neonatal mortality, were comparable in the TOLAC-2 and ERCS groups. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest an increased risk of uterine rupture and maternal mortality with TOLAC-2, emphasizing the need for personalized risk assessment and shared decision-making by healthcare professionals. Additional studies are needed to refine our understanding of these outcomes in the context of TOLAC-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mao
- Delivery Room on the 2nd Floor of the Inpatient Department, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, China
| | - Pinghua Shen
- Delivery Room on the 2nd Floor of the Inpatient Department, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, China
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Wang X, Wu L, Zhang W, Qiu S, Xu Z, Wan H, He J, Wang W, Wang M, Yin Q, Shi Y, Gao R, Xiang L, Yang W. Multi-omics analysis reveals promiscuous O-glycosyltransferases involved in the diversity of flavonoid glycosides in Periploca forrestii (Apocynaceae). Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1106-1116. [PMID: 38495554 PMCID: PMC10940802 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid glycosides are widespread in plants, and are of great interest owing to their diverse biological activities and effectiveness in preventing chronic diseases. Periploca forrestii, a renowned medicinal plant of the Apocynaceae family, contains diverse flavonoid glycosides and is clinically used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and traumatic injuries. However, the mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of these flavonoid glycosides have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we used widely targeted metabolomics and full-length transcriptome sequencing to identify flavonoid diversity and biosynthetic genes in P. forrestii. A total of 120 flavonoid glycosides, including 21 C-, 96 O-, and 3 C/O-glycosides, were identified and annotated. Based on 24,123 full-length coding sequences, 99 uridine diphosphate sugar-utilizing glycosyltransferases (UGTs) were identified and classified into 14 groups. Biochemical assays revealed that four UGTs exhibited O-glycosyltransferase activity toward apigenin and luteolin. Among them, PfUGT74B4 and PfUGT92A8 were highly promiscuous and exhibited multisite O-glycosylation or consecutive glycosylation activities toward various flavonoid aglycones. These four glycosyltransferases may significantly contribute to the diversity of flavonoid glycosides in P. forrestii. Our findings provide a valuable genetic resource for further studies on P. forrestii and insights into the metabolic engineering of bioactive flavonoid glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin 150006, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wanran Zhang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin 150006, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin 150006, China
| | - Huihua Wan
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jiang He
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Medicine, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qinggang Yin
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ranran Gao
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Medicine, Urumqi 830004, China
- Prescription Laboratory of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urmuqi 830000, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Medicine, Urumqi 830004, China
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Liu Y, Yang C. Computational methods for alignment and integration of spatially resolved transcriptomics data. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1094-1105. [PMID: 38495555 PMCID: PMC10940867 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Most of the complex biological regulatory activities occur in three dimensions (3D). To better analyze biological processes, it is essential not only to decipher the molecular information of numerous cells but also to understand how their spatial contexts influence their behavior. With the development of spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) technologies, SRT datasets are being generated to simultaneously characterize gene expression and spatial arrangement information within tissues, organs or organisms. To fully leverage spatial information, the focus extends beyond individual two-dimensional (2D) slices. Two tasks known as slices alignment and data integration have been introduced to establish correlations between multiple slices, enhancing the effectiveness of downstream tasks. Currently, numerous related methods have been developed. In this review, we first elucidate the details and principles behind several representative methods. Then we report the testing results of these methods on various SRT datasets, and assess their performance in representative downstream tasks. Insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each method and the reasons behind their performance are discussed. Finally, we provide an outlook on future developments. The codes and details of experiments are now publicly available at https://github.com/YangLabHKUST/SRT_alignment_and_integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Liu
- Department of Automation, School of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Can Yang
- Department of Mathematics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Shariff A, Kumar TMP, Siddalingegowda SM, Wani SUD, Elsobky Y. PharmD students experiences on end year clerkship evaluation using objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) method at JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India. PEC Innov 2024; 4:100271. [PMID: 38495318 PMCID: PMC10940797 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the PharmD student's experiences about end year clerkship evaluation conducted using Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) format at JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India. Methods The student's experiences were captured using a newly developed, 14-item, 5-point Likert's scale feedback form. The results were analyzed and presented descriptively. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the Likert's scale responses between the sex, entry level for PharmD and performance in the end year exam, whereas the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test was used to measure the strength of association between the Likert's' scale responses and these variables. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Thirty-seven students of fifth year PharmD attended the end year clerkship evaluation and provided their feedback. Out of the 14-items, the most frequent response in eleven items was strongly agree and in three items it was agree. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed statistically significant differences between regular and postbaccalaureate students with respect to Likert's scale responses in all the domains (p < 0.02). The Spearman's rank correlation test revealed no association between the students' performance and their experiences with OSCE as an assessment tool for the end year clerkship exam. Conclusions The study results demonstrate that OSCE is an alternative and preferred method of evaluating the clinical skills and competencies of fifth year PharmD students in their end year clerkship exam in India. Innovation For the first time in India, the JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, had successfully implemented the OSCE method for evaluating PharmD students' clerkship in their end year exam and had assessed their experiences about OSCE as an assessment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiqulla Shariff
- Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Teggina Math Pramod Kumar
- Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Srikanth Malavalli Siddalingegowda
- Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Shahid Ud Din Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Yasmin Elsobky
- Senior Research Specialist, ALNAS Hospital, Shubra El Kheima, Egypt 6210120
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30
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Bakker JW, Esser HJ, Sprong H, Godeke GJ, Hoornweg TE, de Boer WF, Pijlman GP, Koenraadt CJM. Differential susceptibility of geographically distinct Ixodes ricinus populations to tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2321992. [PMID: 38484290 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2321992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging pathogen in the Netherlands. Multiple divergent viral strains are circulating and the focal distribution of TBEV remains poorly understood. This may, however, be explained by differences in the susceptibility of tick populations for specific viruses and viral strains, and by viral strains having higher infection success in their local tick population. We investigated this hypothesis by exposing Dutch Ixodes ricinus ticks to two different TBEV strains: TBEV-NL from the Netherlands and TBEV-Neudoerfl from Austria. In addition, we exposed ticks to louping Ill virus (LIV), which is endemic to large parts of the United Kingdom and Ireland, but has not been reported in the Netherlands. Ticks were collected from two locations in the Netherlands: one location without evidence of TBEV circulation and one location endemic for the TBEV-NL strain. Ticks were infected in a biosafety level 3 laboratory using an artificial membrane feeding system. Ticks collected from the region without evidence of TBEV circulation had lower infection rates for TBEV-NL as compared to TBEV-Neudoerfl. Vice versa, ticks collected from the TBEV-NL endemic region had higher infection rates for TBEV-NL compared to TBEV-Neudoerfl. In addition, LIV infection rates were much lower in Dutch ticks compared to TBEV, which may explain why LIV is not present in the Netherlands. Our findings show that ticks from two distinct geographical populations differ in their susceptibility to TBEV strains, which could be the result of differences in the genetic background of the tick populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian W Bakker
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Helen J Esser
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hein Sprong
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Godeke
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Tabitha E Hoornweg
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Willem F de Boer
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gorben P Pijlman
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Mohamed AH, Alshammari MB, Aly AA, Sadek KU, Ahmad A, Aziz EA, El-Yazbi AF, El-Agroudy EJ, Abdelaziz ME. New imidazole-2-thiones linked to acenaphythylenone as dual DNA intercalators and topoisomerase II inhibitors: structural optimization, docking, and apoptosis studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2311818. [PMID: 38488131 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2311818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this article, a new series of 2-((3,5-disubstituted-2-thioxo-imidazol-1-yl)imino)acenaphthylen-1(2H)-ones were synthesized. Imidazole-2-thione with acenaphthylen-one gave a hybrid scaffold that integrated key structural elements essential for DNA damage via direct DNA intercalation and inhibition of the topoisomerase II enzyme. All the synthesized compounds were screened to detect their DNA damage using a terbium fluorescent probe. Results demonstrated that 4-phenyl-imidazoles 5b and 5e in addition to 4-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazoles 5h and 5j would induce detectable potent damage in ctDNA. The four most potent compounds as DNA intercalators were further evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against HepG2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 utilizing the MTT assay. The highest anticancer activity was recorded with compounds 5b and 5h against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 which were 1.5- and 3- folds more active than doxorubicin, respectively. Therefore, imidazole-2-thione tethered acenaphthylenone derivatives can be considered as promising scaffold for the development of effective dual DNA intercalators and topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa H Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohammed B Alshammari
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharij, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf A Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Kamal U Sadek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharij, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Aziz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Amira F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman J El-Agroudy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Sudha G, Saravanan N, Muthalakshmi M, Birunda M. Dynamically stabilized recurrent neural network optimized with Artificial Gorilla Troops espoused Alzheimer's disorder detection using EEG signals. Health Inf Sci Syst 2024; 12:25. [PMID: 38495674 PMCID: PMC10942965 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-024-00284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is an incurable neurological disorder that damages cognitive abilities, but early identification reduces the symptoms significantly. The absence of competent healthcare professionals has made automatic identification of Alzheimer's disease more crucial since it lessens the amount of work for staff members and improves diagnostic outcomes. The major aim of this work is "to develop a computer diagnostic scheme that makes it possible to identify AD using the Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal". Therefore, Dynamically Stabilized Recurrent Neural Network Optimized with Artificial Gorilla Troops espoused Alzheimer's Disorder Detection using EEG signals (DSRNN-AGTO-ADD) is proposed in this paper. Here, Dynamic Context-Sensitive Filter (DCSF) is considered to eliminate the noise, and interference from the EEG signal. Then Adaptive and Concise Empirical Wavelet Transform (ACEWT) is utilized to separate the filtered signals from the frequency bands, and to feature extraction from the EEG signals. Signal's characteristics, like logarithmic bandwidth power, standard deviation, variance, kurtosis, mean energy, mean square, norm are combined to ACEWT method to create feature vectors and enhance diagnostic performance. After that, the extracted features are fed to Dynamically Stabilized Recurrent Neural Network (DSRNN) for task classification. Weight parameter of DSRNN is enhanced using Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimization Algorithm (AGTOA). The proposed DSRNN-AGTOA-ADD algorithm is activated in MATLAB. The metrics including accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, computation time, ROC are examined for AD diagnosis. The performance of the proposed DSRNN-AGTOA-ADD approach attains 12.98%, 5.98% and 23.45% high specificity; 29.98%, 23.32% and 19.76% lower computation Time and 29.29%, 8.365%, 8.551% and 7.915% higher ROC compared with the existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Sudha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu India
| | - N. Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu India
| | - M. Muthalakshmi
- Department of Bio Medical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 62 Tamil Nadu India
| | - M. Birunda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu India
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Si Y, Liu L, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhao T, Liu S, Sun X, Cheng J, Lu H. Magnesium hydride protects against acetaminophen-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3/nf-κb pathway. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2330629. [PMID: 38494199 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2330629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute kidney injury (APAP-AKI) has turned into one of reasons for clinic obtained renal insufficiency. Magnesium hydride (MgH2), as a solid-state hydrogen source, might be potentially applied in clinical practice. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of MgH2 against APAP-AKI. The results showed that MgH2 improved renal function and histological injury in mice of APAP-AKI. MgH2 also had protective effects on APAP-induced cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells. In addition, the increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expressions of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and pro-apoptotic factors (Bad, Bax, Caspase3, and CytC) induced by APAP were downregulated with MgH2 treatment. Furthermore, the expressions of molecules related to TXNIP/NLRP3/NF-κB pathway (TXNIP, NLRP3, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65) in renal tissues and HK-2 cells were enhanced by APAP overdose, which were reduced by MgH2 administration. Collectively, this study indicated that MgH2 protects against APAP-AKI by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via inhibition of TXNIP/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Si
- Department of Internal Medicine, No. 944 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Jiuquan, China
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Internal Medicine III (Nephrology and Endocrinology), Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Lu
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Dong X, Wang R, Ying X, Xu J, Yan J, Xu P, Peng Y, Chen B. Construction and validation of an 18F-FDG-PET/CT-based prognostic model to predict progression-free survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Hematology 2024; 29:2329029. [PMID: 38488443 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2329029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) related parameters and the prognosis of multiple myeloma and to establish and validate a prediction model regarding the progression-free survival (PFS) of multiple myeloma. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 126 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients who attended Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2014-2021. All patients underwent PET/CT before treatment and were divided into a training cohort (n = 75) and a validation cohort (n = 51). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis incorporated PET/CT-related parameters and clinical indicators. A nomogram was established to individually predict PFS in MM patients. The model was evaluated by calculating the C-index and calibration curve. RESULTS Here, 4.2 was used as the cut-off value of SUVmax to divide patients into high and low groups. PFS significantly differed between patients in the high-SUVmax group and low-SUVmax group, and SUVmax was an independent predictor of PFS in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis suggested that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC), and SUVmax affected PFS. These factors were incorporated to construct a nomogram model for predicting PFS at 1 and 2 years in NDMM patients. The C-index and calibration curves of the nomogram exhibited good accuracy and consistency, and the DCA curves suggested that the model had good clinical utility. CONCLUSION The PET/CT parameter SUVmax is closely related to the prognosis of myeloma patients. The nomogram constructed in this study based on PET/CT-related parameters and clinical indicators individually predicts the PFS rate of NDMM patients and enables further risk stratification of NDMM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Dong
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhua Ying
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Han L, Song T, Wang X, Luo Y, Gu C, Li X, Wen J, Wen Z, Shi X. miR-21 Responsive Nanocarrier Targeting Ovarian Cancer Cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:196-204. [PMID: 38495121 PMCID: PMC10940798 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, DNA origami-based nanocarriers have been extensively utilized for efficient cancer therapy. However, developing a nanocarrier capable of effectively protecting cargos such as RNA remains a challenge. In this study, we designed a compact and controllable DNA tubular origami (DTO) measuring 120 nm in length and 18 nm in width. The DTO exhibited appropriate structural characteristics for encapsulating and safeguarding cargo. Inside the DTO, we incorporated 20 connecting points to facilitate the delivery of cargoes to various ovarian and normal epithelial cell lines. Specifically, fluorescent-labeled DNA strands were attached to these sites as cargoes. The DTO was engineered to open upon encountering miR-21 through RNA/DNA strand displacement. Significantly, for the first time, we inhibited fluorescence using the compact DNA nanotube and observed dynamic fluorescent signals, indicating the controllable opening of DTO through live-cell imaging. Our results demonstrated that the DTO remained properly closed, exhibited effective internalization in ovarian cancer cells in vitro, showcasing marked differential expression of miR-21, and efficiently opened with short-term exposure to miR-21. Leveraging its autonomous behavior and compact design, the DTO emerges as a promising nanocarrier for various clinically relevant materials. It holds significant application prospects in anti-cancer therapy and the development of flexible biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Han
- Department of Gynecology 2, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Song
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Gynecology 2, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Gynecology 2, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanqi Gu
- Department of Gynecology 2, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
- Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gynecology 2, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinda Wen
- Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Wen
- Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Shi
- Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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Kline AE, Moschonas EH, Bondi CO. Music as medicine for traumatic brain injury: a perspective on future research directions. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2105-2106. [PMID: 38488540 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Kline
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eleni H Moschonas
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Corina O Bondi
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Lipi L, Choudhary NS, Dhampalwar S, Kathuria A, Saraf N, Soin AS. Cytomegalovirus Duodenitis Causing Persistent Hypoalbuminemia and Ascites After Liver Transplantation. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101387. [PMID: 38495464 PMCID: PMC10943483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A 44-year-old male had persistent hypoalbuminemia and ascites after liver transplantation. Imaging of the liver and gastrointestinal system was normal. Urine examination was negative for proteinuria. A diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy was suspected, and a duodenal biopsy was done. Duodenal biopsy was positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV). The patient improved with CMV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipika Lipi
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, India
| | | | - Swapnil Dhampalwar
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, India
| | - Abhishek Kathuria
- Department of Pathology, Medanta The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Saraf
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, India
| | - Arvinder S. Soin
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, India
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Ray G. Applicability of Risk Scores to an Indian Cohort of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101370. [PMID: 38495460 PMCID: PMC10940981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Image 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Ray
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, B.R.Singh Hospital, Eastern Railway, Sealdah, Kolkata 700014, India
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Padhi BK, Gandhi AP, Sandeep M, Shamim MA, De A, Rathi S, Singh S, Duseja A, Taneja S. Prevalence of Frailty and Its Impact on Mortality and Hospitalization in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101373. [PMID: 38495461 PMCID: PMC10940980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Frailty in patients with cirrhosis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of frailty and its impact on mortality and hospitalization in patients with cirrhosis. Methods An elaborate search was undertaken in the databases "PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane, and preprint servers", and an assessment of all published articles till 17 February 2023 was done. Studies that provided data on prevalence, mortality and hospitalization among frail patients with cirrhosis were included. The study characteristics and data on the prevalence, mortality, and hospitalization were extracted from included studies. The primary outcome was to estimate the pooled prevalence of frailty and determine its impact on mortality and hospitalization in patients with cirrhosis. Results Overall, 12 studies were included. Data on prevalence of frailty and mortality were available in 11 studies, while seven studies reported data on hospitalization. The analysis conducted among 6126 patients with cirrhosis revealed pooled prevalence of frailty to be 32% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24-41). A total of 540 events of death revealed a pooled mortality rate of 29% (95% CI, 19-41). Six-month and twelve-month pooled estimates of mortality were found to be 24% (95% CI, 17-33) and 33% (95% CI, 23-45), respectively. The pooled hospitalization rate among the seven studies was 43% (95% CI, 21-68). Conclusion The prevalence of frailty in patients with cirrhosis is high, leading to poor outcomes. Frailty assessment should become an integral part of cirrhosis evaluation. Registry and registration number of study PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022377507.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya K. Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Aravind P. Gandhi
- Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India
| | | | - Muhammad A. Shamim
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Arka De
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sahaj Rathi
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Surender Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sunil Taneja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Bostrom N, Paull TZ, Nguyen MP. Outcomes of operatively managed periprosthetic distal femur fractures compared to fractures in patients with native knees. J Orthop 2024; 53:114-117. [PMID: 38495580 PMCID: PMC10940881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With the increasing incidence of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there is an expected rise in rate of periprosthetic fractures in the coming years. It is unclear how the outcomes of patients with distal femur fractures (DFF) and a total knee arthroplasty compare to patients of the same age group with native knees (NK). Materials and methods A retrospective review was completed for distal femur fractures treated with surgical fixation from January 2019-March 2021. We excluded patients <50 years old, non-ambulatory patients, revision surgeries, and patients with less than 90 days of follow-up. A chart review was performed to collect age, gender, BMI, smoking status, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification, fracture type, fixation method, time to full weight bearing, and complications. Comparisons between the TKA vs native knee groups were performed using t-test, chi-square, and Fisher's exact test where appropriate. Results 138 patients were included in our study with a mean age of 74 years. 69 DFF ipsilateral to a TKA were included in the study group and 71 DFF were included in the native knee group. Age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and ASA class were similar between the groups. All patients with periprosthetic femur fractures had 33A AO/OTA fracture classification. Patients with native knees were more likely to receive dual implant fixation, 15.5% compared to 4.3% (p = 0.02). Full weight bearing was achieved at 8.5 vs 8.6 weeks between the NK and TKA groups (p = 0.64). The complication rate was 16.9% in the NK group vs. 7.2% in the TKA group (p = 0.21). Conclusion Patients with periprosthetic femur fractures have similar time to weight bearing and complications rate with patients with distal femur fracture in native knees. We found a higher utilization rate of dual implant fixation in the native knee group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Bostrom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, 2512 South 7th Street, Suite R200, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Thomas Z. Paull
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, 2512 South 7th Street, Suite R200, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Regions Hospital, 640 Jackson Street, Mailstop 11503L, Saint Paul, MN, 55101, USA
| | - Mai P. Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, 2512 South 7th Street, Suite R200, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Regions Hospital, 640 Jackson Street, Mailstop 11503L, Saint Paul, MN, 55101, USA
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Wills CA, Liu X, Chen L, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Spiegelman VS, Sundstrom J, Wang HG. Chemotherapy-induced small extracellular vesicles prime the pre-metastatic niche to accelerate neuroblastoma metastasis. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101017. [PMID: 38495925 PMCID: PMC10940767 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carson A. Wills
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Longgui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Yuanjun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Vladimir S. Spiegelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jeffrey Sundstrom
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA 17033, USA
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Audisio A, Cacciola G, Braconi L, Giudice C, Massè A, Aprato A. Proximal femoral valgus osteotomy for the treatment of developmental coxa vara: a systematic review of the literature. J Orthop 2024; 53:87-93. [PMID: 38495579 PMCID: PMC10937198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Developmental Coxa Vara (DCV) consists on a pathological reduction in head-shaft angle (HSA) and increased femoral retroversion. Several case series reported outcomes on proximal femoral valgus osteotomy (PFVO), but no evidence synthesis had been conducted. This systematic review aimed to (1) analyze success rate and complications, (2) report the degree of correction according to the HSA and the Hilgenreiner Epiphyseal Angle (HEA), compare success rate and degree of correction of subtrochanteric (SVO) vs intertrochanteric (IVO) osteotomy, and (4) difference in success rate and correction between patients in which an internal (IF) or external fixation (EF) technique was used. Methods Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched until February 20th, 2024 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies presenting outcomes on PFVO for DCV with >2 years follow-up and >5 patients were included. Review articles, language other than English and coxa vara secondary to other conditions were excluded. Study quality was evaluated through MINORS criteria. Results 10 case series (level of evidence IV) were located for a total of 153 patients and 192 hips. Baseline results were as follows: male/female ratio was 1.45, mean age at surgery was 6.7 ± 1.5 and follow-up 5.1 ± 5.5 years. Overall success rate was 88.8%, with failure considered as any indication to revision surgery. Complications included loss of correction (10.9%), deep (1.0%) or superficial wound infection (2.6%). Revision surgery was performed in 18 hips (9.4%). Average correction was measured through HSA (preoperative 94.6 ± 8.1, postoperative 134.4 ± 10.2, change 38.2 ± 7.5°, p < 0.001) and HEA (preoperative 71.9 ± 5.5, postoperative 31.7 ± 5.7°, change 33.7 ± 10.5°, p < 0.001). Success rate was similar between osteotomy techniques (SVO: 91.0%; IVO: 94.1%; p = 0.48) and fixation strategy (IF: 85.4%; EF 95.8%; p = 0.096). Conclusions PFVO presented satisfactory results for the treatment of DCV, with similar outcomes concerning the osteotomy site and fixation technique used. HSA and HEA correction were correlated to PFVO success rate. However, coxa vara is a tridimensional deformity, thus other parameters such as posterior sloping angle, mechanical axial deviation and proximal femoral offset should be included in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Audisio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cacciola
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Braconi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Carmelo Giudice
- Pediatric Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aprato
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy
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Maddur H, Wilson N, Patil P, Asrani S. Rejection in Liver Transplantation Recipients. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101363. [PMID: 38495462 PMCID: PMC10943490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Rejection following liver transplantation continues to impact transplant recipients although rates have decreased over time with advances in immunosuppression management. The diagnosis of rejection remains challenging with liver biopsy remaining the reference standard for diagnosis. Proper classification of rejection type and severity is imperative as this guides management and ultimately graft preservation. Future areas of promise include non-invasive testing for detection of rejection to reduce the morbidity associated with invasive testing and further advances in immunosuppression management to reduce toxicities associated with immunosuppression while minimizing rejection related morbidity.
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Li Z, Xu L, Luo W, Zhang S, Hou C, Xu X, Peng X, Shiju E, Pathak JL, Zhang S, Liu J, Li L, Li Y. AI-driven analysis establishes the single base substitution signatures as personalized prognostic predictors for five-year survival of gastric cancer. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101030. [PMID: 38495926 PMCID: PMC10943050 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
- College of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China
| | - Lingqing Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Wen Luo
- College of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China
| | - Shaoan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
- College of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China
| | - Chunyu Hou
- Center for Learning Sciences and Technologies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories 999077, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Xubei Peng
- College of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China
| | - E. Shiju
- International School of Photonics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682022, India
| | - Janak L. Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Shizhen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Linhai Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
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Anish RJ, Nair A. Osteoporosis management-current and future perspectives - A systemic review. J Orthop 2024; 53:101-113. [PMID: 38495575 PMCID: PMC10940894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a geriatric metabolic ailment distinguished by low bone mineral density (BMD) and strength with enhanced micro-architectural retrogression of the extracellular matrix, further increasing bone fragility risk. Osteoporotic fractures and associated complications become common in women and men after 55 and 65 years, respectively. The loss in BMD markedly enhances the risk of fracture, non-skeletal injury, and subsequent pain, adversely affecting the quality of life. Methods Data summarised in this review were sourced and summarised, including contributions from 2008 to 2023, online from scientific search engines, based on scientific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Biochemical serum markers such as BALP, collagen, osteocalcin, and cathepsin-K levels can reveal the osteoporotic status. DEXA scan techniques evaluate the whole body's BMD and bone mineral content (BMC), crucial in osteoporosis management. Anabolic and anti-osteoporotic agents are commonly used to enhance bone formation, minimize bone resorption, and regulate remodelling. The challenges and side effects of drug therapy can be overcome by combining the various drug moieties. Conclusion The current review discusses the management protocol for osteoporosis, ranging from lifestyle modification, including physical exercise, pharmaceutical approaches, drug delivery applications, and advanced therapeutic possibilities of AI and machine learning techniques to reduce osteoporosis complications and fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajamohanan Jalaja Anish
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Trivandrum, 695581, India
| | - Aswathy Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Trivandrum, 695581, India
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Abbasi Holasou H, Panahi B, Shahi A, Nami Y. Integration of machine learning models with microsatellite markers: New avenue in world grapevine germplasm characterization. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101678. [PMID: 38495412 PMCID: PMC10940787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Development of efficient analytical techniques is required for effective interpretation of biological data to take novel hypotheses and finding the critical predictive patterns. Machine Learning algorithms provide a novel opportunity for development of low-cost and practical solutions in biology. In this study, we proposed a new integrated analytical approach using supervised machine learning algorithms and microsatellites data of worldwide vitis populations. A total of 1378 wild (V. vinifera spp. sylvestris) and cultivated (V. vinifera spp. sativa) accessions of grapevine were investigated using 20 microsatellite markers. Data cleaning, feature selection, and supervised machine learning classification models vis, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Tree Induction methods were implied to find most indicative and diagnostic alleles to represent wild/cultivated and originated geography of each population. Our combined approaches showed microsatellite markers with the highest differentiating capacity and proved efficiency for our pipeline of classification and prediction of vitis accessions. Moreover, our study proposed the best combination of markers for better distinguishing of populations, which can be exploited in future germplasm conservation and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Abbasi Holasou
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Panahi
- Department of Genomics, Branch for Northwest and West Region, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Shahi
- Faculty of Agriculture (Meshgin Shahr Campus), Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Yousef Nami
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Branch for Northwest and West Region, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran
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Gao X, Wang W, Xu J, Huang S, Yang K, Yang J, Chen Y, Wang G, Han M, Wang Z, Kang D, Yuan Y, Dai P. Characterization of SH3GLB1 in the auditory system and its potential role in mitophagy. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101018. [PMID: 38495924 PMCID: PMC10940771 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Weiqian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jincao Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Shasha Huang
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jinyuan Yang
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yijin Chen
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Guojian Wang
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhendong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Dongyang Kang
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yongyi Yuan
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Pu Dai
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
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Sadangi S, Saraiya H, Salunke AA, Bharwani N, Patel K, Pandya S, Warikoo V, Pandya S. The surgical management and oncologic outcomes of patients with fungating soft tissue sarcoma treated at a tertiary cancer centre and review of literature. J Orthop 2024; 53:94-100. [PMID: 38495576 PMCID: PMC10940886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Currently there is limited literature available on fungating soft tissue sarcoma and its effect of outcomes. In the current study we evaluated the surgical management and oncologic outcomes of patient with fungating soft tissue sarcoma. Materials and methods This was a retrospective observational study of patients with fungating sarcoma between January 2015 till January 2019 at a tertiary cancer care centre. A total of 59 patients were considered of which 16 had metastasis at presentation. The duration of symptoms prior to presentation averaged 10.2 months (median, 7.2months; range, 1-57 months). Median tumor length was 10 cm. Results 56% patients underwent amputation and 44% were treated with limb salvage. Following limb salvage surgery in10 cases primary closure of defect was performed and 6 cases required skin grafting for closure of defect. In 6 patients local flap was used for coverage of defect and 4 patients required free flap surgery. Two-year overall survival (OS) of the study cohort were 52.2% and 58% respectively. Two-year disease free survival (DFS) and OS in 43 non metastatic patients at presentation was seen in 58%(95% CI,38%-74%) and 66.5%(95% CI,42%-81%) respectively. The two-year disease OS in 16 patients with metastasis at presentation was 33.2 %. On univariate analysis, tumor size and metastatic at presentation had significant effect on survival. Conclusion Tumor size and metastatic at presentation has significant impact on survival in these patients. The oncologic outcomes including Disease free survival, overall survival and local recurrence rates similar amongst the two surgical modalities (amputation versus limb salvage). Amputation rates are more amongst fungating soft tissue sarcoma but limb salvage can be attempted whenever feasible keeping tumor free surgical margins under consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudam Sadangi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Hemant Saraiya
- Department of Onco-Plastic Surgery, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhijeet Ashok Salunke
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Nandlal Bharwani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Keval Patel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shivam Pandya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vikas Warikoo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shashank Pandya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Al-Otaibi HM, Sartor F, Kubis HP. The influence of low resistance respiratory muscle training on pulmonary function and high intensity exercise performance. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:179-186. [PMID: 38495300 PMCID: PMC10937314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Respiratory muscle training (RMT) was recognized as an effective means to improve respiratory muscle (RM) strength and enhance exercise performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of low-intensity RMT on RM strength, pulmonary function, and performance. Methods Fourteen healthy active adults were assigned randomly to either a training or placebo group. The training group completed six weeks of RMT, which consisted of a first week, 1 set of 15 min/d, 5 d/wk at 10-25% of maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax), and the remaining 5 weeks, 2 sets of 15 min/d, 5 d/wk, at 30% PImax. The placebo group followed the same protocol but with almost no additional ventilatory resistance. Measurement of RM strength and endurance, spirometry, and endurance exercise performance were obtained before and after the RMT program. Results In the training group, PImax (+14%) and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax, +27%), forced vital capacity (FVC, +3.6%), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max, +11%), and time to exhaustion (Tlim90%, +25%) increased significantly from baseline values (P < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the placebo group. Also, no significant interaction in maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV12), minute ventilation (VE), and respiratory rate (RR) were detected. Conclusions These data suggest that low-intensity RMT is an effective tool to improve RM strength, pulmonary elastic properties and endurance exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajed M. Al-Otaibi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesco Sartor
- Department of Sport Science, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Bangor University, United Kingdom
- Department of Patient Care and Monitoring, Philips Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Peter Kubis
- Department of Sport Science, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Bangor University, United Kingdom
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Patwa AK, Yadav K, Atam V, Usman K, Sonkar SK, Chaudhary SC, Kumar V, Sawlani KK, Gupta KK, Patel ML, Reddy DH, Gupta H, Gautam M, Kumar S, Kumar A, Yadav A, Bhagchandani D, Lamba M, Singh A, Mishra AK. Comparison of a Novel Score "NOD-ACLF" to Other Established Prognostic Scores for Prediction of Mortality in APASL-ACLF Patients: A Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center of North India. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101366. [PMID: 38495463 PMCID: PMC10940987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Commonly used prognostic scores for acute on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have complex calculations. We tried to compare the simple counting of numbers and types of organ dysfunction to these scores, to predict mortality in ACLF patients. Methods In this prospective cohort study, ACLF patients diagnosed on the basis of Asia Pacific Association for Study of the Liver (APASL) definition were included. Severity scores were calculated. Prognostic factors for outcome were analysed. A new score, the Number of Organ Dysfunctions in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (NOD-ACLF) score was developed. Results Among 80 ACLF patients, 74 (92.5%) were male, and 6 were female (7.5%). The mean age was 41.0±10.7 (18-70) years. Profile of acute insult was; alcohol 48 (60%), sepsis 30 (37.5%), variceal bleeding 22 (27.5%), viral 8 (10%), and drug-induced 3 (3.8%). Profiles of chronic insults were alcohol 61 (76.3%), viral 20 (25%), autoimmune 3 (3.8%), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 2 (2.5%). Thirty-eight (47.5%) were discharged, and 42 (52.5%) expired. The mean number of organ dysfunction (NOD-ACLF score) was ->4.5, simple organ failure count (SOFC) score was >2.5, APASL ACLF Research Consortium score was >11.5, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Lactate (MELD-LA) score was >21.5, and presence of cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunctions were significantly associated with mortality. NOD-ACLF and SOFC scores had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic to predict mortality among all these. Conclusion The NOD-ACLF score is easy to calculate bedside and is a good predictor of mortality in ACLF patients performing similar or better to other scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K. Patwa
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Khushboo Yadav
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Virendra Atam
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Kauser Usman
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shyam C. Chaudhary
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Kamal K. Sawlani
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Kamlesh K. Gupta
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Munna L. Patel
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Dandu H. Reddy
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Harish Gupta
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Medhavi Gautam
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ambuj Yadav
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Mahak Lamba
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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