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Gomindes AR, Adeeko ES, Khatri C, Ahmed I, Sehdev S, Carlos WJ, Ward T, Leverington J, Debenham L, Metcalfe A, Ward J. Use of Virtual Reality in the Education of Orthopaedic Procedures: A Randomised Control Study in Early Validation of a Novel Virtual Reality Simulator. Cureus 2023; 15:e45943. [PMID: 37885489 PMCID: PMC10599600 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Virtual reality (VR) simulation is a potential solution to the barriers surgical trainees are facing. There needs to be validation for its implementation within current training. We aimed to compare VR simulation to traditional methods in acquiring surgical skills for a TFN-ADVANCED™ Proximal Femoral Nailing System (TFNA; DePuy Synthes, Auckland, New Zealand) femoral nailing system. Methods Thirty-one surgical trainees were randomised to two groups: traditional-training group (control group) and a VR-training group (intervention group) for insertion of a short cephalomedullary TFNA nail. Both groups then inserted the same TFNA system into saw-bone femurs. Surveys evaluated validity of the relevant activities, perception of simulation, confidence, stress and anxiety. The primary outcomes were tip-apex distance (TAD) and user anxiety/confidence levels. Secondary outcomes included number of screw- and nail-guidewire insertion attempts, the time taken to complete and user validity of the VR system. Results There was no statistical difference in TAD between the intervention and control groups (9mm vs 15mm, p=0.0734). The only TAD at risk of cut-out was in the control group (25mm). There was no statistical difference in time taken (2547.5ss vs 2395ss, p=0.668), nail guide-wire attempts (two for both groups, p=0.355) and screw guide-wire attempts (one for both groups, p=0.702). The control group versus intervention had higher anxiety levels (50% vs 33%) and had lower confidence (61% vs 84%). Interpretation There was no objective difference in performance on a saw-bone model between groups. However, this VR simulator resulted in more confidence and lower anxiety levels whilst performing a simulated TFNA. Whilst further studies with larger sample sizes and exploration of transfer validity to the operating theatre are required, this study does indicate potential benefits of VR within surgical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin R Gomindes
- School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | | | - Chetan Khatri
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | - Imran Ahmed
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | - Simran Sehdev
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
| | - William John Carlos
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | - Thomas Ward
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | - James Leverington
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | - Luke Debenham
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
| | - Andrew Metcalfe
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Warwick, Warwick, GBR
| | - Jayne Ward
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR
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Dizdarevic S, Abdulla M, Sewedy T, Weston C, Oxley C, Croasdale J, Redman S, Vinjamuri S, Mayes C, Flux G, Ward M, Graham R, Buscombe J. Impact of COVID-19 on nuclear medicine in the UK. Nucl Med Commun 2021; 42:138-149. [PMID: 33346606 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 brought about unprecedented challenges to healthcare, with nuclear medicine (NM) being no exception. The British Nuclear Medicine Society (BNMS) COVID-19 survey assessed the impact of the first wave of pandemic on NM services in the UK. With COVID-19 resurge compounded by seasonal winter pressures, we reflect and share lessons learnt from the first wave of pandemic to guide future strategy. METHODS A questionnaire consisting of 34 questions was sent out to all BNMS members over 2 weeks in May 2020, to evaluate the impact of 'lockdown'. RESULTS One hundred thirty-eight members (92 sites) from a multidisciplinary background responded. There was a 65% reduction across all services; 97.6% of respondents reported some reduction in diagnostic procedures and 71.3% reduction in therapies; 85% worked with a reduced workforce. The North East of England, Greater London and South East and Wessex were most affected by staff absences. The North East reported the highest number of COVID-19 positive staff; London reported the greatest lack of testing. The reported time required to clear the backlog was 1-12 months. Seventy-one percent of participants used BNMS COVID-19 guidance. CONCLUSION The first wave caused a major disruption of NM service delivery and impacted on the workforce. The departmental strategies should tailor services to evolving local and regional differences in prevalence of COVID-19. A blanket shutdown of services with a 'one size fits all' strategy would likely have a severe impact on future delivery of NM and health services in general. Timely testing of staff and patients remains of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Dizdarevic
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Mahdi Abdulla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Taha Sewedy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Charlotte Weston
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Caroline Oxley
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Jilly Croasdale
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Stewart Redman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Sobhan Vinjamuri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Christopher Mayes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Glen Flux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Mike Ward
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - Richard Graham
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, BN2 5BE
| | - John Buscombe
- British Nuclear Medicine Society
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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