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Tan Y, An K, Su J. Review: Mechanism of herbivores synergistically metabolizing toxic plants through liver and intestinal microbiota. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 281:109925. [PMID: 38643812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Interspecific interactions are central to ecological research. Plants produce toxic plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) as a defense mechanism against herbivore overgrazing, prompting their gradual adaptation to toxic substances for tolerance or detoxification. P450 enzymes in herbivore livers bind to PSMs, whereas UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase increase the hydrophobicity of the bound PSMs for detoxification. Intestinal microorganisms such as Bacteroidetes metabolize cellulase and other macromolecules to break down toxic components. However, detoxification is an overall response of the animal body, necessitating coordination among various organs to detoxify ingested PSMs. PSMs undergo detoxification metabolism through the liver and gut microbiota, evidenced by increased signaling processes of bile acids, inflammatory signaling molecules, and aromatic hydrocarbon receptors. In this context, we offer a succinct overview of how metabolites from the liver and gut microbiota of herbivores contribute to enhancing metabolic PSMs. We focused mainly on elucidating the molecular communication between the liver and gut microbiota involving endocrine, immune, and metabolic processes in detoxification. We have also discussed the potential for future alterations in the gut of herbivores to enhance the metabolic effects of the liver and boost the detoxification and metabolic abilities of PSMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Tan
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Kang An
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junhu Su
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Ahmad P, Siqueira WL. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics profiling of dogs with and without oral diseases: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:369. [PMID: 38519930 PMCID: PMC10958906 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the distinct proteomics profiles in dogs' oral biofluids enhances diagnostic and therapeutic insights for canine oral diseases, fostering cross-species translational research in dentistry and medicine. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to investigate the similarities and differences between the oral biofluids' proteomics profile of dogs with and without oral diseases. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched with no restrictions on publication language or year to address the following focused question: "What is the proteome signature of healthy versus diseased (oral) dogs' biofluids?" Gene Ontology enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of the most abundant proteins were performed. Moreover, protein-protein interaction analysis was conducted. The risk of bias (RoB) among the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. RESULTS In healthy dogs, the proteomic analysis identified 5,451 proteins, with 137 being the most abundant, predominantly associated with 'innate immune response'. Dogs with oral diseases displayed 6,470 proteins, with distinct associations: 'defense response to bacterium' (periodontal diseases), 'negative regulation of transcription' (dental calculus), and 'positive regulation of transcription' (oral tumors). Clustering revealed significant protein clusters in each case, emphasizing the diverse molecular profiles in health and oral diseases. Only six studies were provided to the JBI tool, as they encompassed case-control evaluations that compared healthy dogs to dogs with oral disease(s). All included studies were found to have low RoB (high quality). CONCLUSION Significant differences in the proteomics profiles of oral biofluids between dogs with and without oral diseases were found. The synergy of animal proteomics and bioinformatics offers a promising avenue for cross-species research, despite persistent challenges in result validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Ahmad
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Walter L Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Ahmad P, Marin LM, Lowe C, Katselis GS, Siqueira WL. Salivary protein homology between humans and dogs: Mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis. J Dent 2024; 142:104855. [PMID: 38246308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This benchmark study aimed to investigate sex-related differences based on the identification and characterization of the salivary proteome of healthy male and female dogs using mass spectrometry (MS) technique and a homology-driven approach to analyze salivary proteins in both human and dog species utilizing protein sequence alignment technique. METHODS Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from 10 healthy Beagles. After processing the samples and determining the total protein content, in-solution protein digestion was performed involving denaturation, reduction of disulfide bonds, alkylation, and removal of interfering compounds. Samples were analyzed using LC-ESI-MS/MS. RESULTS LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis identified 327 and 341 unique proteins in male and female dog saliva, respectively, of which 318 (97.25 %) in male dogs and 326 (95.60 %) in female dogs were characterized. Abundant shared proteins included albumin, BPI fold-containing family A member 2, and VWFD domain-containing protein. A notable uncharacterized protein, VWFD domain-containing protein, was among the most abundant in both sexes. Comparative analysis of 69 abundant shared proteins indicated an upregulation of CES5A, EFHD, GC, IGHM, LOC100653049, KRT10, LCP1, PGD, TPI1 in male dogs, while LOC100855593 was upregulated in female dogs. In total, 84 % (n = 229/274) and 86 % (n = 235/275) salivary proteins identified in male and female dogs, respectively, were homologous to human proteins, with an overall homology of 86 % (n = 364/423), including 15 with 100 % homology. CONCLUSION The study revealed clear differences in the salivary proteomics profile of healthy male and female dogs. However, most of the salivary proteins in both male and female dogs showed homology with human salivary proteins. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The identification of unique salivary proteome profiles in male and female dogs, coupled with substantial homology to human proteins, provides promising biomarkers for health assessment, highlighting its clinical significance for diagnostics and therapeutic exploration not only in veterinary and human dentistry, but across mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Ahmad
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N E5E, Canada
| | - Lina M Marin
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N E5E, Canada
| | - Candace Lowe
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - George S Katselis
- Department of Medicine, Canadian Centre for Rural and Agricultural Health, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Walter L Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N E5E, Canada.
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4
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Ferreira R, Amado F, Vitorino R. Empowering peptidomics: utilizing computational tools and approaches. Bioanalysis 2023; 15:1315-1325. [PMID: 37737150 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatics plays a critical role in the advancement of peptidomics by providing powerful tools for data analysis, interpretation and integration. Peptidomics is concerned with the study of peptides, short chains of amino acids with diverse biological functions. This area includes peptide identification and characterization, database construction, de novo sequencing, functional annotation, omics data integration and systems biology. Artificial intelligence techniques, such as machine learning and natural language processing, aid in the interpretation of peptide sequence data and the generation of biological insights. By using bioinformatics approaches, peptidomics researchers can accelerate peptide discovery, understand their functions and gain insights into complex molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amado
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Schwartz M, Boichot V, Fraichard S, Muradova M, Senet P, Nicolai A, Lirussi F, Bas M, Canon F, Heydel JM, Neiers F. Role of Insect and Mammal Glutathione Transferases in Chemoperception. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020322. [PMID: 36830691 PMCID: PMC9953322 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are ubiquitous key enzymes with different activities as transferases or isomerases. As key detoxifying enzymes, GSTs are expressed in the chemosensory organs. They fulfill an essential protective role because the chemosensory organs are located in the main entry paths of exogenous compounds within the body. In addition to this protective function, they modulate the perception process by metabolizing exogenous molecules, including tastants and odorants. Chemosensory detection involves the interaction of chemosensory molecules with receptors. GST contributes to signal termination by metabolizing these molecules. By reducing the concentration of chemosensory molecules before receptor binding, GST modulates receptor activation and, therefore, the perception of these molecules. The balance of chemoperception by GSTs has been shown in insects as well as in mammals, although their chemosensory systems are not evolutionarily connected. This review will provide knowledge supporting the involvement of GSTs in chemoperception, describing their localization in these systems as well as their enzymatic capacity toward odorants, sapid molecules, and pheromones in insects and mammals. Their different roles in chemosensory organs will be discussed in light of the evolutionary advantage of the coupling of the detoxification system and chemosensory system through GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Schwartz
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Boichot
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Fraichard
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mariam Muradova
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Senet
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Adrien Nicolai
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Frederic Lirussi
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Mathilde Bas
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Francis Canon
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- Laboratory: Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanims (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence:
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Ma J, Zhang L, Shen F, Geng Y, Huang Y, Wu H, Fan Z, Hou R, Song Z, Yue B, Zhang X. Gene expressions between obligate bamboo-eating pandas and non-herbivorous mammals reveal converged specialized bamboo diet adaptation. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:23. [PMID: 36647013 PMCID: PMC9843897 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is inevitable to change the function or expression of genes during the environmental adaption of species. Both the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and red panda (Ailurus fulgens) belong to Carnivora and have developed similar adaptations to the same dietary switch to bamboos at the morphological and genomic levels. However, the genetic adaptation at the gene expression level is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine the gene expression patterns of giant and red panda convergent specialized bamboo-diets. We examined differences in liver and pancreas transcriptomes between the two panda species and other non-herbivorous species. RESULTS The clustering and PCA plots suggested that the specialized bamboo diet may drive similar expression shifts in these two species of pandas. Therefore, we focused on shared liver and pancreas DEGs (differentially expressed genes) in the giant and red panda relative to other non-herbivorous species. Genetic convergence occurred at multiple levels spanning carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and lysine degradation. The shared adaptive convergence DEGs in both organs probably be an evolutionary response to the high carbohydrate, low lipid and lysine bamboo diet. Convergent expression of those nutrient metabolism-related genes in both pandas was an intricate process and subjected to multi-level regulation, including DNA methylation and transcription factor. A large number of lysine degradation and lipid metabolism related genes were hypermethylated in promoter regions in the red panda. Most genes related to carbohydrate metabolism had reduced DNA methylation with increased mRNA expression in giant pandas. Unlike the red panda, the core gene of the lysine degradation pathway (AASS) doesn't exhibit hypermethylation modification in the giant panda, and dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that transcription factor, NR3C1, functions as a transcriptional activator in AASS transcription through the binding to AASS promoter region. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed the adaptive expressions and regulations of the metabolism-related genes responding to the unique nutrients in bamboo food and provided data accumulation and research hints for the future revelation of complex mechanism of two pandas underlying convergent adaptation to a specialized bamboo diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Ma
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China ,grid.410739.80000 0001 0723 6903College of Continuing Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650092 China
| | - Liang Zhang
- grid.452857.9The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610081 China
| | - Fujun Shen
- grid.452857.9The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610081 China
| | - Yang Geng
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology On Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Yan Huang
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Wolong, 623006 Sichuan China
| | - Honglin Wu
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Wolong, 623006 Sichuan China
| | - Zhenxin Fan
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology On Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Rong Hou
- grid.452857.9The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610081 China
| | - Zhaobin Song
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology On Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Bisong Yue
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology On Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Xiuyue Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology On Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
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Comparative Transcriptomics and Methylomics Reveal Adaptive Responses of Digestive and Metabolic Genes to Dietary Shift in Giant and Red Pandas. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081446. [PMID: 36011357 PMCID: PMC9407821 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and red panda (Ailurus fulgens) belong to the order Carnivora, but have changed their dietary habits to eating bamboo exclusively. The convergent evolution characteristics of their morphology, genome and gut flora have been found in the two pandas. However, the research on the convergent adaptation of their digestion and metabolism to the bamboo diet, mediated by the dietary shift of the two pandas at the gene-expression and epigenetic regulation levels, is still lacking. We therefore used RNA sequencing among five species (two pandas and three non-herbivore mammals) and bisulfite sequencing among three species (two pandas and a carnivore ferret) to sequence key digestion and metabolism tissues (stomach and small intestine). Our results provide evidence that the convergent differentially expressed genes (related to carbohydrate utilization, bile secretion, Lys and Arg metabolism, vitamin B12 utilization and cyanide detoxification) of the two pandas are adaptive responses to the bamboo diet containing low lipids, low Lys and Arg, low vitamin B12 and high cyanide. We also profiled the genome-wide methylome maps of giant panda, red panda and ferret, and the results indicated that the promoter methylation of the two pandas may regulate digestive and metabolic genes to adapt to sudden environmental changes, and then, transmit genetic information to future generations to evolve into bamboo eaters. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the dietary shift and the adaptation to a strict bamboo diet in both pandas using comparative transcriptomics and methylomics.
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M Grant M, Pasha S, Inui T, Chapple I, Harris S, Holcombe L. A Mass Spectrometric Approach to the Proteomic Profiling of the Canis lupus familiaris Acquired Enamel Pellicle on Hydroxyapatite Discs. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:241-249. [PMID: 35549755 PMCID: PMC9388946 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221097188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) is a multi-protein film attached to the
surface of teeth, which functions to lubricate the dental surface, form an
anti-erosive barrier and exhibits antimicrobial properties. The initiation of
AEP formation occurs within seconds of exposure to saliva, a biofluid rich in
protein species. While there have been many publications on the formation of
human AEP there is little research on the composition of canine AEP during its
acquisition. The aim of these studies was to explore the composition of canine
AEP formation, utilising hydroxyapatite (HA) discs as a tooth substitute matrix,
over time. Qualitative and quantitative proteomics techniques using tandem mass
tag labelled peptides and LC-MS/MS were used to follow the formation of canine
AEP on hydroxyapatite discs over the course of an hour. Proteins adsorbed to the
HA surface included highly abundant proteins in canine saliva, antimicrobial
proteins, protease inhibitors and the buffering agent carbonic anhydrase.
Greater understanding of the canine AEP deepens fundamental knowledge of the
early processes driving bacterial colonisation of the tooth surface and
subsequent plaque accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Grant
- School of Dentistry, 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sabah Pasha
- School of Dentistry, 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Taichi Inui
- 41854WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, UK
| | - Iain Chapple
- School of Dentistry, 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Steve Harris
- 41854WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, UK
| | - Lucy Holcombe
- 41854WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, UK
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Wang L, Yang X, Zhou S, Lyu T, Shi L, Dong Y, Zhang H. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed omnivorous adaptation of the small intestine of Melinae. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19162. [PMID: 34580368 PMCID: PMC8476558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As the main digestive organ, the small intestine plays a vital role in the digestion of animals. At present, most of the research on animal feeding habits focuses on carnivores and herbivores. However, the mechanism of feeding and digestion in omnivores remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the molecular basis of the omnivorous adaptive evolution of Melinae by comparing the transcriptome of the small intestines of Asian Badgers (Meles leucurus) and Northern Hog Badgers (Arctonyx albogularis). We obtained high-quality small intestinal transcriptome data from these two species. Key genes and signalling pathways were analysed through Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and other databases. Research has mainly found that orthologous genes related to six enzymes have undergone adaptive evolution. In addition, the study also found three digestion-related pathways (cGMP-PKG, cAMP, and Hippo). They are related to the digestion and absorption of nutrients, the secretion of intestinal fluids, and the transport of food through the small intestine, which may help omnivorous animals adapt to an omnivorous diet. Our study provides insight into the adaptation of Melinae to omnivores and affords a valuable transcriptome resource for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lupeng Shi
- Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
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Oberbauer AM, Larsen JA. Amino Acids in Dog Nutrition and Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1285:199-216. [PMID: 33770408 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54462-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The dog has assumed a prominent role in human society. Associated with that status, diet choices for companion dogs have begun to reflect the personal preferences of the owners, with greater emphasis on specialty diets such as organic, vegan/vegetarian, and omission or inclusion of specific ingredients. Despite consumer preferences and many marketing strategies employed, the diets must ensure nutritional adequacy for the dog; if not, health becomes compromised, sometimes severely. The most frequent consideration of consumers and dog food manufacturers is protein source and concentration with a growing emphasis on amino acid composition and bioavailability. Amino acids in general play diverse and critical roles in the dog, with specific amino acids being essential. This review covers what is known regarding amino acids in dog nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita M Oberbauer
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Jennifer A Larsen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Changes in Saliva Analytes Associated with Lameness in Cows: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112078. [PMID: 33182458 PMCID: PMC7696794 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Saliva may contain useful biomarkers which provide information about animal welfare using convenient and non-invasive sampling methods. In addition, the development of automated techniques of measuring analytes in saliva provides advantages from the technical point of view since they are cost-effective, reliable, and replicable. In this study, 21 salivary analytes measured by automated assays were tested as potential biomarkers of lameness, one of the most prevalent diseases in dairy cows producing significant economic losses. As a result, total esterase (TEA) showed increases in saliva in a group of 11 cows with lameness, decreasing when the lameness was solved after a specific treatment consisting of a hoof trimming and a medical treatment. In addition, TEA activity correlated with the severity of the lameness. Further studies using a larger population of cows with different causes of lameness and severity should be performed to determine the potential of TEA as a biomarker of lameness in cows. Abstract The possible changes in a panel of 21 salivary analytes on a population of cows with lameness before and after treating lameness by hoof trimming were analyzed. Then, the analytes that showed significant changes were studied in a larger population of cows with lameness and compared with healthy cows For this purpose, two groups of cows were made by a specialized veterinarian. One consisted of healthy cows with no external signs of diseases and no hematological or biochemical abnormalities, and showing no signs of lameness according to the numerical rating system of severity (NRS, 5-point scale); and the other composed of cows showing only lameness with a NRS of 3.1 ± 0.87 and a lesion scoring system (LSS, 4-point scale) of 3.3 ± 0.89. Both groups did not differ in parity (p = 0.140), days in milk (DIM) (p = 0.780), and body condition score (BCS) (p = 0.074). Initially, 21 biochemical analytes were determined in the saliva of six cows with lameness at the diagnosis time (T0) and twenty days after hoof trimming that successfully solved the lameness (TF). This exploratory study only showed significantly higher values in lipase (Lip) and total esterase (TEA) at T0 compared to TF (p < 0.001 and p = 0.034, respectively). When both analytes were measured in the additional five lame cows and the results of all the animals of the lame group (n = 11) were compared with the healthy group (n = 11), only TEA showed higher activities in the group of lame cows than healthy cows (p = 0.004). TEA was positively correlated with both NRS and LSS (r = 0.43, p = 0.004 and r = 0.35, p = 0.003). In conclusion, this study showed that cows with lameness in our experimental conditions had higher TEA values than healthy cows, and these values decreased after treatment. This is a pilot study, and further studies using a larger population of cows with lameness due to different causes and severity should be performed to determine the potential of TEA as a biomarker of lameness in cows.
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Thamadilok S, Choi KS, Ruhl L, Schulte F, Kazim AL, Hardt M, Gokcumen O, Ruhl S. Human and Nonhuman Primate Lineage-Specific Footprints in the Salivary Proteome. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:395-405. [PMID: 31614365 PMCID: PMC6993864 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins in saliva are needed for preprocessing food in the mouth, maintenance of tooth mineralization, and protection from microbial pathogens. Novel insights into human lineage-specific functions of salivary proteins and clues to their involvement in human disease can be gained through evolutionary studies, as recently shown for salivary amylase AMY1 and salivary agglutinin DMBT1/gp340. However, the entirety of proteins in saliva, the salivary proteome, has not yet been investigated from an evolutionary perspective. Here, we compared the proteomes of human saliva and the saliva of our closest extant evolutionary relatives, chimpanzees and gorillas, using macaques as an outgroup, with the aim to uncover features in saliva protein composition that are unique to each species. We found that humans produce a waterier saliva, containing less than half total protein than great apes and Old World monkeys. For all major salivary proteins in humans, we could identify counterparts in chimpanzee and gorilla saliva. However, we discovered unique protein profiles in saliva of humans that were distinct from those of nonhuman primates. These findings open up the possibility that dietary differences and pathogenic pressures may have shaped a distinct salivary proteome in the human lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaporn Thamadilok
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kyoung-Soo Choi
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Lorenz Ruhl
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Fabian Schulte
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - A Latif Kazim
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Markus Hardt
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Omer Gokcumen
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Stefan Ruhl
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
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Turunen S, Puurunen J, Auriola S, Kullaa AM, Kärkkäinen O, Lohi H, Hanhineva K. Metabolome of canine and human saliva: a non-targeted metabolomics study. Metabolomics 2020; 16:90. [PMID: 32840693 PMCID: PMC7447669 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Saliva metabolites are suggested to reflect the health status of an individual in humans. The same could be true with the dog (Canis lupus familiaris), an important animal model of human disease, but its saliva metabolome is unknown. As a non-invasive sample, canine saliva could offer a new alternative material for research to reveal molecular mechanisms of different (patho)physiological stages, and for veterinary medicine to monitor dogs' health trajectories. OBJECTIVES To investigate and characterize the metabolite composition of dog and human saliva in a non-targeted manner. METHODS Stimulated saliva was collected from 13 privately-owned dogs and from 14 human individuals. We used a non-targeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) method to measure metabolite profiles from saliva samples. RESULTS We identified and classified a total of 211 endogenous and exogenous salivary metabolites. The compounds included amino acids, amino acid derivatives, biogenic amines, nucleic acid subunits, lipids, organic acids, small peptides as well as other metabolites, like metabolic waste molecules and other chemicals. Our results reveal a distinct metabolite profile of dog and human saliva as 25 lipid compounds were identified only in canine saliva and eight dipeptides only in human saliva. In addition, we observed large variation in ion abundance within and between the identified saliva metabolites in dog and human. CONCLUSION The results suggest that non-targeted metabolomics approach utilizing UHPLC-qTOF-MS can detect a wide range of small compounds in dog and human saliva with partially overlapping metabolite composition. The identified metabolites indicate that canine saliva is potentially a versatile material for the discovery of biomarkers for dog welfare. However, this profile is not complete, and dog saliva needs to be investigated in the future with other analytical platforms to characterize the whole canine saliva metabolome. Furthermore, the detailed comparison of human and dog saliva composition needs to be conducted with harmonized study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soile Turunen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Jenni Puurunen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja M Kullaa
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Bringel M, Jorge PK, Francisco PA, Lowe C, Sabino-Silva R, Colombini-Ishikiriama BL, Machado MADAM, Siqueira WL. Salivary proteomic profile of dogs with and without dental calculus. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:298. [PMID: 32814559 PMCID: PMC7437026 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dogs' saliva is a complex mixture of inorganic and organic constituents, rich in proteins. Therefore, knowing the saliva composition of these animals is extremely important to identify the presence of proteins that may be involved in physiological and pathological mechanisms of their oral cavity. The present study aimed to characterize the proteomic profile of saliva from dogs with and without dental calculus. RESULTS Saliva samples were collected from 20 dogs. Before the collection, a visual clinical examination was performed and 8 subjects (40%) did not present any signs of dental calculus, while 12 (60%) presented dental calculus. After saliva collection, the samples were submitted to protein quantification (mBCA), and then they were prepared for analysis by nLC-ESI-MS/MS. A total of 658 unique proteins were identified, of which 225 were specific to dogs without dental calculus, 300 were specific to dogs with dental calculus, and 133 were common to all subjects. These proteins presented functions including transportation, immune response, structural, enzymatic regulation, signal transduction, transcription, metabolism, and some proteins perform functions as yet unknown. Several salivary proteins in dogs with dental calculus differed from those found in the group without dental calculus. Among the abundant proteins detected in periodontal affected cases, can be highlighting calcium-sensing receptor and transforming growth factor beta. Enrichment analysis reveled the presence of Rho GTPases signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This research identified salivary proteins, that should be further investigated as potencial biomarkers of chronic periodontits with dental calculus formation in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Bringel
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Karine Jorge
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cadance Lowe
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Robinson Sabino-Silva
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Espinosa-Gómez FC, Ruíz-May E, Serio-Silva JC, Chapman CA. Salivary proteome of a Neotropical primate: potential roles in host defense and oral food perception. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9489. [PMID: 32765966 PMCID: PMC7382365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva contains a very complex mixture of proteins for defense against microbiological pathogens and for oral food perception. Howler monkeys are Neotropical primates that can consume a mostly leaf diet. They are well known to thrive in highly disturbed habitats where they may cope with a diversity of dietary challenges and infection risks. We aimed to describe the salivary proteome of howlers to contribute to better understanding of their physiology. METHODS We analyzed the salivary proteins of wild black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra), by SDS-PAGE-1-D and Nano LC-MS/MS and categorized them by their function involved in host defense and oral food perception. RESULTS Our proteomic analysis identified 156 proteins in howler saliva including a number of host defense peptides that are the first line of defense in mammals, such as defensin, cathelicidin, dermcidin, and lactotransferrin, and proteins with anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral capacity, such as IgA, IgG, IgM, BPI, salivary heat shock 70 kDa protein, beta-2-microbulin, and protein S-100. We also identified key proteins necessary for taste perception, including salivary carbonic anhydrase VI, cystatin D, IgA, and fatty acid-binding protein. Proteins to detect astringent foods were identifying, including four members of cystatins (A, B, C and D), lactoperoxidase, and histidine-rich proteins. No chitinase and amylase were identified as would be expected because howlers do not eat insects and little starch. These findings provide basic information to future studies in oral biology, ingestive physiology, and physiological ecology of mammals and non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Carolina Espinosa-Gómez
- Department of Anthropology and McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Eliel Ruíz-May
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Juan Carlos Serio-Silva
- Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Colin A. Chapman
- Department of Anthropology and McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, George Washington University, Washington DC, Washington DC, United States of America
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi’an, Xi’an, China
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16
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Bazzano M, Laghi L, Zhu C, Lotito E, Sgariglia S, Tesei B, Laus F. Exercise Induced Changes in Salivary and Serum Metabolome in Trained Standardbred, Assessed by 1H-NMR. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10070298. [PMID: 32708237 PMCID: PMC7407172 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10070298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, data related to the metabolomics of saliva and serum in trained standardbred horses are provided for the first time. Metabolomic analysis allows to analyze all the metabolites within selected biofluids, providing a better understanding of biochemistry modifications related to exercise. On the basis of the current advances observed in metabolomic research on human athletes, we aimed to investigate the metabolites’ profile of serum and saliva samples collected from healthy standardbred horses and the relationship with physical exercise. Twelve trained standardbred horses were sampled for blood and saliva before (T0) and immediately after (T1) standardized exercise. Metabolomic analysis of both samples was performed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Forty-six metabolites in serum and 62 metabolites in saliva were detected, including alcohols, amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates and purine derivatives. Twenty-six and 14 metabolites resulted to be significantly changed between T0 and T1 in serum and saliva, respectively. The findings of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate in serum and GABA in equine saliva, as well as their modifications following exercise, provide new insights about the physiology of exercise in athletic horses. Glycerol might represent a novel biomarker for fitness evaluation in sport horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Bazzano
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione, 93/95, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (M.B.); (E.L.); (B.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
| | - Enrica Lotito
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione, 93/95, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (M.B.); (E.L.); (B.T.); (F.L.)
| | | | - Beniamino Tesei
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione, 93/95, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (M.B.); (E.L.); (B.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Fulvio Laus
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione, 93/95, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (M.B.); (E.L.); (B.T.); (F.L.)
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Chiaradia E, Miller I. In slow pace towards the proteome of equine body fluids. J Proteomics 2020; 225:103880. [PMID: 32569818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Equine medicine represents a relevant field of veterinary science and the horse industry generates a significant economic impact. Horses can be involved in different sport disciplines, meat production, work and recreational purposes. Horses are also important for human health as they can be used as animal models for studying human diseases and in equine-assisted therapy. This review summarizes the data related to body fluids such as plasma/serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, saliva, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peritoneal fluid obtained using proteomic analysis. Horse body fluid proteome analysis under various physiological and pathological conditions is a useful method for identifying new biomarkers for horse diseases which are still difficult to diagnose, but with serious consequences on equine health and welfare. The findings reported here reveal that further proteomic studies on equine body fluids collected from diseased animals are required. SIGNIFICANCE: Body fluids are sources of potential protein biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic target identification. Indeed, they contain proteins that play a crucial role in cell functions and whose presence or relative abundance are indicative of the health status of tissues/organs. The review reports the data on the equine body fluids obtained using proteomic analysis, including those which are commonly used to obtain a correct diagnosis and prognosis of horse diseases which still pose a significant challenge. For equine medicine, new biomarkers are needed to formulate early diagnosis and to distinguish among diseases with similar clinical signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Chiaradia
- Laboratory of proteomics, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria.
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Cunha E, Freitas FB, São Braz B, Moreira da Silva J, Tavares L, Veiga AS, Oliveira M. Polyphasic Validation of a Nisin-Biogel to Control Canine Periodontal Disease. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9040180. [PMID: 32295175 PMCID: PMC7235766 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease (PD) is a highly prevalent inflammatory disease in dogs. This disease is initiated by a polymicrobial biofilm on the teeth surface, whose control includes its prevention and removal. Recently, it was shown that nisin displays antimicrobial activity against canine PD-related bacteria. Moreover, guar gum biogel has shown to be a promising topical delivery system for nisin. METHODS In this study we aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the nisin-biogel in the presence of canine saliva and after a 24-month storage, at different conditions, using a canine oral enterococci collection. We also studied the nisin-biogel cytotoxicity using a Vero cell line and canine primary intestinal fibroblasts. RESULTS The presence of saliva hampers nisin-biogel antimicrobial activity, and higher nisin concentrations were required for an effective activity. A significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) in inhibitory activity was observed for nisin-biogel solutions stored at 37 °C, over a 24-month period, which was not observed with the other conditions. The nisin-biogel showed no cytotoxicity against the cells tested at concentrations up to 200 µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed the potential of the nisin-biogel for canine PD control, supporting the development of an in vivo clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Cunha
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.C.); (F.B.F.); (B.S.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Ferdinando Bernardino Freitas
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.C.); (F.B.F.); (B.S.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Berta São Braz
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.C.); (F.B.F.); (B.S.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Jorge Moreira da Silva
- Virbac de Portugal Laboratórios, Lda., Rua do Centro Empresarial, Quinta da Beloura, 2710-693 Sintra, Portugal;
| | - Luís Tavares
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.C.); (F.B.F.); (B.S.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Ana Salomé Veiga
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.C.); (F.B.F.); (B.S.B.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-1213-6020-52
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Dhar P, Samarasinghe RM, Shigdar S. Antibodies, Nanobodies, or Aptamers-Which Is Best for Deciphering the Proteomes of Non-Model Species? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2485. [PMID: 32260091 PMCID: PMC7177290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This planet is home to countless species, some more well-known than the others. While we have developed many techniques to be able to interrogate some of the "omics", proteomics is becoming recognized as a very important part of the puzzle, given how important the protein is as a functional part of the cell. Within human health, the proteome is fairly well-established, with numerous reagents being available to decipher cellular pathways. Recent research advancements have assisted in characterizing the proteomes of some model (non-human) species, however, in many other species, we are only just touching the surface. This review considers three main reagent classes-antibodies, aptamers, and nanobodies-as a means of continuing to investigate the proteomes of non-model species without the complications of understanding the full protein signature of a species. Considerations of ease of production, potential applications, and the necessity for producing a new reagent depending on homology are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poshmaal Dhar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; (P.D.); (R.M.S.)
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Rasika M. Samarasinghe
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; (P.D.); (R.M.S.)
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; (P.D.); (R.M.S.)
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
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Miller I, Schlosser S, Palazzolo L, Veronesi MC, Eberini I, Gianazza E. Some more about dogs: Proteomics of neglected biological fluids. J Proteomics 2020; 218:103724. [PMID: 32126321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report in this manuscript what is known about the protein makeup of a selection of biological fluids in the domestic dog. The samples we review - amniotic and allantoic fluid, seminal fluid, saliva, bile, synovial fluid, tears - are still very poorly characterized in this species. For some of them we can present results from our own, mainly unpublished experiments. SIGNIFICANCE: The dog is one of the most widespread companion animals, and also of medical relevance as model species for some human diseases. Still, investigation of body fluids other than serum and urine is not so commonly undertaken, although - like in humans - also these sample types may have potential for diagnostic purposes. We compile published data about proteomes of fetal fluids, seminal plasma, saliva, bile, synovial fluid and tears, enriched by some yet unpublished data of our own (proteins of amniotic and allantoic fluid, tears). Closing gaps in our knowledge on dog proteins will further our understanding of (patho)physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Miller
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria.
| | - Sarah Schlosser
- VetCore, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Luca Palazzolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Veronesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gianazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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Noor Z, Ranganathan S. Bioinformatics approaches for improving seminal plasma proteome analysis. Theriogenology 2019; 137:43-49. [PMID: 31186128 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction efficiency of male animals is one of the key factors influencing the sustainability of livestock. Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics has become an important tool for studying seminal plasma proteomes. In this review, we summarize bioinformatics analysis strategies for current proteomics approaches, for identifying novel biomarkers of reproductive robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Noor
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shoba Ranganathan
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
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Li X, Yang J, Zhu S, Li Y, Chen W, Hu Z. Insight into the combinatorial transcriptional regulation on α-amylase gene in animal groups with different dietary nutrient content. Genomics 2019; 112:520-527. [PMID: 30965097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression is generally regulated by multiple transcription factors (TFs). Despite previous findings of individual TFs regulating pancreatic α-amylase gene expression, the combinatorial transcriptional regulation is not fully understood. To gain insight into multiple TF regulation for pancreatic α-amylase gene, we employed a function conservation approach to predict interacting TFs regulating pancreatic α-amylase gene for 3 dietary animal groups. To this end, we have identified 77, 25, and 118 interacting TFs for herbivore, omnivore, and carnivore, respectively. Computational modeling of TF regulatory networks demonstrated that known pancreas-specific TFs (e.g. GR, NFAT, and PR) may play important roles in recruiting non pancreas-specific TFs to the TF-TF interaction networks, offering specificity and flexibility for controlling pancreatic α-amylase gene expression in different dietary animal groups. The findings from this study indicate that combinatorial transcriptional regulation could be a critical component controlling pancreatic α-amylase gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China.
| | - Jiping Yang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Shuli Zhu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Yuefei Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Weitao Chen
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Zihua Hu
- Center for Computational Research, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; Department of Biostatistics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; SUNY Eye Institute, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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23
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Boschetti E, Hernández-Castellano LE, Righetti PG. Progress in farm animal proteomics: The contribution of combinatorial peptide ligand libraries. J Proteomics 2019; 197:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Prims S, Van Raemdonck G, Vanden Hole C, Van Cruchten S, Van Ginneken C, Van Ostade X, Casteleyn C. On the characterisation of the porcine gland-specific salivary proteome. J Proteomics 2019; 196:92-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Sanguansermsri P, Jenkinson HF, Thanasak J, Chairatvit K, Roytrakul S, Kittisenachai S, Puengsurin D, Surarit R. Comparative proteomic study of dog and human saliva. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208317. [PMID: 30513116 PMCID: PMC6279226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Saliva contains many proteins that have an important role in biological process of the oral cavity and is closely associated with many diseases. Although the dog is a common companion animal, the composition of salivary proteome and its relationship with that of human are unclear. In this study, shotgun proteomics was used to compare the salivary proteomes of 7 Thai village dogs and 7 human subjects. Salivary proteomes revealed 2,532 differentially expressed proteins in dogs and humans, representing various functions including cellular component organization or biogenesis, cellular process, localization, biological regulation, response to stimulus, developmental process, multicellular organismal process, metabolic process, immune system process, apoptosis and biological adhesion. The oral proteomes of dogs and humans were appreciably different. Proteins related to apoptosis processes and biological adhesion were predominated in dog saliva. Drug-target network predictions by STITCH Version 5.0 showed that dog salivary proteins were found to have potential roles in tumorigenesis, anti-inflammation and antimicrobial processes. In addition, proteins related to regeneration and healing processes such as fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor were also up-regulated in dogs. These findings provide new information on dog saliva composition and will be beneficial for the study of dog saliva in diseased and health conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phutsa Sanguansermsri
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Jitkamol Thanasak
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kongthawat Chairatvit
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Suthathip Kittisenachai
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | - Rudee Surarit
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Lucena S, Coelho AV, Capela-Silva F, Tvarijonaviciute A, Lamy E. The Effect of Breed, Gender, and Acid Stimulation in Dog Saliva Proteome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7456894. [PMID: 29967784 PMCID: PMC6008695 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7456894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Saliva gained interest as a potential noninvasive source of biomarkers in humans and that interest starts to be extended also to other animal species. For this purpose, the knowledge of the salivary proteome in healthy conditions and the factors that affect it and how they affect it are necessary. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect that gender and breed have in saliva proteome and the changes in it induced by stimulation with acid. Saliva from 4 different purebred dogs (Portuguese Podengo, Greyhound, Rafeiro Alentejano, and Beagle) of both genders was collected without and after stimulation with lemon juice. SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles were compared and the proteins of interest in-gel digested and identified by mass spectrometry. Acid stimulation decreased total protein concentration and the relative amounts of some protein bands/spots. Gender appeared to have minimal effect in saliva proteome, whereas the influence of breed varies. Beagles and Portuguese Podengos were the two breeds with higher differences. In conclusion, stimulation procedures and dog breed should be considered in data analysis when using salivary proteins for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Lucena
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, 7000-083 Évora, Portugal
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7000-083 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana V. Coelho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Fernando Capela-Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, 7000-083 Évora, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elsa Lamy
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, 7000-083 Évora, Portugal
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Pasha S, Inui T, Chapple I, Harris S, Holcombe L, Grant MM. The Saliva Proteome of Dogs: Variations Within and Between Breeds and Between Species. Proteomics 2018; 18:1700293. [PMID: 29327448 PMCID: PMC5969230 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Saliva is a complex multifunctional fluid that bathes the oral cavity to assist in soft and hard tissue maintenance, lubrication, buffering, defense against microbes, and initiating digestion of foods. It has been extensively characterized in humans but its protein composition in dogs remains poorly characterized, yet saliva composition could explain (patho) physiological differences between individuals, breeds and with humans. This pilot discovery study aimed to characterize canine saliva from two breeds, Labrador retrievers and Beagles, and to compare this with human saliva using quantitative mass spectrometry. The analysis demonstrated considerable inter-individual variation and difference between breeds; however these were small in comparison to the differences between species. Functional mapping suggested roles of detected proteins similar to those found in human saliva with the exception of the initiation of digestion as salivary amylase was lacking or at very low abundance in canine saliva samples. Many potential anti-microbial proteins were detected agreeing with the notion that the oral cavity is under continuous microbial challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Pasha
- Periodontal Research GroupSchool of DentistryInstitute of Clinical SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of Birmingham and Birmingham Community Healthcare Foundation TrustEdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Taichi Inui
- The WALTHAM Centre for Pet NutritionWaltham‐on‐the‐WoldsMelton MowbrayLeicestershireUK
| | - Iain Chapple
- Periodontal Research GroupSchool of DentistryInstitute of Clinical SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of Birmingham and Birmingham Community Healthcare Foundation TrustEdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Stephen Harris
- The WALTHAM Centre for Pet NutritionWaltham‐on‐the‐WoldsMelton MowbrayLeicestershireUK
| | - Lucy Holcombe
- The WALTHAM Centre for Pet NutritionWaltham‐on‐the‐WoldsMelton MowbrayLeicestershireUK
| | - Melissa M. Grant
- Periodontal Research GroupSchool of DentistryInstitute of Clinical SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of Birmingham and Birmingham Community Healthcare Foundation TrustEdgbastonBirminghamUK
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Torres SMF, Furrow E, Souza CP, Granick JL, de Jong EP, Griffin TJ, Wang X. Salivary proteomics of healthy dogs: An in depth catalog. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191307. [PMID: 29329347 PMCID: PMC5766244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To provide an in-depth catalog of the salivary proteome and endogenous peptidome of healthy dogs, evaluate proteins and peptides with antimicrobial properties, and compare the most common salivary proteins and peptides between different breed phylogeny groups. Methods 36 healthy dogs without evidence of periodontal disease representing four breed phylogeny groups, based upon single nucleotide polymorphism haplotypes (ancient, herding/sighthound, and two miscellaneous groups). Saliva collected from dogs was pooled by phylogeny group and analyzed using nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Resulting tandem mass spectra were compared to databases for identification of endogenous peptides and inferred proteins. Results 2,491 proteins and endogenous peptides were found in the saliva of healthy dogs with no periodontal disease. All dog phylogeny groups’ saliva was rich in proteins and peptides with antimicrobial functions. The ancient breeds group was distinct in that it contained unique proteins and was missing many proteins and peptides present in the other groups. Conclusions and clinical relevance Using a sophisticated nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we were able to identify 10-fold more salivary proteins than previously reported in dogs. Seven of the top 10 most abundant proteins or peptides serve immune functions and many more with various antimicrobial mechanisms were found. This is the most comprehensive analysis of healthy canine saliva to date, and will provide the groundwork for future studies analyzing salivary proteins and endogenous peptides in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila M. F. Torres
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Eva Furrow
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Clarissa P. Souza
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Granick
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ebbing P. de Jong
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biochemistry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
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29
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Mlecnik B, Galon J, Bindea G. Comprehensive functional analysis of large lists of genes and proteins. J Proteomics 2018; 171:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Clinical veterinary proteomics: Techniques and approaches to decipher the animal plasma proteome. Vet J 2017; 230:6-12. [PMID: 29208216 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, technological advancements in the field of proteomics have advanced our understanding of the complex biological systems of living organisms. Techniques based on mass spectrometry (MS) have emerged as powerful tools to contextualise existing genomic information and to create quantitative protein profiles from plasma, tissues or cell lines of various species. Proteomic approaches have been used increasingly in veterinary science to investigate biological processes responsible for growth, reproduction and pathological events. However, the adoption of proteomic approaches by veterinary investigators lags behind that of researchers in the human medical field. Furthermore, in contrast to human proteomics studies, interpretation of veterinary proteomic data is difficult due to the limited protein databases available for many animal species. This review article examines the current use of advanced proteomics techniques for evaluation of animal health and welfare and covers the current status of clinical veterinary proteomics research, including successful protein identification and data interpretation studies. It includes a description of an emerging tool, sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH-MS), available on selected mass spectrometry instruments. This newly developed data acquisition technique combines advantages of discovery and targeted proteomics approaches, and thus has the potential to advance the veterinary proteomics field by enhancing identification and reproducibility of proteomics data.
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31
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Iacopetti I, Perazzi A, Badon T, Bedin S, Contiero B, Ricci R. Salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus and selected enzymes in healthy dogs: a pilot study. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:330. [PMID: 29126424 PMCID: PMC5681786 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva in dogs, as in humans, is a complex fluid secreted by different salivary glands in the oral cavity to protect the oral mucosa and teeth. The use of saliva as a substitute for blood in diagnosing and prognosticating disease in humans is widely accepted. Salivary biochemistry has also been used as a marker for periodontal disease in humans. No studies have as yet investigated the relation between salivary biochemistry and periodontal disease in dogs, however; neither has the salivary composition of healthy dogs with no oral disease been assessed. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview on pH distribution and a set of salivary biochemical analytes (calcium, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase, lysozyme and amylase) commonly related to oral health in humans in a subset population of healthy young dogs with no periodontal disease or previous oral disease. Data were analyzed to gather salivary reference ranges for pH and each parameter and to assess a possible correlation between salivary and serum analytes. RESULTS Twenty-nine adult client-owned dogs were recruited for the study. Lactate dehydrogenase and lysozyme showed higher concentrations in saliva than in serum, whereas amylase showed the contrary. Salivary biochemistry values did not differ between males and females or between non-neutered and neutered individuals. No significant correlations between salivary and serum calcium, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase and lysozyme were identified in this study. Data allowed intervals for the salivary pH and other analytes investigated to be obtained from healthy dogs with healthy oral conditions. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data can contribute to enlarge our understanding of the functional role of saliva and its relation to oral health in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Iacopetti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Anna Perazzi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Tamara Badon
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Silvia Bedin
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Barbara Contiero
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Rebecca Ricci
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
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Kouki M, Papadimitriou S, Psalla D, Kolokotronis A, Rallis T. Chronic Gingivostomatitis with Esophagitis in Cats. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:1673-1679. [PMID: 28960466 PMCID: PMC5697197 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic gingivostomatitis in cats (FCG) is a debilitating disease with potentially deleterious effects on overall health. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Little is known about the pathophysiology and overall impact of FCG. The aims of our study were to investigate whether gingivostomatitis occurs concurrently with esophagitis, if FCG treatment contributes to esophagitis and if esophagitis exacerbates signs of FCG. ANIMALS Fifty-eight cats with clinical signs of FCG and 12 healthy control cats exhibiting no signs of oral disease, all client-owned. METHODS Prospective study. Physical, oral and endoscopic examinations were performed on all cats. Measurements of salivary and esophageal lumen pH were obtained from both groups. Biopsies were acquired from sites of esophageal inflammation in cats with FCG and from normal-appearing esophageal mucosa in control cats. RESULTS The majority of cats with clinical signs of FCG exhibited some degree of esophagitis especially in the proximal (44/58) and distal (53/58) parts (P < 0.001) with or without columnar metaplasia, compared to controls. All cats lacked signs related to gastrointestinal disease. Salivary and esophageal lumen pH were not statistically different compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Feline chronic gingivostomatitis seems to occur concurrently with esophagitis. Esophagitis also should be managed in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis because it may aggravate the existing condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.I. Kouki
- Companion Animal Clinic, Surgery and Obstetrics UnitSchool of Veterinary MedicineAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece
| | - S.A. Papadimitriou
- Companion Animal Clinic, Surgery and Obstetrics UnitSchool of Veterinary MedicineAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece
| | - D. Psalla
- Laboratory of PathologySchool of Veterinary MedicineAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece
| | - A. Kolokotronis
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral PathologySchool of DentistryAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece
| | - T.S. Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic, Internal Medicine UnitSchool of Veterinary MedicineAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece
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MacLean EL, Gesquiere LR, Gee N, Levy K, Martin WL, Carter CS. Validation of salivary oxytocin and vasopressin as biomarkers in domestic dogs. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 293:67-76. [PMID: 28865986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) and Vasopressin (AVP) are phylogenetically conserved neuropeptides with effects on social behavior, cognition and stress responses. Although OT and AVP are most commonly measured in blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), these approaches present an array of challenges including concerns related to the invasiveness of sample collection, the potential for matrix interference in immunoassays, and whether samples can be collected at precise time points to assess event-linked endocrine responses. NEW METHOD We validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the measurement of salivary OT and AVP in domestic dogs. RESULTS Both OT and AVP were present in dog saliva and detectable by ELISA and high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). OT concentrations in dog saliva were much higher than those typically detected in humans. OT concentrations in the same samples analyzed with and without sample extraction were highly correlated, but this was not true for AVP. ELISA validation studies revealed good accuracy and parallelism, both with and without solid phase extraction. Collection of salivary samples with different synthetic swabs, or following salivary stimulation or the consumption of food led to variance in results. However, samples collected from the same dogs using different techniques tended to be positively correlated. We detected concurrent elevations in salivary and plasma OT during nursing. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS There are currently no other validated methods for measuring OT/AVP in dog saliva. CONCLUSIONS OT and AVP are present in dog saliva, and ELISAs for their detection are methodologically valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L MacLean
- School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
| | | | - Nancy Gee
- Waltham Centre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham on the Wolds, Leicestershire, LE14 4RT, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Fredonia, NY 14063, United States
| | - Kerinne Levy
- Canine Companions for Independence, Santa Rosa, CA, 95407, United States
| | | | - C Sue Carter
- Kinsey Institute and Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
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Contreras-Aguilar MD, Tecles F, Martínez-Subiela S, Escribano D, Bernal LJ, Cerón JJ. Detection and measurement of alpha-amylase in canine saliva and changes after an experimentally induced sympathetic activation. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:266. [PMID: 28830550 PMCID: PMC5568211 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1191-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is considered a biomarker of sympathetic activation in humans, but there is controversy regarding the existence of sAA in dogs. The hypothesis of this study was that sAA exists in dogs and it could change in situations of sympathetic stimulation. Therefore, the aims of this study were: 1) to demonstrate the presence of alpha-amylase in saliva of dogs by Western-Blot, 2) to validate an spectrophotometric method for the measurement of sAA activity and 3) to evaluate the possible changes in sAA activity after the induction of an ejaculation in dogs which is known to produce a sympathetic activation. RESULTS Western-Blot demonstrated a band in dog saliva specimens between 60 kDa and 50 kDa, similar to purified sAA. The spectrophotometric assay validated showed an adequate inter- and intra-assay precision, and a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.999) in the linearity under dilution study. sAA median activity significantly increased just after ejaculation compared with just before the ejaculation (2.06-fold, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the existence of alpha-amylase in saliva of dogs and that this enzyme can be measured by a spectrophotometric assay. In addition, results showed that sAA increase after a sympathetic activation and could be potentially used as non-invasive biomarker of sympathetic activity in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Contreras-Aguilar
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Silvia Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Damián Escribano
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Food and Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Jesús Bernal
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Joaquín Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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Fernández CI, Wiley AS. Rethinking the starch digestion hypothesis forAMY1copy number variation in humans. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 163:645-657. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina I. Fernández
- Indiana University Bloomington; 701 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington Indiana 47405-7100
| | - Andrea S. Wiley
- Indiana University Bloomington; 701 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington Indiana 47405-7100
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Zeng F, Li Z, Zhu Q, Dong R, Zhao C, Li G, Li G, Gao W, Jiang G, Zheng E, Cai G, Moisyadi S, Urschitz J, Yang H, Liu D, Wu Z. Production of functional human nerve growth factor from the saliva of transgenic mice by using salivary glands as bioreactors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41270. [PMID: 28117418 PMCID: PMC5259756 DOI: 10.1038/srep41270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The salivary glands of animals have great potential to act as powerful bioreactors to produce human therapeutic proteins. Human nerve growth factor (hNGF) is an important pharmaceutical protein that is clinically effective in the treatment of many human neuronal and non-neuronal diseases. In this study, we generated 18 transgenic (TG) founder mice each carrying a salivary gland specific promoter-driven hNGF transgene. A TG mouse line secreting high levels of hNGF protein in its saliva (1.36 μg/mL) was selected. hNGF protein was successfully purified from the saliva of these TG mice and its identity was verified. The purified hNGF was highly functional as it displayed the ability to induce neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Furthermore, it strongly promoted proliferation of TF1 cells, above the levels observed with mouse NGF. Additionally, saliva collected from TG mice and containing unpurified hNGF was able to significantly enhance the growth of TF1 cells. This study not only provides a new and efficient approach for the synthesis of therapeutic hNGF but also supports the concept that salivary gland from TG animals is an efficient system for production of valuable foreign proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zicong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qingchun Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rui Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guoling Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guo Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenchao Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gelong Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Stefan Moisyadi
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 96822, USA
- Manoa BioSciences, 1717 Mott-Smith Dr. #3213, Honolulu, 96822, USA
| | - Johann Urschitz
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 96822, USA
| | - Huaqiang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Kim S, Cho YS, Kim HM, Chung O, Kim H, Jho S, Seomun H, Kim J, Bang WY, Kim C, An J, Bae CH, Bhak Y, Jeon S, Yoon H, Kim Y, Jun J, Lee H, Cho S, Uphyrkina O, Kostyria A, Goodrich J, Miquelle D, Roelke M, Lewis J, Yurchenko A, Bankevich A, Cho J, Lee S, Edwards JS, Weber JA, Cook J, Kim S, Lee H, Manica A, Lee I, O'Brien SJ, Bhak J, Yeo JH. Comparison of carnivore, omnivore, and herbivore mammalian genomes with a new leopard assembly. Genome Biol 2016; 17:211. [PMID: 27802837 PMCID: PMC5090899 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-1071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are three main dietary groups in mammals: carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores. Currently, there is limited comparative genomics insight into the evolution of dietary specializations in mammals. Due to recent advances in sequencing technologies, we were able to perform in-depth whole genome analyses of representatives of these three dietary groups. RESULTS We investigated the evolution of carnivory by comparing 18 representative genomes from across Mammalia with carnivorous, omnivorous, and herbivorous dietary specializations, focusing on Felidae (domestic cat, tiger, lion, cheetah, and leopard), Hominidae, and Bovidae genomes. We generated a new high-quality leopard genome assembly, as well as two wild Amur leopard whole genomes. In addition to a clear contraction in gene families for starch and sucrose metabolism, the carnivore genomes showed evidence of shared evolutionary adaptations in genes associated with diet, muscle strength, agility, and other traits responsible for successful hunting and meat consumption. Additionally, an analysis of highly conserved regions at the family level revealed molecular signatures of dietary adaptation in each of Felidae, Hominidae, and Bovidae. However, unlike carnivores, omnivores and herbivores showed fewer shared adaptive signatures, indicating that carnivores are under strong selective pressure related to diet. Finally, felids showed recent reductions in genetic diversity associated with decreased population sizes, which may be due to the inflexible nature of their strict diet, highlighting their vulnerability and critical conservation status. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a large-scale family level comparative genomic analysis to address genomic changes associated with dietary specialization. Our genomic analyses also provide useful resources for diet-related genetic and health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonok Kim
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sung Cho
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Min Kim
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Oksung Chung
- Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunho Kim
- Geromics, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoong Jho
- Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seomun
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongho Kim
- Cheongju Zoo, Cheongju, 28311, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Young Bang
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmu Kim
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwa An
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjune Bhak
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Jeon
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejun Yoon
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Kim
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - JeHoon Jun
- Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea.,Geromics, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeJin Lee
- Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea.,Geromics, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Suan Cho
- Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea.,Geromics, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Olga Uphyrkina
- Institute of Biology & Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Aleksey Kostyria
- Institute of Biology & Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | | | - Dale Miquelle
- Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY, 10460, USA.,Department of Ecology, Far Eastern Federal University, Ayaks, Russki Island, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia
| | - Melody Roelke
- Laboratory of Animal Sciences Program, Leídos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - John Lewis
- International Zoo Veterinary Group (UK) IZVG LLP, Station House, Parkwood Street, Keighley, BD21 4NQ, UK
| | - Andrey Yurchenko
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199004, Russia
| | - Anton Bankevich
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute for Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Juok Cho
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Semin Lee
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jeremy S Edwards
- Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jessica A Weber
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jo Cook
- Zoological Society of London, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics & Life Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang Lee
- Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrea Manica
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Ilbeum Lee
- Daejeon O-World, Daejeon, 35073, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen J O'Brien
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199004, Russia. .,Oceanographic Center 8000 N. Ocean Drive, Nova Southeastern University, Ft Lauderdale, FL, 33004, USA.
| | - Jong Bhak
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea. .,Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea. .,Geromics, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
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CanisOme — The protein signatures of Canis lupus familiaris diseases. J Proteomics 2016; 136:193-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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