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Li J, Tang YE, Lv B, Wang J, Wang Z, Song Q. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the molecular responses of Pardosa pseudoannulata to hypoxic environments. BMC ZOOL 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38965564 PMCID: PMC11225295 DOI: 10.1186/s40850-024-00206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial organisms are likely to face hypoxic stress during natural disasters such as floods or landslides, which can lead to inevitable hypoxic conditions for those commonly residing within soil. Pardosa pseudoannulata often inhabits soil crevices and has been extensively studied, yet research on its response to hypoxic stress remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the adaptive strategies of Pardosa pseudoannulata under hypoxic stress using metabolomics and transcriptomics approaches. The results indicated that under hypoxic stress, metabolites related to energy and antioxidants such as ATP, D-glucose 6-phosphate, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and reduced L-glutathione were significantly differentially expressed. Pathways such as the citric acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly enriched. Transcriptome analysis and related assessments also revealed a significant enrichment of pathways associated with energy metabolism, suggesting that Pardosa pseudoannulata primarily copes with hypoxic environments by modulating energy metabolism and antioxidant-related substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China
| | - Yun-E Tang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China
| | - Bo Lv
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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2
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Magura T, Mizser S, Horváth R, Tóth M, Likó I, Lövei GL. Urbanization reduces gut bacterial microbiome diversity in a specialist ground beetle, Carabus convexus. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17265. [PMID: 38214370 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Urbanization is rapidly shaping and transforming natural environments, creating networks of modified land types. These urbanization-driven modifications lead to local extinctions of several species, but the surviving ones also face numerous novel selection pressures, including exposure to pollutants, habitat alteration, and shifts in food availability and diversity. Based on the assumption that the environmental pool of microorganisms is reduced in urban habitats due to habitat alteration, biodiversity loss, and pollution, we hypothesized that the diversity of bacterial microbiome in digestive tracts of arthropods would be lower in urban than rural habitats. Investigating the gut bacterial communities of a specialist ground beetle, Carabus convexus, in forested rural versus urban habitats by next generation high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, we identified 3839 bacterial amplicon sequence variants. The composition of gut bacterial samples did not significantly differ by habitat (rural vs. urban), sex (female vs. male), sampling date (early vs. late spring), or their interaction. The microbiome diversity (evaluated by the Rényi diversity function), however, was higher in rural than urban adults. Our findings demonstrate that urbanization significantly reduced the diversity of the gut bacterial microbiome in C. convexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Magura
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Mizser
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Roland Horváth
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mária Tóth
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Likó
- UD-GenoMed Medical Genomic Technologies Ltd, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor L Lövei
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg Research Centre, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
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3
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Yang H, Yang J, Wang Z, Zhibin W, Tian J, Chen J, Liu S, Li J, Liang Q, Lan J. Transcriptome Changes Reveal the Toxic Mechanism of Cadmium and Lead Combined Exposure on Silk Production and Web-Weaving Behavior of Spider A. ventricosus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14917-14928. [PMID: 37751292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The combined exposure of multiple metals imposes a substantial burden on the ecophysiological functions in organisms; however, the precise mechanism(s) remains largely unknown. Here, adult female A. ventricosus were exposed to single and combined exposure to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) through the food chain. The aim was to explore the combined toxicity of these metals on silk production and web-weaving behavior at physiological, cellular morphological, and transcriptomic levels. The Cd and Pb combined exposure significantly inhibited the ability of silk production and web-weaving, including reduced silk fiber weight and diameter of single strands, lowered weaving position, induced nocturnal weaving, and increased instances of no-web, and showed a dose-response relationship on the Cd and Pb bioaccumulation. Concurrently, severe oxidative stress and degenerative changes in cells were observed. In addition, the combined pollution of Cd and Pb demonstrated synergistic effects, influenced by variations in concentration, on the enrichment of metals, inhibition of silk weight, oxidative damage, and cellular degeneration. At the transcriptome level, the upregulated ampullate spidroin genes and downregulated amino acid anabolic genes, upregulated Far genes and downregulated cytoskeleton-related TUBA genes, and overexpressed AChE and Glu genes may tend to present promising potential as biomarkers for silk protein synthesis, cellular degeneration, and neurotransmitter induction. This study offers an enormous capability for a comprehensive understanding of the eco-toxicological effects and mechanisms of multiheavy metals pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Yang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006 Hunan, China
| | - Wu Zhibin
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jianxiang Tian
- College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jinkun Chen
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Shize Liu
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Qi Liang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Lan
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
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4
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Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Yun Y. Diversity of Bacteria Associated with Guts and Gonads in Three Spider Species and Potential Transmission Pathways of Microbes within the Same Spider Host. INSECTS 2023; 14:792. [PMID: 37887804 PMCID: PMC10607309 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microbial symbiosis plays a crucial role in the ecological and evolutionary processes of animals. It is well known that spiders, with their unique and diverse predatory adaptations, assume an indispensable role in maintaining ecological balance and the food chain. However, our current understanding of spider microbiomes remains relatively limited. The gut microbiota and gonad microbiota of spiders can both potentially influence their physiology, ecology, and behavior, including aspects such as digestion, immunity, reproductive health, and reproductive behavior. In the current study, based on high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3 and V4 regions, we detected the gut and gonad microbiota communities of three spider species captured from the same habitat, namely, Eriovixia cavaleriei, Larinioides cornutus, and Pardosa pseudoannulata. In these three species, we observed that, at the phylum level classification, the gut and gonad of E. cavaleriei are primarily composed of Proteobacteria, while those of L. cornutus and P. pseudoannulata are primarily composed of Firmicutes. At the genus level of classification, we identified 372 and 360 genera from the gut and gonad bacterial communities. It is noteworthy that the gut and gonad bacterial flora of E. cavaleriei and L. cornutus were dominated by Wolbachia and Spiroplasma. Results show that there were no differences in microbial communities between females and males of the same spider species. Furthermore, there is similarity between the gut and ovary microbial communities of female spiders, implying a potential avenue for microbial transmission between the gut and gonad within female spiders. By comprehensively studying these two microbial communities, we can establish the theoretical foundation for exploring the relationship between gut and gonad microbiota and their host, as well as the mechanisms through which microbes exert their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiaopan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yueli Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Centre for Behavioral Ecology & Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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5
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Chen LJ, Tan FH, Li ZZ, Liu W, Lyu B. Contrasting responses of cuticular bacteria of Pardosa pseudoannulata under cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114832. [PMID: 36989947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although research into how spiders respond to cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity is ongoing, little is known about the effects of Cd contamination on the exogenous microorganisms of spiders. The current study used 16 S rRNA gene sequencing to evaluate the richness and structure of external bacterial communities in the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata under long- and short-term Cd stress. Our results showed that Proteobacteria and Acidibacter were the dominating bacterial phylum and genus. The alpha diversity analysis showed that the high background of Cd concentration (Cd) reduced bacterial alpha diversity, and short-term Cd (SCd) stress elevated bacterial richness and diversity. Hub bacterial genera, including Stenotrophobacter, Hymenobacter, Chitinophaga, and Bryobacter, were identified by co-occurrence network analysis and showed high connectance with other bacterial genera. Further investigation revealed 15 and 14 bacterial taxa that were classified distinctively under SCd and Cd stresses. Interestingly, functional prediction analysis showed that Cd stress enhanced some crucial pathways involved in specialized functions, including manganese oxidation and aromatic compound degradation. Random forest and correlation analyses found that the spider's molting time was the dominant driver affecting bacterial phyla (i.e., Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes) and genera (e.g., Acidibacter, Reyranella, and Haliangium). Collectively, this comprehensive analysis creates new perspectives to investigate the divergent responses of microbial communities in the spiders' external habitat under Cd stress, and provides valuable viewpoints for Cd pollution evaluation and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Chen
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099 Shaoyang, China.
| | - Feng-Hua Tan
- Translational Medicine Institute, the First People's Hospital of ChenZhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Zhi Li
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099 Shaoyang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, 412007 Zhuzhou, China
| | - Bo Lyu
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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6
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Ibarra-Mendoza B, Gomez-Gil B, Betancourt-Lozano M, Raggi L, Yáñez-Rivera B. Microbial gut dysbiosis induced by xenobiotics in model organisms and the relevance of experimental criteria: a minireview. GUT MICROBIOME (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2023; 4:e7. [PMID: 39295907 PMCID: PMC11406412 DOI: 10.1017/gmb.2023.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem involved in multiple physiological processes that affect host health. Several factors affect intestinal microbial communities including dietary exposure to xenobiotics, which is highly concerning due to their widespread distribution. Current knowledge of this topic comes from culture-dependent methods, 16S rRNA amplicon fingerprinting, and metagenomics, but a standardised procedures framework remains lacking. This minireview integrates 45 studies from a systematic search using terms related to gut microbiota and its disruption. Only publications encompassing dietary-oral exposure and experimental gut microbiota assessments were included. The results were divided and described according to the biological model used and the disruption observed in the gut microbiota. An overall dysbiotic effect was unclear due to the variety of contaminants and hosts evaluated and the experimental gaps between publications. More standardised experimental designs, including WGS and physiological tests, are needed to establish how a particular xenobiotic can alter the gut microbiota and how the results can be extrapolated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Gomez-Gil
- CIAD, A.C. Mazatlán Unit for Aquaculture and Environmental Management, Mazatlán, Mexico
| | | | - Luciana Raggi
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo - CONACYT, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Yáñez-Rivera
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Mexico
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7
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Feng H, Meng P, Zhang S, Chen W, Wang H, Wang C. Insights from comparative transcriptome analysis in the responses of Pb-tolerant fungi Curvularia tsudae to Pb stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114476. [PMID: 38321691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The fungus Curvularia tsudae can survive in environments that are extremely contaminated by heavy metals; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance are not clear. In this study, we determined the effects of lead (Pb) stress on the growth of C. tsudae and used RNA-Seq to identify significant genes and biological processes involved. The present study showed that C. tsudae had an outstanding resistant capacity to Pb stress and could survive at a concentration of 1600 mg L-1 Pb. Although an obvious inhibition on the growth was observed, the fungus exhibited tolerance as it continued to grow at a Pb concentration of 1600 mg L-1 for seven days. A total of 9997 (9020 up and 977 down) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the mycelium of C. tsudae at Pb free (0 mg L-1) and Pb stressed samples. Pathway enrichment analysis identified several biological processes for managing Pb stress. Genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism tended to be modulated in response to Pb stress, while amino acids and the lipid metabolism would also be induced by Pb stress, and up-regulated genes involved in antioxidant substances and ABC transporters may be committed to high Pb tolerance. Our study contributes to the current literature on C. tsudae response to Pb stress and provides a useful reference for fungi as bioremediators in heavy metal-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Panpan Meng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shouxia Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 155 Research Road, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Chunyan Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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8
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Wang J, Tian Q, Cui L, Cheng J, Zhou H, Peng A, Qiu G, Shen L. Effect of extracellular proteins on Cd(II) adsorption in fungus and algae symbiotic system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 323:116173. [PMID: 36115246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungus-algae symbiotic systems (FASS) are typically used to assist in the immobilization of algae and strengthen the adsorption of heavy metals. However, the adsorption behavior of the symbiotic system and the molecular regulation mechanism of extracellular proteins in the adsorption of heavy metals have not been reported in detail. In this study, a stable FCSS (fungus-cyanobacterium symbiotic system) was used to study Cd(II) adsorption behavior. The fixation efficiency of fungus to cyanobacterium reached more than 95% at pH7.0, 30 °C, 150 rpm, and a medium ratio of 100%. The biomass, chlorophyll content, and total fatty acid content of the symbiotic system were much higher than those of cyanobacterium and fungus alone. The photosynthetic fluorescence parameters showed that the presence of fungus enhanced the light tolerance of cyanobacterium. The original light energy conversion efficiency and potential activity of PSII were enhanced, indicating that symbiosis could promote the photosynthetic process of cyanobacterium. The Cd(II) adsorption efficiency can achieve 90%. The system maintained excellent adsorption after six adsorption cycles. Differential proteins were mainly enriched in areas such as metabolism, ABC transport system, and pressure response. Cd(II) stress promotes an increase in efflux proteins. Moreover, cadmium can be fixed as much as possible by secreting extracellular proteins, and the toxicity of cadmium to cells can be alleviated by regulating the metabolism of glutathione, reducing oxidative phosphorylation level, and reducing oxidative stress, thus improving the resistance to Cd(II). Meanwhile, the expression of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway was upregulated, while the expression of those in the TCA cycle was downregulated. The expression of substances related to PSI and PSII in the photosynthetic system and rubisco, a key enzyme in the Calvin cycle, was significantly upregulated, indicating that the glucose metabolism and photosynthetic pathways of the symbiotic system were involved in resistance to Cd toxicity. This revealed the response mechanism of the fungus-algal symbiotic system in the process of Cd adsorption, and also provided reference value for industrial application in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Qinghua Tian
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Linlin Cui
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jinju Cheng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Anan Peng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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9
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Wan Y, Huang M, Xu X, Cao X, Chen H, Duan R. Effects of short-term continuous and pulse cadmium exposure on gut histology and microbiota of adult male frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) during pre-hibernation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103926. [PMID: 35787952 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental endocrine-disrupting pollutant which mainly occurs in pulsed manner in natural waters, while traditional toxicology experiments have less examined the effects of pulsed exposure. Here, we studied the effects of short-term (7 days) continuous and pulse exposure to 100 μg/L Cd on gut morphology and microbiota of frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) during pre-hibernation. Compared to continuous exposure, Cd pulse exposure significantly increased individual mortality and decreased the villi height and the ratio of villi height to crypt depth of the gut. Cd continuous and pulse exposure both changed the community structure and relative abundance of intestinal microbiota. Compared to continuous exposure, Cd pulse exposure significantly decreased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Cetobacterium and Aeromonas genus), and significantly increased the relative abundance of harmful bacteria (e.g., Parabacteroides, Odoribacter, and Acinetobacter genus). This study shows that the gut histology and microbiota of amphibians during pre-hibernation are more susceptible to Cd pulse exposure than continuous exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyue Wan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Minyi Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohong Cao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China.
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10
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Wei J, Yang XK, Zhang SK, Segraves KA, Xue HJ. Parallel meta-transcriptome analysis reveals degradation of plant secondary metabolites by beetles and their gut symbionts. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:3999-4016. [PMID: 35665559 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Switching to a new host plant is a driving force for divergence and speciation in herbivorous insects. This process of incorporating a novel host plant into the diet may require a number of adaptations in the insect herbivores that allow them to consume host plant tissue that may contain toxic secondary chemicals. As a result, herbivorous insects are predicted to have evolved efficient ways to detoxify major plant defenses and increase fitness by either relying on their own genomes or by recruiting other organisms such as microbial gut symbionts. In the present study we used parallel meta-transcriptomic analyses of Altica flea beetles and their gut symbionts to explore the contributions of beetle detoxification mechanisms versus detoxification by their gut consortium. We compared the gut meta-transcriptomes of two sympatric Altica species that feed exclusively on different host plant species as well as their F1 hybrids that were fed one of the two host plant species. These comparisons revealed that gene expression patterns of Altica are dependent on both beetle species identity and diet. The community structure of gut symbionts was also dependent on the identity of the beetle species, and the gene expression patterns of the gut symbionts were significantly correlated with beetle species and plant diet. Some of the enriched genes identified in the beetles and gut symbionts are involved in the degradation of secondary metabolites produced by plants, suggesting that Altica flea beetles may use their gut microbiota to help them feed on and adapt to their host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.,Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing-Ke Yang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shou-Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China.,School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Kari A Segraves
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.,Archbold Biological Station, 123 Main Drive, Venus, FL 33960, USA
| | - Huai-Jun Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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11
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Chang X, Kang M, Shen Y, Yun L, Yang G, Zhu L, Meng X, Zhang J, Su X. Bacillus coagulans SCC-19 maintains intestinal health in cadmium-exposed common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by strengthening the gut barriers, relieving oxidative stress and modulating the intestinal microflora. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112977. [PMID: 34781134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal cadmium (Cd) pollution is a serious problem affecting the sustainable development of aquaculture and the safety of aquatic foods. Research about the use of probiotics to attenuate toxic damage caused by Cd2+ in aquatic animals has received widespread attention. Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans), a kind of probiotics commonly used in aquaculture, has been shown to adsorb Cd2+ both in vivo and vitro. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of B. coagulans on Cd2+ bioaccumulation, gut barrier function, oxidative stress and gut microbiota in common carp following Cd2+ exposure. The fish were exposure to Cd2+ at 0 and 0.5 mg/L and/or fed a B. coagulans-containing diet at 107, 108 and 109 CFU/g for 8 weeks. The results indicated that B. coagulans can maintain gut barrier function in Cd2+-exposed fish by reducing Cd2+ bioaccumulation, increasing the mRNA levels of tight junction protein genes (occludin, claudin-2 and zonula occludens-1), and decreasing the levels of diamine oxidase and D-lactic acid. In addition, B. coagulans could relieve oxidative stress in Cd2+-exposed fish by restoring the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Moreover, Cd2+ exposure decreased the intestinal microbiota diversity and changed the intestinal microbiota compositions in common carp. However, supplementation with B. coagulans could reverse the altered intestinal microbiota diversity and composition after Cd2+ exposure, decrease the abundance of some pathogens (Shewanella and Vibrio), and increase the abundance of probiotics (Bacillus and Lactobacillus). These results indicate that B. coagulans may serve as a potential antidote for alleviating Cd2+ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulu Chang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Meiru Kang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Yihao Shen
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Lili Yun
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Guokun Yang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Meng
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Xi Su
- Henan Mental Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
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12
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Xia X, Wu S, Zhou Z, Wang G. Microbial Cd(II) and Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms and application in bioremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123685. [PMID: 33113721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) are extensively used in industry and result in water and soil contamination. The highly toxic Cd(II) and Cr(VI) are the most common soluble forms of Cd and Cr, respectively. They enter the human body through the food chain and drinking water and then cause serious illnesses. Microorganisms can adsorb metals or transform Cd(II) and Cr(VI) into insoluble or less bioavailable forms, and such strategies are applicable in Cd and Cr bioremediation. This review focuses on the highlighting of novel achievements on microbial Cd(II) and Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms and their bioremediation applications. In addition, the knowledge gaps and research perspectives are also discussed in order to build a bridge between the theoretical breakthrough and the resolution of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) contamination problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & Utilization, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Special Wild Vegetables Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization Technology, National Experimental Teaching Demonstrating Center, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Shijuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Zijie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Gejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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13
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Su QC, Wang X, Deng C, Yun YL, Zhao Y, Peng Y. Transcriptome responses to elevated CO 2 level and Wolbachia-infection stress in Hylyphantes graminicola (Araneae: Linyphiidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:908-920. [PMID: 31215133 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hylyphantes graminicola is a resident spider species found in maize and cotton fields and is an important biological control agent of various pests. Previous studies have demonstrated that stress from elevated CO2 and Wolbachia infection can strongly affect spider species. Thus, based on CO2 levels (400 ppm, current atmospheric CO2 concentration and 800 ppm, high CO2 concentration) and Wolbachia status (Wolbachia-infected, W+ and Wolbachia-uninfected, W- ), we divided H. graminicola individuals into four treatment groups: W- 400 ppm, W- 800 ppm, W+ 400 ppm, and W+ 800 ppm. To investigate the effects of elevated CO2 levels (W- 400 vs W- 800), Wolbachia infection (W- 400 vs W+ 400), and the interactions between these two factors (W- 400 vs W+ 800), high-throughput transcriptome sequencing was employed to characterize the de novo transcriptome of the spiders and identify stress-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). De novo assembly of complementary DNA sequences generated 86 688 unigenes, 23 938 of which were annotated in public databases. A total of 84, 21, and 157 DEGs were found among W- 400 vs W- 800, W- 400 vs W+ 400, and W- 400 vs W+ 800, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that metabolic processes, signaling, and catalytic activity were significantly affected by elevated CO2 levels and Wolbachia infection. Our findings suggest that the impact of elevated CO2 levels and Wolbachia infection on the H. graminicola transcriptome was, to a large extent, on genes involved in metabolic processes. This study is the first description of transcriptome changes in response to elevated CO2 levels and Wolbachia infection in spiders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Chen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue-Li Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Lv B, Wang J, Zhuo J, Yang H, Yang S, Wang Z, Song Q. Transcriptome sequencing reveals the effects of cadmium toxicity on the cold tolerance of the wolf spider Pirata subpiraticus. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126802. [PMID: 32660694 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As the predominant predator of pests in rice fields, spiders have been exposed to cadmium (Cd) pollution for a long time. The livability of spiders during the overwintering period is closely related to population growth in spring, but the effects of Cd on spider's survival of cold hardness and the underlining mechanism remain unclear. In the present study, we found that some growth parameters (body length, width, mass and livability) in the wolf spider Pirata subpiraticus were altered distinctively under Cd stress. To investigate the effects of Cd toxicity on the spider at molecular levels, RNA-sequencing was performed on the spiderlings undergoing ambient temperature alterations. Transcriptome data showed that a total of 807 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were yielded in the comparison. The obtained DEGs were mainly linked with metabolism-related process, including oxidoreductase activity and lipid transport, and 25 DEGs were associated with the reported cryoprotectants, including glycerol, arginine, cysteine, heat shock protein, glucose and mannose. Growth factors (insulin growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor) and cytochrome P450 encoding genes were dramatically expressed in the spider. Furthermore, transcriptional factors (TFs) family were characterized according to the transcriptomic profile, and ZBTB TFs were represented the most distinctive alterations in the characterized genes. Collectively, our study illustrated that Cd poses disadvantageous effects on the growth of P. subpiraticus at cold ambient temperature, and the spiders are capable of responding to the adverse Cd stress by expressing the genes involved in the metabolism of energy substances, cryoprotectants and immune-related components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lv
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Junzhe Zhuo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Sufang Yang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Lemoine MM, Engl T, Kaltenpoth M. Microbial symbionts expanding or constraining abiotic niche space in insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 39:14-20. [PMID: 32086000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In addition to their well-studied contributions to their host's nutrition, digestion, and defense, microbial symbionts of insects are increasingly found to affect their host's response toward abiotic stressors. In particular, symbiotic microbes can reduce or enhance tolerance to temperature extremes, improve desiccation resistance by aiding cuticle biosynthesis and sclerotization, and detoxify heavy metals. As such, individual symbionts or microbial communities can expand or constrain the abiotic niche space of their host and determine its adaptability to fluctuating environments. In light of the increasing impact of humans on climate and environment, a better understanding of host-microbe interactions is necessary to predict how different insect species will respond to changes in abiotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion M Lemoine
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Engl
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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16
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Metagenomic insights into microbial characterizations in explaining the distinction of biofilter performance during start-up. Biodegradation 2020; 31:183-199. [PMID: 32462278 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-020-09902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As an effective alternative for dissolved nitrogen removal, biofilter closely associates its treatment performance to structural and/or operational conditions. In this study, a set of four different biofilters including MAVF (mature aerated vertical flow), NAVF (new aerated vertical flow), NVF (new non-aerated vertical flow), and BHF (baffled non-aerated horizontal flow) were employed to purify low C/N ratio (3.8) domestic wastewater. All the filters were packed with round ceramsite operated under varying hydraulic loading rates (HLRs) of 0.024-0.18 m/day. During the start-up, both the physicochemical and microbial characterizations were investigated. It was found that, carbon and nitrogen could achieve ideal removal in MAVF once added with further sedimentation, while phosphorus displayed an unsatisfactory sequestration in any of the four filters probably due to the high inflow load and/or lack of alternate anaerobic/aerobic conditions. Filter clustering based on percent removal and removal rate constant displayed a consistent pattern, which was similar to that based on taxa of phylum from 16S rRNA sequencing, or phylum/genus/species from shotgun metagenomic sequencing although there were obvious distinctions in taxa compositions among direct comparison. Meanwhile, gene function annotation revealed that filter clustering based on metabolic pathways was consistent with that based on purification performance. These consistencies might imply that the treatment performance was mainly determined by microbial degradation. The enrichment of specific functional microbes responsible for the degradation of certain pollutants, such as carbohydrates, matched well with the defined purification performance.
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17
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Feng P, Ye Z, Han H, Ling Z, Zhou T, Zhao S, Virk AK, Kakade A, Abomohra AEF, El-Dalatony MM, Salama ES, Liu P, Li X. Tibet plateau probiotic mitigates chromate toxicity in mice by alleviating oxidative stress in gut microbiota. Commun Biol 2020; 3:242. [PMID: 32415160 PMCID: PMC7229148 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0968-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in food endangers human health. Probiotics can protect animals and human against heavy metals, but the detoxification mechanism has not been fully clarified. Here, mice were supplemented with Pediococcus acidilactici strain BT36 isolated from Tibetan plateau yogurt, with strong antioxidant activity but no chromate reduction ability for 20 days to ensure gut colonization. Strain BT36 decreased chromate accumulation, reduced oxidative stress, and attenuated histological damage in the liver of mice. 16S rRNA and metatranscriptome sequencing analysis of fecal microbiota showed that BT36 reversed Cr(VI)-induced changes in gut microbial composition and metabolic activity. Specifically, BT36 recovered the expressions of 788 genes, including 34 inherent Cr remediation-relevant genes. Functional analysis of 10 unannotated genes regulated by BT36 suggested the existence of a new Cr(VI)-reduction gene in the gut microbiota. Thus, BT36 can modulate the gut microbiota in response to Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress and protect against Cr toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengya Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ze Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Huawen Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tuoyu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Amanpreet Kaur Virk
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Apurva Kakade
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | | | - Marwa M El-Dalatony
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Ei-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Pu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China.
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18
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Rothman JA, Leger L, Kirkwood JS, McFrederick QS. Cadmium and Selenate Exposure Affects the Honey Bee Microbiome and Metabolome, and Bee-Associated Bacteria Show Potential for Bioaccumulation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e01411-19. [PMID: 31471302 PMCID: PMC6803295 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01411-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey bees are important insect pollinators used heavily in agriculture and can be found in diverse environments. Bees may encounter toxicants such as cadmium and selenate by foraging on plants growing in contaminated areas, which can result in negative health effects. Honey bees are known to have a simple and consistent microbiome that conveys many benefits to the host, and toxicant exposure may impact this symbiotic microbial community. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assay the effects that sublethal cadmium and selenate treatments had over 7 days and found that both treatments significantly but subtly altered the composition of the bee microbiome. Next, we exposed bees to cadmium and selenate and then used untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics to show that chemical exposure changed the bees' metabolite profiles and that compounds which may be involved in detoxification, proteolysis, and lipolysis were more abundant in treatments. Finally, we exposed several strains of bee-associated bacteria in liquid culture and found that each strain removed cadmium from its medium but that only Lactobacillus Firm-5 microbes assimilated selenate, indicating the possibility that these microbes may reduce the metal and metalloid burden on their host. Overall, our report shows that metal and metalloid exposure can affect the honey bee microbiome and metabolome and that strains of bee-associated bacteria can bioaccumulate these toxicants.IMPORTANCE Bees are important insect pollinators that may encounter environmental pollution when foraging upon plants grown in contaminated areas. Despite the pervasiveness of pollution, little is known about the effects of these toxicants on honey bee metabolism and their symbiotic microbiomes. Here, we investigated the impact of selenate and cadmium exposure on the gut microbiome and metabolome of honey bees. We found that exposure to these chemicals subtly altered the overall composition of the bees' microbiome and metabolome and that exposure to toxicants may negatively impact both host and microbe. As the microbiome of animals can reduce mortality upon metal or metalloid challenge, we grew bee-associated bacteria in media spiked with selenate or cadmium. We show that some bacteria can remove these toxicants from their media in vitro and suggest that bacteria may reduce metal burden in their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Rothman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Laura Leger
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jay S Kirkwood
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Quinn S McFrederick
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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19
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Zhang J, Li Q, Zeng Y, Zhang J, Lu G, Dang Z, Guo C. Bioaccumulation and distribution of cadmium by Burkholderia cepacia GYP1 under oligotrophic condition and mechanism analysis at proteome level. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 176:162-169. [PMID: 30927637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria have been applied for the bioremediation of cadmium-contaminated environment. Less is known about the bioaccumulation of high concentration of Cd over time under the oligotrophic environment. Burkholderia cepacia GYP1, which was isolated from multiple heavy metal contaminated farmland, was studied for its bioaccumulation mechanism of Cd under oligotrophic condition. GYP1 possessed highly accumulation capacity for cadmium reaching 116 mg Cd/g biomass (dry weight). ATR-FTIR, electron microscopy, flow cytometry along with subcellular fraction demonstrated that the uptake and distribution of cadmium varied with the increased amount of cadmium of GYP1 cell during the 7-day treatment time: the accumulation of cadmium was mainly on the outer membrane at the beginning (within 1 day), and the intracellular cadmium kept increased and held stable after 2 days, after that, the increased amount of cadmium mainly located extracellularly, related to the secreted EPS. Further mechanism analysis of bioaccumulation of Cd by GYP1 based on iTRAQ-based proteomics showed that Cd(II) could trigger the up-regulation of the Cd2+/Zn2+-exporting ATPase, type VI protein secretion systems, and glutathione-S-transferase that are related to cadmium response, which may contribute to maintain the intracellular cadmium homeostasis. In summary, the immobilization of Cd(II) by B. cepacia GYP1 contains three steps:(1) fast immobilization of Cd(II) on the cell surface coordinated with functional groups, (2) transport of Cd(II) to cells and accumulation in cytoplasm, and (3) efflux of intracellular Cd(II) depended on energy and the entrapped or adsorbed of extracellular Cd(II) by EPS. Our study provided the understanding of the cadmium accumulation process of B. cepacia GYP1 under oligotrophic condition, which would be helpful in bioremediation of natural cadmium contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Yufei Zeng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Chuling Guo
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
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20
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Chang X, Li H, Feng J, Chen Y, Nie G, Zhang J. Effects of cadmium exposure on the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbial community of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:92-98. [PMID: 30597321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that poses serious health hazards. Due to the increasing contamination of aquatic systems with Cd, the increased accumulation of Cd in fish has become a food safety and public health concern. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of waterborne Cd exposure on the microbial community composition and diversity in the gut of common carp. Common carp were exposed to three waterborne Cd concentrations (0, 50 and 500 μg Cd L-1) for 4 weeks. Our results indicated that Cd exposure profoundly affected the composition of the gut microbiota in the common carp. At the phylum level, Saccharibacteria were detected in only the 0 μg and 50 μg Cd L-1 exposure groups, and the abundance of Fusobacteria decreased with increasing Cd concentration, while the abundance of Firmicutes increased with increasing Cd concentration. At the genus level, Cetobacterium was the dominant group in the gut of the common carp, and the abundance of Cetobacterium decreased after Cd exposure. Notably, the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a probiotic, was found to decrease after Cd exposure, and the proportions of some Cd-resistant bacteria were found to increase following Cd exposure. Our results also demonstrated that Cd exposure decreased the community diversity of the gut microbiota. These results suggest that Cd exposure may impact the gut homeostasis of common carp and further affect the health of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulu Chang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Junchang Feng
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
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21
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Wilczek G, Karcz J, Rost-Roszkowska M, Kędziorski A, Wilczek P, Skowronek M, Wiśniewska K, Kaszuba F, Surmiak K. Evaluation of selected biological properties of the hunting web spider (Steatoda grossa, Theridiidae) in the aspect of short- and long-term exposure to cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 656:297-306. [PMID: 30504028 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed at comparing the effects of short- and long-term exposure of Steatoda grossa female spiders to cadmium on the web's architecture, its energy content, and ultrastructure of ampullate glands. Simple food chain model (medium with 0.25 mM CdCl2 → Drosophila hydei flies → spider (for 4 weeks or 12 months) was used for the exposure. Analysis of Cd content provided evidence that silk fibers of the web are well protected against its incorporation irrespectively of the exposure period. Long-term exposure to cadmium resulted in the occurrence of numerous autophagosomes with degenerated organelles as well as apoptotic and necrotic cells in the ampullate glands. Concurrently, the individual silk fibers building double and multiple combination complexes were significantly thinner than in the control threads. Moreover, exposed spiders spun net with smaller mean calorific value than did the control individuals. Hence, evaluation of both the diameter of silk fibers and calorific value of the web can serve as biomarkers of the effects caused by exposure of these predators to cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Wilczek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland.
| | - Jagna Karcz
- Laboratory of Scanning Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- Department of Embriology and Histology of Animals, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kędziorski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Piotr Wilczek
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Heart Prosthesis Institute FRK, Wolności 345a, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skowronek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Kamila Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Florentyna Kaszuba
- Department of Embriology and Histology of Animals, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Kinga Surmiak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
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