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Gossmann E, Erlewein K, Hiller T, Mayer P, Sachser C, Clemens V, Fegert JM. The impact of abduction and hostage-taking on the mental health of children and adolescents: a scoping review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1217-1226. [PMID: 38265674 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gossmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany.
- Competence Area Mental Health Prevention in the Competence Network Preventive Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Katrin Erlewein
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
- Competence Area Mental Health Prevention in the Competence Network Preventive Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
| | - Therese Hiller
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
- Competence Area Mental Health Prevention in the Competence Network Preventive Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patricia Mayer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
- Competence Area Mental Health Prevention in the Competence Network Preventive Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cedric Sachser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
| | - Vera Clemens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
- Competence Area Mental Health Prevention in the Competence Network Preventive Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Ulm University, Steinhövelstrasse 5, 89073, Ulm, Germany
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Potegal M, Nordman JC. Non-angry aggressive arousal and angriffsberietschaft: A narrative review of the phenomenology and physiology of proactive/offensive aggression motivation and escalation in people and other animals. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 147:105110. [PMID: 36822384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Human aggression typologies largely correspond with those for other animals. While there may be no non-human equivalent of angry reactive aggression, we propose that human proactive aggression is similar to offense in other animals' dominance contests for territory or social status. Like predation/hunting, but unlike defense, offense and proactive aggression are positively reinforcing, involving dopamine release in accumbens. The drive these motivational states provide must suffice to overcome fear associated with initiating risky fights. We term the neural activity motivating proactive aggression "non-angry aggressive arousal", but use "angriffsberietschaft" for offense motivation in other animals to acknowledge possible differences. Temporal variation in angriffsberietschaft partitions fights into bouts; engendering reduced anti-predator vigilance, redirected aggression and motivational over-ride. Increased aggressive arousal drives threat-to-attack transitions, as in verbal-to-physical escalation and beyond that, into hyper-aggression. Proactive aggression and offense involve related neural activity states. Cingulate, insular and prefrontal cortices energize/modulate aggression through a subcortical core containing subnuclei for each aggression type. These proposals will deepen understanding of aggression across taxa, guiding prevention/intervention for human violence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob C Nordman
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA.
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