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Harris RM, Pace F, Kuntz TM, Morgan XC, Hyland P, Summers K, McDermott E, Blumen K, Watnick PI. Testosterone treatment impacts the intestinal microbiome of transgender individuals. mSphere 2024:e0055724. [PMID: 39254049 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00557-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical modulation of sex hormone levels is a cornerstone of treatment for many conditions that impact well-being, including cancer, fertility/infertility, gender dysphoria, and chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. The microbial residents of the intestine, known as the microbiota, interact with sex hormones in the intestine, and there is correlative evidence that this interaction is bidirectional. Based on these published findings, we hypothesized that transgender individuals receiving exogenous testosterone as part of their gender-affirming medical treatment might undergo changes in their intestinal microbiome. To test this, we collected 26 stool samples from nine individuals before and up to 8 months after initiation of treatment with exogenous testosterone and subjected these samples to metagenomic analysis. While no species were significantly associated with the duration of testosterone therapy, pathways that generate glutamate increased in abundance, while those that consume glutamate decreased. Glutamate is a precursor of arginine, and testosterone is known to increase levels of arginine and its metabolites in the plasma. We hypothesize that testosterone increases the uptake of glutamate by enterocytes, thus decreasing access of the microbiota to this amino acid. While this pilot study establishes the impact of testosterone therapy on the intestinal microbiome, a more comprehensive study is necessary to establish the impact of testosterone-driven metagenomic shifts on the stool metatranscriptome, the stool metabolome, and the plasma metabolome.IMPORTANCEThe human intestine is inhabited by a large community of microbes known as the microbiome. Members of the microbiome consume the diet along with their human host. Thus, the metabolomes of the host and microbe are intricately linked. Testosterone alters the plasma metabolome. In particular, plasma levels of arginine and its metabolites and testosterone are positively correlated. To investigate the impact of exogenous testosterone on the microbiome, we analyzed the stool metagenomes of transgender individuals before and after the initiation of testosterone treatment. In this pilot project, we found a modest impact on the microbiome community structure but an increase in the abundance of metabolic pathways that generate glutamate and spare glutamate consumption. We propose that the host uses glutamate to generate arginine, decreasing the amount available for the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Harris
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fernanda Pace
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas M Kuntz
- Harvard Chan Microbiome Analysis Core, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xochitl C Morgan
- Harvard Chan Microbiome Analysis Core, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Phoebe Hyland
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kiana Summers
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Em McDermott
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kai Blumen
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paula I Watnick
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Pan C, Zhaxi Y, Li H, Guan F, Pan J, Wa D, Song T, Zhao W. Effects of microbiota-testis interactions on the reproductive health of male ruminants: A review. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14704. [PMID: 39126408 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Ruminants are one of the world's economically important species, and their reproductive health is critical to the economic development of the livestock industry. In recent years, research on the relationship between microbiota and reproductive health has received much attention. Microbiota disruption affects the developmental health of the testes and epididymis, the male reproductive organs of the host, which in turn is related to sperm quality. Maintaining a stable microbiota protects the host from pathogens and increases breeding performance, which in turn promotes the economic development of animal husbandry. In addition, the effects and mechanisms of microbiota on reproduction were further explored. These findings support new approaches to improving and managing reproductive health in ruminants through the microbiota and facilitate further systematic exploration of microbiota-mediated reproductive impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Pan
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Yangzong Zhaxi
- Institute of Animal Science, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Xizang Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Feng Guan
- School of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junru Pan
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Da Wa
- Institute of Animal Science, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Tianzeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Xizang Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Wangsheng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
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Li Y, Ma H, Wang J. Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the gut-testis axis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116539. [PMID: 38870734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a large group of organic compounds which are comprised of two or more fused benzene rings. As a typical environmental pollutant, PAHs are widely distributed in water, soil, atmosphere and food. Despite extensive researches on the mechanisms of health damage caused by PAHs, especially their carcinogenic and mutagenic toxicity, there is still a lack of comprehensive summarization and synthesis regarding the mechanisms of PAHs on the gut-testis axis, which represents an intricate interplay between the gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. Thus, this review primarily focuses on the potential forms of interaction between PAHs and the gut microbiota and summarizes their adverse outcomes that may lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis, then compiles the possible mechanistic pathways on dysbiosis of the gut microbiota impairing the male reproductive function, in order to provide valuable insights for future research and guide further exploration into the intricate mechanisms underlying the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by PAHs on male reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Wei M, Liu H, Wang Y, Sun M, Shang P. Mechanisms of Male Reproductive Sterility Triggered by Dysbiosis of Intestinal Microorganisms. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:694. [PMID: 38929676 PMCID: PMC11204708 DOI: 10.3390/life14060694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota, comprised of bacteria, archaea, and phages, inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of the organism. Male reproductive sterility is currently a prominent topic in medical research. Increasing research suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis can result in various reproductive health problems. This article specifically investigates the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on male reproductive infertility development. Gut microbiota imbalances can disrupt the immune system and immune cell metabolism, affecting testicular growth and sperm production. This dysfunction can compromise the levels of hormones produced and secreted by the endocrine glands, affecting male reproductive health. Furthermore, imbalance of the gut microbiota can disrupt the gut-brain-reproductive axis, resulting in male reproductive infertility. This article explores how the imbalance of the gut microbiota impacts male reproductive infertility through immune regulation, endocrine regulation, and interactions of the gut-brain-reproductive axis, concluding with recommendations for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbang Wei
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Huaizhi Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Peng Shang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
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Yang M, Deng H, Zhou S, Lu D, Shen X, Huang L, Chen Y, Xu L. Irisin alleviated the reproductive endocrinal disorders of PCOS mice accompanied by changes in gut microbiota and metabolomic characteristics. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1373077. [PMID: 38846566 PMCID: PMC11153696 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1373077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Folliculogenesis and oligo/anovulation are common pathophysiological characteristics in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, and it is also accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis. It is known that physical activity has beneficial effects on improving metabolism and promoting ovulation and menstrual cycle disorder in PCOS patients, and it can also modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota in human beings. However, the mechanism remains vague. Irisin, a novel myokine, plays a positive role in the mediating effects of physical activity. Methods Mice were randomly divided into the control group, PCOS group and PCOS+irisin group. PCOS model was induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and high-fat diet (HFD). The PCOS+irisin group was given irisin 400μg/kg intraperitoneal injection every other day for 21 days. The serum sex hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted on ovarian tissue. The feces microbiota and metabolomic characteristics were collected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results In this study, we demonstrated that irisin supplementation alleviated reproductive endocrine disorders of PCOS mice, including estrous cycle disturbance, ovarian polycystic degeneration, and hyperandrogenemia. Irisin also improved the PCOS follicles dysplasia and ovulation disorders, while it had no significant effect on the quality of oocytes. Moreover, irisin could mitigate the decreased bacteria of Odoribacter and the increased bacteria of Eisenbergiella and Dubosiella in PCOS mice model. Moreover, irisin could alleviate the increased fecal metabolites: Methallenestril and PS (22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/ LTE4). Conclusion These results suggest that irisin may alleviate the status of PCOS mice model by modulating androgen-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and fecal metabolites. Hence, our study provided evidence that irisin may be considered as a promising strategy for the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Yang
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- Department of Public & Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Danhua Lu
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shen
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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He G, Zhang B, Yi K, Chen T, Shen C, Cao M, Wang N, Zong J, Wang Y, Liu K, Chang F, Chen X, Chen L, Luo Y, Meng Y, Li C, Zhou X. Heat stress-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota impairs spermatogenesis by regulating secondary bile acid metabolism in the gut. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173305. [PMID: 38777056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) poses a substantial challenge to livestock. Studies have demonstrated that HS reduces fertility and leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis in bulls. However, the impact of the gut microbiota on fertility in bulls during HS is still unclear. Our research revealed that HS exposure decreased semen quality in bulls, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from heat-stressed bulls to recipient mice resulted in a significant decrease in number of testicular germ cells and epididymal sperm. Untargeted metabolomics methodology and 16S rDNA sequencing conjoint analysis revealed that Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) seemed to be a key bacterial regulator of spermatogenesis after HS exposure. Moreover, the research indicated that A. muciniphila regulated secondary bile acid metabolism by promoting the colonization of bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-metabolizing bacteria, leading to increase of retinol absorption in the host gut and subsequently elevation of testicular retinoic acid level, thereby improving spermatogenesis. This study sheds light on the relationship between HS-induced microbiota dysbiosis and spermatogenesis, offering a potential therapeutic approach for addressing bull spermatogenic dysfunction triggered by HS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guitian He
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Boqi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kangle Yi
- Grassland and Herbivore Research Laboratory, Hunan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Tong Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Caomeihui Shen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Maosheng Cao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinxin Zong
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yueying Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kening Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fuqiang Chang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuxin Luo
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Meng
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, China
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Tang L, Yang X, Zhou M, Feng L, Ji C, Liang J, Zhang B, Shen R, Wang L. Inhibition of inosine metabolism of the gut microbiota decreases testosterone secretion in the testis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0013824. [PMID: 38470251 PMCID: PMC11019917 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00138-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of the host's sex hormone levels, such as through interfering with the sex hormone metabolism in the intestine. However, if gut microbiota or its metabolites directly influence the sex hormone biosynthesis in the gonad remains largely unknown. Our previous study showed that colistin, as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, can significantly downregulate the serum testosterone levels and thus enhance the antitumor efficiency of anti-PD-L1 in male mice; however, the underlying mechanism for the regulation of the host's testosterone levels remains uninvestigated. In the present study, we analyzed the impact of colistin on the immune microenvironment of the testis as well as the composition and metabolism of gut microbiota in male mice. Our results showed that colistin has an impact on the immune microenvironment of the testis and can downregulate serum testosterone levels in male mice through inhibition of Akkermansia, leading to destroyed inosine metabolism. Supplement with inosine can restore testosterone secretion probably by prompting the recovery of the intestinal mucus barrier and the serum lipopolysaccharides levels. All these findings reveal a new pathway for the regulation of the host's sex hormone levels by gut microbiota.IMPORTANCEThis study demonstrates that exposure to even narrow-spectrum antibiotics may affect the host's testosterone levels by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Our findings provide evidence that some specific gut bacteria have an impact on the sex hormone biosynthesis in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xizhong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingxin Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuijie Ji
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruowu Shen
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Luoyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Zhang FL, Ma HH, Dong PY, Yan YMC, Chen Y, Yang GM, Shen W, Zhang XF. Bacillus licheniformis ameliorates Aflatoxin B1-induced testicular damage by improving the gut-metabolism-testis axis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133836. [PMID: 38394902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Global aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination is inevitable, and it can significantly damage testicular development. However, the current mechanism is confusing. Here, by integrating the transcriptome, microbiome, and serum metabolome, we comprehensively explain the impact of AFB1 on testis from the gut-metabolism-testis axis. Transcriptome analysis suggested that AFB1 exposure directly causes abnormalities in testicular inflammation-related signalling, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway, and proliferation-related signalling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) pathway, which was verified by immunofluorescence. On the other hand, we found that upregulated inflammatory factors in the intestine after AFB1 exposure were associated with intestinal microbial dysbiosis, especially the enrichment of Bacilli, and enrichment analysis showed that this may be related to NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-mediated NOD-like receptor signalling. Also, AFB1 exposure caused blood metabolic disturbances, manifested as decreased hormone levels and increased oxidative stress. Significantly, B. licheniformis has remarkable AFB1 degradation efficiency (> 90%). B. licheniformis treatment is effective in attenuating gut-testis axis damage caused by AFB1 exposure through the above-mentioned signalling pathways. In conclusion, our findings indicate that AFB1 exposure disrupts testicular development through the gut-metabolism-testis axis, and B. licheniformis can effectively degrade AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Li Zhang
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Hao-Hai Ma
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Pei-Yu Dong
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yu-Mei Chen Yan
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Guo-Ming Yang
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xi-Feng Zhang
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Yan Z, Lei Y, Zhao P, Zhang D, Shen J, Zhang G, Wei R, Liu H, Liu X, He Y, Shen S, Liu D. Natural mating ability is associated with gut microbiota composition and function in captive male giant pandas. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11189. [PMID: 38571808 PMCID: PMC10985376 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The issue of poor sexual performance of some male giant pandas seriously impairs the growth and the genetic diversity of the captive population, yet there is still no clear understanding of the cause of the loss of this ability and its underlying mechanism. In this study, we analyzed the gut microbiota and its function in 72 fecal samples obtained from 20 captive male giant pandas, with an equal allocation between individuals capable and incapable of natural mating. Additionally, we investigated fecal hormone levels and behavioral differences between the two groups. A correlation analysis was then conducted among these factors to explore the influencing factors of their natural mating ability. The results showed significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between the two groups of male pandas. The capable group had significantly higher abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 (p adjusted = .0021, GLMM), which was positively correlated with fatty acid degradation and two-component system functions (Spearman, p adjusted < .05). Additionally, the capable group showed higher gene abundance in gut microbiota function including purine and pyrimidine metabolism and galactose metabolism, as well as pathways related to biological processes such as ribosome and homologous recombination (DEseq2, p adjusted < .05). We found no significant differences in fecal cortisol and testosterone levels between the two groups, and no difference was found in their behavior either. Our study provides a theoretical and practical basis for further studying the behavioral degradation mechanisms of giant pandas and other endangered mammal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yan
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingHebeiChina
| | - Yinghu Lei
- Research Center for the Qinling Giant PandaShaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue BaseXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Pengpeng Zhao
- Research Center for the Qinling Giant PandaShaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue BaseXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Danhui Zhang
- Research Center for the Qinling Giant PandaShaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue BaseXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jiena Shen
- Research Center for the Qinling Giant PandaShaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue BaseXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Guiquan Zhang
- China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant PandaWolongSichuanChina
| | - Rongping Wei
- China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant PandaWolongSichuanChina
| | - Haoqiu Liu
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingHebeiChina
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingHebeiChina
| | - Yan He
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingHebeiChina
| | - Sijia Shen
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingHebeiChina
| | - Dingzhen Liu
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingHebeiChina
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10
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Park SJ, Hong J, Park YJ, Jeong S, Choi S, Chang J, Oh YH, Han M, Ko A, Kim S, Cho Y, Kim JS, Son JS, Park SM. Association between antibiotic use and subsequent risk of prostate cancer: A retrospective cohort study in South Korea. Int J Urol 2024; 31:325-331. [PMID: 38130052 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies suggest that antibiotic use may affect overall cancer incidence, but the association between antibiotics and prostate cancer is still unclear. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the association between antibiotics and the risk of prostate cancer. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. 1 032 397 individuals were followed up from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2019. Multivariable Cox hazards regression was utilized to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of prostate cancer according to accumulative days of antibiotic use and the number of antibiotic classes used from 2002 to 2006. RESULTS Individuals who used antibiotics for 180 or more days had a higher risk of prostate cancer (aHR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.11-1.91) than those who did not use antibiotics. Also, individuals who used four or more kinds of antibiotics had a higher risk of prostate cancer (aHR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30) than antibiotic non-users. An overall trend was observed among participants who underwent health examinations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that long-term use of antibiotics may affect prostate cancer incidence. Further studies are needed to improve understanding of the association between antibiotic use and prostate cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeyi Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Young Jun Park
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong-si, South Korea
| | - Minjung Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ahryoung Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sugyeong Kim
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- International Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Wu Z, Huang Y, Zhang R, Zheng C, You F, Wang M, Xiao C, Li X. Sex differences in colorectal cancer: with a focus on sex hormone-gut microbiome axis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:167. [PMID: 38454453 PMCID: PMC10921775 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism has been observed in the incidence and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), with men generally exhibiting a slightly higher incidence than women. Research suggests that this difference may be attributed to variations in sex steroid hormone levels and the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome in CRC shows variations in composition and function between the sexes, leading to the concept of 'microgenderome' and 'sex hormone-gut microbiome axis.' Conventional research indicates that estrogens, by promoting a more favorable gut microbiota, may reduce the risk of CRC. Conversely, androgens may have a direct pro-tumorigenic effect by increasing the proportion of opportunistic pathogens. The gut microbiota may also influence sex hormone levels by expressing specific enzymes or directly affecting gonadal function. However, this area remains controversial. This review aims to explore the differences in sex hormone in CRC incidence, the phenomenon of sexual dimorphism within the gut microbiome, and the intricate interplay of the sex hormone-gut microbiome axis in CRC. The objective is to gain a better understanding of these interactions and their potential clinical implications, as well as to introduce innovative approaches to CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihong Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyi Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengming You
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Oncology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xueke Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Yan Z, Zheng Z, Xia T, Ni Z, Dou Y, Liu X. Causal relationship between gut microbiome and sex hormone-binding globulin: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13824. [PMID: 38356386 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Currently, there is a variety of evidence linking the gut microbiota to changes in sex hormones. In contrast, the causal relationship between SHBG, a carrier of sex hormones, and the gut microbiota is unclear. METHOD OF STUDY Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to detect the causal effect between SHBG and the gut microbiome. Summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for the gut microbiome and SHBG were obtained from public datasets. Inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger and simple mode methods were used to operate the MR analysis. F-statistics and sensitivity analyses performed to evaluate bias and reliability. RESULTS When we set gut microbiome as exposure and SHBG as outcome, we identified nine causal relationships. In males, Coprobacter (PIVW = 2.01 × 10-6 ), Ruminococcus2 (PIVW = 3.40 × 10-5 ), Barnesiella (PIVW = 2.79 × 10-2 ), Actinobacteria (PIVW = 3.25 × 10-2 ) and Eubacterium fissicatena groups (PIVW = 3.64 × 10-2 ) were associated with lower SHBG levels; Alphaproteobacteria (PIVW = 1.61 × 10-2 ) is associated with higher SHBG levels. In females, Lachnoclostridium (PIVW = 9.75 × 10-3 ) and Defluviitaleaceae UCG011 (PIVW = 3.67 × 10-2 ) were associated with higher SHBG levels; Victivallaceae (PIVW = 2.23 × 10-2 ) was associated with lower SHBG levels. According to the results of reverse MR analysis, three significant causal effect of SHBG was found on gut microbiota. In males, Dorea (PIVW = 4.17 × 10-2 ) and Clostridiales (PIVW = 4.36 × 10-2 ) were associated with higher SHBG levels. In females, Lachnoclostridium (PIVW = 7.44 × 10-4 ) was associated with higherr SHBG levels. No signifcant heterogeneity of instrumental variables or horizontal pleiotropy was found in bidirectional two-sample MR analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study may provide new insights into the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and sex hormone-binding protein levels, as well as new treatment and prevention strategies for diseases such as abnormal changes in sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiao Yan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhexin Ni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqi Dou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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13
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Andersen ML, Gozal D, Pires GN, Tufik S. Exploring the potential relationships among obstructive sleep apnea, erectile dysfunction, and gut microbiota: a narrative review. Sex Med Rev 2023; 12:76-86. [PMID: 37385976 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qead026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor sleep quality is closely associated with comorbidities affecting a multitude of organ systems. Among the sleep disorders in the population, there has recently been an increase in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has particularly affected men. The intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation associated with OSA can result in the manifestation or aggravation of a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including the impairment of reproductive function in men and women. In this context, erectile dysfunction (ED) is of particular concern. Other consequences of OSA are changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota, with the resultant dysbiosis having potentially harmful consequences that promote downstream exacerbation of various comorbidities. OBJECTIVES This narrative review aims to explore the potential relationships among ED, gut microbiota, and OSA. METHODS A search of the relevant literature was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases. RESULTS Sleep is important for regulating the body's functions, and sleep deprivation can negatively affect health. OSA can damage organic functions, including reproductive function, and can lead to ED. Restoring the microbiota and improving sleep can help to improve sexual function or reverse ED and enhance other associated conditions mediated through the gut-brain axis relationship. Probiotics and prebiotics can be used as supportive strategies in the prevention and treatment of OSA, as they help to reduce systemic inflammation and improve intestinal barrier function. CONCLUSION A good diet, a healthy lifestyle, and proper bowel function are essential in controlling depression and several other pathologies. Modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics and prebiotics can provide a viable strategy for developing new therapeutic options in treating many conditions. A better understanding of these a priori unrelated phenomena would foster our understanding of the effects of OSA on human fertility and how changes in gut microbiota may play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
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14
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Wang Z, Li L, Yan H, Li W, Pang Y, Yuan Y. Salidroside Ameliorates Furan-Induced Testicular Inflammation in Relation to the Gut-Testis Axis and Intestinal Apoptosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17968-17987. [PMID: 37943949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Furan is a heat-induced food contaminant, and it causes damage to visceral organs, including the testis. To determine the mechanism of the damage to the testis, a mouse model treated with furan (8 mg/kg bw/day) and salidroside (SAL, 10/20/40 mg/kg bw/day) was established, and levels of testicular functional markers and changes of morphology were investigated in furan-induced mice treated with SAL. The change in related proteins and genes suggested that SAL restored the furan-mediated leaky tight junction and triggered the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome together with inflammation. To find out the gut-testis axis, microbiota PICRUSt analysis and correlation analysis were conducted to investigate the core microbiota and metabolites. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related key protein levels and the result of transmission electron microscopy suggested that SAL inhibited the furan-induced intestinal ERS. The result of TUNEL and levels of apoptosis-related proteins suggested that furan-induced intestinal apoptosis was alleviated by SAL. Collectively, SAL inhibited furan-induced ERS-mediated intestinal apoptosis through modulation of intestinal flora and metabolites, thus strengthening the gut barrier. It inhibited LPS from entering the circulatory system and suppressed the testicular TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, which alleviated testicular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Lu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Haiyang Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Wenliang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Yong Pang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
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15
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Burke FF, Hinks M, Salia S, Sparkes KM, Swift-Gallant A. Using Animal Models to Study the Interplay Between the Biodevelopmental Pathways Underlying Human Sexual Orientation. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:2979-2984. [PMID: 36477673 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francine F Burke
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave., St John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Meagan Hinks
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave., St John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Stephanie Salia
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave., St John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Kerri M Sparkes
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave., St John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Ashlyn Swift-Gallant
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave., St John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada.
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16
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Wasilewski T, Wasilewska J, Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Mroczko B. Subfertility as Overlapping of Nutritional, Endocrine, Immune, and Cardiometabolic Dysregulations-A Study Focused on Biochemical Endophenotypes of Subfertile Couples. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6094. [PMID: 37763034 PMCID: PMC10531916 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12186094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Subfertility is a global health issue, and as many as 30% of cases are attributed to unexplained reasons. A hypercaloric, high-fat diet stimulates the expansion of pro-inflammatory gut microbiota with a consequent rise in circulating lipopolysaccharides. Adverse gut microbiota remodeling can exacerbate insulin resistance, while sex and thyroid hormones may influence the variability in gut microbiota. This cross-sectional study included 150 participants and was designed to determine a biochemical, nutritional-related pattern that may distinguish subfertile from fertile individuals and couples. A panel of 28 biomarkers was assessed. Four biochemical phenotypes of unexplained subfertility were found, including two metabolic and two immune, when assessed using binary logistic regression models. Two phenotypes were distinguished in women: cardio-metabolic with atherogenic dyslipidemia (LowHDL-cholesterol: OR = 10.9; p < 0.05) and autoimmune thyroid disorder (Highanti-thyroid-peroxidase: OR = 5.5; p < 0.05) and two in men: hepato-metabolic with elevated liver injury enzymes (HighHOMA-IR: OR = 6.1; p < 0.05) and immune type-2 response (HighIgE: OR = 6.4; p < 0.05). The chances of a couple's subfertility rose with the number of laboratory components of metabolic syndrome in the couple (OR = 1.7; p < 0.05) and if at least one partner had an elevated total IgE level (>100 kU/L) (OR = 6.5; p < 0.05). This study found that unexplained subfertility may be accompanied by mutually overlapping immune and metabolic dysregulations in individuals and couples. We propose one-time laboratory diagnostics taking into account the lipid profile, insulin resistance, anti-thyroid-peroxidase, and total IgE in both males and females with unexplained subfertility. This may allow for a one-time assessment of targeted medical and nutritional interventions and help optimize patients' health. The gut-organ axes related to subfertility are discussed in the context of the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Wasilewski
- Centre for Restorative Procreative Medicine, Napromedica, 15-741 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Wasilewska
- Centre for Paediatrics, Allergology, Psychodietetics, and Treatment of Children Diagnosed with Autism, IPM, 15-404 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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17
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Mahiddine FY, You I, Park H, Kim MJ. Management of dog sperm parameters and gut microbiota composition with Lactobacillus rhamnosus supplementation. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1629-1640. [PMID: 36977954 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of probiotics supplementation on the reproductive function have been evaluated in many species, but no study has evaluated the changes in the gut microbiome along with the sperm quality changes simultaneously. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with probiotics on the gut microbiome, sperm quality and gene expression, along with possible correlations between these parameters in dogs. The dogs were supplemented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus for six weeks, and fecal and semen samples were collected at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Fecal samples were assessed using 16S Metagenomic Sequencing for gut microbiome analysis; and semen samples were analyzed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, DNA and acrosome integrity assessment, viability and morphology assessment, and real-time PCR. The analyses suggested that probiotic supplementation improved kinematic parameters, viability, DNA and acrosome integrity, and morphology of sperms. The mRNA levels of genes associated with fertility, DNA repair and integrity, and antioxidation were also upregulated. The sperm parameters were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Allobaculum, Phascolarctobacterium and Catenibacterium, and negatively correlated with Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus. Taken together, the sperm quality enhancement through the gut-testis axis may be due to a change in the gut microorganisms populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Yasmine Mahiddine
- Department of Research and Development, Mjbiogen Corp, Seoul, 04788, Republic of Korea
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnologies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhwan You
- Department of Research and Development, Mjbiogen Corp, Seoul, 04788, Republic of Korea
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnologies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekee Park
- Department of Research and Development, Mjbiogen Corp, Seoul, 04788, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Mjbiogen Corp, Seoul, 04788, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnologies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Zhao W, Adjei M, Zhang Z, Yuan Z, Cisang Z, Song T. The role of GnRH in Tibetan male sheep and goat reproduction. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1179-1187. [PMID: 37492901 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis connects the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads. The regulation of reproductive processes includes integrating various factors from structural functions and environmental conditions in the HPG axis, with the outcome indication of these processes being the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. These factors include feed consumption and nutritional condition, sex steroids, season/photoperiod, pheromones, age, and stress. GnRH pulsatile secretion affects the pattern of gonadotropin secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which then regulates both endocrine function and gamete maturation in the gonads. This regulates gonadotropins and testosterone (T) production. There is evidence that in males, GnRH participates in a variety of host behavioural and physiological processes such as the release of reproductive hormones, progression of spermatogenesis and sperm function, aggressive behaviour, and physiological metabolism. GnRH activates receptors expressed on Leydig cells and Sertoli cells, respectively to stimulate T secretion and spermatogenesis in the testis. Photoperiod affects the reproductive system of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis via rhythmic diurnal melatonin secretion. Increased release of melatonin promotes sexual activity, GnRH production, LH stimulation, and T production. This induces testicular functions, spermatogenesis, and puberty. GnRH reduces the release of LH by the pituitary through the cascade effect and decreases plasma concentration of T. Gut microbiota maintain sex steroid homeostasis and may induce reduction in reproduction productivity. Recently, findings of kisspeptin-neurokinin-dynorphin neuronal network in the brain have resulted in fast advances in how GnRH secretion is controlled. Emerging studies have also indicated that other neuropeptide analogues could be used in control reproduction procedures in various goat and sheep breeds. The Tibetan male sheep and goats reproduce on a seasonal basis and have high reproductive performance. This is a review for the role of GnRH in Tibetan male sheep and goats reproduction. This is intended to enhance reproductive knowledge for understanding the key roles of GnRH relating to male reproductive efficiency of Tibetan sheep or goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangsheng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Michael Adjei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhenjie Yuan
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Zhuoma Cisang
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Tianzeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
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19
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Schuetz A, Corley MJ, Sacdalan C, Phuang-Ngern Y, Nakpor T, Wansom T, Ehrenberg PK, Sriplienchan S, Thomas R, Ratnaratorn N, Sukhumvittaya S, Tragonlugsana N, Slike BM, Akapirat S, Pinyakorn S, Rerknimitr R, Pang AP, Kroon E, Teeratakulpisan N, Krebs SJ, Phanuphak N, Ndhlovu LC, Vasan S. Distinct mucosal and systemic immunological characteristics in transgender women potentially relating to HIV acquisition. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169272. [PMID: 37432754 PMCID: PMC10543719 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgender women (TGW) are disproportionally affected by HIV infection, with a global estimated prevalence of 19.9%, often attributed to behavioral risk factors, with less known about biological factors. We evaluated potential biological risk factors for HIV acquisition in TGW at the sites of viral entry by assessing immune parameters of the neovaginal surface and gut mucosa. The neovagina in TGW, compared with the vagina in cisgender women (CW), shows distinct cell composition and may pose a more inflammatory environment, evidenced by increased CD4+ T cell activation and higher levels of soluble markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, soluble CD30). Increased inflammation may be driven by microbiome composition, as shown by a greater abundance of Prevotella and a higher Shannon Diversity Index. In addition, we have observed higher frequency of CD4+CCR5+ target cells and decreased DNA methylation of the CCR5 gene in the gut mucosa of TGW compared with CW and men who have sex with men, which was inversely correlated with testosterone levels. The rectal microbiome composition in TGW appears to favor a proinflammatory milieu as well as mucosal barrier disruption. Thus, it is possible that increased inflammation and higher frequencies of CCR5-expressing target cells at sites of mucosal viral entry may contribute to increased risk of HIV acquisition in TGW, with further validation in larger studies warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schuetz
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J. Corley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tanyaporn Wansom
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip K. Ehrenberg
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Rasmi Thomas
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - Bonnie M. Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Siriwat Akapirat
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suteeraporn Pinyakorn
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alina P.S. Pang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugène Kroon
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Shelly J. Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Magill RG, MacDonald SM. Male infertility and the human microbiome. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2023; 5:1166201. [PMID: 37361341 PMCID: PMC10289028 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2023.1166201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The historical belief in urology was that the genitourinary system should be sterile in a normal, healthy, asymptomatic adult. This idea was perpetuated for decades until research revealed a diverse microbiota existing in human anatomical niches that contributed to both human health and disease processes. In recent years, the search for an etiology and modifiable risk factors in infertility has turned to the human microbiome as well. Changes in the human gut microbiome have been associated with changes in systemic sex hormones and spermatogenesis. Certain microbial species are associated with higher levels of oxidative stress, which may contribute to an environment higher in oxidative reactive potential. Studies have demonstrated a link between increased oxidative reactive potential and abnormal semen parameters in infertile men. It has also been hypothesized that antioxidant probiotics may be able to correct an imbalance in the oxidative environment and improve male fertility, with promising results in small studies. Further, the sexual partner's microbiome may play a role as well; studies have demonstrated an overlap in the genitourinary microbiomes in sexually active couples that become more similar after intercourse. While the potential applications of the microbiome to male fertility is exciting, there is a need for larger studies with uniform microbial sequencing procedures to further expand this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resa G. Magill
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Susan M. MacDonald
- Department of Urology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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21
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Cicchinelli S, Rosa F, Manca F, Zanza C, Ojetti V, Covino M, Candelli M, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Piccioni A. The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041144. [PMID: 37189762 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a classic risk factor for many diseases. The microbiota has been recently indicated as a new, major player in human health. Its deregulation-dysbiosis-is considered a new risk factor for several illnesses. Some studies highlight a cross-interaction between these two risk factors-smoke and dysbiosis-that may explain the pathogenesis of some diseases. We searched the keywords "smoking OR smoke AND microbiota" in the title of articles on PubMed®, UptoDate®, and Cochrane®. We included articles published in English over the last 25 years. We collected approximately 70 articles, grouped into four topics: oral cavity, airways, gut, and other organs. Smoke may impair microbiota homeostasis through the same harmful mechanisms exerted on the host cells. Surprisingly, dysbiosis and its consequences affect not only those organs that are in direct contact with the smoke, such as the oral cavity or the airways, but also involve distant organs, such as the gut, heart, vessels, and genitourinary tract. These observations yield a deeper insight into the mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of smoke-related diseases, suggesting a role of dysbiosis. We speculate that modulation of the microbiota may help prevent and treat some of these illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cicchinelli
- Department of Emergency, Ospedale SS. Filippo e Nicola, 67051 Avezzano, Italy
| | - Federico Rosa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Manca
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Christian Zanza
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Ospedale Michele e Pietro Ferrero, 12060 Cuneo, Italy
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Covino
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
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22
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Liang J, Wu T, Wang T, Ma Y, Li Y, Zhao S, Guo Y, Liu B. Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract benefits cashmere goat semen quality via improving rumen microbiota and metabolome. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1049093. [PMID: 36777668 PMCID: PMC9911920 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1049093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Artificial insemination (AI) is an effective reproductive technique to improve the performance of cashmere goats and prevent the spread of diseases, and the quality of the semen determines the success of AI. The potential of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) and Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract (MOLE) to improve semen quality has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. For the purpose, 18 mature male cashmere goats were randomly assigned into three groups: the control (CON), MOLP, and MOLE groups. The CON group received distilled water orally; the MOLP group was orally treated with 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) MOLP; and the MOLE group was orally treated with 40 mg/kg BW MOLE. Results Results showed that MOLE contained long-chain fatty acids and flavonoids. Treatment with MOLP and MOLE increased the activities of the serum catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05), enhanced the total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05), and reduced the serum malondialdehyde level (P < 0.05). At the same time, MOLE increased the contents of serum gonadotropin releasing hormone and testosterone (P < 0.05). Moreover, MOLE significantly increased sperm concentration, motility, and viability (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, MOLE raised the Chao1 index (P < 0.05) and altered the composition of the rumen microbiota; it also raised the relative abundance of Treponema (P < 0.05) and Fibrobacter (P < 0.05) and reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella (P < 0.1). Correlation analysis revealed the genus Prevotella was significantly negatively correlated with sperm concentration, as well as sperm motility and viability. Furthermore, MOLE significantly increased the rumen levels of the steroid hormones testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (P < 0.05), as well as the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) alpha-Linolenic acid, gamma-Linolenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and 9-S-Hydroperoxylinoleicacid (P < 0.05). Conclusions Oral MOLE supplementation can improve semen quality by increasing the antioxidant capacity and altering the rumen microbiota and metabolites of cashmere goats. Moreover, the MOLP supplementation could enhance the antioxidant capacity of cashmere goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Tiecheng Wu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China,Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Resources Evaluation and Breeding Technology of Mutton Sheep in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China,Alxa White Cashmere Goat Breeding Farm, Alxa League, China
| | - Yuejun Ma
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yurong Li
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanli Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yanli Guo ✉
| | - Bin Liu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China,Bin Liu ✉
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23
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Gut Microsex/Genderome, Immunity and the Stress Response in the Sexes: An Updated Review. SEXES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sexes3040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex has been universally acknowledged as a confounding factor in every type of biological study, while there are strong sex differences in morbidity along the lifespan. Humans have almost identical genomes (99.2%), yet minor variance in their DNA produces remarkable phenotypic diversity across the human population. On the other hand, metagenomic analysis of the human microbiome is more variable, depending on the sex, lifestyle, geography, and age of individuals under study. Immune responses in humans also exhibit variations, with an especially striking sexual dimorphism, which is at play in several other physiologic processes. Sex steroids have noticeable effects on the composition of the human microbiome along the lifespan, accompanied by parallel changes in immunity and the stress response. Gut microsex/genderome, a recently coined term, defines the sexually dimorphic gut microbiome. Apart from the sex steroids, the stress hormones are also at play in the proliferation of microbes. This review summarizes the concept of gut microsex/genderome under the prism of recent studies on the interrelations of the sexually dimorphic microbiome with immunity and stress.
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24
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Alemany M. The Roles of Androgens in Humans: Biology, Metabolic Regulation and Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11952. [PMID: 36233256 PMCID: PMC9569951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgens are an important and diverse group of steroid hormone molecular species. They play varied functional roles, such as the control of metabolic energy fate and partition, the maintenance of skeletal and body protein and integrity and the development of brain capabilities and behavioral setup (including those factors defining maleness). In addition, androgens are the precursors of estrogens, with which they share an extensive control of the reproductive mechanisms (in both sexes). In this review, the types of androgens, their functions and signaling are tabulated and described, including some less-known functions. The close interrelationship between corticosteroids and androgens is also analyzed, centered in the adrenal cortex, together with the main feedback control systems of the hypothalamic-hypophysis-gonads axis, and its modulation by the metabolic environment, sex, age and health. Testosterone (T) is singled out because of its high synthesis rate and turnover, but also because age-related hypogonadism is a key signal for the biologically planned early obsolescence of men, and the delayed onset of a faster rate of functional losses in women after menopause. The close collaboration of T with estradiol (E2) active in the maintenance of body metabolic systems is also presented Their parallel insufficiency has been directly related to the ravages of senescence and the metabolic syndrome constellation of disorders. The clinical use of T to correct hypoandrogenism helps maintain the functionality of core metabolism, limiting excess fat deposition, sarcopenia and cognoscitive frailty (part of these effects are due to the E2 generated from T). The effectiveness of using lipophilic T esters for T replacement treatments is analyzed in depth, and the main problems derived from their application are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marià Alemany
- Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 635, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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25
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Zhu Y, Li X, Lousang-zhaxi, Suolang-zhaxi, Suolang, Ciyang, Sun G, Cidan-yangji, Basang-wangdui. House feeding pattern increased male yak fertility by improving gut microbiota and serum metabolites. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:989908. [PMID: 36118356 PMCID: PMC9478890 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.989908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Yaks usually live in an extremely harsh natural environment resulting in low reproductive performance, so the production of yak cannot meet local demand in China. In order to solve this problem, the experiment aims to explore the effect of different feeding modes on the semen quality of male yaks, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the yield of yaks in Tibet. We used the combined analysis of metabolomics and microbial sequencing to explore the underlying mechanisms that affect the differences in semen quality between the house feeding (HF) system and the free range (FR). The results showed that the sperm motility (P < 0.001) and sperm concentration (P < 0.05) in the HF group were significantly higher than the FR group, and the abnormal sperm rate (P < 0.01) in HF was significantly lower compared to FR. House feeding modes increased some beneficial materials in blood and testis especially some antioxidants, unsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids. House feeding group increased some gut microbiota at genus level namely Rikenellaceae, Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae_UCG-004, Bacteroidales_RF16, and Alloprevotella, DgA-11. It was interesting that blood metabolites, testicular metabolites, and fecal microbiota were well-correlated with sperm parameters. Meanwhile, the blood metabolites and testicular metabolites were well-correlated with microbes. The result indicated that the HF model was beneficial for yak semen quality by improving the gut microbiota and blood metabolism to increase yak fertility.
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26
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Cai H, Cao X, Qin D, Liu Y, Liu Y, Hua J, Peng S. Gut microbiota supports male reproduction via nutrition, immunity, and signaling. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:977574. [PMID: 36060736 PMCID: PMC9434149 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.977574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM) is a major component of the gastrointestinal tract. Growing evidence suggests that it has various effects on many distal organs including the male reproductive system in mammals. GM and testis form the gut-testis axis involving the production of key molecules through microbial metabolism or de novo synthesis. These molecules have nutrition, immunity, and hormone-related functions and promote the male reproductive system via the circulatory system. GM helps maintain the integral structure of testes and regulates testicular immunity to protect the spermatogenic environment. Factors damaging GM negatively impact male reproductive function, however, the related mechanism is unknown. Also, the correlation between GM and testis remains to be yet investigated. This review discusses the complex influence of GM on the male reproductive system highlighting the impact on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cai
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuanhong Cao
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dezhe Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yundie Liu
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Sha Peng,
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27
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Maffei S, Forini F, Canale P, Nicolini G, Guiducci L. Gut Microbiota and Sex Hormones: Crosstalking Players in Cardiometabolic and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137154. [PMID: 35806159 PMCID: PMC9266921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The available evidence indicates a close connection between gut microbiota (GM) disturbance and increased risk of cardiometabolic (CM) disorders and cardiovascular (CV) disease. One major objective of this narrative review is to discuss the key contribution of dietary regimen in determining the GM biodiversity and the implications of GM dysbiosis for the overall health of the CV system. In particular, emerging molecular pathways are presented, linking microbiota-derived signals to the local activation of the immune system as the driver of a systemic proinflammatory state and permissive condition for the onset and progression of CM and CV disease. We further outline how the cross-talk between sex hormones and GM impacts disease susceptibility, thereby offering a mechanistic insight into sexual dimorphism observed in CVD. A better understanding of these relationships could help unravel novel disease targets and pave the way to the development of innovative, low-risk therapeutic strategies based on diet interventions, GM manipulation, and sex hormone analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Maffei
- Department of Gynecological and Cardiovascular Endocrinology, CNR-Tuscany Region, G. Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Forini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Canale
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppina Nicolini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (L.G.)
| | - Letizia Guiducci
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (L.G.)
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28
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Venneri MA, Franceschini E, Sciarra F, Rosato E, D'Ettorre G, Lenzi A. Human genital tracts microbiota: dysbiosis crucial for infertility. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1151-1160. [PMID: 35113404 PMCID: PMC9098539 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Human body is colonized by trillions of microbes, influenced by several factors, both endogenous, as hormones and circadian regulation, and exogenous as, life-style habits and nutrition. The alteration of such factors can lead to microbial dysbiosis, a phenomenon which, in turn, represents a risk factor in many different pathologies including cancer, diabetes, autoimmune and cardiovascular disease, and infertility. Female microbiota dysbiosis (vaginal, endometrial, placental) and male microbiota dysbiosis (seminal fluid) can influence the fertility, determining a detrimental impact on various conditions, as pre-term birth, neonatal illnesses, and macroscopic sperm parameters impairments. Furthermore, unprotected sexual intercourse creates a bacterial exchange between partners, and, in addition, each partner can influence the microbiota composition of partner's reproductive tracts. This comprehensive overview of the effects of bacterial dysbiosis in both sexes and how partners might influence each other will allow for better personalization of infertility management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - E Franceschini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Sciarra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Rosato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Ettorre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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29
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Liu S, Cao R, Liu L, Lv Y, Qi X, Yuan Z, Fan X, Yu C, Guan Q. Correlation Between Gut Microbiota and Testosterone in Male Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:836485. [PMID: 35399957 PMCID: PMC8990747 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.836485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at investigating the association between testosterone levels and gut microbiota in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and providing a new strategy to elucidate the pathological mechanism of testosterone deficiency in T2DM patients. METHODS In an observational study including 46 T2DM male patients, the peripheral venous blood and fecal samples of all subjects were collected. The V3-V4 regions of bacterial 16S rDNA were amplified and sequenced. Alpha and beta diversities were calculated by QIIME software. The possible association between gut microbial community and clinical indicators was assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The association between the relative abundance of bacteria and testosterone levels was discovered using linear regression analysis in R language. RESULTS There was no substantial difference in alpha and beta diversity. Blautia and Lachnospirales were significantly much higher in the testosterone deficiency group. Linear regression analysis showed that the abundance of Firmicutes at the phylum level and Lachnospirales at the order level were negatively correlated with testosterone level. After correcting for C-reactive protein (CRP) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the relative abundance of Lachnospirales still had a significant negative correlation with testosterone level. Meanwhile, at the genus level, Lachnoclostridium, Blautia, and Bergeyella had a statistically significant negative association with testosterone level, respectively. Blautia was positively associated with FPG and total cholesterol level. Streptococcus was found positively associated with insulin, connecting peptide, and index of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. CONCLUSION T2DM patients with testosterone deficiency have different gut microbiota compositions compared with T2DM patients alone. Low serum testosterone patients tend to have an increased abundance of opportunistic pathogens, which may be related to the occurrence and development of testosterone deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Ruying Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, ChangQing People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Luna Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Youyuan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyu Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunxiao Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunxiao Yu, ; Qingbo Guan,
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunxiao Yu, ; Qingbo Guan,
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