1
|
Antunes J, Gauthier Q, Aguiar-Pulido V, Duncan G, McCord B. A data-driven, high-throughput methodology to determine tissue-specific differentially methylated regions able to discriminate body fluids. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1168-1176. [PMID: 33570172 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-specific differentially methylated regions (tDMRs) are regions of the genome with methylation patterns that modulate gene expression in those tissue types. The detection of tDMRs in forensic evidence can permit the identification of body fluids at trace levels. In this report, we have performed a bioinformatic analysis of an existing array dataset to determine if new tDMRs could be identified for use in body fluid identification from forensic evidence. Once these sites were identified, primers were designed and bisulfite modification was performed. The relative methylation level for each body fluid at a given locus was then determined using qPCR with high-resolution melt analysis (HRM). After screening 127 tDMR's in multiple body fluids, we were able to identify four new markers able to discriminate blood (2 markers), vaginal epithelia (1 marker) and buccal cells (1 marker). One marker for each target body fluid was also tested with pyrosequencing showing results consistent with those obtained by HRM. This work successfully demonstrates the ability of in silico analysis to develop a novel set of tDMRs capable of being differentiated by real time PCR/HRM. The method can rapidly determine the body fluids left at crime scenes, assisting the triers of fact in forensic casework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Antunes
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Vanessa Aguiar-Pulido
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Miami, United States
| | - George Duncan
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Bruce McCord
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gounari E, Tsavdaridou V, Ioakeimidou A, Haidich AB, Skoura L. Evaluation of a 10color protocol as part of a 2tube screening panel for flow cytometric assessment of peripheral blood leukocytic subsets. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2019; 79:475-483. [PMID: 31497995 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1661007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral blood (PB) immunophenotyping is commonly required for initial evaluation of various suspected disease entities. Several approaches have been proposed. The objective of this work is to explore the value of a 10color protocol developed in our laboratory for flow cytometric assessment of PB leukocytic subsets, as part of a 2tube screening panel. A combination of CD16/CD56/CD34/CD33/CD19/CD4/CD8/CD3/CD20/CD45 antibodies in 1 tube was applied routinely during flow cytometric analysis of PB samples for diagnostic purposes. The protocol was systematically complemented by a 2nd tube with anti-kappa, anti-lambda, CD5, CD19, and CD45 antibodies for adults and selected pediatric patients, and specifically oriented panels when necessary. 25 samples with no detectable neoplastic PB involvement and 31 samples with a hematolymphoid disorder were investigated retrospectively. The contribution of CD33 in the separation of leukocytic populations, as well as the benefits from the simultaneous assessment of CD20/CD19/CD45, CD16/CD56 and the detection of CD34+ cells were examined. The gating strategy with the use of CD33 provided additional information in certain cases. The protocol enabled recognition of differential expression of CD20 and CD45 in CD19+ cells with chronic lymphocytic leukemia phenotype, overall evaluation of NK and NK like T cells, estimation of CD16- granulocytes and CD56/CD16 expression in monocytes, as well as identification of minor cell subsets, such as CD34+ cells. The proposed 10color combination of antibodies analyzed in a standardized manner can offer significant information in the initial evaluation of PB samples, thus, guiding subsequent investigation if needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Gounari
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology Laboratory, AHEPA University Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Vasiliki Tsavdaridou
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology Laboratory, AHEPA University Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Aliki Ioakeimidou
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology Laboratory, AHEPA University Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Anna-Bettina Haidich
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Lemonia Skoura
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology Laboratory, AHEPA University Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mantripragada VP, Piuzzi NS, George J, Bova W, Ng M, Boehm C, Muschler GF. Reliable assessment of bone marrow and bone marrow concentrates using automated hematology analyzer. Regen Med 2019; 14:639-646. [PMID: 31322050 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A limiting factor in advancement of bone marrow based cell therapies is the lack of characterization of cell products delivered to patients. Methods: Using an automated hematology analyzer that can be implemented in clinical setting, the composition of bone marrow aspirates (n = 17 patients) and bone marrow concentrates (n = 12 patients) were assessed. ICC estimates were calculated for measuring reliability. Results: Bone marrow aspirates assessment resulted in excellent reliability for determining white blood cells (ICC - 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92-0.99), red blood cells (ICC - 0.9; 95% CI: 0.77-0.96), platelets (ICC - 0.93; 95% CI: 0.85-0.97) composition. Bone marrow concentrate assessment resulted in excellent reliability for determining white blood cells (ICC - 0.97; 95% CI: 0.93-0.99), platelets (ICC - 0.95; 95% CI: 0.89-0.99) and moderate reliability for red blood cells (ICC - 0.66; 95% CI: 0.36-0.87) composition. Conclusion: Modern automated hematology analyzers could assist to better characterize the cell therapy products to provide reliable and consistent outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jaiben George
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wesley Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mitchell Ng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George F Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Magierowicz M, Lechevalier N, Freynet N, Pastoret C, Badaoui B, Ly-Sunnaram B, Fest T, Lacombe F, Wagner-Ballon O, Roussel M. Reference Values for WBC Differential by Hematoflow Analysis. Am J Clin Pathol 2019; 151:324-327. [PMID: 30383211 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqy147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives WBC differentials performed using flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies have been developed in the last decade and are nowadays integrated into the routine workflow of some laboratories. Definition of reference values for each population is required in order to achieve an automatic validation of the results by laboratory software. Methods We analyzed 584 samples from three hospitals using the Hematoflow solution to define the reference values. Results Reference values are presented for five groups according to age (0-5, 6-11, 12-19, 20-69, and >69 years). Conclusions These normal values will be helpful in the definition of relevant threshold for the automatic validation of samples analyzed by flow cytometry and the flagging of pathologic samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Magierowicz
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Lechevalier
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Freynet
- Département d’Hématologie et Immunologie Biologiques, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Cedric Pastoret
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Bouchra Badaoui
- Département d’Hématologie et Immunologie Biologiques, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Beatrice Ly-Sunnaram
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Rennes, France
- Inserm U1236, Microenvironment, Cell Differentiation, Immunology and Cancer, Université Rennes, Inserm, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Francis Lacombe
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Orianne Wagner-Ballon
- Département d’Hématologie et Immunologie Biologiques, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
- Inserm U955, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Mikael Roussel
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Rennes, France
- Inserm U1236, Microenvironment, Cell Differentiation, Immunology and Cancer, Université Rennes, Inserm, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Osman HA, Aly SS, Salah-Eldin EM, El-Masry MA, Hassan MH. Diagnostic validity of flow cytometry vs manual counting of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22395. [PMID: 29383775 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is frequently occurring infection among patients with liver cirrhosis, defined by polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytic count ≥250 cell/mm3 with or without a positive ascitic fluid (AF) bacterial culture. So, this study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of flow cytometry versus manual counting of ascitic fluid PMNL in cirrhotic patients, with clinical suspicion of SBP. METHODS A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 320 cirrhotic patients with clinical suspicion of SBP. Abdominal paracentesis was performed in all cases for microscopic manual and flow cytometry counting of PMNL. Anti-HLA-DR, anti-CD15, anti-CD16, and anti-CD45 monoclonal antibodies were used for flow cytometry method. RESULTS Flow cytometric PMNL count had 100% sensitivity and specificity, while manual PMNL count had a sensitivity of 65.52% and specificity of 90% with significant difference (P value < .05). CONCLUSION Flow cytometry is more reliable rapid method for PMNL counting, than the manual method that is less accurate and time-consuming in diagnosing clinically suspected SBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Ahmed Osman
- Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Sanaa Shaker Aly
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Eman M Salah-Eldin
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Abbas El-Masry
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed H Hassan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schnipper N, Stassen HH, Kallinich T, Sperling K, Hoffmann K. Image analysis of neutrophil nuclear morphology: Learning about phenotypic range and its reliable analysis from patients with pelger-Huët-anomaly and treated with colchicine. CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 92:541-549. [PMID: 27684937 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear morphology of neutrophils depends on different endogenous and exogenous factors, which can lead to hypo- or hypersegmentation of the normally 2-4 segmented nucleus. Hyposegmentation can be due to mutations in the LBR-gene (Pelger-Huët-Anomaly) or can be induced, for example, by colchicine treatment. The range of this phenotypic variation is known as "norm of reaction," which can be of major relevance for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. In this project, we studied the norm of reaction in 26 subjects with 0-3 wild type LBR alleles. In addition, the phenotypic variation was analyzed in 3 patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), before and after colchicine treatment. We measured the phenotype nuclear segmentation of neutrophils based on two conventional qualitative methods, the "rule of threads" and the "rule of thirds." In addition, we tested a morphometric quantitative approach, the "circularity index." The circularity index was superior in cases with hyposegmentation; the rule of thirds with respect to hypersegmentation. Approximately 65% of the observed phenotypic variance was explainable by the number of LBR wild type alleles. The gene-dosage effect followed a non-additive, hysteresis-like characteristic with lower and upper plateaus. Colchicine treatment had a clear, although minor phenotypic effect compared to the number of LBR wild type genes or the mutation type. Thus, the nuclear morphology of granulocytes and its norm of reaction can be regarded as an excellent model both for detailing the interplay between endogenous and exogenous factors and for clinical diagnostic purposes. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nele Schnipper
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, D-13353, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, D-06112, Germany
| | - Hans H Stassen
- Research Group "Psychiatric Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology," Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Tilmann Kallinich
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology and Interdisziplinäres Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, D-13353, Germany
| | - Karl Sperling
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, D-13353, Germany
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, D-06112, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wagner-Ballon O, Badaoui B, Brignoli A, Le Priol J, Roussel M. Evaluation of whole-blood conservation reagents for Hematoflow-based WBC differential count: Unsatisfactory results. Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 39:e127-e131. [PMID: 28656600 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Wagner-Ballon
- Département d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie biologiques, Hôpitaux universitaires Henri Mondor, Creteil, France.,UPEC, Creteil, France
| | - B Badaoui
- Département d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie biologiques, Hôpitaux universitaires Henri Mondor, Creteil, France.,UPEC, Creteil, France
| | - A Brignoli
- Département d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie biologiques, Hôpitaux universitaires Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
| | - J Le Priol
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - M Roussel
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France.,EFS Bretagne, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM, UMR U1236, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guy J, Wagner-Ballon O, Pages O, Bailly F, Borgeot J, Béné MC, Maynadié M. A 5-color flow cytometric method for extended 8-part leukocyte differential. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 92:498-507. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guy
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Dijon; Dijon France
| | - Orianne Wagner-Ballon
- Département d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie Biologiques; Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, UPEC, INSERM U955 IMRB; Créteil France
| | - Olivier Pages
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Dijon; Dijon France
| | - François Bailly
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Dijon; Dijon France
| | - Jessica Borgeot
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Dijon; Dijon France
| | - Marie-C Béné
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Marc Maynadié
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Dijon; Dijon France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kawai Y, Nagai Y, Ogawa E, Kondo H. Japanese Society for Laboratory Hematology flow cytometric reference method of determining the differential leukocyte count: external quality assurance using fresh blood samples. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 39:202-222. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Kawai
- The Standardization Subcommittee for Blood Cell Counting of the Japanese Society for Laboratory Hematology; Tokyo Japan
- International University of Health & Welfare; Sanno Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Nagai
- The Standardization Subcommittee for Blood Cell Counting of the Japanese Society for Laboratory Hematology; Tokyo Japan
- Nihon Kohden Corporation; IVD Operations; Tokyo Japan
- Kansai University of Health Sciences; Osaka Japan
| | - E. Ogawa
- The Standardization Subcommittee for Blood Cell Counting of the Japanese Society for Laboratory Hematology; Tokyo Japan
- Nippon Becton Dickinson Company, Ltd; BD, Biosciences; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Kondo
- The Standardization Subcommittee for Blood Cell Counting of the Japanese Society for Laboratory Hematology; Tokyo Japan
- Kansai University of Health Sciences; Osaka Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
van Vliet R, van den Tooren-de Groot HK, Van Rossum AP. Flow cytometric white blood differential using CytoDiff™ in the diagnosis of neonatal early-onset infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:2626-2632. [PMID: 27834108 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1260113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neonatal early-onset infection is a life-threatening disease, requiring early diagnosis and treatment. Newborns at risk are identified by a combination of risk factors, clinical signs of infection and laboratory parameters such as white blood cell count and C-reactive protein (CRP). This method is labor-intensive, time consuming and has a variable reproducibility. New reliable diagnostic markers are needed to identify neonatal infection. This study presents additional leukocyte differential parameters produced by the automated flow cytometry and processing software using CytoDiff™ reagent (Beckman Coulter) in newborns suspected for early-onset infection. METHODS An analytic prospective observational case-control study was performed in which 185 newborns were included and retrospectively allocated into two groups, "infection likely" and "infection unlikely". Leukocyte parameters of the CytoDiff™ technique were compared with microscopic slide differentiation and routine tests. RESULTS We showed significant lower numbers of monocytes, CD16(-) monocytes and lymphocytes (including T+/NK-lymphocytes) in neonates suspected for early-onset infection using CytoDiff™ technique. The manual counting did not demonstrate changes with respect to the number of monocytes in these neonates. CONCLUSIONS The automated routine CytoDiff™ leukocyte differential provides an interesting additional diagnostic tool, next to routine laboratory diagnostics, in the diagnosis of neonatal early-onset infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R van Vliet
- a Department of Paediatrics, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - A P Van Rossum
- b Department of Clinical Chemistry , Haaglanden Medical Center , The Hague , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Elfer KN, Sholl AB, Wang M, Tulman DB, Mandava SH, Lee BR, Brown JQ. DRAQ5 and Eosin ('D&E') as an Analog to Hematoxylin and Eosin for Rapid Fluorescence Histology of Fresh Tissues. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165530. [PMID: 27788264 PMCID: PMC5082869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Real-time on-site histopathology review of biopsy tissues at the point-of-procedure has great potential for significant clinical value and improved patient care. For instance, on-site review can aid in rapid screening of diagnostic biopsies to reduce false-negative results, or in quantitative assessment of biospecimen quality to increase the efficacy of downstream laboratory and histopathology analysis. However, the only currently available rapid pathology method, frozen section analysis (FSA), is too time- and labor-intensive for use in screening large quantities of biopsy tissues and is too destructive for maximum tissue conservation in multiple small needle core biopsies. In this work we demonstrate the spectrally-compatible combination of the nuclear stain DRAQ5 and the anionic counterstain eosin as a dual-component fluorescent staining analog to hematoxylin and eosin intended for use on fresh, unsectioned tissues. Combined with optical sectioning fluorescence microscopy and pseudo-coloring algorithms, DRAQ5 and eosin (“D&E”) enables very fast, non-destructive psuedohistological imaging of tissues at the point-of-acquisition with minimal tissue handling and processing. D&E was validated against H&E on a one-to-one basis on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and frozen section tissues of various human organs using standard epi-fluorescence microscopy, demonstrating high fidelity of the staining mechanism as an H&E analog. The method was then applied to fresh, whole 18G renal needle core biopsies and large needle core prostate biospecimen biopsies using fluorescence structured illumination optical sectioning microscopy. We demonstrate the ability to obtain high-resolution histology-like images of unsectioned, fresh tissues similar to subsequent H&E staining of the tissue. The application of D&E does not interfere with subsequent standard-of-care H&E staining and imaging, preserving the integrity of the tissue for thorough downstream analysis. These results indicate that this dual-stain pseudocoloring method could provide a real-time histology-like image at the time of acquisition and valuable objective tissue analysis for the clinician at the time of service.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N. Elfer
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Sholl
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Mei Wang
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - David B. Tulman
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Sree H. Mandava
- Dept. of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Benjamin R. Lee
- Dept. of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - J. Quincy Brown
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
van de Geijn GJM, Denker S, Meuleman-van Waning V, Koeleman HGM, Birnie E, Braunstahl GJ, Njo TL. Evaluation of new laboratory tests to discriminate bacterial from nonbacterial chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:616-628. [PMID: 27459873 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTIONS Discriminating bacterial from nonbacterial acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is difficult, causing antibiotics overuse and bacterial resistance. Sputum cultures are of limited use because results take time. In our hospital, only leukocyte concentration and CRP are laboratory parameters evaluated in AECOPD. We evaluated additional tests to discriminate bacterial vs. nonbacterial AECOPD: 5-part leukocyte differentiation (hematology analyzer), leukocyte differentiation using flow cytometry (Leukoflow, Cytodiff), Leuko64 kit, and procalcitonin. METHODS Retrospectively, patients were classified as bacterial or nonbacterial AECOPD. ROC analyses tested how the additional tests discriminate these groups. RESULTS Twenty-two AECOPD were classified as bacterial and 23 as nonbacterial. From the additional tests, basophil percentage (Cytodiff) has superior AUC (0.800). At a cutoff resulting in ≥90% sensitivity, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (AUC:0.755) and CD4-positive T cells (Leukoflow, AUC:0.747) have the highest specificity (57%). Both neutrophil mean volume and standard deviation (Cell Population Data, DxH800 hematology analyzer) had good combined sensitivity and specificity (AUC:0.846/0.804, 91% sensitivity, 69% specificity). Addition of leukocyte populations and procalcitonin to CRP in regression models (AUC: 0.907/0.876/0.890) increased specificity compared to CRP alone (71% or 73% vs. 39%). CONCLUSION No additional test has sufficient accuracy on its own to predict bacterial AECOPD. Combining CRP with several parameters from the additional tests may improve this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G-J M van de Geijn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL), Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Denker
- Department of Pulmonology/Internal Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Meuleman-van Waning
- Department of Pulmonology/Internal Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H G M Koeleman
- Department of Microbiology, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Birnie
- Department of Statistics and Education, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G-J Braunstahl
- Department of Pulmonology/Internal Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T L Njo
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL), Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jacob MC, Souvignet A, Pont J, Solly F, Mondet J, Kesr S, Pernollet M, Dumestre-Perard C, Campos L, Cesbron JY. One tube with eight antibodies for 14-part bone marrow leukocyte differential using flow cytometry. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2016; 92:299-309. [PMID: 26990701 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow analysis by flow cytometry is part of the routine diagnosis of hematological disorders in medical laboratories. Differential leukocyte count and identification of abnormal cell subsets is currently performed through morphological examination on bone marrow smears by skilled cytologists. In this work, we propose a single 8-color tube for providing equivalent information, using flow cytometry. METHODS 99 bone marrow samples were classified into 2 groups, (i) 51 samples, obtained from either healthy donors (n = 4) or patients with various diseases at diagnosis or during remission that did not present a hematological malignancy (n = 47), and (ii) 48 pathological samples with quantitative and/or qualitative abnormalities. A panel of eight antibodies-CD3-FITC/CD10-PE/CD38-PerCP-Cy5.5/CD19-PECy7/CD36-APC/CD16-APC-H7/CD34-BV421/CD45-V500-was tested to identify the main cell subsets at different stages of maturation using a FACSCanto-II analyzer. RESULTS We first proposed a strategy of sequential gating leading to the identification of 14 leukocyte subsets, that is, erythroblasts, monocytes, B-lymphoid cells from hematogones to plasma-cells (5 subsets), T- and NK-cells, polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), myeloblasts and other immature granular cells. This approach was validated by comparing flow cytometry and microscopic morphological examination, both in cases of normal and abnormal samples. Interestingly, cell identification, and numeration by flow cytometry was easy to perform and highly reproducible. CONCLUSION A very simple, rapid, and reproducible flow cytometric approach, using a combination of eight antibodies allows determination of the cellular composition of bone marrow with high precision. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Jacob
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France.,CNRS UMR 5309 and INSERM, U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble, 38706, France.,Department of Immunology CHU Grenoble, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Alice Souvignet
- Department of Immunology CHU Grenoble, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Julie Pont
- Department of Hematology, CHU Grenoble, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Françoise Solly
- Department of Hematology, CHU Saint Etienne, Saint Priest en Jarez, F-42270, France
| | - Julie Mondet
- Department of Hematology, CHU Grenoble, La Tronche, F-38700, France.,Therex, TIMC-IMAG, CNRS Université Joseph Fourier, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Sanae Kesr
- Université Paris Diderot-CHU Saint Etienne, Saint Priest en Jarez, F-42270, France
| | | | | | - Lydia Campos
- Department of Hematology, CHU Saint Etienne, Saint Priest en Jarez, F-42270, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Allou K, Vial JP, Béné MC, Lacombe F. The routine leukocyte differential flow cytometry HematoFlow™ method: A new flagging system for automatic validation. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2015; 88:375-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoutar Allou
- University Hospital of Bordeaux, Haut Lévêque Hospital; Pessac France
| | | | | | - Francis Lacombe
- University Hospital of Bordeaux, Haut Lévêque Hospital; Pessac France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Trend S, de Jong E, Lloyd ML, Kok CH, Richmond P, Doherty DA, Simmer K, Kakulas F, Strunk T, Currie A. Leukocyte Populations in Human Preterm and Term Breast Milk Identified by Multicolour Flow Cytometry. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135580. [PMID: 26288195 PMCID: PMC4545889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extremely preterm infants are highly susceptible to bacterial infections but breast milk provides some protection. It is unknown if leukocyte numbers and subsets in milk differ between term and preterm breast milk. This study serially characterised leukocyte populations in breast milk of mothers of preterm and term infants using multicolour flow cytometry methods for extended differential leukocyte counts in blood. Methods Sixty mothers of extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestational age), very preterm (28–31 wk), and moderately preterm (32–36 wk), as well as term (37–41 wk) infants were recruited. Colostrum (d2–5), transitional (d8–12) and mature milk (d26–30) samples were collected, cells isolated, and leukocyte subsets analysed using flow cytometry. Results The major CD45+ leukocyte populations circulating in blood were also detectable in breast milk but at different frequencies. Progression of lactation was associated with decreasing CD45+ leukocyte concentration, as well as increases in the relative frequencies of neutrophils and immature granulocytes, and decreases in the relative frequencies of eosinophils, myeloid and B cell precursors, and CD16- monocytes. No differences were observed between preterm and term breast milk in leukocyte concentration, though minor differences between preterm groups in some leukocyte frequencies were observed. Conclusions Flow cytometry is a useful tool to identify and quantify leukocyte subsets in breast milk. The stage of lactation is associated with major changes in milk leukocyte composition in this population. Fresh preterm breast milk is not deficient in leukocytes, but shorter gestation may be associated with minor differences in leukocyte subset frequencies in preterm compared to term breast milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Trend
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emma de Jong
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Megan L. Lloyd
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chooi Heen Kok
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Neonatal Clinical Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Richmond
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dorota A. Doherty
- School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Simmer
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Neonatal Clinical Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Foteini Kakulas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Tobias Strunk
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Neonatal Clinical Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Currie
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cottard A, Wagner-Ballon O, Le Priol J, Azzaoui I, Ly-Sunarram B, Fest T, Roussel M. Improvement of the leukocyte differential performed by flow cytometry using the advanced 2.0 version of the CytoDiff CXP software. Cytometry A 2014; 85:653-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Cottard
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie; F-35033 Rennes France
| | - Orianne Wagner-Ballon
- CHU Henri Mondor, APHP, Département d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie Biologiques; F-94000 Créteil France
- UPEC; F-94000 Créteil France
| | - Jerome Le Priol
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie; F-35033 Rennes France
| | - Imane Azzaoui
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie; F-35033 Rennes France
| | | | - Thierry Fest
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie; F-35033 Rennes France
- INSERM, U917; F-35043 Rennes France
| | - Mikael Roussel
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie; F-35033 Rennes France
- INSERM, U917; F-35043 Rennes France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Langevin SM, Houseman EA, Accomando WP, Koestler DC, Christensen BC, Nelson HH, Karagas MR, Marsit CJ, Wiencke JK, Kelsey KT. Leukocyte-adjusted epigenome-wide association studies of blood from solid tumor patients. Epigenetics 2014; 9:884-95. [PMID: 24671036 DOI: 10.4161/epi.28575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenome-wide studies of DNA methylation using blood-derived DNA from cancer patients are complicated by the heterogeneity of cell types within blood and the associated cell lineage specification of DNA methylation signatures. Here, we applied a novel set of analytic approaches to assess the association between cancer case-status and DNA methylation adjusted for leukocyte variation using blood specimens from three case-control cancer studies (bladder: 223 cases, 205 controls; head and neck: 92 cases, 92 controls; and ovarian: 131 cases, 274 controls). Using previously published data on leukocyte-specific CpG loci and a recently described approach to deconvolute subject-specific blood composition, we performed an epigenome-wide analysis to examine the association between blood-based DNA methylation patterns and each of the three aforementioned solid tumor types adjusted for cellular heterogeneity in blood. After adjusting for leukocyte profile in our epigenome-wide analysis, the omnibus association between case-status and methylation was significant for all three studies (bladder cancer: P = 0.047; HNSCC: P = 0.013; ovarian cancer: P = 0.0002). Subsequent analyses revealed that CpG sites associated with cancer were enriched for transcription factor binding motifs involved with cancer-associated pathways. These results support the existence of cancer-associated DNA methylation profiles in the blood of solid tumor patients that are independent of alterations in normal leukocyte distributions. Adoption of the methods developed here will make it feasible to rigorously assess the influence of variability of normal leukocyte profiles when investigating cancer related changes in blood-based epigenome-wide association studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Langevin
- Department of Environmental Health; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Epidemiology; Brown University; Providence, RI USA
| | - E Andres Houseman
- Department of Biostatistics; Oregon State University College of Public Health and Human Sciences; Corvallis, OR USA
| | - William P Accomando
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; Brown University; Providence, RI USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Community and Family Medicine; Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Dartmouth Medical School; Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Community and Family Medicine; Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Dartmouth Medical School; Lebanon, NH USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Dartmouth Medical School; Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Heather H Nelson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health; University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center; Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Community and Family Medicine; Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Dartmouth Medical School; Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Community and Family Medicine; Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Dartmouth Medical School; Lebanon, NH USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Dartmouth Medical School; Lebanon, NH USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology; Brown University; Providence, RI USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; Brown University; Providence, RI USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
van de Geijn GJM, van Gent M, van Pul-Bom N, Beunis MH, van Tilburg AJP, Njo TL. A new flow cytometric method for differential cell counting in ascitic fluid. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2014; 90:506-511. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gert-Jan M. van de Geijn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL); Sint Franciscus Gasthuis; 3045 PM Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marc van Gent
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL); Sint Franciscus Gasthuis; 3045 PM Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Natasja van Pul-Bom
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL); Sint Franciscus Gasthuis; 3045 PM Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marlène H. Beunis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL); Sint Franciscus Gasthuis; 3045 PM Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Antonie J. P. van Tilburg
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine; Sint Franciscus Gasthuis; 3045 PM Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tjin L. Njo
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL); Sint Franciscus Gasthuis; 3045 PM Rotterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hudig D, Hunter KW, Diamond WJ, Redelman D. Properties of human blood monocytes. I. CD91 expression and log orthogonal light scatter provide a robust method to identify monocytes that is more accurate than CD14 expression. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2013; 86:111-20. [PMID: 24591168 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to improve identification of human blood monocytes by using antibodies to molecules that occur consistently on all stages of monocyte development and differentiation. METHODS We examined blood samples from 200 healthy adults without clinically diagnosed immunological abnormalities by flow cytometry (FCM) with multiple combinations of antibodies and with a hematology analyzer (Beckman LH750). RESULTS CD91 (α2 -macroglobulin receptor) was expressed only by monocytes and to a consistent level among subjects [mean median fluorescence intensity (MFI) = 16.2 ± 3.2]. Notably, only 85.7 ± 5.82% of the CD91(+) monocytes expressed high levels of the classical monocyte marker CD14, with some CD91(+) CD16(+) cells having negligible CD14, indicating that substantial FCM under-counts will occur when monocytes are identified by high CD14. CD33 (receptor for sialyl conjugates) was co-expressed with CD91 on monocytes but CD33 expression varied by nearly ten-fold among subjects (mean MFI = 17.4 ± 7.7). In comparison to FCM analyses, the hematology analyzer systematically over-counted monocytes and eosinophils while lymphocyte and neutrophil differential values generally agreed with FCM methods. CONCLUSIONS CD91 is a better marker to identify monocytes than CD14 or CD33. Furthermore, FCM (with anti-CD91) identifies monocytes better than a currently used clinical CBC instrument. Use of anti-CD91 together with anti-CD14 and anti-CD16 supports the identification of the diagnostically significant monocyte populations with variable expression of CD14 and CD16.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Hudig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, 89557
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Flow cytometric detection of dyserythropoiesis: a sensitive and powerful diagnostic tool for myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2013; 27:1981-7. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
21
|
Sandes AF, Kerbauy DMB, Matarraz S, Chauffaille MDLLF, López A, Orfao A, Yamamoto M. Combined flow cytometric assessment of CD45, HLA-DR, CD34, and CD117 expression is a useful approach for reliable quantification of blast cells in myelodysplastic syndromes. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2013; 84:157-66. [PMID: 23475532 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of bone marrow (BM) blasts by cytomorphology is essential for the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Owing to its subjectivity and the potential impact of dysplastic features on accurate identification of blast cells, more objective approaches are required, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) being a particularly promising approach in this regard. However, no consensus exists about the optimal combination of markers and strategy to be used. METHODS BM blast counts from 74 MDS patients were evaluated by morphology versus four different MFC phenotypic criteria: "CD34⁺", "CD34⁺ and/or CD117⁺", "CD34⁺, and/or CD117⁺ HLA-DR⁺", and "CD34⁺ and CD117⁺ HLA-DR⁺ plus CD64⁺ CD14(-/lo) " cells. For each criterium, the percentage of blasts was calculated using either all BM nucleated cells or non-erythroid CD45⁺ cells as denominator. RESULTS.: The number of "CD34⁺ and/or CD117⁺ HLA-DR⁺"cells showed the highest correlation and agreement with morphological counts, only a minor proportion of cases being misclassified by MFC vs. morphology for the >5% and >10% classification thresholds. In turn, a CD34⁺ phenotype was insufficient to correctly identify and quantify blasts. Conversely, usage of non-erythroid BM cells as denominator, or inclusion of "CD34⁺ and/or CD117⁺ HLA-DR⁺ plus CD64⁺ CD14(-lo") cells were both associated with overestimated blast counts. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of "CD34⁺ and/or CD117⁺ HLA-DR⁺" cells (from all nucleated BM cells) by MFC is an efficient method for the enumeration of blasts in MDS. However, caution should be taken with replacing morphology by MFC blast counts; its combined use may rather provide complementary information increasing the accuracy and reproducibility of BM blast cell counts in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex F Sandes
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-EPM, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gac F, Thibert JB, Le Berre C, Le Priol J, Semana G, Fest T, Roussel M. Evaluation of CytoDiff™ on cord blood WBC differential. Int J Lab Hematol 2012; 35:46-54. [PMID: 22862853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2012.01460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An umbilical cord blood bank was recently opened in our institution as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells. Before inclusion of a cord blood in an international register, a WBC with differential is requested, among others. Currently, the reference method is the microscopic manual count, and we sought to evaluate the routine flow cytometric method (CytoDiff™) as an alternative. METHODS A total of 161 cord bloods were analyzed between November 2010 and February 2011. WBC differentials were determined for each sample, by (i) the cell counter (DxH800), (ii) a manual review, and (iii) the flow cytometry using the CytoDiff™ antibody cocktail. RESULTS Correlation coefficients between flow cytometry and microscopic count were satisfying for neutrophils, lymphocytes, and immature granulocytes and acceptable for eosinophils. On the other hand, we found lower correlation coefficient for basophils and monocytes. Monocytes' correlation was better when comparing flow cytometry with cell counter. CONCLUSION The flow cytometric approach is suitable to realize cord blood WBC differential and allows for the identification of additional cell subsets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Gac
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Roussel M, Davis BH, Fest T, Wood BL. Toward a reference method for leukocyte differential counts in blood: comparison of three flow cytometric candidate methods. Cytometry A 2012; 81:973-82. [PMID: 22736499 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A Complete Blood Count performed by an automated hematology analyzer frequently requires a microscopic slide review. Recently, we and others have proposed combinations of monoclonal antibodies for an extended leukocyte differential by flow cytometry. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of these proposals. Ninety-two samples were analyzed at 2 sites to compare the accuracy of three published methods. Reference methods used were i) cell counter for leukocyte count and ii) microscopic review as defined by CSLI H20-A2 for cell subsets. Comparison of flow cytometers from 2 manufacturers (FC500 and CANTO/LSRII) was performed. Published protocols were adapted to three different models of flow cytometer and each provided similar results in leukocyte subset enumeration, although some discrepancies were noted for each protocol in comparison with the reference method. The conclusion is that each protocol carries advantages and disadvantages and there is no clear "winner". This study supports the fact that flow cytometry is a candidate to become a reference method for the leukocyte differential. None of the tested protocols clearly demonstrated superiority and each had demonstrable deficiencies. Additional work to develop a consensual 8 to 10 color panel is concluded to be necessary for a satisfactory reference method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Roussel
- CHU de Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pole de Biologie, Rennes, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tanaka S, Saito Y, Kunisawa J, Kurashima Y, Wake T, Suzuki N, Shultz LD, Kiyono H, Ishikawa F. Development of mature and functional human myeloid subsets in hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NOD/SCID/IL2rγKO mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:6145-55. [PMID: 22611244 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1103660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although physiological development of human lymphoid subsets has become well documented in humanized mice, in vivo development of human myeloid subsets in a xenotransplantation setting has remained unevaluated. Therefore, we investigated in vivo differentiation and function of human myeloid subsets in NOD/SCID/IL2rγ(null) (NSG) mouse recipients transplanted with purified lineage(-)CD34(+)CD38(-) cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. At 4-6 mo posttransplantation, we identified the development of human neutrophils, basophils, mast cells, monocytes, and conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the recipient hematopoietic organs. The tissue distribution and morphology of these human myeloid cells were similar to those identified in humans. After cytokine stimulation in vitro, phosphorylation of STAT molecules was observed in neutrophils and monocytes. In vivo administration of human G-CSF resulted in the recruitment of human myeloid cells into the recipient circulation. Flow cytometry and confocal imaging demonstrated that human bone marrow monocytes and alveolar macrophages in the recipients displayed intact phagocytic function. Human bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages were further confirmed to exhibit phagocytosis and killing of Salmonella typhimurium upon IFN-γ stimulation. These findings demonstrate the development of mature and functionally intact human myeloid subsets in vivo in the NSG recipients. In vivo human myelopoiesis established in the NSG humanized mouse system may facilitate the investigation of human myeloid cell biology including in vivo analyses of infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
KIM JE, KIM BR, WOO KS, HAN JY. Evaluation of the leukocyte differential on a new automated flow cytometry hematology analyzer. Int J Lab Hematol 2012; 34:547-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2012.01432.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
26
|
Roussel M, Gros A, Gacouin A, Le Meur N, Le Tulzo Y, Fest T. Toward new insights on the white blood cell differential by flow cytometry: a proof of concept study on the sepsis model. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2012; 82:345-52. [PMID: 22508640 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to evaluate, on a model of sepsis, the clinical relevance of new parameters obtained on a white blood cell (WBC) differential by flow cytometry, implemented in the routine workflow of our hematology laboratory. METHODS A WBC with differential by flow cytometry was done on 459 patients at admission in intensive care unit. They were retrospectively categorized in having (i) infection or not or (ii) a high gravity score (severe sepsis or septic shock) or not. We analyzed by hierarchical clustering, in a multidimensional manner, 50 parameters provided by the flow cytometric platform in place of the standard seven parameters for a standard differential. RESULTS Our approach allows to discriminate on the basis of a WBC differential (i) infected patients at admission based on a 16 parameter signature, with a concordance rate of 72.7% and a specificity of 79.9% and (ii) patients with high gravity score (septic shock or severe sepsis) at admission with a signature of eight parameters, with a concordance rate of 74.7% and a specificity of 75.9%. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the clinical relevance of an extended WBC differential to obtain by a flow cytometer integrated into a routine hematology laboratory workflow. Development of such approach implicates the redefinition of the WBC differential by integrating new parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Roussel
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, F-35033 Rennes, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Harrington AM, Olteanu H, Kroft SH. A dissection of the CD45/side scatter "blast gate". Am J Clin Pathol 2012; 137:800-4. [PMID: 22523220 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpn4g1izpabrlh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CD45/side scatter (SS) gating is widely used for isolating blasts by flow cytometry (FC). However, other cells contaminate the "blast gate" (BG); CD45/SS gating is thus imprecise, particularly when there are few blasts. We studied the BG contents in 21 myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), 14 myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), 7 chronic myelomonocytic leukemias (CMMLs), and 40 nonneoplastic control samples using 4-color FC with cluster analysis. There were no significant differences across groups in the median percentage of BG events represented by blasts (14.7%-22%), granulocytes (23.3%-33.2%), lymphocytes (2.1%-3.2%), and erythroids (1.0%-9.8%). Monocytes were a larger percentage of BG events in CMML (24.2%). Basophils averaged 35.4% of the BG in MPNs. The percentage of blasts within the BG averaged 94.2% in control samples vs 88.2% in MDSs and 80.7% in CMMLs. Blasts averaged about 20% of events in the BG. About 10% to 20% of blasts fell outside the BG in CMMLs and MDSs. Our data highlight pitfalls in using a traditional BG for blast analysis in nonacute myeloid disorders.
Collapse
|
28
|
Park J, Han K. Single-color multitarget flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies labeled with different intensities of the same fluorochrome. Ann Lab Med 2012; 32:171-6. [PMID: 22563550 PMCID: PMC3339295 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2012.32.3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We developed a single-color multitarget flow cytometry (SM-FC) assay, a single-tube assay with graded mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs). We evaluated the repeatability of SM-FC, and its correlation with multicolor flow cytometry (MFC), to assess its application as a routine FC assay. Methods We selected CD19, CD3, CD4, and CD8 as antigen targets to analyze a lymphocyte subset. MFIs were graded by adjusting monoclonal antibody (mAb) volumes to detect several cell populations. Dimly labeled mAb was prepared by decreasing mAb volume and the optimum diluted volume was determined by serial dilution. SM-FC repeatability was analyzed 10 times in 2 normal controls. The correlation between SM-FC and MFC was evaluated in 20 normal and 23 patient samples. Results CV values (0.8-5.0% and 1.3-4.1% in samples 1 and 2, respectively) acquired by SM-FC with CD3-fluorescein α-isothyocyanate (FITC)dim+CD4-FITCbright and with CD19-FITCdim+CD3-FITCbright showed good repeatability, comparable to that acquired by MFC (1.6-3.7% and 1.0-4.8% in samples 1 and 2, respectively). Excellent correlation was observed between the 2 methods in the 20 normal samples (B cells, T cells, non-Thelper cells, and Thelper cells; r2=0.87, 0.97, 0.97, and 0.98, respectively; P<0.05). There were also linear relationships between SM-FC with CD19-FITCdim+CD3-FITCbright and CD8-PEdim+CD4-PEbright, and MFC, in the 23 patient samples (B cells, T cells, Tcytotoxic cells, and Thelper cells; r2≥0.98, 0.99, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively; P<0.05). Conclusions The multicolor, single-tube SM-FC technique is a potential alternative tool for identifying a lymphocyte subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Westers TM, Ireland R, Kern W, Alhan C, Balleisen JS, Bettelheim P, Burbury K, Cullen M, Cutler JA, Della Porta MG, Dräger AM, Feuillard J, Font P, Germing U, Haase D, Johansson U, Kordasti S, Loken MR, Malcovati L, te Marvelde JG, Matarraz S, Milne T, Moshaver B, Mufti GJ, Ogata K, Orfao A, Porwit A, Psarra K, Richards SJ, Subirá D, Tindell V, Vallespi T, Valent P, van der Velden VHJ, de Witte TM, Wells DA, Zettl F, Béné MC, van de Loosdrecht AA. Standardization of flow cytometry in myelodysplastic syndromes: a report from an international consortium and the European LeukemiaNet Working Group. Leukemia 2012; 26:1730-41. [PMID: 22307178 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry (FC) is increasingly recognized as an important tool in the diagnosis and prognosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, validation of current assays and agreement upon the techniques are prerequisites for its widespread acceptance and application in clinical practice. Therefore, a working group was initiated (Amsterdam, 2008) to discuss and propose standards for FC in MDS. In 2009 and 2010, representatives from 23, mainly European, institutes participated in the second and third European LeukemiaNet (ELN) MDS workshops. In the present report, minimal requirements to analyze dysplasia are refined. The proposed core markers should enable a categorization of FC results in cytopenic patients as 'normal', 'suggestive of', or 'diagnostic of' MDS. An FC report should include a description of validated FC abnormalities such as aberrant marker expression on myeloid progenitors and, furthermore, dysgranulopoiesis and/or dysmonocytopoiesis, if at least two abnormalities are evidenced. The working group is dedicated to initiate further studies to establish robust diagnostic and prognostic FC panels in MDS. An ultimate goal is to refine and improve diagnosis and prognostic scoring systems. Finally, the working group stresses that FC should be part of an integrated diagnosis rather than a separate technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T M Westers
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Amundsen EK, Henriksson CE, Holthe MR, Urdal P. Is the blood basophil count sufficiently precise, accurate, and specific?: three automated hematology instruments and flow cytometry compared. Am J Clin Pathol 2012; 137:86-92. [PMID: 22180481 DOI: 10.1309/ajcp19bfthytmoro] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the performance of the basophil count of 3 hematology instruments with a flow cytometric method (FCM) in which CD123 and CD193 were used as basophil markers. By analyzing 112 patient samples, we found the ADVIA 120 (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Deerfield, IL) and CELL-DYN Sapphire (Abbott Diagnostics, Santa Clara, CA) to underestimate the number of basophils by approximately 50% and the Sysmex XE-2100 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) and ADVIA to overestimate the basophil count in some samples with pathologic leukocytes. All 3 instruments had large (25%-50%) analytic within-run coefficients of variation. Compared with the FCM, we found a relatively good correlation for the CELL-DYN basophil count (r = 0.81), an intermediate correlation for the Sysmex (r = 0.64), and a poor correlation for the ADVIA (r = 0.24). When excluding the 52 samples flagged for the presence of pathologic leukocytes, these correlations were found to be 0.84, 0.90, and 0.57, respectively. The basophil count of the 3 instruments is, at least presently, of unsatisfactory quality.
Collapse
|
31
|
Edward R. Red/far-red fluorescing DNA-specific anthraquinones for nucl:cyto segmentation and viability reporting in cell-based assays. Methods Enzymol 2012; 505:23-45. [PMID: 22289446 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-388448-0.00010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The advent and wide use of image-based, high-content screening assay formats demands reliable solutions for cellular compartment segmentation to track critical events-for example, those reported by GFP fusions within cell cycle control pathways, signaling pathways, protein translocations, and those associated with drug-induced toxicity such as mitochondrial membrane depolarization, plasma membrane permeabilization, and reactive oxygen species. To meet this need, a series of nuclear/cytoplasmic discriminating probes has been developed: the supravital dyes DRAQ5™ and CyTRAK Orange™ and most recently the viability dye DRAQ7™. These are all spectrally compatible with GFP reporters offering new solutions in imaging and cytometry. As red/far-red emitting dyes, they provide convenient fluorescent emission signatures which are spectrally separated from the majority of commonly used reporter proteins (e.g., eGFP, YFP, mRFP), and a wide range of fluorescent tags such as Alexafluor 488, fluorescein, and Cy2 and fluorescent functional probes used to report cell health status or demark organellar structures. In addition, they are not excited by UV wavelengths thus avoiding complications of the frequently seen pharmacophore UV-autofluorescence in drug discovery. Conversely, their preferential red excitation reduces interference by biological sample autofluorescence. High water solubility and high-affinity DNA-binding properties provide a convenient means of stoichiometrically labeling cell nuclei in live cells without the aid of DMSO and can equally be used for fixed cells. Powerfully, they permit the simultaneous and differential labeling of both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments in live and fixed cells to clearly render the precise location of cell boundaries which may be beneficial for quantitative expression measurements, cell-cell interactions, and most recently compound in vitro toxicology testing. In one case, DRAQ7™, the core structure has been chemically derivatized to render it intact-cell-membrane impermeant. This far-red viability dye can be more widely combined with other fluorescent reporters to reveal temporally separated events and shows negligible cytotoxicity as determined by sensitive bioassays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Edward
- Biostatus Ltd, Shepshed, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
van de Geijn GJ, van Rees V, van Pul-Bom N, Birnie E, Janssen H, Pegels H, Beunis M, Njo T. Leukoflow: multiparameter extended white blood cell differentiation for routine analysis by flow cytometry. Cytometry A 2011; 79:694-706. [PMID: 21786418 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.21105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Differential white blood cell count (dWBC) is a frequently used diagnostic tool. For most patient samples an automated blood counter produces a five-part differential count. If this dWBC does not meet pre-set criteria, microscopic dWBC is performed. Microscopy is labor intensive and requires sustained training of technicians. Inter-observer variation and statistical variation are significant, due to limited numbers of cells counted. Flow cytometry is a candidate reference method for dWBC. Advantages are immunological definitions and large number of measured cells. Our goal was to replace (part of) the microscopic dWBC by a flow cytometric dWBC, that gives additional information on blasts, myeloid precursors, and lymphocyte subsets. We designed a cocktail of antibodies (CD4, CD14, CD34, CD16, CD56, CD19, CD45, CD138, CD3, and CD71) combined with a gating strategy and flow cytometric protocol for easy identification of leukocyte populations. This assay, called Leukoflow, requires low sample volume, has few manual handling steps, and a potential turn-around-time shorter than 2 h. We determine percentages and absolute concentrations of at least 13 different cell populations. For quantification of normoblasts a second flow cytometric staining was designed. We compared microscopic dWBC with that of the automated blood counter and Leukoflow for normal and abnormal blood samples. Leukoflow results correlate well with the automated blood counter for leukocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Correlation with manual dWBC is lower. Blast counts reported by Leukoflow suffer less from inter-observer variation compared to manual dWBC. In addition to microscopic or cytometric dWBC-techniques T-lymphocytes, CD4-T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, NK-cells, myeloid progenitors, plasma cells, and blasts are determined by Leukoflow. These populations give potential useful clinical information and are subject for future studies focusing on the additional clinical value. Leukoflow is a highly interesting and promising technique for clinical laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gert-Jan van de Geijn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (KCHL), Sint Franciscus Gasthuis, Kleiweg, PM Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jo Y, Kim SH, Koh K, Park J, Shim YB, Lim J, Kim Y, Park YJ, Han K. Reliable, accurate determination of the leukocyte differential of leukopenic samples by using Hematoflow method. Korean J Lab Med 2011; 31:131-7. [PMID: 21779183 PMCID: PMC3129340 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2011.31.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hematology analyzers may ineffectively recognize abnormal cells, and manual differential counts may be imprecise for leukopenic samples. We evaluated the efficacy of the Hematoflow method for determining the leukocyte differential in leukopenic samples and compared this method with the manual differential method. Methods We selected 249 blood samples from 167 patients with leukopenia (WBC counts, 500-2,000/µL) for analysis in this study. The EDTA-anticoagulated blood samples were analyzed using an automatic blood cell counter (DxH800; Beckman Coulter, USA) and flow cytometry (FC 500; Beckman Coulter) by using Cytodiff reagent and analysis software (Beckman Coulter). Hematoflow results were selected or calculated from DxH800 and Cytodiff results. Two trained pathologists performed a manual differential count by counting 50-100 cells. Results The precision of the Hematoflow method was superior to that of the manual method in counting 5 leukocyte subpopulations, immature granulocytes (IGs), and blasts. Blasts were detected in all 45 cases (100%) by Hematoflow. The correlation of the Cytodiff blast count to the reference count was high (r = 0.8325). For all other cell populations, the correlation of the Hematoflow results with the reference count was stronger than that of the other manual counts with the reference count. Conclusions The Hematoflow differential counting method is more reproducible and sensitive than manual counting, and is relatively easy to perform. In particular, this method detected leukemic blasts more sensitively than manual differential counts. The Hematoflow method is a very useful supplement to automated cell counting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Jo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ouk C, Jayat-Vignoles C, Donnard M, Feuillard J. Both CD62 and CD162 antibodies prevent formation of CD36-dependent platelets, rosettes, and artefactual pseudoexpression of platelet markers on white blood cells: A study with ImageStream®. Cytometry A 2011; 79:477-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.21050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
35
|
Mittag A, Tarnok A. Recent Advances in Cytometry Applications: Preclinical, Clinical, and Cell Biology. Methods Cell Biol 2011; 103:1-20. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385493-3.00001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Cherian S, Levin G, Lo WY, Mauck M, Kuhn D, Lee C, Wood BL. Evaluation of an 8-color flow cytometric reference method for white blood cell differential enumeration. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2010; 78:319-28. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
37
|
Roussel M, Benard C, Ly-Sunnaram B, Fest T. Refining the white blood cell differential: The first flow cytometry routine application. Cytometry A 2010; 77:552-63. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
38
|
Edward R. Use of DNA-specific anthraquinone dyes to directly reveal cytoplasmic and nuclear boundaries in live and fixed cells. Mol Cells 2009; 27:391-6. [PMID: 19390818 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-009-0066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Image-based, high-content screening assays demand solutions for image segmentation and cellular compartment encoding to track critical events--for example those reported by GFP fusions within mitosis, signalling pathways and protein translocations. To meet this need, a series of nuclear/cytoplasmic discriminating probes have been developed: DRAQ5 and CyTRAK Orange. These are spectrally compatible with GFP reporters offering new solutions in imaging and cytometry. At their most fundamental they provide a convenient fluorescent emission signature which is spectrally separated from the commonly used reporter proteins (e.g. eGFP, YFP, mRFP) and fluorescent tags such as Alexafluor 488, fluorescein and Cy2. Additionally, they do not excite in the UV and thus avoid the complications of compound UV-autofluorescence in drug discovery whilst limiting the impact of background sample autofluorescence. They provide a convenient means of stoichiometrically labelling cell nuclei in live cells without the aid of DMSO and can equally be used for fixed cells. Further developments have permitted the simultaneous and differential labelling of both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments in live and fixed cells to clearly render the precise location of cell boundaries which may be beneficial for quantitative expression measurements, cell-cell interactions and most recently compound in vitro toxicology testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Edward
- Biostatus Ltd, Shepshed, Leicestershire, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Brooimans RA, Kraan J, van Putten W, Cornelissen JJ, Löwenberg B, Gratama JW. Flow cytometric differential of leukocyte populations in normal bone marrow: Influence of peripheral blood contamination1. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2009; 76:18-26. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|