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Narimiya T, Kanzaki H, Yamaguchi Y, Wada S, Katsumata Y, Tanaka K, Tomonari H. Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppresses osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting IL-6 expression. Bone Rep 2019; 11:100228. [PMID: 31763378 PMCID: PMC6861591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ALA/SFC induced the activation of Nrf2 in osteoblasts. IL-6 and RANKL expression in osteoblasts was increased by LPS, but decreased by Nrf2 activation. LPS-mediated RANKL augmentation was dependent on IL-6 induction. Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppresses indirectly osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting the expression of IL-6.
Bone destructive diseases such as periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are caused by excessive activation of osteoclasts. Osteoclastogenesis is regulated by Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL) produced by osteoclastogenesis supporting cells such as osteoblast and osteocyte. Previously, we reported that NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation in osteoclast precursors inhibited osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction via induction of anti-oxidation and thereby attenuated intracellular ROS signaling. However, it still remains unknown whether Nrf2 activation in cells other than osteoclasts give any negative influence on supporting property for osteoclastogenesis. Here we discovered that Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppresses indirectly osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) which promotes osteoclastogenesis. In this study, 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) and sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) was used as the Nrf2 activator. in vitro experiments, using osteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1, revealed that the expression of IL-6 was increased by LPS stimulation, but decreased after ALA/SFC treatment in mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, RANKL expression was augmented by LPS, which was blocked by ALA/SFC treatment. Neutralizing antibody against IL-6 confirmed that LPS-mediated RANKL augmentation was dependent on IL-6 induction. in vivo experiments with LPS-mediated bone destruction in mice, confirmed that augmented IL-6 expression in osteoblasts by immunochemical analysis. ALA/SFC treatment attenuated LPS-mediated IL-6 upregulation. These results suggest that Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppress IL-6 and inflammatory bone destruction. The Nrf2 activator acts not only on osteoclasts but also on osteoblasts, in other word, Nrf2 activation indirectly suppresses osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, the Nrf2 activator exhibits dual inhibitory effects via direct action on osteoclast and indirect action on osteoclast supporting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomonari
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
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Onozaki K. [Interluekin-1: from regulation of cell proliferation to chronic inflammatory diseases]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2013; 133:645-60. [PMID: 23728092 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.13-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) was initially defined as a factor which is produced by macrophages and exhibits proliferative activity on thymocytes and fibroblasts, B cell activation and endogenous pyrogen activity. Now IL-1 is known to exhibit pleiotropic activities on various cell types and play important roles in the regulation of immune, nervous and endocrine systems, progression of tumor cells, hematopoietic cell proliferation/differentiation and especially in inflammatory diseases. In 1985 I found that IL-1 exhibits cytocidal activity against human melanoma cells. Since then I have been engaged in the research of various aspects of IL-1. This review summarizes current knowledge of IL-1, including our research and beneficial effect of IL-1 blocking on inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikuo Onozaki
- Department of Molecular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
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Adachi M, Okamoto S, Chujyo S, Arakawa T, Yokoyama M, Yamada K, Hayashi A, Akita K, Takeno M, Itoh S, Takii T, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Otsuka T, Hayakawa K, Miyazawa K, Onozaki K. Cigarette smoke condensate extracts induce IL-1-beta production from rheumatoid arthritis patient-derived synoviocytes, but not osteoarthritis patient-derived synoviocytes, through aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent NF-kappa-B activation and novel NF-kappa-B sites. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2013; 33:297-307. [PMID: 23452206 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2012.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major established environmental risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and synoviocyte-derived proinflammatory cytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis of RA. We have reported that aryl hydrocarbon or cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) is able to upregulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines from an RA patient-derived synovial fibroblast cell line MH7A. In this study, we compared the effect of CSC on induction of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) from RA or osteoarthritis (OA) patient-derived synovial fibroblasts, and studied the mechanism of the effect of CSC. CSC induced IL-1β mRNA from RA patient-derived synoviocytes and MH7A, but not from OA patient-derived synoviocytes. CSC induced the mRNA and both precursor and mature forms of IL-1β, and caspase-1 activity in MH7A. The mechanism of CSC-induced IL-1β mRNA expression was investigated in MH7A. Reporter gene analyses and promoter pull-down assay indicated that 3 novel NF-κB sites at -3771 to -3762 bp, -3105 to -3096 bp, and -2787 to -2778 bp in the promoter region of the IL-1β gene, especially the far distal NF-κB site and NF-κB activation, are critical for the gene activation by CSC. CSC-induced NF-κB activation, IL-1β promoter activity, IL-1β mRNA upregulation, and CYP1A1 mRNA induction were all inhibited by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist α-naphthoflavone. These results indicate that CSC induced IL-1β production from RA patient-derived synoviocytes, but not OA patient-derived synoviocytes, through AhR-dependent NF-κB activation and novel NF-κB sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Adachi
- Department of Molecular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Karouzakis E, Gay RE, Michel BA, Gay S, Neidhart M. DNA hypomethylation in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 60:3613-22. [DOI: 10.1002/art.25018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Soper DL, Sheville J, O'Neil SV, Wang Y, Laufersweiler MC, Oppong KA, Wos JA, Ellis CD, Fancher AN, Lu W, Suchanek MK, Wang RL, De B, Demuth TP. Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1-(2-acylhydrazinocarbonyl)-cycloalkyl carboxamides as interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4233-6. [PMID: 16782334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2006] [Revised: 05/22/2006] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel 1-(2-acylhydrazinocarbonyl)cycloalkyl carboxamides were designed as peptidomimetic inhibitors of interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE). A short synthesis was developed and moderately potent ICE inhibitors were identified (IC(50) values <100 nM). Most of the synthesized examples were selective for ICE versus the related cysteine proteases caspase-3 and caspase-8, although several dual-acting inhibitors of ICE and caspase-8 were identified. Several of the more potent ICE inhibitors were also shown to inhibit IL-1beta production in a whole cell assay (IC(50) < 500 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Soper
- Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Mason, OH 45040, USA
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6
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Aida Y, Maeno M, Suzuki N, Shiratsuchi H, Motohashi M, Matsumura H. The effect of IL-1beta on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases in human chondrocytes. Life Sci 2005; 77:3210-21. [PMID: 15979654 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2005] [Revised: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/24/2005] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays key roles in altering cartilage matrix turnover. This turnover is regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In the present study, we examined the effect of IL-1beta on cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, and the expression of MMPs, and TIMPs in chondrocytes derived from normal human femoral cartilage. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 15% fetal bovine serum and 0, 1, 10, or 100 U/ml of IL-1beta for up to 28 days. The level of expression of MMPs and TIMPs was estimated by determining mRNA levels using real-time PCR and by determining protein levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell proliferation decreased in the presence of IL-1beta after day 21 of culture. ALPase activity decreased significantly in the presence of IL-1beta after day 10 of culture. The expression of MMP-1, -2, and -3 increased markedly in the presence of IL-1beta after day 21 of culture. MMP-13 expression increased markedly in the presence of IL-1beta on day 1 of culture, but decreased markedly after day 7. The expression of TIMP-1 increased significantly after day 14 of culture. The expression of TIMP-2 decreased significantly on day 1, but increased significantly from day 3 to day 14 of culture. These results suggest that IL-1beta may stimulate cartilage matrix turnover by increasing mainly MMP-13 production by the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Aida
- Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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Matsui K, Tsutsui H, Nakanishi K. Pathophysiological roles for IL-18 in inflammatory arthritis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2005; 7:701-24. [PMID: 14640907 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.7.6.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IL-18 is a unique cytokine with prominently wide spectrum biological actions. Among these, its IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha-inducing activity primarily contributes to the development of various inflammatory diseases including inflammatory arthritis. IL-18 levels correlate with the disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). IL-18 is spontaneously released from RA synovial cells and OA chondrocytes and seems to participate in the development of the inflammatory and destructive alterations of joints via induction of TNF-alpha, a potent effector molecule. TNF-alpha, in turn, increases IL-18 expression in RA synovial cells. Recent clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of TNF-alpha in RA with a reduction in circulatory IL-18 levels. These may implicate the positive circuit between IL-18 and TNF-alpha for development of RA. As IL-18-deficient mice evade collagen-induced arthritis in a mouse RA model, therapeutics targeting IL-18 may be beneficial against RA/OA. Here, the authors review the possible roles of IL-18 in inflammatory arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibody Formation
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/physiopathology
- Autoimmune Diseases/therapy
- Chondrocytes/metabolism
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/physiology
- Cytokines/physiology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Infections/immunology
- Inflammation/physiopathology
- Interleukin-18/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-18/deficiency
- Interleukin-18/genetics
- Interleukin-18/physiology
- Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit
- Membrane Glycoproteins/drug effects
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Immunological
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Osteoarthritis/immunology
- Osteoarthritis/physiopathology
- Osteoarthritis/therapy
- Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Receptors, Interleukin/drug effects
- Receptors, Interleukin/physiology
- Receptors, Interleukin-18
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Synovial Membrane/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Matsui
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Murata M, Trahan C, Hirahashi J, Mankin HJ, Towle CA. Intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2003:285-95. [PMID: 12671514 DOI: 10.1097/01.blo.0000059582.08469.ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to determine whether the balance of interleukin-1 and intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in chondrocytes in osteoarthritic human joints favors agonist action. Chondrocytes were isolated from cartilage specimens taken at the time of joint arthroplasty. Interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-1beta, and intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist messenger ribonucleic acids were assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and chondrocyte lysates were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the respective proteins. Type I intracellular interleukin receptor antagonist transcripts were the only intracellular variant detected in osteoarthritis chondrocytes. In cartilage graded as advanced osteoarthritis both interleukin proteins in chondrocyte lysates decreased, correlating with decreased interleukin-1alpha and beta messenger ribonucleic acids. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist exceeded interleukin-1alpha in chondrocyte lysates by one order of magnitude except that in moderate osteoarthritis, antagonist was only two- to fourfold in excess. Interleukin-1alpha and interleukin-1beta proteins were correlated closely in individual lysates, with interleukin-1beta exceeding interleukin-1beta by one order of magnitude. In moderately degenerated cartilage, intracellular antagonist may not be sufficiently abundant to block postulated intracellular functions of precursor interleukin-1alpha. Furthermore, if stored interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin receptor antagonist are released from chondrocytes, the localized antagonist would be insufficient to prevent signaling through cell surface receptors. Chondrocyte-derived interleukin-1alpha and interleukin-1beta may locally overwhelm inhibition by interleukin receptor antagonist to promote the early degenerative changes in osteoarthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antirheumatic Agents/analysis
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee
- Chondrocytes/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression/genetics
- Humans
- Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
- Interleukin-1/analysis
- Interleukin-1/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/genetics
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/pathology
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/surgery
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/genetics
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-1/analysis
- Receptors, Interleukin-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-1/genetics
- Sialoglycoproteins/analysis
- Sialoglycoproteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Murata
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Tobe M, Ogura N, Abiko Y, Nagura H. Interleukin-1beta stimulates interleukin-8 production and gene expression in synovial cells from human temporomandibular joint. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 60:741-7. [PMID: 12089685 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2002.33239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of the present study were to isolate and characterize cultured synovial cells from human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) specimens and to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-1beta on IL-8 production and gene expression in those cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Synovial cells (HTS cells) were isolated from TMJ synovial tissues using an outgrowth method and then primary cultured. The cells were examined for cell-specific markers of fibroblast, macrophage, and dendritic cells using immunocytochemistry. HTS cells were then treated with IL-1beta, and amounts of IL-8 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-8 production and expression were also investigated using immunocytochemistry and a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS HTS cells were positive for the fibroblast-specific markers, such as vimentin and propyl 4-hydroxylase. The macrophage or dendritic cell markers and HLA class II antigen were negative. Furthermore, IL-1beta enhanced IL-8 production in HTS cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner and stimulated IL-8 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS HTS cells may provide important advantages for studies of the cellular and molecular mechanisms in the TMJ. In addition, we found that IL-1beta stimulated IL-8 production through an increase in IL-8 gene expression in HTS cells, which may be associated with the increase of infiltrating inflammatory cells seen in the synovial membrane of TMJ disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Tobe
- Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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Chauvet N, Palin K, Verrier D, Poole S, Dantzer R, Lestage J. Rat microglial cells secrete predominantly the precursor of interleukin-1beta in response to lipopolysaccharide. Eur J Neurosci 2001; 14:609-17. [PMID: 11556886 DOI: 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Little is known on the forms of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) that are produced by microglial cells in the nervous system. Mixed glial cell cultures of rats produced IL-1beta in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using Western blot, pro-IL-1beta was found to be localized both intracellularly and in the supernatant, whereas mature IL-1beta was found only in the supernatant but in lower quantities than pro-IL-1beta. Immunocytochemistry confirmed that microglial cells are the exclusive source of IL-1beta. Blockade of the IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE) by Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-aldehyde (YVAD-CHO) decreased the levels of mature IL-1beta but had no effect on pro-IL-1beta. Release of pro-IL-1beta was not associated with cell death nor with the extracellular release of ICE. Using gelatin zymography, glial cells were found to express constitutive matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in the form of MMP-2. Exposure to LPS induced MMP-9 expression in a time-dependent manner similar to the pro-IL-1beta expression profile. MMP activation and inhibition experiments indicated a possible role of MMPs in the cleavage of pro-IL-1beta but not in the generation of mature IL-1beta. Microglial cells share with macrophages the ability to release large amounts of pro-IL-1beta of which the extracellular role remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chauvet
- INRA-INSERM U.394, Rue C. Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Human Monocytoid Leukemia Cells Are Highly Sensitive to Apoptosis Induced by 2′-Deoxycoformycin and 2′-Deoxyadenosine: Association With dATP-Dependent Activation of Caspase-3. Blood 1998. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v92.9.3368.421k27_3368_3375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor 2′-deoxycoformycin (dCF) significantly inhibits the proliferation of leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. When cells were incubated in the presence of both dCF and 2′-deoxyadenosine (dAd), the concentration of dCF required to induce apoptosis of monocytoid leukemia cells was much lower than that required for myeloid, erythroid, or lymphoma cell lines. Among the cell lines tested, U937 cells were the most sensitive to this treatment. The concentration of dCF that effectively inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells was 1/1,000 of that required for lymphoma cell lines, on a molar basis. However, the uptake of dCF or dAd in U937 cells was comparable with that in other leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. The intracellular accumulation of dATP in U937 cells was only slightly higher than that in other leukemia cells in dCF-treated culture. Treatment with dCF plus dAd induced apoptosis in U937 cells at low concentrations, and this apoptosis was reduced by treatment with caspase inhibitors. Induction of caspase-3 (CPP32) activity accompanied the apoptosis induced by dCF plus dAd. No activation of CPP32 was observed in cytosol prepared from exponentially growing leukemia and lymphoma cells. However, dATP effectively induced CPP32 activation in cytosol from monocytoid cells, but not in that from nonmonocytoid cells, suggesting that dATP-dependent CPP32 activation is at least partly involved in the preferential induction of apoptosis in monocytoid leukemia cells. The combination of dCF and dAd may be useful for the clinical treatment of acute monocytic leukemia.© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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Human Monocytoid Leukemia Cells Are Highly Sensitive to Apoptosis Induced by 2′-Deoxycoformycin and 2′-Deoxyadenosine: Association With dATP-Dependent Activation of Caspase-3. Blood 1998. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v92.9.3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor 2′-deoxycoformycin (dCF) significantly inhibits the proliferation of leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. When cells were incubated in the presence of both dCF and 2′-deoxyadenosine (dAd), the concentration of dCF required to induce apoptosis of monocytoid leukemia cells was much lower than that required for myeloid, erythroid, or lymphoma cell lines. Among the cell lines tested, U937 cells were the most sensitive to this treatment. The concentration of dCF that effectively inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells was 1/1,000 of that required for lymphoma cell lines, on a molar basis. However, the uptake of dCF or dAd in U937 cells was comparable with that in other leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. The intracellular accumulation of dATP in U937 cells was only slightly higher than that in other leukemia cells in dCF-treated culture. Treatment with dCF plus dAd induced apoptosis in U937 cells at low concentrations, and this apoptosis was reduced by treatment with caspase inhibitors. Induction of caspase-3 (CPP32) activity accompanied the apoptosis induced by dCF plus dAd. No activation of CPP32 was observed in cytosol prepared from exponentially growing leukemia and lymphoma cells. However, dATP effectively induced CPP32 activation in cytosol from monocytoid cells, but not in that from nonmonocytoid cells, suggesting that dATP-dependent CPP32 activation is at least partly involved in the preferential induction of apoptosis in monocytoid leukemia cells. The combination of dCF and dAd may be useful for the clinical treatment of acute monocytic leukemia.© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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Hansen MB, Andersen V, Rohde K, Florescu A, Ross C, Svenson M, Bendtzen K. Cytokine autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 1995; 24:197-203. [PMID: 7481581 DOI: 10.3109/03009749509100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sera from 42 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 40 healthy controls (HC) were examined for cytokine autoantibodies (CK-aAb) by accurate and sensitive radioimmunoassays. The prevalences of detectable CK-aAb in RA (HC) were: aAb-IL-1 alpha = 36% (38%); aAb-IL-6 = 29% (13%), p = 0.06; aAb-IL-8 = 0% (0%); aAb-IFN alpha = 12% (3%), p = 0.11. The levels of the individual CK-aAb did not correlate, and there were no correlations between CK-aAb levels and clinical or laboratory variables. CK-aAb levels remained constant in 8 RA patients tested over a period of 6 months. With regard to alterations in aAb-IL-1 alpha levels, 4/11 HC were consistently positive over 18-36 months; 2/11 converted and became highly positive. The levels of aAb-IFN alpha and aAb-IL-6, but not aAb-IL-1 alpha, tended to be increased in RA patients; aAb-IL-8 were undetectable in both RA and HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Hansen
- Division of Rheumatology and Dermatology RHIMA Center, Rigshospitalet, National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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