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de Hoog MLA, Hauser-van Westrhenen ESEM, Winkel AMAM, de Jong MD, van Houten MA, van Lelyveld SFL, Eggink D, Euser S, Duijts L, Wildenbeest JG, Schuurman R, van de Wijgert JHHM, Ieven M, Loens K, van der Velden AW, Bonten MJM, Goossens H, Bruijning-Verhagen PCJL. Impact of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses on illness: Pooled analyses of 11 COVID-19 cohorts. J Infect 2025; 90:106501. [PMID: 40349729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2025] [Accepted: 05/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This individual patient data meta-analysis investigates the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection with or without other respiratory viruses on Acute Respiratory Illness (ARI) occurrence and severity. METHODS We pooled individual participant data from 11 prospective COVID-19 community and healthcare cohorts (2020-2024). A subject's first respiratory sample was tested for SARS-CoV-2 and a panel of respiratory viruses. The association of SARS-CoV-2 single versus viral co-infection with ARI occurrence and severity was analyzed using mixed effects regression. The analysis was repeated for Human Rhinovirus (HRV). RESULTS Of 1606 SARS-CoV-2 positive episodes (1597 subjects), 124 (7.7%) were co-infected with another respiratory virus, the majority with HRV (66.1%). SARS-CoV-2 Co-infection was associated with a lower odds of ARI than SARS-CoV-2 single infection in community cohorts (adjusted (a) OR: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.21-0.71). This association was not observed for ARI severity in healthcare cohorts (aOR: 1.76; 95%CI: 0.67-4.61). Co-infection versus single infection with HRV was associated with higher ARI occurrence and severity in both settings (community: aOR: 1.72 and healthcare: aOR: 6.04). CONCLUSION In community settings, SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with another virus, particularly HRV, attenuates ARI compared to SARS-CoV-2 single infection. The low number of detected co-infections with other viruses, such as influenza or RSV, limits generalizability to other combinations of co-infecting viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke L A de Hoog
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Emma S E M Hauser-van Westrhenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Angelique M A M Winkel
- Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Menno D de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marlies A van Houten
- Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.
| | - Steven F L van Lelyveld
- Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.
| | - Dirk Eggink
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Sjoerd Euser
- Regional Public Health Laboratory Kennemerland, Haarlem, The Netherlands.
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Joanne G Wildenbeest
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Rob Schuurman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Janneke H H M van de Wijgert
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Margareta Ieven
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Katherine Loens
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Alike W van der Velden
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marc J M Bonten
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Herman Goossens
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Patricia C J L Bruijning-Verhagen
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Voulgaridi I, Bogogiannidou Z, Dadouli K, Galanopoulos AP, Kyritsi MA, Vontas A, Matziri A, Kola K, Vachtsioli E, Anagnostopoulos L, Tsispara A, Oikonomou KG, Babalis D, Petinaki E, Tseroni M, Kalala F, Speletas M, Mouchtouri VA, Hadjichristodoulou C. The Clinical Anatomy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Central Greece During October 2020-July 2022. Microorganisms 2024; 12:2573. [PMID: 39770777 PMCID: PMC11678192 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12122573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) during the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates investigation into their clinical differentiation and outcomes. This study aimed to examine these differences among VOCs, considering multiple related factors. An observational cohort study was conducted on patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection via nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab who visited the emergency department of a public Greek hospital between October 2020 and July 2022 during different VOC circulation in the region. Data on clinical manifestations, outcomes, and medical history (comorbidities, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination status against COVID-19) were collected through a questionnaire and medical records for those hospitalized. A total of 913 patients were included in this study (813 adults ≥18 years old, 100 children <18 years old). Significant differences were observed across VOCs for both adults and children. A lower proportion of children developed symptoms during the non-Omicron variants, 73.5%, compared to Omicron variants, 86.4%. Fever, dyspnea, and taste and smell disorders were observed more frequently among non-Omicron adult cases, in contrast to upper respiratory symptoms, which were more common symptoms among Omicron infections. The non-Omicron variants were associated with higher rates of hospitalization at 30.6%, pneumonia at 23.0%, and death at 6.1% compared to Omicron variants at 8.0%, 5.0%, and 1.8%, respectively. Vaccination against COVID-19 was shown to be a protective factor for severe outcomes. Our findings suggest distinct clinical presentations and outcomes associated with different VOCs. Despite the fact that current VOCs circulating are less severe, the COVID-19 vaccine continues to play a protective role for severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Voulgaridi
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Zacharoula Bogogiannidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Katerina Dadouli
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Achilleas P. Galanopoulos
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (F.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria A. Kyritsi
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Alexandros Vontas
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Alexia Matziri
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Konstantina Kola
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Evangelia Vachtsioli
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Lemonia Anagnostopoulos
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Anastasia Tsispara
- Emergency Department, General Hospital of Larissa, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (A.T.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Dimitris Babalis
- Emergency Department, General Hospital of Larissa, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (A.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Efthymia Petinaki
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Maria Tseroni
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece;
| | - Fani Kalala
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (F.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthaios Speletas
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (F.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Varvara A. Mouchtouri
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Christos Hadjichristodoulou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 34 Larissa, Greece; (I.V.); (Z.B.); (K.D.); (A.P.G.); (M.A.K.); (A.V.); (A.M.); (K.K.); (E.V.); (L.A.); (V.A.M.)
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Suwannutsiri T, Arreenich P, Sombuntham P. Prevalence and associated factors of dysphonia in non-hospitalized Thai COVID-19 patients: a descriptive study with Thai-VHI10 Assessment. ASIAN BIOMED 2024; 18:297-302. [PMID: 39697217 PMCID: PMC11650421 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2024-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic first emerged in December 2019 and rapidly spread globally, including Thailand. While respiratory symptoms remain the primary manifestation of the disease, upper respiratory tract symptoms, including dysphonia, have been reported in various studies. Objectives To determine the prevalence of dysphonia in non-hospitalized Thai COVID-19 patients and identify associated factors using the Thai-Voice Handicap Index-10. Methods This study investigates the prevalence of dysphonia and associated factors in non-hospitalized Thai COVID-19 patients. Conducted from September 2022 to February 2023, it enrolled healthcare workers who tested positive for COVID-19 but were not hospitalized. Results Among 82 patients, 53 (64.6%) reported dysphonia, which was significantly associated with cough (P = 0.013) and nasal discharge (P = 0.047). Substantial improvement was observed at the 3-month follow-up (73.6%). Vaccination may serve as a protective factor (crude odds ratio < 1). Conclusion The prevalence of dysphonia among non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Thailand is 63.6%, linked to cough and nasal congestion, with symptoms likely to subside within 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitaree Suwannutsiri
- Taksin Hospital, Medical Service Department, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration,Bangkok10600, Thailand
| | - Peerada Arreenich
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital,Bangkok10330Thailand
| | - Premsuda Sombuntham
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
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Li J, Li J, Cao L, Wang L, Chen X, Niu W, Dang L, Dai S, Wang Y, Ge M, Liu W, Song Q, Xu W, Ma L. Clinical manifestations and long-term symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 omicron infection in children aged 0-17 years in Beijing: a single-center study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1332020. [PMID: 38813546 PMCID: PMC11133534 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1332020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children aged 0-17 years with the Omicron variant, and summarize the persistent symptoms or new-onset clinical manifestations from 4 to 12 weeks after acute COVID. Explore the association between the vaccination status and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels post infection among preschool-aged children. The comprehensive study systematically describes the clinical characteristics of children infected with SARS-CoV-2, providing a foundation for diagnosis and evaluating long-term COVID in pediatric populations. Methods The study enrolled children who were referred to the Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, (Beijing, China) from January 10, 2023 to March 31, 2023. Participants were classified as infant and toddlers, preschool, school-age, and adolescent groups. Children or their legal guardians completed survey questionnaires to provide information of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection history, as well as clinical presentation during the acute phase and long-term symptoms from 4 to 12 weeks following infection. Furthermore, serum samples were collected from children with confirmed history of SARS-CoV-2 infection for serological testing of neutralizing antibodies. Results The study recruited a total of 2,001 children aged 0-17 years who had previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 through nucleic acid or antigen testing. Fever emerged as the predominant clinical manifestation in 1,902 (95.1%) individuals with body temperature ranging from 37.3 to 40.0°C. Respiratory symptoms were identified as secondary clinical manifestations, with cough being the most common symptom in 777 (38.8%) children, followed by sore throat (22.1%), nasal congestion (17.8%), and runnning nose (17.2%). Fatigue (21.6%), headache (19.8%) and muscle-joint pain (13.5%) were frequently reported systemic symptoms in children. The proportion of children with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection varied across age groups. 1,100 (55.0%) children experienced persistent symptoms from 4 to 12 weeks post the acute phase of infection. Trouble concentrating (22.1%), cough (22.1%), and fatigue (12.1%) were frequently reported across age groups in the extended period. A limited number of children exhibited cardiovascular symptoms with chest tightness, tachycardia, and chest pain reported by 3.5%, 2.5%, and 1.8% of children, respectively. Among 472 children aged 3-5 years, 208 children had received two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at least 6 months prior to infection, and no association was found between the incidence of long-term COVID and pre-infection vaccination statuses among the 3-5 years age groups (χ2 = 1.136, P = 0.286). Conclusions In children aged 0-17 years infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, fever was the primary clinical manifestation in the acute phase, followed by respiratory symptoms, systemic non-specific and digestive presentations. In particular, respiratory and digestive system symptoms were more frequent in children aged above 6 years. Regarding the long-term symptoms from 4 to 12 weeks post-infection, the most common presentations were concentrating difficulty, cough, and fatigue. The incidence of persistent symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 did not exhibit a significant correlation with vaccination status, which was attributed to the waning efficacy of the vaccine-induced humoral immune response after 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Respiratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Outpatient Treatment Center, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzhi Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Menglei Ge
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Qinwei Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Gutiérrez-García AG, Contreras CM. Olfactory Epithelium Infection by SARS-CoV-2: Possible Neuroinflammatory Consequences of COVID-19. Complex Psychiatry 2024; 10:59-70. [PMID: 39545135 PMCID: PMC11560153 DOI: 10.1159/000540982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of smell is a typical diagnostic symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This sensorial deprivation may be expressed as quantitative (anosmia or hyposmia) or qualitative (dysosmia) alterations as a consequence of anatomical disturbances of the nasal epithelium structure. The olfactory system sends direct neuronal connections to brain structures that are involved in emotional processing, including deep temporal nuclei. This anatomical and functional feature may be related to the occurrence of emotional disorders among COVID-19 patients. SUMMARY We identify a possible sequence of events, from typical olfactory dysfunction that is associated with COVID-19 and caused by olfactory epithelium damage to disturbances in the quality of life and emotional state of infected patients that is attributable to possible neuroinflammatory processes. Sensorial deprivation causes deleterious actions on mood, negatively affecting quality of life. Olfactory dysfunction that is associated with COVID-19 occurs concurrently with psychological distress, symptoms of anxiety, and depressive disorders and impinges on self-perceived quality of life. KEY MESSAGES Changes in mood are certainly associated with multiple factors, including the environment and isolation, but the observation that the virus may penetrate the central nervous system through the olfactory bulb and the connection between the olfactory system and prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and the amygdala-hippocampus do not allow one to discard neural factors that are involved in the pathophysiology of emotional symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients. Behavioral symptoms of COVID-19 involve local olfactory actions and the participation of central neuronal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G. Gutiérrez-García
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Carlos M. Contreras
- Unidad Periférica-Xalapa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Xalapa, Mexico
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Palladino R, Balsamo F, Mercogliano M, Sorrentino M, Monzani M, Egidio R, Piscitelli A, Borrelli A, Bifulco G, Triassi M. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Positivity on Delivery Outcomes for Pregnant Women between 2020 and 2021: A Single-Center Population-Based Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7709. [PMID: 38137777 PMCID: PMC10744135 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the existing body of evidence, there is still limited knowledge about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 positivity on delivery outcomes. We aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in women who gave birth at the University Hospital "Federico II" of Naples, Italy, between 2020 and 2021. We conducted a retrospective single-center population-based observational study to assess the differences in the caesarean section and preterm labor rates and the length of stay between women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and those who tested negative at the time of labor. We further stratified the analyses considering the time period, dividing them into three-month intervals, and changes in SARS-CoV-2 as the most prevalent variant. The study included 5236 women with 353 positive cases. After vaccination availability, only 4% had undergone a complete vaccination cycle. The Obstetric Comorbidity Index was higher than 0 in 41% of the sample. When compared with negative women, positive ones had 80% increased odds of caesarean section, and it was confirmed by adjusting for the SARS-CoV-2 variant. No significant differences were found in preterm birth risks. The length of stay was 11% higher in positive cases but was not significant after adjusting for the SARS-CoV-2 variant. When considering only positive women in the seventh study period (July-September 2021), they had a 61% decrease in the odds of receiving a caesarean section compared to the fourth (October-December 2020). Guidelines should be implemented to improve the safety and efficiency of the delivery process, considering the transition of SARS-CoV-2 from pandemic to endemic. Furthermore, these guidelines should aim to improve the management of airborne infections in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Palladino
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College School of Public Health, London SW7 2BX, UK
- Interdepartmental Research Center in Healthcare Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Balsamo
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Michelangelo Mercogliano
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Michele Sorrentino
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Marco Monzani
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Rosanna Egidio
- Clinical Directorate, Academic Hospital “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Piscitelli
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale (AORN) Dei Colli, Vincenzo Monaldi Hospital, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Borrelli
- Clinical Directorate, Academic Hospital “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy (M.M.); (M.S.); (M.M.); (G.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center in Healthcare Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Hintschich CA, Wege-Lüssen A, Göktas Ö, Stuck BA, Müller CA, Hummel T. [Persistent olfactory impairment after COVID-19-recommendations of the Working Group on Olfactology and Gustology of the German Society of Oto-rhino-laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery]. HNO 2023; 71:739-743. [PMID: 37801102 PMCID: PMC10589143 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-023-01368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
This article does not intend to comprehensively review the existing literature on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated smell disorders, but aims to summarize scientific evidence for otorhinolaryngological practice and provide recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of persistent smell disorders following COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin A Hintschich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland.
| | | | | | - Boris A Stuck
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Christian A Müller
- Universitätsklinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Riechen und Schmecken, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Deutschland
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Nunziata F, Salomone S, Catzola A, Poeta M, Pagano F, Punzi L, Lo Vecchio A, Guarino A, Bruzzese E. Clinical Presentation and Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Compared to Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Viral Respiratory Infections in Children Less Than Two Years of Age. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030717. [PMID: 36992426 PMCID: PMC10055850 DOI: 10.3390/v15030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the implementation of restrictive measures led to a dramatic reduction in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occurrence together with rare and mild bronchiolitis induced by SARS-CoV-2. We described the respiratory picture of SARS-CoV-2 infection and evaluated the frequency and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 bronchiolitis comparing it with other respiratory viral infections in children less than two years of age. The severity of respiratory involvement was evaluated based on the need for oxygen therapy, intravenous hydration, and the length of hospital stay. A total of 138 children hospitalized for respiratory symptoms were enrolled: 60 with SARS-CoV-2 and 78 with RSV. In the group of SARS-CoV-2-infected children, 13/60 (21%) received a diagnosis of co-infection. Among the enrolled children, 87/138 (63%) received a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. The comparative evaluation showed a higher risk of the need for oxygen therapy and intravenous hydration in children with RSV infection and co-infection compared to children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the children with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis, no differences in the main outcomes among the groups were observed. Although children with SARS-CoV-2 infection have less severe respiratory effects than adults, the pediatrician should pay attention to bronchiolitis due to SARS-CoV-2, which could have a severe clinical course in younger children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nunziata
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Simona Salomone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Catzola
- Pediatric Unit, OORR Area Stabiese, Castellammare di Stabia, 80053 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marco Poeta
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Federica Pagano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Liana Punzi
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Lo Vecchio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Alfredo Guarino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Eugenia Bruzzese
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (F.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.V.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08-1746-3291
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von Bartheld CS, Wang L. Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2023; 12:430. [PMID: 36766771 PMCID: PMC9913864 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review and meta-analysis provide information regarding regional differences in prevalence as well as an estimate of the global prevalence of olfactory dysfunction based on 62 studies reporting information on 626,035 patients infected with the omicron variant. Our estimate of the omicron-induced prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in populations of European ancestry is 11.7%, while it is significantly lower in all other populations, ranging between 1.9% and 4.9%. When ethnic differences and population sizes are considered, the global prevalence of omicron-induced olfactory dysfunction in adults is estimated to be 3.7%. Omicron's effect on olfaction is twofold to tenfold lower than that of the alpha or delta variants according to previous meta-analyses and our analysis of studies that directly compared the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between omicron and previous variants. The profile of the prevalence differences between ethnicities mirrors the results of a recent genome-wide association study that connected a gene locus encoding an odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, to the extent of COVID-19-related loss of smell. Our analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that this enzyme contributes to the observed population differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. von Bartheld
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0352, USA
| | - Lingchen Wang
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0275, USA
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