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Wang L, Javeed Akhtar M, Naved Khan M, Asghar N, Rehman HU, Xu Y. Assessing the environmental sustainability gap in G20 economies: The roles of economic growth, energy mix, foreign direct investment, and population. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26535. [PMID: 38434083 PMCID: PMC10906299 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
There is serious debate among researchers regarding the sustainability implications of economic prosperity and energy dependence. Energy consumption has a critical linkage with economic growth, but it also degrades environmental quality. Therefore, it is important to investigate the relationship between economic growth, the energy mix, and environmental sustainability. However, empirical literature utilizes narrow variables to capture environmental sustainability. Because of this, this research introduces a new environmental sustainability variable using entropy weighting and combining deforestation, household carbon emissions, and life expectancy. This study examines the relationship between environmental sustainability, economic growth, and other selected variables using data from 2002 to 2019 for the G20 and its high-, upper-, and low-middle-income member countries. Since shocks in one G20 country can affect another, this study uses the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) technique for empirical analysis. The results of this study indicate that Gross Domestic Product (EG) and its square term did not support the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory. The energy mix has a positive impact on the environmental sustainability gap across all the samples except for the upper-middle-income group. Foreign direct investment positively affects this gap, while population growth has no significant impact. These findings demonstrate that policymakers should support environmentally friendly and clean energy sources to foster long-term economic growth and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of International Trade and Economics, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, China
| | - Muhammad Javeed Akhtar
- Department of Economics and Quantitative Methods, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Naved Khan
- College of Administrative and Financial Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabila Asghar
- Department of Economics, Division of Management and Administrative Science, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafeez ur Rehman
- Department of Economics and Quantitative Methods, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yifan Xu
- School of Accountancy, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, China
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2
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Ismail IH, Khatib SF, Abbas AF, Ali Khan MNA, Sulimany HGH, Bazhair AH. Crisis and environmental governance decisions amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from European countries. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25673. [PMID: 38370258 PMCID: PMC10867342 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on environmental governance decisions within publicly listed European companies. It utilizes a comprehensive analysis of publicly available data regarding these firms and check the environmental governance practices during the pandemic, informed by risk society theory which describes modern societies marked by ongoing risks and uncertainties primarily stemming from technological and scientific advancements. The regression and robustness analysis has been performed on how companies have responded to the crisis, specifically in terms of their approaches to environmental sustainability and governance. Covid-19 has a significantly positive impact on environmental governance (EG), with a coefficient of 18.73 and a p-value of .000. Other variables like human development (HD), size, and free cash flow (FCF) positively affect EG, while corruption (Corrupt) and leverage (Lev) have a negative influence. Robust analysis confirms the negative impact of Covid-19 on EG, with a coefficient of 18.46 and a p-value below .01, consistent across different subsamples. However, it also underscores the challenges companies have encountered in upholding their sustainability efforts amid the crisis. In sum, this research offers valuable insights into how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected environmental governance decisions, with potential implications for policymakers, regulators, and business leaders striving to advance sustainability in the post-pandemic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyad H.M. Ismail
- School of Business Management, University Utara Malaysia, Kedah 06010, Malaysia
| | - Saleh F.A. Khatib
- Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia
- Faculty of Business, Sohar University, Sohar, 311, Oman
| | - Alhamzah F. Abbas
- Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | | | - Hamid Ghazi H Sulimany
- Accounting Department, Faculty of Business Administration College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Hassan Bazhair
- Department of Economic and Finance, Faculty of Business Administration College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Estoque RC, Wu J. The resilience-sustainability-quality of life nexus. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169526. [PMID: 38135087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Social-ecological resilience (SER), sustainability (SUS) and quality of life including wellbeing (QOL) are distinct but highly interconnected goals that are essential for human survival, development, and adaptation to environmental and socioeconomic changes. However, these goals are often addressed in silos or pairs, and a framework explicitly linking all three is currently lacking. In this paper, we present the SER-SUS-QOL nexus framework and discuss how social and ecological changes affect these goals. The main thrust of this nexus is that efforts toward SER and SUS need to be explicitly framed in terms of the ultimate goal, which has to be the QOL of the present and future generations. We contend that critically assessing the dynamic interplay between SER, SUS and QOL, as well as the factors impacting them, can help promote transformative governance and planning in the contemporary era. Understanding the multifaceted interrelationship between these goals is crucial to empower planners and decision-makers to navigate the complexities of our rapidly changing world and address the challenges brought by interrelated social and ecological changes. To deepen our understanding of this nexus, more research is needed on various issues, including, but not limited to, trade-offs and synergies, cascading effects, spatiotemporal dynamics of SER, SUS and QOL outcomes, potential inconsistencies between SER and transformative changes toward SUS, and the role of local/indigenous/traditional ecological knowledge in transformative governance and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Estoque
- Center for Biodiversity and Climate Change, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan.
| | - Jianguo Wu
- School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Clement S, Jozaei J, Mitchell M, Allen CR, Garmestani AS. How resilience is framed matters for governance of coastal social-ecological systems. Environ Policy Gov 2024; 34:65-76. [PMID: 38516549 PMCID: PMC10953812 DOI: 10.1002/eet.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Effective governance of social-ecological systems (SES) is an enduring challenge, especially in coastal environments where accelerating impacts of climate change are increasing pressure on already stressed systems. While resilience is often proposed as a suitable framing to re-orient governance and management, the literature includes many different, and sometimes conflicting, definitions and ideas that influence how the concept is applied, especially in coastal environments. This study combines discourse analysis of the coastal governance literature and key informant interviews in Tasmania, Australia, demonstrating inconsistencies and confusion in the way that resilience is framed in coastal governance research and practice. We find that resilience is most often framed as (1) a rate of recovery from disturbance or (2) the process of acting in response to, or anticipation of, a disturbance. A third framing considers resilience as an emergent property of SESs. This framing, social-ecological resilience, accounts for multiple configurations of SES, which necessitates adaptation and transformation strategies to address changes across temporal and spatial scales. Coastal managers recognised the value of this third framing for governing coastal SESs, yet the confusion and inconsistency in the literature was also evident in how they understood and applied resilience in practice. Expanding the use of social-ecological resilience is essential for more effective coastal governance, given the dynamics of coastal SESs and the intensity of social, economic, and environmental drivers of change these systems face. However, this requires addressing the unclear, confused, and superficial use of resilience-oriented concepts in research and policy discourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Clement
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Michael Mitchell
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury-Wodonga, Australia
| | - Craig R. Allen
- Centre for Resilience in Agricultural Working Landscapes, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Ahjond S. Garmestani
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, USA
- Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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5
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Zhang X, Huang T, Wu D. Enhanced anaerobic digestion of human feces by ferrous hydroxyl complex (FHC): Stress factors alleviation and microbial resistance improvement. Chemosphere 2024; 350:141041. [PMID: 38151064 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) offers a reliable strategy for resource recovery from source-separated human feces (HF), but is limited by a disproportionate carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. Ferrous hydroxyl complex (FHC) was first introduced into the HF-AD system to mediate methanogenesis. Mono-digestion of undiluted HF was inhibited by high levels of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). FHC addition at optimum dosage (500-1000 mg/L) increased the cumulative methane (CH4) yield by 22.7%, enhanced the peak value of daily CH4 production by 60.5%, and shortened the lag phase by 24.7%. H2S concentration in biogas was also greatly decreased by FHC via precipitation. FHC mainly facilitated the hydrolysis, acidification, and methanogenesis processes. The production and transformation of VFAs were optimized in the presence of FHC, thus relieving acid stress. FHC elevated the activities of alkaline protease, cellulase, and acetate kinase by 32.3%, 18.2%, and 30.3%, respectively. Microbial analysis revealed that hydrogenotrophic methanogens prevailed in mono-digestion at high HF loading but were weakened after FHC addition. FHC also enriched Methanosarcina, thereby expanding the methanogenesis pathway and improving the resistance to ammonia stress. This work would contribute to improving the methanogenic performance and resource utilization for HF anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Deli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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6
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Sundqvist H, Tuominen A. Intermediaries and intermediation in building local transformative capacity for active and sustainable transport. Ambio 2024; 53:156-167. [PMID: 37668869 PMCID: PMC10692054 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Intermediation and transformative capacity building are identified as important issues in sustainability transformations. Yet the connection of these two concepts has not been systematically analysed. This empirical, qualitative case study on active transport in Finland investigates intermediation in building local transformative capacity. The study shows that intermediaries are a heterogeneous group of actors that support transformative capacity building by facilitating the flows of knowledge, linking actors, forming ties across different scales, and supporting visioning and strategic planning. Intermediation manifests in five of the seven elements of local transformative capacity building. Our study, thus, contrasts with previous understanding wherein intermediation is considered only as a criterion for multiform governance. As intermediation is central in building transformative capacity, it should be better acknowledged, particularly by authorities and policymakers to secure legitimacy, operational capabilities, and funding for intermediaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henna Sundqvist
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tekniikantie 21, 02044, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Anu Tuominen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tekniikantie 21, 02044, Espoo, Finland
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7
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Qiu J, Zhao H, Chang NB, Wardropper CB, Campbell C, Baggio JA, Guan Z, Kohl P, Newell J, Wu J. Scale up urban agriculture to leverage transformative food systems change, advance social-ecological resilience and improve sustainability. Nat Food 2024; 5:83-92. [PMID: 38168783 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Scaling up urban agriculture could leverage transformative change, to build and maintain resilient and sustainable urban systems. Current understanding of drivers, processes and pathways for scaling up urban agriculture, however, remains fragmentary and largely siloed in disparate disciplines and sectors. Here we draw on multiple disciplinary domains to present an integrated conceptual framework of urban agriculture and synthesize literature to reveal its social-ecological effects across scales. We demonstrate plausible multi-phase developmental pathways, including dynamics, accelerators and feedback associated with scaling up urban agriculture. Finally, we discuss key considerations for scaling up urban agriculture, including diversity, heterogeneity, connectivity, spatial synergies and trade-offs, nonlinearity, scale and polycentricity. Our framework provides a transdisciplinary roadmap for policy, planning and collaborative engagement to scale up urban agriculture and catalyse transformative change towards more robust urban resilience and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxiao Qiu
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ni-Bin Chang
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Chloe B Wardropper
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Catherine Campbell
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jacopo A Baggio
- School of Politics, Security, and International Affairs and National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Zhengfei Guan
- Food and Resource Economics Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Patrice Kohl
- Department of Environmental Studies, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Newell
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jianguo Wu
- School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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8
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Dery F, Bisung E, Dickin S, Soliku O. "Quenching the thirst of others while suffering": Embodied experiences of water vendors in Ghana and Kenya. Soc Sci Med 2024; 340:116490. [PMID: 38071884 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Informal water sellers (commonly known as water vendors) have emerged as part of urban water infrastructure systems in many low- and middle-income countries to meet the water needs of unserved urban populations. These vendors include water tanker operators, those who sell water from private standpipes and boreholes, and those who use hand carts, bicycles, tricycles to transport water around for sale. However, we know little about the embodied impacts of their work on their health and wellbeing. In this article, we consider how embodied experience can add to our understandings of water access and decent work in urban centers in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study examines health risks associated with informal water vending in three cities, Accra and Wa (Ghana) and Kisumu (Kenya), where close to 48%, 65%, and 26% of residents respectively rely on vendors for their drinking water needs. We used in-depth interviews to explore the lived experiences of 59 water vendors and perspectives of 21 local stakeholders. Water vendors were mostly exposed to injury, environmental pollution, stigma, and work-life balance. Vendors who transport water in containers using bicycles or hand-pushed carts and those who carry water around complained about harsh weather conditions, poor physical terrain, and abuse from customers. Female water vendors also complained about pregnancy complications, baldness and water related diseases. Female water vendors experience unique physical threats that may put them at greater risk for chronic health and safety impacts. Gaining a better understanding of the health risks faced by these water vendors will provide policy makers with greater insight into how water vendors can be better supported to provide more improved services to enhance greater access to safe water. Findings from this work are also important for contributing to social protection policies, promoting inclusive growth, and designing empowerment programs for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Dery
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, SKHS Building 28 Division Street, Division Street, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Elijah Bisung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, SKHS Building 28 Division Street, Division Street, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Sarah Dickin
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, Linnégatan 87D, 104 51, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ophelia Soliku
- SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, P. O. Box UPW 3, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana.
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Søgaard Jørgensen P, Jansen REV, Avila Ortega DI, Wang-Erlandsson L, Donges JF, Österblom H, Olsson P, Nyström M, Lade SJ, Hahn T, Folke C, Peterson GD, Crépin AS. Evolution of the polycrisis: Anthropocene traps that challenge global sustainability. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220261. [PMID: 37952617 PMCID: PMC10645130 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Anthropocene is characterized by accelerating change and global challenges of increasing complexity. Inspired by what some have called a polycrisis, we explore whether the human trajectory of increasing complexity and influence on the Earth system could become a form of trap for humanity. Based on an adaptation of the evolutionary traps concept to a global human context, we present results from a participatory mapping. We identify 14 traps and categorize them as either global, technology or structural traps. An assessment reveals that 12 traps (86%) could be in an advanced phase of trapping with high risk of hard-to-reverse lock-ins and growing risks of negative impacts on human well-being. Ten traps (71%) currently see growing trends in their indicators. Revealing the systemic nature of the polycrisis, we assess that Anthropocene traps often interact reinforcingly (45% of pairwise interactions), and rarely in a dampening fashion (3%). We end by discussing capacities that will be important for navigating these systemic challenges in pursuit of global sustainability. Doing so, we introduce evolvability as a unifying concept for such research between the sustainability and evolutionary sciences. This article is part of the theme issue 'Evolution and sustainability: gathering the strands for an Anthropocene synthesis'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Søgaard Jørgensen
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere Programme, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
- Anthropocene Laboratory, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raf E. V. Jansen
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere Programme, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel I. Avila Ortega
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere Programme, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lan Wang-Erlandsson
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Anthropocene Laboratory, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibnitz Association, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jonathan F. Donges
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibnitz Association, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Henrik Österblom
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Anthropocene Laboratory, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Olsson
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nyström
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven J. Lade
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas Hahn
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Folke
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere Programme, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
- Anthropocene Laboratory, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
- Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Garry D. Peterson
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne-Sophie Crépin
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Bagherzadeh S, Mianabadi H, Sadeghizadeh Bafandeh S, Ghorbani A, Deylami B. Normative Assessment of Enabling Factors for Adaptive Water Governance; Evidence and Lessons from the Hirmand River Basin, Iran. Environ Manage 2024; 73:144-161. [PMID: 37902876 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on analyzing the composing elements of the water governance regime in the Hirmand River Basin, Iran, this paper examines the factors that facilitate the emergence of Adaptive Governance in a Global South context. Although the literature provides valuable insights into the characteristics of a well-established Adaptive Governance regime in the context of the Global North, relatively little research has been conducted on Adaptive Governance's fostering factors in the states in the Global South. To address this gap, this study utilizes an analytical framework upon which the features of water governance regimes are assessed. A combination of primary and secondary qualitative data (survey research and document analysis) is used to evaluate the assessment framework, which aims to analyze the characteristics that enhance resilience to the imposed changes and disturbances in complex environmental and water systems. The analysis suggests that addressing scalar and sectoral tensions, well-functioning reflecting mechanisms, adaptable policies, and flexible financial mechanisms are vital requisites for the transition towards more adaptive forms of water governance. The results also propose that the formal water governance system in the region has felt the urgency to adapt to new circumstances; however, unlike cases from the Global North, it lacks the required agility to escape from the rigidity trap it finds itself in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Bagherzadeh
- School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Mianabadi
- Department of Water Engineering and Management, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Amineh Ghorbani
- Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Behavar Deylami
- Department of Water Engineering and Management, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Currie TE, Borgerhoff Mulder M, Fogarty L, Schlüter M, Folke C, Haider LJ, Caniglia G, Tavoni A, Jansen REV, Jørgensen PS, Waring TM. Integrating evolutionary theory and social-ecological systems research to address the sustainability challenges of the Anthropocene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220262. [PMID: 37952618 PMCID: PMC10645068 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid, human-induced changes in the Earth system during the Anthropocene present humanity with critical sustainability challenges. Social-ecological systems (SES) research provides multiple approaches for understanding the complex interactions between humans, social systems, and environments and how we might direct them towards healthier and more resilient futures. However, general theories of SES change have yet to be fully developed. Formal evolutionary theory has been applied as a dynamic theory of change of complex phenomena in biology and the social sciences, but rarely in SES research. In this paper, we explore the connections between both fields, hoping to foster collaboration. After sketching out the distinct intellectual traditions of SES research and evolutionary theory, we map some of their terminological and theoretical connections. We then provide examples of how evolutionary theory might be incorporated into SES research through the use of systems mapping to identify evolutionary processes in SES, the application of concepts from evolutionary developmental biology to understand the connections between systems changes and evolutionary changes, and how evolutionary thinking may help design interventions for beneficial change. Integrating evolutionary theory and SES research can lead to a better understanding of SES changes and positive interventions for a more sustainable Anthropocene. This article is part of the theme issue 'Evolution and sustainability: gathering the strands for an Anthropocene synthesis'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Currie
- Human Behaviour and Cultural Evolution Group, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Monique Borgerhoff Mulder
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87506, USA
- Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laurel Fogarty
- Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maja Schlüter
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Folke
- Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L. Jamila Haider
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guido Caniglia
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Alessandro Tavoni
- Department of Economics, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics, London WC2A 2AE, UK
| | - Raf E. V. Jansen
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Søgaard Jørgensen
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy M. Waring
- Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions and School of Economics, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5710, USA
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Weaver D, Moyle BD, McLennan CL, Casali L. Taming the wicked problem of climate change with "virtuous challenges": An integrated management heuristic. J Environ Manage 2023; 347:119136. [PMID: 37783088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is widely regarded as a "wicked problem" due to its complexity, interconnectedness, and the numerous stakeholders involved in finding a solution. The wickedness of climate change is further compounded by effects which are often nonlinear and uncertain, making it difficult to predict and manage its impacts. This paper builds on the growing body of knowledge on wicked problems by proposing an integrated heuristic that facilitates management in diverse economic and sociopolitical contexts by capturing the origins and dynamics of contemporary global socioenvironmental wicked problems and their potential resolution. The heuristic can also serve as the basis for a holistic wicked problem macro-theory. It is recognised that wicked problems such as climate change amplify into crisis states due to poverty and rigidity traps embedded within a system panarchy, which impede effective action for adaptation and mitigation. The concept of the "virtuous challenge" is embedded within the heuristic as a vital link in governance to enable effective leadership in the management of contemporary wicked problems through focused incremental transformation and a shift to an "agrowth" imperative. It is acknowledged that collaboration between stakeholders in the Global North and Global South is necessary for successful responses to virtuous challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weaver
- School of Management, QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Brent D Moyle
- Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
| | - Char-Lee McLennan
- School of Management, QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Luca Casali
- School of Management, QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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13
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Roux DJ, Taplin M, Smit IPJ, Novellie P, Russell I, Nel JL, Freitag S, Rosenberg E. Co-Producing Narratives and Indicators as Catalysts for Adaptive Governance of a Common-Pool Resource within a Protected Area. Environ Manage 2023; 72:1111-1127. [PMID: 37740737 PMCID: PMC10570219 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
The theory and practice of adaptive management and adaptive governance have been widely studied in the complex social contexts that mediate how humans interact with ecosystems. Adaptive governance is thought to enable adaptive management in such contexts. In this study, we examine four often-used principles of adaptive governance (polycentric institutions, collaboration, social learning and complexity thinking) to develop a framework for reflecting on adaptive governance of a social-ecological system-the Knysna Estuary in South Africa. This estuary is a priority for biodiversity conservation, as well as a common-pool resource central to livelihoods. We used the framework to structure dialogue on the extent to which the four principles of adaptive governance were being applied in the management of the Knysna Estuary. The dialogue included diverse stakeholders, from those who have the power to influence adaptive management to those most dependent on the resource for their livelihoods. Based on a combination of theory and current reality we then identified eight indicators that could be used to guide a transition towards improved adaptive governance of the estuary. These indicators were assessed and supported by most stakeholders. The main contributions of our research are (a) a process for combining theory and stakeholder dialogue to reflect on adaptive governance of a social-ecological system; (b) a set of indicators or conditions that emerged from our participatory process that can be used for reflexive monitoring and adaptation of adaptive governance of Knysna Estuary; and (c) a real-world example of seeking complementary links between adaptive governance and adaptive management to promote effective management of complex social-ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk J Roux
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Garden Route, South Africa.
- Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa.
- REHABS, CNRS-Université Lyon 1-Nelson Mandela University, International Research Laboratory, George, South Africa.
| | - Megan Taplin
- Parks Division, South African National Parks, Knysna, South Africa
| | - Izak P J Smit
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Garden Route, South Africa
- Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
- REHABS, CNRS-Université Lyon 1-Nelson Mandela University, International Research Laboratory, George, South Africa
| | - Peter Novellie
- Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
| | - Ian Russell
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Garden Route, South Africa
| | - Jeanne L Nel
- Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Freitag
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Garden Route, South Africa
| | - Eureta Rosenberg
- Environmental Learning Research Centre, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
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Harvey N, Garmestani A, Allen CR, Buijze A, van Rijswick M. Identifying untapped legal capacity to promote multi-level and cross-sectoral coordination of natural resource governance. Sustain Sci 2023; 19:325-346. [PMID: 38362047 PMCID: PMC10866184 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-023-01424-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Natural resource governance in the face of climate change represents one of the seminal challenges of the Anthropocene. A number of innovative approaches have been developed in, among others, the fields of ecology, governance, and sustainability sciences for managing uncertainty and scarcity through a coordinated approach to natural resource governance. However, the absence of an enabling legal and regulatory framework has been identified in the literature as one of the primary barriers constraining the formal operationalization of these governance approaches. In this paper, we show how these approaches provide tools for analyzing procedural mandates across governmental levels and sectors in the natural resource governance space. We also find that there has been inadequate consideration of the potential in existing laws and regulations for cross-sectoral and multi-level coordination of natural resource governance. On this basis, we develop and apply a protocol that draws on the traditional legal method of doctrinal analysis to demonstrate how to identify existing, untapped legal capacity to promote coordinated governance of natural resources through an in-depth case study of water resources in South Africa. We then show how these untapped capacities within existing legal structures may be operationalized to improve natural resource governance. Further, this protocol is portable to other countries, provinces (states), and localities around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Harvey
- Utrecht University Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University, 3584 BH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ahjond Garmestani
- Utrecht University Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University, 3584 BH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA
- Center for Resilience in Agricultural Working Landscapes, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Craig R. Allen
- Center for Resilience in Agricultural Working Landscapes, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Anoeska Buijze
- Utrecht University Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University, 3584 BH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen van Rijswick
- Utrecht University Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University, 3584 BH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Saroha B, Kumar A, Bhan V, Singh S, Tumba K, Singh P, Bahadur I. Interaction of heavy metals in Drosophila melanogaster larvae: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and single-cell electrophoresis study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8810-8823. [PMID: 36411739 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2137587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the Murraya Koenigii (CuLE) and Tinospora Crispa (TiSE) antimutagenic effect and the impact of industrial soil and solid waste leachate on Drosophila larvae. Larvae were exposed to leachate prepared at different pH (7, 4.93, 2.88) and treated with TiSE and CuLE at different concentration (4 g/L and 6 g/L) mixed with standard Drosophila medium. Emphasis was given to the binding interaction of heavy metals with proteins in Drosophila. The change in structure and molecular composition in Drosophila by leachate containing heavy metals induced toxicity has been studied by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results from the study demonstrated that CuLE/TiSE administration restored the level of oxidative stress as evidenced by an enhanced antioxidant system and a decrease in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. The amide I and amide II bands spectral shifting revealed the binding interaction. The shift in the peak of PO2- asymmetric stretching might be due to compositional changes in nucleic acids. Single-cell electrophoresis was performed to detect the DNA damage which also proved to be ameliorated by administration of CuLE/TiSE. The result concludes that CuLE/TiSE may have great potential in the protection of Drosophila larvae from leachate induced oxidative stress through antioxidant and antimutagenic mechanisms this might help to cope with environmental toxicants.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Saroha
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, MDU, Rohtak, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, SGRR (PG) College, Dehradun, India
| | - V Bhan
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, MDU, Rohtak, India
| | - S Singh
- Thermodynamics-Materials-Separations Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, uMlazi, South Africa
| | - K Tumba
- Thermodynamics-Materials-Separations Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, uMlazi, South Africa
| | - P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma (ARSD) College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - I Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Mmabatho, South Africa
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Canellas ALB, Laport MS. The biotechnological potential of Aeromonas: a bird's eye view. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:543-555. [PMID: 35687715 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2083940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas comprises Gram-negative bacilli widely distributed in aquatic habitats that can also be found in the terrestrial environment and in close association with humans and animals. Aeromonas spp. are particularly versatile bacteria, with high genomic plasticity and notable capacity to adapt to different environments and extreme conditions. On account of being mostly associated with their pathogenic potential, research on the biotechnological potentialities of Aeromonas spp. is considerably scarce when compared to other bacterial groups. Nonetheless, studies over the years have been hinting at several interesting hidden potentialities in this bacterial group, especially with the recent advances in whole-genome sequencing, unveiling Aeromonas spp. as interesting candidates for the discovery of novel industrial biocatalysts, bioremediation strategies, and biopolyester production. In this context, the present study aims to provide an overview of the main biotechnological applications reported in the genus Aeromonas and provide new insights into the further exploration of these frequently overlooked, yet fascinating, bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luiza Bauer Canellas
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Molecular e Marinha, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marinella Silva Laport
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Molecular e Marinha, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Parra Rubio A, Fan D, Jenett B, del Águila Ferrandis J, Tourlomousis F, Abdel-Rahman A, Preiss D, Zemánek J, Triantafyllou M, Gershenfeld N. Modular Morphing Lattices for Large-Scale Underwater Continuum Robotic Structures. Soft Robot 2023; 10:724-736. [PMID: 36730716 PMCID: PMC10442689 DOI: 10.1089/soro.2022.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present a method to construct meter-scale deformable structures for underwater robotic applications by discretely assembling mechanical metamaterials. We address the challenge of scaling up nature-like deformable structures while remaining structurally efficient by combining rigid and compliant facets to form custom unit cells that assemble into lattices. The unit cells generate controlled local anisotropies that architect the global deformation of the robotic structure. The resulting flexibility allows better unsteady flow control that enables highly efficient propulsion and optimized force profile manipulations. We demonstrate the utility of this approach in two models. The first is a morphing beam snake-like robot that can generate thrust at specific anguilliform swimming parameters. The second is a morphing surface hydrofoil that, when compared with a rigid wing at the same angles of attack (AoAs), can increase the lift coefficient up to 0.6. In addition, in lower AoAs, the L ∕ D ratio improves by 5 times, whereas in higher angles it improves by 1.25 times. The resulting hydrodynamic performance demonstrates the potential to achieve accessible, scalable, and simple to design and assemble morphing structures for more efficient and effective future ocean exploration and exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Parra Rubio
- Center for Bits and Atoms of USA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dixia Fan
- Intelligent and Informational Fluid Mechanics Laboratory, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benjamin Jenett
- Discrete Lattice Industries, LLC, Laguna Beach, California, USA
| | - José del Águila Ferrandis
- Sea Grant and Mechanical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Amira Abdel-Rahman
- Center for Bits and Atoms of USA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Preiss
- Center for Bits and Atoms of USA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jiri Zemánek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Triantafyllou
- Sea Grant and Mechanical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neil Gershenfeld
- Center for Bits and Atoms of USA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Spake R, Bowler DE, Callaghan CT, Blowes SA, Doncaster CP, Antão LH, Nakagawa S, McElreath R, Chase JM. Understanding 'it depends' in ecology: a guide to hypothesising, visualising and interpreting statistical interactions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:983-1002. [PMID: 36859791 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Ecologists routinely use statistical models to detect and explain interactions among ecological drivers, with a goal to evaluate whether an effect of interest changes in sign or magnitude in different contexts. Two fundamental properties of interactions are often overlooked during the process of hypothesising, visualising and interpreting interactions between drivers: the measurement scale - whether a response is analysed on an additive or multiplicative scale, such as a ratio or logarithmic scale; and the symmetry - whether dependencies are considered in both directions. Overlooking these properties can lead to one or more of three inferential errors: misinterpretation of (i) the detection and magnitude (Type-D error), and (ii) the sign of effect modification (Type-S error); and (iii) misidentification of the underlying processes (Type-A error). We illustrate each of these errors with a broad range of ecological questions applied to empirical and simulated data sets. We demonstrate how meta-analysis, a widely used approach that seeks explicitly to characterise context dependence, is especially prone to all three errors. Based on these insights, we propose guidelines to improve hypothesis generation, testing, visualisation and interpretation of interactions in ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Spake
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, RG6 6EX, Reading, UK
| | - Diana E Bowler
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, OX10 8BB, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Corey T Callaghan
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle - Wittenberg, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, 33314-7719, FL, USA
| | - Shane A Blowes
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - C Patrick Doncaster
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - Laura H Antão
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- UNSW Data Science Hub, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard McElreath
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Zahoor B, Songer M, Liu X, Huang Q, Dai Y. Identifying stable and overlapping habitats for a predator (common leopard) and prey species (Himalayan grey goral & Himalayan grey langur) in northern Pakistan. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023; 43:e02418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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20
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Leroy F, Reif J, Storch D, Keil P. How has bird biodiversity changed over time? A review across spatio-temporal scales. Basic Appl Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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21
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Hiyoshi A, Honjo K, Platts LG, Suzuki Y, Shipley MJ, Iso H, Kondo N, Brunner EJ. Trends in health and health inequality during the Japanese economic stagnation: Implications for a healthy planet. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101356. [PMID: 36852377 PMCID: PMC9958394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human health and wellbeing may depend on economic growth, the implication being that policymakers need to choose between population health and the health of ecosystems. Over two decades of low economic growth, Japan's life expectancy grew. Here we assess the temporal changes of subjective health and health inequality during the long-term low economic growth period. Methods Eight triennial cross-sectional nationally representative surveys in Japan over the period of economic stagnation from 1992 to 2013 were used (n = 625,262). Health is defined positively as wellbeing, and negatively as poor health, based on self-rated health. We used Slope and Relative Indices of Inequality to model inequalities in self-rated health based on household income. Temporal changes in health and health inequalities over time were examined separately for children/adolescents, working-age adults, young-old and old-old. Results At the end of the period of economic stagnation (2013), compared to the beginning (1992), the overall prevalence of wellbeing declined slightly in all age groups. However, poor health was stable or declined in the young-old and old-old, respectively, and increased only in working-age adults (Prevalence ratio: 1.14, 95% CI 1.08, 1.20, <0.001). Over time, inequality in wellbeing and poor self-rated health were observed in adults but less consistently for children, but the inequalities did not widen in any age group between the start and end of the stagnation period. Conclusions Although this study was a case study of one country, Japan, and inference to other countries cannot be made with certainty, the findings provide evidence that low economic growth over two decades did not inevitably translate to unfavourable population health. Japanese health inequalities according to income were stable during the study period. Therefore, this study highlighted the possibility that for high-income countries, low economic growth may be compatible with good population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Hiyoshi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author. . Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Kaori Honjo
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Loretta G. Platts
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuka Suzuki
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Martin J. Shipley
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Global Health and Medicine, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eric J. Brunner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Macedo ADC, Souza-Esquerdo VF, Borsatto RS. Neoliberal agenda and the dismantling of socially-efficient public food procurement programs: An emblematic case. Global Food Security 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2023.100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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23
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Gao Y, Clark SG. An interdisciplinary conception of human-wildlife coexistence. J Nat Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Mayer P, Grêt-Regamey A, Ciucci P, Salliou N, Stritih A. Mapping human- and bear-centered perspectives on coexistence using a participatory Bayesian framework. J Nat Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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25
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Boiteau JM, Pingali P. Can we agree on a food loss and waste definition? An assessment of definitional elements for a globally applicable framework. Global Food Security 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2023.100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Yang Y, Bian Z, Ren W, Wu J, Liu J, Shrestha N. Spatial patterns and hotspots of plant invasion in China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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Zhang XW, Wang L, Zhao N, Dunn DW, Yu X, Ye X. How to promote terrestrial herbivores’ conservation in areas where small-scale agriculturalists set up fences − An analysis based on evolutionary game theory. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
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Niu J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Liu H, Fan B, Zhang R, Jin Y. Unraveling the role of absorbed O/OH on methane total oxidation on Cu surface. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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29
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Marchal B, Michielsen J, Simon S, Verdonck K, Accoe K, Tonga C, Polman K, Tawaytibhongs O, Cornu T, Dens S, Sy H, Nieto-Sanchez C, Van Belle S. Making 'resilience' useful again: recognising health system resilience as an effective boundary object. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:bmjgh-2023-012064. [PMID: 37247871 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Marchal
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Joris Michielsen
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Sara Simon
- Department of Conflict Resolution, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristien Verdonck
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Accoe
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Katja Polman
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Cornu
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Family Medicine and Population Health Department, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Dens
- Research Group for Urban Development, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Houssynatou Sy
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Sara Van Belle
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Abstract
Soil viruses are highly abundant and have important roles in the regulation of host dynamics and soil ecology. Climate change is resulting in unprecedented changes to soil ecosystems and the life forms that reside there, including viruses. In this Review, we explore our current understanding of soil viral diversity and ecology, and we discuss how climate change (such as extended and extreme drought events or more flooding and altered precipitation patterns) is influencing soil viruses. Finally, we provide our perspective on future research needs to better understand how climate change will impact soil viral ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet K Jansson
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Ruonan Wu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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31
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Caso G, Rizzo G, Migliore G, Vecchio R. Loss framing effect on reducing excessive red and processed meat consumption: Evidence from Italy. Meat Sci 2023; 199:109135. [PMID: 36796286 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A reduction of meat consumption is crucial for addressing public health problems, especially in industrialized countries. Among low-cost interventions, emotionally provocative health-information strategies could be effective options in fostering meat reduction. Through an online experimental survey, administrated to a quota-based national sample (N = 1142), this study analysed the profile of Italians consuming red/processed meat above World Health Organization (WHO) recommended amounts. Via a between-subjects design, the research tested whether two health frame-nudges (societal impact and individual impact of over consumption) persuaded these individuals to reduce future meat consumption. Results showed that adhering to an omnivore diet, higher consumption of meat than peers, household size (larger) and positive moral perception of meat consumption increased the likelihood of overconsumption. In addition, both nudges proved to be effective in positively impacting future intentions to reduce meat consumption among individuals exceeding WHO recommended amounts. The two frame-nudges were more effective among females, respondents with children in the household and individuals with a low health status perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerarda Caso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 96, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Rizzo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 4, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Migliore
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 4, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Vecchio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 96, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy.
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32
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Yuh YG, Tracz W, Matthews HD, Turner SE. Application of machine learning approaches for land cover monitoring in northern Cameroon. ECOL INFORM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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33
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Del Prado A, Lynch J, Liu S, Ridoutt B, Pardo G, Mitloehner F. Animal board invited review: Opportunities and challenges in using GWP* to report the impact of ruminant livestock on global temperature change. Animal 2023; 17:100790. [PMID: 37099893 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminant livestock is a large contributor of CH4 emissions globally. Assessing how this CH4 and other greenhouse gases (GHG) from livestock contribute to anthropogenic climate change is key to understanding their role in achieving any temperature targets. The climate impacts of livestock, as well as other sectors or products/services, are generally expressed as CO2-equivalents using 100-year Global Warming Potentials (GWP100). However, the GWP100 cannot be used to translate emission pathways of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) emissions to their temperature outcomes. A key limitation of handling long- and short-lived gases in the same manner is revealed in the context of any potential temperature stabilisation goals: to achieve this outcome, emissions of long-lived gases must decline to net-zero, but this is not the case for SLCPs. A recent alternative metric, GWP* (so-called 'GWP-star'), has been proposed to overcome these concerns. GWP* allows for simple appraisals of warming over time for emission series of different GHGs that may not be obvious if using pulse-emission metrics (i.e. GWP100). In this article, we explore some of the strengths and limitations of GWP* for reporting the contribution of ruminant livestock systems to global temperature change. A number of case studies are used to illustrate the potential use of the GWP* metric to, for example, understand the current contribution of different ruminant livestock production systems to global warming, appraise how different production systems or mitigations compare (having a temporal element), and seeing how possible emission pathways driven by changes in production, emissions intensity and gas composition show different impacts over time. We suggest that for some contexts, particularly if trying to directly infer contributions to additional warming, GWP* or similar approaches can provide important insight that would not be gained from conventional GWP100 reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Del Prado
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Edificio Sede N° 1, Planta 1ª, Parque Científico de UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Bilbao, Spain.
| | - J Lynch
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - B Ridoutt
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Clayton South, Victoria, Australia; University of the Free State, Department of Agricultural Economics, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - G Pardo
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Edificio Sede N° 1, Planta 1ª, Parque Científico de UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - F Mitloehner
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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34
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Scown MW, Craig RK, Allen CR, Gunderson L, Angeler DG, Garcia JH, Garmestani A. Towards a global sustainable development agenda built on social-ecological resilience. Glob Sustain 2023; 6:1-14. [PMID: 37692862 PMCID: PMC10489559 DOI: 10.1017/sus.2023.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-technical summary The United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs) articulate societal aspirations for people and our planet. Many scientists have criticised the SDGs and some have suggested that a better understanding of the complex interactions between society and the environment should underpin the next global development agenda. We further this discussion through the theory of social-ecological resilience, which emphasises the ability of systems to absorb, adapt, and transform in the face of change. We determine the strengths of the current SDGs, which should form a basis for the next agenda, and identify key gaps that should be filled. Technical summary The United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs) are past their halfway point and the next global development agenda will soon need to be developed. While laudable, the SDGs have received strong criticism from many, and scholars have proposed that adopting complex adaptive or social-ecological system approaches would increase the effectiveness of the agenda. Here we dive deeper into these discussions to explore how the theory of social-ecological resilience could serve as a strong foundation for the next global sustainable development agenda. We identify the strengths and weaknesses of the current SDGs by determining which of the 169 targets address each of 43 factors affecting social-ecological resilience that we have compiled from the literature. The SDGs with the strongest connections to social-ecological resilience are the environment-focus goals (SDGs 2, 6, 13, 14, 15), which are also the goals consistently under-prioritised in the implementation of the current agenda. In terms of the 43 factors affecting social-ecological resilience, the SDG strengths lie in their communication, inclusive decision making, financial support, regulatory incentives, economic diversity, and transparency in governance and law. On the contrary, ecological factors of resilience are seriously lacking in the SDGs, particularly with regards to scale, cross-scale interactions, and non-stationarity. Social media summary The post-2030 agenda should build on strengths of SDGs 2, 6, 13, 14, 15, and fill gaps in scale, variability, and feedbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray W. Scown
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Robin K. Craig
- University of Southern California Gould School of Law, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Craig R. Allen
- Center for Resilience in Agricultural Working Landscapes, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lance Gunderson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David G. Angeler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, CA, USA
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jorge H. Garcia
- Universidad de Los Andes, School of Management, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Ahjond Garmestani
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA
- Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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35
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Yazdanpanah M, Zobeidi T, Warner LA, Löhr K, Lamm A, Sieber S. Shaping farmers' beliefs, risk perception and adaptation response through Construct Level Theory in the southwest Iran. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5811. [PMID: 37037879 PMCID: PMC10085993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the severe effects of climate change on the agricultural sector, urgent action is required on the part of farmers and is, indeed, critical to reducing climate change impacts. However, reports globally revealed farmers' engagement in climate change adaptation is still insufficient, ambivalent, and inconsistent and farmers do not consider adaptation to be urgent. Researchers have argued that this issue is rooted in psychological biases beside other factors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate how psychological distance determines climate change beliefs, risk perception and adaptation strategies among Iranian farmers. A cross-sectional paper-based survey was conducted in the Dasht-e Azadegan county of Khuzestan province in southwest Iran. The study sample consisted of 250 farmers selected through a multi-stage random sampling process. An expert panel review and a pilot study were conducted to confirm convergent validity and reliability of the scales. The results confirm that all four dimensions of psychological distance influence water management adaptation strategies and non-farm activities. Moreover, all psychological dimensions, except the temporal dimension, affect adaptation in farming management. Thus, making climate change more proximal to decision makers could be a strategic way of encouraging individuals to take adaptive actions. This study emphasizes that concepts of psychological distance can be applied to help organizations (e.g., agriculture extension services) to understand farmers' risk perceptions and responses to climate change impacts and improve risk communication to better engage farmers in climate action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Yazdanpanah
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
- Cooperation and Transformative Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.
- Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
| | - Tahereh Zobeidi
- Cooperation and Transformative Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Laura A Warner
- Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Katharina Löhr
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Muncheberg, Germany
- Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexa Lamm
- Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communication, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Stefan Sieber
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Muncheberg, Germany
- Resource Economics, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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36
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Frietsch M, Loos J, Löhr K, Sieber S, Fischer J. Future-proofing ecosystem restoration through enhancing adaptive capacity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:377. [PMID: 37029278 PMCID: PMC10082013 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Social-ecological ecosystem restoration involves interacting challenges, including climate change, resource overexploitation and political instability. To prepare for these and other emerging threats, we synthesized key restoration and social-ecological systems literature and derived three guiding themes that can help to enhance the adaptive capacity of restoration sites: (i) work with the existing system, (ii) create self-sustaining, adaptive systems, and (iii) foster diversity and participation. We propose a two-step approach and provide an example from Rwanda detailing the application of these principles. While site-specific activities have to be designed and implemented by local practitioners, our synthesis can guide forward-thinking restoration practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frietsch
- Leuphana University, Social-Ecological Systems Institute, Faculty of Sustainability, Universitätsallee 1, 21335, Lüneburg, Germany.
- University of Rwanda, Center of Excellence in Biodiversity and Natural Resource Management, KN 7 Ave, Kigali, Rwanda.
| | - Jacqueline Loos
- Leuphana University, Social-Ecological Systems Institute, Faculty of Sustainability, Universitätsallee 1, 21335, Lüneburg, Germany
- Leuphana University, Institute of Ecology, Faculty of Sustainability, Universitätsallee 1, 21335, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Löhr
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 85, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Sieber
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 85, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Resource Economics, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Fischer
- Leuphana University, Social-Ecological Systems Institute, Faculty of Sustainability, Universitätsallee 1, 21335, Lüneburg, Germany
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37
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Myers GM, Jaros KA, Andersen DS, Raman DR. Nutrient recovery in cultured meat systems: Impacts on cost and sustainability metrics. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1151801. [PMID: 37090784 PMCID: PMC10117767 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1151801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing global meat demand requires a decrease in the environmental impacts of meat production. Cultured meat (CM) can potentially address multiple challenges facing animal agriculture, including those related to animal welfare and environmental impacts, but existing cost analyses suggest it is hard for CM to match the relatively low costs of conventionally produced meat. This study analyzes literature reports to contextualize CM’s protein and calorie use efficiencies, comparing CM to animal meat products’ feed conversion ratios, areal productivities, and nitrogen management. Our analyses show that CM has greater protein and energy areal productivities than conventional meat products, and that waste nitrogen from spent media is critical to CM surpassing the nitrogen use efficiency of meat produced in swine and broiler land-applied manure systems. The CM nutrient management costs, arising from wastewater treatment and land application, are estimated to be more expensive than in conventional meat production. Overall, this study demonstrates that nitrogen management will be a key aspect of sustainability in CM production, as it is in conventional meat systems.
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38
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Sun XY, Yuan JJ, Dong ZE. Small population of the largest water strider after the late Pleistocene and the implications for its conservation. Gene 2023; 859:147219. [PMID: 36702394 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Climate oscillation and its synergistic impacts on habitat fragmentation have been identified as threatening the survival of some extant species. However, the mechanisms by which semi-aquatic insects impacted by such events remain poorly understood. Herein, we studied the largest water strider in the world, Gigantometra gigas, to explore the effect of these two factors on its evolutionary history. The sequences of mitogenomic and nrDNA cluster were utilized to reconstruct phylogenetic relationship among G. gigas populations and its demographic history. Mitochondrial genes were separately reconstructed topologies of that populations and detected remarkable differences. We found that G. gigas populations conform to the isolation-by-distance model, and decline occurred at about 120 ka, which was probably influenced by the climate change during the late Pleistocene and eventually maintained a small effective population size (Ne) around 85,717. The populations in Guangdong Province of China are worthy of note in that they exhibit low genetic diversity, a small Ne around 18,899 individuals, and occupy an area with little suitable future habitat for G. gigas. This work recommends that conservation efforts are implemented to ensure the long-term survival of small G. gigas populations, and notes that further evaluation of their extinction risk under the impacts of human activities is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Juan-Juan Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Shandong 277160, China
| | - Zhuo-Er Dong
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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39
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Song J, Tong G, Chao J, Chung J, Zhang M, Lin W, Zhang T, Bentler PM, Zhu W. Data driven pathway analysis and forecast of global warming and sea level rise. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5536. [PMID: 37015939 PMCID: PMC10073234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is a critical issue of our time, and its causes, pathways, and forecasts remain a topic of broader discussion. In this paper, we present a novel data driven pathway analysis framework to identify the key processes behind mean global temperature and sea level rise, and to forecast the magnitude of their increase from the present to 2100. Based on historical data and dynamic statistical modeling alone, we have established the causal pathways that connect increasing greenhouse gas emissions to increasing global mean temperature and sea level, with its intermediate links encompassing humidity, sea ice coverage, and glacier mass, but not for sunspot numbers. Our results indicate that if no action is taken to curb anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, the global average temperature would rise to an estimated 3.28 °C (2.46-4.10 °C) above its pre-industrial level while the global sea level would be an estimated 573 mm (474-671 mm) above its 2021 mean by 2100. However, if countries adhere to the greenhouse gas emission regulations outlined in the 2021 United Nations Conference on Climate Change (COP26), the rise in global temperature would lessen to an average increase of 1.88 °C (1.43-2.33 °C) above its pre-industrial level, albeit still higher than the targeted 1.5 °C, while the sea level increase would reduce to 449 mm (389-509 mm) above its 2021 mean by 2100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiecheng Song
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, USA.
| | - Guanchao Tong
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, USA
| | - Jiayou Chao
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, USA
| | - Jean Chung
- Duke University, 2080 Duke University Road, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Minghua Zhang
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA
| | - Wuyin Lin
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - Peter M Bentler
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1554, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, USA.
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40
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Herrmann A, Gonnet A, Millogo RM, d'Arc Kabré WJ, Beremwidougou TR, Coulibaly I, Ouili I, Zoromé S, Weil K, Fuelbert H, Soura A, Danquah I. Sustainable dietary weight loss intervention and its effects on cardiometabolic parameters and greenhouse gas emissions: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial with overweight and obese adults in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070524. [PMID: 37015795 PMCID: PMC10083789 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global obesity epidemic and its adverse health effects have reached sub-Saharan Africa. In some urban settings, like Burkina Faso's capital Ouagadougou, up to 43% of the adult population are overweight or obese. At the same time, modernised food systems are responsible for 26% of global greenhouse gas emissions, 50% of land use and 70% of freshwater use. International guidelines on the treatment of overweight and obesity recommend dietary intervention programmes that promote reduced calorie intake and increased physical activity. So far, weight loss interventions rarely consider sustainable dietary concepts, including healthfulness, affordability, cultural appropriateness and environmental friendliness. Therefore, we present a study protocol of a novel randomised controlled trial that aims to establish the effects of a sustainable weight loss intervention on cardiometabolic and environmental outcomes in urban Burkina Faso. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We conduct a non-blinded randomised controlled trial, comparing a 6-month sustainable diet weight loss intervention programme (n=125) with a standard weight loss information material and 5 min oral counselling at baseline (n=125). Primary outcome is a reduction in fasting plasma glucose of ≥0.1 mmol/L. Outcome measures are assessed at baseline, after 6 months and after 12 months. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval for the study has been obtained from the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University (S-376/2019) and from the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (No 2021-01-001). The results of the study will be disseminated to local stakeholders at a final project meeting and to the wider research community through peer-reviewed publications and conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER DRKS00025991.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Herrmann
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anais Gonnet
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roche Modeste Millogo
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Tenin Rosine Beremwidougou
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Issa Coulibaly
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Idrissa Ouili
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Souleymane Zoromé
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Konstantin Weil
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Fuelbert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abdramane Soura
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Ina Danquah
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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41
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Yan Q. The use of climate information in humanitarian relief efforts: a literature review. JHLSCM 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/jhlscm-01-2022-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to provide a systematic literature review of the state-of-the-art applications of climate information in humanitarian relief efforts, to further the knowledge of how climate science can be better integrated into the decision-making process of humanitarian supply chains.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review was conducted using a combination of key search terms developed from both climate science and humanitarian logistics literature. Articles from four major databases were retrieved, reduced and analyzed.
Findings
The study illustrates the status of application of climate information in humanitarian work, and identifies usability, collaboration and coordination as three key themes.
Originality/value
By delivering an overview of the current applications and challenges of climate information, this literature review proposes a three-phase conceptual framework.
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42
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Tanguay L, Herzog LM, Audet R, Beisner BE, Martin R, Pahl‐Wostl C. Opportunities for and barriers to anticipatory governance of two lake social–ecological systems in Germany and Canada. People and Nature 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Tanguay
- Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL) and Département des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Laura M. Herzog
- Institute of Geography, Research Centre Institute of Environmental Systems Research Osnabrück University Osnabrück Germany
| | - René Audet
- Chaire de Recherche sur la Transition Écologique and Département de Stratégie, Responsabilité Sociale et Environnementale Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Beatrix E. Beisner
- Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL) and Département des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Romina Martin
- Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Claudia Pahl‐Wostl
- Institute of Geography, Research Centre Institute of Environmental Systems Research Osnabrück University Osnabrück Germany
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43
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Lyu Y, Zhang L, Wang D. Does digital economy development reduce carbon emission intensity? Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1176388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon emissions from human activities are the main cause of climate warming. Under the background of economic and social digital transformation, accurately assessing the carbon emission reduction effect of the development of the digital economy is of great significance for countries to deal with climate warming in the post-COVID-19 era. This paper constructs a dynamic evaluation model of orthogonal projection to measure the level of digital economy development at the provincial level in China from 2007 to 2019. On this basis, the panel fixed effects model and mediation model are used to empirically test the impact of digital economy development on carbon emission intensity and its mechanism. The results indicate that: (1) The development of China’s digital economy is unbalanced among regions, showing a geospatial pattern of decreasing from east to west. (2) China’s carbon emission intensity has a trend of decreasing year by year, and there are geospatial differences of “high in the west and low in the east” and “high in the north and low in the south.” (3) The digital economy development can effectively reduce regional carbon emission intensity through industrial structure optimization effect and resource allocation effect, and the industrial structure optimization effect can suppress carbon emission intensity more obviously. (4) The development of digital economy in different regions has different degrees of reducing carbon emission intensity. The development of digital economy in the eastern region has a stronger inhibitory effect on carbon emission intensity than that in the middle and western regions, and the development of digital economy in economically developed regions can suppress carbon emission intensity more. This paper provides enlightenment for policy makers to deal with climate warming.
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Santoro FR, Arias Toledo B, Richeri M, Ladio AH. Exotic and native species used by traditional populations of the Patagonian steppe: An approach based on redundancy and versatility. AUSTRAL ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bárbara Arias Toledo
- Cátedra de Antropología, Dpto. Fisiología, Fac. Cs. Exactas, Físicas y Naturales UNC – IMBIV (CONICET‐UNC) Córdoba Argentina
| | - Marina Richeri
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Puerto Madryn Argentina
| | - Ana Haydeé Ladio
- INIBIOMA‐CONICET‐Universidad Nacional del Comahue S.C. Bariloche Argentina
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Othón-Díaz ED, Fimbres-García JO, Flores-Sauceda M, Silva-Espinoza BA, López-Martínez LX, Bernal-Mercado AT, Ayala-Zavala JF. Antioxidants in Oak (Quercus sp.): Potential Application to Reduce Oxidative Rancidity in Foods. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040861. [PMID: 37107236 PMCID: PMC10135015 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the antioxidant properties of oak (Quercus sp.) extracts and their potential application in preventing oxidative rancidity in food products. Oxidative rancidity negatively impacts food quality, causing changes in color, odor, and flavor and reducing the shelf life of products. The use of natural antioxidants from plant sources, such as oak extracts, has gained increasing interest due to potential health concerns associated with synthetic antioxidants. Oak extracts contain various antioxidant compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, which contribute to their antioxidative capacity. This review discusses the chemical composition of oak extracts, their antioxidative activity in different food systems, and the safety and potential challenges related to their application in food preservation. The potential benefits and limitations of using oak extracts as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants are highlighted, and future research directions to optimize their application and determine their safety for human consumption are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Daniela Othón-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jorge O. Fimbres-García
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Marcela Flores-Sauceda
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Brenda A. Silva-Espinoza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Leticia X. López-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Ariadna T. Bernal-Mercado
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jesus F. Ayala-Zavala
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
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Nguyen HV, Thanh Do L, Thu Le MT. From environmental values to pro-environmental consumption behaviors: the moderating role of environmental information. Curr Psychol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Burt CS, Kelly JF, Trankina GE, Silva CL, Khalighifar A, Jenkins-Smith HC, Fox AS, Fristrup KM, Horton KG. The effects of light pollution on migratory animal behavior. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:355-68. [PMID: 36610920 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Light pollution is a global threat to biodiversity, especially migratory organisms, some of which traverse hemispheric scales. Research on light pollution has grown significantly over the past decades, but our review of migratory organisms demonstrates gaps in our understanding, particularly beyond migratory birds. Research across spatial scales reveals the multifaceted effects of artificial light on migratory species, ranging from local and regional to macroscale impacts. These threats extend beyond species that are active at night - broadening the scope of this threat. Emerging tools for measuring light pollution and its impacts, as well as ecological forecasting techniques, present new pathways for conservation, including transdisciplinary approaches.
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Pickering GJ, Dale G. Trait anxiety predicts pro-environmental values and climate change action. Personality and Individual Differences 2023; 205:112101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2023.112101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Walsh F, Bidu GK, Bidu NK, Evans TA, Judson TM, Kendrick P, Michaels AN, Moore D, Nelson M, Oldham C, Schofield J, Sparrow A, Taylor MK, Taylor DP, Wayne LN, Williams CM. First Peoples' knowledge leads scientists to reveal 'fairy circles' and termite linyji are linked in Australia. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:610-622. [PMID: 37012380 PMCID: PMC10089917 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-01994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
In the past, when scientists encountered and studied 'new' environmental phenomena, they rarely considered the existing knowledge of First Peoples (also known as Indigenous or Aboriginal people). The scientific debate over the regularly spaced bare patches (so-called fairy circles) in arid grasslands of Australian deserts is a case in point. Previous researchers used remote sensing, numerical modelling, aerial images and field observations to propose that fairy circles arise from plant self-organization. Here we present Australian Aboriginal art and narratives, and soil excavation data, that suggest these regularly spaced, bare and hard circles in grasslands are pavement nests occupied by Drepanotermes harvester termites. These circles, called linyji (Manyjilyjarra language) or mingkirri (Warlpiri language), have been used by Aboriginal people in their food economies and for other domestic and sacred purposes across generations. Knowledge of the linyji has been encoded in demonstration and oral transmission, ritual art and ceremony and other media. While the exact origins of the bare circles are unclear, being buried in deep time and Jukurrpa, termites need to be incorporated as key players in a larger system of interactions between soil, water and grass. Ecologically transformative feedbacks across millennia of land use and manipulation by Aboriginal people must be accounted for. We argue that the co-production of knowledge can both improve the care and management of those systems and support intergenerational learning within and across diverse cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Walsh
- Fiona Walsh Ecology, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia.
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | | | | | - Theodore A Evans
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Peter Kendrick
- Biota Environmental Sciences, Leederville, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Danae Moore
- Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Matilda Nelson
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carolyn Oldham
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Josef Schofield
- Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Ashley Sparrow
- Arthur Rylah Institute, Department of Land, Water, Environment and Planning, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Lee Nangala Wayne
- Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia
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50
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Sáenz-Ceja JE, Mendoza ME. Priority areas for the conservation of the genus Abies Mill. (Pinaceae) in North America. J Nat Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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