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Da Silva VC, Guerra GCB, Araújo DFDS, De Araújo ER, De Araújo AA, Dantas-Medeiros R, Zanatta AC, Da Silva ILG, De Araújo Júnior RF, Esposito D, Moncada M, Zucolotto SM. Chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effects of phenolic-rich extract of Commiphora leptophloeos against inflammatory bowel disease: Preclinical evidence. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 328:118025. [PMID: 38458342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillet (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant native to Brazil, popularly known as "imburana". Homemade leaf decoction and maceration were used to treat general inflammatory problems in the Brazilian Northeast population. Our previous research confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the C. leptophloeos hydroalcoholic leaf extract. AIM OF THE STUDY Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gut with no ideal treatment to maintain the remissive status. This work aimed to characterize the phytochemical composition and physicochemical properties of the C. leptophloeos hydroalcoholic leaf extract and its efficacy in chemopreventive and immunomodulatory responses in inflammatory bowel disease in non-clinical models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mass spectrometry and physicochemical tests determined the phytochemical profile and physicochemical characteristics of the Commiphora leptophloeos (CL) extract. The chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effects of CL extract (50 and 125 μg/mL) were evaluated in vitro in the RAW 264.7 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced cell assay and in vivo in the model of intestinal inflammation induced by 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS) in mice when they were treated with CL extract by intragastric gavage (i.g.) at doses of 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg. RESULTS Phytochemical annotation of CL extract showed a complex phenolic composition, characterized as phenolic acids and flavonoids, and satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. In addition, CL extract maintained the viability of RAW macrophages, reduced ROS and NO production, and negatively regulated COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 (p < 0.05). In the intestinal inflammation model, CL extract was able to downregulate NF-κB p65/COX-2, mTOR, iNOS, IL-17, decrease levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase and cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on these findings, CL extract reduced inflammatory responses by down-regulating pro-inflammatory markers in macrophages induced by LPS and DNBS-induced colitis in mice through NF-κB p65/COX-2 signaling. CL leaf extract requires further investigation as a candidate for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Costa Da Silva
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Edilane Rodrigues De Araújo
- Health Sciences Center, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Ana Caroline Zanatta
- Research Center for Natural and Synthetic Products, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Isadora Luisa Gomes Da Silva
- Biosciences Center, Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Marvin Moncada
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA; Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Health Sciences Center, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Zhang F, Wu J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Yang R. Alterations in serum metabolic profiles of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients after radiofrequency ablation therapy. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116073. [PMID: 38484637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the alterations in serum metabolic profiles and early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient characteristics after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy. This evaluation aimed to assess treatment effectiveness and identify potential novel approaches and targets for HCC treatment and prognosis monitoring. METHODS Untargeted metabolomics technology was employed to analyze serum metabolic profiles in healthy volunteer controls (NCs) and early stage HCC patients before and after RFA therapy. Additionally, Human Metabolome Database and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database were used to identify the differential metabolites (DMs) and metabolic pathways. Cystoscape was utilized to construct DM gene networks. Amino acid analyses were performed to validate our findings. RESULTS We identified 11, 14, and six DMs between the NC and HCC groups, HCC patients before and after RFA therapy, and post-RFA HCC and NC groups, respectively. The expression levels of these DMs, particularly those of amino acids and lipids, significantly changed. Compared with the NC group, higher levels of L-tyrosine, aspartate, and 18-oxo-oleate were observed in HCC patients, which were significantly reduced in patients after RFA therapy. Meanwhile, HCC patients after RFA therapy had increased levels of L-arginine, phosphatidic acid (20:3), and lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) (20:4) compared to those before therapy, while their levels before therapy were lower than those of NC. Moreover, most metabolites in the post-RFA and NC groups showed no significant changes in expression, except for L-tyrosine and LPC (16:0). These metabolites could potentially serve as characteristic factors of early-stage HCC patients after RFA therapy. Joint pathway analysis revealed striking changes, mainly in phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; and arginine and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Bioinformatics analysis of publicly available data preliminarily identified 187 DM-related metabolic enzymes. CONCLUSION Our study proposed novel targets for early-stage HCC treatment, laying the groundwork for improving treatment efficacy and prognosis of early-stage HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300000, China.
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103
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Yang L, Kung CJS, Lu Z, Liu JYH, Ngan MP, Sakai T, Sakata I, Chan SW, Tu L, Rudd JA. Exploring the role of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Neuropharmacology 2024; 251:109919. [PMID: 38548221 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Ghrelin and its mimetics have been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced emesis in preclinical studies using ferrets and shrews. This study investigated the effectiveness of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) in antagonizing cisplatin-induced emesis and physiological changes indicative of nausea in Suncus murinus. Animals implanted with radiotelemetry devices were administered ghrelin (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/day), DAG (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/day), or saline (14 μL/day) intracerebroventricularly 4 days before and 3 days after treatment with cisplatin (30 mg/kg). At the end, the anti-apoptotic potentials of ghrelin and DAG were assessed by measuring Bax expression and cytochrome C activity. Neurotransmitter changes in the brain were evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Ghrelin and DAG reduced cisplatin-induced emesis in the delayed (24-72 h) but not the acute phase (0-24 h) of emesis. Ghrelin also partially reversed the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on food intake without affecting gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity or causing hypothermia; however, ghrelin or DAG did not prevent these effects. Ghrelin and DAG could attenuate the cisplatin-induced upregulation of Bax and cytochrome C in the ileum. Cisplatin dysregulated neurotransmitter levels in the frontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, and brainstem, and this was partially restored by low doses of ghrelin and DAG. Our findings suggest that ghrelin and DAG exhibit protective effects against cisplatin-induced delayed emesis. The underlying antiemetic mechanism may involve GHSR and/or unspecified pathways that modulate the neurotransmitters involved in emesis control in the brain and an action to attenuate apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqing Yang
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Charmaine J S Kung
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Zengbing Lu
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Julia Y H Liu
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Man Piu Ngan
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Takafumi Sakai
- Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sakata
- Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Sze Wa Chan
- School of Health Sciences, Saint Francis University, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Longlong Tu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - John A Rudd
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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Jia W, Lin X, Chen X, Li H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang B, Chen X, Chen J, Tian H. Rujifang inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth via the PI3K/AKT pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 327:118011. [PMID: 38467320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rujifang (RJF) constitutes a traditional Chinese medicinal compound extensively employed in the management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, information regarding its potential active ingredients, antitumor effects, safety, and mechanism of action remains unreported. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the efficacy and safety of RJF in the context of TNBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray four-pole time-of-flight mass spectrometry technique (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS) to scrutinize the chemical constituents of RJF. Subcutaneously transplanted tumor models were utilized to assess the impact of RJF on TNBC in vivo. Thirty female BLAB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: the model group, cyclophosphamide group, and RJF high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose groups. A total of 1 × 106 4T1 cells were subcutaneously injected into the right shoulder of mice, and they were administered treatments for a span of 28 days. We conducted evaluations on blood parameters, encompassing white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), platelet count (PLT), neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, as well as hepatorenal indicators including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), albumin, and creatinine (CRE) to gauge the safety of RJF. Ki67 and TUNEL were detected via immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, respectively. We prepared RJF drug-containing serum for TNBC cell lines and assessed the in vitro inhibitory effect of RJF on tumor cell growth through the CCK8 assay and cell cycle analysis. RT-PCR was employed to detect the mRNA expression of cyclin-dependent kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in tumor tissues, and Western blot was carried out to ascertain the expression of cyclin and pathway-related proteins. RESULTS 100 compounds were identified in RJF, which consisted of 3 flavonoids, 24 glycosides, 18 alkaloids, 3 amino acids, 8 phenylpropanoids, 6 terpenes, 20 organic acids, and 18 other compounds. In animal experiments, both CTX and RJF exhibited substantial antitumor effects. RJF led to an increase in the number of neutrophils in peripheral blood, with no significant impact on other hematological indices. In contrast, CTX reduced red blood cell count, hemoglobin levels, and white blood cell count, while increasing platelet count. RJF exhibited no discernible influence on hepatorenal function, whereas Cyclophosphamide (CTX) decreased ALP, GOT, and GPT levels. Both CTX and RJF reduced the expression of Ki67 and heightened the occurrence of apoptosis in tumor tissue. RJF drug-containing serum hindered the viability of 4T1 and MD-MBA-231 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. In cell cycle experiments, RJF diminished the proportion of G2 phase cells and arrested the cell cycle at the S phase. RT-PCR analysis indicated that RJF down-regulated the mRNA expression of CDK2 and CDK4, while up-regulating that of P21 and P27 in tumor tissue. The trends in CDKs and CDKIs protein expression mirrored those of mRNA expression. Moreover, the PI3K/AKT pathway displayed downregulation in the tumor tissue of mice treated with RJF. CONCLUSION RJF demonstrates effectiveness and safety in the context of TNBC. It exerts anti-tumor effects by arresting the cell cycle at the S phase through the PI3K-AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Jia
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuezhang Chen
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingru Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinsong Chen
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xikang Chen
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ju Chen
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huaqin Tian
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
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Fan S, Zhu H, Liu W, Ha J, Liu Y, Mi M, Ren Q, Xu L, Zhang J, Liu W, Feng F, Xu J. Comparing massa medicata fermentata before and after charred in terms of digestive promoting effect via metabolomics and microbiome analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 327:117989. [PMID: 38462026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Massa Medicata Fermentata, a fermented Chinese medicine, is produced by the fermentation of six traditional Chinese medicines. Liu Shenqu (LSQ) and charred Liu Shenqu (CLSQ) have been used for strengthening the spleen and enhancing digestion for over a thousand years, and CLSQ is commonly used in clinical practice. However, it is unclear whether there is a difference in the spleen strengthening and digestion effects between LSQ and CLSQ, as well as their mechanisms of action. AIM OF STUDY This study aims to compare the effects of LSQ and CLSQ on the digestive function of functional dyspepsia (FD) rats and reveal their mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, model group, Liu Shenqu decoction low-dosage (LSQ LD) group, Liu Shenqu decoction high-dosage (LSQ HD) group, charred Liu Shenqu decoction low-dosage (CLSQ LD) group, and charred Liu Shenqu decoction high-dosage (CLSQ HD) group. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with reserpine to create an FD model and then treated by intragastric administration. During this period, record the weight and food intake of the animals. After 18 days of treatment, specimens of the gastric antrum, spleen, and duodenum of rats were taken for pathological staining and immunohistochemical detection of Ghrelin protein expression. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentration of relevant gastrointestinal hormones in serum. The 16 S rDNA sequencing method was used to evaluate the effect of cecal contents on the structure of the gut microbiota in experimental rats. Plasma metabolomics analysis was performed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to further reveal their mechanism of action. RESULTS LSQ and CLSQ improved the pathological tissue histological structure of FD rats and increased the levels of MTL and GAS hormones in serum and the levels of ghrelin in the gastric antrum, spleen, and duodenum, while reducing VIP, CCK, and SP hormone levels. The above results showed that the therapeutic efficacy of CLSQ is better than that of LSQ. Futhermore, the mechanism of action of LSQ and CLSQ were revealed. The 16 S rDNA sequencing results showed that both LSQ and CLSQ can improve the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. And metabolomic analysis demonstrated that 20 metabolites changed after LSQ treatment, and 16 metabolites underwent continuous changes after CLSQ treatment. Further analysis revealed that LSQ mainly intervened in the metabolic pathways of glycerol phospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism, but CLSQ mainly intervened in the metabolic pathways of ether lipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Both LSQ and CLSQ can improve functional dyspepsia in FD rats, but CLSQ has a stronger improvement effect on FD. Although their mechanisms of action are all related to regulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion, significantly improving intestinal microbiota disorders, and improving multiple metabolic pathways, but the specific gut microbiota and metabolic pathways they regulate are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huangyao Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wanqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jingwen Ha
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ma Mi
- Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, China
| | - Qingjia Ren
- Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, 223003, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, China.
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Zhou X, Fu Y, Chen J, Liu P. Progress in clinical and basic research of fuzheng Huayu formula for the treatment of liver fibrosis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 327:118018. [PMID: 38453100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine has great potential and advantages in the treatment of liver fibrosis, with Fuzheng Huayu formula (FZHY) serving as a prime example due to its remarkable efficacy in delaying and reversing liver fibrosis while simultaneously improving clinical symptoms for patients. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of recent studies on the therapeutic potential of FZHY and its components/ingredients in the treatment of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, with the aim of providing insights for future research endeavors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted on FZHY, TCM319, traditional Chinese medicine 319, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis using multiple internationally recognized databases including PubMed, Embase, Springer, Web of science, SciVerse ScienceDirect, Clinical Trails. Gov, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP. RESULTS FZHY is widely used clinically for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by various chronic liver diseases, with the effects of improving serum liver function, liver pathological histology, serological indices related to liver fibrosis, decreasing liver stiffness values and portal hypertension, as well as reducing the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and morbidity/mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that FZHY possesses anti-fibrotic effects by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation, reducing inflammation, protecting hepatocytes, inhibiting hepatic sinusoidal capillarization and angiogenesis, promoting extracellular matrix degradation, and facilitating liver regeneration. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on investigating the primary active components/ingredients of FZHY, and significant strides have been made in comprehending their synergistic mechanisms that enhance efficacy. CONCLUSION FZHY is a safe and effective drug for treating liver fibrosis. Future research on FZHY should focus on its active components/ingredients and their synergistic effects, as well as the development of modern cocktail drugs based on its components/ingredients. This will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and targets of FZHY in treating liver fibrosis, thereby further guide clinical applications and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhou
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadong Fu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Nabil G, Ahmed YH, Ahmed O, Milad SS, Hisham M, Rafat M, Atia M, Shokry AA. Argel's stemmoside C as a novel natural remedy for mice with alcohol-induced gastric ulcer based on its molecular mechanistic pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 327:117970. [PMID: 38428660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Solenostemma argel is widely distributed in Africa & Asia with traditional usage in alleviating abdominal colic, aches, & cramps. This plant is rich in phytochemicals, which must be explored for its pharmacological effects. PURPOSE Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the digestion of the digestive tube. PUD not only interferes with food digestion & nutrient absorption, damages one of the largest defensive barriers against pathogenic micro-organisms, but also impedes drug absorption & bioavailability, rendering the oral route, the most convenient way, ineffective. Omeprazole, one of the indispensable cost-effective proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) extensively prescribed to control PUD, is showing growing apprehensions toward multiple drug interactions & side effects. Hence, finding a natural alternative with Omeprazole-like activity & limited side effects is a medical concern. STUDY DESIGN Therefore, we present Stemmoside C as a new gastroprotective phytochemical agent isolated from Solenostemma argel to be tested in upgrading doses against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in mice compared to negative, positive, & reference Omeprazole groups. METHODS We carried out in-depth pharmacological & histopathological studies to determine the possible mechanistic pathway. RESULTS Our results showed that Stemmoside C protected the stomach against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers parallel to Omeprazole. Furthermore, the mechanistic studies revealed that Stemmoside C produced its effect using an orchestrated array of different mechanisms. Stemmoside C stimulates stomach defense by increasing COX-2, PGE-2, NO, & TFF-1 healing factors, IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine, & Nrf-2 & HO-1 anti-oxidant pathways. It also suppresses stomach ulceration by inhibiting leucocyte recruitment, especially neutrophils, leading to subsequent inhibition of NF-κBp65, TNF-α, IL-1β, & iNOS pro-inflammatory cytokines & JAK-1/STAT-3 inflammation-induced carcinogenicity cascade in addition to MMP-9 responsible for tissue degradation. CONCLUSION These findings cast light on Stemmoside C's clinical application against gastric ulcer progression, recurrence, & tumorigenicity & concurrently with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Nabil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Omaima Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Selvia S Milad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hisham
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Rafat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Atia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Aya A Shokry
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Shao G, Liu Y, Lu L, Wang L, Ji G, Xu H. Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of digestive inflammatory cancer transformation: Portulaca oleracea L. as a promising drug. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 327:117999. [PMID: 38447616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for centuries to treat various types of inflammation and tumors of the digestive system. Portulaca oleracea L. (POL), has been used in TCM for thousands of years. The chemical composition of POL is variable and includes flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and organic acids and other classes of natural compounds. Many of these compounds exhibit powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer-transforming effects in the digestive system. AIM OF STUDY In this review, we focus on the potential therapeutic role of POL in NASH, gastritis and colitis and their associated cancers, with a focus on the pharmacological properties and potential mechanisms of action of the main natural active compounds in POL. METHODS The information and data on Portulaca oleracea L. and its main active ingredients were collated from various resources like ethnobotanical textbooks and literature databases such as CNKI, VIP (Chinese literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Google Scholar (English literatures), Wiley, Springer, Tailor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet. RESULTS Kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, EPA, DHA, and melatonin were found to improve NASH and NASH-HCC, while kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin played a therapeutic role in gastritis and gastric cancer. Apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, lupeol, vitamin C and melatonin were found to have therapeutic effects in the treatment of colitis and its associated cancers. The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. CONCLUSION The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. However, clinical data describing the mode of action of the naturally active compounds of POL are still lacking. In addition, pharmacokinetic data for POL compounds, such as changes in drug dose and absorption rates, cannot be extrapolated from animal models and need to be measured in patients in clinical trials. On the one hand, a systematic meta-analysis of the existing publications on TCM containing POL still needs to be carried out. On the other hand, studies on the hepatic and renal toxicity of POL are also needed. Additionally, well-designed preclinical and clinical studies to validate the therapeutic effects of TCM need to be performed, thus hopefully providing a basis for the validation of the clinical benefits of POL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxuan Shao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China.
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China.
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Ploukou S, Papakosta-Gaki Ε, Panagopoulou E, Benos A, Smyrnakis E. Unmet Needs in the Process of Chemotherapy Provision in Pancreatic Cancer Patients from the Healthcare Provider Perspective: A Phenomenological Study in Greece. Zdr Varst 2024; 63:73-80. [PMID: 38517148 PMCID: PMC10954243 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2024-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death overall, with 1.5 years life expectancy and minimal therapeutic progress in the last decades. Despite the burden it causes, there is little research on the needs of this specific population. This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals' views on providing care and patients' unsatisfied needs. Methods This qualitative descriptive study was carried out at a cancer hospital in Northern Greece. A total of 12 participants (6 physicians and 6 nurses), treating patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing chemotherapy, were recruited through purposive sampling and underwent face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed through the thematic analysis method in NVivo12 software. Results The analysis highlighted two themes: "needs of patients with pancreatic cancer" consisted of 6 subthemes ("daily activities", "symptoms management", "psychological support", "information needs", "multidisciplinary care" and "end-of-life care") and "needs of healthcare professionals" had 3 subthemes ("psychological support", "education" and "organizational support"). Several symptoms are identified and affect the daily activities of these patients, and psychological support is important for the majority of them, even at the time of diagnosis. The participants express dissatisfaction with the absence of palliative care structures and services and stated that an interdisciplinary approach would improve the quality of care. Conclusions Healthcare professionals report a wide range of unsatisfied needs of patients with pancreatic cancer, with the majority expressing their concerns about the complete lack of patient support in the last stages of their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Ploukou
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research - Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Εleni Papakosta-Gaki
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research - Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efharis Panagopoulou
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research - Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexios Benos
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research - Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanoui Smyrnakis
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research - Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Okuhira R, Sonomura T, Tanaka R, Inagaki R, Ueda S, Fukuda K, Higashino N, Kamisako A, Sato H, Ikoma A, Minamiguchi H. Successful coil embolization of post-hepatectomy arterioportal fistula that reduced ascites and improved liver function. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:2206-2210. [PMID: 38515772 PMCID: PMC10955095 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A 71-year-old man had previously undergone S7 + S8 dorsal segmentectomy and S5 partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinomas. Six months later, he experienced abdominal distention. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed massive ascites and a significant hepatic arterioportal shunt. The ascites was thought to be caused by portal hypertension due to a high-flow hepatic arterioportal fistula (HAPF). The fistula, located between the right hepatic artery A7 and the right portal vein, was embolized with microcoils under flow control using a balloon catheter. After embolization, the shunt blood flow disappeared and the hepatopetal venous flow was restored. His body weight and abdominal circumference decreased immediately, and his liver function on blood tests improved after the procedure. CT performed 11 days after embolization showed decreased ascites. A HAPF after hepatectomy is extremely rare. Balloon-assisted embolization using microcoils is a useful endovascular procedure for treating a high-flow HAPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Okuhira
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sonomura
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Riki Inagaki
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shota Ueda
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kodai Fukuda
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Higashino
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Atsufumi Kamisako
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hirotatsu Sato
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akira Ikoma
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Minamiguchi
- The Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Hataminejad M, Anvari D, Khaleghi N, Nayeri T, Shirazinia R, Shariatzadeh SA, Hosseini SA, Siyadatpanah A, Gholami S. Current status and future prospects of Echinococcus multilocularis vaccine candidates: A systematic review. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 24:100345. [PMID: 38516388 PMCID: PMC10950815 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The larval stages of Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis) are what cause the zoonotic disease known as alveolar echinococcosis (AE). Identifying the antigens that trigger immune responses during infection is extremely important for the development of vaccines against Echinococcus infections. Several studies conducted in recent decades have described the specific traits of the protective antigens found in E. multilocularis and their role in immunizing different animal hosts. The objective of the current systematic review was to summarize the findings of relevant literature on this topic and unravel the most effective vaccine candidate antigens for future research. A comprehensive search was conducted across five databases, including ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, until March 1, 2023. Two reviewers autonomously conducted the screening and evaluation of data extraction and quality assessment. In the present study, a total of 41 papers matched the criteria for inclusion. The study findings indicate that the combination of Em14-3-3 and BCG is widely considered the most often employed antigens for E. multilocularis immunization. In addition, the study describes antigen delivery, measurement of immune responses, adjuvants, animal models, as well as routes and doses of vaccination. The research indicated that recombinant vaccines containing EMY162, EM95, and EmII/3-Em14-3-3 antigens and crude or purified antigens containing ribotan-formulated excretory/secretory antigens exhibited the most favorable outcomes and elicited protective immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hataminejad
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Davood Anvari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Nahid Khaleghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Tooran Nayeri
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Reza Shirazinia
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Shirzad Gholami
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Zhu F, Wang YM, Ni M, Liang Y, Huang JH, Wang XH, Cheng F, Lu L. Diagnosis and therapy of tacrolimus toxicity in a liver transplant recipient during COVID-19 treatment. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:326-330. [PMID: 37852915 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jie-Hui Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Xue-Hao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China.
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Ishido H, Tajima H, Meguro S, Takada M, Tatsuoka T, Kawasaki K, Ono Y, Ban S, Okuyama T, Yoshitomi H. Primary anastomosing hemangioma as a preoperative diagnostic mimicker of retroperitoneal cavernous hemangioma: A case report. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:254. [PMID: 38646490 PMCID: PMC11027107 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anastomosing hemangioma (AH) is rare and a newly recognized variant of capillary hemangioma that is mostly found in the genitourinary tract. Additionally, AH is sometimes difficult to diagnose without pathological specimens. It is difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to the lack of specific clinical and radiologic appearance. The present report describes the imaging features from a radiological perspective and outlines the clinicopathologic features and treatment options. A 67-year-old woman was referred to Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center (Koshigaya, Japan) for a retroperitoneal tumor that was identified at a medical checkup 4 years prior. The patient had no symptoms, no abnormal physical signs and no past medical or specific family history. Routine blood tests were all within the normal ranges. A nonenhanced CT scan showed a circular, homogenous, well-circumscribed retroperitoneal tumor that was ~32×23 mm in size, between the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava, and just below the left renal vein. On a contrast-enhanced multidetector CT scan, the tumor showed heterogeneous septal enhancement in the arterial phase and persistent enhancement in the portal phase. The tumor was diagnosed as a benign neurogenic tumor or a retroperitoneal cavernous hemangioma at the time, and the patient was intended to be followed up at the outpatient clinic. However, it gradually increased to a maximum diameter of 35 mm over 4 years. Finally, it was completely resected by open laparotomy and pathologically diagnosed as AH. Retroperitoneal hemangioma is extremely rare in adulthood and has been confirmed in only 1-3% of all retroperitoneal tumors. To the best of our knowledge, only 6 cases of para-aortic AH have been reported. The incidence of this variant is very low. However, AH may be included in the differential diagnosis when a slowly progressing heterogeneous mass appears in the para-aortic region that exhibits a CT-enhanced pattern similar to a typical cavernous hemangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Ishido
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Soya Meguro
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Musashi Takada
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Teppei Tatsuoka
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Keishi Kawasaki
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Yuko Ono
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ban
- Department of Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Okuyama
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
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Maino C, Cereda M, Franco PN, Boraschi P, Cannella R, Gianotti LV, Zamboni G, Vernuccio F, Ippolito D. Cross-sectional imaging after pancreatic surgery: The dialogue between the radiologist and the surgeon. Eur J Radiol Open 2024; 12:100544. [PMID: 38304573 PMCID: PMC10831502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic surgery is nowadays considered one of the most complex surgical approaches and not unscathed from complications. After the surgical procedure, cross-sectional imaging is considered the non-invasive reference standard to detect early and late compilations, and consequently to address patients to the best management possible. Contras-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) should be considered the most important and useful imaging technique to evaluate the surgical site. Thanks to its speed, contrast, and spatial resolution, it can help reach the final diagnosis with high accuracy. On the other hand, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be considered as a second-line imaging approach, especially for the evaluation of biliary findings and late complications. In both cases, the radiologist should be aware of protocols and what to look at, to create a robust dialogue with the surgeon and outline a fitted treatment for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Maino
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Marco Cereda
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Paolo Niccolò Franco
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Piero Boraschi
- Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Cannella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Vittorio Gianotti
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
- School of Medicine, Università Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20100 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Zamboni
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Vernuccio
- University Hospital of Padova, Institute of Radiology, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Ippolito
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
- School of Medicine, Università Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20100 Milano, Italy
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115
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Rahman Z, Pasam T, Rishab, Dandekar MP. Binary classification model of machine learning detected altered gut integrity in controlled-cortical impact model of traumatic brain injury. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:163-174. [PMID: 35758006 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2095271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the study: To examine the effect of controlled-cortical impact (CCI), a preclinical model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), on intestinal integrity using a binary classification model of machine learning (ML).Materials and methods: Adult, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to CCI surgery using a stereotaxic impactor (Impact One™). The rotarod and hot-plate tests were performed to assess the neurological deficits.Results: Mice underwent CCI displayed a remarkable neurological deficit as noticed by decreased latency to fall and lesser paw withdrawal latency in rotarod and hot plate test, respectively. Animals were sacrificed 3 days post-injury (dpi). The colon sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to integrate with machinery tool-based algorithms. Several stained colon images were captured to build a dataset for ML model to predict the impact of CCI vs sham procedure. The best results were obtained with VGG16 features with SVM RBF kernel and VGG16 features with stacked fully connected layers on top. We achieved a test accuracy of 84% and predicted the disrupted gut permeability and epithelium wall of colon in CCI group as compared to sham-operated mice.Conclusion: We suggest that ML may become an important tool in the development of preclinical TBI model and discovery of newer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tulasi Pasam
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rishab
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, International Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, India
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Xiong J, Liu Z, Jia L, Sun Y, Guo R, Xi T, Li Z, Wu M, Jiang H, Li Y. Bioinspired engineering ADSC nanovesicles thermosensitive hydrogel enhance autophagy of dermal papilla cells for androgenetic alopecia treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:112-125. [PMID: 38440324 PMCID: PMC10911949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a highly prevalent form of non-scarring alopecia but lacks effective treatments. Stem cell exosomes have similar repair effects to stem cells, suffer from the drawbacks of high cost and low yield yet. Cell-derived nanovesicles acquired through mechanical extrusion exhibit favorable biomimetic properties similar to exosomes, enabling them to efficiently encapsulate substantial quantities of therapeutic proteins. In this study, we observed that JAM-A, an adhesion protein, resulted in a significantly increased the adhesion and resilience of dermal papilla cells to form snap structures against damage caused by dihydrotestosterone and macrophages, thereby facilitating the process of hair regrowth in cases of AGA. Consequently, adipose-derived stem cells were modified to overexpress JAM-A to produce engineered JAM-A overexpressing nanovesicles (JAM-AOE@NV). The incorporation of JAM-AOE@NV into a thermosensitive hydrogel matrix (JAM-AOE@NV Gel) to effectively addresses the limitations associated with the short half-life of JAM-AOE@NV, and resulted in the achievement of a sustained-release profile for JAM-AOE@NV. The physicochemical characteristics of the JAM-AOE@NV Gel were analyzed and assessed for its efficacy in promoting hair regrowth in vivo and vitro. The JAM-AOE@NV Gel, thus, presents a novel therapeutic approach and theoretical framework for promoting the treatment of low cell adhesion diseases similar to AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Zhixiao Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lingling Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Tingting Xi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zihan Li
- St Hugh's College, University of Oxford, OX2 6LE, United Kingdom
| | - Minjuan Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
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Anazco D, Acosta A, Cathcart-Rake EJ, D'Andre SD, Hurtado MD. Weight-centric prevention of cancer. Obes Pillars 2024; 10:100106. [PMID: 38495815 PMCID: PMC10943063 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background The link between excess adiposity and carcinogenesis has been well established for multiple malignancies, and cancer is one of the main contributors to obesity-related mortality. The potential role of different weight-loss interventions on cancer risk modification has been assessed, however, its clinical implications remain to be determined. In this clinical review, we present the data assessing the effect of weight loss interventions on cancer risk. Methods In this clinical review, we conducted a comprehensive search of relevant literature using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies from inception to January 20, 2024. In this clinical review, we present systematic reviews and meta-analysis, randomized clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective observational studies that address the effect of different treatment modalities for obesity in cancer risk. In addition, we incorporate the opinions from experts in the field of obesity medicine and oncology regarding the potential of weight loss as a preventative intervention for cancer. Results Intentional weight loss achieved through different modalities has been associated with a reduced cancer incidence. To date, the effect of weight loss on the postmenopausal women population has been more widely studied, with multiple reports indicating a protective effect of weight loss on hormone-dependent malignancies. The effect of bariatric interventions as a protective intervention for cancer has been studied extensively, showing a significant reduction in cancer incidence and mortality, however, data for the effect of bariatric surgery on certain specific types of cancer is conflicting or limited. Conclusion Medical nutrition therapy, exercise, antiobesity medication, and bariatric interventions, might lead to a reduction in cancer risk through weight loss-dependent and independent factors. Further evidence is needed to better determine which population might benefit the most, and the amount of weight loss required to provide a clinically significant preventative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Anazco
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andres Acosta
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Maria D. Hurtado
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Araújo-Rodrigues H, Sousa AS, Relvas JB, Tavaria FK, Pintado M. An Overview on Mushroom Polysaccharides: Health-promoting Properties, Prebiotic and Gut Microbiota Modulation Effects and Structure-function Correlation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121978. [PMID: 38494231 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides are recognized as "biological response modifiers". Besides several bioactivities, a growing interest in their prebiotic potential has been raised due to the gut microbiota modulation potential. This review comprehensively summarizes mushroom polysaccharides' biological properties, structure-function relationship, and underlying mechanisms. It provides a recent overview of the key findings in the field (2018-2024). Key findings and limitations on structure-function correlation are discussed. Although most studies focus on β-glucans or extracts, α-glucans and chitin have gained interest. Prebiotic capacity has been associated with α-glucans and chitin, while antimicrobial and wound healing potential is attributed to chitin. However, further research is of utmost importance. Human fecal fermentation is the most reported approach to assess prebiotic potential, indicating impacts on intestinal biological, mechanical, chemical and immunological barriers. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been directly connected with intestinal, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological diseases. Concerning gut microbiota modulation, animal experiments have suggested proinflammatory cytokines reduction and redox balance re-establishment. Most literature focused on the anticancer and immunomodulatory potential. However, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, antilipidemic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties are discussed. A significant overview of the gaps and research directions in synergistic effects, underlying mechanisms, structure-function correlation, clinical trials and scientific data is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Araújo-Rodrigues
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Program of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Sofia Sousa
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Bettencourt Relvas
- Program of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Freni K Tavaria
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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Duncan JL, Ahmad RN, Danesi H, Slade DJ, Davalos RV, Verbridge SS. Electro-antibacterial therapy (EAT) to enhance intracellular bacteria clearance in pancreatic cancer cells. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108669. [PMID: 38377890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Intratumoral bacteria have been implicated in driving tumor progression, yet effective treatments to modulate the tumor microbiome remain limited. In this study, we investigate the use of electroporation in combination with metronidazole to enhance the clearance of intracellular Fusobacterium nucleatum within pancreatic cancer cells. We explore various parameters, including electric field strength, pulse width, and pulse number to assess the permeability of pancreatic cancer cells infected with F. nucleatum, compared to non-infected cells of the same type. We subsequently quantify the clearance of intracellular bacteria when these pulsing schemes are applied to a suspension of infected pancreatic cancer cells in the presence of metronidazole. Our results reveal distinct differences in cell permeability between infected and non-infected cells, identifying a unique biophysical marker for host cells infected with F. nucleatum. We demonstrate that the combinatorial use of electroporation and metronidazole significantly enhances the delivery of metronidazole into host cells, leading to more effective clearance of intracellular F. nucleatum compared to independent treatments; we term this novel approach Electro-Antibacterial Therapy (EAT). EAT holds promise as an innovative strategy for addressing intratumoral bacteria in pancreatic cancer, other malignancies, and potentially treatment-resistant infections, offering new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie L Duncan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech - Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raffae N Ahmad
- Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Hunter Danesi
- Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Daniel J Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech - Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Scott S Verbridge
- Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Abera MT, Abdela AF, Adela AY, Annose RT, Kebede AG. Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis: A rare cause of intestinal obstruction in 2 patients. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:2477-2482. [PMID: 38577128 PMCID: PMC10992281 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is a very rare cause of intestinal obstruction. It usually follows peritoneal dialysis. The idiopathic form is also called abdominal cocoon and is more common in tropical and subtropical regions. We hereby present the clinical histories and imaging findings of 2 confirmed cases of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis who presented with chronic symptoms of bowel obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abubeker Fedlu Abdela
- Department of Radiology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Rodas Temesgen Annose
- Department of Radiology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Assefa Getachew Kebede
- Department of Radiology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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121
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Kumari S, Saeed MI, Ismail FW, Ibrahim MB. Esophageal leiomyoma within an epinephric diverticulum. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:2472-2476. [PMID: 38577127 PMCID: PMC10992280 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Epinephric diverticula are distal esophageal pouches protruding from the epithelial lining of the esophagus while esophageal leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle lesions that constitute a significant percentage of all gastrointestinal leiomyomas. Epinephric diverticula and esophageal leiomyomas are common individually but their co-existence is rare. Moreover, they present asymptomatically but can occasionally present with complains of dysphagia and weight loss. In this paper, we present a 58-year-old Asian man with three months history of indigestion and progressive weight loss. Preoperatively, CT Scan with IV Contrast showed a large soft tissue mass appearing on the right distal esophageal wall, with its lumen communicating with the esophageal lumen, likely representing an epinephric diverticulum. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry stains confirmed the diagnosis of smooth muscle neoplasm, likely a leiomyoma. Later, the patient underwent a two-stage esophagectomy. The postoperative biopsy was consistent with the initial one: therefore, supporting the diagnosis of a leiomyoma. Postoperatively, the recovery remained uneventful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameeta Kumari
- Medical Graduate, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim Saeed
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Waseem Ismail
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Di Nardo G, Bernardo L, Cremon C, Barbara G, Felici E, Evangelisti M, Ferretti A, Furio S, Piccirillo M, Coluzzi F, Parisi P, Mauro A, Di Mari C, D'Angelo F, Mennini M. Palmitoylethanolamide and polydatin in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome: A multicentric randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 2024; 122:112397. [PMID: 38479039 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of co-micronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)/polydatin (PD) in the treatment of abdominal pain symptoms in pediatric patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS This was a multicenter trial conducted at three Italian pediatric gastroenterology centers, employing a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm design. Participants were ages 10 to 17 y and met Rome IV criteria for pediatric IBS. They were randomly allocated to receive either co-micronized PEA/PD or placebo, administered three times daily in a 1:1 ratio, over a 12-wk period. The study assessed baseline severity using the IBS-Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) at enrollment and after 4, 8, and 12 wk of treatment. Abdominal pain frequency was assessed on a scale from 1 to 7 d/wk, while stool consistency was classified using the Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) to categorize various IBS subtypes. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who achieved complete remission, defined as IBS-SSS score <75 points after 12 wk of therapy. RESULTS The study involved 70 children with IBS. Of the participants, 34 received co-micronized PEA/PD, and 36 received a placebo. As compared with the placebo group, the co-micronized therapy group had significantly more patients achieving complete remission after 12 wk (P = 0.015), with particular benefit in the IBS-diarrhea subtype (P = 0.01). The treatment group also experienced a significant reduction in abdominal pain intensity and frequency compared with the placebo group. No adverse events were recorded during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Co-micronized PEA/PD is a safe and effective treatment to treat abdominal pain symptoms in pediatric IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Nardo
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bernardo
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Childhood and Developmental Medicine, Fatebenefratelli-Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Cremon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna and IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barbara
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna and IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Felici
- Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency Unit, "Umberto Bosio" Center for Digestive Diseases, The Children Hospital, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Melania Evangelisti
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferretti
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Furio
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa Piccirillo
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Coluzzi
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy; Unit of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Parisi
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mauro
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Childhood and Developmental Medicine, Fatebenefratelli-Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Di Mari
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Childhood and Developmental Medicine, Fatebenefratelli-Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Angelo
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, General Surgery Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mennini
- Sapienza University of Rome, NESMOS Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Inchingolo F, Inchingolo AM, Piras F, Ferrante L, Mancini A, Palermo A, Inchingolo AD, Dipalma G. The interaction between gut microbiome and bone health. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2024; 31:122-130. [PMID: 38587099 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review critically examines interconnected health domains like gut microbiome, bone health, interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), offering insights into fundamental mechanisms and clinical implications, contributing significantly to healthcare and biomedical research. RECENT FINDINGS This review explores the relationship between gut microbiome and bone health, a growing area of study. It provides insights into skeletal integrity and potential therapeutic avenues. The review also examines interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19, highlighting the complexity of viral susceptibility and immune responses. It highlights the importance of understanding genetic predispositions and immune dynamics in the context of disease outcomes. The review emphasizes experimental evidence and therapeutic strategies, aligning with evidence-based medicine and personalized interventions. This approach offers actionable insights for healthcare practitioners and researchers, paving the way for targeted therapeutic approaches and improved patient outcomes. SUMMARY The implications of these findings for clinical practice and research underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to healthcare that considers the complex interactions between genetics, immune responses, oral health, and systemic diseases. By leveraging advances in biomedical research, clinicians can optimize patient care and improve health outcomes across diverse patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Piras
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Ferrante
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Lee H, Yoo G, Pak D, Lee JH. Evaluation of D-dimer and prothrombin time in alcohol related liver cirrhosis with comparison of machine learning analyses. Int J Med Inform 2024; 186:105407. [PMID: 38518675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liver cirrhosis (LC) can be caused by obesity, alcohol consumption, viral infection, and autoimmune disease. Early diagnosis and management of LC is important for patient quality of life. Non-invasive diagnostic methods are useful for predicting the current status and mortality risk of LC. The purpose of this study is to identify relevant diagnostic factors measured in routine laboratory test of alcohol-related liver cirrhosis (ALC) patients. METHODS This study analyzed data from 127 patients with ALC, including their laboratory test results and clinical information, including coagulation parameters, hematologic parameters, and biochemical parameters. These data were used to compare the performance of the prediction models from three machine learning algorithms including K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF). RESULTS Higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score were associated with prothrombin time (PT) and D-dimer. Logistic and multiple linear regression analyses revealed significant factors predicting mortality in the MELD group. Machine learning approaches were used to predict death in ALC patients using some laboratory parameters associated with mortality. The prediction model based on SVM exhibited better prediction performance than others. CONCLUSION PT and D-dimer were the factors that were most strongly associated with 90-day mortality, and machine learning methods can create prediction models with good predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongyu Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gilsung Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewoo Pak
- Division of Data Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Han Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Bhat AA, Gupta G, Dahiya R, Thapa R, Gahtori A, Shahwan M, Jakhmola V, Tiwari A, Kumar M, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V. CircRNAs: Pivotal modulators of TGF-β signalling in cancer pathogenesis. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:277-287. [PMID: 38505309 PMCID: PMC10945146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate molecular landscape of cancer pathogenesis continues to captivate researchers worldwide, with Circular RNAs (circRNAs) emerging as pivotal players in the dynamic regulation of biological functions. The study investigates the elusive link between circRNAs and the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway, exploring their collective influence on cancer progression and metastasis. Our comprehensive investigation begins by profiling circRNA expression patterns in diverse cancer types, revealing a repertoire of circRNAs intricately linked to the TGF-β pathway. Through integrated bioinformatics analyses and functional experiments, we elucidate the specific circRNA-mRNA interactions that modulate TGF-β signalling, unveiling the regulatory controls governing this crucial pathway. Furthermore, we provide compelling evidence of the impact of circRNA-mediated TGF-β modulation on key cellular processes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and cell proliferation. In addition to their mechanistic roles, circRNAs have shown promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential molecular targets for cancer therapy. Their ability to modulate critical pathways, such as the TGF-β signalling axis, underscores their significance in cancer biology and clinical applications. The intricate interplay between circRNAs and TGF-β is dissected, uncovering novel regulatory circuits that contribute to the complexity of cancer biology. This review unravels a previously unexplored dimension of carcinogenesis, emphasizing the crucial role of circRNAs in shaping the TGF-β signalling landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rajiv Dahiya
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Archana Gahtori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vikas Jakhmola
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur-Rajput, Moradabad, (U.P.), 244102, India
| | - Mahish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Zhang HY, Zhu JJ, Liu ZM, Zhang YX, Chen JJ, Chen KD. A prognostic four-gene signature and a therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Construction and analysis of a circRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA network. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:272-287. [PMID: 37407412 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor long-term prognosis. The competition of circular RNAs (circRNAs) with endogenous RNA is a novel tool for predicting HCC prognosis. Based on the alterations of circRNA regulatory networks, the analysis of gene modules related to HCC is feasible. METHODS Multiple expression datasets and RNA element targeting prediction tools were used to construct a circRNA-microRNA-mRNA network in HCC. Gene function, pathway, and protein interaction analyses were performed for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this regulatory network. In the protein-protein interaction network, hub genes were identified and subjected to regression analysis, producing an optimized four-gene signature for prognostic risk stratification in HCC patients. Anti-HCC drugs were excavated by assessing the DEGs between the low- and high-risk groups. A circRNA-microRNA-hub gene subnetwork was constructed, in which three hallmark genes, KIF4A, CCNA2, and PBK, were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. RESULTS A four-gene signature (KIF4A, CCNA2, PBK, and ZWINT) that effectively estimated the overall survival and aided in prognostic risk assessment in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort was developed. CDK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, and EGFR inhibitors were predicted as four potential mechanisms of drug action (MOA) in high-risk HCC patients. Subsequent analysis has revealed that PBK, CCNA2, and KIF4A play a crucial role in regulating the tumor microenvironment by promoting immune cell invasion, regulating microsatellite instability (MSI), and exerting an impact on HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights the role of the circRNA-related regulatory network, identifies a four-gene prognostic signature and biomarkers, and further identifies novel therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zhu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zong-Ming Liu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jia-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke-Da Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
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Makanyane DM, Maikoo S, Van Heerden FR, Rhyman L, Ramasami P, Mabuza LP, Ngubane P, Khathi A, Mambanda A, Booysen IN. Bovine serum albumin uptake and polypeptide disaggregation studies of hypoglycemic ruthenium(II) uracil Schiff-base complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 255:112541. [PMID: 38554578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Our prior studies have illustrated that the uracil ruthenium(II) diimino complex, [Ru(H3ucp)Cl(PPh3)] (1) (H4ucp = 2,6-bis-((6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracilimino)methylene)pyridine) displayed high hypoglycemic effects in diet-induced diabetic rats. To rationalize the anti-diabetic effects of 1, three new derivatives have been prepared, cis-[Ru(bpy)2(urdp)]Cl2 (2) (urdp = 2,6-bis-((uracilimino)methylene)pyridine), trans-[RuCl2(PPh3)(urdp)] (3), and cis-[Ru(bpy)2(H4ucp)](PF6)2 (4). Various physicochemical techniques were utilized to characterize the structures of the novel ruthenium compounds. Prior to biomolecular interactions or in vitro studies, the stabilities of 1-4 were monitored in anhydrous DMSO, aqueous phosphate buffer containing 2% DMSO, and dichloromethane (DCM) via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Time-dependent stability studies showed ligand exchange between DMSO nucleophiles and chloride co-ligands of 1 and 3, which was suppressed in the presence of an excess amount of chloride ions. In addition, the metal complexes 1 and 3 are stable in both DCM and an aqueous phosphate buffer containing 2% DMSO. In the case of compounds 2 and 4 with no chloride co-ligands within their coordination spheres, high stability in aqueous phosphate buffer containing 2% DMSO was observed. Fluorescence emission titrations of the individual ruthenium compounds with bovine serum albumin (BSA) showed that the metal compounds interact non-discriminately within the protein's hydrophobic cavities as moderate to strong binders. The metal complexes were capable of disintegrating mature amylin amyloid fibrils. In vivo glucose metabolism studies in liver (Chang) cell lines confirmed enhanced glucose metabolism as evidenced by the increased glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis in liver cell lines in the presence of complexes 2-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Makanyane
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Sanam Maikoo
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Fanie R Van Heerden
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Lydia Rhyman
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; Centre of Natural Product, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Ponnadurai Ramasami
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; Centre of Natural Product, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Lindokuhle P Mabuza
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Phikelelani Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Allen Mambanda
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Irvin N Booysen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
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Sharafutdinov I, Harrer A, Müsken M, Rottner K, Sticht H, Täger C, Naumann M, Tegtmeyer N, Backert S. Cortactin-dependent control of Par1b-regulated epithelial cell polarity in Helicobacter infection. Cell Insight 2024; 3:100161. [PMID: 38646547 PMCID: PMC11033139 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Cell polarity is crucial for gastric mucosal barrier integrity and mainly regulated by polarity-regulating kinase partitioning-defective 1b (Par1b). During infection, the carcinogen Helicobacter pylori hijacks Par1b via the bacterial oncoprotein CagA leading to loss of cell polarity, but the precise molecular mechanism is not fully clear. Here we discovered a novel function of the actin-binding protein cortactin in regulating Par1b, which forms a complex with cortactin and the tight junction protein zona occludens-1 (ZO-1). We found that serine phosphorylation at S405/418 and the SH3 domain of cortactin are important for its interaction with both Par1b and ZO-1. Cortactin knockout cells displayed disturbed Par1b cellular localization and exhibited morphological abnormalities that largely compromised transepithelial electrical resistance, epithelial cell polarity, and apical microvilli. H. pylori infection promoted cortactin/Par1b/ZO-1 abnormal interactions in the tight junctions in a CagA-dependent manner. Infection of human gastric organoid-derived mucosoids supported these observations. We therefore hypothesize that CagA disrupts gastric epithelial cell polarity by hijacking cortactin, and thus Par1b and ZO-1, suggesting a new signaling pathway for the development of gastric cancer by Helicobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Sharafutdinov
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aileen Harrer
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mathias Müsken
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Täger
- Otto von Guericke University, Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Otto von Guericke University, Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen Backert
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Kortei NK, Gillette VS, Wiafe-Kwagyan M, Ansah LO, Kyei-Baffour V, Odamtten GT. Fungal profile, levels of aflatoxin M1, exposure, and the risk characterization of local cheese ' wagashi' consumed in the Ho Municipality, Volta Region, Ghana. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:186-199. [PMID: 38313814 PMCID: PMC10837644 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Wagashi is a West African type cottage cheese locally prepared from cow milk. Wagashi like other milk products, is prone to microbial contamination, particularly by fungi. Many of these fungal species produce mycotoxins which are of serious public health concern. This work aimed to update the mycoflora profile and determine the concentrations of aflatoxin M1 and its health risk characterization due to the consumption of wagashi. Culturing the wagashi on mycological media (Oxytetracycline Glucose Yeast Extract OGYE, Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol DRBC) caused a de-novo growth of the quiescent spores at 28-30 °C for 5-7 days. The analysis of AFM1 levels in the samples was done using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography connected to a Fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). The exposure and risk assessment to the AFMI levels were determined using deterministic models prescribed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The fungal counts ranged between 2.36-4.30 log10 CFU/g. In total, thirteen (13) fungal species from eight (8) genera were isolated from all wagashi samples. They are; Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides, Penicillium digitatum, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus terreus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus fumigatus, Yeast sp., Mucor racemosus and Fusarium oligosporum belonging to the genera Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Rhodotorula, Rhizopus, Yeast, and Mucor. The AFM1 observed in the wagashi samples' analysis was low, ranging from 0.00 (Not Detected) ± 0.00 - 0.06 ± 0.002 µg/Kg. Risk assessments of AFM1 using deterministic models produced outcomes that ranged between 5.92 × 10-3- 0.14 ng/kg bw/day, 1.42 -44.35, 0-0.0323 ng aflatoxins/kg bw/day, and 1.51 × 10-3 - 9.69 × 10-4 cases/100,000 person/yr for estimated daily intake (EDI), margin of exposure (MOE), average potency, and cancer risks, respectively, for the age categories investigated. Fungal counts were interpreted as medium to high. It was also established that the consumption of wagashi may pose adverse health effects on all age categories in the selected zones of the study since all calculated MOE values were less than 100,000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nii Korley Kortei
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Sports Nutrition, School of Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Valentina Sylvia Gillette
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Michael Wiafe-Kwagyan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 55, Legon, Ghana
| | - Leslie Owusu Ansah
- Department of Food Laboratory, Food and Drugs Authority, P.O. Box CT 2783, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana
| | - Vincent Kyei-Baffour
- Food Chemistry and Nutrition Research Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Food Research Institute, P. O. Box M20, Accra, Ghana
| | - George Tawia Odamtten
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 55, Legon, Ghana
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Hellenbrand DJ, Quinn CM, Piper ZJ, Elder RT, Mishra RR, Marti TL, Omuro PM, Roddick RM, Lee JS, Murphy WL, Hanna AS. The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1308-1317. [PMID: 37905880 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202406000-00035/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T152229Z/r/image-tiff
After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord injury. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury, there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. The objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a mild injury, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclusion, pro-inflammatory cytokines initiate the inflammatory process and return to baseline within hours post-injury, chemokines continue to recruit immune cells for days post-injury, while anti-inflammatory cytokines are downregulated by a week post-injury, and sexual dimorphisms observed after mild injury subsided with more severe injuries. Results from this work define critical chemokines that influence immune cell infiltration and important cytokines involved in glial scar development after spinal cord injury, which are essential for researchers developing treatments targeting secondary damage after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hellenbrand
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles M Quinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zachariah J Piper
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan T Elder
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raveena R Mishra
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Taylor L Marti
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Phoebe M Omuro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rylie M Roddick
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Forward BIO Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amgad S Hanna
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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131
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Peng G, Cao X, Huang X, Zhou X. Radiomics and machine learning based on preoperative MRI for predicting extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization. Eur J Radiol Open 2024; 12:100551. [PMID: 38347937 PMCID: PMC10859286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop and validate a radiomics machine learning (Rad-ML) model based on preoperative MRI to predict extrahepatic metastasis (EHM) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. Methods A total of 355 HCC patients who received multiple TACE procedures were split at random into a training set and a test set at a 7:3 ratio. Radiomic features were calculated from tumor and peritumor in arterial phase and portal venous phase, and were identified using intraclass correlation coefficient, maximal relevance and minimum redundancy, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator techniques. Cox regression analysis was employed to determine the clinical model. The best-performing algorithm among eight machine learning methods was used to construct the Rad-ML model. A nomogram combining clinical and Rad-ML parameters was used to develop a combined model. Model performance was evaluated using C-index, decision curve analysis, calibration plot, and survival analysis. Results In clinical model, elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and alpha-fetoprotein were associated with faster EHM. The XGBoost-based Rad-ML model demonstrated the best predictive performance for EHM. When compared to the clinical model, both the Rad-ML model and the combination model performed better (C-indexes of 0.61, 0.85, and 0.86 in the training set, and 0.62, 0.82, and 0.83 in the test set, respectively). However, the combined model's and the Rad-ML model's prediction performance did not differ significantly. The most influential feature was peritumoral waveletHLL_firstorder_Minimum in AP, which exhibited an inverse relationship with EHM risk. Conclusions Our study suggests that the preoperative MRI-based Rad-ML model is a valuable tool to predict EHM in HCC patients treated with TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Peng
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Cao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zha A, Li W, Wang J, Bai P, Qi M, Liao P, Tan B, Yin Y. Trimethylamine oxide supplementation differentially regulates fat deposition in liver, longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissue of growing-finishing pigs. Anim Nutr 2024; 17:25-35. [PMID: 38464952 PMCID: PMC10920132 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is a microbiota-derived metabolite, and numerous studies have shown that it could regulate fat metabolism in humans and mice. However, few studies have focused on the effects of TMAO on fat deposition in growing-finishing pigs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TMAO on fat deposition and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs. Sixteen growing pigs were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed with a basal diet with 0 or 1 g/kg TMAO for 149 d. The intestinal microbial profiles, fat deposition indexes, and fatty acid profiles were measured. These results showed that TMAO supplementation had a tendency to decrease lean body mass (P < 0.1) and significantly increased backfat thickness (P < 0.05), but it did not affect growth performance. TMAO significantly increased total protein (TP) concentration, and reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentration in serum (P < 0.05). TMAO increased the α diversity of the ileal microbiota community (P < 0.05), and it did not affect the colonic microbial community. TMAO supplementation significantly increased acetate content in the ileum, and Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella were significantly enriched in the TMAO group (P < 0.05). In addition, TMAO decreased fat content, as well as the ratio of linoleic acid, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and PUFA in the liver (P < 0.05). On the contrary, TMAO increased intramuscular fat content of the longissimus dorsi muscle, whereas the C18:2n6c ratio was increased, and the n-6 PUFA:PUFA ratio was decreased (P < 0.05). In vitro, 1 mM TMAO treatment significantly upregulated the expression of FASN and SREBP1 in C2C12 cells (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, TMAO also increased adipocyte area and decreased the CPT-1B expression in subcutaneous fat (P < 0.05). Taken together, TMAO supplementation regulated ileal microbial composition and acetate production, and regulated fat distribution and fatty acid composition in growing-finishing pigs. These results provide new insights for understanding the role of TMAO in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Zha
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Wanquan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ping Bai
- Yunnan Southwest Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Group Co., Ltd, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
- Yunnan Southwest Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Group Co., Ltd, Kunming 650224, China
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Feng Y, Chang P, Liu J, Zhang WS. Effects and mechanisms of perioperative medications on the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal response to surgical injury: A narrative review. J Clin Anesth 2024; 94:111367. [PMID: 38232466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The adrenal gland is a vital endocrine organ, and adrenal steroid synthesis and secretion are closely regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to various stimuli. Surgery or trauma can activate the HPA axis and induce the secretion of cortisol. Different cortisol responses vary with the grade of surgery. Perioperative medications have the potential to decrease the cortisol level in the body, and both excessive and insufficient cortisol levels after surgery are disadvantageous. The effect of perioperative medications on the HPA response to surgery can be divided into three levels: "adrenal insufficiency (AI)", "stress response inhibition", and "uncertainty". The clinical presentation of AI includes fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, muscle cramps, hypotension, hypovolemic shock and prerenal failure, which may result in fatal consequences. Stress response inhibition can reduce postoperative complications, such as pain and cognitive dysfunction. This is protective to patients during perioperative and postoperative periods. The aim of the present review is to shed light on current evidence regarding the exact effects and mechanisms of perioperative medications on the HPA response to surgical injury and provide the applicable guidance on clinical anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China; Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Pan Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China; Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China; Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China; Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China.
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Piras IS, DiStefano JK. Comprehensive meta-analysis reveals distinct gene expression signatures of MASLD progression. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302517. [PMID: 38565287 PMCID: PMC10987979 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its progressive form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), pose significant risks of severe fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite their widespread prevalence, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of these common chronic hepatic conditions are not fully understood. Here, we conducted the most extensive meta-analysis of hepatic gene expression datasets from liver biopsy samples to date, integrating 10 RNA-sequencing and microarray datasets (1,058 samples). Using a random-effects meta-analysis model, we compared over 12,000 shared genes across datasets. We identified 685 genes differentially expressed in MASLD versus normal liver, 1,870 in MASH versus normal liver, and 3,284 in MASLD versus MASH. Integrating these results with genome-wide association studies and coexpression networks, we identified two functionally relevant, validated coexpression modules mainly driven by SMOC2, ITGBL1, LOXL1, MGP, SOD3, and TAT, HGD, SLC25A15, respectively, the latter not previously associated with MASLD and MASH. Our findings provide a comprehensive and robust analysis of hepatic gene expression alterations associated with MASLD and MASH and identify novel key drivers of MASLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio S Piras
- https://ror.org/02hfpnk21 Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Johanna K DiStefano
- https://ror.org/02hfpnk21 Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Research Unit, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Chekmaryova I, Kalinin D, Kostin A, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M, Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Atiakshin D. Ultrastructural features of tumor-associated mast cells in parasympathetic paragangliomas (chemodectomas) of the neck. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1373-1383. [PMID: 38380731 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the pathogenesis of neck paraganglioma (PGL) and the possible role of mast cells (MCs) in its development and metastasis are still poorly understood. We analyzed MCs' morphologic characterization, activation, and the properties of their cytoplasmic/released granules in PGLs, using light and transmission electron microscopy. Paragangliomas showed a large tumor-associated MC population both in the connective tissue layers of the tumor and between the tumor cells. Notably, MCs were presented by a high expression of specific proteases, size variation, polymorphism, and variable ultrastructural phenotype of granules. A massive number of granules were released surrounding the degranulated MCs while the integrity of MC membrane was maintained. Granules were electron-dense with or without a membrane, ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 μm in diameter. MC plasmalemma was not found at the site of MC-collagen fibrils contact, whereas the secretome and fibrils were directly contacted. We observed direct and mediator-based interactions between MCs and paraganglioma cells. The latter preserved their membrane integrity when MC granules were not in proximity. The effects of the MC secretome on the paraganglioma microenvironment demonstrated its pathogenetic role in tumor progression and allow its application to new diagnostic criteria and the development of protocols for personalized therapy. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Ultrastructural analysis reveals novel regulatory effects of mast cells via diverse secretory pathways on the pathogenesis of parasympathetic paraganglioma, including fibrous extracellular matrix remodeling and mediator-based interactions between MCs and cells of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Chekmaryova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kalinin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kostin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Hematopathology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmitrii Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russia
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Varra FN, Varras M, Varra VK, Theodosis-Nobelos P. Molecular and pathophysiological relationship between obesity and chronic inflammation in the manifestation of metabolic dysfunctions and their inflammation‑mediating treatment options (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:95. [PMID: 38606791 PMCID: PMC11025031 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity reaches up to epidemic proportions globally and increases the risk for a wide spectrum of co‑morbidities, including type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney diseases, respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, musculoskeletal disorders and osteoarthritis, subfertility, psychosocial problems and certain types of cancers. The underlying inflammatory mechanisms interconnecting obesity with metabolic dysfunction are not completely understood. Increased adiposity promotes pro‑inflammatory polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, in adipose tissue (AT), with subsequent increased production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, inducing therefore an overall, systemic, low‑grade inflammation, which contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR) and T2DM. Targeting inflammatory mediators could be alternative therapies to treat obesity, but their safety and efficacy remains to be studied further and confirmed in future clinical trials. The present review highlights the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms by which the chronic low‑grade inflammation in AT and the production of reactive oxygen species lead to MetS, IR and T2DM. In addition, focus is given on the role of anti‑inflammatory agents, in the resolution of chronic inflammation, through the blockade of chemotactic factors, such as monocytes chemotractant protein‑1, and/or the blockade of pro‑inflammatory mediators, such as IL‑1β, TNF‑α, visfatin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‑1, and/or the increased synthesis of adipokines, such as adiponectin and apelin, in obesity‑associated metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani-Niki Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
- Medical School, Dimocritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - Michail Varras
- Fourth Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Elena Venizelou’ General Hospital, Athens 11521, Greece
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Khatib H, Edwin SB, Paxton R, Hughes C, Hartner C, Al-Samman S, Giuliano C. Enteral Sedation in Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation During an Intravenous Analgesic and Sedative Shortage. J Pharm Pract 2024; 37:696-702. [PMID: 37173117 DOI: 10.1177/08971900231175934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: There is a paucity of data evaluating the use of enteral sedation in mechanical ventilation. A sedative shortage resulted in the use of this approach. Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of using enteral sedatives to decrease intravenous (IV) analgesia and sedative requirements. Materials/Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study compared two groups of patients admitted to the ICU who were mechanically ventilated. One group received a combination of enteral and IV sedatives and the second group received IV monotherapy. Linear mixed model (LMM) analyses were performed to assess the impact of enteral sedatives on IV fentanyl equivalents, IV midazolam equivalents, and propofol. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed on percent of days at goal for Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS) and critical care pain observation tool (CPOT) scores. Results: One hundred and four patients were included. The average cohort age was 62 years and 58.7% were male. The median length of mechanical ventilation was 7.1 days and the median length of stay was 11.9 days. The LMM estimated that enteral sedatives reduced IV fentanyl equivalents received per patient by an average of 305.6 mcg/day (P = .04), although did not significantly decrease midazolam equivalents or propofol. There was no statistically significant difference in CPOT scores (P = .57 and P = .46 respectively), however RASS scores in the enteral sedation group were more often at goal (P = .03); oversedation occurred more in the non-enteral sedation group (P = .018). Conclusion: Enteral sedation may be a possible way to decrease IV analgesia requirements during periods of shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Khatib
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie B Edwin
- Department of Pharmacy, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Renee Paxton
- Department of Pharmacy, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Hughes
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Carrie Hartner
- Department of Pharmacy, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Samer Al-Samman
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Giuliano
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Zhou S, Wan S, Li L, Dong W, Ma X, Chu H, Zhong Y. Rare retroperitoneal giant sacral schwannoma: A case report. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:261. [PMID: 38646494 PMCID: PMC11027106 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas localized in the sacrum are relatively infrequent, accounting for 1-5% of all spinal axis schwannomas; they present with vague symptoms or are symptomless, so often grow to a considerable size before detection. Sacral schwannomas occasionally present with enormous dimensions, and these tumors are termed giant sacral schwannomas. However, their surgical removal is challenging owing to an abundant vascularity. The present study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of a patient with a giant sacral schwannoma. The patient experienced numbness in the left buttock and lower extremity, with radiating pain in the sole of the foot that had persisted for 3 years. A presacral mass was found by computed tomography examination 6 months after the stool had become thin. A tumor resection was performed using the anterior abdominal approach. A schwannoma was diagnosed by postoperative pathology. The postoperative course was uneventful, with the complete resolution of symptoms during the 21-month clinical follow-up. Overall, the present study reports the case of a giant sacral schwannoma with pelvic pain that was resected without complications and also discusses its successful management. Additionally, the study presents a systematic review of the literature. We consider that the surgical treatment of giant sacral schwannomas with piecemeal subtotal excision can achieve good outcomes, avoiding unnecessary neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunchang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Shenyi Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Radiology, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Chu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
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139
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Vršanská M, Veselá L, Baláková I, Kovaříková E, Jansová E, Knoll A, Voběrková S, Kubíčková L, Vaverková MD. A comprehensive study of food waste management and processing in the Czech Republic: Potential health risks and consumer behavior. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172214. [PMID: 38580122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Food waste is currently a widely discussed phenomenon with significant economic and social consequences. One third of the food produced in the world is wasted at various points along the food supply chain. This article presents a comprehensive study that examines consumer behavior in dealing with food waste and activities in the composting process that enable waste sanitation. The survey conducted as part of this study showed that consumers want to eliminate odors, are concerned about potential infections, and generally sort less food waste. This study suggested that the addition of appropriate additives could be a solution. The results indicated that additives could eliminate negative side effects such as unpleasant odors, the presence of insects and rodents, and act as a prevention of the occurrence of pathogenic organisms. Tea tree oil showed the best positive physical and chemical properties among the additives tested (CaCO3 and citric acid) with a significant effect on inhibiting the growth of bacterial strains such as Salmonella strains and had the strongest antibacterial effect, neutralized unpleasant odors, and stabilized the waste. The use of additives could be a future solution to meet consumer demands, improve the quality of food waste and advance the circular economy to improve the sustainability of agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vršanská
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Veselá
- Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Baláková
- Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ester Kovaříková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Jansová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Knoll
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Voběrková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lea Kubíčková
- Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
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140
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Dalli J, Nguyen C, Jindal A, Epperlein J, Hardy N, Pulitano C, Warrier S, Cahill R. A feasibility study assessing quantitative indocyanine green angiographic predictors of reconstructive complications following nipple-sparing mastectomy. JPRAS Open 2024; 40:32-47. [PMID: 38425697 PMCID: PMC10904167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immediate post-mastectomy breast reconstruction offers benefits; however, complications can compromise outcomes. Intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) may mitigate perfusion-related complications (PRC); however, its interpretation remains subjective. Here, we examine and develop methods for ICGFA quantification, including machine learning (ML) algorithms for predicting complications. Methods ICGFA video recordings of flap perfusion from a previous study of patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with either immediate or staged immediate (delayed by a week due to perfusion insufficiency) reconstructions were analysed. Fluorescence intensity time series data were extracted, and perfusion parameters were interrogated for overall/regional associations with postoperative PRC. A naïve Bayes ML model was subsequently trained on a balanced data subset to predict PRC from the extracted meta-data. Results The analysable video dataset of 157 ICGFA featured females (average age 48 years) having oncological/risk-reducing NSM with either immediate (n=90) or staged immediate (n=26) reconstruction. For those delayed, peak brightness at initial ICGFA was lower (p<0.001) and significantly improved (both quicker-onset and brighter p=0.001) one week later. The overall PRC rate in reconstructed patients (n=116) was 11.2%, with such patients demonstrating significantly dimmer (overall, p=0.018, centrally, p=0.03, and medially, p=0.04) and slower-onset (p=0.039) fluorescent peaks with shallower slopes (p=0.012) than uncomplicated patients with ICGFA. Importantly, such relevant parameters were converted into a whole field of view heatmap potentially suitable for intraoperative display. ML predicted PRC with 84.6% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. Conclusion Whole breast quantitative ICGFA assessment reveals statistical associations with PRC that are potentially exploitable via ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Dalli
- UCD Centre for Precision Surgery, School of Medicine, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C.L. Nguyen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - A. Jindal
- UCD Centre for Precision Surgery, School of Medicine, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - N.P. Hardy
- UCD Centre for Precision Surgery, School of Medicine, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C. Pulitano
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - S. Warrier
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - R.A. Cahill
- UCD Centre for Precision Surgery, School of Medicine, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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141
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Liu K, Sun H, Wang X, Wen X, Yang J, Zhang X, Chen C, Zeng M. Feasibility of the application of deep learning-reconstructed ultra-fast respiratory-triggered T2-weighted imaging at 3 T in liver imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 109:27-33. [PMID: 38438094 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The evaluate the feasibility of a novel deep learning-reconstructed ultra-fast respiratory-triggered T2WI sequence (DL-RT-T2WI) In liver imaging, compared with respiratory-triggered Arms-T2WI (Arms-RT-T2WI) and respiratory-triggered FSE-T2WI (FSE-RT-T2WI) sequences. METHODS 71 patients with liver lesions underwent 3-T MRI and were prospectively enrolled. Two readers independently analyzed images acquired with DL-RT-T2WI, Arms-RT-T2WI, and FSE-RT-T2WI. The qualitative evaluation indicators, including overall image quality (OIQ), sharpness, noise, artifacts, lesion detectability (LC), lesion characterization (LD), cardiacmotion-related signal loss (CSL), and diagnostic confidence (DC), were evaluated in two readers, and further statistically compared using paired Wilcoxon rank-sum test among three sequences. RESULTS 176 lesions were detected in DL-RT-T2W and Arms-RT-T2WI, and 175 were detected in FSE-RT-T2WI. The acquisition time of DL-RT-T2WI was improved by 4.8-7.9 folds compared to the other two sequences. The OIQ was scored highest for DL-RT-T2WI (R1, 4.61 ± 0.52 and R2, 4.62 ± 0.49), was significantly superior to Arms-RT-T2WI (R1, 4.30 ± 0.66 and R2, 4.34 ± 0.69) and FSE-RT-T2WI (R1, 3.65 ± 1.08 and R2, 3.75 ± 1.01). Artifacts and sharpness scored highest for DL-RT-T2WI, followed by Arms-RT-T2WI, and were lowest for FSE-RT-T2WI in both two readers. Noise and CSL for DL-RT-T2WI scored similar to Arms-RT-T2WI (P > 0.05) and were significantly superior to FSE-RT-T2WI (P < 0.001). Both LD and LC for DL-RT-T2WI were significantly superior to Arms-RT-T2WI and FSE-RT-T2WI in two readers (P < 0.001). DC for DL-RT-T2WI scored best, significantly superior to Arms-RT-T2WI (P < 0.010) and FSE-RT-T2WI (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The novel ultra-fast DL-RT-T2WI is feasible for liver imaging and lesion characterization and diagnosis, not only offers a significant improvement in acquisition time but also outperforms Arms-RT-T2WI and FSE-RT-T2WI concerning image quality and DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xixi Wen
- Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201807, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201807, China
| | - Xingjian Zhang
- Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201807, China
| | - Caizhong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Abdel Haleem MI, Khater HF, Edris SN, Taie HAA, Abdel Gawad SM, Hassan NA, El-Far AH, Magdy Y, Elbasuni SS. Bioefficacy of dietary inclusion of Nannochloropsis oculata on Eimeria spp. challenged chicks: clinical approaches, meat quality, and molecular docking. Avian Pathol 2024; 53:199-217. [PMID: 38285881 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2312133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Although anticoccidial drugs have been used to treat avian coccidiosis for nearly a century, resistance, bird harm, and food residues have caused health concerns. Thus, Nannochloropsis oculata was investigated as a possible coccidiosis treatment for broilers. A total of 150 1-day-old male Cobb broiler chicks were treated as follows: G1-Ng: fed a basal diet; G2-Ps: challenged with Eimeria spp. oocysts and fed basal diet; G3-Clo: challenged and fed basal diet with clopidol; G4-NOa: challenged and fed 0.1% N. oculata in diet, and G5-NOb: challenged and fed 0.2% N. oculata. Compared to G2-Ps, N. oculata in the diet significantly (P < 0.05) decreased dropping scores, lesion scores, and oocyst shedding. Without affecting breast meat colour metrics, N. oculata improved meat quality characters. At 28 days of age, birds received 0.2% N. oculata had significantly (P < 0.05) higher serum levels of MDA, T-SOD, HDL, and LDL cholesterol compared to G2-Ps. Serum AST, ALT, and urea levels were all decreased when N. oculata (0.2%) was used as opposed to G2-Ps. Histopathological alterations and the number of developmental and degenerative stages of Eimeria spp. in the intestinal epithelium were dramatically reduced by 0.2% N. oculata compared to G2-Ps. Molecular docking revealed a higher binding affinity of N. oculata for E. tenella aldolase, EtAMA1, and EtMIC3, which hindered glucose metabolism, host cell adhesion, and invasion of Eimeria. Finally, N. oculata (0.2%) can be used in broiler diets to mitigate the deleterious effects of coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I Abdel Haleem
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hanem F Khater
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Shimaa N Edris
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hanan A A Taie
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Samah M Abdel Gawad
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Nibal A Hassan
- Department of Biology, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Pathology Department, Giza, Egypt
- College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Magdy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Sawsan S Elbasuni
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Garancini M, Fogliati A, Scotti MA, Ciulli C, Carissimi F, Rovere A, Gianotti L, Romano F. Non-anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: the SegSubTe classification to overcome the problem of heterogeneity. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:265-271. [PMID: 36775688 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The superiority of anatomical resection (AR) vs. non-anatomical resection (NAR) in the surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is debated. ARs are well-defined procedures, whereas the lack of NAR standardization results in heterogeneous outcomes. This study aimed to introduce the SegSubTe classification for NAR detailing the appropriateness of the level of surgical section of the Glissonean pedicles feeding the tumor. METHODS A single-center retrospective analysis of pre- and postoperative imaging of consecutive patients treated with NAR for single HCC between 2012 and 2020 was conducted. The quality of surgery was assessed classifying the type of vascular supply and the level of surgical section (segmental, subsegmental or terminal next to the tumor) of vascular pedicles feeding the HCCs; then, the population was divided in "SegSubTe-IN" or "SegSubTe-OUT" groups, and the tumor recurrence and survival were analyzed. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients who underwent NAR were included; 76% were SegSubTe-IN and 24% were SegSubTe-OUT. Total disease recurrence, local recurrence and cut-edge recurrence in the SegSubTe-IN vs. SegSubTe-OUT groups were 50% vs. 83% (P = 0.006), 20% vs. 52% (P = 0.003) and 16% vs. 39% (P = 0.020), respectively. SegSubTe-OUT odds ratio for local recurrence was 4.1 at univariate regression analysis. One-, three-, and five-year disease-free survival rates in the SegSubTe-IN vs. SegSubTe-OUT groups were 81%, 58% and 35% vs. 46%, 21% and 11%, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The SegSubTe classification is a useful tool to stratify and standardize NAR for HCC, aiming at improving long-term oncological outcomes and reducing the heterogeneity of quality of NAR for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Garancini
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Fogliati
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
| | - Mauro Alessandro Scotti
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
| | - Cristina Ciulli
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
| | - Francesca Carissimi
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
| | - Antonio Rovere
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Milano-Bicocca University, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
| | - Luca Gianotti
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Pergolesi 33, Monza, MB 20052, Italy
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Wu J, Cai SY, Chen XL, Chen ZT, Shi SH. Mirizzi syndrome: Problems and strategies. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:234-240. [PMID: 38326157 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Mirizzi syndrome is a serious complication of gallstone disease. It is caused by the impacted stones in the gallbladder neck or cystic duct. One of the features of Mirizzi syndrome is severe inflammation or dense fibrosis at the Calot's triangle. In our clinical practice, bile duct, branches of right hepatic artery and right portal vein clinging to gallbladder infundibulum are often observed due to gallbladder infundibulum adhered to right hepatic hilum. The intraoperative damage of branches of right hepatic artery occurs more easily than that of bile duct, all of which are hidden pitfalls for surgeons. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are the preferable tools for the diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome. Anterograde cholecystectomy in Mirizzi syndrome is easy to damage branches of right hepatic artery and bile duct due to gallbladder infundibulum adhered to right hepatic hilum. Subtotal cholecystectomy is an easy, safe and definitive approach to Mirizzi syndrome. When combined with the application of ERCP, a laparoscopic management of Mirizzi syndrome by well-trained surgeons is feasible and safe. The objective of this review was to highlight its existing problems: (1) low preoperative diagnostic rate, (2) easy to damage bile duct and branches of right hepatic artery, and (3) high concomitant gallbladder carcinoma. Meanwhile, the review aimed to discuss the possible therapeutic strategies: (1) to enhance its preoperative recognition by imaging findings, and (2) to avoid potential pitfalls during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing 400050, China
| | - Shuang-Yong Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing 400050, China
| | - Xu-Liang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhi-Tao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shao-Hua Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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145
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Pason P, Tachaapaikoon C, Suyama W, Waeonukul R, Shao R, Wongwattanakul M, Limpaiboon T, Chonanant C, Ngernyuang N. Anticancer and anti-angiogenic activities of mannooligosaccharides extracted from coconut meal on colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:82-90. [PMID: 38259721 PMCID: PMC10801218 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, though there are no effective therapeutic regimens at present. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of mannooligosaccharides extracted from coconut meal (CMOSs) on the proliferation and migration of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells in vitro. The results showed that CMOSs exhibited significant inhibitory activity against HCT116 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner with less cytotoxic effects on the Vero normal cells. CMOSs displayed the ability to increase the activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3/7, as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, CMOSs suppressed HCT116 cell migration in vitro. Interestingly, treatment of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) with CMOSs resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation, cell migration, and capillary-like tube formation, suggesting its anti-vascular angiogenesis. In summary, the results of this study indicate that CMOSs could be a valuable therapeutic candidate for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patthra Pason
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Waralee Suyama
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Waeonukul
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Rong Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gallbladder Cancer-Related Gastroenterological Diseases, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200089, China
| | - Molin Wongwattanakul
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chirapond Chonanant
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Nipaporn Ngernyuang
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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146
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Ma S, Liao W, Chen Y, Gan L. Prognostic value and potential function of a novel heme-related LncRNAs signature in gastric cancer. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111152. [PMID: 38548123 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Heme is a coordination complex formed by the binding of iron ions and porphyrin rings. Its metabolic processes are associated with various cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified as key regulatory factors in GC. However, the role of LncRNAs associated with heme metabolism in GC and their relationship with prognosis have not been reported. In this study, we constructed a novel LncRNAs signature related to heme metabolism (HMlncSig) and validated its prognostic value for predicting the survival of GC patients through training, test, and entire cohorts. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the high-risk group had shorter survival times. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that HMlncSig was an independent prognostic indicator for GC patients, regardless of other clinical pathological features. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis pathways showed that the activation of these markers may be involved in tumor progression, influencing the survival of GC patients. The nomogram, based on HMlncSig score and clinical features, demonstrated the strong predictive ability of this signature. Additionally, significant differences were observed between the high-risk and low-risk groups in terms of immune cell subtypes, expression of immune checkpoint genes, and response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Through clinical validation, we found that the risk score and heme levels of GC patients were both significantly elevated and correlated with the degree of malignancy. Furthermore, we found that AP000692.1, a key gene in this signature, promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. In conclusion, our HMlncSig model has significant predictive value for the prognosis of GC patients and can provide clinical guidance for personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ma
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, 408000 Chongqing, China
| | - Yinhao Chen
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, 408000 Chongqing, China.
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147
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Huang Q, Liu JW, Dong HB, Wei ZJ, Liu JZ, Ren YT, Jiang X, Jiang B. Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:300-309. [PMID: 38057185 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) prognosis, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. It has been reported that pyroptosis worsens SAP. The present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT, a component of VAT) can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic pathway. METHODS Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into six different groups. Twelve rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control groups. We monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP rats. Twelve SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes, and then with MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor) or PBS. We collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas, gut and MAT for analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control rats, the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT, including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), lower expression of IL-10, and histological changes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and macrophages. The SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury, characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase, and pathological changes. The expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD, which are responsible for pyroptosis, was increased in the intestine of SAP rats. The injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in MAT. The upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine, which contributed to the SAP progression, including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological changes. The administration of MCC950 to SAP + MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis, which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of SAP. CONCLUSIONS In SAP, MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local inflammation, and promoted the injury to the intestine through the enteric pyroptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jia-Wen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Hai-Bin Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Zheng-Jie Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jin-Zhe Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yu-Tang Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
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148
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Dong V, Robinson AM, Dionne JC, Cardoso FS, Rewa OG, Karvellas CJ. Continuous renal replacement therapy and survival in acute liver failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crit Care 2024; 81:154513. [PMID: 38194760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare syndrome leading to significant morbidity and mortality. An important cause of mortality is cerebral edema due to hyperammonemia. Different therapies for hyperammonemia have been assessed including continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of CRRT in ALF patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria included adult patients admitted to an ICU with ALF. Intervention was the use of CRRT for one or more indications with the comparator being standard care without the use of CRRT. Outcomes of interest were overall survival, transplant-free survival (TFS), mortality and changes in serum ammonia levels. RESULTS In total, 305 patients underwent CRRT while 1137 patients did not receive CRRT. CRRT was associated with improved overall survival [risk ratio (RR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.99, p-value 0.04, I2 = 50%] and improved TFS (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.85, p-value 0.002, I2 = 25%). There was a trend towards higher mortality with no CRRT (RR 1.24, 95% CI 0.84-1.81, p-value 0.28, I2 = 37%). Ammonia clearance data was unable to be pooled and was not analyzable. CONCLUSION Use of CRRT in ALF patients is associated with improved overall and transplant-free survival compared to no CRRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 2T9, Canada.
| | - Andrea M Robinson
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, 2-124 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
| | - Joanna C Dionne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| | - Filipe S Cardoso
- Intensive Care Unit and Transplant Unit, Nova University, R. da Beneficência 8, Lisbon 1050-099, Portugal.
| | - Oleksa G Rewa
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, 2-124 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
| | - Constantine J Karvellas
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, 2-124 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, 8540 112 St NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P8, Canada.
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149
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Seyyedsalehi MS, Boffetta P. Occupational asbestos exposure and risk of esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1920-1929. [PMID: 38339891 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC), which includes squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC), is an important cancer with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Several occupational exposures have been associated with EC. We aim to investigate the association between occupational asbestos exposure and EC risk, considering types of asbestos and histology of the disease. We included studies mentioned in the list of references in previous reviews and pooled analyses, and we conducted an independent search in PubMed and Scopus. Forest plots of relative risks (RR) were constructed based on the association between occupational asbestos and EC risk. Random-effects models were used to address heterogeneity between 48 independent cohort and case-control studies. We found an association between occupational asbestos exposure and EC (meta-relative risk [RR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-1.32; I2 = 58.8%, p-heterogeneity [het] <.001). The results of stratification by job (p-het = .20) indicate an increased RR among asbestos product workers (RR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.07-1.81), asbestos applicators (RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.20-1.67), and construction workers (RR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02-1.24). There was no heterogeneity in meta-RR according to outcome (p = .29), geographic region (p = .69), year of publication (p = .59), quality score (p = .73), asbestos type (p = .93), study design (p = .87), and gender (p = .88), control for potential confounders (p = .20), year of first employment (p = .94) and exposure level (p = .43). The stratification analysis by histology type found an increased RR for both ESCC 1.33(1.03-1.71) and EAC 1.45(1.03-2.04) (p-het = .68). We didn't find evidence of publication bias (p = .07). The results of our study suggest that occupational asbestos exposure is associated with an increased risk of EC in both histology types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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150
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Lin Z, Wei Y, Yang H. Mg alloys with antitumor and anticorrosion properties for orthopedic oncology: A review from mechanisms to application strategies. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:021504. [PMID: 38638143 PMCID: PMC11026114 DOI: 10.1063/5.0191800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As a primary malignant bone cancer, osteosarcoma (OS) poses a great threat to human health and is still a huge challenge for clinicians. At present, surgical resection is the main treatment strategy for OS. However, surgical intervention will result in a large bone defect, and some tumor cells remaining around the excised bone tissue often lead to the recurrence and metastasis of OS. Biomedical Mg-based materials have been widely employed as orthopedic implants in bone defect reconstruction, and, especially, they can eradicate the residual OS cells due to the antitumor activities of their degradation products. Nevertheless, the fast corrosion rate of Mg alloys has greatly limited their application scope in the biomedical field, and the improvement of the corrosion resistance will impair the antitumor effects, which mainly arise from their rapid corrosion. Hence, it is vital to balance the corrosion resistance and the antitumor activities of Mg alloys. The presented review systematically discussed the potential antitumor mechanisms of three corrosion products of Mg alloys. Moreover, several strategies to simultaneously enhance the anticorrosion properties and antitumor effects of Mg alloys were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Lin
- Medical Engineering Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhe Wei
- Department of Medical Equipment, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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