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Tong T, Huang M, Yan B, Lin B, Yu J, Teng Q, Li P, Pang J. Hippo signaling modulation and its biological implications in urological malignancies. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 98:101280. [PMID: 38870717 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Although cancer diagnosis and treatment have rapidly advanced in recent decades, urological malignancies, which have high morbidity and mortality rates, are among the most difficult diseases to treat. The Hippo signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway in organ size control and tissue homeostasis maintenance. Its downstream effectors, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are key modulators of numerous physiological and pathological processes. Recent work clearly indicates that Hippo signaling is frequently altered in human urological malignancies. In this review, we discuss the disparate viewpoints on the upstream regulators of YAP/TAZ and their downstream targets and systematically summarize the biological implications. More importantly, we highlight the molecular mechanisms involved in Hippo-YAP signaling to improve our understanding of its role in every stage of prostate cancer, bladder cancer and kidney cancer progression. A better understanding of the biological outcomes of YAP/TAZ modulation will contribute to the establishment of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Tong
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Mengjun Huang
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Binyuan Yan
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Bingbiao Lin
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Qiliang Teng
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Peng Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
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Ding C, Huang H, Wu D, Chen C, Hua Y, Liu J, Li Y, Liu H, Chen J. Pan-cancer analysis predict that FAT1 is a therapeutic target and immunotherapy biomarker for multiple cancer types including non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369073. [PMID: 38855103 PMCID: PMC11157030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
FAT1, a substantial transmembrane protein, plays a pivotal role in cellular adhesion and cell signaling. Numerous studies have documented frequent alterations in FAT1 across various cancer types, with its aberrant expression being linked to unfavorable survival rates and tumor progression. In the present investigation, we employed bioinformatic analyses, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments to elucidate the functional significance of FAT1 in pan-cancer, with a primary focus on lung cancer. Our findings unveiled FAT1 overexpression in diverse cancer types, including lung cancer, concomitant with its association with an unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, FAT1 is intricately involved in immune-related pathways and demonstrates a strong correlation with the expression of immune checkpoint genes. The suppression of FAT1 in lung cancer cells results in reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. These collective findings suggest that FAT1 has potential utility both as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ding
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Hua
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghao Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongwen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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3
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Wang TL, Miao XJ, Shuai YR, Sun HP, Wang X, Yang M, Zhang N. FAT1 inhibits the proliferation of DLBCL cells via increasing the m 6A modification of YAP1 mRNA. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11836. [PMID: 38782965 PMCID: PMC11116375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62793-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) mutations occur in lymphoma and are associated with poorer overall survival. Considering that diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the category of lymphoma with the highest incidence rate, this study aims to explore the role of FAT1 in DLBCL. The findings demonstrate that FAT1 inhibits the proliferation of DLBCL cell lines by downregulating the expression of YAP1 rather than by altering its cellular localization. Mechanistic analysis via meRIP-qPCR/luciferase reporter assays showed that FAT1 increases the m6A modification of YAP1 mRNA 3'UTR and the subsequent binding of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D (HNRNPD) to the m6A modified YAP1 mRNA, thus decreasing the stability of YAP1 mRNA. Furthermore, FAT1 increases YAP1 mRNA 3'UTR m6A modification by decreasing the activity of the TGFβ-Smad2/3 pathway and the subsequent expression of ALKBH5, which is regulated at the transcriptional level by Smad2/3. Collectively, these results reveal that FAT1 inhibits the proliferation of DLBCL cells by increasing the m6A modification of the YAP1 mRNA 3'UTR via the TGFβ-Smad2/3-ALKBH5 pathway. The findings of this study therefore indicate that FAT1 exerts anti-tumor effects in DLBCL and may represent a novel target in the treatment of this form of lymphoma.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- YAP-Signaling Proteins/metabolism
- YAP-Signaling Proteins/genetics
- Cell Proliferation
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Cadherins/genetics
- Adenosine/metabolism
- Adenosine/analogs & derivatives
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Long Wang
- Department of Medical, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Miao
- Department of Hematology, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Yan-Rong Shuai
- Department of Hematology, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Hao-Ping Sun
- Department of Hematology, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Hematology, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Chengdu, 610083, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, People's Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disease, Chengdu, 610083, China.
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4
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Wu G, Dong Z, Dong Y, Chen Y, Zhu H, Ding D, Cui Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Chen H. LncRNA CTBP1-AS inhibits TP63-mediated activation of S100A14 during prostate cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1492-1504. [PMID: 38476086 PMCID: PMC11093200 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important molecules and potential new targets for human cancers. This study investigates the function of lncRNA CTBP1 antisense RNA (CTBP1-AS) in prostate cancer (PCa) and explores the entailed molecular mechanism. Aberrantly expressed genes potentially correlated with PCa progression were probed using integrated bioinformatics analyses. A cohort of 68 patients with PCa was included, and their tumor and para-cancerous tissues were collected. CTBP1-AS was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cells and associated with poor patient prognosis. By contrast, tumor protein p63 (TP63) and S100 calcium binding protein A14 (S100A14) were poorly expressed in the PCa tissues and cells. CTBP1-AS did not affect TP63 expression; however it blocked the TP63-mediated transcriptional activation of S100A14, thereby reducing its expression. CTBP1-AS silencing suppressed proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity of PCa cell lines, while its overexpression led to inverse results. The malignant phenotype of cells was further weakened by TP63 overexpression but restored following artificial S100A14 silencing. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CTBP1-AS plays an oncogenic role in PCa by blocking TP63-mediated transcriptional activation of S100A14. This may provide insight into the management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzheng Wu
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Zhenkun Dong
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yuhang Dong
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yinmei Chen
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Huan Zhu
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Dexin Ding
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of UrologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
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5
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Ebrahimi N, Manavi MS, Faghihkhorasani F, Fakhr SS, Baei FJ, Khorasani FF, Zare MM, Far NP, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Ren J, Reiter RJ, Nabavi N, Aref AR, Chen C, Ertas YN, Lu Q. Harnessing function of EMT in cancer drug resistance: a metastasis regulator determines chemotherapy response. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:457-479. [PMID: 38227149 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complicated molecular process that governs cellular shape and function changes throughout tissue development and embryogenesis. In addition, EMT contributes to the development and spread of tumors. Expanding and degrading the surrounding microenvironment, cells undergoing EMT move away from the main location. On the basis of the expression of fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), collagen, and smooth muscle actin (-SMA), the mesenchymal phenotype exhibited in fibroblasts is crucial for promoting EMT. While EMT is not entirely reliant on its regulators like ZEB1/2, Twist, and Snail proteins, investigation of upstream signaling (like EGF, TGF-β, Wnt) is required to get a more thorough understanding of tumor EMT. Throughout numerous cancers, connections between tumor epithelial and fibroblast cells that influence tumor growth have been found. The significance of cellular crosstalk stems from the fact that these events affect therapeutic response and disease prognosis. This study examines how classical EMT signals emanating from various cancer cells interfere to tumor metastasis, treatment resistance, and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Siavash Seifollahy Fakhr
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Science and Biotechnology, Campus Hamar, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | | | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Zare
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nazanin Pazhouhesh Far
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Translational Medicine Group, Xsphera Biosciences, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye.
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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6
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Sayedyahossein S, Thines L, Sacks DB. Ca 2+ signaling and the Hippo pathway: Intersections in cellular regulation. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110846. [PMID: 37549859 PMCID: PMC10529277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a master regulator of organ size and tissue homeostasis. Hippo integrates a broad range of cellular signals to regulate numerous processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and mechanosensation. Ca2+ is a fundamental second messenger that modulates signaling cascades involved in diverse cellular functions, some of which are also regulated by the Hippo pathway. Studies published over the last five years indicate that Ca2+ can influence core Hippo pathway components. Nevertheless, comprehensive understanding of the crosstalk between Ca2+ signaling and the Hippo pathway, and possible mechanisms through which Ca2+ regulates Hippo, remain to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize the multiple intersections between Ca2+ and the Hippo pathway and address the biological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sayedyahossein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Louise Thines
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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7
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Al-Rashidi RR, Noraldeen SAM, Kareem AK, Mahmoud AK, Kadhum WR, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Iswanto AH, Obaid RF, Jalil AT, Mustafa YF, Nabavi N, Wang Y, Wang L. Malignant function of nuclear factor-kappaB axis in prostate cancer: Molecular interactions and regulation by non-coding RNAs. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106775. [PMID: 37075872 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostate carcinoma is a malignant situation that arises from genomic alterations in the prostate, leading to changes in tumorigenesis. The NF-κB pathway modulates various biological mechanisms, including inflammation and immune responses. Dysregulation of NF-κB promotes carcinogenesis, including increased proliferation, invasion, and therapy resistance. As an incurable disease globally, prostate cancer is a significant health concern, and research into genetic mutations and NF-κB function has the efficacy to facilitate the introduction of novel therapies. NF-κB upregulation is observed during prostate cancer progression, resulting in increased cell cycle progression and proliferation rates. Additionally, NF-κB endorses resistance to cell death and enhances the capacity for metastasis, particularly bone metastasis. Overexpression of NF-κB triggers chemoresistance and radio-resistance, and inhibition of NF-κB by anti-tumor compounds can reduce cancer progression. Interestingly, non-coding RNA transcripts can regulate NF-κB level and its nuclear transfer, offering a potential avenue for modulating prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Kamil Kareem
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Iraq
| | | | - Wesam R Kadhum
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Kut 52001, Wasit, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia
| | - Acim Heri Iswanto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rasha Fadhel Obaid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, V5Z1L3 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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8
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He P, Dai Q, Wu X. New insight in urological cancer therapy: From epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to application of nano-biomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115672. [PMID: 36906272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A high number of cancer-related deaths (up to 90) are due to metastasis and simple definition of metastasis is new colony formation of tumor cells in a secondary site. In tumor cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stimulates metastasis and invasion, and it is a common characteristic of malignant tumors. Prostate cancer, bladder cancer and renal cancer are three main types of urological tumors that their malignant and aggressive behaviors are due to abnormal proliferation and metastasis. EMT has been well-documented as a mechanism for promoting invasion of tumor cells and in the current review, a special attention is directed towards understanding role of EMT in malignancy, metastasis and therapy response of urological cancers. The invasion and metastatic characteristics of urological tumors enhance due to EMT induction and this is essential for ensuring survival and ability in developing new colonies in neighboring and distant tissues and organs. When EMT induction occurs, malignant behavior of tumor cells enhances and their tend in developing therapy resistance especially chemoresistance promotes that is one of the underlying reasons for therapy failure and patient death. The lncRNAs, microRNAs, eIF5A2, Notch-4 and hypoxia are among common modulators of EMT mechanism in urological tumors. Moreover, anti-tumor compounds such as metformin can be utilized in suppressing malignancy of urological tumors. Besides, genes and epigenetic factors modulating EMT mechanism can be therapeutically targeted for interfering malignancy of urological tumors. Nanomaterials are new emerging agents in urological cancer therapy that they can improve potential of current therapeutics by their targeted delivery to tumor site. The important hallmarks of urological cancers including growth, invasion and angiogenesis can be suppressed by cargo-loaded nanomaterials. Moreover, nanomaterials can improve chemotherapy potential in urological cancer elimination and by providing phototherapy, they mediate synergistic tumor suppression. The clinical application depends on development of biocompatible nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qiang Dai
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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9
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Yin Z, Zhang L, Liu R, Tong L, Jiang C, Kang L. Circ_0057558 accelerates the development of prostate cancer through miR-1238-3p/SEPT2 axis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154317. [PMID: 36738516 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in males with high morbidity and mortality. Existing studies have demonstrated that circ_0057558 may be a molecular marker affecting PCa. However, its detailed roles in PCa remain unclear. METHODS The levels of circ_0057558, miR-1238-3p and Septin 2 (SEPT2) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, flow cytometry assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay and tube formation assay were conducted for cell function identification. Xenograft tumor experiment was used to test the effect of circ_0057558 in vivo. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were conducted to determine the relationships between miR-1238-3p and circ_0057558 or SEPT2. RESULTS We identified that circ_0057558 level was elevated in PCa, and silencing circ_0057558 restrained PCa cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Circ_0057558 could sponge miR-1238-3p, and SEPT2 was the target of miR-1238-3p. Circ_0057558 promoted the expression of SEPT2 by negatively regulating miR-1238-3p, resulting in promotion of PCa progression. The effects of circ_0057558 knockdown in PCa development were overturned by the lack of miR-1238-3p. Also, overexpression of SEPT2 abolished the suppressive impacts of miR-1238-3p on PCa progression. CONCLUSION As a tumor promoter, circ_0057558 regulated the expression of miR-1238-3p and SEPT2 and facilitated PCa progression. These results indicated that circ_0057558 was a potential therapeutic marker of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofa Yin
- Department of Urology, Loudi Central Hospital of Hunan Province, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Urology, Loudi Central Hospital of Hunan Province, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Urology, Loudi Central Hospital of Hunan Province, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Liang Tong
- Department of Urology, Loudi Central Hospital of Hunan Province, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Chaoxiang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Loudi Central Hospital of Hunan Province, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Urology, Loudi Central Hospital of Hunan Province, Loudi 417000, China.
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10
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Huang ZL, Zhang PB, Zhang JT, Li F, Li TT, Huang XY. Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Identifies FAT1 as a Negative Regulator of EMT, CTCs, and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:369-382. [PMID: 36915393 PMCID: PMC10007982 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s398573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) acts as a tumor suppressor or oncogene, which regulates cell adherence, proliferation, motility, and actin kinetics. FAT1 gene expression is closely related to hepatocarcinogenesis; however, the function and mechanism of FAT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Methods Here, we screened for the FAT1, which is intimately linked to the development and progression of HCC, both in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and tumor tissues using next generation sequencing (NGS). Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect FAT1 protein expression. To determine the impact of FAT1 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion of HCC, an in vitro transwell assay and Western blot were performed. Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was carried out to discover the underlying mechanism. Finally, animal experiments were conducted to confirm the effects of FAT1 on HCC metastasis and tumorigenicity. Results Our results showed that FAT1 expression was decreased in HCC tissues, while in vitro and in vivo, the FAT1 knockdown facilitated invasion, cell motility, colony formation, and proliferation. FAT1 knockdown also resulted in decreased expression of E-cadherin and markedly elevated expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and snail. We also confirmed our hypothesis from the analysis of group differences in the CTC phenotype and lung metastasis in nude mice. Conclusion Our findings illustrated that FAT1 played a negative regulatory role in the HCC EMT and metastasis, providing further evidence for the role played by FAT1 in the formation and progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Li Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Xuhui District Central Hospital of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-Bao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Tao Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Materials of Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Yan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Hashemi M, Arani HZ, Orouei S, Fallah S, Ghorbani A, Khaledabadi M, Kakavand A, Tavakolpournegari A, Saebfar H, Heidari H, Salimimoghadam S, Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K. EMT mechanism in breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance: Revisiting molecular interactions and biological functions. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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12
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Zhu DH, Zhang YH, Ou-Yang XX, Meng XH, Cao QY, Yu XP, Lu J, Li LJ, Su KK. Expression, Prognostic Value, and Functional Mechanism of Polarity-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12784. [PMID: 36361574 PMCID: PMC9655479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognoses around the world. Within-cell polarity is crucial to cell development and function maintenance, and some studies have found that it is closely related to cancer initiation, metastasis, and prognosis. The aim of our research was to find polarity-related biomarkers which improve the treatment and prognosis of HCC. For the knowledge-driven analysis, 189 polarity-related genes (PRGs) were retrieved and curated manually from the molecular signatures database and reviews. Meanwhile, in the data-driven part, genomic datasets and clinical records of HCC was obtained from the cancer genome atlas database. The potential candidates were considered in the respect to differential expression, mutation rate, and prognostic value. Sixty-one PRGs that passed the knowledge and data-driven screening were applied for function analysis and mechanism deduction. Elastic net model combing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and ridge regression analysis refined the input into a 12-PRG risk model, and its pharmaceutical potency was evaluated. These findings demonstrated that the integration of multi-omics of PRGs can help us in untangling the liver cancer pathogenesis as well as illustrate the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lan-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kun-Kai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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13
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The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:248. [PMID: 35965328 PMCID: PMC9377080 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) is among the most frequently mutated genes in many types of cancer. Its highest mutation rate is found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in which FAT1 is the second most frequently mutated gene. Thus, FAT1 has great potential to serve as a target or prognostic biomarker in cancer treatment. FAT1 encodes a member of the cadherin-like protein family. Under normal physiological conditions, FAT1 serves as a molecular "brake" on mitochondrial respiration and acts as a receptor for a signaling pathway regulating cell-cell contact interaction and planar cell polarity. In many cancers, loss of FAT1 function promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the formation of cancer initiation/stem-like cells. However, in some types of cancer, overexpression of FAT1 leads to EMT. The roles of FAT1 in cancer progression, which seems to be cancer-type specific, have not been clarified. To further study the function of FAT1 in cancers, this review summarizes recent relevant literature regarding this protein. In addition to phenotypic alterations due to FAT1 mutations, several signaling pathways and tumor immune systems known or proposed to be regulated by this protein are presented. The potential impact of detecting or targeting FAT1 mutations on cancer treatment is also prospectively discussed.
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14
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Zhao A, Wu F, Wang Y, Li J, Xu W, Liu H. Analysis of Genetic Alterations in Ocular Adnexal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma With Whole-Exome Sequencing. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817635. [PMID: 35359413 PMCID: PMC8962736 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing studies on ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (OAML) have to date revealed several targets of genetic aberrations. However, most of our current understanding of the pathogenesis and prognosis of OAML is primarily based on studies conducted in populations from Europe and the US. Furthermore, the majority were based on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, which generally has poor integrity and creates many sequencing artifacts. To better investigate the coding genome landscapes of OAML, especially in the Chinese population, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 21 OAML cases with fresh frozen tumor tissue and matched peripheral blood samples. IGLL5, as a novel recurrently mutated gene, was found in 24% (5/21) of patients, with a higher relapse rate (P=0.032). In addition, mutations of MSH6, DIS3, FAT1, and TMEM127 were found in 10% of cases. These novel somatic mutations indicate the existence of additional/alternative lymphomagenesis pathways in OAML. Moreover, the difference between our and previous studies suggests genetic heterogeneity of OAML between Asian and Western individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangtian Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Jianyong Li,
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Jianyong Li,
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Jianyong Li,
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Zhang Y, Sun M, Gao L, Liang X, Ma C, Lu J, Yue X. ZHX2 inhibits thyroid cancer metastasis through transcriptional inhibition of S100A14. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:76. [PMID: 35151335 PMCID: PMC8840030 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02499-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant endocrine tumour, and metastasis has become the main reason for treatment failure. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of thyroid cancer metastasis remains poorly understood. We investigated the role of the tumour suppressor zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2) in the metastasis of thyroid cancer. Methods To study the role of ZHX2 in thyroid cancer metastasis, we evaluated the EMT process using cell migration, wound healing and lung metastatic tumour formation in vitro and in vivo models. Results ZHX2 expression was significantly decreased in thyroid cancer tissues, which correlated with poor prognosis of thyroid cancer patients. ZHX2 knockdown significantly promoted the migration of thyroid cancer cells. Mechanistically, ZHX2 associated with the S100 calcium binding protein A14 (S100A14) promoter to decrease the transcription of S100A14. Moreover, S100A14 was highly expressed in human thyroid cancer samples, and its expression negatively correlated with ZHX2 expression. Conclusions Inhibition of S100A14 attenuated the ZHX2 knockdown-induced enhanced metastasis of thyroid cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The evidence presented here suggests that ZHX2 inhibits the progression of thyroid cancer by blocking S100A14-mediated metastasis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02499-w.
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