16001
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Li M, Wang F, Du J, Wang L, Zhang J, Ding X. Ablation of DJ-1 Enhances Oxidative Stress by Disturbing the Function of Mitochondria in Epidermal Melanocytes. Indian J Dermatol 2020; 65:85-91. [PMID: 32180592 PMCID: PMC7059463 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_593_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The function of DJ-1 in oxidative damage of melanocytes is still elusive. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the role of DJ-1 in oxidative damage of melanocytes. Material and Methods The expression of DJ-1 in melanocytes was studied by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Short-interfering RNAs (siRNA) were employed to downregulate DJ-1. The cells were pooled into three groups: mock group (cells with transfection reagent), negative control (NC) group (negative siRNA control), and siRNA group. After H2O2 treatment for 24 h, the morphological changes, cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial respiration were measured in different groups. Results DJ-1 was highly expressed in PIG1 melanocytes. DJ-1 knockdown rendered PIG1 melanocytes more susceptible to oxidative stress. Loss of DJ-1 led to apoptosis of PIG1 cells by impairing the function of mitochondria, including morphological abnormalities, ROS accumulation, depolarization of MMP, less adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production, and less proton leak. Conclusions DJ-1 plays a role in maintaining the antioxidative capacity in epidermal melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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16002
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Lewy TG, Offerdahl DK, Grabowski JM, Kellman E, Mlera L, Chiramel A, Bloom ME. PERK-Mediated Unfolded Protein Response Signaling Restricts Replication of the Tick-Borne Flavivirus Langat Virus. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030328. [PMID: 32197325 PMCID: PMC7150897 DOI: 10.3390/v12030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) maintains protein-folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and has been implicated as both beneficial and detrimental to flavivirus infection. Protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), a sensor of the UPR, is commonly associated with antiviral effects during mosquito-borne flavivirus (MBFV) infection, but its relation to tick-borne flavivirus (TBFV) infection remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identified changes in UPR and autophagic activity during Langat virus (LGTV) infection. LGTV robustly activated UPR and altered autophagic flux. Knockdown of endogenous PERK in human cells resulted in increased LGTV replication, but not that of closely related Powassan virus (POWV). Finally, on examining changes in protein levels of components associated with UPR and autophagy in the absence of PERK, we could show that LGTV-infected cells induced UPR but did not lead to expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), an important downstream transcription factor of multiple stress pathways. From these data, we hypothesize that LGTV can antagonize other kinases that target eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), but not PERK, implicating PERK as a potential mediator of intrinsic immunity. This effect was not apparent for POWV, a more pathogenic TBFV, suggesting it may be better equipped to mitigate the antiviral effects of PERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler G. Lewy
- Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA; (T.G.L.); (D.K.O.); (E.K.); (L.M.)
| | - Danielle K. Offerdahl
- Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA; (T.G.L.); (D.K.O.); (E.K.); (L.M.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Grabowski
- Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA; (T.G.L.); (D.K.O.); (E.K.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.G.); (M.E.B.); Tel.: +1-406-375-9789 (J.M.G.); +1-406-375-9707 (M.E.B.)
| | - Eliza Kellman
- Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA; (T.G.L.); (D.K.O.); (E.K.); (L.M.)
| | - Luwanika Mlera
- Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA; (T.G.L.); (D.K.O.); (E.K.); (L.M.)
| | - Abhilash Chiramel
- Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA;
| | - Marshall E. Bloom
- Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, 903 S. 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA; (T.G.L.); (D.K.O.); (E.K.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.G.); (M.E.B.); Tel.: +1-406-375-9789 (J.M.G.); +1-406-375-9707 (M.E.B.)
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16003
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Leung AKC, Leong KF, Barankin B, Lam JM. Laugier–Hunziker Syndrome in an 8-Year-Old Boy with Scleral Melanocytosis, Lingual Pigmentation, Labial Pigmentation, and Melanonychia Striata. Case Rep Pediatr 2020; 2020:1-4. [PMID: 32257493 PMCID: PMC7103058 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8267805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Laugier–Hunziker syndrome is a rare, acquired disorder characterized by mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation and melanonychia striata with no underlying systemic abnormalities. We report an 8-year-old boy with Laugier–Hunziker syndrome who presented with melanonychia striata affecting all the fingernails and toenails, macular pigmentation on the tongue and the lower lip, and scleral melanocytosis. Melanonychia striata rarely affect all the twenty nails, and scleral melanocytosis has rarely been reported in association with Laugier–Hunziker syndrome. Laugier–Hunziker syndrome occurs predominately in adults. Our patient is the youngest reported patient with Laugier–Hunziker syndrome.
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16004
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Mollan SP, Paemeleire K, Versijpt J, Luqmani R, Sinclair AJ. European Headache Federation recommendations for neurologists managing giant cell arteritis. J Headache Pain 2020; 21:28. [PMID: 32183689 PMCID: PMC7079499 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-020-01093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Giant cell arteritis (GCA) remains a medical emergency because of the risk of sudden irreversible sight loss and rarely stroke along with other complications. Because headache is one of the cardinal symptoms of cranial GCA, neurologists need to be up to date with the advances in investigation and management of this condition. The aim of this document by the European Headache Federation (EHF) is to provide an evidence-based and expert-based recommendations on GCA. METHODS The working group identified relevant questions, performed systematic literature review and assessed the quality of available evidence, and wrote recommendations. Where there was not a high level of evidence, the multidisciplinary (neurology, ophthalmology and rheumatology) group recommended best practice based on their clinical experience. RESULTS Across Europe, fast track pathways and the utility of advanced imaging techniques are helping to reduce diagnostic delay and uncertainty, with improved clinical outcomes for patients. GCA is treated with high dose glucocorticoids (GC) as a first line agent however long-term GC toxicity is one of the key concerns for clinicians and patients. The first phase 2 and phase 3 randomised controlled trials of Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antagonist, have been published. It is now been approved as the first ever licensed drug to be used in GCA. CONCLUSION The present article will outline recent advances made in the diagnosis and management of GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Mollan
- Birmingham Neuro-Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - K. Paemeleire
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J. Versijpt
- Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - R. Luqmani
- The Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FY UK
| | - A. J. Sinclair
- Metabolic Neurology, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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16005
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Noda Y, Nakanishi Y, Nishimae A, Takahashi H, Oshiro C, Inaji H, Yamasaki M. Fine-needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis of solid basaloid adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: Its role, limitation, and perspective. Diagn Cytopathol 2020; 48:652-656. [PMID: 32181598 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Solid basaloid adenoid cystic carcinoma (SB-AdCC) is a subtype of breast AdCC which shows more aggressive clinical behavior than other subtypes. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a useful diagnostic tool for breast malignancies. However, most of the diagnostic cytological characteristics of AdCC are not present in SB-AdCC and cytomorphological studies of this subtype are limited. Here, we evaluated the utility of FNA in the diagnosis of SB-AdCC of the breast. A search of the pathology archives of our institutions for FNA specimens of histologically confirmed SB-AdCC between 2012 and 2019 identified four patients with SB-AdCC of the breast. All patients were female and the average age was 60 years. Cytologically, one case was classified as malignant, two as indeterminate, and one as unsatisfactory. Smears had low to moderate cellularity. All smears showed ribbon-like material surrounding the clusters and a vertical nuclear arrangement toward the peripheral rim. Hyaline globules appeared only in one case. Cells in all cases showed an oval, angular, and spindle shape hyperchromatic nuclei with mild to severe atypia, and also dispersed naked nuclei similar to the cells of the clusters were detected in one case. In histological sections, these cytological findings were compatible with the histological findings and divergent histological differentiation was detected. Diagnosing of few cellular smears of SB-AdCC is difficult whereas the features of peripheral rim of the clusters, naked nuclei, and the divergent differentiation may be important for diagnosing SB-AdCC of the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Noda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakanishi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nishimae
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Takahashi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiya Oshiro
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Inaji
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Yamasaki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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16006
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Weinberg L, Grover H, Cowie D, Langley E, Heland M, Story DA. Attitudes of anesthetists towards an anesthesia-led nurse practitioner model for low-risk colonoscopy procedures: a cross-sectional survey. Hum Resour Health 2020; 18:20. [PMID: 32183813 PMCID: PMC7076960 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-020-0458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mounting pressure on the Australian healthcare system is driving a continual exploration of areas to improve patient care and access and to maximize utilization of our workforce. We hypothesized that there would be support by anesthetists employed at our hospital for the design, development, and potential implementation of an anesthesia-led nurse practitioner (NP) model for low-risk colonoscopy patients. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed methods study to ascertain the attitudes and acceptability of anesthetists towards a proposed anesthesia-led NP model for low-risk colonoscopy patients. An online survey using commercial software and theoretical questions pertaining to participants' attitudes towards an anesthesia-led NP model was e-mailed to consultant anesthetists. Participants were also invited to participate in a voluntary 20-min face-to-face interview. RESULTS A total of 60 survey responses were received from a pool of 100 anesthetists (response rate = 60%, accounting for 8.04% margin of error). Despite the theoretical benefits of improved patient access to colonoscopy services, most anesthetists were not willing to participate in the supervision and training of NPs. The predominant themes underlying their lack of support for the program were a perception that patient safety would be compromised compared to the current model of anesthesia-led care, the model does not meet the Australian and New Zealand College of Anesthetists guidelines for procedural sedation and analgesia, and the program may be a public liability prone to litigation in the event of an adverse outcome. Concerns about consumer acceptance and cost-effectiveness were also raised. Finally, participants thought the model should be pilot tested to better understand consumer attitudes, logistical feasibility, patient and proceduralist attitudes, clinical governance, and, importantly, patient safety. CONCLUSIONS Most anesthetists working in a single-center university hospital did not support an anesthesia-led NP model for low-risk colonoscopy patients. Patient safety, violations of the current Australian and New Zealand College of Anesthetists guidelines on procedural sedation, and logistical feasibility were significant barriers to the acceptance of the model. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, 12619001036101.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Weinberg
- Department of Anesthesia, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084 Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - H. Grover
- Department of Anesthesia, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084 Australia
| | - D. Cowie
- Department of Anesthesia, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084 Australia
| | - E. Langley
- Department of Anesthesia Perioperative and Pain Medicine Unit, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - M. Heland
- Department of Anesthesia Perioperative and Pain Medicine Unit, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - D. A. Story
- Centre for Integrated Critical Care, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
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16007
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Breijyeh Z, Jubeh B, Karaman R. Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Current Antibacterial Agents and Approaches to Resolve It. Molecules 2020; 25:E1340. [PMID: 32187986 PMCID: PMC7144564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance represents an enormous global health crisis and one of the most serious threats humans face today. Some bacterial strains have acquired resistance to nearly all antibiotics. Therefore, new antibacterial agents are crucially needed to overcome resistant bacteria. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) has published a list of antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens, pathogens which present a great threat to humans and to which new antibiotics are urgently needed the list is categorized according to the urgency of need for new antibiotics as critical, high, and medium priority, in order to guide and promote research and development of new antibiotics. The majority of the WHO list is Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Due to their distinctive structure, Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant than Gram-positive bacteria, and cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several strategies have been reported to fight and control resistant Gram-negative bacteria, like the development of antimicrobial auxiliary agents, structural modification of existing antibiotics, and research into and the study of chemical structures with new mechanisms of action and novel targets that resistant bacteria are sensitive to. Research efforts have been made to meet the urgent need for new treatments; some have succeeded to yield activity against resistant Gram-negative bacteria by deactivating the mechanism of resistance, like the action of the β-lactamase Inhibitor antibiotic adjuvants. Another promising trend was by referring to nature to develop naturally derived agents with antibacterial activity on novel targets, agents such as bacteriophages, DCAP(2-((3-(3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)-2(hydroxymethyl)propane1,3-diol, Odilorhabdins (ODLs), peptidic benzimidazoles, quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors, and metal-based antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafik Karaman
- Department of Bioorganic & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine; (Z.B.); (B.J.)
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16008
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Wang KJ, Lee CM, Hu GC, Wang KM. Stroke to Dementia Associated with Environmental Risks-A Semi-Markov Model. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E1944. [PMID: 32188138 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most stroke cases lead to serious mental and physical disabilities, such as dementia and sensory impairment. Chronic diseases are contributory risk factors for stroke. However, few studies considered the transition behaviors of stroke to dementia associated with chronic diseases and environmental risks. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a prognosis model to address the issue of stroke transitioning to dementia associated with environmental risks. DESIGN This cohort study used the data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. SETTING Healthcare data were obtained from more than 25 million enrollees and covered over 99% of Taiwan's entire population. PARTICIPANTS In this study, 10,627 stroke patients diagnosed from 2000 to 2010 in Taiwan were surveyed. METHODS A Cox regression model and corresponding semi-Markov process were constructed to evaluate the influence of risk factors on stroke, corresponding dementia, and their transition behaviors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Relative risk and sojourn time were the main outcome measure. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that certain environmental risks, medication, and rehabilitation factors highly influenced the transition of stroke from a chronic disease to dementia. This study also highlighted the high-risk populations of stroke patients against the environmental risk factors; the males below 65 years old were the most sensitive population. CONCLUSION Experiments showed that the proposed semi-Markovian model outperformed other benchmark diagnosis algorithms (i.e., linear regression, decision tree, random forest, and support vector machine), with a high R2 of 90%. The proposed model also facilitated an accurate prognosis on the transition time of stroke from chronic diseases to dementias against environmental risks and rehabilitation factors.
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16009
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Li Z, Lai C, Shah AK, Xie W, Liu C, Huang L, Li K, Yu H, Xu K. Comparative analysis of retrograde intrarenal surgery and modified ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in management of lower pole renal stones (1.5-3.5 cm). BMC Urol 2020; 20:27. [PMID: 32178654 PMCID: PMC7074985 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the safety and efficacy of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and modified Ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (UMP) in semi-supine combined lithotomy position for the management of 1.5–3.5 cm lower pole renal stones (LPSs). Methods A total of 63 patients with 1.5–3.5 cm LPSs who underwent RIRS (n = 33) or modified UMP (n = 30) in diameter between January 2017 and January 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Modified UMP was performed in semi-supine combined lithotomy position and a 9.5/11.5 F ureteral access sheath (UAS) was inserted during the procedure in order to maintain low pelvic pressure and to facilitate the removal of stone fragments. Base-line parameters, stone characteristics, illness condition, operation time, postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) drop, postoperative creatinine (Cr) elevation, length of hospital stay, length of postoperative hospital stay, stone-free rate (SFR) and complications were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in base-line parameters, stone characteristics and illness condition. The mean operating time of RIRS group was longer than UMP group (95.61 ± 21.9 vs. 55.0 ± 16.1 min, p < 0.001). The mean postoperative Hb drop was less in RIRS group (7.42 ± 4.7 vs. 15.70 ± 9.8 g/L, p < 0.001). The length of hospital stay and postoperative hospital stay for RIRS were shorter than UMP (4.76 ± 1.1 vs. 5.83 ± 0.8 d, p < 0.001, 2.97 ± 0.9 vs. 4.07 ± 0.9 d, p < 0.001). The Early SFR was higher in UMP group (54.5 vs. 80.0%, p < 0.050) while SFR at 1-month and 3-months postoperatively was similar in both groups (p = 0.504, p = 0.675). There were no significant differences between the two groups in complications (p = 0.228). Conclusion For patients with 1.5–3.5 cm LPSs, both modified UMP and RIRS are safe and viable. The modified UMP technique was used in this study, application semi-supine combined lithotomy position and the retention of UAS can improve the surgical efficiency and maintain low pressure perfusion in the kidney, which resulted in superior treatment efficacy. Therefore, we highly recommend this technique for LPSs with heavy stone burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohang Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Cong Lai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Arvind K Shah
- Department of Urology, Bir Hospital, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Weibin Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Kuiqing Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China
| | - Kewei Xu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510210, China.
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16010
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Behaviors that undermine a culture of safety pose a serious threat to the overall wellbeing of healthcare workers as well as to patient outcomes. PURPOSE The purpose of this integrative review is to compare reported psychometrics, feasibility, and identify commonalities among available instruments measuring negative behaviors among healthcare professionals. METHODS Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methods were used to analyze pertinent instruments designed to measure negative behaviors among healthcare professionals. Multiple computerized databases including CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases were searched in the fall of 2017 without date restrictions. RESULTS Violence, incivility, and bullying are the most frequently measured behaviors in healthcare workers, and a robust number of valid and reliable instruments are available. CONCLUSIONS To date a comprehensive review of psychometric properties and feasibility of administration is lacking. This review synthesizes the instruments measuring these behaviors, providing a resource for future research focused on mitigation and intervention strategies.
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16011
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Hirt J, van Meijeren LCJ, Saal S, Hafsteinsdóttir TB, Hofmeijer J, Kraft A, Meyer G, de Man-van Ginkel JM. Predictive accuracy of the Post-Stroke Depression Prediction Scale: A prospective binational observational study ✰. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:39-44. [PMID: 31957690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression after a stroke is a common complication that negatively influences stroke rehabilitation. Early identification, followed by adequate treatment of depression, improves recovery from stroke. To support early identification, the Post-stroke Depression Prediction Scale (DePreS) was developed to predict in the first week after stroke, the risk of depression in the second month. In this study we investigate the predictive accuracy of the DePreS in stroke patients. METHODS In this prospective multicenter observational study, hospitalized stroke patients were included from three stroke units in the Netherlands and Germany using consecutive sampling. In the first week after stroke, the predicted risk for depression was estimated with the DePreS. Two months after stroke, major depressive disorder was determined with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS Of the 93 included patients, 17 (18.3%) showed symptoms of major depressive disorder. With a cut-off value of ≥ 0, DePreS performed optimally with a sensitivity of 0.65 (95% CI 0.42-0.87), specificity of 0.74 (95% CI 0.64-0.84), positive predictive value of 0.35 (95% CI 0.19-0.52), and negative predictive value of 0.90 (95% CI 0.80-1.00). The AUC was 0.71 (95% CI 0.56-0.86). LIMITATIONS The generalizability of the study findings is limited to patients able to communicate adequately. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the DePreS is an adequate instrument for early and reliable identification of stroke patients who are not at risk of MDD in the second months after stroke. This limits the need for structural diagnostic follow-up to patients with a high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hirt
- Institute for Health and Nursing Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Applied Nursing Sciences, Department of Health, FHS St.Gallen, Rosenbergstrasse 59, 9000 St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lianne C J van Meijeren
- Nursing Sciences, Program in Clinical Health Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Saal
- Institute for Health and Nursing Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thóra B Hafsteinsdóttir
- Nursing Sciences, Program in Clinical Health Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Science and Primary Care, Department of Nursing Science, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeannette Hofmeijer
- Department of Neurology, Rijnstate, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 CE Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Kraft
- Department of Neurology of the Hospital Martha Maria Halle-Dölau, Röntgenstraße 1, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gabriele Meyer
- Institute for Health and Nursing Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Janneke M de Man-van Ginkel
- Nursing Sciences, Program in Clinical Health Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Science and Primary Care, Department of Nursing Science, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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16012
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Abstract
Internal bleaching is an effective and minimally invasive way of bleaching non-vital teeth. A commonly cited risk associated with it is external cervical resorption (ECR), which is a potentially significant complication that could result in loss of the tooth. This is an important point of discussion with a patient during the consent process. Legally, patients are required to be made aware of material risks to which they would be likely to attach significance, such as the loss of a tooth. The risk of ECR is therefore a key component in the patient's decision-making process as they weigh it against the perceived benefits. Over the last ten years, both clinical and legal reasons have resulted in a number of changes in the materials and protocols used for internal bleaching. This leads to the question of what the current quality of evidence is regarding the association of ECR following internal bleaching with modern protocols. Other restorative options for discoloured teeth, such as veneers or crowns, involve the irreversible removal of tooth tissue and these may be chosen by patients over internal bleaching based on out-of-date evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Newton
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Restorative Dental Department, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, SA6 6NL, UK.
| | - Jeremy Hayes
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Restorative Dental Department, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, SA6 6NL, UK
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16013
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Venkatraman SK, Swamiappan S. Review on calcium- and magnesium-based silicates for bone tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1546-1562. [PMID: 32170908 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a self-engineered structural component of the human body with multifaceted mechanical strength, which provides indomitable support to the effective functioning of the human body. It is indispensable to find a suitable biomaterial for substituting the bone as the bone substitute material requirement is very high due to the rate of bone fracture and infection lead to osteoporosis in human beings increases rapidly. It is not an easy task to design a material with good apatite deposition ability, a faster rate of dissolution, superior resorbability, high mechanical strength, and significant bactericidal activity. Since the synthetic hydroxyapatite was not able to achieve the dahlite phase of hydroxyapatite (natural bone mineral phase), silicates emerged as an alternate biomaterial to meet the need for bone graft substitutes. All silicates do not exhibit the properties required for bone graft substitutes, as their composition and methodology adopted for the synthesis are different. Calcium, magnesium, and silicon play a major role in the formation of bone mineral and their metabolism during bone formation. In this review, the relationship between composition and activity of calcium, magnesium-based silicates have been discussed along with the future scope of these materials for hard tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumar Venkatraman
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sasikumar Swamiappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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16014
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Coden ME, Berdnikovs S. Eosinophils in wound healing and epithelial remodeling: Is coagulation a missing link? J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:93-103. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0120-390r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie E. Coden
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA
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16015
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Kettner M, Birngruber CG, Niess C, Baz-Bartels M, Bunzel L, Verhoff MA, Lux C, Ramsthaler F. Mongolian spots as a finding in forensic examinations of possible child abuse-implications for case work. Int J Legal Med 2020; 134:1141-1148. [PMID: 32166386 PMCID: PMC7181436 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mongolian spots (MS) are congenital dermal conditions resulting from neural crest-derived melanocytes migration to the skin during embryogenesis. MS incidences are highly variable in different populations. Morphologically, MS present as hyperpigmented maculae of varying size and form, ranging from round spots of 1 cm in diameter to extensive discolorations covering predominantly the lower back and buttocks. Due to their coloring, which is also dependent on the skin type, MS may mimic hematoma thus posing a challenge on the physician conducting examinations of children in cases of suspected child abuse. In the present study, MS incidences and distribution, as well as skin types, were documented in a collective of 253 children examined on the basis of suspected child abuse. From these data, a classification scheme was derived to document MS and to help identify cases with a need for recurrent examination for unambiguous interpretation of initial findings alongside the main decisive factors for re-examination such as general circumstances of the initial examination (e. g., experience of the examiner, lighting conditions) and given dermatological conditions of the patient (e. g., diaper rash).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Kettner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany. .,Department of Child Protection/Kinderschutzambulanz, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany.
| | - Christoph G Birngruber
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Constanze Niess
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany.,Department of Child Protection/Kinderschutzambulanz, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Marco Baz-Bartels
- Department of Child Protection/Kinderschutzambulanz, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany.,Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Lena Bunzel
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany.,Department of Child Protection/Kinderschutzambulanz, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Marcel A Verhoff
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany.,Department of Child Protection/Kinderschutzambulanz, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Constantin Lux
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany.,Department of Child Protection/Kinderschutzambulanz, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Frank Ramsthaler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany
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16016
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Jia Y, Samadzadeh S, Cornford M, Ji P, French SW. Educational Case: Incidental Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma. Acad Pathol 2020; 7:2374289520909504. [PMID: 32206701 PMCID: PMC7074493 DOI: 10.1177/2374289520909504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jia
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Sara Samadzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Marcia Cornford
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
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16017
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Mascaraque M, Delgado-Wicke P, Nuevo-Tapioles C, Gracia-Cazaña T, Abarca-Lachen E, González S, Cuezva JM, Gilaberte Y, Juarranz Á. Metformin as an Adjuvant to Photodynamic Therapy in Resistant Basal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030668. [PMID: 32183017 PMCID: PMC7139992 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL-PDT) is being used for the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), although resistant cells may appear. Normal differentiated cells depend primarily on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to generate energy, but cancer cells switch this metabolism to aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), influencing the response to therapies. We have analyzed the expression of metabolic markers (β-F1-ATPase/GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) ratio, pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), oxygen consume ratio, and lactate extracellular production) in the resistance to PDT of mouse BCC cell lines (named ASZ and CSZ, heterozygous for ptch1). We have also evaluated the ability of metformin (Metf), an antidiabetic type II compound that acts through inhibition of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway to sensitize resistant cells to PDT. The results obtained indicated that resistant cells showed an aerobic glycolysis metabolism. The treatment with Metf induced arrest in the G0/G1 phase and a reduction in the lactate extracellular production in all cell lines. The addition of Metf to MAL-PDT improved the cytotoxic effect on parental and resistant cells, which was not dependent on the PS protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) production. After Metf + MAL-PDT treatment, activation of pAMPK was detected, suppressing the mTOR pathway in most of the cells. Enhanced PDT-response with Metf was also observed in ASZ tumors. In conclusion, Metf increased the response to MAL-PDT in murine BCC cells resistant to PDT with aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mascaraque
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (P.D.-W.)
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Delgado-Wicke
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (P.D.-W.)
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Centro de Biología Molecular-Severo Ochoa (CBMSO/CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.N.-T.); (J.M.C.)
| | | | - Edgar Abarca-Lachen
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain;
| | - Salvador González
- Departmento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José M. Cuezva
- Centro de Biología Molecular-Severo Ochoa (CBMSO/CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.N.-T.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Ángeles Juarranz
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (P.D.-W.)
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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16018
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Altekin I, Taş A, Yalcin O, Guven SG, Aslan Z, Adali MK, Karasalihoğlu AR. Frequency of Epstein-Barr virus and human papilloma virus in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 277:2041-2047. [PMID: 32170419 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-05907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of malignancy originating from the epithelial cells lining the nasopharynx. In genetic and environmental factors, infection with Epstein-Barr virus is one of the particular factors held accountable for the etiopathogenesis. Human papillomavirus has been associated with cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the presence and incidence of Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. METHODS The information collected for these patients included age at the time of biopsy, gender, alcohol consumption and smoking, and histopathological type of nasopharyngeal cancer. Only patients for whom nasopharyngeal biopsy was performed as punch biopsy were included in the study. In situ hybridization was performed with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections for Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus nucleic acids obtained by means of automated Ventana BenchMark Medical system RESULTS: Utilizing in situ hybridization with samples obtained from 56 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer. Epstein-Barr virus was positive in 41 out of the 56 (73.2%) patients, while human papillomavirus was positive in 3 (5.4%), and 1 patient (1.8%) had co-infection. Thirty seven (90.2%) of the 41 patients positive for Epstein-Barr virus were Type-2 according to WHO, while 4 (9.8%) were Type-1. All three patients (100%) with Human Papillomavirus positivity were Type-2 according to WHO. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the close association between nasopharyngeal cancer and Epstein-Barr virus whereas such an association is not shown for Human Papillomavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhan Altekin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Taş
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, 22030, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Omer Yalcin
- Department of Pathology, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Selis Gulseven Guven
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Zülkar Aslan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Adali
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
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16019
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Paulis SJC, Everink IHJ, Halfens RJG, Lohrmann C, Wirnsberger RR, Gordon AL, Schols JMGA. Diagnosing dehydration in the nursing home: international consensus based on a modified Delphi study. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:393-402. [PMID: 32297264 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess which method (or combination of methods) are relevant and feasible to diagnose dehydration in nursing home residents. Findings International experts agreed on the relevance and feasibility of 9 anamnestic items, 8 physical symptoms and 3 blood tests to diagnose dehydration. This resulted in a diagnostic strategy consisting of a suspicion phase (including anamnestic items and physical symptoms) and a confirmation phase (including blood tests). Message This is the first study reaching international consensus about a strategy to diagnose dehydration in the nursing home. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s41999-020-00304-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Purpose Even though dehydration is a big problem among nursing home residents, a universally agreed method to diagnose dehydration among nursing home residents is missing. Therefore, this study aimed to establish consensus on a method to diagnose dehydration in this population. Methods Using an international Delphi study, 53 experts (physicians and advanced nurse practitioners) were asked to judge various methods to diagnose dehydration on relevance and feasibility in the nursing home. Based on the methods that gained consensus in the first and second round (≥ 75% consensus), a step-by-step diagnostic strategy was developed which was presented to, and judged by, the experts in round three. Results After the first and second round, consensus was reached on nine anamnestic items, eight physical symptoms and three blood tests. In the third round, 24 experts agreed with the developed step-by-step diagnostic strategy as a standard to diagnose dehydration in nursing home residents. Conclusion This is the first study reaching international consensus on a strategy to diagnose dehydration in the nursing home. This strategy comprehends a presumption phase, where anamnestic items and physical symptoms are examined, followed by a confirmation phase with blood tests to confirm the diagnosis of dehydration. Using this strategy, it is important to take the individual characteristics (e.g. co-morbidity) of the resident and its care environment (e.g. ambient temperature) into account. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s41999-020-00304-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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16020
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Meckel's diverticulum is a remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct. It can lead to intestinal perforation, obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding. While the internal hernia caused by Meckel's diverticulum is rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of a 45-year old female patient who presented with intestinal obstruction and on laparotomy was found to have Meckel's diverticulum with internal hernia causing intestinal gangrene. Segmental bowel resection was performed and the patient had uneventful recovery. CONCLUSIONS In patients with acute intestinal obstruction without previous abdominal surgery, Meckel's diverticulum and its complications should be suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanlin Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuechao Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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16021
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Rodriguez M, Stewart C, Khan O, Citro B. Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Resection of a Transverse Colon Schwannoma. Case Rep Surg 2020; 2020:8057352. [PMID: 32231846 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8057352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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16022
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de Oliveira LRC, Mimura LAN, Fraga-Silva TFDC, Ishikawa LLW, Fernandes AAH, Zorzella-Pezavento SFG, Sartori A. Calcitriol Prevents Neuroinflammation and Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Local Macrophage/Microglia Activation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:161. [PMID: 32226379 PMCID: PMC7080989 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that involves damage to the myelin sheath surrounding axons. MS therapy is based on immunomodulatory drugs that reduce disease recurrence and severity. Vitamin D is a hormone whose immunomodulatory ability has been widely demonstrated, including in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is an animal model of CNS inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the potential of very early intervention with the active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) to control neuroinflammation during EAE development. EAE was induced in C57BL/6J mice and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 administration began 1 day after disease induction. This procedure decreased prevalence, clinical score, inflammation, and demyelination. It also reduced MHCII expression in macrophages and microglia as well as the level of oxidative stress and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for NLRP3, caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, CX3CR1, CCL17, RORc and Tbx21 at the CNS. Otherwise, mRNA expression for ZO-1 increased at the lumbar spinal cord. These effects were accompanied by the stabilization of blood-spinal cord barrier permeability. The results of this study indicate that early intervention with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 can control the neuroinflammatory process that is the hallmark of EAE and MS immunopathogenesis and should thus be explored as an adjunct therapy for MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Lumi Watanabe Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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16023
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Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic resection is increasingly used in colorectal cancer (CRC). It has been suggested to carry short-term benefits in safety, recovery, and preservation on immune function for patients with CRC. However, the impact of laparoscopic resection on natural killer (NK) cells is largely unclear. METHODS A total of 200 patients with CRC across Dukes A/B/C stages were randomly assigned to laparoscopic or open resection. The blood samples were collected before and after the surgery. The total number of NK cells was quantified by flow cytometer. Lytic units 35 toward K562 was used to quantify NK cells activity. The outcomes between the groups across pathological stages were also analyzed. RESULTS The number and activity of NK cells decreased after the surgery in both groups. The laparoscopic group showed a faster recovery rate of NK cells function than the control group as assessed by cell count and lytic activity. Natural killer cells were impaired in a higher degree in patients at Dukes B/C stages. The recovery of NK cells to baseline level at day 7 postsurgery was observed in the laparoscopic group across all 3 stages. CONCLUSION Generally, laparoscopically assisted surgery resulted in a better preservation on NK cells function. A better outcome was observed in patients with CRC at Dukes B/C stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangpan Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hailian Guo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jinjiang Hospital, Jinjiang, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yancheng Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yibin Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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16024
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Vainionpää R, Pesonen P, Laitala ML, Pohjola V, Anttonen V. Dental Fear and Dental Health and Attendance among Finnish Male Prisoners. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2020; 10:e4. [PMID: 32158528 PMCID: PMC7012615 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2019.10404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and the associations between dental fear and dental health and dental attendance among Finnish prisoners. Material and Methods Eighty-nine voluntary male prisoners from the Pelso Prison participated in this cross-sectional clinical study between September 2014 and February 2015. Forty-six (51.7%) of them were also interviewed for their background factors, dental fear and dental attendance. To evaluate the prisoners’ level of dental fear, the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and Dental Visual Analogue Scale were used. The numbers of decayed, missing, filled and remaining teeth reported dental health. For analyses Pearson’s Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, logistic regression analyses and the independent samples Kruskall-Wallis test were conducted. Results Among male prisoners four out of 46 (8.7%) reported severe and fourteen out of 46 (30.4%) moderate dental fear, 60.9% had mild or no dental fear. Those with no dental fear visited a dentist regularly more often than those with dental fear. The use of snuff and number of medications were positively associated with severe dental fear. Conclusions Dental fear is common among Finnish male prisoners. High number of prescribed medications, use of snuff and irregular dental attendance may indicate severe dental fear among Finnish male prisoners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raija Vainionpää
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Paediatric Dentistry, University of OuluFinland.,Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of OuluFinland
| | - Paula Pesonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of OuluFinland
| | - Marja-Liisa Laitala
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Paediatric Dentistry, University of OuluFinland
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of OuluFinland.,Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of OuluFinland
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Paediatric Dentistry, University of OuluFinland.,Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of OuluFinland
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16025
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Moura-fernandes MC, Moreira-marconi E, Gonçalves de Meirelles A, Paula Ferreira de Oliveira A, Silva AR, Felipe Ferreira de Souza L, Lírio Pereira da Silva A, dos Santos-fernandes C, Bessa Monteiro de Oliveira B, Antonio de Souza Gama M, Eduarda de Souza Melo-oliveira M, Guedes de Aguiar EDO, Palmeira de Oliveira L, Mozella ADP, da Cunha de Sá-caputo D, Paineiras-domingos LL, Pereira MJDS, Xavier VL, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Sañudo B, Taiar R, Bernardo-filho M. Effect of the Combined Intervention with Passive Whole-Body Vibration and Auriculotherapy on the Quality of Life of Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis Assessed by the WHOQOL-Bref: A Multi-Arm Clinical Trial. Applied Sciences 2020; 10:1956. [DOI: 10.3390/app10061956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect on the quality of life of two non-pharmacological interventions isolated or in combination: (i) passive whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE), and (ii) auriculotherapy (AT). One hundred three participants with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) were allocated to: (a) a vibration group (WBVEG; n = 17) that performed WBVE (peak-to-peak displacement: 2.5 to 7.5 mm, frequency: 5 to 14 Hz, Peak acceleration: 0.12 to 2.95 g), two days/weekly for five weeks, (b) an AT group (ATG; n = 21), stimulation of three specific auriculotherapy points (Kidney, Knee and Shenmen) in each ear pavilion, (c) WBVE + AT (WBVE + AT; n = 20) and (d) respective control groups (WBVE_CG, n = 15; AT_CG, n = 12; WBVE + AT_CG, n = 18). The participants filled out the WHOQOL-bref Questionnaire before the first and after the last sessions. Statistical differences in the various domains of the WHOQOL-bref were not found. In conclusion, WBVE or AT alone or combined did not contribute in altering the quality of life of individuals exposed to these interventions.
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16026
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Behrouzi P, Heshmat H, Hoorizad Ganjkar M, Tabatabaei SF, Kharazifard MJ. Effect of Two Methods of Remineralization and Resin Infiltration on Surface Hardness of Artificially Induced Enamel Lesions. J Dent (Shiraz) 2020; 21:12-17. [PMID: 32158780 PMCID: PMC7036357 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2019.77864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: The progression of incipient carious lesions may be simply prevented by non-invasive remineralization of lesions, eliminating the need for invasive and high-cost restorative procedures. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of two commonly used remineralizing agents and resin infiltration on surface micro hardness of incipient enamel lesions at different time points. Materials and Method:
In this in vitro study, 45 intact human maxillary central incisors were selected. After disinfection, enamel samples measuring 5x5x2.5 mm were cut out of the labial surface of the teeth.
The surface of samples was polished and they were mounted in auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. According to Amaechi’s method, samples were immersed in acidified hydroxyethylcellulose system (pH= 4.5)
for 96 hours to induce white spot lesions (WSLs). The baseline value of surface micro hardness of samples was measured using a Vickers hardness tester,
then the samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=15) based on different remineralization methods: MI-Paste Plus, Remin Pro and ICON-Infiltrant according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
All samples were stored in anti-dry mouth treatment agent during the experiment and their surface hardness was measured at 15 days (T1) and 20 weeks (T2).
Results: The hardness of samples in MI-Paste Plus and Remin Pro groups significantly increased at both T1 and T2 (p< 0.001) but this increase was not significant in ICON group (p> 0.05). Conclusion: MI-Paste Plus and Remin Pro can efficiently increase the hardness of incipient enamel lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haleh Heshmat
- Dental Material Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dept. of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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16027
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Abstract
In recent decades, because of advances in technology there has been an explosion of knowledge on how microbiome affects human health. In most chronic immune-inflammatory diseases, alterations in gut microbiome has been shown. The successful use of faecal microbial transplants for the treatment of clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea has also paved the way for novel therapies. Gut microbiome is affected by early life events like the mode of delivery, breast feeding, the use of antibiotics, etc. and that may have an indirect effect on the developing immune system as well as on the predisposition to juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Multiple studies have found altered gut microbiome in JIA though no single organism or microbial community has been found to be associated with JIA. In JIA, attempts to modify gut microbiome by using probiotics, exclusive enteral nutrition and other modalities have had variable success. The current review discusses the current data available on gut microbiome in different categories of JIA and how this knowledge can translate into new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Majumder
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Amita Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
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16028
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Cheng Y, Shen P. miR-335 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor and Enhances Ionizing Radiation-Induced Tumor Regression by Targeting ROCK1. Front Oncol 2020; 10:278. [PMID: 32219065 PMCID: PMC7078682 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent development of integrative therapy against melanoma combines surgery, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy; however, the clinical outcomes of advanced stage and recurrent melanoma are poor. As a skin cancer, melanoma is generally resistant to radiotherapy. Hence, there is an urgent need for evaluation of the mechanisms of radioresistance. The present study identified miR-335 as one of the differential expression of miRNAs in recurrent melanoma biopsies post-radiotherapy. The expression of miR-335 declined in melanoma tissues compared to the adjacent tissues. Moreover, miR-335 expression correlated with advanced stages of melanoma negatively. Consistent with the prediction of STARBASE and miRDB database, miR-335 targeted ROCK1 via binding with 3′-UTR of ROCK1 directly, resulting in attenuation of proliferation, migration, and radioresistance of melanoma cells. The authors validated that overexpression of miR-335 enhanced X-ray-induced tumor regression by B16 mouse models. Briefly, the present findings gained insights into miR-335/ROCK1-mediated radiosensitivity and provided a promising therapeutic strategy for improving radiotherapy against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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16029
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Sumida Y, Yoneda M, Tokushige K, Kawanaka M, Fujii H, Yoneda M, Imajo K, Takahashi H, Eguchi Y, Ono M, Nozaki Y, Hyogo H, Koseki M, Yoshida Y, Kawaguchi T, Kamada Y, Okanoue T, Nakajima A. Antidiabetic Therapy in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061907. [PMID: 32168769 PMCID: PMC7139365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver-related diseases are the third-leading causes (9.3%) of mortality in type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japan. T2D is closely associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of NAFLD, can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatic failure. No pharmacotherapies are established for NASH patients with T2D. Though vitamin E is established as a first-line agent for NASH without T2D, its efficacy for NASH with T2D recently failed to be proven. The effects of pioglitazone on NASH histology with T2D have extensively been established, but several concerns exist, such as body weight gain, fluid retention, cancer incidence, and bone fracture. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are expected to ameliorate NASH and NAFLD (LEAN study, LEAD trial, and E-LIFT study). Among a variety of SGLT2 inhibitors, dapagliflozin has already entered the phase 3 trial (DEAN study). A key clinical need is to determine the kinds of antidiabetic drugs that are the most appropriate for the treatment of NASH to prevent the progression of hepatic fibrosis, resulting in HCC or liver-related mortality without increasing the risk of cardiovascular or renal events. Combination therapies, such as glucagon receptor agonist/GLP-1 or gastrointestinal peptide/GLP-1, are under development. This review focused on antidiabetic agents and future perspectives on the view of the treatment of NAFLD with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Sumida
- Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-561-62-3311; Fax: +81-561-62-1508
| | - Masashi Yoneda
- Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Katsutoshi Tokushige
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| | - Miwa Kawanaka
- Department of General Internal Medicine2, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama 700-8505, Japan;
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan;
| | - Masato Yoneda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (M.Y.); (K.I.); (A.N.)
| | - Kento Imajo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (M.Y.); (K.I.); (A.N.)
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan;
| | - Yuichiro Eguchi
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga 840-8502, Japan;
| | - Masafumi Ono
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo 116-8567, Japan;
| | - Yuichi Nozaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Yuichi Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka 564-8567, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan;
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Hepatology Center, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Osaka 564-0013, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (M.Y.); (K.I.); (A.N.)
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16030
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Kim HY, Lee KW, Lee DS. Critical causes in severe bleeding requiring angioembolization after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. BMC Urol 2020; 20:22. [PMID: 32160888 PMCID: PMC7066775 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To identify the risk factors for severe bleeding requiring angioembolization among patients who received transfusions after PCNL, particularly those who underwent anatomically incorrect renal puncture. Methods A total of 53 patients, who received transfusions after PCNL and simultaneously had a postoperative CT scan performed between November 2009 and May 2019 at two teaching hospitals, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent angioembolization and those who did not. Patient, stone and procedural factors were compared between the two groups. Puncture correctness was evaluated using postoperative CT scans. Puncture was defined as being a correct puncture if the fornix or papilla of the posterior calyx was punctured and the trajectory of the tract was within 20 degrees posterior to the frontal plane of the kidney (i.e., within Brödel’s line). Results 21 patients underwent angioembolization after PCNL. Incorrect puncture was seen in 14/21 (66.7%) patients who underwent angioembolization after PCNL, whereas it was seen in 11/32 (34.4%) patients who did not undergo angioembolization (p = 0.021). On multivariable regression analysis, puncture correctness was found to be the only significant factor, with an OR of 3.818, 95% CI of 1.192–12.231 and p value of 0.024. Conclusions Incorrect renal puncture was related to severe bleeding requiring angioembolization after PCNL. Our results emphasize the importance of the basic principle of renal puncture for PCNL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Youn Kim
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sup Lee
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea.
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16031
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Song H, Xu Y, Xu T, Fan R, Jiang T, Cao M, Shi L, Song J. CircPIP5K1A activates KRT80 and PI3K/AKT pathway to promote gastric cancer development through sponging miR-671-5p. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:109941. [PMID: 32169757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) has been regarded as a kind of the most common cancers in gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a newly discovered category of non-coding RNAs and plays a significant role in the initiation or development of human cancers. Nevertheless, the role of circPIP5K1A in GC remains unclear. METHODS The relative expression level and the circular structure of circPIP5K1A were confirmedby RT-qPCR. The biological function of circPIP5K1A in GC was evaluated by colony formation, transwell and western blot assays. The binding capacity between miR-671-5p and circPIP5K1A (or KRT80) was assessed by luciferase reporter and Ago2-RIP assays. Protein levels of PI3K/AKT pathway were measured by western blot assay. RESULTS CircPIP5K1A was up-regulated in GC tissues and cells with a circular structure. Functionally, circPIP5K1A silence limited cell proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT process. Mechanistically, circPIP5K1A directly interacted with miR-671-5p to modulate KRT80 expression. Either miR-671-5p inhibitor or KRT80 overexpression could offset the inhibitory effect of circPIP5K1A depletion on GC development. Besides, circPIP5K1A played its oncogenic role in GC through regulating PI3K/AKT pathway. At last, circPIP5K1A promoted GC tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS CircPIP5K1A/miR-671-5p/KRT80 axis contributes to GC progression through PI3K/AKT pathway, implying this axis may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Song
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Teng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Ruizhi Fan
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Meng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Linseng Shi
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China.
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16032
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Kreitman K, Nair SP, Kothadia JP. Successful Treatment of Crizotinib-Induced Fulminant Liver Failure: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Case Reports Hepatol 2020; 2020:8247960. [PMID: 32231818 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8247960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Crizotinib is a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer. Crizotinib-induced hepatotoxicity is a rare event. We report a case of a 46-year-old female with a history of metastatic lung cancer who presented with acute liver failure after being on crizotinib for two months. The medication was discontinued, and she was treated with N-acetylcysteine for seven days. Her liver function tests returned to normal limits after 26 days after admission. The precise mechanism and risk factors of crizotinib-induced hepatotoxicity remain unknown. Physicians should be aware of the potentially lethal side effect caused by crizotinib.
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16033
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Abstract
Kampo, a branch of traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has been the backbone of Japanese medicine for more than 1500 years. The health insurance system in Japan allows patients to access both Western and Kampo medical care at the same time in the same medical institution. Kampo has been used for the treatment of not only acute but also chronic pain in Japan. In this review, we will elaborate on the short history of Kampo, its basic concepts, and use for the treatment of pain.
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16034
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Salehi-vaziri M, Pouriayevali MH, Azad-manjiri S, Ahmadi Vasmehjani A, Baniasadi V, Fazlalipour M. The Seroprevalence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Rural Population of Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran (2018 - 2019). Arch Clin Infect Dis 2020; 15. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.98867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16035
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Bezerra-santos CR, Bondarenko E, Essilfie AT, Nair PM, Horvat JC, Barbosa-filho JM, Piuvezam MR, Nalivaiko E, Hansbro PM. Cissampelos sympodialis and Warifteine Suppress Anxiety-Like Symptoms and Allergic Airway Inflammation in Acute Murine Asthma Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 30:224-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s43450-020-00026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16036
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Schröder JH, Conze J, Dora C, Fortelny R, Gebhart C, Gollwitzer H, Hartmann A, Hoffmann H, Koch A, Krüger J, Lorenz R. [Diagnostic algorithm "FAI and sports hernia" : Results of the consensus meeting for groin pain in athletes]. Orthopade 2020; 49:211-7. [PMID: 31515590 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-019-03775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
As a result of the complexity and diversity of diseases in the region of the groin, differentiation of the various soft-tissue and bone pathologies remains a challenge for differential diagnosis in routine clinical practice. In the case of athletes with pain localized in the area of the groin, femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and athlete's groin must be considered as important causes of the groin pain, whereby the common occurrence of double pathologies further complicates diagnosis. Despite the importance of groin pain and its differential diagnoses in everyday clinical practice, there has been a lack of recognized recommendations for diagnostic procedure to date. To this end, a consensus meeting was held in February 2017, in which a group composed equally of groin and hip surgeons took part. With the formulation of recommendations and the establishment of a practicable diagnostic path, colleagues that are involved in treating such patients should be sensitized to this issue and the quality of the diagnosis of groin pain improved in routine clinical practice.
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16037
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Anand A, Kaur G, Bammidi S, Mathur D, Battu P, Sharma K, Tyagi R, Pannu V, Bhanushali D, Limaye N. Primer for Mainstreaming Mind-Body Techniques for Extreme Climates-Insights and Future Directions. Medicines (Basel) 2020; 7:E12. [PMID: 32155939 PMCID: PMC7151557 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7030012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: The deprivation of oxygen reaching the tissues (also termed as hypoxia) affects the normal functioning of the body. This results in development of many diseases like ischemia, glaucoma, MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment), pulmonary and cerebral edema, stress and depression. There are no effective drugs that can treat such diseases. Despite such failure, alternative interventions such as mind-body techniques (MBTs) have not been adequately investigated. Methods: The first part of this review has been focused on philosophical aspects of various MBTs besides evolving an ayurgenomic perspective. The potential of MBTs as a preventive non-pharmacological intervention in the treatment of various general and hypoxic pathologies has been further described in this section. In the second part, molecular, physiological, and neuroprotective roles of MBTs in normal and hypoxic/ischemic conditions has been discussed. Results: In this respect, the importance of and in vivo studies has also been discussed. Conclusions: Although several studies have investigated the role of protective strategies in coping with the hypoxic environment, the efficacy of MBTs at the molecular level has been ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Gurkeerat Kaur
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Sridhar Bammidi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Deepali Mathur
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India;
| | - Priya Battu
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Kanupriya Sharma
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Viraaj Pannu
- Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh 160030, India;
| | - Disha Bhanushali
- Sri Sri institute of Advanced Research, Ved Vignan Maha Vidya Peeth, Bangaluru 560082, India;
| | - Nitin Limaye
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; (G.K.); (S.B.); (P.B.); (K.S.); (R.T.)
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16038
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Schirrmacher V. New Insights into Mechanisms of Long-term Protective Anti-tumor Immunity Induced by Cancer Vaccines Modified by Virus Infection. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E55. [PMID: 32155856 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The topic is how to achieve long-term protective anti-tumor immunity by anti-cancer vaccination and what are its mechanisms. Cancer vaccines should instruct the immune system regarding relevant cancer targets and contain signals for innate immunity activation. Of central importance is T-cell mediated immunity and thus a detailed understanding of cognate interactions between tumor antigen (TA)-specific T cells and TA-presenting dendritic cells. Microbes and their associated molecular patterns initiate early inflammatory defense reactions that can contribute to the activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and to costimulation of T cells. The concommitant stimulation of naive TA-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with TAs and costimulatory signals occurs in T-APC clusters that generate effectors, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T cell mediated immunological memory. Information about how such memory can be maintained over long times is updated. The role that the bone marrow with its specialized niches plays for the survival of memory T cells is emphasized. Examples are presented that demonstrate long-term protective anti-tumor immunity can be achieved by post-operative vaccination with autologous cancer vaccines that are modified by virus infection.
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16039
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Wareth G, Brandt C, Sprague LD, Neubauer H, Pletz MW. Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii in Germany-A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Studies on Resistance Development in Humans (2000-2018). Microorganisms 2020; 8:E375. [PMID: 32155886 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii has gained global notoriety as a significant nosocomial pathogen because it is frequently associated with multi-drug resistance and hospital-based outbreaks. There is a substantial difference in the incidence of A. baumannii infections between different countries and within Germany. However, its continuous spread within Germany is a matter of concern. A systematic literature search and analysis of the literature published between 2000 and 2018 on A. baumannii in humans was performed. Forty-four studies out of 216 articles met the criteria for inclusion, and were selected and reviewed. The number of published articles is increasing over time gradually. Case reports and outbreak investigations are representing the main body of publications. North Rhine-Westphalia, Hesse and Baden-Wuerttemberg were states with frequent reports. Hospitals in Cologne and Frankfurt were often mentioned as specialized institutions. Multiresistant strains carrying diverse resistance genes were isolated in 13 of the 16 German states. The oxacillinase blaOXA-23-like, intrinsic blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-58 variant, blaNDM-1, blaGES-11, blaCTX-M and blaTEM are the most predominant resistance traits found in German A. baumannii isolates. Five clonal lineages IC-2, IC-7, IC-1, IC-4 and IC-6 and six sequence types ST22, ST53, ST195, ST218, ST944/ST78 and ST348/ST2 have been reported. Due to multidrug resistance, colistin, tigecycline, aminoglycosides, fosfomycin, ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozan/tazobactam were often reported to be the only effective antibiotics left to treat quadruple multi-resistant Gram-negative (4MRGN) A. baumannii. Dissemination and infection rates of A. baumannii are on the rise nationwide. Hence, several aspects of resistance development and pathogenesis are not fully understood yet. Increased awareness, extensive study of mechanisms of resistance and development of alternative strategies for treatment are required. One-Health genomic surveillance is needed to understand the dynamics of spread, to identify the main reservoirs and routes of transmission and to develop targeted intervention strategies.
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16040
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Perna S, Alalwan TA, Al-Thawadi S, Negro M, Parimbelli M, Cerullo G, Gasparri C, Guerriero F, Infantino V, Diana M, D'Antona G, Rondanelli M. Evidence-Based Role of Nutrients and Antioxidants for Chronic Pain Management in Musculoskeletal Frailty and Sarcopenia in Aging. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:E16. [PMID: 32155760 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders in aging and pain are closely connected because of multiple mechanisms leading to loss of mobility and autonomy. Pain is predictive of diability and worsening frailty and the strength of this relationship increases with the severity of pain. This study presents a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, cross sectional studies, and observational studies based on treatment of pain in adults with musculoskeletal disorders using nutritional non-pharmacological (nutrients and antioxidants) interventions. The review found the efficiency of the following topics: (a) accession of the patient to a dietary counselling (e.g., daily recommended amount of protein-equivalent to at least of 1 g of protein per kilogram of body weight); (b) intake of glutamic acid-rich such as soy, egg, and cod and tryptophan-rich foods such as milk and peanuts-or taking quick-acting, free-form supplements; (c) supplementation of vitamin D and magnesium, if lacking; (d) weekly consumption of fish or supplements of omega-3 fatty acids; and (e) availability of botanicals, in particular curcumin and gingerol. These non-pharmacological interventions can help the pain therapist to create a personalized medicine (precision medicine), acting with the maximum efficacy and safety, and also reducing the dosage of analgesic drugs needed.
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16041
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Ali S, Abdul Rani AM, Ahmad Mufti R, Ahmed SW, Baig Z, Hastuty S, Razak MAA, Abdu Aliyu AA. Optimization of Sintering Parameters of 316L Stainless Steel for In-Situ Nitrogen Absorption and Surface Nitriding Using Response Surface Methodology. Processes (Basel) 2020; 8:297. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the simultaneous sintering and surface nitriding of 316L stainless steel alloy using powder metallurgy method. The influence of sintering temperature and dwell time are investigated for maximum nitrogen absorption, densification and increased microhardness using response surface methodology (RSM). In this study, 316L stainless steel powder was compacted at 800 MPa and sintered at two different temperatures of 1150 and 1200 °C with varying dwell times of 1, 3, 5 and 8 h in nitrogen atmosphere. The sintered compacts were then characterized for their microstructure, densification, microhardness and nitrogen absorption. The results revealed that increased dwell time assisted nitrogen to diffuse into stainless steel matrix along with the creation of nitride layer onto the sample surface. The microhardness and density also increased with increasing dwell time. A densification of 7.575 g/cm3 and microhardness of 235 HV were obtained for the samples sintered at 1200 °C temperature with 8 h dwell time. The simultaneous sintering and surface nitriding technique developed in this research work can help in improving corrosion resistance of this material and controlling leaching of metal ions for its potential use in biomedical applications.
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16042
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Gkegkes ID, Dalavouras N, Stamatiadis AP. Hemorrhoid through fistula-in-ano: a rare event case. Ann Gastroenterol 2020; 33:221. [PMID: 32127746 PMCID: PMC7049238 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis D Gkegkes
- Athens Colorectal Laboratory, Athens, Greece (Ioannis D. Gkegkes, Nikolaos Dalavouras, Apostolos P. Stamatiadis).,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK (Ioannis D. Gkegkes)
| | - Nikolaos Dalavouras
- Athens Colorectal Laboratory, Athens, Greece (Ioannis D. Gkegkes, Nikolaos Dalavouras, Apostolos P. Stamatiadis)
| | - Apostolos P Stamatiadis
- Athens Colorectal Laboratory, Athens, Greece (Ioannis D. Gkegkes, Nikolaos Dalavouras, Apostolos P. Stamatiadis)
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16043
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Yu JW, Yuan HW, Bao LD, Si LG. Interaction between piperine and genes associated with sciatica and its mechanism based on molecular docking technology and network pharmacology. Mol Divers 2020; 25:233-248. [PMID: 32130644 PMCID: PMC7870775 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Piperine is the main active component of Piper longum L., which is also the main component of anti-sciatica Mongolian medicine Naru Sanwei pill. It has many pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and immune regulation.
This paper aims to preliminarily explore the potential mechanism of piperine in the treatment of sciatica through network pharmacology and molecular docking. TCMSP, ETCM database and literature mining were used to collect the active compounds of Piper longum L. Swiss TargetPrediction and SuperPred server were used to find the targets of compounds. At the same time, CTD database was used to collect the targets of sciatica. Then the above targets were compared and analyzed to select the targets of anti-sciatica in Piper longum L. The Go (gene ontology) annotation and KEGG pathway of the targets were enriched and analyzed by Metascape database platform. The molecular docking between the effective components and the targets was verified by Autodock. After that, the sciatica model of rats was established and treated with piperine. The expression level of inflammatory factors and proteins in the serum and tissues of rat sciatic nerve were detected by ELISA and Western blot. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were carried out on the sciatica tissues of rats. The results showed that Piper longum L. can regulate the development of sciatica and affect the expressions of PPARG and NF-kB1 through its active ingredient piperine, and there is endogenous interaction between PPARG and NF-kB1. Graphic abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Wang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Dao Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
| | - Leng-Ge Si
- Mongolia Medical School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
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16044
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Walker E, Liu Y, Kim I, Biro M, Iyer SR, Ezaldein H, Scott J, Merati M, Mistur R, Zhou B, Straight B, Yim JJ, Bogyo M, Mann M, Wilson DL, Basilion JP, Popkin DL. A Protease-Activated Fluorescent Probe Allows Rapid Visualization of Keratinocyte Carcinoma during Excision. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2045-2055. [PMID: 32132111 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocyte carcinomas, including basal and squamous cell carcinomas, are the most common human cancers worldwide. While 75% of all keratinocyte carcinoma (4 million annual cases in the United States) are treated with conventional excision, this surgical modality has much lower cure rates than Mohs micrographic surgery, likely due to the bread-loaf histopathologic assessment that visualizes <1% of the tissue margins. A quenched protease-activated fluorescent probe 6qcNIR, which produces a signal only in the protease-rich tumor microenvironment, was topically applied to 90 specimens ex vivo immediately following excision. "Puzzle-fit" analysis was used to correlate the fluorescent images with histology. Probe-dependent fluorescent images correlated with cancer determined by conventional histology. Point-of-care fluorescent detection of skin cancer had a clinically relevant sensitivity of 0.73 and corresponding specificity of 0.88. Importantly, clinicians were effectively trained to read fluorescent images within 15 minutes with reliability and confidence, resulting in sensitivities of 62%-78% and specificities of 92%-97%. Fluorescent imaging using 6qcNIR allows 100% tumor margin assessment by generating en face images that correlate with histology and may be used to overcome the limitations of conventional bread-loaf histology. The utility of 6qcNIR was validated in a busy real-world clinical setting, and clinicians were trained to effectively read fluorescent margins with a short guided instruction, highlighting clinical adaptability. When used in conventional excision, this approach may result in higher cure rates at a lower cost by allowing same-day reexcision when needed, reducing patient anxiety and improving compliance by expediting postsurgical specimen assessment. SIGNIFICANCE: A fluorescent-probe-tumor-visualization platform was developed and validated in human keratinocyte carcinoma excision specimens that may provide simple, rapid, and global assessment of margins during skin cancer excision, allowing same-day reexcision when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yiqiao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - InYoung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mark Biro
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sukanya Raj Iyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Harib Ezaldein
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey Scott
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Miesha Merati
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rachel Mistur
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Joshua J Yim
- Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Margaret Mann
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James P Basilion
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Fellow, National Foundation for Cancer Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel L Popkin
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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16045
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Angelopoulou E, Paudel YN, Piperi C. Unraveling the Role of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) and Its Ligands in Myasthenia Gravis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:663-673. [PMID: 32017530 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune T cell-dependent B cell-mediated disorder of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) characterized by fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness, most commonly attributed to pathogenic autoantibodies against postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). Although MG pathogenesis is well-documented, there are no objective biomarkers that could effectively correlate with disease severity or MG clinical subtypes, and current treatment approaches are often ineffective. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand cell-bound receptor highly implicated in proinflammatory responses and autoimmunity. Preclinical evidence demonstrates that RAGE and its ligand S100B are upregulated in rat models of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). S100B-mediated RAGE activation has been shown to exacerbate EAMG, by enhancing T cell proinflammatory responses, aggravating T helper (Th) subset imbalance, increasing AChR-specific T cell proliferative capacity, and promoting the production of antibodies against AChRs from the spleen. Soluble sRAGE and esRAGE, acting as decoys of RAGE ligands, are found to be significantly reduced in MG patients. Moreover, MG has been associated with increased serum levels of S100A12, S100B and HMGB1. Several studies have shown that the presence of thymic abnormalities, the onset age of MG, and the duration of the disease may affect the levels of these proteins in MG patients. Herein, we discuss the emerging role of RAGE and its ligands in MG immunopathogenesis, their clinical significance as promising biomarkers, as well as the potential therapeutic implications of targeting RAGE signaling in MG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 46150 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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16046
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Okano S, Yoshimura N, Sako M, Takazoe M. A case of refractory chronic pouchitis successfully treated with tofacitinib. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:560-3. [PMID: 32130659 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of refractory pouchitis successfully treated with tofacitinib. The patient was a 20-year-old woman diagnosed with ulcerative colitis at the age of 14 years. She underwent surgery at the age of 18 years for chronic active inflammation, despite an optimal medication regimen. Ten months after surgery, she was diagnosed with pouchitis. She did not respond to conventional conservative treatment; thus, the case was considered as that of refractory chronic pouchitis. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy was administered, which led to some improvement; however, pouchitis recurred. Systemic steroid and vedolizumab were also administered, but the response was unsatisfactory. Therefore, surgery was considered; however, the patient refused to undergo surgery. As identical therapies are recommended for ulcerative colitis and pouchitis, they are considered to have a common etiology. Therefore, we considered tofacitinib therapy in this case. After obtaining the patient's informed consent, tofacitinib treatment was initiated. The therapy led to improvement in her symptoms as well as in the appearance of the pouch when observed on endoscopy, and surgery was avoided. Thus, tofacitinib may be considered a therapy option for refractory chronic pouchitis.
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16047
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Ho V, Chung L, Singh A, Lea V, Abubakar A, Lim SH, Chua W, Ng W, Lee M, Roberts TL, de Souza P, Lee CS. Aberrant Expression of RAD52, Its Prognostic Impact in Rectal Cancer and Association with Poor Survival of Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051768. [PMID: 32143539 PMCID: PMC7084626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response enables cells to survive and maintain genome integrity. RAD52 is a DNA-binding protein involved in the homologous recombination in DNA repair, and is important for the maintenance of tumour genome integrity. We investigated possible correlations between RAD52 expression and cancer survival and response to preoperative radiotherapy. RAD52 expression was examined in tumour samples from 179 patients who underwent surgery for rectal cancer, including a sub-cohort of 40 patients who were treated with neoadjuvant therapy. A high score for RAD52 expression in the tumour centre was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS; p = 0.045). In contrast, reduced RAD52 expression in tumour centre samples from patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy (n = 40) significantly correlated with poor DFS (p = 0.025) and overall survival (OS; p = 0.048). Our results suggested that RAD52 may have clinical value as a prognostic marker of tumour response to neoadjuvant radiation and both disease-free status and overall survival in patients with rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Ho
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-4620-3845; Fax: +61-2-4520-3116
| | - Liping Chung
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (A.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Vivienne Lea
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (A.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Askar Abubakar
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Stephanie H. Lim
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre, Campbelltown Hospital, NSW 2560, Australia
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Wei Chua
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Weng Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Mark Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Tara L. Roberts
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Paul de Souza
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Cheok Soon Lee
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (A.S.); (V.L.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
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16048
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Hayler R, Clark J, Croxson G, Coulson S, Hussain G, Ngo Q, Ch'ng S, Low T(H. Sydney Facial Nerve Clinic: experience of a multidisciplinary team. ANZ J Surg 2020; 90:856-860. [DOI: 10.1111/ans.15782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Hayler
- Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Jonathan Clark
- Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Glen Croxson
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Susan Coulson
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
- School of PhysiotherapyThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Gazi Hussain
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand SurgeryConcord Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Quan Ngo
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Plastic SurgeryLiverpool Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Sydney Ch'ng
- Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Institute of Academic SurgeryThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Plastic SurgeryRoyal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Tsu‐Hui (Hubert) Low
- Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Facial Nerve ClinicChris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia
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16049
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Qian L, Su H, Wang G, Li B, Shen G, Gao Q. Anti-tumor Activity of Bufalin by Inhibiting c-MET Mediated MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways in Gallbladder Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:3114-3123. [PMID: 32231716 PMCID: PMC7097950 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the biliary tract. In recent years, the chemotherapy treatment for gallbladder carcinoma has exhibited obvious characteristics of drug resistance and insensitivity, and one of the main factors is the existence of cancer stem cells. Here in this study, the effect of Bufalin on gallbladder cancer (GBC-SD) cells and the related mechanism were studied. The results indicated that Bufalin could inhibit the growth of gallbladder carcinoma both in vivo and in vitro. According to the biological behavior analysis, Bufalin induced apoptosis, inhibited the propagation, migration and invasion of GBC-SD cells, and blocked cell cycle at the G2/M stage. Besides, Bufalin inhibited the tumor sphere formation capability of gallbladder carcinoma in matrigel, reduced the expression of multiple stemness-associated proteins, including Oct4, Sox2 and the stem cell-surface marker proteins CD133 and CD44. Western blot assay showed that Bufalin inhibited MEK/ERK and PI3-K/AKT signaling pathways by inhibiting the expression of p-c-Met, which in turn affected the expression of apoptosis-related protein Mcl-1, and the invasion-associated proteins E-cadherin, MMP9 and Snail. Bufalin was found to have an inhibitory effect on the GBC-SD cell growth and reduce the self-renewal and characteristic of gallbladder cancer stem cells. It enhanced the chemotherapeutic sensitivity and reduced the metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma. In conclusion, Bufalin can be used as a new promising anticancer drug for gallbladder cancer patients who are resistant to traditional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Haoyuan Su
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Genhai Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Quangen Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
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Soleymani F, Emadi R, Sadeghzade S, Tavangarian F. Bioactivity Behavior Evaluation of PCL-Chitosan-Nanobaghdadite Coating on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid. Coatings 2020; 10:231. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10030231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer–ceramic composite coatings on magnesium-based alloys have attracted lots of attention in recent years, to control the speed of degradability and to enhance bioactivity and biocompatibility. In this study, to decrease the corrosion rate in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for long periods, to control degradability, and to enhance bioactivity, polycaprolactone–chitosan composite coatings with different percentages of baghdadite (0 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%) were applied to an anodized AZ91 alloy. According to the results of the immersion test of the composite coating containing 3 wt.% baghdadite in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the corrosion rate decreased from 0.45 (for the AZ91 sample) to 0.11 mg/cm2·h after seven days of immersion. To evaluate the apatite formation capability of specimens, samples were immersed in an SBF solution. The results showed that the samples were bioactive as apatite layers formed on the surface of specimens. The composite coating containing 3 wt.% baghdadite showed the highest apatite-formation capability, with a controlled release of ions, and the lowest corrosion rate in the SBF.
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