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Igarashi A, Hayashi T, Shimizu T, Takeda M, Ishida A, Yuda K, Yuda K, Wajima H, Kobayashi A, Yamagami S. Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in Corneal Endothelial Decompensation After a Forceps-Induced Corneal Birth Injury: Case Series and Technique. Cornea 2024; 43:989-993. [PMID: 37943710 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to describe the efficacy of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients with corneal endothelial decompensation secondary to a forceps-induced corneal birth injury. METHODS This was a retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. Four eyes of 4 patients (1 female and 3 males; mean age, 64.0 ± 4.7 years) with corneal endothelial decompensation due to forceps-induced corneal birth injury were included. DMEK was performed in all cases, using a combined technique, including the use of intraoperative optical coherence tomography, vital staining of Descemet membrane of both host and donor, removal of scarred Descemet membrane with side-port forceps and vitreous cutter to smoothen the posterior corneal surface, epithelial peeling, and illumination for visualization. The examination included preoperative and postoperative ophthalmologic examinations: best-corrected visual acuity (converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR]), intraocular pressure, endothelial cell density (ECD), and central corneal thickness. RESULTS No postoperative complications were noted, and corneal transparency was maintained during follow-up (mean follow-up period, 32.0 ± 27.0 months; range, 3-71 months). The mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.52 ± 0.35 logMAR preoperatively and 0.15 ± 0.09 logMAR at the last visit. The mean postoperative ECD was 1632 ± 631 cells/mm 2 (mean ECD at baseline, 3167 cells/mm 2 ). Central corneal thickness decreased from 640 ± 67 μm preoperatively to 576 ± 58 μm postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that DMEK can be performed uneventfully in eyes with a forceps-induced corneal birth injury. The combination of surgical techniques may be an effective approach for DMEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Igarashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shimizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kikuna Yuda Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; and
| | - Kenji Yuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kikuna Yuda Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; and
| | - Kentaro Yuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kikuna Yuda Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; and
| | - Haguku Wajima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akira Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamagami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
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Parekh M, Ruzza A, Rovati M, Tzamalis A, Romano D, Gupta N, Vaddavalli P, Bhogal M, Jhanji V, Sawant O, Semeraro F, Ponzin D, Jacob S, Dragnea DC, Rodriguez-Calvo-de-Mora M, Dhubhghaill SN, Fogla R, Sharma N, Jurkunas UV, Ferrari S, Romano V. DMEK surgical training: An instructional guide on various wet-lab methods. Surv Ophthalmol 2023; 68:1129-1152. [PMID: 37392969 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a partial-thickness corneal transplantation procedure that involves selective transplantation of the Descemet membrane and endothelium. DMEK offers significant advantages over other keratoplasty techniques, such as faster visual rehabilitation, better final visual acuity due to minimal optical interface effects, lower risk of allograft rejection, and less long-term dependence on topical steroids. Despite all its advantages, DMEK has been found to be more challenging than other corneal transplantation techniques, and its steep learning curve appears to be an obstacle to its widespread use and adoption by corneal surgeons worldwide. DMEK surgical training laboratories (wet labs) provide a window of opportunity for surgeons to learn, prepare, manipulate, and deliver these grafts in a risk-free environment. Wet labs are a significant learning tool, especially for those institutions that have limited tissue availability in their local centers. We provide a step-by-step guide for preparing DMEK grafts using different techniques on human and nonhuman models with instructional videos. This article should eventually help the trainees and the educators understand the requirements for performing DMEK and conducting a DMEK wet lab and develop their skills and interests from a wide variety of available techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Parekh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alessandro Ruzza
- International Center for Ocular Physiopathology, Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus, Venice, Italy
| | - Marco Rovati
- Eye Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Argyrios Tzamalis
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Davide Romano
- Eye Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Cornea, Refractive Surgery and Ocular Surface Disorders, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pravin Vaddavalli
- Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Onkar Sawant
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Vision and Eye Banking Research, Eversight, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Francesco Semeraro
- Eye Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Diego Ponzin
- International Center for Ocular Physiopathology, Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus, Venice, Italy
| | - Soosan Jacob
- Department of Cataract and Glaucoma Services, Dr. Agarwal's Refractive and Cornea Foundation, Chennai, India
| | | | | | | | - Rajesh Fogla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Namrata Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- International Center for Ocular Physiopathology, Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus, Venice, Italy
| | - Vito Romano
- Eye Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Eye Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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Bilateral posterior central corneal steepening with decreased visual acuity. J Cataract Refract Surg 2022; 48:508-512. [PMID: 35318296 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A 40-year-old woman was referred for the assessment of bilateral corneal opacities with gradual visual decline over the course of the past decade. Her past ocular history is significant for bilateral amblyopia and strabismus surgery in both eyes before age 5. The patient's parents were told by her childhood ophthalmologist that she had a hereditary disorder. Her systemic review was significant for anal fissure and human leukocyte antigen-B27 ankylosing spondylitis. Her past ocular record revealed corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 20/80 in both eyes in 2018 with central corneal haze. On presentation, her uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/150 in both eyes. Her CDVA was 20/100 in both eyes with manifest refraction of +0.50 -2.50 × 075 in the right eye and +5.00 -2.25 × 094 in the left eye. Corneal topography reflected keratometry of 35.75/38.97 × 171 in the right eye and 36.45/38.35 × 32 in the left eye. Central corneal thickness was 669 μm and 652 μm, respectively. External slitlamp examination revealed a central faint stromal opacity inferior to the visual axis in the right eye and a central faint stromal opacity in the left eye, and both were associated with steep posterior curvature of the cornea (Figure 1). Further findings included 0.5 corneal haze with mild guttata, normal irides, and clear lenses in both eyes. Intraocular pressure was 23 mm Hg and 26 mm Hg, respectively (Figure 2, Supplemental Figures 1 and 2, http://links.lww.com/JRS/A543). Gonioscopy was unremarkable. Dilated fundus examination revealed a 0.15 cup-to-disc ratio bilaterally, but otherwise no pertinent vitreoretinal pathologies were noted. What is the most likely diagnosis? What medical or surgical interventions would you recommend for this patient? What is the prognosis for this patient?
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An Overview of Intraoperative OCT-Assisted Lamellar Corneal Transplants: A Game Changer? Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030727. [PMID: 35328280 PMCID: PMC8947300 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that gives real-time dynamic feedback on surgical procedures. iOCT was first employed in vitreoretinal surgery, but successively served as a guidance in several anterior segment surgical approaches: keratoplasty, implantable Collamer lens (ICL) implantation, and cataract surgery. Among all of those approaches, the unbeatable features of iOCT are fully exploited in anterior and posterior lamellar keratoplasty, and the purpose of this review is to focus on the advantages and shortfalls of iOCT in these techniques, in order to assess whether this technology could be a real step forward. In deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), iOCT is useful to evaluate the needle depth into the corneal stroma, the big bubble dissection plane, and residual stromal bed, thus aiding the standardization of the technique and the reduction of failures. In Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK), iOCT allowed for clear visibility of fluid at the graft/host interface, allowing for immediate rescue maneuvers and granting the best graft apposition. In Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), iOCT can track the lenticule unfolding in real time and assess graft orientation even in severe hazy corneas, thus optimizing surgical times, as well as avoiding the use of potentially hazardous exterior markers (such as the “S” stamp) and preventing unnecessary manipulation of the graft. Overall, the role of iOCT appeared crucial in several complicated cases, overcoming the difficulties of poor visualization in a fast, non-invasive way, thus raising this approach as possible gold standard for challenging conditions. Further improvements in the technology may enable autonomous centering and tracking, overcoming the current constraint of instrument-induced shadowing.
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Straiko MMW, Odell K, Dye PK, Hikes MT, Andersen A, Trolli G, Tsering DT, Galloway JD, Tran KD. Ink Retention and Endothelial Cell Viability After the Application of an Orientation Stamp Over an Air Bubble During Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Preparation. Cornea 2021; 40:894-898. [PMID: 33369938 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate stamp visibility and endothelial cell loss (ECL) after the application of an orientation mark to Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts supported by an air bubble. METHODS Eighteen DMEK grafts were prepared at an eye bank using a technique where an orientation mark was applied to the stromal surface of a DMEK graft that was supported by a small air bubble placed at the edge of the 2 endothelial surfaces of the graft. Grafts were evaluated at 2 and 5 days for stamp visibility and at 5 days with calcein-AM staining for ECL. Nine grafts underwent cross-country shipping, and the ECL of shipped and nonshipped grafts was compared using unpaired t test. RESULTS All 18 DMEK grafts exhibited a single, solid, readily visible orientation mark 2 and 5 days after preparation with a mean ECL of 13.5% ± 4.9%. Shipping conditions had no effect on stain retention or ECL. CONCLUSIONS The application of an orientation stamp to a DMEK graft over an air bubble in an eye bank setting results in a single, solid orientation mark that is readily visible within the period in which most eye bank-prepared tissue is used. This technique produces no further ECL compared with the methods where the orientation stamp is applied through a stromal window. Eye bank technicians and surgeons can be confident that this modified preparation technique results in transplant-quality DMEK grafts with the additional benefit of conserving the stromal cap for use in other anterior lamellar procedures, thereby making efficient use of donor tissue.
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Srirampur A, Mansoori T. A simplified ex vivo model to learn the correct orientation of Descemet membrane endothelial graft. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:151-152. [PMID: 33323601 PMCID: PMC7926088 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1720_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a simple, endoilluminator-assisted technique, which enables an easy identification of the descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty graft orientation, as well as provides its good visualization in the anterior chamber, during all the steps of surgery in the wet lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Srirampur
- Department of Cornea and Glaucoma, Anand Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Tarannum Mansoori
- Department of Cornea and Glaucoma, Anand Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Kobayashi A, Yokogawa H, Mori N, Nishino T, Sugiyama K. Graft Edge Reflection of a Tightly Scrolled Roll Using Endoillumination as a Simple Method for Determining Graft Orientation in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty. Cornea 2021; 40:254-257. [PMID: 32826645 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a simple finding that can be used to determine donor tissue orientation in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). This involves the appearance of a highly reflective round curved line from an overlapping graft edge within the anterior chamber using light from an endoilluminator. We here name this Kobayashi sign (K-sign). METHODS Twelve consecutive eyes from 12 patients who underwent DMEK were evaluated for the presence of a K-sign. The presence of Berrospi sign (B-sign), a double-line reflection from the peripheral curls of the Descemet membrane (DM) roll that has been reported to be useful for correct graft orientation, was also evaluated. RESULTS Of 12 cases, 3 donors showed a loosely scrolled roll soon after DM donor insertion; all 3 of these showed a positive B-sign only when the endoilluminator was used. Nine donors showed a tightly scrolled DM roll without a B-sign; among these 9 donors, a K-sign was visible in 7 cases only when the endoilluminator was used. The remaining 2 cases with a tight scroll configuration showed no K-sign even with the use of endoillumination, indicating that the roll edge was located completely downward; rotation of the roll using a small jet of fluid from paracentesis revealed K-sign in these cases. CONCLUSIONS This technique is useful for determining the correct orientation of a tightly scrolled DM roll, subsequently enabling rapid DMEK surgery. For loosely scrolled DM roll, endoillumination enhanced B-sing is proven useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
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Nahum Y, Galor O, Atar M, Bahar I, Livny E. Real-time intraoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy for determining graft orientation during Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e96-e100. [PMID: 32578923 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the intraoperative use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) during Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) to determine graft's orientation. METHODS Prospective interventional study of eight eyes of seven patients who underwent DMEK. Following the identification of correct graft orientation using 'Blue cannula tip' sign during DMEK surgery, UBM was used to ascertain graft's orientation. The rate of successful DMEK graft orientation determined by the UBM was registered and verified postoperatively by anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (OCT). Intra- and postoperative complications, postoperative clearance of the cornea, corrected distance visual acuity and endothelial cell loss were also noted. RESULTS The study included five males and two females aged 54-82 years with corneal oedema due to Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n = 5), Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (n = 2). In all cases, the technique allowed proper determination of the graft's orientation. In one case, 'blue cannula tip' sign showed correct orientation while UBM identified an upside-down graft. The graft was inverted in the anterior chamber using fluid jets, and repeat 'blue cannula tip' sign and UBM examination both showed correct orientation. In all cases, postoperative anterior segment-OCT demonstrated correct graft orientation. CONCLUSIONS Use of intraoperative UBM to determine graft orientation during DMEK correlated with proper graft orientation, as was verified postoperatively by anterior segment-OCT. The use of UBM can be particularly helpful in cases of poor graft visibility due to opaque corneal stroma, pigment or blood in the anterior chamber during surgery, or when the blue tint of the graft fades rapidly, which may preclude proper determination of graft's orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Nahum
- Department of Ophthalmology Rabin Medical Center Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Orly Galor
- Department of Ophthalmology Rabin Medical Center Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Maya Atar
- Department of Ophthalmology Rabin Medical Center Petach Tikva Israel
| | - Irit Bahar
- Department of Ophthalmology Rabin Medical Center Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Eitan Livny
- Department of Ophthalmology Rabin Medical Center Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
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Srirampur A. Comment on the Article: Management of Upside-Down Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Case Series. J Curr Ophthalmol 2020; 32:427. [PMID: 33553850 PMCID: PMC7861113 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_173_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Srirampur
- Department of Cornea, Anand Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Bardan AS, Goweida MB, El Goweini HF, Liu CSC. Reply to Letter - Management of Upside-Down Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Case Series. J Curr Ophthalmol 2020; 32:428. [PMID: 33553851 PMCID: PMC7861095 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_230_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shalaby Bardan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Bahgat Goweida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - C S Christopher Liu
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Tongdean Eye Clinic, Hove, Unitrd Kingdom
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Kandemir B, Tanyıldız B, Tutaş Günaydın N, Göktaş E. Comparison of the Success Rate of Two Different Marking Techniques (F-Mark and Asymmetric Triangular Mark) to Orient the Donor Graft During Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2020; 19:1086-1093. [PMID: 32552630 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2019.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of various graft-marking techniques on surgical results in patients undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this single-center retrospective study, 65 eyes from 55 patients that had received various types of marking or no marking and that had been used for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty endothelial graft preparation were included. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the marking technique used: group I (F-marked graft; 17 eyes), group II (asymmetric triangle-marked graft; 12 eyes), and group III (unmarked graft; 36 eyes). The main outcome measurements were best-corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density, central corneal thickness, postoperative complications, rebubbling, and secondary keratoplasty rates. RESULTS In groups I, II, and III, rates of patients with 6-month best-corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/32 were 35.7%, 77.8%, and 71.9%, respectively (P = .04). The mean 6-month endothelial cell density decrease for each group was 43.3%, 48.8%, and 46.4%, respectively (P = .589), whereas the mean 6-month central corneal thickness decrease for each group was 7.7%, 15.8%, and 34.0%, respectively (P = .001). Rates of primary graft failure for groups I, II, and III were 35.3%, 8.3%, and 13.9%, respectively. Rebubbling was performed in 21.5% of eyes, and secondary keratoplasty was required in 29.2% of eyes. CONCLUSIONS Although graft-marking techniques for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty greatly facilitate graft positioning during surgery, both the potential toxic effects of alcohol on the endothelium when marking with gentian violet dye and the risk of graft detachment with asymmetric marking must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baran Kandemir
- >From the University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ross AR, Said DG, Colabelli Gisoldi RAM, Nubile M, El-Amin A, Gabr AF, Abd Ed-Moniem M, Mencucci R, Pocobelli A, Mastropasqua L, Dua HS. Optimizing pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty technique. J Cataract Refract Surg 2020; 46:667-674. [PMID: 32358258 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty (PDEK) is an alternative technique to Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). The preparation of PDEK tissue by pneumatic dissection is simple and reproducible. The PDEK clamp helps to consistently obtain a type 1 big bubble. The mean size of type 1 big bubble is 7.255 ± 0.535 × 6.745 ± 0.668 mm. The volume of air required to obtain type 1 big bubble is 0.14 to 0.37 mL. Dissection of PDEK tissue can be achieved by trephination or manual excision. Insertion of tissue into the recipient eye can be by injection or pulling. Unfolding techniques used for PDEK are similar to those used in DMEK. Unlike DMEK, PDEK tissue is easier to handle and unscroll and allows use of younger donors. It could help surgeons converting to endothelial keratoplasty, with significant advantages in preparation, handling, and unscrolling in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Ross
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and Section of Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham (Ross, Said, Dua), Nottingham, United Kingdom; Department of Ophthalmology, Aswan University (Ross, El-Amin, Gabr, Moniem), Aswan, Egypt; Hospital San Giovanni Addolorata (Colabelli Gisoldi, Pocobelli), Rome, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Ophthalmic Clinic, National High Technology Eye Center, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti (Nubile, Mastropasqua), Pescara, Department of Oto-Neuro-Ophthalmological Surgical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Florence (Mencucci), Florence, Italy
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Sharma N, Sahay P, Maharana PK, Kumar P, Ahsan S, Titiyal JS. Microscope Integrated Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided DMEK in Corneas with Poor Visualization. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:643-651. [PMID: 32184553 PMCID: PMC7060773 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s230195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the utility of microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (Mi-OCT) for performing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in corneas with poor visualization. METHODS It is a prospective interventional case series that included 25 consecutive cases of corneal decompensation with poor visualization that underwent Mi-OCT-guided DMEK at a tertiary eye care centre. The main outcome measures were graft attachment on day 3 and requirement for re-bubbling. RESULTS The etiology for corneal decompensation was pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n=17), Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (n=4), failed graft (n=2), iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (n=1) and failed Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (n=1). Complete graft attachment was noted in 72% of cases. Graft detachment was noted in 16% of cases which required re-bubbling. No intervention was done for shallow peripheral detachment (n=2) and peripheral Descemet membrane (DM) fold (n=1). All grafts were attached at six-months follow-up. The mean corrected distance visual acuity and central corneal thickness improved from 1.4 ± 0.5 logMAR and 799.6 ± 110.9 µm at baseline to 0.3 ± 0.3 logMAR and 536.28 ± 11.44 um at six months. Mi-OCT was helpful in visualizing areas of peripheral anterior synechiae, missing DM, retained DM tags after descemetorhexis, DMEK roll configuration and orientation in the injector and anterior chamber, interface fluid and peripheral folds in the DMEK graft. CONCLUSION Mi-OCT helps in identification of the anatomy and dynamics of the host DM, DM roll and anterior chamber in cases with poor visualization and is a useful tool while performing DMEK in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Sharma
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranita Sahay
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prafulla K Maharana
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Ahsan
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeewan S Titiyal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Visual Outcome of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty during the Learning Curve in Initial Fifty Cases. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:5921846. [PMID: 31007951 PMCID: PMC6441507 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5921846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the first fifty patients who underwent Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) during the 3-month postoperative period and to describe the challenges encountered during the learning curve. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the charts of patients who underwent DMEK. All information regarding patient demographics, indication for surgery, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity at 3 months, donor age, and complications encountered intraoperatively and postoperatively was recorded. Donor endothelial cell count at the time of surgery and during the 3-month follow-up was noted. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Fifty eyes of 49 patients were included in the study with majority being female patients (male : female = 2 : 3). Mean age of patients was 56.8 ± 11.4 years with the age range of 22–78 years. The common indications for DMEK were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy –57.1%, Fuchs endothelial dystrophy-34.7%, failed grafts-6.1% (Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) and failed penetrating keratoplasty), and others. Preoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was <20/400 in 88% cases. Postoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 3 months was >20/63 in 41.8% of the cases, and 93% had visual acuity of 20/200 or better. Donor size was 8 mm, and average donor endothelial cell count (ECC) was 2919 ± 253 cells/mm2. Average ECC at 3 months postoperatively was 1750 ± 664 cells/mm2, which showed a 40% decrease in ECC. The most common encountered complication was graft detachment, which occurred in 16% cases for which rebubbling was done. Regular follow-up and timely identification of graft detachment may prevent the need for retransplantation.
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Double-Line Reflection Pattern as a Simple Method to Determine Graft Orientation of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty. Cornea 2019; 38:768-771. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE To compare surgeon experience and the outcomes of phacoemulsification using 2 different illumination techniques for cataract extraction. METHODS A prospective interventional case series was performed on 20 consecutive patients (20 eyes) with senile cataract who underwent phacoemulsification enhanced with a 23-G endoillumination probe. The main outcome measures were the surgeon's perception of depth of field and quality of visibility of intraocular structures, ease of performance of the surgical procedure, effectiveness, and complications related to the procedure. A surgeon-specific questionnaire was administered at the end of the procedure. RESULTS Surgery was successfully performed in all patients without any complications. The surgeon indicated that lateral endoillumination markedly enhanced the details of the lens structures, mainly the posterior capsule visualization, better than the coaxial lighting with the surgical microscope. Lateral endoillumination created an enhanced 3D effect and improved the depth perception of lens intraoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The lateral illumination technique with a 23-G endoilluminator probe placed in the anterior chamber through a paracentesis creates an enhanced 3D effect and improves depth perception of lens during phacoemulsification. These benefits increase the safety of the procedure.
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“Ghost DMEK” Technique: Circular Peripheral Staining of Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts. Cornea 2018; 38:252-255. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Minimizing Endothelial Cell Loss Caused by Orientation Stamps on Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts. Cornea 2018; 38:233-237. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kobayashi A, Yokogawa H, Mori N, Masaki T, Sugiyama K. Development of a Donor Tissue Holding Technique for Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Using a 25-Gauge Graft Manipulator. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2018; 9:431-438. [PMID: 30483107 PMCID: PMC6244111 DOI: 10.1159/000493571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a modified surgical technique called the “donor tissue holding technique for Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK)” using a newly developed 25-gauge graft manipulator. Methods Six consecutive patients exhibiting endothelial dysfunction were enrolled and treated by DMEK. In brief, after insertion of a DMEK donor into the anterior chamber, the edge of the roll was grasped using a graft manipulator and this grasp was maintained throughout the centering and opening of the roll (holding technique). The following parameters were evaluated in comparison to the previous 10 consecutive DMEK cases in which the no touch technique was used: time of graft unfolding, incidence of intra-/postoperative complications, and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and endothelial cell density (ECD) 6 months after the procedure. Results In both technique groups, neither intra- nor postoperative complications were noted in any case. No differences were observed between the two groups in postoperative BCVA (p = 0.88). Also, no differences were observed between the two groups in postoperative ECD (holding technique group: 2,108.3 cells/mm2, no touch technique group: 1,491.7 cells/mm2) (p = 0.08) Most notably, the time of graft unfolding prior to filling with air was significantly reduced in the holding technique group (305.5 s) compared to that of the no touch technique group (1,310.0 s; p = 0.01). Conclusions This donor tissue holding technique enabled rapid and safe DMEK in a reproducible manner, even in Asian eyes with shallow anterior chambers with high vitreous pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yokogawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Natsuko Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshinori Masaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sugiyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
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Mohammed I, Ross AR, Britton JO, Said DG, Dua HS. Elastin Content and Distribution in Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissue Determines Direction of Scrolling. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 194:16-25. [PMID: 30026084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty (PDEK) tissues always scroll with the endothelial cells (EC) outside. We designed a study to understand the reason for this behavior. DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS Elastin content in Descemet membrane (DM), pre-Descemet layer (PDL), central and peripheral stroma, sclera, and trabecular meshwork were measured by the Fastin elastin assay kit. Distribution of elastin in DM, PDL, and anterior lens capsule (ALC) were examined by immunohistology. The effect of recombinant elastase enzyme and the effect of complete removal of EC and epithelial cells on the scrolling of DM and ALC, respectively, were studied. RESULTS PDL showed the highest elastin content among the different tissues studied. Elastin localized as a distinct anterior band in the DM and was uniformly distributed in the PDL demarcating the latter from corneal stroma. Enzymatic treatment of DM with elastase reversed scrolling and corresponded with degradation or disappearance of elastin. Removal of EC did not affect the direction of scrolling. ALC behaved in the same manner with regard to distribution of elastin, scrolling, and removal of epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS This pattern of elastin distribution in DM explains why DMEK and PDEK tissues always scroll with the EC outside. This behavior is not influenced by the EC. High elastin content and uniform distribution in the PDL suggest a structural difference from the posterior stroma.
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Jacob S. Use of Pressurized Air Infusion For Pre Descemet's Endothelial Keratoplasty (PDEK) - The Air Pump Assisted PDEK Technique. Open Ophthalmol J 2018; 12:175-180. [PMID: 30123382 PMCID: PMC6062895 DOI: 10.2174/1874364101812010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the advantages offered by the air pump assisted PDEK technique that utilizes pressurized Anterior Chamber (AC) air infusion. Methods: Pressurized air infusion was provided through an anterior chamber maintainer connected to the fluid air exchange system of a posterior vitrectomy machine during surgery. Results: Pressurized air infusion within the AC helped perform Descemetorhexis, prevented bleeding during Peripheral Iridectomy (PI) and synechiolysis, prevented oozing of blood from peripheral corneal neovascularization into the AC and thus helped maintain a non-fibrinous AC environment. In addition, it helped in precise graft manipulation, centration, edge unfolding and unwrinkling after it was floated against the stroma as well as faster graft adhesion. It also prevented AC depth fluctuations during intra-cameral maneuvers and prevented intra-operative as well as post-operative graft detachment. Conclusions: This technique makes several steps of surgery easier and improves graft adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Jacob
- Agarwal's Refractive and Cornea Foundation,Chennai,India.,Agarwal's Eye Hospital,Chennai,India
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Maharana PK, Sahay P, Singhal D, Garg I, Titiyal JS, Sharma N. Component corneal surgery: An update. Indian J Ophthalmol 2017; 65:658-672. [PMID: 28820150 PMCID: PMC5598175 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_582_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several decades ago, penetrating keratoplasty was a challenge to corneal surgeons. Constant effort by the corneal surgeon to improve the outcomes as well as utilization of the available resources has led to a revolutionary change in the field of keratoplasty. All these efforts have led to the evolution of techniques that allow a corneal surgeon to disease-specific transplant of individual layers of corneal “so-called component corneal surgery” depending on the layer of cornea affected. This has led to an improvement in corneal graft survival as well as a better utilization of corneal tissues. This article reviews the currently available literature on component corneal surgeries and provides an update on the available techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafulla K Maharana
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranita Sahay
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Singhal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Itika Garg
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeewan S Titiyal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Namrata Sharma
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Intrascleral sutureless intraocular lens (IOL) fixation utilizes direct haptic fixation within the sclera in eyes with deficient capsular support. This has advantages of long-term stability, good control of tilt and decentration, and lesser pseudophakodonesis. This review summarizes various techniques for intrascleral haptic fixation, results, complications, adaptations in special situations, modifications of the technique, combination surgeries, and intrascleral capsular bag fixation techniques (glued capsular hook).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Jacob
- Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital and Eye Research Centre, Chennai, India
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a simple technique that uses posterior chandelier illumination during Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty in cases of severe bullous keratopathy (BK). METHODS Five eyes of 4 patients with advanced BK undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty were retrospectively analyzed. The pupil of the host eye was not treated with mydriatic or miotic agents. The chandelier illuminator was inserted transconjunctivally into the vitreous cavity from the pars plana. RESULTS In all eyes, BK was secondary to laser iridotomy, which was performed for prevention or treatment of angle closure glaucoma. The implanted graft was clearly confirmed in the anterior chamber using activated chandelier illumination. The graft was immediately attached to the host cornea, with eventual healing of BK in all eyes. No complication involving insertion or removal of the 25-gauge trocar and the chandelier illuminator was observed. No vision-threatening complication was observed in any of the 5 eyes. CONCLUSIONS The chandelier illuminator provided good visibility of the anterior chamber and enhanced the safety of surgery by preventing formation of an inverted graft.
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Abstract
Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) has supplanted the penetrating keratoplasty procedure for corneal endothelial disorders. A review of literature on pre-descemet's EK, that is, a latest iterant in EK is described along with our experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Narang
- Narang Eye Care and Laser Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Amar Agarwal
- Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Air Pump-Assisted Graft Centration, Graft Edge Unfolding, and Graft Uncreasing in Young Donor Graft Pre-Descemet Endothelial Keratoplasty. Cornea 2017; 36:1009-1013. [PMID: 28481833 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess an air pump-assisted technique for graft centration, graft edge unfolding, and graft uncreasing while performing pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty (PDEK) using young donor grafts. METHODS Continuous pressurized air infusion was used for graft centration, graft edge unfolding, and graft unwrinkling. RESULTS Ten eyes of 10 patients underwent PDEK with donors aged below 40 years. In all eyes, the donor scrolled into tight scrolls. In all cases, the air pump-assisted technique was effective in positioning and centering the graft accurately and in straightening infolded graft edges and smoothing out graft creases and wrinkles. Endothelial cell loss was 38.6%. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity at 6 months was 0.66 ± 0.25 in decimal equivalent. Continuous pressurized air infusion acted as a third hand providing a continuous pressure head that supported the graft and prevented graft dislocation as well as anterior chamber collapse during intraocular maneuvering. Adequate maneuvering space was available in all cases, and bleeding, if any, was tamponaded successfully in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Although very young donor grafts may be used for PDEK, they are difficult to center and unroll completely before floating against host stroma. An air pump-assisted technique using continuous pressurized air infusion allows successful final graft positioning even with very young donor corneas. It thus makes surgery easier as several key steps are made easier to handle. It additionally helps in tamponading hemorrhage during peripheral iridectomy, increasing surgical space, preventing fluctuations in the anterior chamber depth, and promoting graft adherence.
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Endothelial keratoplasty: is Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty the Holy Grail of lamellar surgery? No. Eye (Lond) 2017; 31:1333-1336. [PMID: 28430178 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Intraoperative S-Stamp Enabled Rescue of 3 Inverted Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts. Cornea 2017; 36:661-664. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Glued Intrascleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens With Pupilloplasty and Pre-Descemet Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Triple Procedure. Cornea 2016; 34:1627-31. [PMID: 26509762 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a surgical approach of glue-assisted intrascleral fixation of an intraocular lens (IOL) with pupilloplasty and pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty as a single-stage procedure. METHODS Glue-assisted intrascleral fixation of an IOL is performed initially because it helps to secure the IOL fixation, followed by pupilloplasty that imparts stability to the anterior chamber and prevents air diversion into the vitreous cavity, thereby facilitating the pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty procedure that is performed to complete the surgical repair. RESULTS The procedure was performed in 5 eyes of 5 patients, and the donor age ranged from 9 months to 65 years. There was a significant change in the uncorrected (P = 0.034) and corrected (P = 0.043) distance visual acuities in the postoperative period. The mean graft size was 7.6 ± 0.4 mm (range, 7-8 mm). The mean preoperative and postoperative specular endothelial counts were 2788 ± 204 cells per square millimeter and 1898 ± 90 cells per square millimeter, respectively. No incidence of primary graft failure or graft rejection during the entire follow-up period was reported in any of the eyes. CONCLUSIONS The combined procedure serves as an effective method in select cases of endothelial decompensation that require a secondary IOL implantation or an IOL exchange with good postoperative results.
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Stamping an S on DMEK Donor Tissue to Prevent Upside-Down Grafts: Laboratory Validation and Detailed Preparation Technique Description. Cornea 2016; 34:1175-8. [PMID: 26147839 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000000522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report endothelial cell loss (ECL) caused by a novel S-stamp preparation technique for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). METHODS Six cadaveric human corneas were prepared for DMEK transplantation using a single standardized technique, including the application of a dry ink gentian violet S-stamp to the stromal side of Descemet membrane. Endothelial cell death was evaluated and quantified using computerized analysis of vital dye staining. RESULTS ECL caused by the S-stamp was 0.6% (range 0.1%-1.0%), which comprised less than one-tenth of the total ECL caused by our preparation of the DMEK graft from the start to finish, including recovery, prestripping, S-stamping, and trephination (13.7% total ECL, range 9.9%-17.6%). CONCLUSIONS Our novel S-stamp donor tissue preparation technique is intuitive to learn and holds the promise of preventing iatrogenic primary graft failure due to upside-down grafts without causing unacceptable increases in ECL.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the outcomes and feasibility of the use of infant donor tissue (<1 year) in pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty (PDEK). METHODS Three eyes of 3 patients with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy underwent the procedure in this single-center, prospective interventional series. Diseased Descemet membrane of the recipient cornea was replaced with the pre-Descemet layer-Descemet membrane-endothelium complex stripped from the infant donor cornea (9-12 months old) with the creation of a type 1 bubble. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density, endothelial cell loss, and ease and predictability of the donor lenticule preparation. RESULTS In the postoperative period, there was improvement in the visual acuity in all the patients. The mean donor endothelial cell density was 3073 ± 68 cells per square millimeter, and the mean postoperative specular count at 6 months was 2230 ± 43 cells per square millimeter. The mean percentage loss of endothelial cells at 6 months was 27 ± 2%. The mean coefficient of variation was 36 ± 5.2%. The mean central corneal thickness measured at a 6-month postoperative period was 515 ± 7 μm. No incidence of tissue loss during graft preparation, graft dislocation, or graft failure was reported. The mean graft thickness as measured with optical coherence tomography on the first postoperative day was 35 ± 3 μm. CONCLUSIONS PDEK using an infant cornea provided an effective means of restoring optical clarity with good visual outcomes. The infant cornea can be a reliable source of donor tissue for the PDEK procedure, and no difficulties were noted in the donor lenticule preparation, insertion of the donor graft, or air bubble management.
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Yin J, Veldman PB. Endothelial Keratoplasty: Descemet's Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty Versus Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2016; 56:167-183. [PMID: 27257730 DOI: 10.1097/iio.0000000000000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Veldman PB, Dye PK, Holiman JD, Mayko ZM, Sáles CS, Straiko MD, Galloway JD, Terry MA. The S-stamp in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Safely Eliminates Upside-down Graft Implantation. Ophthalmology 2016; 123:161-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Jacob S, Agarwal A, Kumar DA. Endoilluminator-assisted Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty and endoilluminator-assisted pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty. Clin Ophthalmol 2015; 9:2123-5. [PMID: 26604677 PMCID: PMC4655954 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s95282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Jacob
- Dr Agarwal's Eye Hospital and Eye Research Centre, Chennai, India ; Dr Agarwal's Refractive and Cornea Foundation (DARCF), Chennai, India
| | - Amar Agarwal
- Dr Agarwal's Eye Hospital and Eye Research Centre, Chennai, India
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Ang M, Wilkins MR, Mehta JS, Tan D. Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty. Br J Ophthalmol 2015; 100:15-21. [PMID: 25990654 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-306837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) allows for selective replacement of damaged endothelial cells, using only donor Descemet's membrane with endothelium. However, early adoption by corneal surgeons has been limited (illustrated by graft registry reports: 0.7% all corneal transplants in the USA; 0.4% in Australia for 2011) due to challenges in donor preparation and surgical technique. Recently, innovative donor preparation techniques may improve availability of pre-stripped DMEK donors from eye banks. The refinement of donor insertion and manipulation techniques has also improved outcomes and reduced graft detachment rates-still, the most common postoperative complication following DMEK. Randomised studies are needed to compare clinical practices and surgeon preferences, such as intraoperative use of long-acting gas, early versus late intervention of graft detachments and postoperative steroid management. A review of current literature reveals that most publications to date are reports from similar study cohorts by surgeons who pioneered and advocate this technique. Thus, more long-term clinical studies in other tertiary centres are required in order to confirm if the purported advantages of DMEK such as improved visual outcomes and reduced graft rejection are replicable among most corneal surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Ang
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore Duke, NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donald Tan
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore Duke, NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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