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Silva S, Kurrikoff K, Langel Ü, Almeida AJ, Vale N. A Second Life for MAP, a Model Amphipathic Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8322. [PMID: 35955457 PMCID: PMC9368858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been shown to be efficient in the transport of cargoes into the cells, namely siRNA and DNA, proteins and peptides, and in some cases, small therapeutics. These peptides have emerged as a solution to increase drug concentrations in different tissues and various cell types, therefore having a relevant therapeutic relevance which led to clinical trials. One of them, MAP, is a model amphipathic peptide with an α-helical conformation and both hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues in opposite sides of the helix. It is composed of a mixture of alanines, leucines, and lysines (KLALKLALKALKAALKLA). The CPP MAP has the ability to translocate oligonucleotides, peptides and small proteins. However, taking advantage of its unique properties, in recent years innovative concepts were developed, such as in silico studies of modelling with receptors, coupling and repurposing drugs in the central nervous system and oncology, or involving the construction of dual-drug delivery systems using nanoparticles. In addition to designs of MAP-linked vehicles and strategies to achieve highly effective yet less toxic chemotherapy, this review will be focused on unique molecular structure and how it determines its cellular activity, and also intends to address the most recent and frankly motivating issues for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Silva
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Kaido Kurrikoff
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (Ü.L.)
| | - Ülo Langel
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (Ü.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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2
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Wang X, Li J, Hayashi Y. Highly Sterically Hindered Peptide Bond Formation between α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids and N-Alkyl Cysteines Using α,α-Disubstituted α-Amidonitrile. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10145-10150. [PMID: 35658430 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins attract enormous attention in many fields of academia and industry. The introduction of unusual amino acids such as α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids or N-alkyl α-amino acids into normal peptide backbones is a well-utilized and useful tool for the modification of properties such as conformation, biological activity, and pharmacological profile. Despite the significant interest in sterically hindered peptides, research on peptides bearing an amide bond between an α,α-disubstituted α-amino acid and an N-alkyl α-amino acid remains underexplored because of the lack of an efficient synthetic approach. Herein, we describe a high-yielding synthetic method to access such extremely sterically hindered peptide bonds between amino acids. The reaction takes place between a peptide with an α,α-disubstituted α-amidonitrile and a second peptide bearing an N-alkyl cysteine, without a coupling reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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3
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Wada SI, Shibaike A, Hayashi J, Urata H. Influence of Aib-Containing Amphipathic Helical Chain Length in MAP(Aib)-cRGD as Carrier for siRNA Delivery. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100728. [PMID: 34842340 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
MAP(Aib)-cRGD, which is a conjugate of an α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib)-containing amphipathic helical peptide [MAP(Aib)] with a αv β3 integrin binding ligand, cRGD, at the C-terminus of the helical peptide, has been developed for siRNA delivery into cells. In this work, we synthesized three peptides containing 19 (PI), 18 (PII), and 17 (PIII) amino acid residues in the helical peptide, which lack Aib, Leu-Aib, and Lys-Leu-Aib residues present in the C-terminus of the helical peptide of the parent MAP(Aib)-cRGD, respectively. MAP(Aib)-cRGD showed the siRNA delivery into cells and the RNAi effect both in the presence and in the absence of serum in reaction media. In contrast, PI delivered siRNA into cells, and this was followed by the RNAi effect in only serum-free reaction media. On the other hand, siRNA delivery was abolished by the further reduction of the number of residues (PII and PIII) in the C-terminus. Our data indicate that the Aib-containing helical part requires 20 residues in the conjugation of the helical peptide with cRGD for the construction of carrier for siRNA delivery into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Wada
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Akira Shibaike
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Junsuke Hayashi
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hidehito Urata
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
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4
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Kato T, Kita Y, Iwanari K, Asano A, Oba M, Tanaka M, Doi M. Synthesis of six-membered carbocyclic ring α,α-disubstituted amino acids and arginine-rich peptides to investigate the effect of ring size on the properties of the peptide. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 38:116111. [PMID: 33838611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been attracting attention as tools for intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeant functional molecules. Among the variety of CPPs that have been developed, many are composed of both natural and unnatural amino acids. We previously synthesized α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids (dAAs) containing a five-membered carbocyclic ring in its side chain and revealed the utility of dAAs for the development of novel CPPs. In the present study, we designed a six-membered carbocyclic ring dAA with an amino group on the ring and introduced it into arginine (Arg)-rich peptides to further investigate the value of dAAs for developing CPPs. We also assessed the effects of the size of the dAA carbocyclic ring on cellular uptake of dAA-containing peptides. The stability of the peptide's secondary structure and its membrane permeability were both greater in dAA-containing peptides than in an Arg nonapeptide. However, the number of carbon atoms in the dAA side chain ring had little effect. Nevertheless, these results show the utility of cyclic dAAs in the design of novel CPPs containing unnatural amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kato
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kita
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwanari
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Akiko Asano
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-0823, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Doi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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5
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Lee HS, Wang SH, Daniel JT, Hossain MA, Clark RJ, Bathgate RAD, Rosengren KJ. Exploring the Use of Helicogenic Amino Acids for Optimising Single Chain Relaxin-3 Peptide Agonists. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100415. [PMID: 33066369 PMCID: PMC7602263 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Relaxin-3 is a highly conserved two-chain neuropeptide that acts through its endogenous receptor the Relaxin Family Peptide-3 (RXFP3) receptor. The ligand/receptor system is known to modulate several physiological processes, with changes in food intake and anxiety-levels the most well studied in rodent models. Agonist and antagonist analogues based on the native two-chain peptide are costly to synthesise and not ideal drug leads. Since RXFP3 interacting residues are found in the relaxin B-chain only, this has been the focus of analogue development. The B-chain is unstructured without the A-chain support, but in single-chain variants structure can be induced by dicarba-based helical stapling strategies. Here we investigated whether alternative helical inducing strategies also can enhance structure and activity at RXFP3. Combinations of the helix inducing α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) were incorporated into the sequence of the relaxin-3 B-chain. Aib residues at positions 13, 17 and 18 partially reintroduce helicity and activity of the relaxin-3 B-chain, but other positions are generally not suited for modifications. We identify Thr21 as a putative new receptor contact residue important for RXFP3 binding. Cysteine residues were also incorporated into the sequence and cross-linked with dichloroacetone or α, α'-dibromo-m-xylene. However, in contrast to previously reported dicarba variants, neither were found to promote structure and RXFP3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Siean Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (H.S.L.); (S.H.W.); (J.T.D.); (R.J.C.)
| | - Shu Hui Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (H.S.L.); (S.H.W.); (J.T.D.); (R.J.C.)
| | - James T. Daniel
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (H.S.L.); (S.H.W.); (J.T.D.); (R.J.C.)
| | - Mohammed Akhter Hossain
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (M.A.H.); (R.A.D.B.)
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Richard J. Clark
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (H.S.L.); (S.H.W.); (J.T.D.); (R.J.C.)
| | - Ross A. D. Bathgate
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (M.A.H.); (R.A.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - K. Johan Rosengren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (H.S.L.); (S.H.W.); (J.T.D.); (R.J.C.)
- Correspondence:
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siRNA delivery using amphipathic cell-penetrating peptides into human hepatoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115402. [PMID: 32146061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are an attractive tool for delivering membrane-impermeable compounds, including anionic biomacromolecules such as DNA and RNA, into living cells. Amphipathic helical peptides composed of hydrophobic amino acids and cationic amino acids are typical CPPs. In the current study, we designed amphipathic helical 12-mer peptides containing α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids (dAAs), which are known to stabilize peptide secondary structures. The dominant secondary structures of peptides in aqueous solution differed according to the introduced dAAs. Peptides containing hydrophobic dAAs and adopting a helical structure exhibited a good cell-penetrating ability. As an application of amphipathic helical peptides, small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery into living human hepatoma cells was investigated. One of the peptides containing dAAs dipropylglycine formed stable complexes with siRNA at appropriate zeta-potential and size for intracellular siRNA delivery. This peptide showed effective RNA interference efficiency at short peptide length and low concentrations of peptide and siRNA. These findings will be helpful for the design of amphipathic helical CPPs as intracellular siRNA delivery.
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7
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Taniguchi K, Wada SI, Ito Y, Hayashi J, Inomata Y, Lee SW, Tanaka T, Komura K, Akao Y, Urata H, Uchiyama K. α-Aminoisobutyric Acid-Containing Amphipathic Helical Peptide-Cyclic RGD Conjugation as a Potential Drug Delivery System for MicroRNA Replacement Therapy in Vitro. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4542-4550. [PMID: 31596588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Replacement therapy with tumor suppressive microRNA (TS-miRNA) might be the next-generation oligonucleotide therapy; however, a novel drug delivery system (DDS) is required. Recently, we developed the cell-penetrating peptide, model amphipathic peptide with α-aminoisobutyric acid (MAP(Aib)), as a carrier for oligonucleotide delivery to cells. In this study, we examined whether a modified MAP(Aib) analogue, MAP(Aib)-cRGD, could be a DDS for TS-miRNA replacement therapy. MIR145-5p, a representative TS-miRNA especially in colorectal cancer, was selected. The MAP(Aib)-cRGD dose was adjusted for MIR145-5p delivery to cells using peripheral blood mononuclear cells and degradation analysis. AlexaFluor488-labeled MIR145-5p incorporation into cells and negative regulation of MIR145-5p-targeting genes demonstrated MAP(Aib)-cRGD's functionality as a miRNA DDS. Treating MIR145-5p with MAP(Aib)-cRGD also revealed various anticancer effects, such as cell viability, invasion inhibition, and apoptosis induction in WiDr cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that MAP(Aib)-cRGD could be a DDS for TS-miRNA replacement therapy, but in vivo investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shun-Ichi Wada
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 4-20-1 Nasahara , Takatsuki , Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
| | | | - Junsuke Hayashi
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 4-20-1 Nasahara , Takatsuki , Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , 1-1 Yanagido , Gifu 501-1193 , Japan
| | - Hidehito Urata
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 4-20-1 Nasahara , Takatsuki , Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
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8
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Wada SI, Taniguchi K, Hamazaki H, Yamada A, Hayashi J, Uchiyama K, Urata H. Influence of lysine residue in amphipathic helical peptides on targeted delivery of RNA into cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1934-1937. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Highly efficient drug-delivery tools for membrane-impermeable compounds, proteins, and nucleic acids in living cells are useful in the fields of chemical biology and drug discovery, and such tools have been widely studied. One strategy in the development of novel drug-delivery tools is to utilize cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) foldamers. CPP foldamers are folded oligopeptides that possess cell membrane permeability. In recent decades, a wide variety of CPP foldamers have been reported by many groups. Herein, CPP foldamers are introduced and discussed from the viewpoints of component monomers (amino acids) and their application as drug-delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
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10
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Oba M, Ito Y, Umeno T, Kato T, Tanaka M. Plasmid DNA Delivery Using Cell-Penetrating Peptide Foldamers Composed of Arg–Arg–Aib Repeating Sequences. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5660-5668. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yurika Ito
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Umeno
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takuma Kato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 40-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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11
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Müller J, Kirschner RA, Berndt JP, Wulsdorf T, Metz A, Hrdina R, Schreiner PR, Geyer A, Klebe G. Diamondoid Amino Acid-Based Peptide Kinase A Inhibitor Analogues. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:663-672. [PMID: 30677243 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of diamondoid amino acids (DAAs) into peptide-like drugs is a general strategy to improve lipophilicity, membrane permeability, and metabolic stability of peptidomimetic pharmaceuticals. We designed and synthesized five novel peptidic DAA-containing kinase inhibitors of protein kinase A using a sophisticated molecular dynamics protocol and solid-phase peptide synthesis. By means of a thermophoresis binding assay, NMR, and crystal structure analysis, we determined the influence of the DAAs on the secondary structure and binding affinity in comparison to the native protein kinase inhibitor, which is purely composed of proteinogenic amino acids. Affinity and binding pose are largely conserved. One variant showed 6.5-fold potency improvement, most likely related to its increased side chain lipophilicity. A second variant exhibited slightly decreased affinity presumably due to loss of hydrogen-bond contacts to surrounding water molecules of the first solvation shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Romina A Kirschner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Berndt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Wulsdorf
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Metz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Radim Hrdina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Armin Geyer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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12
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Oba M, Nagano Y, Kato T, Tanaka M. Secondary structures and cell-penetrating abilities of arginine-rich peptide foldamers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1349. [PMID: 30718681 PMCID: PMC6362038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Foldamers, which are folded oligomers with well-defined conformations, have been recently reported to have a good cell-penetrating ability. α,α-Disubstituted α-amino acids are one such promising tool for the design of peptide foldamers. Here, we prepared four types of L-arginine-rich nonapeptides containing L-leucine or α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids, and evaluated their secondary structures and cell-penetrating abilities in order to elucidate a correlation between them. Peptides containing α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids had similar resistance to protease digestion but showed different secondary structures. Intracellular uptake assays revealed that the helicity of peptides was important for their cell-penetrating abilities. These findings suggested that a peptide foldamer with a stable helical structure could be promising for the design of cell-penetrating peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oba
- Graduate School Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Yu Nagano
- Graduate School Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takuma Kato
- Graduate School Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 40-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
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13
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Tyagi C, Marik T, Szekeres A, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L, Ötvös F. Tripleurin XIIc: Peptide Folding Dynamics in Aqueous and Hydrophobic Environment Mimic Using Accelerated Molecular Dynamics. Molecules 2019; 24:E358. [PMID: 30669493 PMCID: PMC6359335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptaibols are a special class of fungal peptides with an acetylated N-terminus and a C-terminal 1,2-amino alcohol along with non-standard amino acid residues. New peptaibols named tripleurins were recently identified from a strain of the filamentous fungal species Trichoderma pleuroti, which is known to cause green mould disease on cultivated oyster mushrooms. To understand the mode of action of these peptaibols, the three-dimensional structure of tripleurin (TPN) XIIc, an 18-mer peptide, was elucidated using an enhanced sampling method, accelerated MD, in water and chloroform solvents. Non-standard residues were parameterized by the Restrained Electrostatic Potential (RESP) charge fitting method. The dihedral distribution indicated towards a right-handed helical formation for TPN XIIc in both solvents. Dihedral angle based principal component analysis revealed a propensity for a slightly bent, helical folded conformation in water solvent, while two distinct conformations were revealed in chloroform: One that folds into highly bent helical structure that resembles a beta-hairpin and another with an almost straight peptide backbone appearing as a rare energy barrier crossing event. The hinge-like movement of the terminals was also observed and is speculated to be functionally relevant. The convergence and efficient sampling is addressed using Cartesian PCA and Kullback-Leibler divergence methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Ötvös
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
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14
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Peptide-based targeted therapeutics: Focus on cancer treatment. J Control Release 2018; 292:141-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Kato T, Oba M, Nishida K, Tanaka M. Cell-Penetrating Peptides Using Cyclic α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids with Basic Functional Groups. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1368-1376. [PMID: 33418667 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the delivery of cell-impermeable molecules, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been attracting increasing attention as intracellular delivery tools. In the present study, we designed four types of cyclic α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids (dAAs) with basic functional groups on their five-membered rings and different chiralities at the α-position and introduced them into arginine (Arg)-rich peptides. The evaluation of cell-penetrating abilities indicated that these peptides exhibited better cell permeabilities than an Arg nonapeptide. Furthermore, peptides containing dAAs delivered plasmid DNA (pDNA) better than a commercially available transfection reagent with a longer incubation time. These results demonstrate that the introduction of cyclic dAAs with basic functional groups into Arg-rich peptides is an effective strategy for the design of CPPs as a pDNA delivery tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.,Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 40-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Koyo Nishida
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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16
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Bode SA, Löwik DWPM. Constrained cell penetrating peptides. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2017; 26:33-42. [PMID: 29249241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review we provide an overview of recent developments in the field of cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) on research that aims to achieve better control over their transduction properties - one of the big challenges - by means of restraining them. Three different constraining strategies are presented: triggerable activation, backbone rigidification and macrocyclization. Each of these methods have their opportunities in gaining control over CPP activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bode
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Bio-organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D W P M Löwik
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Bio-organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Wada SI, Takesada A, Nagamura Y, Sogabe E, Ohki R, Hayashi J, Urata H. Structure-activity relationship study of Aib-containing amphipathic helical peptide-cyclic RGD conjugates as carriers for siRNA delivery. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5378-5381. [PMID: 29157863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The conjugation of Aib-containing amphipathic helical peptide with cyclo(-Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-Cys-) (cRGDfC) at the C-terminus of the helix peptide (PI) has been reported to be useful for constructing a carrier for targeted siRNA delivery into cells. In order to explore structure-activity relationships for the development of potential carriers for siRNA delivery, we synthesized conjugates of Aib-containing amphipathic helical peptide with cRGDfC at the N-terminus (PII) and both the N- and C-termini (PIII) of the helical peptide. Furthermore, to examine the influence of PI helical chain length on siRNA delivery, truncated peptides containing 16 (PIV), 12 (PV), and 8 (PVI) amino acid residues at the N-terminus of the helical chain were synthesized. PII and PIII, as well as PI, could deliver anti-luciferase siRNA into cells to induce the knockdown of luciferase stably expressed in cells. In contrast, all of the truncated peptides were unlikely to transport siRNA into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Wada
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Anna Takesada
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yurie Nagamura
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Eri Sogabe
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Rieko Ohki
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Junsuke Hayashi
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hidehito Urata
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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18
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Identification and Evaluation of the Minimum Unit of a KALA Peptide Required for Gene Delivery and Immune Activation. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:3113-3119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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19
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Oba M, Kunitake M, Kato T, Ueda A, Tanaka M. Enhanced and Prolonged Cell-Penetrating Abilities of Arginine-Rich Peptides by Introducing Cyclic α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids with Stapling. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1801-1806. [PMID: 28603971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides are receiving increasing attention as drug delivery tools, and the search for peptides with high cell-penetrating ability and negligible cytotoxicity has become a critical research topic. Herein, cyclic α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids were introduced into arginine-rich peptides and an additional staple was provided in the side chain. The peptides designed in the present study showed more enhanced and prolonged cell-penetrating abilities than an arginine nonapeptide due to high resistance to protease and conformationally stable helical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University , 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kunitake
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University , 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takuma Kato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University , 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University , 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University , 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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20
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Jayakody T, Marwari S, Lakshminarayanan R, Tan FCK, Johannes CW, Dymock BW, Poulsen A, Herr DR, Dawe GS. Hydrocarbon stapled B chain analogues of relaxin-3 retain biological activity. Peptides 2016; 84:44-57. [PMID: 27498038 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Relaxin-3 or insulin-like peptide 7 (INSL7) is the most recently discovered relaxin/insulin-like family peptide. Mature relaxin-3 consists of an A chain and a B chain held by disulphide bonds. According to structure activity relationship studies, the relaxin-3 B chain is more important in binding and activating the receptor. RXFP3 (also known as Relaxin-3 receptor 1, GPCR 135, somatostatin- and angiotensin- like peptide receptor or SALPR) was identified as the cognate receptor for relaxin-3 by expression profiles and binding studies. Recent studies imply roles of this system in mediating stress and anxiety, feeding, metabolism and cognition. Stapling of peptides is a technique used to develop peptide drugs for otherwise undruggable targets. The main advantages of stapling include, increased activity due to reduced proteolysis, increased affinity to receptors and increased cell permeability. Stable agonists and antagonists of RXFP3 are crucial for understanding the physiological significance of this system. So far, agonists and antagonists of RXFP3 are peptides. In this study, for the first time, we have introduced stapling of the relaxin-3 B chain at 14th and 18th positions (14s18) and 18th and 22nd position (18s22). These stapled peptides showed greater helicity than the unstapled relaxin-3 B chain in circular dichroism analysis. Both stapled peptides bound RXFP3 and activated RXFP3 as observed in an inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP assay and a ERK1/2 activation assay, although with different potencies. Therefore, we conclude that stapling of the relaxin3 B chain does not compromise its ability to activate RXFP3 and is a promising method for developing stable peptide agonists and antagonists of RXFP3 to aid relaxin-3/RXFP3 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharindunee Jayakody
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subhi Marwari
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Francis Chee Kuan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charles William Johannes
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Brian William Dymock
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anders Poulsen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Experimental Therapeutics Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Deron Raymond Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Stewart Dawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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21
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Wada SI, Iwata M, Ozaki Y, Ozaki T, Hayashi J, Urata H. Design of cyclic RGD-conjugated Aib-containing amphipathic helical peptides for targeted delivery of small interfering RNA. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4478-4485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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22
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Kato T, Yamashita H, Misawa T, Nishida K, Kurihara M, Tanaka M, Demizu Y, Oba M. Plasmid DNA delivery by arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides containing unnatural amino acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:2681-7. [PMID: 27132868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been developed as drug, protein, and gene delivery tools. In the present study, arginine (Arg)-rich CPPs containing unnatural amino acids were designed to deliver plasmid DNA (pDNA). The transfection ability of one of the Arg-rich CPPs examined here was more effective than that of the Arg nonapeptide, which is the most frequently used CPP. The transfection efficiencies of Arg-rich CPPs increased with longer post-incubation times and were significantly higher at 48-h and 72-h post-incubation than that of the commercially available transfection reagent TurboFect. These Arg-rich CPPs were complexed with pDNA for a long time in cells and effectively escaped from the late endosomes/lysosomes into the cytoplasm. These results will be helpful for designing novel CPPs for pDNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamashita
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Misawa
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Koyo Nishida
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurihara
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
| | - Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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23
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Oba M, Nonaka H, Doi M, Tanaka M. Conformational studies on peptides having dipropylglycine (Dpg) or 1-aminocycloheptanecarboxylic acid (Ac7c) within the sequence ofl-leucine (Leu) residues. Biopolymers 2016; 106:210-218. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Hikaru Nonaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Doi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Osaka 569-1094 Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
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24
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Zaro JL, Shen WC. Cationic and amphipathic cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs): Their structures and in vivo studies in drug delivery. Front Chem Sci Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-015-1538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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Werner HM, Cabalteja CC, Horne WS. Peptide Backbone Composition and Protease Susceptibility: Impact of Modification Type, Position, and Tandem Substitution. Chembiochem 2015. [PMID: 26205791 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The clinical utility of peptides is limited by their rapid degradation by endogenous proteases. Modification of the peptide backbone can generate functional analogues with enhanced proteolytic stability. Existing principles for the design of such oligomers have focused primarily on effective structural mimicry. A more robust strategy would incorporate a rational approach for engineering maximal proteolytic stability with minimal unnatural residue content. We report here the systematic comparison of the proteolytic resistance imparted by four backbone modifications commonly employed in the design of protease-stable analogues of peptides with complex folding patterns. The degree of protection was quantified as a function of modification type, position, and tandem substitution in the context of a long, unstructured host sequence and a canonical serine protease. These results promise to inform ongoing work to develop biostable mimics of increasingly complex peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina M Werner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chino C Cabalteja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - W Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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26
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Wada SI, Urase T, Hasegawa Y, Ban K, Sudani A, Kawai Y, Hayashi J, Urata H. Aib-containing peptide analogs: cellular uptake and utilization in oligonucleotide delivery. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 22:6776-80. [PMID: 25468041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
α-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib)-containing peptide analogs derived from TV-XIIa, a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), were synthesized to explore structure-activity relationships. The replacement of Aib at position 1, 5, or 9 in the TV-XIIa amino acid sequence with alanine (Ala) suppressed the cellular uptake,whereas the simultaneous substitution of the two proline (Pro) residues at positions 6 and 10 with Aib(P-IV) considerably increased the cellular uptake. In order to explore the potential use of the Aib-containing peptide analogs for the cellular delivery of oligonucleotides (ODNs), we synthesized a covalent conjugate (P-IV-AON) of a 15-mer antisense ODN, which is complementary to luciferase gene, with P-IV, and the antisense effect of the P-IV-AON conjugate on luciferase expression in A549 cells was examined. Luciferase expression was decreased in the presence of the conjugate upon treatment with the reaction buffer at the concentrations of 5 and 10 μM.
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27
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Plasmid DNA delivery using fluorescein-labeled arginine-rich peptides. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4911-4918. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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28
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Yamashita H, Demizu Y, Misawa T, Shoda T, Kurihara M. Synthesis of a bis-cationic α,α-disubstituted amino acid (9-amino-bispidine-9-carboxylic acid) and its effects on the conformational properties of peptides. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Lampel A, Elis E, Guterman T, Shapira S, Marco P, Bacharach E, Gazit E. α-Aminoisobutyric acid incorporation induces cell permeability and antiviral activity of HIV-1 major homology region fragments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12349-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01421b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A cell-penetrating peptide derived from HIV-1 major homology region, incorporating the non-coded α-aminoisobutyric acid, inhibits viral assembly and infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayala Lampel
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Efrat Elis
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Tom Guterman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Sharon Shapira
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Pini Marco
- Department of Molecular Biology & Ecology of Plants
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Eran Bacharach
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
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30
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Kato T, Oba M, Nishida K, Tanaka M. Cell-Penetrating Helical Peptides Having l-Arginines and Five-Membered Ring α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1761-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bc5003949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kato
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Koyo Nishida
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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31
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Yamashita H, Demizu Y, Shoda T, Sato Y, Oba M, Tanaka M, Kurihara M. Amphipathic short helix-stabilized peptides with cell-membrane penetrating ability. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2403-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Wada SI, Hashimoto Y, Kawai Y, Miyata K, Tsuda H, Nakagawa O, Urata H. Effect of Ala replacement with Aib in amphipathic cell-penetrating peptide on oligonucleotide delivery into cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7669-73. [PMID: 24216093 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A number of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been characterized and their usefulness as delivery tools has been clarified. As one of the CPPs, model amphipathic peptide (MAP) was developed by integrating both hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids in its sequence. In our previous work, we designed MAP(Aib) by replacing five alanine (Ala) residues on the hydrophobic face of the helix in the MAP sequence with α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) residues, and the replacement resulted in higher helix propensity, stronger resistance to protease, and higher cell membrane permeability than MAP. As a next step, we examined the efficiency of oligonucleotide (ODN) delivery into cells by MAP(Aib) in comparison with that by MAP. The electrostatically formed MAP(Aib)/ODN complex was more easily taken up by cells than the MAP/ODN complex, and the ODN delivery by MAP(Aib) was via an endocytic pathway. We demonstrated that the incorporation of Aib residues into CPPs enhances the delivery of hydrophilic molecules, such as ODN, into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Wada
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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33
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Stalmans S, Wynendaele E, Bracke N, Gevaert B, D’Hondt M, Peremans K, Burvenich C, De Spiegeleer B. Chemical-functional diversity in cell-penetrating peptides. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71752. [PMID: 23951237 PMCID: PMC3739727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are a promising tool to overcome cell membrane barriers. They have already been successfully applied as carriers for several problematic cargoes, like e.g. plasmid DNA and (si)RNA, opening doors for new therapeutics. Although several hundreds of CPPs are already described in the literature, only a few commercial applications of CPPs are currently available. Cellular uptake studies of these peptides suffer from inconsistencies in used techniques and other experimental conditions, leading to uncertainties about their uptake mechanisms and structural properties. To clarify the structural characteristics influencing the cell-penetrating properties of peptides, the chemical-functional space of peptides, already investigated for cellular uptake, was explored. For 186 peptides, a new cell-penetrating (CP)-response was proposed, based upon the scattered quantitative results for cellular influx available in the literature. Principal component analysis (PCA) and a quantitative structure-property relationship study (QSPR), using chemo-molecular descriptors and our newly defined CP-response, learned that besides typical well-known properties of CPPs, i.e. positive charge and amphipathicity, the shape, structure complexity and the 3D-pattern of constituting atoms influence the cellular uptake capacity of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Stalmans
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Bracke
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Gevaert
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias D’Hondt
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathelijne Peremans
- Department of Medical Imaging and Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Christian Burvenich
- Department of Medical Imaging and Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bart De Spiegeleer
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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