1
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Manna I, De Benedittis S, Porro D. A Comprehensive Examination of the Role of Epigenetic Factors in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8921. [PMID: 39201606 PMCID: PMC11355011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
According to various research, the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is strongly influenced by genetic variations. Population, familial, and molecular studies provide strong empirical support for a polygenic pattern of inheritance, mainly due to relatively common allelic variants in the general population. The strongest MS susceptibility locus, which was unmistakably identified in tested populations, is the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6p21.3. However, the effect of a given predisposing variant remains modest, so there is the possibility that multiple gene-gene and/or gene-environment interactions could significantly increase the contribution of specific variants to the overall genetic risk. Furthermore, as is known, susceptibility genes can be subject to epigenetic modifications, which greatly increase the complexity of MS heritability. Investigating epigenetic and environmental factors can provide new opportunities for the molecular basis of the MS, which shows complicated pathogenesis. Although studies of epigenetic changes in MS only began in the last decade, a growing body of literature suggests that these may be involved in the development of MS. Here, we summarize recent studies regarding epigenetic changes related to MS initiation and progression. Furthermore, we discuss how current studies address important clinical questions and how future studies could be used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Manna
- Institute of Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Selene De Benedittis
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR) Cosenza, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Institute of Bioimaging and Complex Biological Systems (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, 20054 Milan, Italy
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2
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Boen HM, Cherubin M, Franssen C, Gevaert AB, Witvrouwen I, Bosman M, Guns PJ, Heidbuchel H, Loeys B, Alaerts M, Van Craenenbroeck EM. Circulating MicroRNA as Biomarkers of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: JACC: CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review. JACC CardioOncol 2024; 6:183-199. [PMID: 38774014 PMCID: PMC11103047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Close monitoring for cardiotoxicity during anthracycline chemotherapy is crucial for early diagnosis and therapy guidance. Currently, monitoring relies on cardiac imaging and serial measurement of cardiac biomarkers like cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptides. However, these conventional biomarkers are nonspecific indicators of cardiac damage. Exploring new, more specific biomarkers with a clear link to the underlying pathomechanism of cardiotoxicity holds promise for increased specificity and sensitivity in detecting early anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. miRNAs (microRNAs), small single-stranded, noncoding RNA sequences involved in epigenetic regulation, influence various physiological and pathological processes by targeting expression and translation. Emerging as new biomarker candidates, circulating miRNAs exhibit resistance to degradation and offer a direct pathomechanistic link. This review comprehensively outlines their potential as early biomarkers for cardiotoxicity and their pathomechanistic link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne M. Boen
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Martina Cherubin
- Centrum of Medical Genetics, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Constantijn Franssen
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Andreas B. Gevaert
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabel Witvrouwen
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthias Bosman
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- Centrum of Medical Genetics, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maaike Alaerts
- Centrum of Medical Genetics, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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3
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Pereira IDS, Cruz ABD, Maia MM, Carneiro FM, Gava R, Spegiorin LCJF, Brandão CC, Truzzi IGDC, Junior GMDF, de Mattos LC, Pereira-Chioccola VL, Meira-Strejevitch CS. Identification and validation of reference genes of circulating microRNAs for use as control in gestational toxoplasmosis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2023; 256:111592. [PMID: 37666471 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2023.111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis causes serious harm to the fetus, as tachyzoite dissemination, during pregnancy in women developing the primo-infection. The microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which have regulatory roles in cells by silencing messenger RNA. Circulating miRNA are promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of numerous diseases. The miRNAs levels are estimated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), however, the relative quantification of each miRNA expression requires proper normalization methods using endogenous miRNAs as control. This study analyzed the expression of three endogenous miRNAs (miR-484, miR -423-3p and miR-26b-5p) for use as normalizers in future studies of target miRNAs for gestational toxoplasmosis (GT). A total of 32 plasma samples were used in all assays divided in 21 from women with GT and 11 from healthy women. The stability of each endogenous miRNA was evaluated by the algorithm methods RefFinder that included GeNorm, Normfinder, BestKeeper and comparative delta-CT programs. The miR-484 was the most stably gene, and equivalently expressed in GT and NC groups. These results contribute to future studies of target miRNAs in clinical samples of women with gestational toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid de Siqueira Pereira
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allecineia Bispo da Cruz
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Marques Maia
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francieli Marinho Carneiro
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Gava
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vera Lucia Pereira-Chioccola
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Silva Meira-Strejevitch
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil.
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4
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Felekkis K, Pieri M, Papaneophytou C. Exploring the Feasibility of Circulating miRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Osteoarthritis: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13144. [PMID: 37685951 PMCID: PMC10487837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and joint inflammation. As the most common aging-related joint disease, OA is marked by inadequate extracellular matrix synthesis and the breakdown of articular cartilage. However, traditional diagnostic methods for OA, relying on clinical assessments and radiographic imaging, often need to catch up in detecting early-stage disease or i accurately predicting its progression. Consequently, there is a growing interest in identifying reliable biomarkers that can facilitate early diagnosis and prognosis of OA. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential candidates due to their involvement in various cellular processes, including cartilage homeostasis and inflammation. This review explores the feasibility of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in OA, focusing on knee OA while shedding light on the challenges and opportunities associated with their implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christos Papaneophytou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 46 Makedonitissas Avenue, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus; (K.F.); (M.P.)
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5
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Schleif WS, Sarasua SM, DeLuca JM. Preanalytic and Analytic Quality System Considerations in Noncoding RNA Biomarker Development for Clinical Diagnostics. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:172-182. [PMID: 37257182 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2022.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A frequent topic of biomedical research is the potential clinical use of non-coding (nc) RNAs as quantitative biomarkers for a broad spectrum of health and disease. However, ncRNA analyses have not been pressed into widespread diagnostic use. Strong preclinical evidence suggests obstacles in the translation and reproducibility of this type of biomarker which may result from preanalytical and analytical variation in the non-standardized processes used to collect, process, and store samples, as well as the substantive differences between small and long ncRNA. We performed a narrative review of selected literature, through the lens of key laboratory-developed test (LDT) regulations under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) in the United States, to study critical gaps in ncRNA validation studies. This review describes the leading candidate ncRNA subclasses, their biogenesis and cellular function, and identifies specific pre-analytical variables with disproportionate impact on testing performance. We summarize these findings with strategic recommendations to clinicians and biomedical scientists involved in the design, conduct, and translation of ncRNA biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Schleif
- Healthcare Genetics Program, School of Nursing, College of Health, Education, and Human Development, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Program in Pediatric Biospecimen Science, Johns Hopkins All Children's Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Sara M Sarasua
- Healthcare Genetics Program, School of Nursing, College of Health, Education, and Human Development, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jane M DeLuca
- Healthcare Genetics Program, School of Nursing, College of Health, Education, and Human Development, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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6
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Identification of Appropriate Endogenous Controls for Circulating miRNA Quantification in Working Dogs under Physiological Stress Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040576. [PMID: 36830363 PMCID: PMC9951723 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free miRNAs, called circulating miRNAs (cmiRNAs), can act in a paracrine manner by facilitating a diversity of signaling mechanisms between cells. Real-time qPCR is the most accepted method for quantifying miRNA expression levels. The use of stable miRNA endogenous control (EC) for qPCR data normalization allows an accurate cross-sample gene expression comparison. The appropriate selection of EC is a crucial step because qPCR data can change drastically when normalization is performed using an unstable versus a stable EC. To find EC cmiRNA with stable expression in search and rescue (SAR) working dogs, we explored the serum miRNome by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) at T0 (resting state) and T1 immediately after SAR performance (state of physiologically recovered stress). The cmiRNAs selected in the NGS circulating miRNome as probable ECs were validated by qPCR, and miRNA stability was evaluated using the Delta Ct, BestKeeper, NormFinder, and GeNorm algorithms. Finally, RefFinder was used to rank the stability orders at both T0 and T1 by establishing miR-320 and miR-191 as the best-circulating ECs. We are confident that this study not only provides a helpful result in itself but also an experimental design for selecting the best endogenous controls to normalize gene expression for genes beyond circulating miRNAs.
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7
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Lombardi G, Delvin E. Micro-RNA: A Future Approach to Personalized Diagnosis of Bone Diseases. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 112:271-287. [PMID: 35182198 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent bone disease worldwide and the most studied bone-associated pathological condition. Although its diagnosis makes use of advanced and clinically relevant imaging and biochemical tools, the information suffers from several limitations and has little or no prognostic value. In this context, circulating micro-RNAs represent a potentially attractive alternative or a useful addition to the diagnostic arsenal and offer a greater prognostic potential than the conventional approaches. These short non-coding RNA molecules act as inhibitors of gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs with different degrees of complementarity, establishing a complex multilevel network, the basis for the fine modulation of gene expression that finally regulates every single activity of a cell. Micro-RNAs may passively and/or actively be released in the circulation by source cells, and being measurable in biological fluids, their concentrations may be associated to specific pathophysiological conditions. Mounting, despite debatable, evidence supports the use of micro-RNAs as markers of bone cell metabolic activity and bone diseases. Indeed, several micro-RNAs have been associated with bone mineral density, fractures and osteoporosis. However, concerns such as absence of comparability between studies and, the lack of standardization and harmonization of the methods, limit their application. In this review, we describe the pathophysiological bases of the association between micro-RNAs and the deregulation of bone cells activity and the processes that led to the identification of potential micro-RNA-based markers associated with metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy.
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Ste-Justine University Hospital Research Centre & Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
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Cappelli K, Mecocci S, Capomaccio S, Beccati F, Palumbo AR, Tognoloni A, Pepe M, Chiaradia E. Circulating Transcriptional Profile Modulation in Response to Metabolic Unbalance Due to Long-Term Exercise in Equine Athletes: A Pilot Study. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121965. [PMID: 34946914 PMCID: PMC8701225 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise has been associated with the modulation of micro RNAs (miRNAs), actively released in body fluids and recognized as accurate biomarkers. The aim of this study was to measure serum miRNA profiles in 18 horses taking part in endurance competitions, which represents a good model to test metabolic responses to moderate intensity prolonged efforts. Serum levels of miRNAs of eight horses that were eliminated due to metabolic unbalance (Non Performer-NP) were compared to those of 10 horses that finished an endurance competition in excellent metabolic condition (Performer-P). Circulating miRNA (ci-miRNA) profiles in serum were analyzed through sequencing, and differential gene expression analysis was assessed comparing NP versus P groups. Target and pathway analysis revealed the up regulation of a set of miRNAs (of mir-211 mir-451, mir-106b, mir-15b, mir-101-1, mir-18a, mir-20a) involved in the modulation of myogenesis, cardiac and skeletal muscle remodeling, angiogenesis, ventricular contractility, and in the regulation of gene expression. Our preliminary data open new scenarios in the definition of metabolic adaptations to the establishment of efficient training programs and the validation of athletes’ elimination from competitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Cappelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
- Sports Horse Research Center, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samanta Mecocci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Stefano Capomaccio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
- Sports Horse Research Center, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0755857765
| | - Francesca Beccati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
- Sports Horse Research Center, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rosario Palumbo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Alessia Tognoloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Marco Pepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
- Sports Horse Research Center, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Chiaradia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.M.); (F.B.); (A.R.P.); (A.T.); (M.P.); (E.C.)
- Sports Horse Research Center, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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9
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Faraldi M, Gerosa L, Gomarasca M, Sansoni V, Perego S, Ziemann E, Banfi G, Lombardi G. A Physically Active Status Affects the Circulating Profile of Cancer-Associated miRNAs. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050820. [PMID: 33946605 PMCID: PMC8147229 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating miRNAs are ideal diagnostics and prognostics biomarkers in cancer since altered levels of specific miRNAs have been associated to development/progression of several cancers. Physical activity is a recognized preventive strategy against several cancers, but it may also modify the baseline levels of cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, may act as a confounding pre-analytical variable. This study aimed at understanding whether physical activity-dependent changes in cancer-associated circulating miRNAs profile could act as a confounding variable. A panel comprising 179 miRNAs was assayed in plasma from 20 highly trained and 10 sedentary men. RT-qPCR data were analyzed with the 2−2ΔΔCT methods and normalized on hsa-miR-320d, as determined by bioinformatics analysis. miRNAs associated with the diagnosis of the most prevalent cancers were considered. Only those miRNAs, relevantly associated with cancers, found ≥2-fold up- or downregulated in highly trained subjects compared to sedentary were disclosed. The results reveal that chronic physical activity determined modifications altering the baseline level of several cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, their diagnostic and prognostic potential. In conclusion, based on our results, a physically active status emerges as an important pre-analytical variable able to alter the basal level of circulating miRNAs, and these alterations might be considered as potentially misleading the analytical output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Laura Gerosa
- Gruppo San Donato Foundation, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02166214068
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
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Type of training has a significant influence on the GH/IGF-1 axis but not on regulating miRNAs. Biol Sport 2020; 37:217-228. [PMID: 32879543 PMCID: PMC7433330 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.94248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis is responsible for glucose homeostasis. In the present study we assessed the expression levels of miRNA-124, miRNA-210 and miRNA-375 and immunoexpression of IGFBP-3 in relation to the concentrations of IGF-1 and glucose in athletes performing different types of effort. Sixty-six young male athletes (age 25.4±4.1 years) were divided into: group EN (33 male athletes; age 25.6±4.4 years) with endurance-type efforts (disciplines: triathlon, long distance running, cycling) and group ST (33 male athletes; age 25.2±3.9 years) with strength-type efforts (disciplines: weightlifting, body building, CrossFit). The control group consisted of 28 non-training men (age 29.1±4.7 years). Statistically significantly higher IGF-1 concentration and lower glucose concentration (P<0.05) in serum were observed in the group of athletes (vs. controls). Immunoexpression of IGFBP-3 was higher in athletes (vs. controls), and a higher value of immunoexpression was obtained in athlete group ST vs. group EN (P>0.05). Levels of expression of miRNA-210 and miRNA-375 were higher in athletes vs. controls (P>0.05). The obtained data confirmed the importance of the somatotropic axis in the regulation of metabolic adaptation to physical exercise. The detected variation in the concentrations and expression levels of the studied molecules involved in the somatotropic axis in athletes confirmed the role of the somatotropic axis in adaptation to physical effort. Statistically significant reduction of glucose concentration and the highest expression of IGF-1in serum in athletes suggest the anabolic effect of IGF-1 through insulin receptors on many tissues under the influence of moderate physical exercises (mainly during resistance training).
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11
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Verdelli C, Sansoni V, Perego S, Favero V, Vitale J, Terrasi A, Morotti A, Passeri E, Lombardi G, Corbetta S. Circulating fractures-related microRNAs distinguish primary hyperparathyroidism-related from estrogen withdrawal-related osteoporosis in postmenopausal osteoporotic women: A pilot study. Bone 2020; 137:115350. [PMID: 32380256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) represents a common cause of secondary osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, where the negative effect of estrogen withdrawal and that of hyperparathyroidism on bone mineralization coexist. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile has been correlated to both osteoporosis and fragility fractures. The study aimed to profile a set of miRNAs associated with osteoporotic fractures, namely miR-21-5p, miR-23a-5p, miR-24-2-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-125b-5p and miR-148-3p, in the plasma of 20 postmenopausal PHPT women. PHPT miRNAs profiles were compared with those detected in 10 age-matched postmenopausal non-PHPT osteoporotic women (OP). All the 10 miRNAs were detected in the plasma samples of both PHPT and OP women. The miRNA profiles clearly distinguished PHPT from OP samples, and identified within the PHPT group, two clusters differing for the PHPT severity, in term of ionized calcium and bone mineralization. In particular, miR-93-5p was significantly downregulated in PHPT samples, while miR-24-3p negatively correlated with the T-score at lumbar, femur neck and total hip sites. PHPT women who experienced osteoporotic fractures had plasma miR-24-3p levels higher than those detected in unfractured PHPT women. In conclusion, PHPT may modulate circulating fractures-related miRNAs, in particular, miR-93-5p, which may distinguish estrogen-related from PHPT-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verdelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - V Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - S Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - V Favero
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences for Health, University of Milan, via F.Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - J Vitale
- Laboratory of Movement and Sport Science, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - A Terrasi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F.Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - A Morotti
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F.Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - E Passeri
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - G Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy; Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
| | - S Corbetta
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R.Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, via C.Pascal 36, 20100 Milan, Italy.
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12
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Mahanty A, Xi L. Utility of cardiac biomarkers in sports medicine: Focusing on troponin, natriuretic peptides, and hypoxanthine. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 2:65-71. [PMID: 35784176 PMCID: PMC9219314 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based consensus suggests that physical activity and regular exercise training can reduce modifiable risk factors as well as rate of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, obesity and cancer. Conversely, long-term exercise training and drastic increase in vigorous physical activity may also cause acute cardiovascular events (e.g. acute myocardial infarction) and deleterious cardiac remodeling, particularly when exercise is performed by unfit or susceptible individuals. There is a reversed J-shaped hormesis-like curve between the duration and intensity of exercise and level of CVD risks. Therefore, it is important for an early detection of cardiac injuries in professional and amateur athletes. Under this context, this article focuses on the use of biomarker testing, an indispensable component in the current clinical practices especially in Cardiology and Oncology. We attempt to justify the importance of using circulating biomarkers in routine practices of Sports Medicine for an objective assessment of CVD events following exercise. Special attentions are dedicated to three established or emerging cardiac biomarkers (i.e. cardiac troponins, natriuretic peptides, hypoxanthine) for myocardial tissue hypoxia/ischemia events, muscle stress, and the consequent cellular necrotic injury. Based on these focused analyses, we propose use of circulating biomarker testing in both laboratory and point-of-care settings with an increasingly broader involvement or participation of team physicians, trainers, coaches, primary care doctors, as well as educated athlete community. This diagnostic approach may improve the quality of medical surveillance and preventive measures on exercise-related CVD risks/outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mahanty
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lei Xi
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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13
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Bottani M, Banfi G, Lombardi G. The Clinical Potential of Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers: Present and Future Applications for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Age-Associated Bone Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E589. [PMID: 32290369 PMCID: PMC7226497 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, related fracture/fragility, and osteoarthritis are age-related pathologies that, over recent years, have seen increasing incidence and prevalence due to population ageing. The diagnostic approaches to these pathologies suffer from limited sensitivity and specificity, also in monitoring the disease progression or treatment. For this reason, new biomarkers are desirable for improving the management of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis patients. The non-coding RNAs, called miRNAs, are key post-transcriptional factors in bone homeostasis, and promising circulating biomarkers for pathological conditions in which to perform a biopsy can be problematic. In fact, miRNAs can easily be detected in biological fluids (i.e., blood, serum, plasma) using methods with elevated sensitivity and specificity (RT-qPCR, microarray, and NGS). However, the analytical phases required for miRNAs' evaluation still present some practical issues that limit their use in clinical practice. This review reveals miRNAs' potential as circulating biomarkers for evaluating predisposition, diagnosis, and prognosis of osteoporosis (postmenopausal or idiopathic), bone fracture/fragility, and osteoarthritis, with a focus on pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical protocols used for their validation and thus on their clinical applicability. These evidences may support the definition of early diagnostic tools based on circulating miRNAs for bone diseases and osteoarthritis as well as for monitoring the effects of specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bottani
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.)
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
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14
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Abramovic I, Ulamec M, Katusic Bojanac A, Bulic-Jakus F, Jezek D, Sincic N. miRNA in prostate cancer: challenges toward translation. Epigenomics 2020; 12:543-558. [PMID: 32267174 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm among men. miRNAs, as biomarkers, could further improve reliability in distinguishing malignant versus nonmalignant, and aggressive versus nonaggressive PCa. However, conflicting data was reported for certain miRNAs, and there was a lack of consistency and reproducibility, which has been attributed to diverse (pre)analytical factors. In order to address current challenges in miRNA clinical research on PCa, a PubMed-based literature search was conducted with the last update in May 2019. After identifying critical variations in designs and protocols that undermined clear-cut evidence acquisition, and reliable translation into clinical practice, we propose guidelines for most critical steps that should be considered in future research of miRNA as biomarkers, especially in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Abramovic
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Monika Ulamec
- Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Ljudevit Jurak Clinical Department of Pathology & Cytology, University Clinical Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Department of Pathology, University of Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine & School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ana Katusic Bojanac
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Floriana Bulic-Jakus
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Davor Jezek
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Department of Histology & Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Nino Sincic
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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15
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Silva FCD, Iop RDR, Andrade A, Costa VP, Gutierres Filho PJB, Silva RD. Effects of Physical Exercise on the Expression of MicroRNAs: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:270-280. [PMID: 31877120 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Silva, FCd, Iop, RdR, Andrade, A, Costa, VP, Gutierres Filho, PJB, and Silva, Rd. Effects of physical exercise on the expression of microRNAs: A systematic review 34(1): 270-280, 2020-Studies have detected changes in the expression of miRNAs after physical exercise, which brings new insight into the molecular control of adaptation to exercise. Therefore, the objective of the current systematic review of experimental and quasiexperimental studies published in the past 10 years was to assess evidence related to acute effects, chronic effects, and both acute and chronic effects of physical exercise on miRNA expression in humans, as well as its functions, evaluated in serum, plasma, whole blood, saliva, or muscle biopsy. For this purpose, the following electronic databases were selected: MEDLINE by Pubmed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and also a manual search in references of the selected articles to April 2017. Experimental and quasiexperimental studies were included. Results indicate that, of the 345 studies retrieved, 40 studies met the inclusion criteria and two articles were included as a result of the manual search. The 42 studies were analyzed, and it can be observed acute and chronic effects of physical exercises (aerobic and resistance) on the expression of several miRNAs in healthy subjects, athletes, young, elderly and in patients with congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus type 2 associated with morbid obesity, prediabetic, and patients with intermittent claudication. It is safe to assume that miRNA changes, both in muscle tissues and bodily fluids, are presumably associated with the benefits induced by acute and chronic physical exercise. Thus, a better understanding of changes in miRNAs as a response to physical exercise might contribute to the development of miRNAs as therapeutic targets for the improvement of exercise capacity in individuals with any given disease. However, additional studies are necessary to draw accurate conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Cascaes da Silva
- Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Center for Health Sciences and Sports, University of State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Rosa Iop
- Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Center for Health Sciences and Sports, University of State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Andrade
- Laboratory of Psychology of Sport and Exercise, Center for Health Sciences and Sports, University of State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Vitor Pereira Costa
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Center for Health Sciences and Sports, University of State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil; and
| | | | - Rudney da Silva
- Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Center for Health Sciences and Sports, University of State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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16
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Faraldi M, Sansoni V, Perego S, Gomarasca M, Kortas J, Ziemann E, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Study of the preanalytical variables affecting the measurement of clinically relevant free-circulating microRNAs: focus on sample matrix, platelet depletion, and storage conditions. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019; 30:010703. [PMID: 31839723 PMCID: PMC6904965 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2020.010703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as potential biomarkers. However, the lack of preanalytical and analytical standardization limits their use. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of different miRNAs in plasma according to different collection and storage conditions. Materials and methods Venous blood from 10 volunteers was collected in tubes spray-coated with dipotassium salt of ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid, either with (plasma-preparation tube, PPT) or without (K2EDTA) gel separator. Platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was also obtained from K2EDTA plasma. After storage under different conditions, miRNA-enriched total RNA was isolated from plasma and reverse transcribed. A panel of 179 miRNAs was assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the results were analysed by GenEx software. Detectability and stability of miRNAs were determined. Results The number of undetected miRNAs was: 18, 24, and 22 in PPT; 83, 43, and 20 in K2EDTA; and 76, 106, and 104 in PPP samples, for plasma immediately frozen at - 80°C and plasma stored for 24h at room temperature or 4°C, respectively. Circulating miRNA expression in PPT samples was not affected by storage delay or temperature, while the percentage of up- and down-regulated miRNA in K2EDTA and PPP samples ranged from 2%, and 1% to 7%, and 5%, respectively. Conclusions Sample matrix, temperature and delay in storage strongly influence the expression level of plasma miRNAs. Our results indicate PPT tubes as the most suitable matrix to improve total miRNA detectability and stability, independently of temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italia
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italia
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italia
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italia
| | - Jakub Kortas
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdańsk University of Physical Education & Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italia.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italia
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italia.,Department of Physical Culture, Gdańsk University of Physical Education & Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
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17
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Bottani M, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Perspectives on miRNAs as Epigenetic Markers in Osteoporosis and Bone Fracture Risk: A Step Forward in Personalized Diagnosis. Front Genet 2019; 10:1044. [PMID: 31737038 PMCID: PMC6831724 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increased incidence of age-related bone diseases. Current diagnostics (e.g., conventional radiology, biochemical markers), because limited in specificity and sensitivity, can distinguish between healthy or osteoporotic subjects but they are unable to discriminate among different underlying causes that lead to the same bone pathological condition (e.g., bone fracture risk). Among recent, more sensitive biomarkers, miRNAs — the non-coding RNAs involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, have emerged as fundamental post-transcriptional modulators of bone development and homeostasis. Each identified miRNA carries out a specific role in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and functional pathways (osteomiRs). miRNAs bound to proteins or encapsulated in exosomes and/or microvesicles are released into the bloodstream and biological fluids where they can be detected and measured by highly sensitive and specific methods (e.g., quantitative PCR, next-generation sequencing). As such, miRNAs provide a prompt and easily accessible tool to determine the subject-specific epigenetic environment of a specific condition. Their use as biomarkers opens new frontiers in personalized medicine. While miRNAs circulating levels are lower than those found in the tissue/cell source, their quantification in biological fluids may be strategic in the diagnosis of diseases that affect tissues, such as bone, in which biopsy may be especially challenging. For a biomarker to be valuable in clinical practice and support medical decisions, it must be (easily) measurable, validated by independent studies, and strongly and significantly associated with a disease outcome. Currently, miRNAs analysis does not completely satisfy these criteria, however. Starting from in vitro and in vivo observations describing their biological role in bone cell development and metabolism, this review describes the potential use of bone-associated circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for determining predisposition, onset, and development of osteoporosis and bone fracture risk. Moreover, the review focuses on their clinical relevance and discusses the pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical issues in their measurement, which still limits their routine application. Taken together, research and clinical findings may be helpful for creating miRNA-based diagnostic tools in the diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bottani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Moelcular Biology, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Moelcular Biology, Milano, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Moelcular Biology, Milano, Italy.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Gdańsk University of Physical Education & Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
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18
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Bottani M, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Circulating miRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Common Solid Tumors: Focus on Lung, Breast, Prostate Cancers, and Osteosarcoma. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1661. [PMID: 31614612 PMCID: PMC6833074 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An early cancer diagnosis is essential to treat and manage patients, but it is difficult to achieve this goal due to the still too low specificity and sensitivity of classical methods (imaging, actual biomarkers), together with the high invasiveness of tissue biopsies. The discovery of novel, reliable, and easily collectable cancer markers is a topic of interest, with human biofluids, especially blood, as important sources of minimal invasive biomarkers such as circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), the most promising. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs and known epigenetic modulators of gene expression, with specific roles in cancer development/progression, which are next to be implemented in the clinical routine as biomarkers for early diagnosis and the efficient monitoring of tumor progression and treatment response. Unfortunately, several issues regarding their validation process are still to be resolved. In this review, updated findings specifically focused on the clinical relevance of circulating miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for the most prevalent cancer types (breast, lung, and prostate cancers in adults, and osteosarcoma in children) are described. In addition, deep analysis of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical issues still affecting the circulation of miRNAs' validation process and routine implementation is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bottani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy.
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, ul. Kazimierza Górskiego 1, 80-336 Pomorskie, Poland.
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19
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Chen Y, Guo Y, Li Y, Yang J, Liu J, Wu Q, Wang R. miR‑300 regulates tumor proliferation and metastasis by targeting lymphoid enhancer‑binding factor 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1282-1294. [PMID: 30968150 PMCID: PMC6411350 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) have a critical role in cell proliferation and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effect of miR-300 on the development and progression of HCC remains unclear. In the present study, it was observed that miRNA (miR)-300 expression was significantly decreased in HCC cell lines compared with normal liver cells. Furthermore, we detected the effects of miR-300 on cell proliferation and apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion by using MTT, colony formation assay, wound healing, Transwell assay and flow cytometry methods, respectively. The results demonstrated that miR-300 overexpression inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and G1/S cell cycle arrest, and suppressed migration and invasion in Huh-7 cells, whereas miR-300 silencing promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of Hep3B cells. Mechanistically, the transcription factor lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF-1), which was verified as a direct target gene of miR-300, promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion and mediates the effects of miR-300 on HCC cells. In addition, low expression of miR-300 and high expression of LEF-1 in HCC tissues were found to be associated with poor prognosis of patients with HCC. These findings indicate that miR-300 may be a potential prognostic predictor and therapeutic target for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufo Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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20
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Faraldi M, Gomarasca M, Sansoni V, Perego S, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Normalization strategies differently affect circulating miRNA profile associated with the training status. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1584. [PMID: 30733582 PMCID: PMC6367481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are fine regulators of the whole-body adaptive response but their use as biomarkers is limited by the lack of standardized pre- and post-analytical procedures. This work aimed to compare different normalization approaches for RT-qPCR data analyses, in order to identify the most reliable and reproducible method to analyze circulating miRNA expression profiles in sedentary and highly-trained subjects. As the physically active status is known to affect miRNA expression, they could be effective biomarkers of the homeostatic response. Following RNA extraction from plasma, a panel of 179 miRNAs was assayed by RT-qPCR and quantified by applying different normalization strategies based on endogenous miRNAs and exogenous oligonucleotides. hsa-miR-320d was found as the most appropriate reference miRNA in reducing the technical variability among the experimental replicates and, hence, in highlighting the inter-cohorts differences. Our data showed an association between the physically active status and specific skeletal muscle- and bone-associated circulating miRNAs profiles, revealing that established epigenetic modifications affect the baseline physiological status of these tissues. Since different normalization strategies led to different outputs, in order to avoid misleading interpretation of data, we remark the importance of the accurate choice of the most reliable normalization method in every experimental setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy.
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy.,Gdańsk University of Physical Education & Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
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21
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Witvrouwen I, Gevaert AB, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Van Craenenbroeck AH. MicroRNA Isolation from Plasma for Real-Time qPCR Array. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 99:e69. [DOI: 10.1002/cphg.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Witvrouwen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA); Edegem Belgium
| | - Andreas B. Gevaert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA); Edegem Belgium
| | - Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA); Edegem Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H. Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
- Department of Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA); Edegem Belgium
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22
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Faraldi M, Gomarasca M, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Free Circulating miRNAs Measurement in Clinical Settings: The Still Unsolved Issue of the Normalization. Adv Clin Chem 2018; 87:113-139. [PMID: 30342709 PMCID: PMC7112021 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating molecules that are released into the circulation in response to specific stimuli are considered potential biomarkers for physiological or pathological processes. Their effective usefulness as biomarkers resides in their stability and high availability in all the biological fluids, combined with the limited invasiveness of intervention. Among the circulating molecules, miRNAs represent a novel class of biomarkers as they possess all the required characteristics such as sensitivity, predictivity, specificity, robustness, translatability, and noninvasiveness. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, that act as inhibitors of protein translation, and intervene in the complex network of the post-transcriptional mechanisms finely regulating gene expression. The emerging role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for clinical applications (e.g., cancer and cardiovascular diseases diagnosis and prediction, musculoskeletal disease diagnosis and bone fracture risk prediction), however, requires the standardization of miRNA processing, from sample collection and sample storage, to RNA isolation, RNA reverse-transcription, and data analyses. Normalization is one of the most controversial issues related to quantitative Real-Time PCR data analysis since no universally accepted normalization strategies and reference genes exist, even more importantly, for circulating miRNA quantification. As it is widely demonstrated that the choice of different normalization strategies influences the results of gene expression analysis, it is important to select the most appropriate normalizers for each experimental set. This review discloses on the different strategies adopted in RT-qPCR miRNA normalization and the concerning issues to highlight on the need of a universally accepted methodology to make comparable the results produced by different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Cappelli K, Capomaccio S, Viglino A, Silvestrelli M, Beccati F, Moscati L, Chiaradia E. Circulating miRNAs as Putative Biomarkers of Exercise Adaptation in Endurance Horses. Front Physiol 2018; 9:429. [PMID: 29740341 PMCID: PMC5928201 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endurance exercise induces metabolic adaptations and has recently been reported associated with the modulation of a particular class of small noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Released into body fluids, they termed circulating miRNAs, and they have been recognized as more effective and accurate biomarkers than classical serum markers. This study examined serum profile of miRNAs through massive parallel sequencing in response to prolonged endurance exercise in samples obtained from four competitive Arabian horses before and 2 h after the end of competition. MicroRNA identification, differential gene expression (DGE) analysis and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network showing significantly enriched pathways of target gene clusters, were assessed and explored. Our results show modulation of more than 100 miRNAs probably arising from tissues involved in exercise responses and indicating the modulation of correlated processes as muscle remodeling, immune and inflammatory responses. Circulating miRNA high-throughput sequencing is a promising approach for sports medicine for the discovery of putative biomarkers for predicting risks related to prolonged activity and monitoring metabolic adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Cappelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Capomaccio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Viglino
- Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Istituto di Zootecnica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Maurizio Silvestrelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Beccati
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Livia Moscati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Chiaradia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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24
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Sansoni V, Perego S, Vernillo G, Barbuti A, Merati G, La Torre A, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Effects of repeated sprints training on fracture risk-associated miRNA. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18029-18040. [PMID: 29719588 PMCID: PMC5915055 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated-sprint training (RS, short-duration sprints at supramaximal intensities interspersed with brief recoveries) is a time-saving metabolically effective strategy whose effects on bone are unknown. Bone metabolism is a finely regulated process profoundly affected by exercise as assayable by studying specific systemic (e.g., hormones, cytokines) and bone-derived molecules (e.g., bone markers, miRNAs). Aim of this study was to determine the effect of a 8-week repeated-sprint on circulating levels of fracture risk-associated miRNA. Blood was collected from 9 subjects performing RS 3 times/week (EXP) and 9 age-matched inactive controls (CTRL) before the start of the protocol (T0) and after 4 (T1) and 8 weeks (T2). The relative expression of miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR93-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-637 was assayed by real-time PCR by the 2−ΔΔCT method (housekeeping: miR-425-5p, miR-484). Serum concentrations of bone markers (DKK1, sclerostin, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin), cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα), and metabolic hormones (leptin, insulin, PTH) were assayed by multiplex assay. miR-637 and miR-124-3p were undetectable. In CTRL miRNA levels remained unchanged. In EXP miR-21-5p remained unchanged. Compared to T0 miR-23a-3p and miR-24-3p were significantly decreased at T1 and T2, also compared to CTRL, miR-100 was significantly decreased at T2, miR-122-5p, miR-125-5p, and miR148a-3p were significantly decreased at T1, while miR-93-5p was significantly increased at T1. None of the metabolic hormones was affected by the intervention while, among the bone markers, DKK1, osteocalcin and sclerostin were slightly but significantly decreased. In conclusion, an 8-week repeated-sprint training downregulates the expression of circulating miRNA associated with fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vernillo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Andrea Barbuti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Centro Interuniversitario di Medicina Molecolare e Biofisica Applicata, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giampiero Merati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio La Torre
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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25
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Hu Y, Guo X, Wang J, Liu Y, Gao H, Fan H, Nong X, Yang X, Liu M, Li S, Tang H. A novel microRNA identified in hepatocellular carcinomas is responsive to LEF1 and facilitates proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via targeting of NFIX. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:22. [PMID: 29472529 PMCID: PMC5833431 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-017-0010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers. It has been demonstrated that various cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in HCC development. Here, we analyzed the miRNA profile in HCC tissues by Solexa sequencing, and we identified a novel microRNA, miR-HCC1, which is upregulated in HCC tissues. Further experiments showed that miR-HCC1 promoted HCC cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro, and migration and invasion resulting from the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Nuclear factor I/X (NFIX), which inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in HCC cells, was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-HCC1. Furthermore, lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1), a transcription factor, was shown to bind the promoter of miR-HCC1 and activate its expression. Collectively, these results indicate that LEF1-upregulated miR-HCC1 functions as an oncogene through the negative regulation of NFIX expression, which links the LEF1/miR-HCC1/NFIX axis to contribute to cell proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells and could provide novel insights into miRNA function and hepatocarcinogenesis and potential biomarkers for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Hu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinxia Wang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Yankun Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.,The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, 063001, Tangshan, China
| | - Huijie Gao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Fan
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | - Shengping Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
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26
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Exercise-induced circulating microRNA changes in athletes in various training scenarios. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191060. [PMID: 29338015 PMCID: PMC5770042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to compare selected extracellular miRNA levels (miR-16, miR-21, miR-93 and miR-222 with the response to 8-week-long explosive strength training (EXPL), hypertrophic strength training (HYP) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Methods 30 young male athletes of white European origin (mean age: 22.5 ± 4.06 years) recruited at the Faculty of Sports Studies of Masaryk University were enrolled in this study. The study participants were randomly assigned to three possible training scenarios: EXPL, HYP or HITT and participated in 8-week-long program in given arm. Blood plasma samples were collected at the baseline and at week 5 and 8 and anthropometric and physical activity parameters were measured. Pre- and post-intervention characteristics were compared and participants were further evaluated as responders (RES) or non-responders (NRES). RES/NRES status was established for the following characteristics: 300°/s right leg extension (t300), 60°/s right leg extension (t60), isometric extension (IE), vertical jump, isometric extension of the right leg and body fat percentage (BFP). Results No differences in miRNA levels were apparent between the intervention groups at baseline. No statistically significant prediction role was observed using crude univariate stepwise regression model analysis where RES/NRES status for t300, t60, IE, vertical jump and pFM was used as a dependent variable and miR-21, miR-222, miR-16 and miR-93 levels at baseline were used as independent variables. The baseline levels of miR-93 expressed an independent prediction role for responder status based on isometric extension of the right leg (beta estimate 0.76, 95% CI: -0.01; 1.53, p = 0.052). Discussion The results of the study indicate that 8-week-long explosive strength training, hypertrophic strength training and high-intensity interval training regimens are associated with significant changes in miR-16, mir-21, miR-222 and miR-93 levels compared to a baseline in athletic young men.
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27
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Danese E, Benati M, Sanchis-Gomar F, Tarperi C, Salvagno GL, Paviati E, Montagnana M, Schena F, Lippi G. Influence of middle-distance running on muscular micro RNAs. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2018; 78:165-170. [DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2018.1426104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Danese
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Benati
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cantor Tarperi
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Salvagno
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Paviati
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Martina Montagnana
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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28
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Frias MA, Virzi J, Golaz O, Gencer B, Mach F, Vuilleumier N. Impact of long distance rowing on biological health: A pilot study. Clin Biochem 2017; 52:142-147. [PMID: 29198760 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the impact of long distance rowing (160km, nonstop) on standard biological parameters and to study the relation between inflammation, myocardial necrosis, lipid profile, heart rate and energy expenditure. METHODS Electrolytes, lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), procalcitonin (PCT), high-sensitive troponin T (hs-cTnT), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), were measured on non-fasting venous blood samples collected 8h before and after the rowing race on five healthy competitors. Heart rate and energy expenditure were measured using sporting self-measurement devices. RESULTS After 16.5h of race, significant increases in median CRP (+25.2mg/l; p=0.04), IL-6 (+1.85pg/ml; p=0.04), TNF-α (+1.2pg/ml; p=0.04) and NT-proBNP levels (+88.8pg/ml; p=0.04) were observed, and a close to significant elevation for hs-cTnT(+6ng/l; p=0.06) and PCT (+0.14μg/l; p=0.07). On the other hand, significant decrease in median total cholesterol (-0.5mmol/l; p=0.04), triglycerides (-0.7mmol/l; p=0.04) were observed. Furthermore, significant correlations between the maximal heart rate reached during the race and CRP (r=0.90; p=0.03), IL-6 (r=0.90; p=0.03), and NT-proBNP (r=0.90; p=0.03) were observed, whereas no such associations were retrieved with median heart rate, the percentage of time passed over 70% of maximal heart rate or energy expenditure during the race. There was no association between PCT, NT-proBNP, hs-cTnT, inflammatory biomarkers, lipid profile or heart rate parameters. CONCLUSIONS Long distance rowing induces inflammation and myocardial strain related to the maximal effort generated during the race, but has a favourable effect on lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Frias
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Julien Virzi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Golaz
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Baris Gencer
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, 64 Avenue de la Roseraie, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, 64 Avenue de la Roseraie, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
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Al Sulaiman D, Metcalf GAD, Ladame S. Engineering innovative solutions to screen for prostate cancer. CONVERGENT SCIENCE PHYSICAL ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1739/aa5ebe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Lippi G, Bowen R, Adcock DM. Re-engineering laboratory diagnostics for preventing preanalytical errors. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:1313-1314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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