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Xie Z, Jiang J, Li T, Xu X, Wu L, Zhang Y, Chen M, Sun Y. Maternal exposure to Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) inhibit orexin receptor 1 (OX1R) expression to prevent Sertoli cells proliferation through the AKT signaling pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae140. [PMID: 39238804 PMCID: PMC11371544 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated that Sertoli cells are the direct target of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP). However, the role of neurotransmitter receptors is not elucidated. METHODS Based on our previous studies, maternal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in Gestation Day (GD) 14-18 and TM4 cells exposure to 750 mg/kg/day and 100 μM DBP were regarded as treated groups. Firstly, qRT-PCR array was used to determine the different expression of neurotransmitter receptors. We examined the OX1R expression on Rats in Control and DBP groups by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of OX1R in vivo and in vitro. The potential downstream signaling pathways were explored by analyzing the GSE99690 cohort. In addition, we extracted Primary Sertoli Cells (PSCs) from the testis of control group. The apoptosis-related proteins, AKT signaling pathway-related proteins and mRNA expressions were detected by Western Blot and Real-time PCR in PSCs. The validity of PSCs was measured by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometric analysis was used to demonstrate the apoptotic rates of PSCs after DBP exposure. RESULTS The Orexin receptor 1 (OX1R) was screened out by qRT-PCR array. Our results showed that DBP could significantly suppress the OX1R expression of Sertoli cells in vivo and in vitro. Functional analysis showed the AKT signaling pathway was mediated by OX1R. The highly expressed apoptosis level and impaired cell activity were observed in PSCs, which can be reversed by Orexin A. Meanwhile, the p-AKT signaling pathway were hindered after DBP exposure while rescued in DBP + Orexin-A group. CONCLUSIONS DBP can induce Sertoli cell apoptosis through its toxicological effect by suppressing OX1R and p-AKT expression, which provide a novel insight on the role of neurotransmitter receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Juntao Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Tiewen Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO. 160 Pu Jian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NO. 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai 200080, China
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Zhiwen X, Yongqing Z, Wenlan S, Shan H, Bangmin H, Juntao J, Yingjian Z, Yifeng J. Dibutyl phthalate induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells via the Ang II/AMPKα2/Cx43 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2023:153584. [PMID: 37356649 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) induces renal fibrosis in offspring. However, the specific roles of connexin 43 (Cx43) in DBP-induced renal fibrosis remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, we analysed the expression of Cx43 in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) with or without DBP exposure using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. A small interfering RNA against Cx43 was introduced to assess its role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of RTECs caused by 100 μmol/L DBP. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α2 and angiotensin (Ang) II inhibitors to determine the mechanisms involved in the expression of Cx43 in HK-2 cells. RT-qPCR and western blotting revealed that DBP increased the expression of Cx43 in vitro. Moreover, Cx43 knockdown significantly alleviated DBP-induced EMT caused by DBP in HK-2 cells. Bioinformatics analysis with AMPKα2 and Ang II inhibitors revealed that DBP upregulated Cx43 expression by activating the Ang II/AMPKα2 signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that DBP induces renal fibrosis by activating Ang II/AMPKα2/Cx43 signaling pathway and EMT in RETCs, suggesting a potential target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Zhiwen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zhang Yongqing
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Sun Wenlan
- Department of Geriatric, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Hua Shan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Han Bangmin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jiang Juntao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zhu Yingjian
- Department of Urology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201803, China.
| | - Jing Yifeng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
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Lee J, Kim J, Zinia SS, Park J, Won S, Kim WJ. Prenatal phthalate exposure and cord blood DNA methylation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7046. [PMID: 37120575 PMCID: PMC10148847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to phthalates has been shown to impede the human endocrine system, resulting in deleterious effects on pregnant women and their children. Phthalates modify DNA methylation patterns in infant cord blood. We examined the association between prenatal phthalate exposure and DNA methylation patterns in cord blood in a Korean birth cohort. Phthalate levels were measured in 274 maternal urine samples obtained during late pregnancy and 102 neonatal urine samples obtained at birth, and DNA methylation levels were measured in cord blood samples. For each infant in the cohort, associations between CpG methylation and both maternal and neonate phthalate levels were analyzed using linear mixed models. The results were combined with those from a meta-analysis of the levels of phthalates in maternal and neonatal urine samples, which were also analyzed for MEOHP, MEHHP, MnBP, and DEHP. This meta-analysis revealed significant associations between the methylation levels of CpG sites near the CHN2 and CUL3 genes, which were also associated with MEOHP and MnBP in neonatal urine. When the data were stratified by the sex of the infant, MnBP concentration was found to be associated with one CpG site near the OR2A2 and MEGF11 genes in female infants. In contrast, the concentrations of the three maternal phthalates showed no significant association with CpG site methylation. Furthermore, the data identified distinct differentially methylated regions in maternal and neonatal urine samples following exposure to phthalates. The CpGs with methylation levels that were positively associated with phthalate levels (particularly MEOHP and MnBP) were found to be enriched genes and related pathways. These results indicate that prenatal phthalate exposure is significantly associated with DNA methylation at multiple CpG sites. These alterations in DNA methylation may serve as biomarkers of maternal exposure to phthalates in infants and are potential candidates for investigating the mechanisms by which phthalates impact maternal and neonatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooah Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Sabrina Shafi Zinia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- RexSoft Corp, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
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Zhang X, Flaws JA, Spinella MJ, Irudayaraj J. The Relationship between Typical Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Kidney Disease. TOXICS 2022; 11:32. [PMID: 36668758 PMCID: PMC9863798 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that alter the endocrine function of an organism, to result in adverse effects on growth and development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The kidney is one of the most important organs in the urinary system and an accumulation point. Studies have shown that EDCs can cause proteinuria, affect glomeruli and renal tubules, and even lead to diabetes and renal fibrosis in animal and human studies. In this review, we discuss renal accumulation of select EDCs such as dioxins, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates, and delineate how exposures to such EDCs cause renal lesions and diseases, including cancer. The regulation of typical EDCs with specific target genes and the activation of related pathways are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jodi A. Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Michael J. Spinella
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute of Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Li X, Yao Y, Wang J, Shen Z, Jiang Z, Xu S. Eucalyptol relieves imidacloprid-induced autophagy through the miR-451/Cab39/AMPK axis in Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney cells †. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 249:106204. [PMID: 35661494 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide that has toxic effects on nontarget organisms. 1,8-Cineole (eucalyptol) is purified from essential oils in several aromatic plants and can prevent xenobiotic toxicity. The kidney is a major organ for xenobiotic elimination and thus has high risk of exposure. The purpose of this research was to clarify the effect of IMI exposure on autophagy in fish kidney cells, determine the potential of eucalyptol to provide cytoprotection from the toxicity of the neonicotinoid pesticide IMI, and identify its mechanism of action. Therefore, the Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney cell line (CIK cell) was treated with 20 mg/L IMI and/or 20 μM eucalyptol for 48 h as the research objective. The results showed that IMI exposure induced autophagy accompanied by advanced autophagy markers BNIP3, Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ in CIK cells, reduced the levels of miR-451, increased the expression of Cab39 and AMPK, inhibited AKT/mTOR signaling, and activated the JNK pathway. Eucalyptol treatment alleviated IMI-induced autophagy and relieved the activation of autophagy-associated signals. These results indicate that eucalyptol could alleviate IMI-induced autophagy through the miR-451/Cab39/AMPK axis in fish kidney cells. These results partly explained the mechanism of biological threat on fish under IMI exposure and the potential application value of EUC in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yujie Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Shandong Binzhou Anim Sci & Vet Med Acad, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Shandong Binzhou Anim Sci & Vet Med Acad, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- Anyang Inst Technol, Henan Joint Int Res Lab Vet Biol Res & Applicat, Anyang, 455000, Henan, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Kang H, Lee JP, Choi K. Exposure to phthalates and environmental phenols in association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the general US population participating in multi-cycle NHANES (2005-2016). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148343. [PMID: 34126474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to consumer chemicals has been associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) among humans, but their associations with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are inconsistent. Such observations may be due to potential bias caused by the method of urine dilution adjustment and lack of consideration for multiple chemical exposure in the association models. This study aimed to identify major urinary chemicals associated with CKD by applying an alternative adjustment method of urine dilution ('novel' covariate-adjusted creatinine adjustment vs 'traditional' creatinine adjustment) and with a mixture exposure concept in the association model. For this purpose, the adult participants of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016 (n = 9008) were used, and the associations of urinary exposure biomarkers of major consumer chemicals, e.g., phthalates, bisphenol A, benzophenone-3, and parabens, with CKD related parameters of eGFR and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), were assessed. The use of the novel covariate-adjusted creatinine standardization resulted in significant inverse associations with eGFR for most measured chemicals, unlike the results with the use of the conventional creatinine adjustment. Phthalate metabolites, such as monobutyl phthalate (MBP) and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), were positively associated with ACR. Even in mixture exposure models using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, MBzP, metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and bisphenol A (BPA) were revealed as major drivers of the association with eGFR or ACR. Results of sensitivity analyses with the subpopulation with normal eGFR range (n = 7041) were generally similar. Our observation suggests that exposure to benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), DEHP, and BPA may be responsible for declined eGFR and increased ACR even at the exposure levels occurring among general adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habyeong Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environmental, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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