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Hussein N, Liew SM, Hanafi NS, Lee PY, Cheong AT, Ghazali SS, Chinna K, Pang YK, Kassim A, Parker RA, Schwarze J, Sheikh A, Pinnock H, Khoo EM. Asthma control and care among six public health clinic attenders in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1021. [PMID: 37152232 PMCID: PMC10154831 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Asthma is common in Malaysia but neglected. Achieving optimal asthma control and care is a challenge in the primary care setting. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for poor asthma control and pattern of care among adults and children (5-17 years old) with asthma attending six public health clinics in Klang District, Malaysia. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study collecting patients' sociodemographic characteristics, asthma control, trigger factors, healthcare use, asthma treatment, and monitoring and use of asthma action plan. Descriptive statistics and stepwise logistic regression were used in data analysis. Results A total of 1280 patients were recruited; 85.3% adults and 14.7% children aged 5-17 years old. Only 34.1% of adults had well-controlled asthma, 36.5% had partly controlled asthma, and 29.4% had uncontrolled asthma. In children, 54.3% had well-controlled asthma, 31.9% had partly controlled, and 13.8% had uncontrolled asthma. More than half had experienced one or more exacerbations in the last 1 year, with a mean of six exacerbations in adults and three in children. Main triggers for poor control in adults were haze (odds ratio [OR] 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-2.01); cold food (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.15-2.07), extreme emotion (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.26-2.89); air-conditioning (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.20-2.22); and physical activity (OR 2.85; 95% CI 2.13-3.82). In children, hot weather (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.22-8.11), and allergic rhinitis (OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.13-5.82) contributed to poor control. The majority (81.7% of adults and 64.4% of children) were prescribed controller medications, but only 42.4% and 29.8% of the respective groups were compliant with the treatment. The importance of an asthma action plan was reported less emphasized in asthma education. Conclusion Asthma control remains suboptimal. Several triggers, compliance to controller medications, and asthma action plan use require attention during asthma reviews for better asthma outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norita Hussein
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Su May Liew
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Nik Sherina Hanafi
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Ping Yein Lee
- UM eHealth Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Ai Theng Cheong
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSeri KembanganMalaysia
| | - Sazlina Shariff Ghazali
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSeri KembanganMalaysia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- Faculty of Business and ManagementUCSI UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Yong Kek Pang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Asiah Kassim
- Kuala Lumpur Women and Children Hospital, Ministry of HealthKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Richard A. Parker
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Respiratory Health (RESPIRE), Usher InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Child Life and Health, Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Respiratory Health (RESPIRE), Usher InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Hilary Pinnock
- NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Respiratory Health (RESPIRE), Usher InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Ee Ming Khoo
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
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Kam S, Hwang BJ, Parker ER. The impact of climate change on atopic dermatitis and mental health comorbidities: a review of the literature and examination of intersectionality. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:449-458. [PMID: 36639925 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, fueled by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, is associated with rising temperatures, extreme weather events, increased aeroallergen production, and air pollution. Our understanding that many inflammatory cutaneous diseases carry important mental health comorbidities is expanding. Simultaneously, the detrimental impacts of climate change on human health are now widely recognized as a global public health crisis. Importantly, these climate-associated phenomena exacerbate the environmental triggers of atopic dermatitis (AD) and are also associated with amplification of comorbid mental health conditions in AD including depression, anxiety, trauma-related disorders, and psychotic spectrum disorders. This review is the first to examine the nexus of climate change, atopic dermatitis, and mental health comorbidities and emphasizes the disproportionate impacts of climate change in vulnerable and marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Kam
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Barrington J Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eva R Parker
- Department of Dermatology and the Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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3
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Álvarez Castelló M, Almaguer Chávez M. Climate Change and Allergies. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89664-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Long-term pollen trends and associations between pollen phenology and seasonal climate in Atlanta, Georgia (1992-2018). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 127:471-480.e4. [PMID: 34311074 PMCID: PMC9936553 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has revealed that airborne pollen concentrations and phenology in allergenic plants are changing. In addition, variations in seasonal climate are known to affect pollen phenology in trees, weeds, and grasses. OBJECTIVE To investigate localized trends in pollen concentrations and pollen phenology over time and the effect of seasonal climate variations. METHODS We used daily pollen count concentrations from a National Allergy Bureau pollen counting station located in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, for 13 allergenic taxa. To evaluate long-term trends over time, we developed linear regression models for 6 pollen measures. To evaluate the effect of seasonal climate on phenology, we developed regression models using seasonal climate measures as independent variables and pollen measures as dependent variables. RESULTS For several tree pollen taxa, pollen concentrations increased over time, including oak and juniper pollen. In multiple species, pollen seasons trended toward an earlier release throughout the 27-year period. Variations in seasonal climate did have an effect on pollen counts and the timing of pollen release but varied by taxa. Generally, warmer spring temperatures were associated with an earlier pollen release. In addition, increased precipitation from the preceding fall was associated with increased pollen concentration in the spring months. CONCLUSION Allergenic pollen concentrations for several types of pollen are increasing and trending toward an earlier pollen release in Atlanta, Georgia. Warmer temperatures preceding the pollen season were associated with the earlier pollen release.
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D’Amato G, Chong‐Neto HJ, Monge Ortega OP, Vitale C, Ansotegui I, Rosario N, Haahtela T, Galan C, Pawankar R, Murrieta‐Aguttes M, Cecchi L, Bergmann C, Ridolo E, Ramon G, Gonzalez Diaz S, D’Amato M, Annesi‐Maesano I. The effects of climate change on respiratory allergy and asthma induced by pollen and mold allergens. Allergy 2020; 75:2219-2228. [PMID: 32589303 DOI: 10.1111/all.14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The impact of climate change on the environment, biosphere, and biodiversity has become more evident in the recent years. Human activities have increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and other greenhouse gases. Change in climate and the correlated global warming affects the quantity, intensity, and frequency of precipitation type as well as the frequency of extreme events such as heat waves, droughts, thunderstorms, floods, and hurricanes. Respiratory health can be particularly affected by climate change, which contributes to the development of allergic respiratory diseases and asthma. Pollen and mold allergens are able to trigger the release of pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators that accelerate the onset the IgE-mediated sensitization and of allergy. Allergy to pollen and pollen season at its beginning, in duration and intensity are altered by climate change. Studies showed that plants exhibit enhanced photosynthesis and reproductive effects and produce more pollen as a response to high atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2 ). Mold proliferation is increased by floods and rainy storms are responsible for severe asthma. Pollen and mold allergy is generally used to evaluate the interrelation between air pollution and allergic respiratory diseases, such as rhinitis and asthma. Thunderstorms during pollen seasons can cause exacerbation of respiratory allergy and asthma in patients with hay fever. A similar phenomenon is observed for molds. Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions can have positive health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro D’Amato
- Division of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Department of Chest Diseases High Specialty A. Cardarelli Hospital Napoli Italy
- Medical School of Specialization in Respiratory Diseases University on Naples Federico II Napoli Italy
| | | | | | - Carolina Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Salerno Baronissi Italy
| | - Ignacio Ansotegui
- Department of Allergy and Immunology Hospital Quirónsalud Bizkaia Erandio Bilbao Spain
| | - Nelson Rosario
- Allergy and Immunology Division Federal University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Carmen Galan
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology University of Cordoba Cordoba Spain
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Nippon Medical School Department of Pediatrics Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Department of SOS Allergy and Clinical Immunology USL Toscana Centro Prato Prato Italy
| | - Christian Bergmann
- Arzt für Lungen‐ und Bronchialheilkunde Innere Medizin Allergologie Klinik für Dermatologie Venerologie und Allergologie Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Erminia Ridolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Parma Parma Italy
| | - German Ramon
- Instituto de Alergia e Inmunología del Sur Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Sandra Gonzalez Diaz
- Titular Centro Regional de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon San Nicolás de los Garza Mexico
| | - Maria D’Amato
- First Division of Pneumology High Speciality Hospital ‘V. Monaldi’ and University ‘Federico II’ Medical School Naples Napoli Italy
| | - Isabella Annesi‐Maesano
- Research Director at the French NIH (INSERM) and Responsible of the EPAR Department IPLESP INSERM and Sorbonne University Paris France
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Schachtel A, Dyer JA, Boos MD. Climate change and pediatric skin health. Int J Womens Dermatol 2020; 7:85-90. [PMID: 33537397 PMCID: PMC7838241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Children are known to disproportionately bear the health impacts of climate change, particularly children living in impoverished areas. Owing to their developing physiology and immature metabolism, distinct exposure behaviors, and reliance on adults for care and protection, children are uniquely susceptible to the adverse effects of our warming planet. Herein, we summarize the known impacts of climate change on pediatric skin health, including its effects on atopic dermatitis, vector-borne and other infectious diseases, nutritional deficiencies, and psychodermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Schachtel
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jonathan A Dyer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Markus D Boos
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
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Di Cicco ME, Ferrante G, Amato D, Capizzi A, De Pieri C, Ferraro VA, Furno M, Tranchino V, La Grutta S. Climate Change and Childhood Respiratory Health: A Call to Action for Paediatricians. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5344. [PMID: 32722291 PMCID: PMC7432234 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Climate change (CC) is one of the main contributors to health emergencies worldwide. CC appears to be closely interrelated with air pollution, as some pollutants like carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and black carbon are naturally occurring greenhouse gases. Air pollution may enhance the allergenicity of some plants and, also, has an adverse effect on respiratory health. Children are a uniquely vulnerable group that suffers disproportionately from CC burden. The increasing global warming related to CC has a big impact on plants' lifecycles, with earlier and longer pollen seasons, as well as higher pollen production, putting children affected by asthma and allergic rhinitis at risk for exacerbations. Extreme weather events may play a role too, not only in the exacerbations of allergic respiratory diseases but, also, in favouring respiratory infections. Even though paediatricians are already seeing the impacts of CC on their patients, their knowledge about CC-related health outcomes with specific regards to children's respiratory health is incomplete. This advocates for paediatricians' increased awareness and a better understanding of the CC impact on children's respiratory health. Having a special responsibility for children, paediatricians should actively be involved in policies aimed to protect the next generation from CC-related adverse health effects. Hence, there is an urgent need for them to take action and successfully educate families about CC issues. This paper aims at reviewing the evidence of CC-related environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, rainfall and extreme events on respiratory allergic diseases and respiratory infections in children and proposing specific actionable items for paediatricians to deal with CC-related health issues in their clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Di Cicco
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Ferrante
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Doriana Amato
- Pediatric Medicine Unit and Pediatric Emergency Department, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, via Giovanni Amendola 207, 70123 Bari, Italy; (D.A.); (V.T.)
| | - Antonino Capizzi
- Pediatrics Unit, S. Paolo and S. Corona Hospital, via Genova 30, 17100 Savona, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Carlo De Pieri
- Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S.M. della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Valentina Agnese Ferraro
- Unit of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, via Nicolò Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Maria Furno
- Pediatrics Unit, S. Paolo and S. Corona Hospital, via Genova 30, 17100 Savona, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Valentina Tranchino
- Pediatric Medicine Unit and Pediatric Emergency Department, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, via Giovanni Amendola 207, 70123 Bari, Italy; (D.A.); (V.T.)
| | - Stefania La Grutta
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, IRIB, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
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9
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Neumann JE, Anenberg SC, Weinberger KR, Amend M, Gulati S, Crimmins A, Roman H, Fann N, Kinney PL. Estimates of Present and Future Asthma Emergency Department Visits Associated With Exposure to Oak, Birch, and Grass Pollen in the United States. GEOHEALTH 2019; 3:11-27. [PMID: 31106285 PMCID: PMC6516486 DOI: 10.1029/2018gh000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pollen is an important environmental cause of allergic asthma episodes. Prior work has established a proof of concept for assessing projected climate change impacts on future oak pollen exposure and associated health impacts. This paper uses additional monitor data and epidemiologic functions to extend prior analyses, reporting new estimates of the current and projected future health burden of oak, birch, and grass pollen across the contiguous United States. Our results suggest that tree pollen in the spring currently accounts for between 25,000 and 50,000 pollen-related asthma emergency department (ED) visits annually (95% confidence interval: 14,000 to 100,000), roughly two thirds of which occur among people under age 18. Grass pollen in the summer season currently accounts for less than 10,000 cases annually (95% confidence interval: 4,000 to 16,000). Compared to a baseline with 21st century population growth but constant pollen, future temperature and precipitation show an increase in ED visits of 14% in 2090 for a higher greenhouse gas emissions scenario, but only 8% for a moderate emissions scenario, reflecting projected increases in pollen season length. Grass pollen, which is more sensitive to changes in climatic conditions, is a primary contributor to future ED visits, with the largest effects in the Northeast, Midwest, and Southern Great Plains regions. More complete assessment of the current and future health burden of pollen is limited by the availability of data on pollen types (e.g., ragweed), other health effects (e.g., other respiratory disease), and economic consequences (e.g., medication costs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate R. Weinberger
- Department of EpidemiologyBrown University School of Public HealthProvidenceRIUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Neal Fann
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
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Kim KR, Oh JW, Woo SY, Seo YA, Choi YJ, Kim HS, Lee WY, Kim BJ. Does the increase in ambient CO 2 concentration elevate allergy risks posed by oak pollen? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2018; 62:1587-1594. [PMID: 29748910 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1558-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oak pollen is a major respiratory allergen in Korea, and the distribution of oak trees is expected to increase by ecological succession and climate change. One of the drivers of climate change is increasing CO2, which is also known to amplify the allergy risk of weed pollen by inducing elevated allergenic protein content. However, the impact of CO2 concentration on tree pollen is not clearly understood due to the experimental difficulties in carrying out extended CO2 treatment. To study the response of pollen production of sawtooth oak trees (Quercus acutissima) to elevated levels of ambient CO2, three open-top chambers at the National Institute of Forest Science in Suwon, Korea were utilized with daytime (8 am-6 pm) CO2 concentrations of ambient (× 1.0, ~ 400 ppm), × 1.4 (~ 560 ppm), and × 1.8 (~ 720 ppm) treatments. Each chamber had three sawtooth oak trees planted in September 2009. One or two trees per chamber matured to bloom in 2016. Five to six catkins were selected per tree and polyethylene bags were attached to collect pollen grains. The total number of catkins per tree was counted and the number and weight of pollen grains per catkin were measured. Oak allergen-Que a 1 (Allergon Co., Uppsala, Sweden)-was extracted and purified to make an ELISA kit by which the antigen levels in the pollen samples were quantified. Total pollen counts per tree of the × 1.4 and × 1.8 treatments showed significant increase of 353 and 1299%, respectively, from the × 1.0 treatment (p < 0.001). Allergenic protein contents at the × 1.4 and × 1.8 treatments also showed significant increase of 12 and 11%, respectively (p = 0.011). The × 1.8 treatment induced significant difference from the × 1.0 treatment in terms of pollen production and allergenic protein content, whereas the × 1.4 treatment showed mixed significance. In summary, the oak trees under the elevated CO2 levels, which are expected in the changing climate, produced significantly higher amount of pollen and allergenic protein than under the present air conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Rang Kim
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, 33, Seohobuk-ro, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 63568, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Young Woo
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Am Seo
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, 33, Seohobuk-ro, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 63568, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Kim
- Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi Young Lee
- Department of Forest Genetic Resources, National Institute of Forest Sciences, 39 Onjeong-ro, Suwon, 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Jo Kim
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, 33, Seohobuk-ro, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 63568, Republic of Korea
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Anenberg SC, Weinberger KR, Roman H, Neumann JE, Crimmins A, Fann N, Martinich J, Kinney PL. Impacts of oak pollen on allergic asthma in the United States and potential influence of future climate change. GEOHEALTH 2017; 1:80-92. [PMID: 32158983 PMCID: PMC7007169 DOI: 10.1002/2017gh000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Future climate change is expected to lengthen and intensify pollen seasons in the U.S., potentially increasing incidence of allergic asthma. We developed a proof-of-concept approach for estimating asthma emergency department (ED) visits in the U.S. associated with present-day and climate-induced changes in oak pollen. We estimated oak pollen season length for moderate (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5) and severe climate change scenarios (RCP8.5) through 2090 using five climate models and published relationships between temperature, precipitation, and oak pollen season length. We calculated asthma ED visit counts associated with 1994-2010 average oak pollen concentrations and simulated future oak pollen season length changes using the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program, driven by epidemiologically derived concentration-response relationships. Oak pollen was associated with 21,200 (95% confidence interval, 10,000-35,200) asthma ED visits in the Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest U.S. in 2010, with damages valued at $10.4 million. Nearly 70% of these occurred among children age <18 years. Severe climate change could increase oak pollen season length and associated asthma ED visits by 5% and 10% on average in 2050 and 2090, with a marginal net present value through 2090 of $10.4 million (additional to the baseline value of $346.2 million). Moderate versus severe climate change could avoid >50% of the additional oak pollen-related asthma ED visits in 2090. Despite several key uncertainties and limitations, these results suggest that aeroallergens pose a substantial U.S. public health burden, that climate change could increase U.S. allergic disease incidence, and that mitigating climate change may have benefits from avoided pollen-related health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C. Anenberg
- Environmental Health Analytics, LLCWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Kate R. Weinberger
- Institute at Brown for Environment & SocietyBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Henry Roman
- Industrial Economics, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Allison Crimmins
- Office of Air and RadiationU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Neal Fann
- Office of Air and RadiationU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Jeremy Martinich
- Office of Air and RadiationU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
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Rasmussen K, Thyrring J, Muscarella R, Borchsenius F. Climate-change-induced range shifts of three allergenic ragweeds ( Ambrosia L.) in Europe and their potential impact on human health. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3104. [PMID: 28321366 PMCID: PMC5357339 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive allergenic plant species may have severe health-related impacts. In this study we aim to predict the effects of climate change on the distribution of three allergenic ragweed species (Ambrosia spp.) in Europe and discuss the potential associated health impact. We built species distribution models based on presence-only data for three ragweed species, using MAXENT software. Future climatic habitat suitability was modeled under two IPCC climate change scenarios (RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5). We quantify the extent of the increase in 'high allergy risk' (HAR) areas, i.e., parts of Europe with climatic conditions corresponding to the highest quartile (25%) of present day habitat suitability for each of the three species. We estimate that by year 2100, the distribution range of all three ragweed species increases towards Northern and Eastern Europe under all climate scenarios. HAR areas will expand in Europe by 27-100%, depending on species and climate scenario. Novel HAR areas will occur mostly in Denmark, France, Germany, Russia and the Baltic countries, and overlap with densely populated cities such as Paris and St. Petersburg. We conclude that areas in Europe affected by severe ragweed associated allergy problems are likely to increase substantially by year 2100, affecting millions of people. To avoid this, management strategies must be developed that restrict ragweed dispersal and establishment of new populations. Precautionary efforts should limit the spread of ragweed seeds and reduce existing populations. Only by applying cross-countries management plans can managers mitigate future health risks and economical consequences of a ragweed expansion in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Rasmussen
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Astma-Allergi Danmark, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jakob Thyrring
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Soneja S, Jiang C, Fisher J, Upperman CR, Mitchell C, Sapkota A. Exposure to extreme heat and precipitation events associated with increased risk of hospitalization for asthma in Maryland, U.S.A. Environ Health 2016; 15:57. [PMID: 27117324 PMCID: PMC4847234 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have investigated the association between asthma exacerbations and exposures to ambient temperature and precipitation. However, limited data exists regarding how extreme events, projected to grow in frequency, intensity, and duration in the future in response to our changing climate, will impact the risk of hospitalization for asthma. The objective of our study was to quantify the association between frequency of extreme heat and precipitation events and increased risk of hospitalization for asthma in Maryland between 2000 and 2012. METHODS We used a time-stratified case-crossover design to examine the association between exposure to extreme heat and precipitation events and risk of hospitalization for asthma (ICD-9 code 493, n = 115,923). RESULTS Occurrence of extreme heat events in Maryland increased the risk of same day hospitalization for asthma (lag 0) by 3 % (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.03, 95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 1.00, 1.07), with a considerably higher risk observed for extreme heat events that occur during summer months (OR: 1.23, 95 % CI: 1.15, 1.33). Likewise, summertime extreme precipitation events increased the risk of hospitalization for asthma by 11 % in Maryland (OR: 1.11, 95 % CI: 1.06, 1.17). Across age groups, increase in risk for asthma hospitalization from exposure to extreme heat event during the summer months was most pronounced among youth and adults, while those related to extreme precipitation event was highest among ≤4 year olds. CONCLUSION Exposure to extreme heat and extreme precipitation events, particularly during summertime, is associated with increased risk of hospitalization for asthma in Maryland. Our results suggest that projected increases in frequency of extreme heat and precipitation event will have significant impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutyajeet Soneja
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 2234F SPH Building #255, College Park, 20742, MD, USA
| | - Chengsheng Jiang
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 2234F SPH Building #255, College Park, 20742, MD, USA
| | - Jared Fisher
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, 20742, MD, USA
| | - Crystal Romeo Upperman
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 2234F SPH Building #255, College Park, 20742, MD, USA
| | - Clifford Mitchell
- Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Prevention and Health Promotion Administration, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amir Sapkota
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 2234F SPH Building #255, College Park, 20742, MD, USA.
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Ozkaya E, Sogut A, Küçükkoç M, Eres M, Acemoglu H, Yuksel H, Murat N. Sensitization pattern of inhalant allergens in children with asthma who are living different altitudes in Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:1685-1690. [PMID: 25732843 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-0975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Variability in children's allergic sensitization has been detected not only among different countries but also among cities within the same nation but yet different climatic areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitization pattern of asthmatic children who lived in different altitude areas: the two largest Turkish cities, Istanbul (sea level) and Erzurum (high altitude). Five hundred and twelve asthmatic children (6-15 years old) from Istanbul (western Turkey, at sea level) and 609 from Erzurum (eastern Turkey, at an altitude of 1800 m) were included in the study. All participants underwent skin testing with common inhalant allergens, spirometry, total IgE level, and clinical examination. The positive sensitization ratio to aeroallergens in children with asthma living at sea level was statistically higher than that in children living in the high altitude group [p = 0.001, OR (odds ratio) 4.9 (confidence interval (CI) 3.67-6.459)]. However, pollen sensitization in asthmatic children living in high altitudes was significantly higher than that in children living at sea level [p = 0.00, OR 2.6 (CI 1.79-3.87)]. Children with asthma who live at high altitudes are characterized by higher pollen but lower mite sensitization rates than those living at sea level in Turkey. Different climatic conditions and altitudes may affect aeroallergen sensitization in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Ozkaya
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayhan Sogut
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Küçükkoç
- Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Eres
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hamit Acemoglu
- Department of Medical Education, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yuksel
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Maniza, Turkey
| | - Naci Murat
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industry of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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15
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Kim J, Kim H, Kweon J. Hourly differences in air pollution on the risk of asthma exacerbation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 203:15-21. [PMID: 25845357 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the association between hourly differences in air pollution and asthma exacerbation in Korea using asthma-related emergency department data and verified seasonality and demographic modifiers with an hourly temporal resolution. We applied time-stratified case-crossover adjusted for weather and influenza; the lag was stratified as 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, 19-24, 25-48, and 49-72 h. Odds ratios (95% confidence interval) per interquartile range increase were 1.05 (1.00-1.11) after 1-6 h for PM10-2.5 and 1.10 (1.04-1.16) after 19-24 h for O3. Effect size was 1.14 (1.06-1.22) at a 1-6 h lag in spring for PM10-2.5, and 1.25 (1.03-1.51) at a 25-48 h lag in winter for O3. O3 effects were age- and low socio-economic status-modified at a 7-12 h lag [1.25 (1.04-1.51)]. Increased PM10-2.5 and O3 increased the risk of asthma exacerbation; the effect of PM10-2.5 was most immediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeun Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jung Kweon
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kinney PL, Matte T, Knowlton K, Madrigano J, Petkova E, Weinberger K, Quinn A, Arend M, Pullen J. New York City Panel on Climate Change 2015 Report. Chapter 5: Public health impacts and resiliency. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1336:67-88. [PMID: 25688947 PMCID: PMC4749144 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Kinney
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Abstract
Climate change is already affecting the cardiorespiratory health of populations around the world, and these impacts are expected to increase. The present overview serves as a primer for respirologists who are concerned about how these profound environmental changes may affect their patients. The authors consider recent peer-reviewed literature with a focus on climate interactions with air pollution. They do not discuss in detail cardiorespiratory health effects for which the potential link to climate change is poorly understood. For example, pneumonia and influenza, which affect >500 million people per year, are not addressed, although clear seasonal variation suggests climate-related effects. Additionally, large global health impacts in low-resource countries, including migration precipitated by environmental change, are omitted. The major cardiorespiratory health impacts addressed are due to heat, air pollution and wildfires, shifts in allergens and infectious diseases along with respiratory impacts from flooding. Personal and societal choices about carbon use and fossil energy infrastructure should be informed by their impacts on health, and respirologists can play an important role in this discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim K Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby
| | - Sarah B Henderson
- Environmental Health Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
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18
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Silverberg JI, Braunstein M, Lee-Wong M. Association between climate factors, pollen counts, and childhood hay fever prevalence in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 135:463-9. [PMID: 25304658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate factors and pollen counts may play a role in hay fever. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the impact of specific climate factors and pollen counts on the US prevalence of hay fever and statewide variation in prevalence. METHODS We used a merged analysis of the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health from a representative sample of 91,642 children aged 0 to 17 years and the 2006-2007 National Climate Data Center and Weather Service measurements of relative humidity (%), indoor heating degree days, precipitation, Palmer Hydrological Drought Index, clear sky and issued ultraviolet indices, stratospheric ozone levels, and outdoor air temperature and National Allergy Bureau total pollen counts. Multivariate survey logistic regression models controlled for sex, race/ethnicity, age, household income, and birthplace. RESULTS The US prevalence of hay fever in childhood was 18.0% (95% CI, 17.7% to 18.2%), with the highest prevalence in southeastern and southern states. Hay fever prevalence was significantly lower with second and third quartile mean annual relative humidity (logistic regression, P ≤ .01 for both), fourth quartile mean annual Palmer Hydrological Drought Index (P = .02), third and fourth quartile mean annual heating degree days (P < .0001 for both), and third and fourth quartile mean annual stratospheric ozone levels but increased with second, third, and fourth quartile mean annual temperature (P ≤ .02 for both), fourth quartile mean annual precipitation (P = .0007), mean total pollen counts (P = .01), and second, third, and fourth quartile issued ultraviolet index (P ≤ .0001 for all). Principal-component analysis was also used to determine the combined effects of correlated climate variables and pollen counts. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of the influence of climate on the US prevalence of childhood hay fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan I Silverberg
- Departments of Dermatology, Preventive Medicine, and Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill; Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Medical Center and St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY.
| | - Marc Braunstein
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Mary Lee-Wong
- Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY
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Ambrosia pollen in Tulsa, Oklahoma: aerobiology, trends, and forecasting model development. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 113:641-6. [PMID: 25240331 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambrosia pollen is an important aeroallergen in North America; the ability to predict daily pollen levels may provide an important benefit for sensitive individuals. OBJECTIVE To analyze the long-term Ambrosia pollen counts and develop a forecasting model to predict the next day's pollen concentration. METHODS Airborne pollen has been collected since December 1986 with a Burkard spore trap at the University of Tulsa. Summary statistics and season metrics were calculated for the 27 years of data. Concentration and previous-day meteorologic data from 1987 to 2011 were used to develop a multiple regression model to predict pollen levels for the following day. Model output was compared to 2012 and 2013 ragweed pollen data. RESULTS The Tulsa ragweed season extends from the middle of August to late October. The mean start date is August 22, the mean peak date is September 10, and the mean end date is October 20. The mean cumulative season total is 11,599 pollen/m(3), and the mean daily concentration is 197 pollen/m(3). Previous-day meteorologic and phenologic data were positively related to pollen concentration (P < .001). Precipitation was modeled as a dichotomous variable. The final model included minimum temperature, dichotomous precipitation, dew point, and phenology variable (R = 0.7146, P < .001). Analysis of the model's accuracy revealed that the model was highly representative of the 2012 and 2013 seasons (R = 0.680, P < .001). CONCLUSION Multiple regression models may be useful in explaining the variability of Ambrosia pollen levels. Further testing of the modeling parameters in different geographical areas is needed.
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Guilherme AQ, Carvalho BC, Diniz BP, Bianco BF, Andrade TGD, Araújo LA. Abordagem da dermatite atópica na infância pelo Médico de Família e Comunidade. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA DE FAMÍLIA E COMUNIDADE 2014. [DOI: 10.5712/rbmfc9(31)846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatite atópica (DA) é uma inflamação crônica e pruriginosa da pele, que acomete crianças nos primeiros anos de vida. Sua etiologia permanece pouco elucidada, mas sabe-se que ocorre uma disfunção da barreira cutânea que facilita a penetração de alérgenos/irritantes na epiderme, provocando reação inflamatória com predomínio de resposta Th2 em relação a Th1. O diagnóstico é clínico, podendo associar-se com a presença de história familiar e pregressa de atopias, como rinite e asma. A DA manifesta-se por meio de lesões eczematosas, pruriginosas, com presença de eritema, pápulas, vesículas e escamas. Os principais diagnósticos diferenciais são dermatite seborreica, dermatite de contato, psoríase e escabiose. O tratamento baseia-se na educação do paciente e de seus familiares, somado ao controle do prurido com anti-histamínicos e da inflamação com corticoides e inibidores da calcineurina. Devido à alta prevalência e impacto da DA na qualidade de vida de crianças, corrobora-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce e de uma abordagem individualizada.
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Takaro TK, Knowlton K, Balmes JR. Climate change and respiratory health: current evidence and knowledge gaps. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 7:349-61. [PMID: 23964626 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2013.814367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a key driver of the accelerating environmental change affecting populations around the world. Many of these changes and our response to them can affect respiratory health. This is an expert opinion review of recent peer-reviewed literature, focused on more recent medical journals and climate-health relevant modeling results from non-biomedical journals pertaining to climate interactions with air pollution. Global health impacts in low resource countries and migration precipitated by environmental change are addressed. The major findings are of respiratory health effects related to heat, air pollution, shifts in infectious diseases and allergens, flooding, water, food security and migration. The review concludes with knowledge gaps and research need that will support the evidence-base required to address the challenges ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim K Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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22
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Gao J, Sun Y, Lu Y, Li L. Impact of ambient humidity on child health: a systematic review. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112508. [PMID: 25503413 PMCID: PMC4264743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Changes in relative humidity, along with other meteorological factors, accompany ongoing climate change and play a significant role in weather-related health outcomes, particularly among children. The purpose of this review is to improve our understanding of the relationship between ambient humidity and child health, and to propose directions for future research. METHODS A comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, OvidSP and EBSCO host) and review of reference lists, to supplement relevant studies, were conducted in March 2013. All identified records were selected based on explicit inclusion criteria. We extracted data from the included studies using a pre-designed data extraction form, and then performed a quality assessment. Various heterogeneities precluded a formal quantitative meta-analysis, therefore, evidence was compiled using descriptive summaries. RESULTS Out of a total of 3797 identified records, 37 papers were selected for inclusion in this review. Among the 37 studies, 35% were focused on allergic diseases and 32% on respiratory system diseases. Quality assessment revealed 78% of the studies had reporting quality scores above 70%, and all findings demonstrated that ambient humidity generally plays an important role in the incidence and prevalence of climate-sensitive diseases among children. CONCLUSIONS With climate change, there is a significant impact of ambient humidity on child health, especially for climate-sensitive infectious diseases, diarrhoeal diseases, respiratory system diseases, and pediatric allergic diseases. However, some inconsistencies in the direction and magnitude of the effects are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Gao
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Yunzong Sun
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Yaogui Lu
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Liping Li
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
- * E-mail:
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23
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Park KJ, Moon JY, Ha JS, Kim SD, Pyun BY, Min TK, Park YH. Impacts of heavy rain and typhoon on allergic disease. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2013; 4:140-5. [PMID: 24159545 PMCID: PMC3787533 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Allergic disease may be increased by climate change. Recent reports have shown that typhoon and heavy rain increase allergic disease locally by concentration of airborne allergens of pollen, ozone, and fungus, which are causes of allergic disease. The objective of this study was to determine whether typhoon and heavy rain increase allergic disease in Korea. Methods This study included allergic disease patients of the area declared as a special disaster zone due to storms and heavy rains from 2003 to 2009. The study used information from the Korea Meteorological Administration, and from the National Health Insurance Service for allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis). Results During a storm period, the numbers of allergy rhinitis and atopic dermatitis outpatients increased [rate ratio (RR) = 1.191; range, 1.150–1.232] on the sixth lag day. However, the number of asthma outpatients decreased (RR = 0.900; range, 0.862–0.937) on the sixth lag day after a disaster period. During a storm period, the numbers of allergic rhinitis outpatients (RR = 1.075; range, 1.018–1.132) and atopy outpatients increased (RR = 1.134; range, 1.113–1.155) on the seventh lag day. However, the number of asthma outpatients decreased to RR value of 0.968 (range, 0.902–1.035) on the fifth lag day. Conclusion This study suggests that typhoon and heavy rain increase allergic disease apart from asthma. More study is needed to explain the decrease in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Jun Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong Youn Moon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | | | | | - Bok Yang Pyun
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Center, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taek Ki Min
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Center, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Hyung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Corresponding author.
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Climate change and its impact on allergic rhinitis and other allergic respiratory diseases. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 20:188-93. [PMID: 22569402 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e3283524b14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss current evidence of global climate change and its implications for allergic rhinitis and other allergic respiratory diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Global climate change is evidenced by increasing average earth temperature, increasing anthropogenic greenhouse gas levels, and elevated pollen levels. Pollutants of interest include carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), and nitrous oxide (NO2) because they can enhance the allergic response and lead to increased symptoms of allergic respiratory diseases. Heightened CO2 levels stimulate pollen production via photosynthesis and increased growth in multiple plant species investigated. Although worsened air quality appears to increase prevalence of allergic rhinitis, the effects of increased temperature are less certain. The findings of increased aeroallergen levels likely contribute to increases in presentation of allergic diseases, although more healthcare impact studies are necessary. SUMMARY Although recent literature indicates and strongly supports changes in temperature, pollution levels, and aeroallergen levels, more longitudinal epidemiologic surveillance of allergic diseases in relation to climate change as well as pathophysiologic studies on changing aeroallergen effects on allergic diseases are needed.
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Balbus JM, Boxall ABA, Fenske RA, McKone TE, Zeise L. Implications of global climate change for the assessment and management of human health risks of chemicals in the natural environment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2013; 32:62-78. [PMID: 23147420 PMCID: PMC3601433 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change (GCC) is likely to alter the degree of human exposure to pollutants and the response of human populations to these exposures, meaning that risks of pollutants could change in the future. The present study, therefore, explores how GCC might affect the different steps in the pathway from a chemical source in the environment through to impacts on human health and evaluates the implications for existing risk-assessment and management practices. In certain parts of the world, GCC is predicted to increase the level of exposure of many environmental pollutants due to direct and indirect effects on the use patterns and transport and fate of chemicals. Changes in human behavior will also affect how humans come into contact with contaminated air, water, and food. Dietary changes, psychosocial stress, and coexposure to stressors such as high temperatures are likely to increase the vulnerability of humans to chemicals. These changes are likely to have significant implications for current practices for chemical assessment. Assumptions used in current exposure-assessment models may no longer apply, and existing monitoring methods may not be robust enough to detect adverse episodic changes in exposures. Organizations responsible for the assessment and management of health risks of chemicals therefore need to be more proactive and consider the implications of GCC for their procedures and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Balbus
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Besancenot JP, Thibaudon M. Changement climatique et pollinisation. Rev Mal Respir 2012; 29:1238-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Xu Z, Sheffield PE, Hu W, Su H, Yu W, Qi X, Tong S. Climate change and children's health--a call for research on what works to protect children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2012; 9:3298-316. [PMID: 23202687 PMCID: PMC3499869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph9093298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is affecting and will increasingly influence human health and wellbeing. Children are particularly vulnerable to the impact of climate change. An extensive literature review regarding the impact of climate change on children's health was conducted in April 2012 by searching electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, as well as relevant websites, such as IPCC and WHO. Climate change affects children's health through increased air pollution, more weather-related disasters, more frequent and intense heat waves, decreased water quality and quantity, food shortage and greater exposure to toxicants. As a result, children experience greater risk of mental disorders, malnutrition, infectious diseases, allergic diseases and respiratory diseases. Mitigation measures like reducing carbon pollution emissions, and adaptation measures such as early warning systems and post-disaster counseling are strongly needed. Future health research directions should focus on: (1) identifying whether climate change impacts on children will be modified by gender, age and socioeconomic status; (2) refining outcome measures of children's vulnerability to climate change; (3) projecting children's disease burden under climate change scenarios; (4) exploring children's disease burden related to climate change in low-income countries; and (5) identifying the most cost-effective mitigation and adaptation actions from a children's health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Xu
- School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (Z.X.); (W.Y.); (X.Q.)
| | - Perry E. Sheffield
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4066, Australia;
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Health Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;
| | - Weiwei Yu
- School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (Z.X.); (W.Y.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (Z.X.); (W.Y.); (X.Q.)
| | - Shilu Tong
- School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (Z.X.); (W.Y.); (X.Q.)
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Pamphlett R, Fang F. Season and weather patterns at time of birth in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 13:459-64. [DOI: 10.3109/17482968.2012.700938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2011; 23:700-7. [PMID: 22068136 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e32834dda34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The incidence of allergic diseases in most industrialized countries has increased. Although the exact mechanisms behind this rapid increase in prevalence remain uncertain, a variety of air pollutants have been attracting attention as one causative factor. Epidemiological and toxicological research suggests a causative relationship between air pollution and the increased incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other allergic disorders. These include ozone, nitrogen dioxide and, especially particulate matter, produced by traffic-related and industrial activities. Strong epidemiological evidence supports a relationship between air pollution and the exacerbation of asthma and other respiratory diseases. Recent studies have suggested that air pollutants play a role in the development of asthma and allergies. Researchers have elucidated the mechanisms whereby these pollutants induce adverse effects; they appear to affect the balance between antioxidant pathways and airway inflammation. Gene polymorphisms involved in antioxidant pathways can modify responses to air pollution exposure. While the characterization and monitoring of pollutant components currently dictates pollution control policies, it will be necessary to identify susceptible subpopulations to target therapy/prevention of pollution-induced respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Takizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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