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Yoon J, Yoon HS, Shin Y, Kim S, Ju Y, Kim J, Chung S. Ethanol-dispersed and antibody-conjugated polymer nanofibers for the selective capture and 3-dimensional culture of EpCAM-positive cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1617-1625. [PMID: 28285160 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun and ethanol-dispersed polystyrene-poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PS-PSMA) nanofibers (NFs) were used as a platform for the selective capture and three-dimensional culture of EpCAM-positive cells in cell culture medium and whole blood. The NFs were treated with streptavidin to facilitate bond formation between the amino groups of streptavidin and the maleic anhydride groups of the NFs. A biotinylated anti-EpCAM monoclonal antibody (mAb) was attached to the streptavidin-conjugated NFs via the selective binding of streptavidin and biotin. Upon simple mixing and shaking with EpCAM-positive cancer cells in a wide concentration range from 10 to 1000,000 cells per 10mL, the mAb-attached NFs (mAb-NFs) captured the Ep-CAM positive cells in an efficiency of 59%-67% depending on initial cell concentrations, with minor mechanical capture of 14%-36%. Captured cells were directly cultured, forming cell aggregates, in the NF matrix, which ensures the cell proliferation and follow-up analysis. Furthermore, the capture capacity of mAb-NFs was assessed in the presence of whole blood and blood lysates, indicating cluster formation that captured target cells. It is anticipated that the antibody-attached NFs can be employed for the capture and analysis of very rare EpCAM positive circulating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyo Yoon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sanghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjun Ju
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungbae Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seok Chung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim ST, Kim DJ, Kim TJ, Seo DW, Kim TH, Lee SY, Kim K, Lee KM, Lee SK. Novel streptavidin-functionalized silicon nanowire arrays for CD4+ T lymphocyte separation. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:2877-2883. [PMID: 20698600 DOI: 10.1021/nl100942p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) offer promising inorganic nanostructures for biomedical application. Here, we report the development of a novel SiNW array designed for isolating primary CD4(+) T lymphocytes from the heterogeneous mixture of cell populations. Our system employed the specific high-affinity binding features of streptavidin (STR)-functionalized SiNW with biotin-labeled CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Fabricated SiNW arrays easily separated the CD4(+) T lymphocytes from the mouse whole splenocytes with over approximately 88% purity and demonstrated tight attachment to CD4(+) T lymphocytes by scanning electron microscopy. Thus, our STR-SiNW arrays provide a potential tool for specific cell separation and further present a possibility to be applied to the other area of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Tae Kim
- Global Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Division of Brain Korea, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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Lyons PA, Koukoulaki M, Hatton A, Doggett K, Woffendin HB, Chaudhry AN, Smith KGC. Microarray analysis of human leucocyte subsets: the advantages of positive selection and rapid purification. BMC Genomics 2007; 8:64. [PMID: 17338817 PMCID: PMC1828063 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Accepted: 03/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For expression profiling to have a practical impact in the management of immune-related disease it is essential that it can be applied to peripheral blood cells. Early studies have used total peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and as a consequence the majority of the disease-related signatures identified have simply reflected differences in the relative abundance of individual cell types between patients and controls. To identify cell-specific changes in transcription it would be necessary to profile purified leucocyte subsets. Results We have used sequential rounds of positive selection to isolate CD4 and CD8 T cells, CD19 B cells, CD14 monocytes and CD16 neutrophils for microarray analysis from a single blood sample. We compared gene expression in cells isolated in parallel using either positive or negative selection and demonstrate that there are no significant consistent changes due to positive selection, and that the far inferior results obtained by negative selection are largely due to reduced purity. Finally, we demonstrate that storing cells prior to separation leads to profound changes in expression, predominantly in cells of the myeloid lineage. Conclusion Leukocyte subsets should be prepared for microarray analysis by rapid positive selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Lyons
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
| | - Maria Koukoulaki
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
| | - Alexander Hatton
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
| | - Karen Doggett
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
| | - Hayley B Woffendin
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
| | - Afzal N Chaudhry
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
| | - Kenneth GC Smith
- Department of Medicine, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
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Miller G, Lahrs S, Shah AB, DeMatteo RP. Optimization of dendritic cell maturation and gene transfer by recombinant adenovirus. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2003; 52:347-58. [PMID: 12739067 PMCID: PMC11034309 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-003-0379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2002] [Accepted: 12/13/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) have vast potential for immunotherapy. Transferring therapeutic genes to DC may enhance their inherent T cell-stimulatory capacity. Recombinant adenovirus is the most efficient vehicle for DC gene transfer and can alone mature DC. We sought to define the parameters of adenovirus infection of murine bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC) and the concomitant impact on BMDC maturation. The efficiency of adenoviral gene transfer to DC depended on the mouse strain, the organ source of DC, and the level of DC maturation. C57BL/6 BMDC consistently had higher transgene expression than BALB/c DC. While BMDC had considerable GFP expression after AdGFP infection, adenovirus was relatively ineffective in accomplishing transgene expression in freshly isolated hepatic or splenic DC. BMDC that were relatively immature because of a shorter duration of culture had higher transgene expression after infection. Nevertheless, pretreatment of DC with exogenous stimulants such as LPS or TNF-alpha resulted in higher transgene expression. Maturation of BMDC depended only on virus entry but not viral gene or transgene expression. Therefore, DC maturation was disproportionately high compared to the percentage of DC that actually expressed the adenoviral transgene. Maturation by adenovirus was only seen in BMDC, but not in liver or splenic DC, and was more pronounced in DC from later in culture (day 12 versus day 6). There was a dose-response relationship, up to a threshold dose, between adenovirus infection and both DC maturation and enhancement of DC activation of antigen-specific T cells. Our findings underscore the importance of optimizing gene transfer to DC in designing strategies for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Miller
- Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Svenja Lahrs
- Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Alaap B. Shah
- Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Ronald P. DeMatteo
- Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
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Ellison CA, Amadeo RJ, Gartner JG. GVHD-associated enteropathy and endotoxemia in F1-hybrid recipients of NK1.1-depleted grafts. Scand J Immunol 2001; 54:375-82. [PMID: 11555404 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work using a C57BL/6-->(C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1-hybrid model of acute GVHD showed that mortality can be completely prevented if grafts are depleted of NK1.1+ cells in vitro. To achieve this protection, it was necessary to inject the donors with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid 18 h before the graft was harvested. In another study, we showed that interferon (IFN)-gamma production and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha release are markedly reduced in these recipients, suggesting that this treatment abrogates the Th1-mediated immune response that underlies the development of this disease. However, because it has also been hypothesized that cytotoxic NK1.1+ cells mediate injury to tissues targeted by the GVH reaction, we wished to determine whether NK1.1 depletion of the graft would also prevent the development of GVHD-associated enteropathy and endotoxemia. We therefore induced GVH reactions in (C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1 hybrids using either untreated grafts from unstimulated C57BL/6 donors, or NK1.1-depleted grafts from poly I:C-stimulated donors. We identified intestinal lesions morphologically in sections of ileum collected from each group of recipients but not in control mice. We also compared endotoxin levels in the sera. Our results indicate that GVHD-associated enteropathy occurs in both groups of recipients, and that the levels of LPS in the sera do not differ significantly.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens/immunology
- Antigens, Ly
- Antigens, Surface
- Cell Transplantation
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Endotoxemia/blood
- Endotoxemia/immunology
- Female
- Graft vs Host Disease/blood
- Graft vs Host Disease/immunology
- Graft vs Host Disease/mortality
- Graft vs Host Disease/pathology
- Ileum/immunology
- Ileum/pathology
- Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type
- Lipopolysaccharides/blood
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B
- Proteins/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Weight Loss
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Ellison
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Ellison CA, HayGlass KT, Fischer JM, Rector ES, MacDonald GC, Gartner JG. Depletion of natural killer cells from the graft reduces interferon-gamma levels and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha release in F1 hybrid mice with acute graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation 1998; 66:284-94. [PMID: 9721794 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199808150-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We wished to determine whether removal of NK1.1+ cells from the graft provides protection against acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by obviating the Th1 immune response that underlies the development of this disease. METHODS Graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions were induced in two groups of (C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1 hybrid mice. The first received grafts harvested from polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-stimulated, C57BL/6 donors and depleted in vitro of NK1.1+ cells. This treatment provides protection against GVHD-associated mortality and cachexia. The second received unmodified grafts. We compared interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 production as well as the levels of engraftment in these two groups. Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release was also compared since TNF-alpha levels in GVH mice following injection of a sublethal dose of endotoxin provide an index of macrophage priming by Th1 cytokines. RESULTS Interferon-gamma production was absent in recipients of NK1.1-depleted grafts at the time when high levels were seen in recipients of unmodified grafts. Following lipopolysaccharide injection, high levels of TNF-alpha were observed in recipients of unmodified grafts, whereas negligible amounts were present in recipients of NK1.1-depleted grafts. The use of NK1.1-depleted grafts did not result in a reduced level of engraftment of CD4+ or CD8+ cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NK1.1 depletion of the graft confers protection against mortality by interfering with an immunoregulatory mechanism that results in the development of a Th1 response in GVH mice, and does not result in abortion of the graft. Because macrophage priming is prevented, recipients are also protected from the exaggerated sensitivity to endotoxin seen in mice with acute GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Ellison
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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KISO Y, TOKUNAGA Y, KUSAKABE K, OKADA T, MORIKAWA Y, SASAKI F. Isolation of Granulated Metrial Gland Cells, a Uterine Form of Natural Killer Cell, by Magnetic Immunobeads/Particles. J Reprod Dev 1998. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.44.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo KISO
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753, Japan
| | - Yoshiko TOKUNAGA
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 593, Japan
| | - Ken KUSAKABE
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 593, Japan
| | - Toshiya OKADA
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 593, Japan
| | - Yoshio MORIKAWA
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 593, Japan
| | - Fumihiko SASAKI
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 593, Japan
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Jamur MC, Grodzki AC, Moreno AN, Swaim WD, Siraganian RP, Oliver C. Immunomagnetic isolation of rat bone marrow-derived and peritoneal mast cells. J Histochem Cytochem 1997; 45:1715-22. [PMID: 9389775 DOI: 10.1177/002215549704501215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are difficult to purify from heterogeneous cell populations and to preserve, especially for pre-embedding immunostaining at the ultrastructural level. We have developed a technique that permits the isolation of a pure population of mast cells suitable for immunocytochemical studies. A rat mast cell-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb AA4) conjugated to tosylactivated Dynabeads 450 was used to immunomagnetically separate mast cells from rat bone marrow and peritoneal cell suspensions. Approximately 85% of the mast cells were recovered in the positive population that comprised virtually pure mast cells. After microwave fixation, morphological examination showed that the cells were intact and retained their ultrastructural detail. Mast cells in all stages of maturation were immunolabeled with a panel of antibodies after immunomagnetic separation. The combination of immunomagnetic separation followed by immunostaining should prove useful for the study of mast cell maturation and for the characterization of other specific cell types that are present in tissues in only limited numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Jamur
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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