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Strnad Š, Vrkoslav V, Mengr A, Fabián O, Rybáček J, Kubánek M, Melenovský V, Maletínská L, Cvačka J. Thermal evaporation as sample preparation for silver-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of cholesterol in amyloid tissues. Analyst 2024; 149:3152-3160. [PMID: 38630503 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00181h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol plays an important biological role in the body, and its disruption in homeostasis and synthesis has been implicated in several diseases. Mapping the locations of cholesterol is crucial for gaining a better understanding of these conditions. Silver deposition has proven to be an effective method for analyzing cholesterol using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). We optimized and evaluated thermal evaporation as an alternative deposition technique to sputtering for silver deposition in MSI of cholesterol. A silver layer with a thickness of 6 nm provided an optimal combination of cholesterol signal intensity and mass resolution. The deposition of an ultrathin nanofilm of silver enabled high-resolution MSI with a pixel size of 10 μm. We used this optimized method to visualize the distribution of cholesterol in the senile plaques in the brains of APP/PS1 mice, a model that resembles Alzheimer's disease pathology. We found that cholesterol was evenly distributed across the frontal cortex tissue, with no evidence of plaque-like accumulation. Additionally, we investigated the presence and distribution of cholesterol in myocardial sections of a human heart affected by wild-type ATTR amyloidosis. We identified the presence of cholesterol in areas with amyloid deposition, but complete colocalization was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Strnad
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimír Vrkoslav
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Mengr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Fabián
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, 140 59, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rybáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Miloš Kubánek
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Griffiths WJ, Yutuc E, Wang Y. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Cholesterol and Oxysterols. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1440:73-87. [PMID: 38036876 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a new technique in the toolbox of the analytical biochemist. It allows the generation of a compound-specific image from a tissue slice where a measure of compound abundance is given pixel by pixel, usually displayed on a color scale. As mass spectra are recorded at each pixel, the data can be interrogated to generate images of multiple different compounds all in the same experiment. Mass spectrometry (MS) requires the ionization of analytes, but cholesterol and other neutral sterols tend to be poorly ionized by the techniques employed in most MSI experiments, so despite their high abundance in mammalian tissues, cholesterol is poorly represented in the MSI literature. In this chapter, we discuss some of the MSI studies where cholesterol has been imaged and introduce newer methods for its analysis by MSI. Disturbed cholesterol metabolism is linked to many disorders, and the potential of MSI to study cholesterol, its precursors, and its metabolites in animal models and from human biopsies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eylan Yutuc
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
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3
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Fournelle F, Lauzon N, Yang E, Chaurand P. Metal-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry for Biological and Forensic Applications. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nezhad ZS, Salazar JP, Pryce RS, Munter LM, Chaurand P. Absolute quantification of cholesterol from thin tissue sections by silver-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6947-6954. [PMID: 35953724 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential to all animal life, and its dysregulation is observed in many diseases. For some of these, the precise determination of cholesterol's histological location and absolute abundance at cellular length scales within tissue samples would open the door to a more fundamental understanding of the role of cholesterol in disease onset and progression. We have developed a fast and simple method for absolute quantification of cholesterol within brain samples based on the sensitive detection and mapping of cholesterol by silver-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AgLDI MSI) from thin tissue sections. Reproducible calibration curves were generated by depositing a range of cholesterol-D7 concentrations on brain homogenate tissue sections combined with the homogeneous spray deposition of a non-animal steroid reference standard detectable by AgLDI MSI to minimize experimental variability. Results obtained from serial brain sections gave consistent cholesterol quantitative values in very good agreement with those obtained with other mass spectrometry-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zari Saadati Nezhad
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Salazar
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Rachel S Pryce
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Lisa M Munter
- Dept of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Chaurand
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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5
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The Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) raises Cholesterol Levels in the Brain. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100260. [PMID: 35921880 PMCID: PMC9464954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a lipid transfer protein responsible for the exchange of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides between lipoproteins. Decreased CETP activity is associated with longevity, cardiovascular health, and maintenance of good cognitive performance. Interestingly, mice lack the CETP-encoding gene and have very low levels of LDL particles compared with humans. Currently, the molecular mechanisms induced because of CETP activity are not clear. To understand how CETP activity affects the brain, we utilized CETP transgenic (CETPtg) mice that show elevated LDL levels upon induction of CETP expression through a high-cholesterol diet. CETPtg mice on a high-cholesterol diet showed up to 22% higher cholesterol levels in the brain. Using a microarray on mostly astrocyte-derived mRNA, we found that this cholesterol increase is likely not because of elevated de novo synthesis of cholesterol. However, cholesterol efflux is decreased in CETPtg mice along with an upregulation of the complement factor C1Q, which plays a role in neuronal cholesterol clearance. Our data suggest that CETP activity affects brain health through modulating cholesterol distribution and clearance. Therefore, we propose that CETPtg mice constitute a valuable research tool to investigate the impact of cholesterol metabolism on brain function.
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Müller WH, Verdin A, De Pauw E, Malherbe C, Eppe G. Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging: A review. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:373-420. [PMID: 33174287 PMCID: PMC9292874 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) has attracted increasing interest due to its unique capabilities, achievable through the nanostructured substrates used to promote the analyte desorption/ionization. While the most widely recognized asset of SALDI-MS is the untargeted analysis of small molecules, this technique also offers the possibility of targeted approaches. In particular, the implementation of SALDI-MS imaging (SALDI-MSI), which is the focus of this review, opens up new opportunities. After a brief discussion of the nomenclature and the fundamental mechanisms associated with this technique, which are still highly controversial, the analytical strategies to perform SALDI-MSI are extensively discussed. Emphasis is placed on the sample preparation but also on the selection of the nanosubstrate (in terms of chemical composition and morphology) as well as its functionalization possibilities for the selective analysis of specific compounds in targeted approaches. Subsequently, some selected applications of SALDI-MSI in various fields (i.e., biomedical, biological, environmental, and forensic) are presented. The strengths and the remaining limitations of SALDI-MSI are finally summarized in the conclusion and some perspectives of this technique, which has a bright future, are proposed in this section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy H. Müller
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Alexandre Verdin
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Cedric Malherbe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
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Yang TL, Huang CL, Lee CP. Utilizing AgNPt-SALDI to Classify Edible Oils by Multivariate Statistics of Triacylglycerol Profile. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195880. [PMID: 34641425 PMCID: PMC8510378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible oils are valuable sources of nutrients, and their classification is necessary to ensure high quality, which is essential to food safety. This study reports the establishment of a rapid and straightforward SALDI-TOF MS platform used to detect triacylglycerol (TAG) in various edible oils. Silver nanoplates (AgNPts) were used to optimize the SALDI samples for high sensitivity and reproducibility of TAG signals. TAG fingerprints were combined with multivariate statistics to identify the critical features of edible oil discrimination. Eleven various edible oils were discriminated using principal component analysis (PCA). The results suggested the creation of a robust platform that can examine food adulteration and food fraud, potentially ensuring high-quality foods and agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ling Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan; (T.-L.Y.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Cheng-Liang Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan; (T.-L.Y.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Chu-Ping Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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8
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Hu W, Han Y, Sheng Y, Wang Y, Pan Q, Nie H. Mass spectrometry imaging for direct visualization of components in plants tissues. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3462-3476. [PMID: 34245221 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is considered the most informative technique for components identification and has been widely adopted in plant sciences. However, the spatial distribution of compounds in the plant, which is vital for the exploration of plant physiological mechanisms, is missed in MS analysis. In recent years, mass spectrometry imaging has brought a great breakthrough in plant analysis because it can determine both the molecular compositions and spatial distributions, which is conducive to understand functions and regulation pathways of specific components in plants. Mass spectrometry imaging analysis of plant tissue is toward high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, and even single-cell analysis. Despite many challenges and technical barriers, such as difficulties of sample pretreatment caused by morphological diversity of plant tissues, obstacles for high spatial resolution imaging, and so on, lots of researches have contributed to remarkable progress, including improvement in tissue preparation, matrix innovation, and ionization mode development. This review focuses on the advances of mass spectrometry imaging analysis of plants in the last 5 years, including commonly used ionization techniques, technical advances, and recent applications of mass spectrometry imaging in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yehua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yiqi Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
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9
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Müller WH, De Pauw E, Far J, Malherbe C, Eppe G. Imaging lipids in biological samples with surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: A concise review of the last decade. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 83:101114. [PMID: 34217733 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Knowing the spatial location of the lipid species present in biological samples is of paramount importance for the elucidation of pathological and physiological processes. In this context, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as a powerful technology allowing the visualization of the spatial distributions of biomolecules, including lipids, in complex biological samples. Among the different ionization methods available, the emerging surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) MSI offers unique capabilities for the study of lipids. This review describes the specific advantages of SALDI-MSI for lipid analysis, including the ability to perform analyses in both ionization modes with the same nanosubstrate, the detection of lipids characterized by low ionization efficiency in MALDI-MS, and the possibilities of surface modification to improve the detection of lipids. The complementarity of SALDI and MALDI-MSI is also discussed. Finally, this review presents data processing strategies applied in SALDI-MSI of lipids, as well as examples of applications of SALDI-MSI in biomedical lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy H Müller
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys RU, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août, 11 - Quartier Agora, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys RU, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août, 11 - Quartier Agora, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys RU, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août, 11 - Quartier Agora, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cedric Malherbe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys RU, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août, 11 - Quartier Agora, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys RU, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août, 11 - Quartier Agora, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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10
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Chen C, Laviolette SR, Whitehead SN, Renaud JB, Yeung KKC. Imaging of Neurotransmitters and Small Molecules in Brain Tissues Using Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Assisted with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1065-1079. [PMID: 33783203 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanostructured materials such as silicon, carbon, metals, and metal oxides have been explored as matrices of low-background signals to assist the laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of small molecules, but their applications for imaging of small molecules in biological tissues remain limited in the literature. Titanium dioxide is one of the known nanoparticles (NP) that can effectively assist LDI MS imaging of low molecular weight molecules (LMWM). TiO2 NP is commercially available as dispersions, which can be applied using a chemical solution sprayer. However, aggregation of NP can occur in the dispersions, and the aggregated NP can slowly clog the sprayer nozzle. In this work, the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) NP for LDI MS imaging is investigated as a superior alternative due to its dissolution in acidic pH. ZnO NP was found to deliver similar or better results in the imaging of LMWM in comparison to TiO2 NP. The regular acid washes were effective in minimizing clogging and maintaining high reproducibility. High-quality images of mouse sagittal and rat coronal tissue sections were obtained. Ions were detected predominately as Na+ or K+ adducts in the positive ion mode. The number of LMWM detected with ZnO NP was similar to that obtained with TiO2 NP, and only a small degree of specificity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Justin B Renaud
- London Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5 V 4T3, Canada
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11
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Bien T, Hambleton EA, Dreisewerd K, Soltwisch J. Molecular insights into symbiosis-mapping sterols in a marine flatworm-algae-system using high spatial resolution MALDI-2-MS imaging with ion mobility separation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:2767-2777. [PMID: 33274397 PMCID: PMC8007520 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Waminoa sp. acoel flatworms hosting Symbiodiniaceae and the related Amphidinium dinoflagellate algae are an interesting model system for symbiosis in marine environments. While the host provides a microhabitat and safety, the algae power the system by photosynthesis and supply the worm with nutrients. Among these nutrients are sterols, including cholesterol and numerous phytosterols. While it is widely accepted that these compounds are produced by the symbiotic dinoflagellates, their transfer to and fate within the sterol-auxotrophic Waminoa worm host as well as their role in its metabolism are unknown. Here we used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging combined with laser-induced post-ionization and trapped ion mobility spectrometry (MALDI-2-TIMS-MSI) to map the spatial distribution of over 30 different sterol species in sections of the symbiotic system. The use of laser post-ionization crucially increased ion yields and allowed the recording of images with a pixel size of 5 μm. Trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) helped with the tentative assignment of over 30 sterol species. Correlation with anatomical features of the worm, revealed by host-derived phospholipid signals, and the location of the dinoflagellates, revealed by chlorophyll a signal, disclosed peculiar differences in the distribution of different sterol species (e.g. of cholesterol versus stigmasterol) within the receiving host. These findings point to sterol species-specific roles in the metabolism of Waminoa beyond a mere source of energy. They also underline the value of the MALDI-2-TIMS-MSI method to future research in the spatially resolved analysis of sterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bien
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Hambleton
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Soltwisch
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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12
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McLaughlin N, Bielinski TM, Tressler CM, Barton E, Glunde K, Stumpo KA. Pneumatically Sprayed Gold Nanoparticles for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Neurotransmitters. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2452-2461. [PMID: 32841002 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is an approach that has demonstrated broad applicability to ionization of different classes of molecules. Here, we show a simple AuNP-based approach for the ionization of neurotransmitters. Specifically, the detection of acetylcholine, dopamine, epinephrine, glutamine, 4-aminobutyric acid, norepinephrine, octopamine, and serotonin was achieved at physiologically relevant concentrations in serum and homogenized tissue. Additionally, pneumatic spraying of AuNPs onto tissue sections facilitated mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of rabbit brain tissue sections, zebrafish embryos, and neuroblastoma cells for several neurotransmitters simultaneously using this quick and simple sample preparation. AuNP LDI-MS achieved mapping of neurotransmitters in fine structures of zebrafish embryos and neuroblastoma cells at a lateral spatial resolution of 5 μm. The use of AuNPs to ionize small aminergic neurotransmitters in situ provides a fast, high-spatial resolution method for simultaneous detection of a class of molecules that typically evade comprehensive detection with traditional matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan McLaughlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
| | - Tyler M Bielinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
| | - Caitlin M Tressler
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Eric Barton
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Kristine Glunde
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Katherine A Stumpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
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Xu W, Lin J, Gao M, Chen Y, Cao J, Pu J, Huang L, Zhao J, Qian K. Rapid Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Stroke by Serum Metabolic Fingerprint Based Multi-Modal Recognition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002021. [PMID: 33173737 PMCID: PMC7610260 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, expected to result in 61 million disability-adjusted life-years in 2020. Rapid diagnostics is the core of stroke management for early prevention and medical treatment. Serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) reflect underlying disease progression, predictive of patient phenotypes. Deep learning (DL) encoding SMFs with clinical indexes outperforms single biomarkers, while posing challenges with poor prediction to interpret by feature selection. Herein, rapid computer-aided diagnosis of stroke is performed using SMF based multi-modal recognition by DL, to combine adaptive machine learning with a novel feature selection approach. SMFs are extracted by nano-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS), consuming 100 nL of serum in seconds. A multi-modal recognition is constructed by integrating SMFs and clinical indexes with an enhanced area under curve (AUC) up to 0.845 for stroke screening, compared to single-modal diagnosis by only SMFs or clinical indexes. The prediction of DL is addressed by selecting 20 key metabolite features with differential regulation through a saliency map approach, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms in stroke. The approach highlights the emerging role of DL in precision medicine and suggests an expanding utility for computational analysis of SMFs in stroke screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Jixian Lin
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan University170 Xinsong RoadShanghai201199P. R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Management Science and EngineeringDongbei University of Finance and EconomicsDalian116025P. R. China
- Center for Post‐doctoral Studies of Computer ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- School of Management Science and EngineeringDongbei University of Finance and EconomicsDalian116025P. R. China
- Center for Post‐doctoral Studies of Computer ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819P. R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Jun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Stem Cell Research CenterRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan University170 Xinsong RoadShanghai201199P. R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
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Baquer G, Sementé L, García-Altares M, Lee YJ, Chaurand P, Correig X, Ràfols P. rMSIcleanup: an open-source tool for matrix-related peak annotation in mass spectrometry imaging and its application to silver-assisted laser desorption/ionization. J Cheminform 2020; 12:45. [PMID: 33431000 PMCID: PMC7374922 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-020-00449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a mature, widespread analytical technique to perform non-targeted spatial metabolomics. However, the compounds used to promote desorption and ionization of the analyte during acquisition cause spectral interferences in the low mass range that hinder downstream data processing in metabolomics applications. Thus, it is advisable to annotate and remove matrix-related peaks to reduce the number of redundant and non-biologically-relevant variables in the dataset. We have developed rMSIcleanup, an open-source R package to annotate and remove signals from the matrix, according to the matrix chemical composition and the spatial distribution of its ions. To validate the annotation method, rMSIcleanup was challenged with several images acquired using silver-assisted laser desorption ionization MSI (AgLDI MSI). The algorithm was able to correctly classify m/z signals related to silver clusters. Visual exploration of the data using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that annotation and removal of matrix-related signals improved spectral data post-processing. The results highlight the need for including matrix-related peak annotation tools such as rMSIcleanup in MSI workflows.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Baquer
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluc Sementé
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María García-Altares
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain. .,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Pierre Chaurand
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Xavier Correig
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pere Ràfols
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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15
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Feider CL, Macias LA, Brodbelt JS, Eberlin LS. Double Bond Characterization of Free Fatty Acids Directly from Biological Tissues by Ultraviolet Photodissociation. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8386-8395. [PMID: 32421308 PMCID: PMC7433749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Free fatty acids (FA) are a vital component of cells and are critical to cellular structure and function, so much so that alterations in FA are often associated with cell malfunction and disease. Analysis of FA from biological samples can be achieved by mass spectrometry (MS), but these analyses are often not capable of distinguishing the fine structural alterations within FA isomers and often limited to global profiling of lipids without spatial resolution. Here, we present the use of ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) for the characterization of double bond positional isomers of charge inverted dication·FA complexes and the subsequent implementation of this method for online desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS imaging of FA isomers from human tissue sections. This method allows relative quantification of FA isomers from heterogeneous biological tissue sections, yielding spatially resolved information about alterations in double bond isomers within these samples. Applying this method to the analysis of the monounsaturated FA 18:1 within breast cancer subtypes uncovered a correlation between double bond positional isomer abundance and the hormone receptor status of the tissue sample, an important factor in the prognosis and treatment of breast cancer patients. This result further validates similar studies that suggest FA synthase activity and FA isomer abundances are significantly altered within breast cancer tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara L Feider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Luis A Macias
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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16
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Gas-aggregated Ag nanoparticles for detection of small molecules using LDI MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:1037-1047. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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