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Das P, Mehra A, Sachan SG, Chattopadhyay S. Screening different solid supports for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and determining its efficiency for decolorization and degradation of congo red. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:402. [PMID: 39261342 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
A global water crisis is emerging due to increasing levels of contaminated water and decreasing clean water supply on Earth. This study aims to address the removal of azo dye from wastewater to enable its reuse. Recently, utilizing microorganisms has been proven to be a practical choice for the remediation of azo dyes in wastewater. Hence, in this study, we employed a preformed biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a solid support (called substrate) to degrade azo dyes. This process offers several advantages, such as stability, substrate portability, more biofilm production in less time, and efficient utilization of enzymes for remediation. From 50 ppm of initial Congo Red concentration, 75.74% decolorization was achieved within ten h using a preformed biofilm on a coverslip. A maximum of 52.27% decolorization was achieved using biofilm during its formation after 72 h of incubation. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis of Congo Red dye before and after remediation revealed a significant change in peak intensity, indicating dye degradation. Phytotoxicity studies performed by seed germination with Vigna radiata revealed that, after 5-7 days, almost 40% more seeds with longer root and shoot lengths were germinated in the presence of treated dye compared to the untreated one. This data indicated that the harmful Congo Red was successfully degraded to a non-toxic product by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm grown on a glass substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranati Das
- Department of Bioengineering & Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Anshita Mehra
- Department of Bioengineering & Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Shashwati Ghosh Sachan
- Department of Bioengineering & Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Soham Chattopadhyay
- Department of Bioengineering & Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India.
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Haque MM, Hossen MN, Rahman A, Roy J, Talukder MR, Ahmed M, Ahiduzzaman M, Haque MA. Decolorization, degradation and detoxification of mutagenic dye Methyl orange by novel biofilm producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140568. [PMID: 38303387 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Discharge of untreated dyeing wastewater nearby water-bodies is one of major causes of water pollution. Generally, bacterial strains isolated from industrial effluents and/or contaminated soils are used for the bioremediation of Methyl orange (MO), a mutagenic recalcitrant mono-azo dye, used in textiles and biomedical. However, MO degradation by biofilm producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (BPPGPR) was not studied yet. In this study, 19 out of 21 BPPGPR strains decolorized 96.3-99.9% and 89.5-96.3% MO under microaerophilic and aerobic conditions, respectively from Luria-Bertani broth (LBB) followed by yeast-extract peptone and salt-optimized broth plus glycerol media within 120 h of incubation at 28 °C. Only selected BPPGPR including Pseudomonas fluorescens ESR7, P. veronii ESR13, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ESR20, Staphylococcus saprophyticus ESD8, and P. parafulva ESB18 were examined for process optimization of MO decolorization using a single factor optimization method. This study showed that under optimal conditions (e.g., LBB, 100 mg L-1 MO, pH 7, incubation of 96 h, 28 °C), these strains could remove 99.1-99.8% and 97.6-99.5% MO under microaerophilic and aerobic conditions, respectively. Total azoreductase and laccase activities responsible for biodegradation were also remarkably activated in the biodegraded samples under optimal conditions, while these activities were repressed under unfavorable conditions (e.g., 40 °C and 7.5% NaCl). This study confirmed that MO was degraded and detoxified by these bacterial strains through breakage of azo bond. So far, this is the first report on bioremediation of MO by the BPPGPR strains. These BPPGPR strains are highly promising to be utilized for the bioremediation of dyeing wastewater in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Manjurul Haque
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Nayeem Hossen
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Ashikur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Joty Roy
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Raihan Talukder
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Minhaz Ahmed
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahiduzzaman
- Department of Agro-processing, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Amdadul Haque
- Department of Agro-processing, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
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Wu S, Zhong J, Lei Q, Song H, Chen SF, Wahla AQ, Bhatt K, Chen S. New roles for Bacillus thuringiensis in the removal of environmental pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116699. [PMID: 37481057 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, the well-known Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been extensively studied and developed as a biological insecticide for Lepidoptera and Coleoptera pests due to its ability to secrete a large number of specific insecticidal proteins. In recent years, studies have found that Bt strains can also potentially biodegrade residual pollutants in the environment. Many researchers have isolated Bt strains from multiple sites polluted by exogenous compounds and characterized and identified their xenobiotic-degrading potential. Furthermore, its pathway for degradation was also investigated at molecular level, and a number of major genes/enzymes responsible for degradation have been explored. At present, a variety of xenobiotics involved in degradation in Bt have been reported, including inorganic pollutants (used in the field of heavy metal biosorption and recovery and precious metal recovery and regeneration), pesticides (chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, 2,2-dichloropropionic acid, etc.), organic tin, petroleum and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, reactive dyes (congo red, methyl orange, methyl blue, etc.), and ibuprofen, among others. In this paper, the biodegrading ability of Bt is reviewed according to the categories of related pollutants, so as to emphasize that Bt is a powerful agent for removing environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiqi Lei
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haoran Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shao-Fang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Abdul Qadeer Wahla
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kalpana Bhatt
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Umar A, Abid I, Elshikh MS, Dufossé L, Abdel-Azeem AM, Ali I. Agitation role (Dissolved Oxygen) in production of laccase from newly identified Ganoderma multistipitatum sp. nov. and its effect on mycelium morphology. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:280. [PMID: 37784032 PMCID: PMC10544602 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agitation speed influenced the production rate of laccase. Orbital speed not only influenced the enzyme production, but was also effective to dissolve the oxygen during growth of mycelium, spores, and chlamydospores. Shear effects of speed greatly influenced the morphology of mycelium. METHODS Ganoderma multistipitatum was identified by ITS marker. Phylogenetic tree was constructed for species identification. Qualitatively by plate method contained guaiacol indicator, while quantitatively by submerged fermentation and Central Composite Design applied on agitation parameter for maximum laccase potential of this species. The effects of agitation speed on mycelium morphology were observed under compound and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS Statistical optimization of agitation conditions were performed by using response surface methodology to enhance the production of laccase from Ganoderma multistipitatum sp. nov. Maximum laccase yield (19.44 × 105 ± 0.28 U/L) was obtained at 150 rpm grown culture, which was higher than predicted value of laccase production (19.18 × 105 U/L) under aerobic conditions (150 rpm). The 150 rpm provided the continuous flush of oxygen. The DO (dissolved oxygen) was maximum (65%) for "27 h" incubation at 150 rpm during laccase synthesis. The statistical value of laccase production was minimum under anaerobic or nearly static condition of 50 rpm. The predicted (12.78 × 105 U/L) and obtained (12.82 × 105 U/L) yield was low at 50 rpm. Optimization of orbital shaking for aeration conditions were performed by the use of "Response Surface Methodology". The submerged shaking flasks were utilized as a nutrients growth medium to maximize the production of laccase from G. multistipitatum. The minimum incubation time highly influenced the laccase yield from 7 to 15 days via utilization of less cost-effective medium under a promising and eco-friendly method. The morphological effects of rpm on mycelium were examined under compound and scanning electron microscopy. Higher rpm (200, 230) shear the mycelium, while 150 to 200 rpm exhibited smoother and highly dense branches of mycelia. CONCLUSION The shear forces of 200 rpm caused the damages of mycelium and cells autolysis with less laccase production. This study concluded that 150 rpm saved the life of mycelium and enhanced the production rate of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Umar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Islem Abid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire CHEMBIOPRO (Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels), ESIROI Département agroalimentaire, Université de La Réunion, 15 avenue René Cassin, Saint-Denis, 97490, France
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Azeem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, Republic of South Africa.
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- School of Life Sciences & Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Liaqat I, Khalid A, Rubab S, Rashid F, Latif AA, Naseem S, Bibi A, Khan BN, Ansar W, Javed A, Afzaal M, Summer M, Majid S, Ali S, Aftab MN. In Vitro Biofilm-Mediated Biodegradation of Pesticides and Dye-Contaminated Effluents Using Bacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2163. [PMID: 37764007 PMCID: PMC10535849 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overuse of pesticides in agricultural soil and dye-polluted effluents severely contaminates the environment and is toxic to animals and humans making their removal from the environment essential. The present study aimed to assess the biodegradation of pesticides (cypermethrin (CYP) and imidacloprid (IMI)), and dyes (malachite green (MG) and Congo red (CR)) using biofilms of bacteria isolated from pesticide-contaminated soil and dye effluents. Biofilms of indigenous bacteria, i.e., Bacillus thuringiensis 2A (OP554568), Enterobacter hormaechei 4A (OP723332), Bacillus sp. 5A (OP586601), and Bacillus cereus 6B (OP586602) individually and in mixed culture were tested against CYP and IMI. Biofilms of indigenous bacteria i.e., Lysinibacillus sphaericus AF1 (OP589134), Bacillus sp. CF3 (OP589135) and Bacillus sp. DF4 (OP589136) individually and in mixed culture were tested for their ability to degrade dyes. The biofilm of a mixed culture of B. thuringiensis + Bacillus sp. (P7) showed 46.2% degradation of CYP compared to the biofilm of a mixed culture of B. thuringiensis + E. hormaechei + Bacillus sp. + B. cereus (P11), which showed significantly high degradation (70.0%) of IMI. Regarding dye biodegradation, a mixed culture biofilm of Bacillus sp. + Bacillus sp. (D6) showed 86.76% degradation of MG, which was significantly high compared to a mixed culture biofilm of L. sphaericus + Bacillus sp. (D4) that degraded only 30.78% of CR. UV-VIS spectroscopy revealed major peaks at 224 nm, 263 nm, 581 nm and 436 nm for CYP, IMI, MG and CR, respectively, which completely disappeared after treatment with bacterial biofilms. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed the appearance of new peaks in degraded metabolites and disappearance of a peak in the control spectrum after biofilm treatment. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis also confirmed the degradation of CYP, IMI, MG and CR into several metabolites compared to the control. The present study demonstrates the biodegradation potential of biofilm-forming bacteria isolated from pesticide-polluted soil and dye effluents against pesticides and dyes. This is the first report demonstrating biofilm-mediated bio-degradation of CYP, IMI, MG and CR utilizing soil and effluent bacterial flora from Multan and Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Liaqat
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (W.A.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Awais Khalid
- Department of Physics, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Saima Rubab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lahore Pharmacy College, Lahore Medical & Dental College, Lahore 53400, Pakistan;
| | - Farzana Rashid
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (F.R.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Asma Abdul Latif
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (F.R.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Sajida Naseem
- Department of Zoology, University of Education, Lower Mall Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Asia Bibi
- Department of Zoology, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan;
| | - Bushra Nisar Khan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Waiza Ansar
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (W.A.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Arshad Javed
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pattoki 55300, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (W.A.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Samia Majid
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (W.A.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Sikander Ali
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan (M.N.A.)
| | - Muhammad Nauman Aftab
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan (M.N.A.)
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Saha P, Sivaramakrishna A, Rao KVB. Bioremediation of reactive orange 16 by industrial effluent-adapted bacterial consortium VITPBC6: process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM), enzyme kinetics, pathway elucidation, and detoxification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:35450-35477. [PMID: 36534248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Textile effluent is one of the most hazardous industrial pollutant sources. It is generated in huge volumes and contains a wide array of toxicants. Reactive azo dyes, which are xenobiotic compounds, are predominantly utilized by textile industries for dyeing cotton, viscose, wool, and silk. The conventional physicochemical treatments used by industrial effluent treatment plants are ineffective in dye degradation. The present study thus attempted to find a potential treatment for reactive azo dyes. A novel bacterial consortium VITPBC6 was constructed with the most potent and compatible reactive orange 16 (RO-16) decolorizing isolates of tannery and textile effluents, and the isolates were identified as Bacillus flexus VITSP6, Bacillus paraflexus VITSPB7, Bacillus megaterium VITSPB9, Bacillus firmus VITEPB1, B. flexus VITEPB2, and Bacillus aryabhattai VITEPB3. The physicochemical factors of RO-16 decolorization were optimized by response surface methodology. Consortium VITPBC6 was able to tolerate a high concentration of RO-16 up to 800 mg L-1. A cocktail of enzymes including azoreductase, tyrosinase, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase was involved in RO-16 degradation by VITPBC6. Consortium VITPBC6 degraded RO-16 following zero-order reaction. The enzymes of consortium VITPBC6 had a Vmax of 352 mg L-1 day-1 for RO-16 degradation; however, the Km value was high. VITPBC6 biodegraded RO-16 resulting in the formation of small aromatic compounds. Lastly, different toxicity assays conducted with untreated RO-16 and its corresponding biodegraded metabolite revealed that the toxicity of biodegraded metabolites was significantly lower than the untreated dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purbasha Saha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Kokati Venkata Bhaskara Rao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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Haque MM, Khatun M, Mosharaf MK, Rahman A, Haque MA, Nahar K. Biofilm producing probiotic bacteria enhance productivity and bioactive compounds in tomato. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Gomaa H, Emran MY, El-Gammal MA. Biodegradation of Azo Dye Pollutants Using Microorganisms. HANDBOOK OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS 2023:781-809. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-09710-2_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Haque MM, Haque MA, Mosharaf MK, Islam MS, Islam MM, Hasan M, Molla AH, Haque MA. Biofilm-mediated decolorization, degradation and detoxification of synthetic effluent by novel biofilm-producing bacteria isolated from textile dyeing effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120237. [PMID: 36150625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-mediated bioremediation of xenobiotic pollutants is an environmental friendly biological technique. In this study, 36 out of 55 bacterial isolates developed biofilms in glass test tubes containing salt-optimized broth plus 2% glycerol (SOBG). Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Congo red- and Calcofluor binding results showed biofilm matrices contain proteins, curli, nanocellulose-rich polysaccharides, nucleic acids, lipids, and peptidoglycans. Several functional groups including -OH, N-H, C-H, CO, COO-, -NH2, PO, C-O, and C-C were also predicted. By sequencing, ten novel biofilm-producing bacteria (BPB) were identified, including Exiguobacterium indicum ES31G, Kurthia gibsonii ES43G, Kluyvera cryocrescens ES45G, Cedecea lapagei ES48G, Enterobacter wuhouensis ES49G, Aeromonas caviae ES50G, Lysinibacillus sphaericus ES51G, Acinetobacter haemolyticus ES52G, Enterobacter soli ES53G, and Comamonas aquatica ES54G. The Direct Red (DR) 28 (a carcinogenic and mutagenic dye used in dyeing and biomedical processes) decolorization process was optimized in selected bacterial isolates. Under optimum conditions (SOBG medium, 75 mg L-1 dye, pH 7, 28 °C, microaerophilic condition and within 72 h of incubation), five of the bacteria tested could decolorize 97.8% ± 0.56-99.7% ± 0.45 of DR 28 dye. Azoreductase and laccase enzymes responsible for biodegradation were produced under the optimum condition. UV-Vis spectral analysis revealed that the azo (-NN-) bond peak at 476 nm had almost disappeared in all of the decolorized samples. FTIR data revealed that the foremost characteristic peaks had either partly or entirely vanished or were malformed or stretched. The chemical oxygen demand decreased by 83.3-91.3% in the decolorized samples, while plant probiotic bacterial growth was indistinguishable in the biodegraded metabolites and the original dye. Furthermore, seed germination (%) was higher in the biodegraded metabolites than the parent dye. Thus, examined BPB could provide potential solutions for the bioremediation of industrial dyes in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Manjurul Haque
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Amdadul Haque
- Department of Agro-processing, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khaled Mosharaf
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mynul Islam
- Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Hossain Molla
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Haque
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
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Microaerobic conditions enhance laccase production from Rheinheimera sp. in an economical medium. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:562. [PMID: 35980477 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Statistical optimization of aeration conditions viz. aerobic, microaerobic and anaerobic, was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) utilizing soybean meal as medium to enhance the production of laccase from Rheinheimera sp. Maximum laccase yield (18.48 × 105 U/L) was obtained under microaerobic (static) conditions sustained for 12 h in tandem with 26 h aerobically (150 rpm) grown culture, which was 17.03-fold higher than laccase production in the starting M162 medium under aerobic conditions (150 rpm). The reduction in incubation time from 72 to 38 h and utilization of cost-effective soybean meal as medium, which is easily available from local market, have provided a promising, eco-friendly method of laccase enzyme production. Enhanced expression of laccase gene under microaerobic conditions corresponded to the increased expression of fnr (fumarate nitrate reductase) gene, the oxygen sensing global regulator. The putative FNR-binding site upstream of laccase transcription initiation site was predicted to play an imperative role in Rheinheimera sp. adaptation from aerobic to microaerobic conditions and for enhanced laccase production.
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Bhatt P, Jeon CH, Kim W. Tetracycline bioremediation using the novel Serratia marcescens strain WW1 isolated from a wastewater treatment plant. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134344. [PMID: 35307394 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline pollution is an emerging threat in aquatic and terrestrial environments because of its widespread applications in human disease, livestock, and aquaculture. Present study, investigated the tetracycline degrading novel Serratia marcescens strain WW1, which was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Toxicity analysis of tetracycline with strain WW1 indicates that its intermediate metabolites are not toxic for the indicator bacteria and algae. The degradation conditions for the tetracycline optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) were determined as: pH 6.0; temperature, 36 °C; tetracycline concentration, 20 mg L-1; and inoculum size, 100 μL (OD∼0.5). The strain WW1 was able to utilize tetracycline during the growth phase, and it degraded 89.5% of the tetracycline within 48 h. The degradation kinetics suggested the strain perform significant tetracycline removal with half-life (t1/2) 239.04 and 12.44 h in control and treatments. Tetracycline and its intermediates were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). It was observed that strain WW1 could efficiently metabolize the tetracycline within 48 h of experiment. The ability of strain WW1 to degrade tetracycline justifies its use as an environmentally-useful bacterium. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the degradation of antibiotics is possible using indigenous microbial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hyun Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Mishra S, Huang Y, Li J, Wu X, Zhou Z, Lei Q, Bhatt P, Chen S. Biofilm-mediated bioremediation is a powerful tool for the removal of environmental pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133609. [PMID: 35051518 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-mediated bioremediation is an attractive approach for the elimination of environmental pollutants, because of its wide adaptability, biomass, and excellent capacity to absorb, immobilize, or degrade contaminants. Biofilms are assemblages of individual or mixed microbial cells adhering to a living or non-living surface in an aqueous environment. Biofilm-forming microorganisms have excellent survival under exposure to harsh environmental stressors, can compete for nutrients, exhibit greater tolerance to pollutants compared to free-floating planktonic cells, and provide a protective environment for cells. Biofilm communities are thus capable of sorption and metabolization of organic pollutants and heavy metals through a well-controlled expression pattern of genes governed by quorum sensing. The involvement of quorum sensing and chemotaxis in biofilms can enhance the bioremediation kinetics with the help of signaling molecules, the transfer of genetic material, and metabolites. This review provides in-depth knowledge of the process of biofilm formation in microorganisms, their regulatory mechanisms of interaction, and their importance and application as powerful bioremediation agents in the biodegradation of environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons, pesticides, and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Mishra
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaozhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiqi Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Haque MM, Biswas MS, Mosharaf MK, Haque MA, Islam MS, Nahar K, Islam MM, Shozib HB, Islam MM, Ferdous-E-Elahi. Halotolerant biofilm-producing rhizobacteria mitigate seawater-induced salt stress and promote growth of tomato. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5599. [PMID: 35379908 PMCID: PMC8980105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-producing rhizobacteria (BPR) enhance productivity and mitigate abiotic stresses in plants. This study showed that 21 out of 65 halotolerant rhizobacteria could build biofilms. The components of the biofilm matrices i.e., extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are proteins, curli, nanocelloluse, nucleic acids, lipids, and peptidoglycans. Various functional groups including carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl, and phosphate were identified. Positions of these groups were shifted by application of 5% NaCl, suggesting Na+ biosorption. By sequencing, Glutamicibacter arilaitensis (ESK1, ESM4 and ESM7), G. nicotianae (ESK19, ESM8 and ESM16), Enterobacter ludwigii (ESK15, ESK17, ESM2 and ESM17), E. cloacae (ESM5 and ESM12), Exiguobacterium acetylicum (ESM24 and ESM25), Staphylococcus saprophyticus ESK6, Leclercia adecarboxylata ESK12, Pseudomonas poae ESK16, Bacillus subtilis ESM14, and P. putida ESM17 were identified. These rhizobacteria exhibited numerous plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities including producing IAA, ACC deaminase, and siderophores, and solubilizing phosphate. Under non-stress, bacterized plants increased biomass accumulation (8–23.2% roots and 23–49.4% shoots), while under seawater-induced salt stress only ESK12, ESM4, ESM12, and ESM14 enhanced biomass production (5.8–52.9% roots and 8.8–33.4% shoots). Bacterized plants induced antioxidant defense system (19.5–142% catalase and 12.3–24.2% DPPH radical scavenging activity), retained a greater relative water content (17–124%), showed lesser membrane injuries (19.9–26.5%), and a reduced Na+ (6–24% in roots) and increased K+/Na+ ratio (78.8 and 103% in roots by ESK12 and ESM24, respectively) than the non-bacterized plants in saline conditions. Thus, native halotolerant BPR can be utilized as ameliorators of salt stress.
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Singh A, Pal DB, Mohammad A, Alhazmi A, Haque S, Yoon T, Srivastava N, Gupta VK. Biological remediation technologies for dyes and heavy metals in wastewater treatment: New insight. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126154. [PMID: 34673196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of the environment caused by dyes and heavy metals emitted by industries has become a worldwide problem. The development of efficient, environmentally acceptable, and cost-effective methods of wastewater treatment containing dyes and heavy metals is critical. Biologically based techniques for treating effluents are fascinating since they provide several benefits over standard treatment methods. This review assesses the most recent developments in the use of biological based techniques to remove dyes and heavy metals from wastewater. The remediation of dyes and heavy metals by diverse microorganisms such as algae, bacteria, fungi and enzymes are depicted in detail. Ongoing biological method's advances, scientific prospects, problems, and the future prognosis are all highlighted. This review is useful for gaining a better integrated view of biological based wastewater treatment and for speeding future research on the function of biological methods in water purification applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birsa Institute of Technology Sindri, Dhanbad 828123, India
| | - Dan Bahadur Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Akbar Mohammad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Alaa Alhazmi
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, 16059, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Taeho Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Neha Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
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Biju LM, Pooshana V, Kumar PS, Gayathri KV, Ansar S, Govindaraju S. Treatment of textile wastewater containing mixed toxic azo dye and chromium (VI) BY haloalkaliphilic bacterial consortium. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132280. [PMID: 34571446 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Scientific empowerment in this century created a positive and negative impact on the ecosystem's biotic and abiotic components. The current scenario of emerging recalcitrant pollutants in the environment is encountered using various remediation approaches are enforced and applied. The need for mineralization of the toxic pollutants to non - toxic forms accomplished the application of microbes (bacteria, fungi and algae) and plants individually or in a combined manner. The current research on the removal of pollutants from synthetic textile wastewater containing 1200 ppm concentration of mixed azo dyes -Reactive red (RR), Reactive Brown (RB) & Reactive Black (RBl) and 300 ppm Cr (VI) metal using haloalkaliphilic bacterial strains LBKVG1, LBKVG2, LBKVG3 & LBKVG4 in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR), showed decolorization of 82 ± 0.5% of mixed azo dyes and degradation 56 ± 0.5% of Cr (VI) metal at 37 °C and pH 8.5 in the fifth day of the study. The isolated bacterial strains in the consortium were molecularly and morphologically characterized by 16SrRNA sequencing and SEM analysis. FT-IR and GC-MS analysis scrutinized the metabolites obtained. The findings suggest the degradation of hazardous pollutants even at higher concentrations and attempt to decolourize the mixed azo dyes simultaneously using the eco-friendly bacterial consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Merlin Biju
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, 600083, India; Department of Microbiology, Kumararani Meena Muthiah College of Arts & Science, India
| | - V Pooshana
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, 600083, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, India.
| | - K Veena Gayathri
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, 600083, India.
| | - Sabah Ansar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
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Gomaa H, Emran MY, El-Gammal MA. Biodegradation of Azo Dye Pollutants Using Microorganisms. HANDBOOK OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS 2022:1-29. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83783-9_33-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Gorodylova N, Michel C, Seron A, Joulian C, Delorme F, Bresch S, Garreau C, Giovannelli F, Michel K. Modified zeolite-supported biofilm in service of pesticide biodegradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45296-45316. [PMID: 33864216 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of biofilms on modified natural zeolites was investigated with purpose to obtain biocomposites with biodegradation activity towards pesticides MCPA (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) and glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine) for potential application in bioaugmentation of polluted agricultural soils. Microbial communities were selected from agricultural pesticide-contaminated soil/water samples and enriched on the basis of their ability to biodegrade the pesticides. In order to enhance affinity of microbial communities to the support material, the natural mineral zeolite was modified by nontoxic environmentally friendly cations (Li+, Na+, K+, NH4+, H+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe3+) by methods preserving its structure and characterised using powder XRD, surface area measurement and chemical composition analysis. Kinetics of pesticide degradation by the biocomposites was studied in liquid media. Results showed that according to zeolite modifications, the microbial activity and biodiversity changed. The best biodegradation rate of MCPA and glyphosate reached 0.12-0.13 mg/h with half-life of 16-18 h, which is considerably quicker than observed in natural environment. However, in some cases, biodegradation activity towards pesticides was lost which was connected to unfavourable zeolite modification and accumulation of toxic metabolites. High-throughput sequencing on the 16S rRNA genes of the biofilm communities highlighted the selection of bacteria genera known to metabolise MCPA (Aminobacter, Cupriavidus, Novosphingobium, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Sphingobium and Sphingopyxis) and glyphosate (Pseudomonas). Altogether, results suggested that zeolites do not only have a passive role of biofilm support but also have protective and nutrient-supportive functions that consequently increase biodiversity of the pesticide degraders growing in the biofilm and influence the pesticide biodegradation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Gorodylova
- Division of Water, Environment, Process and Analyses (DEPA), BRGM, The French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45100, Orléans, France.
- CNRS, INSA CVL, GREMAN UMR 7347, IUT de Blois, GREMAN, University of Tours, 15 Rue de la Chocolaterie, 41029, Blois, France.
- University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Caroline Michel
- Division of Water, Environment, Process and Analyses (DEPA), BRGM, The French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45100, Orléans, France
| | - Alain Seron
- Division of Water, Environment, Process and Analyses (DEPA), BRGM, The French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45100, Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Joulian
- Division of Water, Environment, Process and Analyses (DEPA), BRGM, The French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45100, Orléans, France
| | - Fabian Delorme
- CNRS, INSA CVL, GREMAN UMR 7347, IUT de Blois, GREMAN, University of Tours, 15 Rue de la Chocolaterie, 41029, Blois, France
| | - Sophie Bresch
- CDHR Centre-Val-de-Loire, 620 Rue de Cornay, Saint-Cyr-en-Val, 45590, France
| | | | - Fabien Giovannelli
- CNRS, INSA CVL, GREMAN UMR 7347, IUT de Blois, GREMAN, University of Tours, 15 Rue de la Chocolaterie, 41029, Blois, France
| | - Karine Michel
- Division of Water, Environment, Process and Analyses (DEPA), BRGM, The French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45100, Orléans, France
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Haque MM, Mosharaf MK, Haque MA, Tanvir MZH, Alam MK. Biofilm Formation, Production of Matrix Compounds and Biosorption of Copper, Nickel and Lead by Different Bacterial Strains. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:615113. [PMID: 34177820 PMCID: PMC8222582 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.615113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms play a key role in metal biosorption from wastewater. Recently, Enterobacter asburiae ENSD102, Enterobacter ludwigii ENSH201, Vitreoscilla sp. ENSG301, Acinetobacter lwoffii ENSG302, and Bacillus thuringiensis ENSW401 were shown to form air–liquid (AL) and solid–air–liquid (SAL) biofilms in a static condition at 28 and 37°C, respectively. However, how environmental and nutritional conditions affect biofilm formation; production of curli and cellulose; and biosorption of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) by these bacteria have not been studied yet. In this study, E. asburiae ENSD102, E. ludwigii ENSH201, and B. thuringiensis ENSW401 developed the SAL biofilms at pH 8, while E. asburiae ENSD102 and Vitreoscilla sp. ENSG301 constructed the SAL biofilms at pH 4. However, all these strains produced AL biofilms at pH 7. In high osmolarity and ½-strength media, all these bacteria built fragile AL biofilms, while none of these strains generated the biofilms in anaerobic conditions. Congo red binding results showed that both environmental cues and bacterial strains played a vital role in curli and cellulose production. Calcofluor binding and spectrophotometric results revealed that all these bacterial strains produced significantly lesser amounts of cellulose at 37°C, pH 8, and in high osmotic conditions as compared to the regular media, at 28°C, and pH 7. Metal biosorption was drastically reduced in these bacteria at 37°C than at 28°C. Only Vitreoscilla sp. ENSG301 and B. thuringiensis ENSW401 completely removed (100%) Cu and Ni at an initial concentration of 12.5 mg l–1, while all these bacteria totally removed (100%) Pb at concentrations of 12.5 and 25 mg l–1 at pH 7 and 28°C. At an initial concentration of 100 mg l–1, the removal of Cu (92.5 to 97.8%) and Pb (89.3 to 98.3%) was the highest at pH 6, while it was higher (84.7 to 93.9%) for Ni at pH 7. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed metal-unloaded biomass biofilms contained amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, and phosphate groups. The peak positions of these groups were shifted responding to Cu, Ni, and Pb, suggesting biosorption of metals. Thus, these bacterial strains could be utilized to remove Cu, Ni, and Pb from aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Manjurul Haque
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khaled Mosharaf
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Amdadul Haque
- Department of Agro-Processing, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahid Hasan Tanvir
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khairul Alam
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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