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Li Q, Wei S, Liu Z. How is parental psychological control associated with adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas? The serial mediating role of psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1458378. [PMID: 39228918 PMCID: PMC11368857 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1458378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescent mental health has been an issue of global concern, and the mental health of adolescents in economically disadvantaged areas may require additional research. The research delves into factors associated with economically disadvantaged areas' adolescent mental health, employing family systems theory, self-determination theory, and psychological reactance theory. Specifically, the present study which was done in Jingzhou country, an economically disadvantaged area of Hunan Province, China, aimed to examine the link between parental psychological control and adolescent mental health, as well as the mediating roles of psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use in this relationship. Methods A sample of 1300 Chinese middle school students (620 girls, mean age = 14.22 ± 1.29) completed self-reported measures of parental psychological control, psychological reactance, problematic smartphone use, and adolescent mental health. Results Results showed that parental psychological control was negatively associated with adolescent mental health. Psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use mediated the association between parental psychological control and adolescent mental health, separately and serially. Discussion The findings of the present study enrich the literature on parenting styles and adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas, and this provides an intervention perspective to reduce the negative impact of poor parenting on adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- School of Educational Science, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuwen Wei
- Department of Social Work, School of Sociology and Political Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixiao Liu
- Department of Social Work, School of Sociology and Political Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Martín-Piñón O, McWood LM, Erath SA, Hinnant B, El-Sheikh M. Maternal psychological control and adolescent adjustment: Sleep as a moderator. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13986. [PMID: 37434367 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Maternal psychological control has been linked consistently to poorer adjustment for adolescents, however, studies of variability in the association between psychological control and adjustment are rare. Sleep serves crucial bioregulatory functions that promote well-being and protect youths against poor adjustment associated with negative family environments. We hypothesised that the link between maternal psychological control and adolescent maladjustment would be strongest for youths with poorer actigraphy-based sleep. The current study included 245 adolescents (Mage = 15.79 years, 52.2% girls, 33.1% Black/African American and 66.9% White/European American; 43% at or below the poverty line). Adolescents reported on their mothers' psychological control toward them, as well as their internalising and externalising symptoms (aggressive and rule breaking behaviours). Several sleep variables were derived: minutes, onset time, and variability in each parameter over 1 week. For youths with shorter, less consistent sleep (both mean levels and variability in minutes and onset), maternal psychological control was associated with adjustment difficulties, especially externalising symptoms. This association was not significant for youth obtaining longer, more consistent sleep. The results were most evident for variability in sleep minutes and onset as moderators of effects. The findings suggest that longer and more consistent sleep is an important protective factor in the context of more controlling parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Martín-Piñón
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Leanna M McWood
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Stephen A Erath
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Benjamin Hinnant
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Flamant N, Haerens L, Vansteenkiste M, Van Petegem S, Soenens B. Are All Negotiations Equally Favorable? The Role of Adolescents' Negotiation Style, Social Domain, and Mothers' Authoritarian Beliefs and Family History. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:485-505. [PMID: 37831430 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01880-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Although negotiation is generally considered an adaptive means for adolescents to express disagreement in the parent-child relationship, previous research on the correlates of adolescents' negotiation has reported rather mixed results. This may be because parents do not always positively appraise and respond to adolescents' negotiation. The key aim of the present study was to better understand variability in mothers' appraisals and responses to adolescents' negotiation attempts. This was done by examining whether their appraisals and responses vary as a function of adolescents' negotiation style, social domain, and mothers' personal characteristics (i.e., authoritarian beliefs and their own history of being parented). A total of 476 mothers of 9th and 10th grade adolescents in Belgium (Mage mothers = 44.93 years old, SD = 4.07; Mage adolescents = 14.88, SD = 0.75, 51.7% boys) participated in a vignette-based experimental study. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing authoritarian beliefs and their own history of being parented, and read a vignette-based scenario depicting an adolescent's negotiation attempt. Using a between-person 2 × 2 design, adolescents' negotiation style (autonomy-supportive versus controlling) and social domain (personal versus multifaceted) were experimentally manipulated. Mothers were more likely to positively appraise and respond in more constructive ways if adolescents adopted an autonomy-supportive instead of a controlling negotiation style, and when the situation involved a personal rather than a multifaceted issue. Mothers with high authoritarian beliefs and those with a history of being parented in a psychologically controlling way, had a more negative attitude towards adolescents' negotiation. Overall, the results suggest that the success of adolescents' negotiation depends on how, about what, and with whom they negotiate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Flamant
- Department of Developmental, Social, and Personality Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Leen Haerens
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vansteenkiste
- Department of Developmental, Social, and Personality Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Petegem
- Research Center on Development, Family, and Human Systems (DEFASY), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- , F.R.S.-FNRS Research Associate, Belgium
| | - Bart Soenens
- Department of Developmental, Social, and Personality Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Vasiou A, Kassis W, Krasanaki A, Aksoy D, Favre CA, Tantaros S. Exploring Parenting Styles Patterns and Children's Socio-Emotional Skills. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1126. [PMID: 37508623 PMCID: PMC10378631 DOI: 10.3390/children10071126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we adopted parenting styles as a multidimensional and latent construct that includes different aspects of parenting, rather than solely focusing on a single parenting style. In a Web-based survey with 1203 Greek parents, we identified parenting styles and their SDQ reports on their children. According to our results by Latent Profile Analysis, we must use a more complex approach concerning parenting styles. We identified a "Highly Authoritative style" profile with high levels of authoritative, low levels of authoritarian and middle levels of permissive parenting styles. We additionally identified a profile called "Relaxed Authoritative style", with still high but lower levels of authoritative style, low but slightly heightened levels of authoritarian style, and middle levels of permissive style. A further profile, named "Permissive Focused Authoritative style", had a mix of high levels of authoritative, moderate levels of permissive, and elevated levels of authoritarian parenting styles. Finally, in a profile named "Inconsistent Parenting style", we identified parents with a blend of still high, but the lowest of all four levels of authoritative and highest levels of permissive and authoritarian parenting styles. When combining the four identified parenting patterns with the SDQ results, we identified the "highly authoritative parenting style" profile to be the least connected to internalizing or externalizing problems of the respective children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Vasiou
- Department of Primary Education, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Wassilis Kassis
- Department of Research & Development, School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | | | - Dilan Aksoy
- Department of Research & Development, School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Céline Anne Favre
- Department of Research & Development, School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Spyridon Tantaros
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
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A Daily Examination of the Moderating Role of Adolescents' Coping in Associations between Psychologically Controlling Parenting and Adolescents' Maladjustment. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:287-305. [PMID: 36242695 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To explain why there is substantial heterogeneity in the degree to which adolescents suffer from psychologically controlling parenting, it is important to take into account adolescents' active contribution to the socialization processes and to their coping with controlling parenting in particular. This study aimed to examine whether adolescents' coping with controlling parenting (i.e., oppositional defiance, compulsive compliance, negotiation, and accommodation) moderated associations between psychologically controlling parenting, adolescents' experiences of psychological need frustration, and their internalizing and externalizing problems. A total of 161 adolescents (M age = 15.56 years; SD age = 1.14; 61.5% female) and either their mother or their father participated in 7-day diary study. As expected, accommodation played an adaptive role, thereby buffering within-person (daily) associations between psychologically controlling parenting, adolescents' need frustration, and subsequent problems. Unexpectedly, compulsive compliance played a similar adaptive role. Overall, the moderating effects of coping were rather limited, suggesting that adolescents' coping can alter the daily negative consequences associated with psychologically controlling parenting only to a certain extent.
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Parental psychological control, academic self-efficacy and adolescent drinking: The roles of teacher-student relationship and sensation seeking. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Flamant N, Boncquet M, Van Petegem S, Haerens L, Beyers W, Soenens B. To endure or to resist? Adolescents' coping with overprotective parenting. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Soenens B, Vansteenkiste M. Taking adolescents' agency in socialization seriously: The role of appraisals and cognitive-behavioral responses in autonomy-relevant parenting. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2020; 2020:7-26. [PMID: 33029916 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Parent-adolescent relationships are highly bidirectional in nature, with parental behaviors affecting adolescents' adjustment and with adolescents' behaviors, in turn, eliciting parental practices. However, there is more to adolescents' agency in the socialization process than simple reciprocity. Adolescents contribute actively to the quality and nature of the parent-adolescent relationship by giving meaning to parental behaviors and by engaging in cognitive-behavioral responses to parenting. These processes are discussed in the context of autonomy-relevant parenting, a dimension of parenting with pivotal importance for adolescents' psychosocial adjustment. We call for more research on the micro-processes involved in adolescents' agency because such research can yield a deeper insight in adolescents' differential susceptibility to parenting (depending on factors such as age, culture, and personality). It can also help to explain the multifinality involved in parenting, with, for instance, controlling parenting relating to distinct developmental problems in different adolescents. Finally, such research has applied value because it can help identify adolescents most at risk for the consequences of adverse parenting, and because it can help inform prevention programs aimed at strengthening constructive parent-adolescent communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Soenens
- Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vansteenkiste
- Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
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