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Wu J, Luo J, Wang Y, Peng Y, Yang G, Zhu J. Arbuscular mycorrhiza augments aluminum tolerance in white clover ( Trifoliumrepens L.) by strengthening the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and phosphorus acquisition. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1647-1661. [PMID: 38162922 PMCID: PMC10754793 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle is essential for detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) under environmental stresses. The toxicity of aluminum (Al) limits the growth and performance of cultivated plants in acidic soil. However, there is limited information available on the relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and the AsA-GSH cycle in host plants under Al stress. This study aimed to examine the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), specifically Funneliformis mosseae, on the growth, antioxidant enzymes, components of the AsA-GSH cycle, and stress response gene expressions in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under Al stress. Our findings demonstrate that AMF inoculation significantly reduced Al accumulation and increased phosphorus (P) content in the roots of white clover, thereby promoting plant biomass accumulation and mycorrhizal colonization under Al stress. AMF effectively scavenged Al-induced ROS (H2O2 and O2-) by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as the components of the AsA-GSH cycle (e.g., enzymes and antioxidants) in the leaves and roots of white clover plants. Additionally, the mitigating effect of AMF was associated with the upregulation of genes involved in P transport (PHO1-2 and PHT1-7), the AsA-GSH pathway (GST-2 and APX-2), and Al stress (ALMT1) in white clover roots compared to control plants. Principal component analysis revealed that 65.9% of the total variance was explained by the first principal component. Dry mass showed a positive correlation with POD and P content, while exhibiting a highly negative correlation with ROS, antioxidant physiology index, Al content, and the expression of related genes in white clover. Overall, this study suggests that AMF enhances the tolerance of white clover to Al stress by improving P uptake and strengthening the AsA-GSH cycle. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyang Wu
- School of Horticulture and Forestry, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 445000 China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Conservation and Utilization of Hubei Province, Enshi, 445000 China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Yuanpei, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Yibing Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Yulun Peng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Guo Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- School of Horticulture and Forestry, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 445000 China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Conservation and Utilization of Hubei Province, Enshi, 445000 China
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Gupta DK, Chatterjee S, Mitra A, Voronina A, Walther C. Uranium and Plants: Elemental Translocation and Phytoremediation Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14961-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Davies HS, Rosas-Moreno J, Cox F, Lythgoe P, Bewsher A, Livens FR, Robinson CH, Pittman JK. Multiple environmental factors influence 238U, 232Th and 226Ra bioaccumulation in arbuscular mycorrhizal-associated plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:921-934. [PMID: 30021326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecological consequences of low-dose radioactivity from natural sources or radioactive waste are important to understand but knowledge gaps still remain. In particular, the soil transfer and bioaccumulation of radionuclides into plant roots is poorly studied. Furthermore, better knowledge of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi association may help understand the complexities of radionuclide bioaccumulation within the rhizosphere. Plant bioaccumulation of uranium, thorium and radium was demonstrated at two field sites, where plant tissue concentrations reached up to 46.93 μg g-1 238U, 0.67 μg g-1 232Th and 18.27 kBq kg-1 226Ra. High root retention of uranium was consistent in all plant species studied. In contrast, most plants showed greater bioaccumulation of thorium and radium into above-ground tissues. The influence of specific soil parameters on root radionuclide bioaccumulation was examined. Total organic carbon significantly explained the variation in root uranium concentration, while other soil factors including copper concentration, magnesium concentration and pH significantly correlated with root concentrations of uranium, radium and thorium, respectively. All four orders of Glomeromycota were associated with root samples from both sites and all plant species studied showed varying association with AM fungi, ranging from zero to >60% root colonisation by fungal arbuscules. Previous laboratory studies using single plant-fungal species association had found a positive role of AM fungi in root uranium transfer, but no significant correlation between the amount of fungal infection and root uranium content in the field samples was found here. However, there was a significant negative correlation between AM fungal infection and radium accumulation. This study is the first to examine the role of AM fungi in radionuclide soil-plant transfer at a community level within the natural environment. We conclude that biotic factors alongside various abiotic factors influence the soil-plant transfer of radionuclides and future mechanistic studies are needed to explain these interactions in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena S Davies
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jeanette Rosas-Moreno
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Filipa Cox
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Paul Lythgoe
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alastair Bewsher
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Francis R Livens
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Centre for Radiochemistry Research, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Clare H Robinson
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Jon K Pittman
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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Lucero Camacho-Morales R, García-Fontana C, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, González-López J, Manzanera M, Aranda E. Anthracene drives sub-cellular proteome-wide alterations in the degradative system of Penicillium oxalicum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 159:127-135. [PMID: 29734068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in polluted environments and are included in the priority list of toxic compounds. Previous studies have shown that the fungus Penicillium oxalicum, isolated from a hydrocarbon-polluted pond, has a great capability to transform different PAHs in short periods under submerged fermentation conditions. Although cytochrome p450s (CYPs) seems to be the main responsible enzyme in this process, changes in proteome profile remains poorly understood. The aim of this work was to characterise molecular disturbances in the cytosolic and microsomal sub-proteomes of P. oxalicum by applying two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and label-free quantitative proteomics during anthracene biodegradation. Our results showed that by using 2D-gels, 10 and 8 differential proteins were over-expressed in the cytosolic and microsomal fractions, respectively. Most of them were related to stress response. Shotgun proteomics allowed the identification of 158 and 174 unique protein species that differentially accumulated during anthracene biotransformation, such as CYPs, epoxide hydrolases and transferases enzymes, belonging to Phase I and Phase II of the metabolism of xenobiotics, contributing to the anthracene biodegradation pathway. These results confirm the biological significance of ascomycetes fungi the rol of CYPs on biodegradation and the need of a deeper knowledge on fungal proteomics for the application of the appropriate microorganisms in biodegradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lucero Camacho-Morales
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, Fray Luís 4, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Fontana
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, Fray Luís 4, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús González-López
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, Fray Luís 4, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Maximino Manzanera
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, Fray Luís 4, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Elisabet Aranda
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, Fray Luís 4, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Spain.
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Han S, Li X, Amombo E, Fu J, Xie Y. Cadmium Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass Induced by Aspergillus aculeatus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1579. [PMID: 30072964 PMCID: PMC6058755 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is becoming increasingly prevalent, posing a global environmental hazard due to its negative effects on plants growth and human health. Phytoremediation is a green technology that involves uptake of Cd from the soil by a combination of plants and associated microbes. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of Aspergillus aculeatus in perennial ryegrass Cd tolerance. This fungus produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. Physiological traits including growth rate, turf quality and chlorophyll content were measured to evaluate the physiological responses of perennial ryegrass to Cd stress. These physiological traits were improved after inoculated with A. aculeatus. Inoculation of A. aculeatus actively reduced DTPA-Cd concentration in the soil and Cd translocation to plant shoots. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient and the C/N ratio in shoots were elevated by A. aculeatus, which implied that the fungus could protect the photosystem II against Cd stress and increase the photosynthetic efficiency. These results suggested that A. aculeatus is beneficial in improving Cd tolerance of perennial ryegrass and reducing Cd-induced injuries, thus, it has promising potential for application of phytostabilization in Cd contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Study in Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Wu S, Zhang X, Sun Y, Wu Z, Li T, Hu Y, Lv J, Li G, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zheng L, Zhen X, Chen B. Chromium immobilization by extra- and intraradical fungal structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 316:34-42. [PMID: 27209517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance plant Cr tolerance through immobilizing Cr in mycorrhizal roots. However, the detailed processes and mechanisms are unclear. The present study focused on cellular distribution and speciation of Cr in both extraradical mycelium (ERM) and mycorrhizal roots exposed to Cr(VI) by using field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (FE-SEM-EDS), scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy techniques. We found that amounts of particles (possibly extracellular polymeric substances, EPS) were produced on the AM fungal surface upon Cr(VI) stress, which contributed greatly to Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization. With EDS of the surface of AM fungi exposed to various Cr(VI) levels, a positive correlation between Cr and P was revealed, suggesting that phosphate groups might act as counter ions of Cr(III), which was also confirmed by the XAFS analysis. Besides, STXM and XAFS analyses showed that Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) in AM fungal structures (arbuscules, intraradical mycelium, etc.) and cell walls in mycorrhizal roots, and complexed possibly with carboxyl groups or histidine analogues. The present work provided evidence of Cr immobilization on fungal surface and in fungal structures in mycorrhizal roots at a cellular level, and thus unraveled the underlying mechanisms by which AM symbiosis immobilize Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhensong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjun Zhen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Baodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
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Kothamasi D, Wannijn J, van Hees M, Nauts R, van Gompel A, Vanhoudt N, Cranenbrouck S, Declerck S, Vandenhove H. Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 can colonize and improve P uptake of Plantago lanceolata after exposure to ionizing gamma radiation in root organ culture. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:257-262. [PMID: 26467250 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived radionuclides such as (90)Sr and (137)Cs can be naturally or accidentally deposited in the upper soil layers where they emit β/γ radiation. Previous studies have shown that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can accumulate and transfer radionuclides from soil to plant, but there have been no studies on the direct impact of ionizing radiation on AMF. In this study, root organ cultures of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 were exposed to 15.37, 30.35, and 113.03 Gy gamma radiation from a (137)Cs source. Exposed spores were subsequently inoculated to Plantago lanceolata seedlings in pots, and root colonization and P uptake evaluated. P. lanceolata seedlings inoculated with non-irradiated AMF spores or with spores irradiated with up to 30.35 Gy gamma radiation had similar levels of root colonization. Spores irradiated with 113.03 Gy gamma radiation failed to colonize P. lanceolata roots. P content of plants inoculated with non-irradiated spores or of plants inoculated with spores irradiated with up to 30.35 Gy gamma radiation was higher than in non-mycorrhizal plants or plants inoculated with spores irradiated with 113.03 Gy gamma radiation. These results demonstrate that spores of R. irregularis MUCL 41833 are tolerant to chronic ionizing radiation at high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kothamasi
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Soil Biology and Microbial Ecology, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| | - Jean Wannijn
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - May van Hees
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Robin Nauts
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Axel van Gompel
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vanhoudt
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Cranenbrouck
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Mycothèque de l'Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL), Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, bte L7.05.06, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, bte L7.05.06, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hildegarde Vandenhove
- Biosphere Impact Studies Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
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Davies HS, Cox F, Robinson CH, Pittman JK. Radioactivity and the environment: technical approaches to understand the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants in radionuclide bioaccumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:580. [PMID: 26284096 PMCID: PMC4515546 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytoaccumulation of radionuclides is of significant interest with regards to monitoring radionuclide build-up in food chains, developing methods for environmental bioremediation and for ecological management. There are many gaps in our understanding of the characteristics and mechanisms of plant radionuclide accumulation, including the importance of symbiotically-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. We first briefly review the evidence that demonstrates the ability of AM fungi to enhance the translocation of (238)U into plant root tissues, and how fungal association may prevent further mobilization into shoot tissues. We then focus on approaches that should further advance our knowledge of AM fungi-plant radionuclide accumulation. Current research has mostly used artificial cultivation methods and we consider how more ecologically-relevant analysis might be performed. The use of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence imaging and absorption spectroscopy techniques to understand the mechanisms of radionuclide transfer from soil to plant via AM fungi is evaluated. Without such further knowledge, the behavior and mobilization of radionuclides cannot be accurately modeled and the potential risks cannot be accurately predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena S. Davies
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Filipa Cox
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Clare H. Robinson
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jon K. Pittman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Mutually beneficial legume symbioses with soil microbes and their potential for plant production. Symbiosis 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-013-0226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Determining the Impact of the AM-Mycorrhizosphere on “Dwarf” Sunflower Zn Uptake and Soil-Zn Bioavailability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1155/2010/268540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An in vivo compartmental pot greenhouse experiment involving “dwarf” sunflower and an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus was designed to assess the contribution of non-AM roots (rhizosphere), AM roots and extraradical hyphae (mycorrhizosphere), or strictly extraradical hyphae (hyphosphere) on plant growth, plant metal uptake, and soil parameters using the micronutrient zinc (Zn) as a typical metal contaminant. We observed that, at high soil-Zn concentrations, the mycorrhizosphere treatments had lower Zn concentrations (especially in shoots and flowers) and a lower incidence of leaf chlorosis than the rhizosphere treatments. These phytoprotective effects are believed to be related to AM-induced biosorption processes that reduce soil metal bioavailability to delay the onset of plant metal toxicity. We also observed that the presence of extraradical hyphae causes a slight alkalinisation of the proximal soil environment whereas roots tended to acidify it, this having significant consequences toward metal bioavailability. Altogether, the AM symbiosis is considered to be a key component of ecosystem function involved in buffering plant growth conditions due to the processes of metal biosorption and hyphal alkalinisation which could contribute in enhancing the soil's resiliency.
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Uncommon Heavy Metals, Metalloids and Their Plant Toxicity: A Review. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-9654-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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de Boulois HD, Joner EJ, Leyval C, Jakobsen I, Chen BD, Roos P, Thiry Y, Rufyikiri G, Delvaux B, Declerck S. Impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on uranium accumulation by plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2008; 99:775-784. [PMID: 18069098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by uranium (U) occurs principally at U mining and processing sites. Uranium can have tremendous environmental consequences, as it is highly toxic to a broad range of organisms and can be dispersed in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Remediation strategies of U-contaminated soils have included physical and chemical procedures, which may be beneficial, but are costly and can lead to further environmental damage. Phytoremediation has been proposed as a promising alternative, which relies on the capacity of plants and their associated microorganisms to stabilize or extract contaminants from soils. In this paper, we review the role of a group of plant symbiotic fungi, i.e. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which constitute an essential link between the soil and the roots. These fungi participate in U immobilization in soils and within plant roots and they can reduce root-to-shoot translocation of U. However, there is a need to evaluate these observations in terms of their importance for phytostabilization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dupré de Boulois
- Université catholique de Louvain, Unité de Microbiologie, Croix du Sud 3, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Cappellazzo G, Lanfranco L, Bonfante P. A limiting source of organic nitrogen induces specific transcriptional responses in the extraradical structures of the endomycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices. Curr Genet 2006; 51:59-70. [PMID: 17061094 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-006-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Revised: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The molecular bases of organic nitrogen (N) metabolism in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi remain so far largely unexplored. To isolate genes responsive to low versus high organic N concentrations, the techniques of suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) and reverse Northern dot blot were performed on extraradical structures of the AM fungus Glomus intraradices grown on carrot hairy roots. This approach allowed the identification of 32 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated genes following a 48-h treatment with 2 microM of an amino acid pool (leucine, alanine, asparagine, lysine, tyrosine). The expression profile of eight genes was further confirmed by semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR. The majority of the sequences showed no significant similarity to proteins in databases. The other responsive genes code for putative glyoxal oxidases, transcription factors, a subunit of the 20S proteasome, a protein kinase and a Ras protein. This novel set of data indicates that G. intraradices extraradical structures perceive organic N limitation in the surrounding environment leading to a response at transcriptional level and supports the role of N as signalling molecule in AM fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Cappellazzo
- Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Jansa J, Wiemken A, Frossard E. The effects of agricultural practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.2006.266.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with the majority of land plants, including many important agricultural crops. These fungi facilitate plant nutrient uptake, promote soil aggregation and use a significant portion of reduced carbon from the plants. AMF functional traits differ considerably among and within species, meaning that functional properties of a mycorrhizal community depend on its composition. Here we review studies exploring the effects of agricultural practices such as tillage, crop rotation, fertilization, pesticide application, irrigation and grazing on AMF communities. Although it is difficult to generalize the results of studies performed under different soil and climatic conditions, some universal patterns emerge. For example, soil tillage reduces the abundance of Scutellospora spp.; phosphorus fertilization lowers the extent of AMF root colonization; and diversification of crops results in more diverse AMF communities. We now need to design simple and reliable field tests for quantifying the effects of AMF communities on crop growth, yields and sustainability of the agro-ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Jansa
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant SciencesEschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau (ZH), Switzerland (e-mail: )
| | - Andres Wiemken
- University of Basel, Institute of BotanyHebelstrasse 1, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Frossard
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant SciencesEschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau (ZH), Switzerland (e-mail: )
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15
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Uptake, Assimilation and Translocation of Mineral Elements in Monoxenic Cultivation Systems. SOIL BIOLOGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-27331-x_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Rufyikiri G, Huysmans L, Wannijn J, Van Hees M, Leyval C, Jakobsen I. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can decrease the uptake of uranium by subterranean clover grown at high levels of uranium in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2004; 130:427-436. [PMID: 15182973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2003] [Accepted: 12/19/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Subterranean clover inoculated or not with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices was grown on soil containing six levels of 238U in the range 0-87 mg kg(-1). Increasing U concentration in soil enhanced the U concentration in roots and shoots of both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants but had no significant effects on plant dry matter production or root AM colonization. Mycorrhizas increased the shoot dry matter and P concentration in roots and shoots, while in most cases, it decreased the Ca, Mg and K concentrations in plants. The AM fungus influenced U concentration in plants only in the treatment receiving 87 mg U kg(-1) soil. In this case, U concentration in shoots of nonmycorrhizal plants was 1.7 times that of shoots of mycorrhizal plants. These results suggested that mycorrhizal fungi can limit U accumulation by plants exposed to high levels of U in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervais Rufyikiri
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Radiation Protection Research Department, Radioecology Section, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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