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Wang S, Zhang Y, Qi D, Wang X, Zhu Z, Yang W, Li M, Hu D, Gao C. Age shock index and age-modified shock index are valuable bedside prognostic tools for postdischarge mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. Ann Med 2024; 56:2311854. [PMID: 38325361 PMCID: PMC10851812 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2311854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of mortality is considerable after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) hospitalization; risk assessment is needed to guide postdischarge management. Age shock index (SI) and age modified shock index (MSI) were described as useful prognosis instruments; nevertheless, their predictive effect on short and long-term postdischarge mortality has not yet been sufficiently confirmed. METHODS This analysis included 3389 prospective patients enrolled from 2016 to 2018. Endpoints were postdischarge mortality within 30 days and from 30 days to 1 year. Hazard ratios (HRs) were evaluated by Cox proportional-hazards regression. Predictive performances were assessed by area under the curve (AUC), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), net reclassification improvement (NRI) and decision curve analysis (DCA) and compared with TIMI risk score and GRACE score. RESULTS The AUCs were 0.753, 0.746 for age SI and 0.755, 0.755 for age MSI for short- and long-term postdischarge mortality. No significant AUC differences and NRI were observed compared with the classic scores; decreased IDI was observed especially for long-term postdischarge mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed significantly higher short- and long-term postdischarge mortality for patients with high age SI (HR: 5.44 (2.73-10.85), 5.34(3.18-8.96)), high age MSI (HR: 4.17(1.78-9.79), 5.75(3.20-10.31)) compared to counterparts with low indices. DCA observed comparable clinical usefulness for predicting short-term postdischarge mortality. Furthermore, age SI and age MSI were not significantly associated with postdischarge prognosis for patients who received fibrinolysis. CONCLUSIONS Age SI and age MSI were valuable instruments to identify high postdischarge mortality with comparable predictive ability compared with the classic scores, especially for events within 30 days after hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - You Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Datun Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianpei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dayi Hu
- Henan Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Lab for Prevention and Control of Coronary Heart Disease, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Ghovanloo MR, Tyagi S, Zhao P, Effraim PR, Dib-Hajj SD, Waxman SG. Sodium currents in naïve mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons: No major differences between sexes. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2289256. [PMID: 38055732 PMCID: PMC10761158 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2023.2289256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism has been reported in multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies on pain. Previous investigations have suggested that in at least some states, rodent dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons display differential sex-dependent regulation and expression patterns of various proteins involved in the pain pathway. Our goal in this study was to determine whether sexual dimorphism in the biophysical properties of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) currents contributes to these observations in rodents. We recently developed a novel method that enables high-throughput, unbiased, and automated functional analysis of native rodent sensory neurons from naïve WT mice profiled simultaneously under uniform experimental conditions. In our previous study, we performed all experiments in neurons that were obtained from mixed populations of adult males or females, which were combined into single (combined male/female) data sets. Here, we have re-analyzed the same previously published data and segregated the cells based on sex. Although the number of cells in our previously published data sets were uneven for some comparisons, our results do not show sex-dependent differences in the biophysical properties of Nav currents in these native DRG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Ghovanloo
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sidharth Tyagi
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip R. Effraim
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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Saccaro LF, Tassone M, Tozzi F, Rutigliano G. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of N-acetyl aspartate in first depressive episode and chronic major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:265-282. [PMID: 38554884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) is a marker of neuronal integrity and metabolism. Deficiency in neuronal plasticity and hypometabolism are implicated in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) pathophysiology. To test if cerebral NAA concentrations decrease progressively over the MDD course, we conducted a pre-registered meta-analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies comparing NAA concentrations in chronic MDD (n = 1308) and first episode of depression (n = 242) patients to healthy controls (HC, n = 1242). Sixty-two studies were meta-analyzed using a random-effect model for each brain region. NAA concentrations were significantly reduced in chronic MDD compared to HC within the frontal lobe (Hedges' g = -0.330; p = 0.018), the occipital lobe (Hedges' g = -0.677; p = 0.007), thalamus (Hedges' g = -0.673; p = 0.016), and frontal (Hedges' g = -0.471; p = 0.034) and periventricular white matter (Hedges' g = -0.478; p = 0.047). We highlighted a gap of knowledge regarding NAA levels in first episode of depression patients. Sensitivity analyses indicated that antidepressant treatment may reverse NAA alterations in the frontal lobe. We highlighted field strength and correction for voxel grey matter as moderators of NAA levels detection. Future studies should assess NAA alterations in the early stages of the illness and their longitudinal progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F Saccaro
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Matteo Tassone
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Tozzi
- Bio@SNS laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Grazia Rutigliano
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, MRI Steiner Unit, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Ma N, Ji X, Shi Y, Wang Q, Wu J, Cui X, Niu W. Adverse childhood experiences and mental health disorder in China: A nationwide study from CHARLS. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:22-30. [PMID: 38548193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental health disorder is highly prevalent worldwide, and factors attributable to its development have not been fully understood. We aimed to explore the association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with mental health disorder using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). METHODS CHARLS is an ongoing nationwide survey enrolling 17,708 residents aged ≥45 years in China. Total 20 ACE indicators were extracted. Unmeasured confounding and potential mediation were assessed, and effect-size estimates are expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Of 10,961 assessable participants with complete information, 3652 were reported to have mental health disorder. The risk for mental health disorder was increased by 20.7 % for participants with one to less than four events of ACEs (OR: 1.207, 95 % CI: 0.711 to 2.049), and this number reached 102.7 % for participants with four or more events (OR: 2.027, 95 % CI: 1.196 to 3.436) relative to those with no ACE. In subgroup analyses, between-group risk estimates differed significantly for residence, marital status, personal asset, life satisfaction, and living standard. The E-value of 2.35 for ACEs of 4 or more events indicated the low likelihood of unmeasured confounders. In mediation analyses, the proportion eliminated was 5.1 % for continuous ACEs and 6.1 % for categorical ACEs (both P < 0.001). DISCUSSION Our findings indicate that ACEs, especially with four or more events, can predict the significant risk of mental health disorder, underscoring the necessity of screening mental illness based on ACEs to reduce the resultant morbidity and mortality in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ji
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Shi
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
| | - Xia Cui
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
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Lu B, Lin L, Su X. Global burden of depression or depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:553-562. [PMID: 38490591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is the leading cause of health-related disability. A proportion of depression cases begin in childhood and increase dramatically during adolescence. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms in children and adolescents and explore the temporal and regional distribution of depression or depressive symptoms. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis identified peer-reviewed literature published through April 8, 2023, using the MEDLINE, Embase and APA PsycINFO databases, supplemented by reverse reference searches. Observational studies published in English and based on validated instruments with prevalence data on depression or depressive symptoms in children and adolescents aged ≤18 years were eligible. Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis were performed using R software. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis included a total of 96 studies (29 countries, 528,293 participants) published between 1989 and 2022. The pooled prevalence of mild-to-severe, moderate-to-severe, and major depression were 21.3 % (95%CI, 16.7 %-26.7 %), 18.9 % (95%CI, 14.6 %-24.2 %), and 3.7 % (95%CI, 2.7 %-5.1 %) respectively. Meta-regression analysis showed that from 1989 to 2022, the prevalence of mild-to-severe and moderate-to-severe depression increased over time (P = 0.002, P = 0.034, respectively), but the prevalence of major depression did not change significantly (P = 0.636). LIMITATIONS Only English articles were included. There was significant heterogeneity across the included studies. The studies included were mostly based on self-report scales to assess depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION In this systematic review, about one in five children and adolescents globally suffered from depression or had depressive symptoms, and this proportion was increasing over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Lu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Lixia Lin
- School of Physical Education and Health, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xiaojuan Su
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
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Zhu R, Zhao X, Wu H, Zeng X, Wei J, Chen T. Psychobiotics Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JYLP-326: Antidepressant-like effects on CUMS-induced depressed mouse model and alleviation of gut microbiota dysbiosis. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:752-764. [PMID: 38537753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression affects a significant portion of the global population and has emerged as one of the most debilitating conditions worldwide. Recent studies have explored the relationship between depression and the microbiota of the intestine, revealing potential avenues for effective treatment. METHODS To evaluate the potential alleviation of depression symptoms, we employed a depression C57BL/6 mice model induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). We administered Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JYLP-326 and conducted various animal behavior tests, including the open-field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), and tail-suspension test (TST). Additionally, we conducted immunohistochemistry staining and analyzed the hippocampal and colon parts of the mice. RESULTS The results of the behavior tests indicated that L. plantarum JYLP-326 alleviated spontaneous behavior associated with depression. Moreover, the treatment led to significant improvements in GFAP and Iba1, suggesting its potential neuroprotective effects. Analysis of the hippocampal region indicated that L. plantarum JYLP-326 administration upregulated p-TPH2, TPH2, and 5-HT1AR, while downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In the colon, the treatment inhibited the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and increased the levels of occludin and ZO-1, indicating improved intestinal barrier function. Additionally, the probiotic demonstrated a regulatory effect on the HMGB1-RAGE-TLR4 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that L. plantarum JYLP-326 exhibits significant antidepressant-like effects in mice, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic approach for depression through the modulation of gut microbiota. However, further investigations and clinical trials are required to validate its safety and efficacy for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuanqi Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Heng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangdi Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Ayyash S, Davis AD, Alders GL, MacQueen G, Strother SC, Hassel S, Zamyadi M, Arnott SR, Harris JK, Lam RW, Milev R, Müller DJ, Kennedy SH, Rotzinger S, Frey BN, Minuzzi L, Hall GB. Assessing remission in major depressive disorder using a functional-structural data fusion pipeline: A CAN-BIND-1 study. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:135-146. [PMID: 38293679 PMCID: PMC10826332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural network-level changes underlying symptom remission in major depressive disorder (MDD) are often studied from a single perspective. Multimodal approaches to assess neuropsychiatric disorders are evolving, as they offer richer information about brain networks. A FATCAT-awFC pipeline was developed to integrate a computationally intense data fusion method with a toolbox, to produce a faster and more intuitive pipeline for combining functional connectivity with structural connectivity (denoted as anatomically weighted functional connectivity (awFC)). Ninety-three participants from the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network for Depression study (CAN-BIND-1) were included. Patients with MDD were treated with 8 weeks of escitalopram and adjunctive aripiprazole for another 8 weeks. Between-group connectivity (SC, FC, awFC) comparisons contrasted remitters (REM) with non-remitters (NREM) at baseline and 8 weeks. Additionally, a longitudinal study analysis was performed to compare connectivity changes across time for REM, from baseline to week-8. Association between cognitive variables and connectivity were also assessed. REM were distinguished from NREM by lower awFC within the default mode, frontoparietal, and ventral attention networks. Compared to REM at baseline, REM at week-8 revealed increased awFC within the dorsal attention network and decreased awFC within the frontoparietal network. A medium effect size was observed for most results. AwFC in the frontoparietal network was associated with neurocognitive index and cognitive flexibility for the NREM group at week-8. In conclusion, the FATCAT-awFC pipeline has the benefit of providing insight on the 'full picture' of connectivity changes for REMs and NREMs while making for an easy intuitive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondos Ayyash
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew D Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gésine L Alders
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Glenda MacQueen
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen C Strother
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefanie Hassel
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mojdeh Zamyadi
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline K Harris
- Department of Computer Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Roumen Milev
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Queen's University, Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Rotzinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Faris Ali Baig M. NSTEMI mortality and hospital outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: A propensity score-matched analysis. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2024; 52:101402. [PMID: 38601125 PMCID: PMC11004391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Data regarding the relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD) and AF is mixed. It is uncertain if AF directly increases the risk for future coronary events and if such patients are appropriately evaluated for CAD. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on hospitalized patients with NSTEMI and concurrent AF in 2019 using the National Inpatient Sample. In-hospital mortality, rates of diagnostic cardiac angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, ventricular tachycardiac (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, length of stay (LOS), and total hospitalization charges were studied. Results A total of 433,965 patients met inclusion criteria (169,725 females [39.1 %], 307,985 Caucasian [71 %], 51,570 African American [11.8 %], 37,265 Hispanic [8.6 %]; mean [SD] age, 67.9 [6.2] years). 86,200 (19.8 %) patients with NSTEMI had AF, including 32,775 (38 %) female patients before propensity matching. Patients with NSTEMI and AF had increased odds of mortality (adjusted Odds ratio, 1.32; CI, 1.21-1.43; p < 0.001). AF patients were less likely to undergo diagnostic coronary angiography and PCI and had higher odds of VT, VF, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, increased LOS, and higher hospital charges than those without AF. Conclusion AF was independently associated with increased mortality and serious cardiac complications in patients admitted with NSTEMI.
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Collins JE, Roemer FW, Guermazi A. Approaches to optimize analyses of multidimensional ordinal MRI data in osteoarthritis research: A perspective. Osteoarthr Cartil Open 2024; 6:100465. [PMID: 38601258 PMCID: PMC11004399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of the whole joint involving multiple tissue types. MRI-based semi-quantitative (SQ) scoring of knee OA is a method to perform multi-tissue joint assessment and has been shown to be a valid and reliable way to measure structural multi-tissue involvement and progression of the disease. While recent work has described how SQ scoring may be used for clinical trial enrichment and disease phenotyping in OA, less guidance is available for how these parameters may be used to assess study outcomes. Design Here we present recommendations for summarizing disease progression within specific tissue types. We illustrate how various methods may be used to quantify longitudinal change using SQ scoring and review examples from the literature. Results Approaches to quantify longitudinal change across subregions include the count of number of subregions, delta-subregion, delta-sum, and maximum grade changes. Careful attention should be paid to features that may fluctuate, such as bone marrow lesions, or with certain interventions, for example pharmacologic interventions with anticipated cartilage anabolic effects. The statistical approach must align with the nature of the outcome. Conclusions SQ scoring presents a way to understand disease progression across the whole joint. As OA is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous disease with different phenotypes a better understanding of longitudinal progression across tissue types may present an opportunity to match study outcome to patient phenotype or to treatment mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E. Collins
- Orthopaedics and Arthritis Center of Outcomes Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, BTM Suite 5016, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Frank W. Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH Building, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 3, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH Building, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
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10
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Fan X, Ma Y, Zhang J, Lin X, Sun B, Rosenheck R, He H. Sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation among youth with depression. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:232-238. [PMID: 38461901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance may exacerbate the risk of suicide among youth with depression, but whether this association is independent of psychopathology requires further study. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 576 youths (13-25 years old) recruited from January 2022 to May 2023. The patients were first divided into two groups by the presence of suicidal ideation according to the Columbia-Suicide Severity Scale (C-SSRS). Sleep quality was assessed by the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and mental health with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA). Logistic regression was conducted to analyze the association between sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation, adjusted for depressive symptoms severity. RESULTS The suicidal ideation group exhibited more severe sleep disturbances, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms than the non-suicidal ideation group. Pearson correlation showed that sleep disturbance (AIS) was significantly correlated with the severity of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the AIS factor "daytime dysfunction" (β = 0.145; OR = 1.156, 95 % CI: 1.02, 1.309; p = 0.023) was significantly associated with suicidal ideation after adjusting for demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms severity. LIMITATIONS Due to the cross-sectional nature of the data, no causal inference can be made regarding the observed associations between sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Sleep disturbance, particularly in the realm of daytime dysfunction, is associated with increased suicidal ideation among depressed youth. Clinicians need to assess and manage sleep disturbance in the context of suicidal ideation for young depression patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Fan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The 3rd People Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yarong Ma
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Lin
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Sun
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Robert Rosenheck
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hongbo He
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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McAuliffe M, Pillay T, Jaber K, Sterling M, O'Leary S. Pre-operative pain pressure threshold association with patient satisfaction following Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Orthop 2024; 52:21-27. [PMID: 38404700 PMCID: PMC10881419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is commonly performed for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Poor satisfaction continues to be seen after TKA. Whilst reasons for poor patient satisfaction are multifactorial, there is a strong correlation with persistent pain following TKA. Studies have shown an association between local and remote mechanical hypersensitivity, measured using pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), and severity of knee osteoarthritis and functional status. We aimed to determine if the pre-operative PPTs were associated with patient satisfaction following TKA. Methods A prospective longitudinal study of 77 individuals was undertaken. Regression modelling assessed the relationship between Patient Satisfaction using the Knee Society Score (satisfaction subscale) following TKA for KOA, and PPTs recorded pre-operatively locally and remote to the affected knee, while accounting for potentially confounding patient demographic and psychosocial factors. Results Lower PPTs (indicating increased mechanical hypersensitivity) locally and remote to the operative knee were modestly associated with lower patient satisfaction in the short-term (six weeks) following TKA (β 0.25-0.28, adjR2 = 0.14-0.15), independent of demographic or psychosocial influences. However, this relationship progressively diminished in the intermediate and long-term post TKA. Conclusion While pre-operative PPT measures may provide some foresight to patient satisfaction post TKA in the short term, these measures appear to provide little insight to patient satisfaction in the intermediate and longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael McAuliffe
- Ipswich General Hospital, Queensland Health, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
- The CJM Centre, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
- The Mater Private Hospital, Springfield Lakes, QLD, 4300, Australia
- St Andrew's Ipswich Private Hospital, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
| | - Tristan Pillay
- The CJM Centre, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
- The Mater Private Hospital, Springfield Lakes, QLD, 4300, Australia
- St Andrew's Ipswich Private Hospital, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
| | - Khalid Jaber
- Ipswich General Hospital, Queensland Health, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Michele Sterling
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes for Compensable Injury, The University of Qld, Herston, 4006, Australia
| | - Shaun O'Leary
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
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12
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Abbasi M, Anzali BC, Mehryar HR. Liver enzymes as a predictor of mortality in patients with COVID-19? A cross-sectional study. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:266-270. [PMID: 38433765 PMCID: PMC10906505 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver injury in patients with COVID-19 infection may directly result from viral infection of liver cells, immune-mediated inflammation such as cytokine storm, and hypoxia resulting from pneumonia. Additionally, liver injury may occur due to drug toxicity and may lead to liver failure in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Given the significance of the liver and its vulnerability in COVID-19 patients, this study aimed to investigate the correlation of serum liver enzymes with the prognosis of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia. This descriptive-analytical study involved hospitalized COVID-19 patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia. Patient data were extracted from medical records and recorded in checklists, including demographic characteristics (age and gender), serum levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and patient outcomes (recovery and mortality). Subsequently, the serum levels of AST and ALT in recovered and discharged patients were compared with those of deceased patients. The mean AST level was higher in deceased patients compared to recovered and discharged patients, and this difference was statistically significant (P <0.033). Therefore, overall, higher AST levels in COVID-19 patients may indicate a worse prognosis. Similarly, the mean ALT level was higher in deceased patients compared to recovered and discharged patients, and this difference was statistically significant (P <0.015). Thus, higher ALT levels in COVID-19 patients may generally indicate a worse prognosis. Continuous monitoring of liver enzymes in patients with a poor prognosis can lead to early identification and, to the extent possible, prevention of complications and mortality through enhanced care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Abbasi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Babak Choobi Anzali
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mehryar
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Ravi V, Wang J, Flint J, Alwan A. Enhancing accuracy and privacy in speech-based depression detection through speaker disentanglement. COMPUT SPEECH LANG 2024; 86:101605. [PMID: 38313320 PMCID: PMC10836190 DOI: 10.1016/j.csl.2023.101605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Speech signals are valuable biomarkers for assessing an individual's mental health, including identifying Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) automatically. A frequently used approach in this regard is to employ features related to speaker identity, such as speaker-embeddings. However, over-reliance on speaker identity features in mental health screening systems can compromise patient privacy. Moreover, some aspects of speaker identity may not be relevant for depression detection and could serve as a bias factor that hampers system performance. To overcome these limitations, we propose disentangling speaker-identity information from depression-related information. Specifically, we present four distinct disentanglement methods to achieve this - adversarial speaker identification (SID)-loss maximization (ADV), SID-loss equalization with variance (LEV), SID-loss equalization using Cross-Entropy (LECE) and SID-loss equalization using KL divergence (LEKLD). Our experiments, which incorporated diverse input features and model architectures, have yielded improved F1 scores for MDD detection and voice-privacy attributes, as quantified by Gain in Voice Distinctiveness G V D and De-Identification Scores (DeID). On the DAIC-WOZ dataset (English), LECE using ComparE16 features results in the best F1-Scores of 80% which represents the audio-only SOTA depression detection F1-Score along with a G V D of -1.1 dB and a DeID of 85%. On the EATD dataset (Mandarin), ADV using raw-audio signal achieves an F1-Score of 72.38% surpassing multi-modal SOTA along with a G V D of -0.89 dB dB and a DeID of 51.21%. By reducing the dependence on speaker-identity-related features, our method offers a promising direction for speech-based depression detection that preserves patient privacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Ravi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jinhan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Flint
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Abeer Alwan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Wang HY, You HL, Song CL, Zhou L, Wang SY, Li XL, Liang ZH, Zhang BW. Shared and distinct prefrontal cortex alterations of implicit emotion regulation in depression and anxiety: An fNIRS investigation. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:126-135. [PMID: 38479517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion regulation deficits, particularly in cognitive reappraisal, are crucial in depression and anxiety. However, research on the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation is lacking, and it remains unclear whether these mechanisms are shared or distinct between the two disorders. METHODS We investigated the neural mechanisms of implicit cognitive reappraisal in 28 individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), 25 with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and 30 healthy controls (HC) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Participants completed an implicit cognitive reappraisal task and underwent neuropsychological and clinical assessments. RESULTS We found that MDD patients reported higher levels of rumination and lower utilization of cognitive reappraisal, while GAD patients reported reduced use of perspective-taking. Notably, both MDD and GAD patients exhibited decreased activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) compared to HC participants during implicit cognitive reappraisal. Specifically, inadequate OFC activation was observed in MDD patients, while GAD patients demonstrated OFC deactivation during the task. Furthermore, DLPFC activation showed a negative correlation with depression severity in MDD patients, while OFC activation was positively correlated with perspective-taking in GAD patients. LIMITATIONS fNIRS has limited depth and spatial resolution. CONCLUSION Our fNIRS study is the first to reveal shared and distinct neurobiological profiles of depression and anxiety in implicit emotion regulation. These findings underscore the significance of reduced DLPFC/OFC activation in emotion regulation impairment and highlight unique OFC activation patterns in these disorders. These insights have potential implications for developing cognitive-behavioral therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation as treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, China
| | - Hui-Li You
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Chun-Li Song
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Shi-Yao Wang
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xue-Lin Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, China
| | - Zhan-Hua Liang
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Bing-Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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15
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Hu W, Yang J. Effect of ambient ozone pollution on disease burden globally: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171739. [PMID: 38508259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient ozone pollution causes health loss and even death, and both are the main risk factors for the disease burden worldwide. We comprehensively evaluated the ozone pollution-related disease burden. METHODS First, numbers and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed globally and by sub-types in 2019. Furthermore, the temporal trend of the disease burden was explored by the linear regression model from 1990 to 2019. The cluster analysis was used to evaluate the changing pattern of related disease burden across Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) regions. Finally, the age-period-cohort (APC) model and the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model were used to predict the future disease burden in the next 25 years. RESULT Exposure to ozone pollution contributed to 365,222 deaths and 6,210,145 DALYs globally in 2019, which accounted for 0.65 % of deaths globally and 0.24 % of DALYs globally. The disease burden was consistently increasing with age. Males were high-risk populations and low-middle socio-demographic index (SDI) regions were high-risk areas. The disease burden of ozone pollution varied considerably across the GBD regions and the countries. In 2019, the number of deaths and DALYs cases increased by 76.11 % and 56.37 %, respectively compared to those in 1990. The predicted results showed that the number of deaths cases and DALYs cases for both genders would still increase from 2020 to 2044. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ambient ozone pollution has threatened public health globally. More proactive and effective strategic measures should be developed after considering global-specific circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Junnan Yang
- School of Public Health, BengBu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China.
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Abdelkawy YS, Elharoun M, Sheta E, Abdel-Raheem IT, Nematalla HA. Liraglutide and Naringenin relieve depressive symptoms in mice by enhancing Neurogenesis and reducing inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176525. [PMID: 38561101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a debilitating mental disease that negatively impacts individuals' lives and society. Novel hypotheses have been recently proposed to improve our understanding of depression pathogenesis. Impaired neuroplasticity and upregulated neuro-inflammation add-on to the disturbance in monoamine neurotransmitters and therefore require novel anti-depressants to target them simultaneously. Recent reports demonstrate the antidepressant effect of the anti-diabetic drug liraglutide. Similarly, the natural flavonoid naringenin has shown both anti-diabetic and anti-depressant effects. However, the neuro-pharmacological mechanisms underlying their actions remain understudied. The study aims to evaluate the antidepressant effects and neuroprotective mechanisms of liraglutide, naringenin or a combination of both. Depression was induced in mice by administering dexamethasone (32 mcg/kg) for seven consecutive days. Liraglutide (200 mcg/kg), naringenin (50 mg/kg) and a combination of both were administered either simultaneously or after induction of depression for twenty-eight days. Behavioral and molecular assays were used to assess the progression of depressive symptoms and biomarkers. Liraglutide and naringenin alone or in combination alleviated the depressive behavior in mice, manifested by decrease in anxiety, anhedonia, and despair. Mechanistically, liraglutide and naringenin improved neurogenesis, decreased neuroinflammation and comparably restored the monoamines levels to that of the reference drug escitalopram. The drugs protected mice from developing depression when given simultaneously with dexamethasone. Collectively, the results highlight the usability of liraglutide and naringenin in the treatment of depression in mice and emphasize the different pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara S Abdelkawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt
| | - Mona Elharoun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt
| | - Ihab Talat Abdel-Raheem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Nematalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt.
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Liu L, Mo X, He D, Chen X, Xiao R, Cheng Q, Fatima M, Du Y, Xie P. Maternal separation regulates sensitivity of stress-induced depression in mice by affecting hippocampal metabolism. Physiol Behav 2024; 279:114530. [PMID: 38552706 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental illness. Previous studies found that early life stress (ELS) plays a vital role in the onset and progression of depression. However, relevant studies have not yet been able to explain the specific effects of early stress on stress-induced depression sensitivity and individual behavior during growth. Therefore, we constructed a maternal separation (MS) model and administered chronic social frustration stress at different stages of their growth while conducting metabolomics analysis on the hippocampus of mice. Our results showed that the immobility time of mice in the forced swimming test was significantly reduced at the end of MS. Meanwhile, mice with MS experience significantly decreased total movement distance in the open field test and sucrose preference ratio in the sucrose preference test when subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) during adolescence. In adulthood, the results were the opposite. In addition, we found that level changes in metabolites such as Beta-alanine, l-aspartic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, and Glycine are closely related to behavioral changes. These metabolites are mainly enriched in Pantothenate, CoA biosynthesis, and Beta Alanine metabolism pathways. Our experiment revealed that the effects of ELS vary across different age groups. It will increase an individual's sensitivity to depression when facing CSDS in adolescence, but it will reduce their sensitivity to depression when facing CSDS in adulthood. This may be achieved by regulating the hippocampus's Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis and Beta Alanine metabolism pathways represented by Beta-alanine, l-Aspartic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, and Glycine metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangdong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xiaolong Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xueyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qisheng Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Madiha Fatima
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yamei Du
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
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Qu C, Chen Y, Liu C, Hu Z, Zhang J, Yan L, Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu W, Cheng Q, Luo P, Liu Z. Burden of Stroke Attributable to Nonoptimal Temperature in 204 Countries and Territories: A Population-Based Study, 1990-2019. Neurology 2024; 102:e209299. [PMID: 38598742 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Stroke attributable to nonoptimal temperature needs more attention with dramatic climate change. The aim of this study was to estimate the global burden and distribution characteristics of the burden. METHODS In this ecological study, we collected data from the Climate Research Unit Gridded Time Series, the World Bank databases, and the Global Burden of Diseases study to estimate the distribution of burden. We used the joinpoint model, decomposition analysis, age-period-cohort model, panel data analysis, and health inequality analysis to assess the different types of stroke burden attributable to different climatic conditions. RESULTS The burden of stroke attributable to nonoptimal temperature continued to grow, and aging was a key factor in this increase. In 2019, 521,031 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 402,433-663,996) deaths and 9,423,649 (95% UI 7,207,660-12,055,172) disability-adjusted life years [DALYs] attributable to stroke due to nonoptimal temperature were recorded globally. Globally, men (age-standardized mortality rate [ASMR] 7.70, 95% UI 5.80-9.73; age-standardized DALY rate [ASDR] 139.69, 95% UI 102.96-178.54 in 2019) had a heavier burden than women (ASMR 5.89, 95% UI 4.50-7.60; ASDR 96.02, 95% UI 72.62-123.85 in 2019). Central Asia (ASMR 18.12, 95% UI 13.40-24.53; ASDR 327.35, 95% UI 240.24-440.61 in 2019) had the heaviest burden at the regional level. In the national level, North Macedonia (ASMR 32.97, 95% UI 20.57-47.44 in 2019) and Mongolia (ASDR 568.54, 95% UI 242.03-1,031.14 in 2019) had the highest ASMR/ASDR, respectively. Low temperature currently contributes to the main burden (deaths 474,002, 95% UI 355,077-606,537; DALYs 8,357,198, 95% UI 6,186,217-10,801,911 attributable to low temperature vs deaths 48,030, 95% UI 5,630-104,370; DALYs 1,089,329, 95% UI 112,690-2,375,345 attributable to high temperature in 2019). However, the burden due to high temperature has increased rapidly, especially among people aged older than 10 years, and was disproportionately concentrated in low sociodemographic index (SDI) regions such as Africa. In addition, the rapid increase in the stroke burden due to high temperature in Central Asia also requires special attention. DISCUSSION This is the first study to assess the global stroke burden attributed to nonoptimal temperature. The dramatic increase in the burden due to high temperature requires special attention, especially in low-SDI countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrun Qu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Liu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwen Hu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luzhe Yan
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanyao Liu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (C.Q., Y.C., J.Z., Q.C., Z.L.), Xiangya Hospital, and XiangYa School of Medicine (C.Q., Y.C., C.L., Z.H., L.Y., Y.L., W.L.), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; Department of Neurosurgery (H.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; and Department of Oncology (P.L.), Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Ray I, Misra S, Chen M, Wang X, Das R. Entrapment of atmospheric particle bound heavy metals by ferns as evidenced by lead (Pb) isotope and MixSIAR: Implications for improving air quality. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:134014. [PMID: 38503208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Plant metal uptake can occur through both soil-root and atmospheric transfer from leaves. The latter holds potential implications for development of biofiltration systems. To explore this potential, it is crucial to understand entrapment capacity and metal sources within plants. As ferns absorb materials from atmosphere, this study focuses on two abundant fern species growing in densely populated and highly polluted regions of Eastern India. Gravimetric quantification, elemental concentration and Pb isotopic analyses were performed by segregating the ferns into distinct components: foliage dusts (loose dust (LD) and wax-bound dust (WD)) and plant tissue (leaves and roots). To understand metal sources, the study analyzes soil, and atmospheric particulates (PM10 and dust fall (DF)). Results indicate that, while LDs have soil dust influence, wax entraps atmospheric particulates and translocates them inside the leaves. Furthermore, roots demonstrate dissimilar isotopic ratios from soil, while displaying close association with atmospheric particulates. Isotopic composition and subsequent mixing model reveal dominant contribution from DF in leaves (53-73%) and roots (33-86%). Apart from DF, leaf Pb is sourced from PM10 (21-38%) with minimal contribution from soil (6-10%). Conversely, in addition to dominance from DF, roots source Pb primarily from soil (12-62%) with a meagre 2-8% contribution from PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iravati Ray
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Sambuddha Misra
- Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Mengli Chen
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Asian School of Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Liu X, Wan X, Sui B, Hu Q, Liu Z, Ding T, Zhao J, Chen Y, Wang ZL, Li L. Piezoelectric hydrogel for treatment of periodontitis through bioenergetic activation. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:346-361. [PMID: 38379699 PMCID: PMC10876489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The impaired differentiation ability of resident cells and disordered immune microenvironment in periodontitis pose a huge challenge for bone regeneration. Herein, we construct a piezoelectric hydrogel to rescue the impaired osteogenic capability and rebuild the regenerative immune microenvironment through bioenergetic activation. Under local mechanical stress, the piezoelectric hydrogel generated piezopotential that initiates osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) via modulating energy metabolism and promoting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. Moreover, it also reshapes an anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative niche through switching M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype. The synergy of tilapia gelatin and piezoelectric stimulation enhances in situ regeneration in periodontal inflammatory defects of rats. These findings pave a new pathway for treating periodontitis and other immune-related bone defects through piezoelectric stimulation-enabled energy metabolism modulation and immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Dental Materials, Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Xingyi Wan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, PR China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Baiyan Sui
- Department of Dental Materials, Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Quanhong Hu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, PR China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, PR China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Tingting Ding
- Department of Dental Materials, Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Jiao Zhao
- Department of Dental Materials, Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Yuxiao Chen
- Department of Dental Materials, Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, PR China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, PR China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Hu Y, Cui L, Zhang C, Chen F. Timely use of Bakri intrauterine balloon tamponade contributes to the effectiveness in controlling severe postpartum hemorrhage. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:177. [PMID: 38515648 PMCID: PMC10952343 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the effectiveness of Bakri intrauterine balloon tamponade (IUBT) in treating severe postpartum hemorrhage (SPPH). A cohort of 198 women with SPPH using IUBT were retrospectively selected. The baseline and maternal outcome characteristics were examined. The results demonstrated that women with SPPH had a high proportion of placenta accrete (53.0%). Bakri IUBT demonstrated a global effectiveness of 84.5% in SPPH treatment, accounting for 82.9% in women with placenta accrete. Compared with women with Bakri failure, women who experienced Bakri success had reduced rates of less use of pre-/post-IUBT intervention, blood transfusion, lower genital tract trauma, estimated blood loss (EBL), and a longer indwelling duration (P<0.05). Logistic regression revealed that the pre-IUBT intervention (OR=3.910; 95% CI: 1.684-9.079; P=0.002) was positively associated with hemostasis success, while lower genital tract trauma was negatively associated with Bakri success (OR=0.091; 95% CI: 0.009-0.894; P=0.040). Moreover, women diagnosed with placenta accrete underwent a greater number of transabdominal placed Bakri IUBT and pre-IUBT interventions than those without placenta accrete (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in Bakri success, total EBL, pre-/post-IUBT EBL, infused volume of IUBT, IUBT indwelling duration, even the rate of hemostasis, lower genital tract trauma, blood transfusion, post-IUBT intervention, and puerperal fever between women with and without placenta accrete (P>0.05). In conclusion, placenta accrete may be the leading cause of SPPH. Bakri IUBT is an effective and safe measure for SPPH. Pre-IUBT intervention may be predictive of Bakri's success. The timely use of IUBT during labor may mitigate the impact of risk factors identified on PPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Lingjie Cui
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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22
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Yu J, Arnott C, Li Q, Di Tanna GL, Tian M, Huang L, Yin X, Zhang X, Pearson SA, Labarthe DR, Elliott P, Yan LL, Zhou B, Wu Y, Neal B. Secondary Analysis of the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS): Effects of Potassium-Enriched Salt on Cardiac Outcomes. Hypertension 2024; 81:1031-1040. [PMID: 38465623 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SSaSS (Salt Substitute and Stroke Study) has shown that use of a potassium-enriched salt lowers the risk of stroke, total cardiovascular events, and premature death. The effects on cause-specific cardiac outcomes are reported here. METHODS SSaSS was an unblinded, cluster-randomised trial assessing the effects of potassium-enriched salt compared with regular salt among 20 995 Chinese adults with established stroke and older age and uncontrolled hypertension. Post hoc efficacy analyses were performed using an intention-to-treat method and a hierarchical Poisson regression model adjusting for clustering to obtain rate ratios and 95% CIs. We assessed acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death. RESULTS Over a mean 4.74 years follow-up, there were 695 acute coronary syndrome events, 454 heart failure events, 230 arrhythmia events, and 1133 sudden deaths recorded. The rates of events were lower in potassium-enriched salt group for all outcomes but CIs were wide for most: acute coronary syndrome (6.32 versus 7.65 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.65-0.99]); heart failure (9.14 versus 11.32 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.60-1.28]); arrhythmia (4.43 versus 6.20 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.35-0.98]); and sudden death (11.01 versus 11.76 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.82-1.07]; all P>0.05 with adjustment for multiple comparisons). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that use of potassium-enriched salt is more likely to prevent than cause cardiac disease but the post hoc nature of these analyses precludes definitive conclusions. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02092090.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine (J.Y., C.A.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Clare Arnott
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine (J.Y., C.A.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Australia (C.A.)
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia (C.A.)
| | - Qiang Li
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gian Luca Di Tanna
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maoyi Tian
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (M.T., X.Z.)
| | - Liping Huang
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xuejun Yin
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.Y.)
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (M.T., X.Z.)
| | - Sallie-Anne Pearson
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health (S.-A.P.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Darwin R Labarthe
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States (D.R.L.)
| | - Paul Elliott
- School of Public Health (P.E.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Lijing L Yan
- The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (L.L.Y., Y.W.)
- Global Health Research Centre, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.)
| | - Bo Zhou
- First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China (B.Z.)
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (L.L.Y., Y.W.)
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China (Y.W.)
| | - Bruce Neal
- The George Institute for Global Health (J.Y., C.A., Q.L., G.L.D.T., L.H., X.Y., B.N.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. The Charles Perkins Centre (B.N.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.N.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
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23
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You Y, Zeng N, Wu W, Liu B, Rong S, Xu D. Association of Serum Homocysteine With Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients Without Diabetes: A Study Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database. Am J Cardiol 2024; 218:16-23. [PMID: 38458582 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients without diabetes on the basis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study used data from 3 survey cycles (1999 to 2004) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database as the research dataset. Serum Hcy levels were considered an independent variable, whereas PAD was a dependent variable. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline methods were used to explore the relation between Hcy level and PAD risk in patients without diabetes. A total of 4,819 samples were included. In the weighted logistics regression model, a significant positive association was observed between Hcy levels and the risk of PAD (odds ratio >1, p <0.05). Subgroup analysis results indicated a particularly significant association between Hcy levels and PAD risk in the older population (age ≥60 years), those with a history of smoking, and those without a history of myocardial infarction (all odds ratio >1, p <0.05) (p <0.05). Exploring the nonlinear association between Hcy levels and PAD risk through restricted cubic spline curves revealed an overall significant trend (p allover <0.05). In conclusion, elevated Hcy levels increased the risk of PAD, with a more pronounced effect observed in populations of patients without diabetes, especially in older patients (age ≥60 years), those with smoking history, and those without a history of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi You
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Naxin Zeng
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Wengao Wu
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Sheng Rong
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China.
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24
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Yoganandan N, Choi H, Purushothaman Y, Vedantam A, Harinathan B, Banerjee A. Comparison of Load-Sharing Responses Between Graded Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy and Conventional Fusion Using Finite Element Modeling. J Eng Sci Med Diagn Ther 2024; 7:021006. [PMID: 37860789 PMCID: PMC10583278 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Following the diagnosis of unilateral cervical radiculopathy and need for surgical intervention, anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (conventional fusion) and posterior cervical foraminotomy are common options. Although patient outcomes may be similar between the two procedures, their biomechanical effects have not been fully compared using a head-to-head approach, particularly, in relation to the amount of facet resection and internal load-sharing between spinal segments and components. The objective of this investigation was to compare load-sharing between conventional fusion and graded foraminotomy facet resections under physiological loading. A validated finite element model of the cervical spinal column was used in the study. The intact spine was modified to simulate the two procedures at the C5-C6 spinal segment. Flexion, extension, and lateral bending loads were applied to the intact, graded foraminotomy, and conventional fusion spines. Load-sharing was determined using range of motion data at the C5-C6 and immediate adjacent segments, facet loads at the three segments, and disk pressures at the adjacent segments. Results were normalized with respect to the intact spine to compare surgical options. Conventional fusion leads to increased motion, pressure, and facet loads at adjacent segments. Foraminotomy leads to increased motion and anterior loading at the index level, and motions decrease at adjacent levels. In extension, the left facet load decreases after foraminotomy. Recognizing that foraminotomy is a motion preserving alternative to conventional fusion, this study highlights various intrinsic biomechanical factors and potential instability issues with more than one-half facet resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hoon Choi
- Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL 33331
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Zhu C, Miao L, Wei K, Shi D, Gao J. Coronary microvascular dysfunction. Microvasc Res 2024; 153:104652. [PMID: 38211894 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a key mechanism underlying ischemic heart disease (IHD), yet its diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. This article presents a comprehensive overview of CMD research, covering its pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, assessment techniques, risk factors, and therapeutic strategies. Additionally, it highlights the prospects for future CMD research. The article aims at advocating early and effective intervention for CMD and improving the prognosis of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Zhu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Miao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangkang Wei
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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He Q, Wang Y, Feng Z, Chu J, Li T, Hu W, Chen X, Han Q, Sun N, Liu S, Sun M, Sun H, Shen Y. Visceral adiposity associated with incidence and development trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: A prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1235-1244. [PMID: 38331642 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is a lack of literature concerning the effects of visceral adipose on the development of first cardiometabolic disease (FCMD) and its subsequent progression to cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS 423,934 participants from the UK Biobank with different baseline disease conditions were included in the analysis. CMM was defined as the simultaneous presence of coronary heart disease, T2D, and stroke. Visceral adiposity was estimated by calculating the visceral adiposity index (VAI). Multistate models were used to assess the effect of visceral adiposity on the development of CMM. During a median follow-up of 13.5 years, 50,589 patients had at least one CMD, 6131 were diagnosed with CMM, whereas 24,634 patients died. We observed distinct roles of VAI with respect to different disease transitions of CMM. HRs (95 % CIs) of high VAI were 2.35 (2.29-2.42) and 1.64 (1.50-1.79) for transitions from healthy to FCMD and from FCMD to CMM, and 0.97 (0.93-1.02) for all-cause mortality risk from healthy, FCMD and CMM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first evidence that visceral adipose may contribute to the development of FCMD and CMM in healthy participants. However, visceral adipose may confer resistance to all-cause mortality in participants with existing CMD or CMM. A better understanding of the relationship between visceral adipose and CMM can focalize further investigations on patients with CMD with high levels of visceral fat and help take targeted preventive measures to reduce the medical burden on individual patients and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qida He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zhaolong Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jiadong Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tongxing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xuanli Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Na Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, No.1023 1063 Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Mengtong Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Hongpeng Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Yueping Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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Xie L, Li S, Yu X, Wei Q, Yu F, Tong J. DAHOS Study: Efficacy of dapagliflozin in treating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome - A 3-month, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:771-780. [PMID: 38386021 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent discovery of new therapeutic approaches to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, as well as improved treatment of co-morbidities has provided much needed help to HFrEF. In addition, dapagliflozin, one of the SGLT-2 inhibitors, serves as a promising candidate in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) of HFrEF patients due to its likely mechanism of countering the pathophysiology of OSA of HFrEF. METHODS This 3-month multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial enrolled participants with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 40% and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than 15. Participants were randomized into two groups: the treatment group received optimized heart failure treatment and standard-dose dapagliflozin, while the control group only received optimized heart failure treatment. The primary endpoint was the difference in AHI before and after treatment between the two groups. Secondary endpoints included oxygen desaturation index (ODI), minimum oxygen saturation, longest apnea duration, inflammatory factors (CRP, IL-6), quality of life score, and LVEF. RESULTS A total of 107 patients were included in the final analysis. AHI, LVEF and other baseline data were similar for the dapagliflozin and control groups. After 12 weeks of dapagliflozin treatment, the dapagliflozin group showed significant improvements in sleep parameters including AHI, HI, longest pause time, ODI, time spent with SpO2 < 90%, and average SpO2. Meanwhile, the control group showed no significant changes in sleep parameters, but did demonstrate significant improvements in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVEF, and NT-proBNP levels at 12 weeks. In the experimental group, BMI was significantly reduced, and there were improvements in ESS score, MLHFQ score, and EQ-5D-3L score, as well as significant reductions in CRP and IL-6 levels, while the CRP and IL-6 levels were not improved in the control group. The decrease in LVEF was more significant in the experimental group compared to the control group. There were no significant differences in the magnitude of the decreases between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin may be an effective treatment for heart failure complicated with OSA, and could be considered as a potential new treatment for OSA. (Trial registration www.chictr.org.cn , ChiCTR2100049834. Registered 10 August 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuchao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayi Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Medrano-de-la-Fuente R, Hernando-Garijo I, Mingo-Gómez MT, Jiménez-Del-Barrio S, Hernández-Lázaro H, Ceballos-Laita L. Is adding dry needling to a standard care protocol beneficial in patients with chronic neck pain? A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 55:101842. [PMID: 38364664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the short-term effects of adding a dry needling therapy to a standard care protocol based on education, exercise and electrotherapy, compared to a sham procedure and to a standard care protocol in isolation in patients with chronic neck pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS A randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed. The participants in the dry needling group received a standard care protocol based on patient education, therapeutic exercise and electrotherapy, as well as two sessions of dry needling in the upper trapezius, levator scapulae, and/or sternocleidomastoid muscles. The participants in the sham dry needling group received the same standard care protocol and two sessions of sham dry needling. The participants in the control group received the same standard care protocol. The outcomes measured were pain intensity, pressure pain threshold, neck disability, range of movement, activation of deep cervical flexor muscles, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression. RESULTS No significant group by time interactions were found for any of the outcome variables except for lower cervical spine range of movement (F = 3.79; p = 0.030). CONCLUSION The addition of two sessions of dry needling in the superficial neck muscles to a standard protocol did not yield superior results compared to either the standard care alone or the standard care plus sham dry needling in patients with chronic neck pain in any outcome except for cervical range of movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Medrano-de-la-Fuente
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain; Clinical Research in Health Sciences Group, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Hernando-Garijo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain; Clinical Research in Health Sciences Group, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain
| | - María Teresa Mingo-Gómez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain; Clinical Research in Health Sciences Group, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain
| | - Sandra Jiménez-Del-Barrio
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain; Clinical Research in Health Sciences Group, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain.
| | - Héctor Hernández-Lázaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain; Clinical Research in Health Sciences Group, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain
| | - Luis Ceballos-Laita
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain; Clinical Research in Health Sciences Group, University of Valladolid, C/ Universidad, 42004, Soria, Spain
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Lyu J, Zhang J, Wang L. Declining suicide rates in China (1990-2017): Gender and age specific analyses. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:19-25. [PMID: 38336166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China suicide rates have been declining for about three decades. Patterns of suicide for women and men across the lifespan over time however have not been systematically documented. METHODS Official suicide mortality data (from 1990 to 2017) available via China CDC were used to examine suicide patterns by gender and age in each of the 33 provincial-level regions. Suicide data were aggregated by five years, except for the year of 2017. The bar graphs were used to descriptive the change tread of the suicide rate. RESULTS In the past three decades, the decline in female suicide rates was greater than that in the male rates, with the overall male to female (M/F) ratio changing from 0.88 in 1996 to 1.56 in 2017. The overall suicide rate of male was 8.82 and female was 5.65 per 100,000 persons in 2017. However the decline of suicide rates for people aged 70 and older was the greatest declination (33.73/per 100,000 persons) among all the age groups in China. CONCLUSION Overall suicide rates have declined over the three decades in China, particularly among females and individuals age 70+ years. Suicide rates continue to be higher among individuals aged 50 and older (particularly among men), and this population should continue to the focus for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Lyu
- Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Central University of Finance and Economics Department of Sociology, Beijing, China; State University of New York Buffalo State University Department of Sociology, New York, USA.
| | - Lijun Wang
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Beijing, China
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Shrestha N, Shen Z, Zaidat B, Duey AH, Tang JE, Ahmed W, Hoang T, Restrepo Mejia M, Rajjoub R, Markowitz JS, Kim JS, Cho SK. Performance of ChatGPT on NASS Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain: A Comparison Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2024; 49:640-651. [PMID: 38213186 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Comparative analysis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT's) ability to predict appropriate clinical recommendations based on the most recent clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of low back pain. BACKGROUND Low back pain is a very common and often debilitating condition that affects many people globally. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence model that may be able to generate recommendations for low back pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the North American Spine Society Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines as the gold standard, 82 clinical questions relating to low back pain were entered into ChatGPT (GPT-3.5) independently. For each question, we recorded ChatGPT's answer, then used a point-answer system-the point being the guideline recommendation and the answer being ChatGPT's response-and asked ChatGPT if the point was mentioned in the answer to assess for accuracy. This response accuracy was repeated with one caveat-a prior prompt is given in ChatGPT to answer as an experienced orthopedic surgeon-for each question by guideline category. A two-sample proportion z test was used to assess any differences between the preprompt and postprompt scenarios with alpha=0.05. RESULTS ChatGPT's response was accurate 65% (72% postprompt, P =0.41) for guidelines with clinical recommendations, 46% (58% postprompt, P =0.11) for guidelines with insufficient or conflicting data, and 49% (16% postprompt, P =0.003*) for guidelines with no adequate study to address the clinical question. For guidelines with insufficient or conflicting data, 44% (25% postprompt, P =0.01*) of ChatGPT responses wrongly suggested that sufficient evidence existed. CONCLUSION ChatGPT was able to produce a sufficient clinical guideline recommendation for low back pain, with overall improvements if initially prompted. However, it tended to wrongly suggest evidence and often failed to mention, especially postprompt, when there is not enough evidence to adequately give an accurate recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Shrestha
- Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
| | | | - Bashar Zaidat
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Akiro H Duey
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Justin E Tang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Wasil Ahmed
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Timothy Hoang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Rami Rajjoub
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Jun S Kim
- Department of Orthopedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Samuel K Cho
- Department of Orthopedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
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31
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Clarke R, Halsey J, Emberson J, Collins R, Leon DA, Kivimäki M, Shipley MJ. Lifetime and 10-year risks of cardiovascular mortality in relation to risk factors in middle and old age: 50-year follow-up of the Whitehall study of London Civil Servants. Public Health 2024; 230:73-80. [PMID: 38513300 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality has declined substantially in the United Kingdom (UK) in recent decades, but the continued relevance of conventional risk factors for prediction of CVD mortality throughout the life-course is uncertain. We compared the 10-year risks and lifetime risks of CVD mortality associated with conventional risk factors recorded in middle and old age. METHODS The Whitehall study was a prospective study of 19,019 male London civil servants (mean age 52 years) when enrolled in 1967-1970 and followed-up for 50 years for cause-specific mortality. In 1997, 7044 (83%) survivors (mean age 77 years) were re-surveyed. The 10-year and lifetime risks of CVD mortality were estimated by levels of CVD risk factors recorded in middle-age and old-age, respectively. RESULTS By July 2020, 97% had died (22%, 51% and 80% before age 70, 80 and 90 years, respectively) and 7944 of 17,673 deaths (45%) were from CVD. The 10-year and lifetime risks of CVD death increased linearly with higher levels of CVD risk factors recorded in middle-age and in old-age. Individuals in the top versus bottom 5% of CVD risk scores in middle age had a 10.3% (95% CI:7.2-13.4) vs 0.6% (0.1-1.2) 10-year risk of CVD mortality, a 61.4% (59.4-65.3) vs 31.3% (24.1-34.5) lifetime risk of CVD mortality and a 12-year difference in life expectancy from age 50 years. The corresponding differences using a CVD risk score in old-age were 11.0% (4.4-17.5) vs 0.8% (0.0-2.2) for 10-year risk and 42.1% (28.2-50.0) vs 30.3% (6.0-38.0) for lifetime risk of CVD mortality and a 6-year difference in life expectancy from age 70 years. CONCLUSIONS Conventional risk factors remained highly predictive of CVD mortality and life expectancy through the life-course. The findings highlight the relevance of estimation of both lifetime risks of CVD and 10-year risks of CVD for primary prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - J Halsey
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Emberson
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Collins
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D A Leon
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Kivimäki
- University College London Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - M J Shipley
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, UK
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Satheesh G, Dhurjati R, Huffman MD, Rosende A, Rodgers A, Prabhakaran D, Ordunez P, Jha V, Salam A. Standardized treatment protocols for hypertension: global availability, characteristics, and alignment with the hypertension guideline recommendations. J Hypertens 2024; 42:902-908. [PMID: 38108382 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension control is suboptimal globally. Implementing evidence-based, simple, standardized treatment protocols (STPs) has been instrumental in effectively and efficiently improving treatment and control of hypertension. We aimed to identify, characterize, and critically appraise hypertension STPs. METHODS We defined STP as a series of steps for the pharmacological treatment of primary hypertension, with information on target population, BP threshold for treatment initiation, target BP, specific drugs/classes/doses, and follow-up frequency. STPs for adult patients were identified from the websites of relevant health organizations, Google search, and through expert consultations (until July 2023). STPs for secondary, gestational, or malignant hypertension or those that were templates/samples were excluded. Included STPs were critically appraised using HEARTS in the Americas Checklist for hypertension management in primary care and compared with the 2021 WHO hypertension management guideline recommendations. RESULTS Fifty STPs were identified. All STPs had a stepwise treatment approach, involved guideline-recommended first-line drugs, and 98% consisted of at least four steps. Majority (54%) recommended monotherapy with calcium channel blockers as first-line treatment. Only 44% STPs recommended treatment initiation with combination therapy, and 16% recommended single-pill combinations. Most (62%) had dose-intensification as the second step. Most (74%) STPs did not provide complete dosing information. Only one STP mentioned a target time for achieving BP control. On average, STPs scored a performance of 68% on the HEARTS Checklist. CONCLUSION Several STPs are available globally; however, most of them have enormous scope for improvement through interventions aimed at alignment with the latest evidence-based guidelines and multistakeholder engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Satheesh
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rupasvi Dhurjati
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark D Huffman
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andres Rosende
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Anthony Rodgers
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Pedro Ordunez
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Vivekanand Jha
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Salam
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Domingos LB, Müller HK, da Silva NR, Filiou MD, Nielsen AL, Guimarães FS, Wegener G, Joca S. Repeated cannabidiol treatment affects neuroplasticity and endocannabinoid signaling in the prefrontal cortex of the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat model of depression. Neuropharmacology 2024; 248:109870. [PMID: 38401791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Delayed therapeutic responses and limited efficacy are the main challenges of existing antidepressant drugs, thereby incentivizing the search for new potential treatments. Cannabidiol (CBD), non-psychotomimetic component of cannabis, has shown promising antidepressant effects in different rodent models, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the antidepressant-like effects of repeated CBD treatment on behavior, neuroplasticity markers and lipidomic profile in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL), a genetic animal model of depression, and their control counterparts Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats. Male FSL animals were treated with CBD (10 mg/kg; i.p.) or vehicle (7 days) followed by Open Field Test (OFT) and the Forced Swimming Test (FST). The PFC was analyzed by a) western blotting to assess markers of synaptic plasticity and cannabinoid signaling in synaptosome and cytosolic fractions; b) mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to investigate endocannabinoid levels (eCB). CBD attenuated the increased immobility observed in FSL, compared to FRL in FST, without changing the locomotor behavior in the OFT. In synaptosomes, CBD increased ERK1, mGluR5, and Synaptophysin, but failed to reverse the reduced CB1 and CB2 levels in FSL rats. In the cytosolic fraction, CBD increased ERK2 and decreased mGluR5 expression in FSL rats. Surprisingly, there were no significant changes in eCB levels in response to CBD treatment. These findings suggest that CBD effects in FSL animals are associated with changes in synaptic plasticity markers involving mGluR5, ERK1, ERK2, and synaptophysin signaling in the PFC, without increasing the levels of endocannabinoids in this brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Kaastrup Müller
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Michaela D Filiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Greece; Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Padrona M, Maroquenne M, El-Hafci H, Rossiaud L, Petite H, Potier E. Glucose depletion decreases cell viability without triggering degenerative changes in a physiological nucleus pulposus explant model. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1111-1121. [PMID: 37975418 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of intervertebral disc degeneration is still unresolved, the nutrient paucity resulting from its avascular nature is suspected of triggering degenerative processes in its core: the nucleus pulposus (NP). While severe hypoxia has no significant effects on NP cells, the impact of glucose depletion, such as found in degenerated discs (0.2-1 mM), is still uncertain. Using a pertinent ex-vivo model representative of the unique disc microenvironment, the present study aimed, therefore, at determining the effects of "degenerated" (0.3 mM) glucose levels on bovine NP explant homeostasis. The effects of glucose depletion were evaluated on NP cell viability, apoptosis, phenotype, metabolism, senescence, extracellular matrix anabolism and catabolism, and inflammatory mediator production using fluorescent staining, RT-qPCR, (immuno)histology, ELISA, biochemical, and enzymatic assays. Compared to the "healthy" (2 mM) glucose condition, exposure to the degenerated glucose condition led to a rapid and extensive decrease in NP cell viability associated with increased apoptosis. Although the aggrecan and collagen-II gene expression was also downregulated, NP cell phenotype, and senescence, matrix catabolism, and inflammatory mediator production were not, or only slightly, affected by glucose depletion. The present study provided evidence for glucose depletion as an essential player in NP cell viability but also suggested that other microenvironment factor(s) may be involved in triggering the typical shift of NP cell phenotype observed during disc degeneration. The present study contributes new information for better understanding disc degeneration at the cellular-molecular levels and thus helps to develop relevant therapeutical strategies to counteract it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanane El-Hafci
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, ENVA, B3OA, Paris, France
| | | | - Hervé Petite
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, ENVA, B3OA, Paris, France
| | - Esther Potier
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, ENVA, B3OA, Paris, France
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Berg FM, Correia ETO, Abenojar EC, Basilion JP, Rosol TJ, Baroni RH, Exner AA, Bittencourt LK. Multispecies comparative prostate anatomy by imaging: Implications for experimental models of prostatic disease. Prostate 2024; 84:682-693. [PMID: 38477025 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing interest in using preclinical models for development and assessment of medical devices and imaging techniques for prostatic disease care. Still, a comprehensive assessment of the prostate's radiological anatomy in primary preclinical models such as dogs, rabbits, and mice utilizing human anatomy as a reference point remains necessary with no optimal model for each purpose being clearly defined in the literature. Therefore, this study compares the anatomical characteristics of different animal models to the human prostatic gland from the imaging perspective. METHODS We imaged five Beagle laboratory dogs, five New Zealand White rabbits, and five mice, all sexually mature males, under Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approval. Ultrasonography (US) was performed using the Vevo® F2 for mice (57 MHz probe). Rabbits and dogs were imaged using the Siemens® Acuson S3000 (17 MHz probe) and endocavitary (8 MHz) probes, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also conducted with a 7T scanner in mice and 3T scanner in rabbits and dogs. RESULTS Canine transrectal US emerged as the optimal method for US imaging, depicting a morphologically similar gland to humans but lacking echoic zonal differentiation. MRI findings in canines indicated a homogeneously structured gland similar to the human peripheral zone on T2-weighted images (T2W) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In rabbits, US imaging faced challenges due to the pubic symphysis, whereas MRI effectively visualized all structures with the prostate presenting a similar aspect to the human peripheral gland on T2W and ADC maps. Murine prostate assessment revealed poor visualization of the prostate glands in ultrasound due to its small size, while 7T MRI delineated the distinct prostates and its lobes, with the lateral and dorsal prostate resembling the peripheral zone and the anterior prostate the central zone of the human gland. CONCLUSION Dogs stand out as superior models for advanced preclinical studies in prostatic disease research. However, mice present as a good model for early stage studies and rabbits are a cost-effective alternative and serve as valuable tools in specific research domains when canine research is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M Berg
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo T O Correia
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric C Abenojar
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - James P Basilion
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Ronaldo H Baroni
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Agata A Exner
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Pellinen J, Foster EC, Wilmshurst JM, Zuberi SM, French J. Improving epilepsy diagnosis across the lifespan: approaches and innovations. Lancet Neurol 2024; 23:511-521. [PMID: 38631767 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy diagnosis is often delayed or inaccurate, exposing people to ongoing seizures and their substantial consequences until effective treatment is initiated. Important factors contributing to this problem include delayed recognition of seizure symptoms by patients and eyewitnesses; cultural, geographical, and financial barriers to seeking health care; and missed or delayed diagnosis by health-care providers. Epilepsy diagnosis involves several steps. The first step is recognition of epileptic seizures; next is classification of epilepsy type and whether an epilepsy syndrome is present; finally, the underlying epilepsy-associated comorbidities and potential causes must be identified, which differ across the lifespan. Clinical history, elicited from patients and eyewitnesses, is a fundamental component of the diagnostic pathway. Recent technological advances, including smartphone videography and genetic testing, are increasingly used in routine practice. Innovations in technology, such as artificial intelligence, could provide new possibilities for directly and indirectly detecting epilepsy and might make valuable contributions to diagnostic algorithms in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Pellinen
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Emma C Foster
- Department of Neurosciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jo M Wilmshurst
- Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and University of Cape Town Neuroscience Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sameer M Zuberi
- Royal Hospital for Children and University of Glasgow School of Health & Wellbeing, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jacqueline French
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Xu Y, Li R, Hu C, He Y, Zhang X, Jin L. Global, regional, and national incidence trends of depressive disorder, 1990-2019: An age-period-cohort analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 88:51-60. [PMID: 38508076 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorder is a severe global public health problem. It is crucial to evaluate the global incidence trends of depressive disorder. METHODS The incidence data were drawn from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. Estimates were presented by global and sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles, and the age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to estimate the incidence trends. RESULTS APC analysis indicated a decline in depressive disorder incidence globally (net drift = -0.24%, 95%CI: -0.29, -0.18), except for an increase in SDI regions (net drift = 0.07, 95%CI:0, 0.14). In high SDI regions, depressive disorder incidence increased among the younger and declined among the elder population, whereas the opposite trend was observed in middle and low-middle SDI regions. The depressive disorder incidence increased significantly among people aged 15 to 24 years after adjusting for age effects, decreased since 2000 after adjusting for period effects and increased rapidly in the birth cohort after 1990 in high SDI by adjusting for cohort effects. CONCLUSION Globally, there was a declining trend of depressive disorder incidence in 1990-2019. Specifically, the incidence was declining globally in younger populations, while increasing in older populations. However, this trend differed depending on the SDI of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Runhong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Chengxiang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Yue He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Lina Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Ren L, Chen Q, Gao J, Liu Y, Tao Y, Li X, Luo Q, Lv F, Min S. Clinical efficacy of adjunctive esketamine anesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorders: A pragmatic, randomized, controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115843. [PMID: 38461645 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for depression, and esketamine has been shown to have antidepressant effects. However, it is currently unclear whether adjunctive esketamine can enhance the clinical efficacy of ECT in real-world clinical practice. In this pragmatic clinical trial, patients with major depression were randomly assigned into two groups: patients received 0.25 mg/kg esketamine plus propofol (esketamine group) or the same volume of saline (control group) plus propofol. Results indicated that there was no difference in response and remission rates between the two groups. However, patients receiving esketamine had a higher remission rate of SI and lower psychotic scores. Patients receiving esketamine also required a lower electric dose, but the seizure duration and cognitive function were comparable between the two groups. Diastolic blood pressure increased after esketamine injection, but there was no increased risk of hypertension. Furthermore, incidence of delirium and confusion were comparable between the groups. Conclusively, adjunctive esketamine anesthesia does not provide any advantage in improving the response and remission rates of ECT. However, it can improve remission of SI and alleviate accompanying psychotic symptoms in depressive patients. With adjunctive usage, the adverse cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric events associated with esketamine appear to be tolerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qibin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Tao
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trial Ward, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qinghua Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Feng Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Su Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Sjomina O, Poļaka I, Suhorukova J, Vangravs R, Paršutins S, Knaze V, Park JY, Herrero R, Murillo R, Leja M. Randomised clinical trial: efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication treatment with and without Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:217-222. [PMID: 37942999 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard triple therapy is commonly prescribed Helicobacter pylori eradication regimen in Europe. However, the world is witnessing declines in eradication success. It is crucial to find better treatment options. AIMS To evaluate efficacy, compliance and side effects of H. pylori eradication treatment by adding Saccharomyces boulardii . METHODS We conducted a randomized clinical trial within the GISTAR cohort, consisting of healthy individuals aged 40-64 years. Participants were administered clarithromycin-containing triple therapy (clarithromycin 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, esomeprazole 40 mg) twice daily. Randomization was applied based on two factors: 1)addition of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 500 mg BID or not; 2)treatment duration of 10 or 14 days. Treatment completion and adverse events were assessed via telephone interview 21-28 days after medication delivery. The efficacy was evaluated using a 13C-urea breath test (UBT) six months after treatment. RESULTS Altogether 404 participants were enrolled; data on adverse events were available from 391. Overall, 286 participants received follow-up UBT. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed higher eradication rates for 10-day probiotic treatment (70.8% vs. 54.6%, P = 0.022), but not for 14-day. Probiotic subgroups combined showed non-significantly higher efficacy in per-protocol analysis (90.6% vs. 85.0%, P = 0.183). S. boulardii reduced the frequency of adverse events ( P = 0.033) in 14-day regimen, particularly treatment-associated diarrhea ( P = 0.032). However, after the adjustment to control Type I error, results lost their significance. CONCLUSION Addition of S. boulardii to 14-day clarithromycin-containing triple regimen non-significantly lowers the likelihood of diarrhea and does not increase the eradication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sjomina
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | | | | | - Viktoria Knaze
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Jin Young Park
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Rolando Herrero
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, Lyon, France
- Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Fundación INCIENSA, Costa Rica
| | - Raul Murillo
- Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogota, Columbia
| | - Mārcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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Zhong J, Tang Y. Research progress on the role of reactive oxygen species in the initiation, development and treatment of breast cancer. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2024; 188:1-18. [PMID: 38387519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
According to international cancer data, breast cancer (BC) is the leading type of cancer in women. Although significant progress has been made in treating BC, metastasis and drug resistance continue to be the primary causes of mortality for many patients. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in vivo: normal levels can maintain the body's normal physiological function; however, high levels of ROS below the toxicity threshold can lead to mtDNA damage, activation of proto-oncogenes, and inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, which are important causes of BC. Differences in the production and regulation of ROS in different BC subtypes have important implications for the development and treatment of BC. ROS can also serve as an important intracellular signal transduction factor by affecting the antioxidant system, activating MAPK and PI3K/AKT, and other signal pathways to regulate cell cycle and change the relationship between cells and the activity of metalloproteinases, which significantly impacts the metastasis of BC. Hypoxia in the BC microenvironment increases ROS production levels, thereby inducing the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and forming "ROS- HIF-1α-ROS" cycle that exacerbates BC development. Many anti-BC therapies generate sufficient toxic ROS to promote cancer cell apoptosis, but because the basal level of ROS in BC cells exceeds that of normal cells, this leads to up-regulation of the antioxidant system, drug efflux, and apoptosis inhibition, rendering BC cells resistant to the drug. ROS crosstalks with tumor vessels and stromal cells in the microenvironment, increasing invasiveness and drug resistance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China.
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Zanatta FB, Antoniazzi RP, Oliveira LM, Lietzan AD, Miguez PA, Susin C. The efficacy of combining adjuvants with non-surgical periodontal therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:610-630. [PMID: 38342946 PMCID: PMC11023812 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM This Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessed the effect of adjuvant periodontal treatment in both periodontal and HbA1c outcomes in adult individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search was done up to February 2023 comparing sub-gingival debridement (SD) in combination with local or systemic adjuvant treatment with SD alone for individuals with T2DM. The primary outcomes were changes in absolute HbA1c levels and full-mouth probing depth reported at 3- to 6-month post-treatment. RESULTS Seventy-two eligible publications evaluating 27 adjuvant treatments were retrieved. The combination of SD and systemic antibiotic metronidazole or SD and antioxidant alpha lipoic acid provided, respectively, 1.4% (95% credible interval [CrI] 0.48; 2.20) and 2.4% (95% CrI 1.50; 3.30) more significant improvement on HbA1c levels, and 0.89 mm (95% CrI 0.23; 1.50) and 0.92 mm (95% CrI 0.02; 0.92) greater periodontal probing depth reductions. Other adjuvant treatments provided added benefit to the periodontal outcomes without discernible effects on HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant use of metronidazole or alpha lipoic acid was the best adjunct option to provide clinically meaningful HbA1c levels and probing depth reductions. However, no strong recommendation can be drawn due to the scarcity of studies for each adjuvant treatment and the low certainty of the resultant evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Batistin Zanatta
- Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry - Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raquel Pippi Antoniazzi
- Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry - Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leandro Machado Oliveira
- Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry - Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adam D Lietzan
- Department of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia A Miguez
- Department of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Department of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Wang HF, Liu WC, Zailani H, Yang CC, Chen TB, Chang CM, Tsai IJ, Yang CP, Su KP. A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 118:459-467. [PMID: 38499208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may benefit migraine improvement, though prior studies are inconclusive. This study evaluated the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on episodic migraine (EM) prevention. Seventy individuals with EM participated in a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial from March 2020 and May 2022. They were randomly assigned to either the EPA (N = 35, 2 g fish oil with 1.8 g of EPA as a stand-alone treatment daily), or the placebo group (N = 35, 2 g soybean oil daily). Migraine frequency and headache severity were assessed using the monthly migraine days, visual analog scale (VAS), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Migraine-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (MSQ), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in comparison to baseline measurements. The EPA group significantly outperformed the placebo in reducing monthly migraine days (-4.4 ± 5.1 days vs. - 0.6 ± 3.5 days, p = 0.001), days using acute headache medication (-1.3 ± 3.0 days vs. 0.1 ± 2.3 days, p = 0.035), improving scores for headache severity (ΔVAS score: -1.3 ± 2.4 vs. 0.0 ± 2.2, p = 0.030), disability (ΔMIDAS score: -13.1 ± 16.2 vs. 2.6 ± 20.2, p = 0.001), anxiety and depression (ΔHADS score: -3.9 ± 9.4 vs. 1.1 ± 9.1, p = 0.025), and quality of life (ΔMSQ score: -11.4 ± 19.0 vs. 3.1 ± 24.6, p = 0.007). Notably, female particularly benefited from EPA, underscoring its potential in migraine management. In conclusion, high-dose EPA has significantly reduced migraine frequency and severity, improved psychological symptoms and quality of life in EM patients, and shown no major adverse events, suggesting its potential as a prophylactic for EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Fang Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Halliru Zailani
- Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Bin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Mao Chang
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ju Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pai Yang
- Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Mi L, Xing Z, Zhang Y, He T, Su A, Wei T, Li Z, Wu W. Unveiling Gambogenic Acid as a Promising Antitumor Compound: A Review. Planta Med 2024; 90:353-367. [PMID: 38295847 DOI: 10.1055/a-2258-6663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Gambogenic acid is a derivative of gambogic acid, a polyprenylated xanthone isolated from Garcinia hanburyi. Compared with the more widely studied gambogic acid, gambogenic acid has demonstrated advantages such as a more potent antitumor effect and less systemic toxicity than gambogic acid according to early investigations. Therefore, the present review summarizes the effectiveness and mechanisms of gambogenic acid in different cancers and highlights the mechanisms of action. In addition, drug delivery systems to improve the bioavailability of gambogenic acid and its pharmacokinetic profile are included. Gambogenic acid has been applied to treat a wide range of cancers, such as lung, liver, colorectal, breast, gastric, bladder, and prostate cancers. Gambogenic acid exerts its antitumor effects as a novel class of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibitors. It prevents cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis and controlling the cell cycle as well as autophagy. Gambogenic acid also hinders tumor cell invasion and metastasis by downregulating metastasis-related proteins. Moreover, gambogenic acid increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and has shown effects on multidrug resistance in malignancy. This review adds insights for the prevention and treatment of cancers using gambogenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhichao Xing
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anping Su
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenshuang Wu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mou K, Chan SMH, Vlahos R. Musculoskeletal crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities: Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108635. [PMID: 38508342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifaceted respiratory disorder characterized by progressive airflow limitation and systemic implications. It has become increasingly apparent that COPD exerts its influence far beyond the respiratory system, extending its impact to various organ systems. Among these, the musculoskeletal system emerges as a central player in both the pathogenesis and management of COPD and its associated comorbidities. Muscle dysfunction and osteoporosis are prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in COPD patients, leading to a substantial decline in exercise capacity and overall health. These manifestations are influenced by systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances, all hallmarks of COPD. Recent research has uncovered an intricate interplay between COPD and musculoskeletal comorbidities, suggesting that muscle and bone tissues may cross-communicate through the release of signalling molecules, known as "myokines" and "osteokines". We explored this dynamic relationship, with a particular focus on the role of the immune system in mediating the cross-communication between muscle and bone in COPD. Moreover, we delved into existing and emerging therapeutic strategies for managing musculoskeletal disorders in COPD. It underscores the development of personalized treatment approaches that target both the respiratory and musculoskeletal aspects of COPD, offering the promise of improved well-being and quality of life for individuals grappling with this complex condition. This comprehensive review underscores the significance of recognizing the profound impact of COPD on the musculoskeletal system and its comorbidities. By unravelling the intricate connections between these systems and exploring innovative treatment avenues, we can aspire to enhance the overall care and outcomes for COPD patients, ultimately offering hope for improved health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mou
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stanley M H Chan
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Setliff JC, Anderst WJ. A scoping review of human skeletal kinematics research using biplane radiography. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:915-922. [PMID: 38366965 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Biplane radiography has emerged as the gold standard for accurately measuring in vivo skeletal kinematics during physiological loading. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the extent, range, and nature of biplane radiography research on humans from 2004 through 2022. A literature search was performed using the terms biplane radiography, dual fluoroscopy, dynamic stereo X-ray, and biplane videoradiography. All articles referenced in included publications were also assessed for inclusion. A secondary search was then performed using the names of the most frequently appearing principal investigators among included papers. A total of 379 manuscripts were identified and included. The first studies published in 2004 focused on the native knee, followed by studies of the ankle joint complex in 2006, the shoulder in 2007, and the spine in 2008. Nearly half (180, 47.5%) of all manuscripts investigated knee kinematics. The average number of publications increased from 21.6 per year from 2012 to 2017 to 34.6 per year from 2017 to 2022. The average number of participants per study was 16, with a range from 1 to 101. A total of 90.2% of studies featured cohorts of 30 or less. The most prolific research groups for each joint were: Mass General Hospital (lumbar spine and knee), Henry Ford Hospital (shoulder), the University of Utah (ankle and hip), The University of Pittsburgh (cervical spine), and Brown University (hand/wrist/elbow). Future advancements in biplane radiography research are dependent upon increased availability of these imaging systems, standardization of data collection protocols, and the development of automated approaches to expedite data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Setliff
- Biodynamics Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William J Anderst
- Biodynamics Lab, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yanik EL, Saccone NL, Aleem AW, Chamberlain AM, Zmistowski B, Sefko JA, Keener JD. Factors associated with genetic markers for rotator cuff disease in patients with atraumatic rotator cuff tears. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:934-941. [PMID: 38041210 PMCID: PMC11009082 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
For atraumatic rotator cuff tears, genetics contributes to symptomatic tear risk and may influence rotator cuff healing after surgical repair. But little is known about how genetic factors influence rotator cuff tear patient characteristics at presentation. We collected saliva samples for genotyping from atraumatic rotator cuff tear patients. We examined nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with cuff tears in prior literature. We estimated associations of SNP dosage with (1) age at tear diagnosis, (2) bilateral atraumatic tear prevalence, and (3) tear size. Linear regression was used to estimate associations with diagnosis age adjusted for sex and principal components. Logistic regression and ordinal logistic regression were used to estimate associations with bilateral tear prevalence and tear size category, respectively, adjusting for age, sex, and principal components. Of 344 eligible patients, 336 provided sufficient samples for genotyping. Median age at tear diagnosis was 61, 22% (N = 74) had bilateral atraumatic tears, and 9% (N = 29) had massive tears. SNP rs13107325 in the SLC39A8 gene and rs11850957 in the STXBP6 gene were associated with younger diagnosis age even after accounting for multiple comparisons (rs13107325: -4 years, 95% CI = -6.5, -1.4; rs11850957: -2.7 years, 95% CI = -4.3, -1.1). No other significant associations were observed with diagnosis age, tear size, or bilateral tear prevalence. SLC39A8 encodes a Mn transporter. STXBP6 may play a role in inflammatory responses by altering phagocytosis and antigen presentation of monocytes and macrophages. Further research is needed to determine if genetic markers can be used alongside patient characteristics to aid in identifying optimal surgical repair candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L. Yanik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nancy L. Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alexander W. Aleem
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Aaron M. Chamberlain
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Benjamin Zmistowski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Julianne A. Sefko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jay D. Keener
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Giannichi B, Nilson E, Ferrari G, Rezende LFM. The projected economic burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to overweight in Brazil by 2030. Public Health 2024; 230:216-222. [PMID: 38579649 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of overweight increases the risk of several non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and, consequently, the costs of health care systems. In this study, we aimed to project the economic burden of NCDs attributable to overweight in Brazil between 2021 and 2030. METHODS A cohort simulation of adults (17-117 years) using multistate lifetable modeling was used to estimate the costs of NCDs attributable to overweight in Brazil. The projections of direct health care costs (outpatient and inpatient expenses in the Unified Health System) and indirect costs (years of productive life lost) considered different trajectories of the prevalence of overweight between 2021 and 2030. RESULTS In 2019, the prevalence of overweight was 55.4% in the adult Brazilian population. We estimate that around 1.8 billion international dollars (Int$) would be spent on the direct health care cost of NCDs between 2021 and 2030, through the continued increase in overweight prevalence observed between 2006 and 2020. The indirect costs over the same time would be approximately 20.1 billion Int$. We estimate that halving the annual increase in body mass index slope from the beginning of 2021 until 2030 would save 20.2 million Int$ direct and indirect costs by 2030. In the scenario of keeping the prevalence of overweight observed in 2019 constant until 2030, the savings would be 40.8 million Int$. Finally, in the scenario of a 6.7% reduction in the prevalence of overweight observed in 2019 (to be achieved gradually until 2030), 74.1 million Int$ would be saved. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the high economic burden of overweight in the Brazilian adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Giannichi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Nilson
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food, Nutrition and Culture Program, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brasília, Brazil; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Chile; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L F M Rezende
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Göbel S, Braun AS, Hahad O, von Henning U, Brandt M, Keller K, Gaida MM, Gori T, Schultheiss HP, Escher F, Münzel T, Wenzel P. Etiologies and predictors of mortality in an all-comer population of patients with non-ischemic heart failure. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:737-749. [PMID: 38224373 PMCID: PMC11026225 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite progress in diagnosis and therapy of heart failure (HF), etiology and risk stratification remain elusive in many patients. METHODS The My Biopsy HF Study (German clinical trials register number: DRKS22178) is a retrospective monocentric study investigating an all-comer population of patients with unexplained HF based on a thorough workup including endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). RESULTS 655 patients (70.9% men, median age 55 [45/66] years) with non-ischemic, non-valvular HF were included in the analyses. 489 patients were diagnosed with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 52 patients with HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and 114 patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). After a median follow-up of 4.6 (2.5/6.6) years, 94 deaths were enumerated (HFrEF: 68; HFmrEF: 8; HFpEF: 18), equating to mortality rates of 3.3% and 11.6% for patients with HFrEF, 7.7% and 15.4% for patients with HFmrEF and 5.3% and 11.4% for patients with HFpEF after 1 and 5 years, respectively. In EMB, we detected a variety of putative etiologies of HF, including incidental cardiac amyloidosis (CA, 5.8%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities only CA, age and NYHA functional class III + IV remained independently associated with all-cause mortality (CA: HRperui 3.13, 95% CI 1.5-6.51; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS In an all-comer population of patients presenting with HF of unknown etiology, incidental finding of CA stands out to be independently associated with all-cause mortality. Our findings suggest that prospective trials would be helpful to test the added value of a systematic and holistic work-up of HF of unknown etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Göbel
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - A S Braun
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - O Hahad
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - U von Henning
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Brandt
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - K Keller
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - M M Gaida
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Mainz, Germany
- TRON, Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Gori
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - H P Schultheiss
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - F Escher
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Münzel
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - P Wenzel
- Cardiology I - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany.
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz), Mainz, Germany.
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Jiang Y, Cheng S, Shi Y, Xu Z, Wang H, Li Y, Liu Y, Li Z, Jiang Y, Meng X, Cheng S, Li H, Wang C, Wang Y. Subtype-Specific Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number With Poststroke/TIA Outcomes in 10 241 Patients in China. Stroke 2024; 55:1261-1270. [PMID: 38511332 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.045069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with the severity and mortality in patients with stroke, but the associations in different stroke subtypes remain unexplored. METHODS We conducted an observational prospective cohort analysis on patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack enrolled in the Third China National Stroke Registry. We applied logistic models to assess the association of mtDNA-CN with functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6 versus 0-2) and Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association with stroke recurrence (treating mortality as a competing risk) and mortality during a 12-month follow-up, adjusting for sex, age, physical activity, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission, history of stroke and peripheral artery disease, small artery occlusion, and interleukin-6. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and stroke subtypes were conducted. RESULTS The Third China National Stroke Registry enrolled 15 166 patients, of which 10 241 with whole-genome sequencing data were retained (mean age, 62.2 [SD, 11.2] years; 68.8% men). The associations between mtDNA-CN and poststroke/transient ischemic attack outcomes were specific to patients aged ≤65 years, with lower mtDNA-CN significantly associated with stroke recurrence in 12 months (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.15 per SD lower mtDNA-CN [95% CI, 1.04-1.27]; P=5.2×10-3) and higher all-cause mortality in 3 months (hazard ratio, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.41-3.39]; P=5.0×10-4). Across subtypes, the associations of mtDNA-CN with stroke recurrence were specific to stroke of undetermined cause (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.11-1.48]; P=6.6×10-4). In particular, lower mtDNA-CN was associated with poorer functional outcomes in stroke of undetermined cause patients diagnosed with embolic stroke of undetermined source (odds ratio, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.20-1.94]; P=5.4×10-4), which remained significant after excluding patients with recurrent stroke (odds ratio, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.14-1.94]; P=3.0×10-3). CONCLUSIONS Lower mtDNA-CN is associated with higher stroke recurrence rate and all-cause mortality, as well as poorer functional outcome at follow-up, among stroke of undetermined cause, embolic stroke of undetermined source, and younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Yi Jiang, H.W., Shanshan Cheng, C.W.)
| | - Si Cheng
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center of Excellence for Omics Research (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China (Si Cheng, Yong Jiang, Y.W.)
- Clinical Center for Precision Medicine in Stroke (Si Cheng, Y.W.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center of Excellence for Omics Research (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Yi Jiang, H.W., Shanshan Cheng, C.W.)
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center of Excellence for Omics Research (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center of Excellence for Omics Research (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Zixiao Li
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China (Si Cheng, Yong Jiang, Y.W.)
| | - Xia Meng
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Yi Jiang, H.W., Shanshan Cheng, C.W.)
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center of Excellence for Omics Research (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Yi Jiang, H.W., Shanshan Cheng, C.W.)
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center of Excellence for Omics Research (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, H.L., Y.W.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing (Si Cheng, Y.S., Z.X., Y. Li, Y. Liu, Z.L., Yong Jiang, X.M., H.L., Y.W.)
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China (Si Cheng, Yong Jiang, Y.W.)
- Clinical Center for Precision Medicine in Stroke (Si Cheng, Y.W.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection (Y.W.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Sharma A, Wibawa BSS, Andhikaputra G, Solanki B, Sapkota A, Chiang Hsieh LH, Iyer V, Wang YC. Spatial analysis of food and water-borne diseases in Ahmedabad, India: Implications for urban public health planning. Acta Trop 2024; 253:107170. [PMID: 38467234 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Spatial analysis of infectious diseases can play an important role in mapping the spread of diseases and can support policy making at local level. Moreover, identification of disease clusters based on local geography and landscape forms the basis for disease control and prevention. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the spatial-temporal variations, hotspot areas, and potential risk factors of infectious diseases (including Viral Hepatitis, Typhoid and Diarrhea) in Ahmedabad city of India. We used Moran's I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) mapping to detect spatial clustering of diseases. Spatial and temporal regression analysis was used to identify the association between disease incidence and spatial risk factors. The Moran's I statistics identified presence of positive spatial autocorrelation within the considered diseases, with Moran's I from 0.09 for typhoid to 0.21 for diarrhea (p < 0.001). This indicates a clustering of affected wards for each disease, suggesting that cases were not randomly distributed across the city. LISA mapping demonstrated the clustering of hotspots in central regions of the city, especially towards the east of the river Sabarmati, highlighting key geographical areas with elevated disease risk. The spatial clusters of infectious diseases were consistently associated with slum population density and illiteracy. Furthermore, temporal analysis suggested illiteracy rates could increase risk of viral hepatitis by 13 % (95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 1.01-1.26) and of diarrhea by 18 % (95 % CI: 1.07-1.31). Significant inverse association was also seen between viral hepatitis incidence and the distance of wards from rivers. Conclusively, the study highlight the impact of socio-economic gradients, such as slum population density (indicative of poverty) and illiteracy, on the localized transmission of water and foodborne infections. The evident social stratification between impoverished and affluent households emerges as a notable contributing factor and a potential source of differences in the dynamics of infectious diseases in Ahmedabad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sharma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Bima Sakti Satria Wibawa
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Gerry Andhikaputra
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Bhavin Solanki
- Medical Officer of Health, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Amir Sapkota
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Lin-Han Chiang Hsieh
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan.
| | - Veena Iyer
- Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Near Lekwada Bus Stop, Near Lekwada Bus Stop, Opp. New Air Force Station HQ, Palaj. Gandhinagar, 382042, Gujarat, India.
| | - Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
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