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Glover JC, Aswendt M, Boulland JL, Lojk J, Stamenković S, Andjus P, Fiori F, Hoehn M, Mitrecic D, Pavlin M, Cavalli S, Frati C, Quaini F. In vivo Cell Tracking Using Non-invasive Imaging of Iron Oxide-Based Particles with Particular Relevance for Stem Cell-Based Treatments of Neurological and Cardiac Disease. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:1469-1488. [PMID: 31802361 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapeutics is a rapidly developing field associated with a number of clinical challenges. One such challenge lies in the implementation of methods to track stem cells and stem cell-derived cells in experimental animal models and in the living patient. Here, we provide an overview of cell tracking in the context of cardiac and neurological disease, focusing on the use of iron oxide-based particles (IOPs) visualized in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We discuss the types of IOPs available for such tracking, their advantages and limitations, approaches for labeling cells with IOPs, biological interactions and effects of IOPs at the molecular and cellular levels, and MRI-based and associated approaches for in vivo and histological visualization. We conclude with reviews of the literature on IOP-based cell tracking in cardiac and neurological disease, covering both preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel C Glover
- Laboratory for Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PB 1105, Blindern, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Markus Aswendt
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Str. 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Boulland
- Laboratory for Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PB 1105, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jasna Lojk
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Trzaska cesta 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefan Stamenković
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, PB 52, 10001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavle Andjus
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, PB 52, 10001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fabrizio Fiori
- Department of Applied Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche - Di.S.C.O., Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Str. 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dinko Mitrecic
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Trzaska cesta 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefano Cavalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Palmroth A, Pitkänen S, Hannula M, Paakinaho K, Hyttinen J, Miettinen S, Kellomäki M. Evaluation of scaffold microstructure and comparison of cell seeding methods using micro-computed tomography-based tools. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20200102. [PMID: 32228403 PMCID: PMC7211473 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides a means to analyse and model three-dimensional (3D) tissue engineering scaffolds. This study proposes a set of micro-CT-based tools firstly for evaluating the microstructure of scaffolds and secondly for comparing different cell seeding methods. The pore size, porosity and pore interconnectivity of supercritical CO2 processed poly(l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL) and PLCL/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds were analysed using computational micro-CT models. The models were supplemented with an experimental method, where iron-labelled microspheres were seeded into the scaffolds and micro-CT imaged to assess their infiltration into the scaffolds. After examining the scaffold architecture, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were seeded into the scaffolds using five different cell seeding methods. Cell viability, number and 3D distribution were evaluated. The distribution of the cells was analysed using micro-CT by labelling the hASCs with ultrasmall paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Among the tested seeding methods, a forced fluid flow-based technique resulted in an enhanced cell infiltration throughout the scaffolds compared with static seeding. The current study provides an excellent set of tools for the development of scaffolds and for the design of 3D cell culture experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Palmroth
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Sanna Pitkänen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markus Hannula
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaarlo Paakinaho
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Orton Orthopaedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kellomäki
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
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Contrast-Enhanced MicroCT for Virtual 3D Anatomical Pathology of Biological Tissues: A Literature Review. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:8617406. [PMID: 30944550 PMCID: PMC6421764 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8617406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To date, the combination of histological sectioning, staining, and microscopic assessment of the 2D sections is still the golden standard for structural and compositional analysis of biological tissues. X-ray microfocus computed tomography (microCT) is an emerging 3D imaging technique with high potential for 3D structural analysis of biological tissues with a complex and heterogeneous 3D structure, such as the trabecular bone. However, its use has been mostly limited to mineralized tissues because of the inherently low X-ray absorption of soft tissues. To achieve sufficient X-ray attenuation, chemical compounds containing high atomic number elements that bind to soft tissues have been recently adopted as contrast agents (CAs) for contrast-enhanced microCT (CE-CT); this novel technique is very promising for quantitative "virtual" 3D anatomical pathology of both mineralized and soft biological tissues. In this paper, we provided a review of the advances in CE-CT since the very first reports on the technology to date. Perfusion CAs for in vivo imaging have not been discussed, as the focus of this review was on CAs that bind to the tissue of interest and that are, thus, used for ex vivo imaging of biological tissues. As CE-CT has mostly been applied for the characterization of musculoskeletal tissues, we have put specific emphasis on these tissues. Advantages and limitations of multiple CAs for different musculoskeletal tissues have been highlighted, and their reproducibility has been discussed. Additionally, the advantages of the "full" 3D CE-CT information have been pinpointed, and its importance for more detailed structural, spatial, and functional characterization of the tissues of interest has been shown. Finally, the remaining challenges that are still hampering a broader adoption of CE-CT have been highlighted, and suggestions have been made to move the field of CE-CT imaging one step further towards a standard accepted tool for quantitative virtual 3D anatomical pathology.
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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Shelton RL, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive Displacement of the Tympanic Membrane Using Magnetic Nanoparticles: Toward Enhancement of Sound Perception. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018; 65:2837-2846. [PMID: 29993404 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2819649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A novel hearing-aid scheme using magnetomotive nanoparticles (MNPs) as transducers in the tympanic membrane (TM) is proposed, aiming to noninvasively and directly induce a modulated vibration on the TM. METHODS In this feasibility study, iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were applied on ex vivo rat TM tissues and allowed to diffuse over ∼2 h. Subsequently, magnetic force was exerted on the MNP-laden TM via a programmable electromagnetic solenoid to induce the magnetomotion. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), along with its phase-sensitive measurement capabilities, was utilized to visualize and quantify the nanometer-scale vibrations generated on the TM tissues. RESULTS The magnetomotive displacements induced on the TM were significantly greater than the baseline vibration of the TM without MNPs. In addition to a pure frequency tone, a chirped excitation and the corresponding spectroscopic response were also successfully generated and obtained. Finally, visualization of volumetric TM dynamics was achieved. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the effectiveness of magnetically inducing vibrations on TMs containing iron oxide nanoparticles, manipulating the amplitude and the frequency of the induced TM motions, and the capability of assessing the magnetomotive dynamics via OCT. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated here suggest the potential use of this noninvasive magnetomotive approach in future hearing aid applications. OCT can be utilized to investigate the magnetomotive dynamics of the TM, which may either enhance sound perception or magnetically induce the perception of sound without the need for acoustic speech signals.
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Mangoni M, Livi L, Biti G, Di Cataldo V, Capaccioli N, Castier Y, Loriot Y, Mordant P, Deutsch E. Stem Cell Tracking: Toward Clinical Application in Oncology? TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 98:535-42. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161209800501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive cellular imaging allows the tracking of grafted cells as well as the monitoring of their migration, suggesting potential applications to track both cancer and therapeutic stem cells. Cell tracking can be performed by two approaches: direct labeling (cells are labeled with tags) and indirect labeling (cells are transfected with a reporter gene and visualized after administration of a reporter probe). Techniques for in vivo detection of grafted cells include optic imaging, nuclear medicine imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, microCT imaging and ultrasound imaging. The ideal imaging modality would bring together high sensitivity, high resolution and low toxicity. All of the available imaging methods are based on different principles, have different properties and different limitations, so several of them can be considered complementary. Transfer of these preclinical cellular imaging modalities to stem cells has already been reported, and transfer to clinical practice within the next years can be reasonably considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mangoni
- UPRES EA 2710, Gustave Roussy
Institute, Villejuif, France
- Clinical Physiopathology Department,
Radiotherapy Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Clinical Physiopathology Department,
Radiotherapy Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Biti
- Clinical Physiopathology Department,
Radiotherapy Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Vanessa Di Cataldo
- Clinical Physiopathology Department,
Radiotherapy Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Neri Capaccioli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and
Forensic Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Radiology Unit, Val di Sieve Clinic,
Florence, Italy
| | - Yves Castier
- Department of General Thoracic and
Vascular Surgery, Bichat Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Yohann Loriot
- UPRES EA 2710, Gustave Roussy
Institute, Villejuif, France
- Department of General Thoracic and
Vascular Surgery, Bichat Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Mordant
- UPRES EA 2710, Gustave Roussy
Institute, Villejuif, France
- Department of Medicine, Gustave Roussy
Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- UPRES EA 2710, Gustave Roussy
Institute, Villejuif, France
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Sinibaldi R, Conti A, Sinjari B, Spadone S, Pecci R, Palombo M, Komlev VS, Ortore MG, Tromba G, Capuani S, Guidotti R, De Luca F, Caputi S, Traini T, Della Penna S. Multimodal-3D imaging based on μMRI and μCT techniques bridges the gap with histology in visualization of the bone regeneration process. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:750-761. [PMID: 28593731 DOI: 10.1002/term.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone repair/regeneration is usually investigated through X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) supported by histology of extracted samples, to analyse biomaterial structure and new bone formation processes. Magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI) shows a richer tissue contrast than μCT, despite at lower resolution, and could be combined with μCT in the perspective of conducting non-destructive 3D investigations of bone. A pipeline designed to combine μMRI and μCT images of bone samples is here described and applied on samples of extracted human jawbone core following bone graft. We optimized the coregistration procedure between μCT and μMRI images to avoid bias due to the different resolutions and contrasts. Furthermore, we used an Adaptive Multivariate Clustering, grouping homologous voxels in the coregistered images, to visualize different tissue types within a fused 3D metastructure. The tissue grouping matched the 2D histology applied only on 1 slice, thus extending the histology labelling in 3D. Specifically, in all samples, we could separate and map 2 types of regenerated bone, calcified tissue, soft tissues, and/or fat and marrow space. Remarkably, μMRI and μCT alone were not able to separate the 2 types of regenerated bone. Finally, we computed volumes of each tissue in the 3D metastructures, which might be exploited by quantitative simulation. The 3D metastructure obtained through our pipeline represents a first step to bridge the gap between the quality of information obtained from 2D optical microscopy and the 3D mapping of the bone tissue heterogeneity and could allow researchers and clinicians to non-destructively characterize and follow-up bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sinibaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Multimodal3D s.r.l., Rome, Italy
| | - A Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - B Sinjari
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - S Spadone
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - R Pecci
- Department of Technologies and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - M Palombo
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- CEA/DSV/I2BM, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - V S Komlev
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M G Ortore
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Tromba
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Capuani
- CNR (Institute for Complex Systems) c/o Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Guidotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - F De Luca
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Caputi
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - T Traini
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - S Della Penna
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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7
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Kim J, Chhour P, Hsu J, Litt HI, Ferrari VA, Popovtzer R, Cormode DP. Use of Nanoparticle Contrast Agents for Cell Tracking with Computed Tomography. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1581-1597. [PMID: 28485976 PMCID: PMC5481820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Efforts
to develop novel cell-based therapies originated with the
first bone marrow transplant on a leukemia patient in 1956. Preclinical
and clinical examples of cell-based treatment strategies have shown
promising results across many disciplines in medicine, with recent
advances in immune cell therapies for cancer producing remarkable
response rates, even in patients with multiple treatment failures.
However, cell-based therapies suffer from inconsistent outcomes, motivating
the search for tools that allow monitoring of cell delivery and behavior
in vivo. Noninvasive cell imaging techniques, also known as cell tracking,
have been developed to address this issue. These tools can allow real-time,
quantitative, and long-term monitoring of transplanted cells in the
recipient, providing insight on cell migration, distribution, viability,
differentiation, and fate, all of which play crucial roles in treatment
efficacy. Understanding these parameters allows the optimization of
cell choice, delivery route, and dosage for therapy and advances cell-based
therapy for specific clinical uses. To date, most cell tracking work
has centered on imaging modalities such as MRI, radionuclide imaging,
and optical imaging. However, X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an
emerging method for cell tracking that has several strengths such
as high spatial and temporal resolution, and excellent quantitative
capabilities. The advantages of CT for cell tracking are enhanced
by its wide availability and cost effectiveness, allowing CT to become
one of the most popular clinical imaging modalities and a key asset
in disease diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss recent advances
in cell tracking methods using X-ray CT in various applications, in
addition to predictions on how the field will progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Department of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
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8
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Chang WJ, Pan YH, Tzeng JJ, Wu TL, Fong TH, Feng SW, Huang HM. Development and Testing of X-Ray Imaging-Enhanced Poly-L-Lactide Bone Screws. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140354. [PMID: 26466309 PMCID: PMC4605620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanosized iron oxide particles exhibit osteogenic and radiopaque properties. Thus, iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were incorporated into a biodegradable polymer (poly-L-lactic acid, PLLA) to fabricate a composite bone screw. This multifunctional, 3D printable bone screw was detectable on X-ray examination. In this study, mechanical tests including three-point bending and ultimate tensile strength were conducted to evaluate the optimal ratio of iron oxide nanoparticles in the PLLA composite. Both injection molding and 3D printing techniques were used to fabricate the PLLA bone screws with and without the iron oxide nanoparticles. The fabricated screws were implanted into the femoral condyles of New Zealand White rabbits. Bone blocks containing the PLLA screws were resected 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. Histologic examination of the surrounding bone and the radiopacity of the iron-oxide-containing PLLA screws were evaluated. Our results indicated that addition of iron oxide nanoparticles at 30% significantly decreased the ultimate tensile stress properties of the PLLA screws. The screws with 20% iron oxide exhibited strong radiopacity compared to the screws fabricated without the iron oxide nanoparticles. Four weeks after surgery, the average bone volume of the iron oxide PLLA composite screws was significantly greater than that of PLLA screws without iron oxide. These findings suggested that biodegradable and X-ray detectable PLLA bone screws can be produced by incorporation of 20% iron oxide nanoparticles. Furthermore, these screws had significantly greater osteogenic capability than the PLLA screws without iron oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chang
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jy-Jiunn Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Lin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsorng-Harn Fong
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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9
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Pacak CA, Hammer PE, MacKay AA, Dowd RP, Wang KR, Masuzawa A, Sill B, McCully JD, Cowan DB. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles function as a long-term, multi-modal imaging label for non-invasive tracking of implanted progenitor cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108695. [PMID: 25250622 PMCID: PMC4177390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles to function as a long-term tracking label for multi-modal imaging of implanted engineered tissues containing muscle-derived progenitor cells using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT). SPIO-labeled primary myoblasts were embedded in fibrin sealant and imaged to obtain intensity data by MRI or radio-opacity information by μCT. Each imaging modality displayed a detection gradient that matched increasing SPIO concentrations. Labeled cells were then incorporated in fibrin sealant, injected into the atrioventricular groove of rat hearts, and imaged in vivo and ex vivo for up to 1 year. Transplanted cells were identified in intact animals and isolated hearts using both imaging modalities. MRI was better able to detect minuscule amounts of SPIO nanoparticles, while μCT more precisely identified the location of heavily-labeled cells. Histological analyses confirmed that iron oxide particles were confined to viable, skeletal muscle-derived cells in the implant at the expected location based on MRI and μCT. These analyses showed no evidence of phagocytosis of labeled cells by macrophages or release of nanoparticles from transplanted cells. In conclusion, we established that SPIO nanoparticles function as a sensitive and specific long-term label for MRI and μCT, respectively. Our findings will enable investigators interested in regenerative therapies to non-invasively and serially acquire complementary, high-resolution images of transplanted cells for one year using a single label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A. Pacak
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter E. Hammer
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Allison A. MacKay
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rory P. Dowd
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kai-Roy Wang
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Akihiro Masuzawa
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bjoern Sill
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James D. McCully
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Douglas B. Cowan
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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10
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Molnar IL, Willson CS, O'Carroll DM, Rivers ML, Gerhard JI. Method for obtaining silver nanoparticle concentrations within a porous medium via synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:1114-1122. [PMID: 24354304 DOI: 10.1021/es403381s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Attempts at understanding nanoparticle fate and transport in the subsurface environment are currently hindered by an inability to quantify nanoparticle behavior at the pore scale (within and between pores) within realistic pore networks. This paper is the first to present a method for high resolution quantification of silver nanoparticle (nAg) concentrations within porous media under controlled experimental conditions. This method makes it possible to extract silver nanoparticle concentrations within individual pores in static and quasi-dynamic (i.e., transport) systems. Quantification is achieved by employing absorption-edge synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography (SXCMT) and an extension of the Beer-Lambert law. Three-dimensional maps of X-ray mass linear attenuation are converted to SXCMT-determined nAg concentration and are found to closely match the concentrations determined by ICP analysis. In addition, factors affecting the quality of the SXCMT-determined results are investigated: 1) The acquisition of an additional above-edge data set reduced the standard deviation of SXCMT-determined concentrations; 2) X-ray refraction at the grain/water interface artificially depresses the SXCMT-determined concentrations within 18.1 μm of a grain surface; 3) By treating the approximately 20 × 10(6) voxels within each data set statistically (i.e., averaging), a high level of confidence in the SXCMT-determined mean concentrations can be obtained. This novel method provides the means to examine a wide range of properties related to nanoparticle transport in controlled laboratory porous medium experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian L Molnar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
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11
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Abstract
Micro-CT offers high spatial resolution of the distribution of stem cells and provides rapid reconstruction of 3D images and quantitative volumetric analysis. Together with real-time PCR analysis, micro-CT offers the possibility to obtain a quantification of the number of cells that are able to migrate from the bloodstream inside the muscular tissues. Here, we studied for the first time the kinetics of the human cells injected into the femoral artery of DMD animal model. It is fundamental to determine whether the cells disseminate and entrap only within the capillary system of downstream muscles and/or they are able to reach the non-injected muscles and other organs through blood flow. The efficient transplantation of stem cells to dystrophic-deficient muscle reinforced the utility of intra-arterial delivery of cells as a viable approach for cell-based clinical therapies of neuromuscular diseases.
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12
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Giuliani A, Moroncini F, Mazzoni S, Belicchi MLC, Villa C, Erratico S, Colombo E, Calcaterra F, Brambilla L, Torrente Y, Albertini G, Della Bella S. Polyglycolic acid-polylactic acid scaffold response to different progenitor cell in vitro cultures: a demonstrative and comparative X-ray synchrotron radiation phase-contrast microtomography study. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013; 20:308-16. [PMID: 23879738 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal interactions play important roles in tissue development and function, especially in stem cell-seeded bioscaffolds. Cells interact with the surface of bioscaffold polymers and influence material-driven control of cell differentiation. In vitro cultures of different human progenitor cells, that is, endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) from a healthy control and a patient with Kaposi sarcoma (an angioproliferative disease) and human CD133+ muscle-derived stem cells (MSH 133+ cells), were seeded onto polyglycolic acid-polylactic acid scaffolds. Three-dimensional (3D) images were obtained by X-ray phase-contrast microtomography (micro-CT) and processed with the Modified Bronnikov Algorithm. The method enabled high spatial resolution detection of the 3D structural organization of cells on the bioscaffold and evaluation of the way and rate at which cells modified the construct at different time points from seeding. The different cell types displayed significant differences in the proliferation rate. In conclusion, X-ray synchrotron radiation phase-contrast micro-CT analysis proved to be a useful and sensitive tool to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of progenitor cell organization on a bioscaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Giuliani
- 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy
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Edmundson M, Thanh NTK, Song B. Nanoparticles based stem cell tracking in regenerative medicine. Theranostics 2013; 3:573-82. [PMID: 23946823 PMCID: PMC3741606 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies offer great potentials in the treatment for a wide range of diseases and conditions. With so many stem cell replacement therapies going through clinical trials currently, there is a great need to understand the mechanisms behind a successful therapy, and one of the critical points of discovering them is to track stem cell migration, proliferation and differentiation in vivo. To be of most use tracking methods should ideally be non-invasive, high resolution and allow tracking in three dimensions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the ideal methods, but requires a suitable contrast agent to be loaded to the cells to be tracked, and one of the most wide-spread in stem cell tracking is a group of agents known as magnetic nanoparticles. This review will explore the current use of magnetic nanoparticles in developing and performing stem cell therapies, and will investigate their potential limitations and the future directions magnetic nanoparticle tracking is heading in.
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Zhang YS, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Cai X, Zhang C, Wang LV, Xia Y. Labeling human mesenchymal stem cells with gold nanocages for in vitro and in vivo tracking by two-photon microscopy and photoacoustic microscopy. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:532-43. [PMID: 23946820 PMCID: PMC3741603 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell tracking is a highly important subject. Current techniques based on nanoparticle-labeling, such as magnetic resonance imaging, fluorescence microscopy, and micro-computed tomography, are plagued by limitations including relatively low sensitivity or penetration depth, involvement of ionizing irradiation, and potential cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles. Here we introduce a new class of contrast agents based on gold nanocages (AuNCs) with hollow interiors and porous walls to label human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for both in vitro and in vivo tracking using two-photon microscopy and photoacoustic microscopy. As demonstrated by the viability assay, the AuNCs showed negligible cytotoxicity under a reasonable dose, and did not alter the differentiation potential of the hMSCs into desired lineages. We were able to image the cells labeled with AuNCs in vitro for at least 28 days in culture, as well as to track the cells that homed to the tumor region in nude mice in vivo.
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Marinescu M, Langer M, Durand A, Olivier C, Chabrol A, Rositi H, Chauveau F, Cho TH, Nighoghossian N, Berthezène Y, Peyrin F, Wiart M. Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Phase Micro-computed Tomography as a New Method to Detect Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in the Brain. Mol Imaging Biol 2013; 15:552-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-013-0639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Histological and Synchrotron Radiation-Based Computed Microtomography Study of 2 Human-Retrieved Direct Laser Metal Formed Titanium Implants. IMPLANT DENT 2013; 22:175-81. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0b013e318282817d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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In vivo visualization of gold-loaded cells in mice using x-ray computed tomography. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 9:284-92. [PMID: 22841913 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The ability to perform cell tracking using x-ray computed tomography combined with gold nanoparticles has been demonstrated recently on ex vivo samples using different malignant and nonmalignant cell lines. Here we proved the concept of the method for in vivo assessment in a small-animal model of malignant brain tumors. The limitations of the method due to radiation dose constraints were investigated using Monte Carlo simulations. Taking into consideration different x-ray entrance doses and the spatial resolution, the visibility of the cell clusters was evaluated. The results of the experiments conducted on mice implanted with F98 tumor cells confirmed the prediction of the Monte Carlo calculations. Small clusters of cells exogenously loaded with gold nanoparticles could be visualized using our in vivo method. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR This article discusses the use of CT-based detection of gold nanoparticle loaded cells of interest in small-animal models of malignant brain tumors, where small clusters of cells loaded with gold nanoparticles could be visualized.
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Farini A, Villa C, Manescu A, Fiori F, Giuliani A, Razini P, Sitzia C, Del Fraro G, Belicchi M, Meregalli M, Rustichelli F, Torrente Y. Novel insight into stem cell trafficking in dystrophic muscles. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3059-67. [PMID: 22787400 PMCID: PMC3391005 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s30595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently published reports have described possible cellular therapy approaches to regenerate muscle tissues using arterial route delivery. However, the kinetic of distribution of these migratory stem cells within injected animal muscular dystrophy models is unknown. Using living X-ray computed microtomography, we established that intra-arterially injected stem cells traffic to multiple muscle tissues for several hours until their migration within dystrophic muscles. Injected stem cells express multiple traffic molecules, including VLA-4, LFA-1, CD44, and the chemokine receptor CXCR4, which are likely to direct these cells into dystrophic muscles. In fact, the majority of intra-arterially injected stem cells access the muscle tissues not immediately after the injection, but after several rounds of recirculation. We set up a new, living, 3D-imaging approach, which appears to be an important way to investigate the kinetic of distribution of systemically injected stem cells within dystrophic muscle tissues, thereby providing supportive data for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Farini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Laverse J, Mastromatteo M, Frisullo P, Del Nobile M. X-ray microtomography to study the microstructure of mayonnaise. J FOOD ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Giuliani A, Frati C, Rossini A, Komlev VS, Lagrasta C, Savi M, Cavalli S, Gaetano C, Quaini F, Manescu A, Rustichelli F. High-resolution X-ray microtomography for three-dimensional imaging of cardiac progenitor cell homing in infarcted rat hearts. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 5:e168-78. [PMID: 21360687 DOI: 10.1002/term.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent introduction of stem cells in cardiology provides new tools in understanding the regenerative processes of the normal and pathological heart and has opened a search for new therapeutic strategies. Recent published reports have contributed to identifying possible cellular therapy approaches to generate new myocardium, involving transcoronary and intramyocardial injection of progenitor cells. However, one of the limiting factors in the overall interpretation of clinical results obtained by cell therapy is represented by the lack of three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution methods for the visualization of the injected cells and their fate within the myocardium. This work shows that X-ray computed microtomography may offer the unique possibility of detecting, with high definition and resolution and in ex vivo conditions, the 3D spatial distribution of rat cardiac progenitor cells, labelled with iron oxide nanoparticles, inside the infarcted rat heart early after injection. The obtained 3D images represent a very innovative progress as compared to experimental two-dimensional (2D) histological analysis, which requires time-consuming energies for image reconstruction in order to provide the overall distribution of rat clonogenic cells within the heart. Through microtomography, we were able to observe in 3D the presence of these cells within damaged cardiac tissue, with important structural details that are difficult to visualize by conventional bidimensional imaging techniques. This new 3D-imaging approach appears to be an important way to investigate the cellular events involved in cardiac regeneration and represents a promising tool for future clinical applications.
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Villa C, Erratico S, Razini P, Farini A, Meregalli M, Belicchi M, Torrente Y. In VivoTracking of Stem Cell by Nanotechnologies: Future Prospects for Mouse to Human Translation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 17:1-11. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Erratico
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Razini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Farini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mirella Meregalli
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università dėgli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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22
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Frisullo P, Conte A, Del Nobile M. A Novel Approach to Study Biscuits and Breadsticks Using X-Ray Computed Tomography. J Food Sci 2010; 75:E353-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Stem cell tracking by nanotechnologies. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:1070-81. [PMID: 20480000 PMCID: PMC2869236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11031070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in stem cell research have provided important understanding of the cell biology and offered great promise for developing new strategies for tissue regeneration. The beneficial effects of stem cell therapy depend also by the development of new approachs for the track of stem cells in living subjects over time after transplantation. Recent developments in the use of nanotechnologies have contributed to advance of the high-resolution in vivo imaging methods, including positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and X-Ray computed microtomography (microCT). This review examines the use of nanotechnologies for stem cell tracking.
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25
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Albertini G, Giuliani A, Komlev V, Moroncini F, Pugnaloni A, Pennesi G, Belicchi M, Rubini C, Rustichelli F, Tasso R, Torrente Y. Organization of Extracellular Matrix Fibers Within Polyglycolic Acid–Polylactic Acid Scaffolds Analyzed Using X-Ray Synchrotron-Radiation Phase-Contrast Micro Computed Tomography. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009; 15:403-11. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Albertini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Ingegneria dei Materiali e del Territorio, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze fisiche della Materia, Ancona unit, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Giuliani
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze fisiche della Materia, Ancona unit, Ancona, Italy
- Dipartimento S.A.I.F.E.T.—Sezione Di Scienze Fisiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Roma, Italy
| | - Vladimir Komlev
- Dipartimento S.A.I.F.E.T.—Sezione Di Scienze Fisiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Moroncini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Ingegneria dei Materiali e del Territorio, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze fisiche della Materia, Ancona unit, Ancona, Italy
| | - Armanda Pugnaloni
- Dipartimento di Patologia Molecolare e Terapie Innovative, Istologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pennesi
- Laboratorio di Cellule Staminali, Centro di Biotecnologie Avanzate, Genova, Italy
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze–Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Franco Rustichelli
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze fisiche della Materia, Ancona unit, Ancona, Italy
- Dipartimento S.A.I.F.E.T.—Sezione Di Scienze Fisiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Tasso
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, University of Milan, Italy
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26
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Emmrich F. Abstracts of the 3rd World Congress on Regenerative Medicine, October 18-20, 2007, Leipzig, Germany. Regen Med 2007; 2:485-740. [PMID: 17941763 DOI: 10.2217/17460751.2.5.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Emmrich
- Congress President Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
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