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Froz MJDL, Barros LDSP, de Jesus ENS, Tavares MS, Mourão RHV, Silva RC, de Lima AB, da Silva PIC, Freitas JJS, Setzer WN, da Silva JKR, Negrão JNC, Figueiredo PLB. Lippia alba essential oil: A powerful and valuable antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory medicinal plant from Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118459. [PMID: 38897034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Brazilian popular medicine, Lippia alba leaves are used in teas to treat pain and inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY to evaluate the chemical composition, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of Lippia alba essential oil and its major compound geraniol. MATERIAL AND METHODS Lippia alba leaves were collected in Pará state, Brazil. The leaf essential oil was obtained using a modified Clevenger-type extractor. Then, the oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS analyses. To evaluate the toxicity of LaEO and geraniol, the doses of 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg were used in a mouse model. For antinociception tests, abdominal contortion, hot plate, and formalin tests were used; all groups were treated with LaEO and geraniol at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg; and to evaluate inflammation using the ear edema model. RESULTS The constituents identified in the highest content were oxygenated monoterpenes: geraniol (37.5%), geranial (6.7%) and neral (3.8%). The animals treated with LaEO and geraniol demonstrated atypical behaviors with aspects of lethargy and drowsiness, characteristics of animals in a state of sedation; the relative weights showed no significant difference compared to the controls. In the abdominal contortion test, LaEO at 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg doses, and 100 mg/kg reduced the number of contortions, representing a percentage reduction of 84.64%, 81.23%, and 66.21% respectively. In the hot plate test, LaEO and geraniol increased the latency time at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg in all test periods; there was no statistical difference between LaEO and geraniol. In the first phase of the formalin test, only doses of 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of LaEO showed significant activity, reducing the latency time by 53.40% and 58.90%. LaEO at doses of 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg reduced the size of the edema, demonstrating an anti-inflammatory activity of 59.38% (25 mg/kg) and 50% (100 mg/kg). CONCLUSION Lippia alba essential oil and geraniol showed central/peripheral analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential and can be used as an alternative or complementary treatment to conventional drugs. More studies are needed to evaluate its action mechanisms and its analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Juliana da L Froz
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Luana de Souza P Barros
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Ellen Nayara S de Jesus
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Mateus S Tavares
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil.
| | - Rosa Helena V Mourão
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, 68035-110, Brazil.
| | - Renata Cunha Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil.
| | - Anderson B de Lima
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Iuri C da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil.
| | - Jofre Jacob S Freitas
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil.
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT, 84043, USA.
| | - Joyce Kelly R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-900, Brazil.
| | - José Nazareno Cunha Negrão
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
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Veras BOD, Felix RF, Moura GMDM, Navarro DMDAF, Aguiar JCRDOFD, Wanderley AG, Silva MVD, Correia MTDS. Essential oil of Eugenia stictopetala Mart. ex DC. has antioxidant, antibacterial, and gastrointestinal protective effect. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38635349 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2342556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, antibacterial activity, and intestinal and gastric protective effects, in addition to the acute toxicity of the essential oil of E. stictopetala (EOEs). (E)-caryophyllene (18.01%), β-pinene (8.84%), and (E)-nerolidol (8.24%), were the components found in higher content in the essential oil. The EOEs showed antioxidant capacity with IC50 values ranging from 220.28 to 283.67 μg/mL, in addition to presenting antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes. The essential oil showed a gastroprotective effect, with a reduction in the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, having multiple pharmacological mechanisms of action. An antidiarrheal effect of EOEs was observed in the castor oil-induced diarrheal model, with reduced intestinal motility. Our findings demonstrate that essential oil can be beneficial in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications for treating gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Biotechnology - RENORBIO, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rianne Ferreira Felix
- Post-graduation in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Naskar A, Dasgupta A, Basak G, Acharya K. Antioxidative and Antibacterial Hydro-Ethanolic Fraction from an Asian Edible Mushroom Lentinus sajor-caju (Agaricomycetes) Suppresses Inflammatory Responses by Downregulating COX-2 and iNOS Expression. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:1-15. [PMID: 38305258 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023051138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Mushrooms are prevalently important sources of pharmaceutically active metabolites. Various mushroom species belonging to the Lentinus genus are recognized for their nutritional and therapeutic properties. One such species is L. sajor-caju, which is renowned in Southeast Asian nations for its culinary value. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the potential medicinal properties of L. sajor-caju, specifically its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. A hydroethanolic extract was formulated using dried basidiocarps, which exhibited a high phenolic content of approximately 14% and a flavonoid content of approximately 2.7%. The extract demonstrated significant antioxidant potential in in vitro reactions. The extract is sufficiently capable of scavenging free radicals (DPPH and ABTS) and chelate Fe2+ with EC50 values spanning from 186 to 390 μg/mL. In addition, considerable antimicrobial activity against tested pathogenic microorganisms was observed, as indicated by low MIC50 values (256-358 μg/mL). Moreover, the fraction was found to prevent heat-induced protein denaturation which signifies its anti-inflammatory potential. When tested on the RAW 264.7 cell line, reduction in the nitrite production, and downregulation of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA expression was observed which are the key regulator of inflammatory signalling systems. The study, therefore, recommends the use of L. sajor-caju in the medical and pharmaceutical industries for the benefit of humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Naskar
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Adhiraj Dasgupta
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Gouri Basak
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
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da Silva PR, Apolinário NDM, da Silva SÂS, Araruna MEC, Costa TB, e Silva YMSDM, da Silva TG, de Moura RO, dos Santos VL. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide Derivative via sGC-NO/Cytokine Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1415. [PMID: 37895886 PMCID: PMC10610422 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-acylhydrazone function has been reported as a pharmacophore group of molecules with diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of the compound N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide (JR19) in vivo. The study started with the carrageenan-induced peritonitis model, followed by an investigation of leukocyte migration using the subcutaneous air pouch test and an assessment of the antinociceptive profile using formalin-induced pain. A preliminary molecular docking study focusing on the crystallographic structures of NFκB, iNOS, and sGC was performed to determine the likely mechanism of action. The computational study revealed satisfactory interaction energies with the selected targets, and the same peritonitis model was used to validate the involvement of the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine expression in the peritoneal exudate of mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue. In the peritonitis assay, JR19 (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration by 59% and 52%, respectively, compared to the vehicle group, with the 10 mg/kg dose used in subsequent assays. In the subcutaneous air pouch assay, the reduction in cell migration was 66%, and the response to intraplantar formalin was reduced by 39%, particularly during the inflammatory phase, suggesting that the compound lacks central analgesic activity. In addition, a reversal of the anti-inflammatory effect was observed in mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue, indicating the involvement of iNOS and sGC in the anti-inflammatory response of JR19. The compound effectively and significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, and IFN-γ, and this effect was reversed in animals pretreated with L-NAME, supporting a NO-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. In contrast, pretreatment with methylene blue only reversed the reduction in TNF-α levels. Therefore, these results demonstrate the pharmacological potential of the novel N-acylhydrazone derivative, which acts through the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine signaling, making it a strong candidate as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Nadjaele de Melo Apolinário
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Simone Ângela Soares da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Thássia Borges Costa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Yvnni M. S. de Medeiros e Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-520, PE, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Vanda Lucia dos Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
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Raus de Baviera D, Ruiz-Canales A, Barrajón-Catalán E. Cistus albidus L.-Review of a Traditional Mediterranean Medicinal Plant with Pharmacological Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2988. [PMID: 37631199 PMCID: PMC10458491 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Cistus albidus L. (Cistaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been used therapeutically since ancient times in the Mediterranean basin for its important pharmacological properties. The ability of C. albidus to produce large quantities of a wide range of natural metabolites makes it an attractive source of raw material. The main constituents with bioactive functions that exert pharmacological effects are terpenes and polyphenols, with more than 200 identified compounds. The purpose of this review is to offer a detailed account of the botanical, ethnological, phytochemical, and pharmacological characteristics of C. albidus with the aim of encouraging additional pharmaceutical investigations into the potential therapeutic benefits of this medicinal plant. This review was carried out using organized searches of the available literature up to July 2023. A detailed analysis of C. albidus confirms its traditional use as a medicinal plant. The outcome of several studies suggests a deeper involvement of certain polyphenols and terpenes in multiple mechanisms such as inflammation and pain, with a potential application focus on neurodegenerative diseases and disorders. Other diseases such as prostate cancer and leukemia have already been researched with promising results for this plant, for which no intoxication has been reported in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Raus de Baviera
- Department of Engineering, Area of Agroforestry, Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (D.R.d.B.); (A.R.-C.)
| | - Antonio Ruiz-Canales
- Department of Engineering, Area of Agroforestry, Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (D.R.d.B.); (A.R.-C.)
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Elche University Hospital-FISABIO, 03203 Elche, Spain
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Ladeira GDA, Acácio TM, Rodrigues FF, Amorim JM, Cosenza GP, de Paiva MJN, Machado RR, Castilho RO. Chemical characterization, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Lippia lacunosa, a species used by the Bandeirantes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116473. [PMID: 37059251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lippia lacunosa Mart. & Schauer is an endemic plant from the Serra do Espinhaço mountain range located on the Atlantic plateau, Brazil. It is known as "chá de pedestre" and "rosmaninho" in folk medicine. This species has a characteristic mango aroma and is widely used by the population for flu, colds, sinus infections, coughing, relaxing baths, and foot baths after long walks. It is often confused with and, therefore, used interchangeably with L. rotundifolia and L. pseudothea. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to increase scientific knowledge on the ethnopharmacological use of Lippia lacunosa through the evaluation of the micromolecular composition and anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the hexane and ethanolic extracts, essential oil, and fractions in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical profile of L. lacunosa extracts and fractions were obtained by chromatographic methods such as Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC), Column Chromatography (CC), and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Carrageenan-induced paw edema was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity in mice. Mechanical allodynia induced by carrageenan and hot plate tests were employed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity. RESULTS The main constituents found in the essential oil were the monoterpenes myrcene (13.81%), linalool (6.84%), ipsenone (21.2%), and myrcenone (25.44%); and sesquiterpenes elemol (7.30%) and spathulenol (3.15%). The chromatograph fractionation of essential oil yielded a fraction rich in the main compounds (F33), ipsenone and mircenone. In experimental models of paw edema and mechanical allodynia induced by carrageenan (600 μg, 30 μL, i.pl.), the administration of hexane extract, essential oil (50 or 100 mg/kg, p.o.) or majority fraction (10 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced paw edema. The ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg) reduced mechanical allodynia only in the 2 nd h of evaluation. On the other hand, the hexane extract (50 or 100 mg/kg) and essential oil (100 mg/kg), as well as the majority fraction (10 mg/kg), reduced mechanical allodynia throughout the evaluation period. The hexane extract, essential oil, and majority fraction F33 also reduced the heat-induced nociceptive response. Also, majority fraction F33 did not affect the time mice spent in the rota-rod apparatus. CONCLUSIONS The elucidation of the composition of the essential oil and the demonstration of the activity of L. lacunosa in experimental models of acute inflammation and also in models of nociceptive and inflammatory pain can help to increase knowledge on the ancient ethnopharmacological use by the Bandeirantes, aiming at the evaluation of the species as a candidate for herbal medicine or phytopharmaceutical in the treatment of patients with inflammatory and painful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizzelle Delfino Araújo Ladeira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thais Magalhães Acácio
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fernandes Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mendes Amorim
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Pereira Cosenza
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Jose Nunes de Paiva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renes Resende Machado
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rachel Oliveira Castilho
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia - Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Consórcio Acadêmico Brasileiro de Saúde Integrativa, CABSIN, Brazil.
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de Sousa DP, Damasceno ROS, Amorati R, Elshabrawy HA, de Castro RD, Bezerra DP, Nunes VRV, Gomes RC, Lima TC. Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1144. [PMID: 37509180 PMCID: PMC10377445 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the main mechanisms of pharmacological action of essential oils and their components in various biological systems. A brief introduction on essential oil chemistry is presented to better understand the relationship of chemical aspects with the bioactivity of these products. Next, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities are discussed. The mechanisms of action against various types of viruses are also addressed. The data show that the multiplicity of pharmacological properties of essential oils occurs due to the chemical diversity in their composition and their ability to interfere with biological processes at cellular and multicellular levels via interaction with various biological targets. Therefore, these natural products can be a promising source for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damião P de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Renan Oliveira S Damasceno
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Hatem A Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
| | - Ricardo D de Castro
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Vitória Regina V Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Rebeca C Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tamires C Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Brazil
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8
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da Silva WF, dos Santos Niculau E, de Oliveira DAB, de Assis MWV, Oliveira MN. Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization and Computational studies of Plectranthus ornatus Codd Essential Oil/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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9
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Lipińska MM, Haliński ŁP, Gołębiowski M, Kowalkowska AK. Active Compounds with Medicinal Potential Found in Maxillariinae Benth. (Orchidaceae Juss.) Representatives-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:739. [PMID: 36614181 PMCID: PMC9821772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Orchids are widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of a whole range of different health conditions, and representatives of the Neotropical subtribe Maxillariinae are not an exception. They are utilized, for instance, for their spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory activities. In this work, we analyze the literature concerning the chemical composition of the plant extracts and secretions of this subtribe's representatives published between 1991 and 2022. Maxillariinae is one of the biggest taxa within the orchid family; however, to date, only 19 species have been investigated in this regard and, as we report, they produce 62 semiochemicals of medical potential. The presented review is the first summary of biologically active compounds found in Maxillariinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika M. Lipińska
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Foundation Polish Orchid Association, 81-825 Sopot, Poland
| | - Łukasz P. Haliński
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Gołębiowski
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka K. Kowalkowska
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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10
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Liu Y, Yan H, Yu B, He J, Mao X, Yu J, Zheng P, Huang Z, Luo Y, Luo J, Wu A, Chen D. Protective Effects of Natural Antioxidants on Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Thymol and Its Pharmacological Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101947. [PMID: 36290669 PMCID: PMC9598597 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a gastrointestinal disease that involves chronic mucosal or submucosal lesions that affect tissue integrity. Although IBD is not life-threatening, it sometimes causes severe complications, such as colon cancer. The exact etiology of IBD remains unclear, but several risk factors, such as pathogen infection, stress, diet, age, and genetics, have been involved in the occurrence and aggravation of IBD. Immune system malfunction with the over-production of inflammatory cytokines and associated oxidative stress are the hallmarks of IBD. Dietary intervention and medical treatment suppressing abnormal inflammation and oxidative stress are recommended as potential therapies. Thymol, a natural monoterpene phenol that is mostly found in thyme, exhibits multiple biological functions as a potential adjuvant for IBD. The purpose of this review is to summarize current findings on the protective effect of thymol on intestinal health in the context of specific animal models of IBD, describe the role of thymol in the modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota against gastrointestinal disease, and discuss the potential mechanism for its pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Yan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (D.C.)
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11
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Investigating the Antituberculosis Activity of Selected Commercial Essential Oils and Identification of Active Constituents Using a Biochemometrics Approach and In Silico Modeling. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070948. [PMID: 35884202 PMCID: PMC9311982 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which has become prevalent due to the emergence of resistant M. tuberculosis strains. The use of essential oils (EOs) as potential anti-infective agents to treat microbial infections, including TB, offers promise due to their long historical use and low adverse effects. The current study aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-TB activity of 85 commercial EOs, and identify compounds responsible for the activity, using a biochemometrics approach. A microdilution assay was used to determine the antimycobacterial activity of the EOs towards some non-pathogenic Mycobacterium strains. In parallel, an Alamar blue assay was used to investigate antimycobacterial activity towards the pathogenic M. tuberculosis strain. Chemical profiling of the EOs was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Biochemometrics filtered out putative biomarkers using orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). In silico modeling was performed to identify potential therapeutic targets of the active biomarkers. Broad-spectrum antimycobacterial activity was observed for Cinnamomum zeylanicum (bark) (MICs = 1.00, 0.50, 0.25 and 0.008 mg/mL) and Levisticum officinale (MICs = 0.50, 0.5, 0.5 and 0.004 mg/mL) towards M. smegmatis, M. fortuitum, M. gordonae and M. tuberculosis, respectively. Biochemometrics predicted cinnamaldehyde, thymol and eugenol as putative biomarkers. Molecular docking demonstrated that cinnamaldehyde could serve as a scaffold for developing a novel class of antimicrobial compounds by targeting FtsZ and PknB from M. tuberculosis.
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Zochedh A, Priya M, Shunmuganarayanan A, Thandavarayan K, Sultan AB. Investigation on structural, spectroscopic, DFT, biological activity and molecular docking simulation of essential oil Gamma-Terpinene. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Bulhões AAVDC, Estevão LRDM, Florencio-Silva R, Simoes RS, Leite AGB, Cunha DMSDS, Ramos CS, Soares ÉBDA, D’Emery MB, Câmara CAGD, Evêncio-Neto J. Effects of the healing activity of rosemary-of-Chapada (Lippia gracilis Schauer) on cutaneous lesions in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370104. [PMID: 35416859 PMCID: PMC9000978 DOI: 10.1590/acb370104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of rosemary leaf essential oil-based ointments on the
healing of rat skin lesions. Methods: Sixty adult male rats, with dorsal excisional skin wounds made surgically
under anesthesia, were divided into three groups (n = 20): Sham group
(untreated wounds); control group (CG, wounds treated with vehicle); and
essential oil (EO) treated group (wounds treated with essential oil-based
ointments), administered topically once daily. Skin wounds were evaluated at
4, 7, 14, and 21 days after EO or vehicle treatments. Lesions were analyzed
macroscopically for the contraction degree. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
sections of skin wounds were used for histopathological evaluation. Results: Macroscopic evaluation showed wounds edges with thin crust without firmness
and yellowish color, along with an improvement in wound contraction in EO
group when compared to the other groups. A reduced inflammatory reaction,
along with newly formed small diameter capillaries and more organized and
elongated collagen fibers, were more frequently observed in EO group than in
the other groups. Moreover, blood vessel number and collagen fibers density
were significantly higher in EO group. Conclusions: Skin lesion treatment with rosemary leaf essential oil-based ointments
accelerates the initial stages of healing, reduces inflammation, and
increases angiogenesis, collagen fibers density, and wound contraction in
rats.
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Wang LM, Yang H, Yan HJ, Ge RF, Wang YX, Xue SS, Li L, Lyu LY, Che CY. Thymol Protects against Aspergillus Fumigatus Keratitis by Inhibiting the LOX-1/IL-1β Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:620-628. [PMID: 35292873 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2512-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of action of thymol in Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) keratitis. METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration of thymol against A. fumigatus was detected. To characterize the anti-inflammatory effects of thymol, mouse corneas and human corneal epithelial cells were pretreated with thymol or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) before infection with A. fumigatus spores. Slit-lamp microscopy, immunohistochemistry, myeloperoxidase detection, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were used to assess infection. Neutrophil and macrophage recruitment, in addition to the secretion of LOX-1 and IL-1β, were quantified to evaluate the relative contribution of thymol to the inflammatory response. RESULTS We confirmed that the growth of A. fumigatus was directly inhibited by thymol. In contrast with the DMSO group, there was a lower degree of inflammation in the mouse corneas of the thymol-pretreated group. This was characterized by significantly lower clinical scores, less inflammatory cell infiltration, and lower expression of LOX-1 and IL-1β. Similarly, in vitro experiments indicated that the production of LOX-1 and IL-1β was significantly inhibited after thymol treatment, in contrast with the DMSO-pretreated group. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that thymol exerted a direct fungistatic activity on A. fumigatus. Furthermore, thymol played a protective role in fungal keratitis by inhibiting LOX-1/IL-1β signaling pathway and reducing the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Hai-Jing Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Rui-Feng Ge
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Sha-Sha Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Le-Yu Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Effect of Essential Oils on Growth Inhibition, Biofilm Formation and Membrane Integrity of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121474. [PMID: 34943686 PMCID: PMC8698458 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm as a cellular conformation confers survival properties to microbial populations and favors microbial resistance. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antimotility, antihemolytic activity, and the interaction with synthetic membranes of 15 essential oils (EOs) on E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 29213. Antimicrobial activity of EOs was determined through microdilution method; development of the biofilm was assessed using the crystal violet assay and SEM microscopy. Results indicate that Lippia origanoides thymol–carvacrol II chemotype (LTC II) and Thymus vulgaris (TV) exhibited a significant antibacterial activity, with MIC values of 0.45 and 0.75 mg/mL, respectively. The percentage of biofilm formation inhibition was greater than 70% at subinhibitory concentrations (MIC50) for LTC II EO. The results demonstrate that these two oils had significantly reduced the hemolytic effect of S. aureus by 54% and 32%, respectively, and the mobility capacity by swimming in E. coli with percentages of decrease of 55% and 47%, respectively. The results show that LTC II and TV EOs can interact with the hydrophobic core of lipid bilayers and alter the physicochemical properties of membranes. The findings suggest that LTC II and TV oils may potentially be used to aid in the treatment of S. aureus and E. coli infections.
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El Ouahdani K, Es-safi I, Mechchate H, Al-zahrani M, Qurtam AA, Aleissa M, Bari A, Bousta D. Thymus algeriensis and Artemisia herba-alba Essential Oils: Chemical Analysis, Antioxidant Potential and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic Activities, and Acute Toxicity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226780. [PMID: 34833872 PMCID: PMC8625911 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of bioactive molecules of natural origin is a focus of current research. Thymus algeriensis and Artemisia herba-alba are two medicinal plants widely used by the Moroccan population in the traditional treatment of several pathologies linked to inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the single and combined antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the essential oils extracted from these two medicinal plants, and also their potential toxicity. Essential oils were extracted using hydro-distillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods: the scavenging of the free radical DPPH, and the reduction in iron. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by evaluating the edema development induced by carrageenan injecting, while the analgesic power was evaluated according to the number of abdominal contortions induced by the intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid (0.7%). The acute oral toxicity was performed to assess the potential toxicity of the studied EOs, followed by an analysis of the blood biochemical parameters. The results of the two antioxidant tests indicated that our extract mixture exhibits good iron reduction capacity and very interesting DPPH free radical scavenging power, with an IC50 of around 4.38 ± 0.98 μg/mL higher than that of the benchmark antioxidant, BHT. The anti-inflammatory test demonstrated that the mixture administered orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg has a better activity, exceeding that of 1% Diclofenac, with a percentage of maximum inhibition of the edema of 89.99 ± 4.08. The number of cramps in the mice treated with the mixture at a dose of 150 mg/kg is significantly lower (29.80 ± 1.92) than those of the group treated with Tramadol (42.00 ± 2.70), respectively. The toxicity results show no signs of toxicity with an LD50 greater than 150 mg/Kg. These interesting results show that the two plants’ EOs had an important anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant activity, and also a powerful synergistic effect, which encourages further in-depth investigations on their pharmacological proprieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija El Ouahdani
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco; (K.E.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Imane Es-safi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco; (K.E.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco; (K.E.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Mohammed Al-zahrani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-z.); (A.A.Q.); (M.A.)
| | - Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-z.); (A.A.Q.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Aleissa
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-z.); (A.A.Q.); (M.A.)
| | - Amina Bari
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco; (K.E.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Dalila Bousta
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco; (K.E.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
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Rather AH, Wani TU, Khan RS, Pant B, Park M, Sheikh FA. Prospects of Polymeric Nanofibers Loaded with Essential Oils for Biomedical and Food-Packaging Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4017. [PMID: 33924640 PMCID: PMC8069027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils prevent superbug formation, which is mainly caused by the continuous use of synthetic drugs. This is a significant threat to health, the environment, and food safety. Plant extracts in the form of essential oils are good enough to destroy pests and fight bacterial infections in animals and humans. In this review article, different essential oils containing polymeric nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning are reviewed. These nanofibers containing essential oils have shown applications in biomedical applications and as food-packaging materials. This approach of delivering essential oils in nanoformulations has attracted considerable attention in the scientific community due to its low price, a considerable ratio of surface area to volume, versatility, and high yield. It is observed that the resulting nanofibers possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Therefore, they can reduce the use of toxic synthetic drugs that are utilized in the cosmetics, medicine, and food industries. These nanofibers increase barrier properties against light, oxygen, and heat, thereby protecting and preserving the food from oxidative damage. Moreover, the nanofibers discussed are introduced with naturally derived chemical compounds in a controlled manner, which simultaneously prevents their degradation. The nanofibers loaded with different essential oils demonstrate an ability to increase the shelf-life of various food products while using them as active packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjum Hamid Rather
- Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (A.H.R.); (T.U.W.); (R.S.K.)
| | - Taha Umair Wani
- Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (A.H.R.); (T.U.W.); (R.S.K.)
| | - Rumysa Saleem Khan
- Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (A.H.R.); (T.U.W.); (R.S.K.)
| | - Bishweshwar Pant
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju-Gun 55338, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Mira Park
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju-Gun 55338, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Faheem A. Sheikh
- Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (A.H.R.); (T.U.W.); (R.S.K.)
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de Veras BO, de Oliveira JRS, de Menezes Lima VL, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar JCR, de Medeiros Moura GM, da Silva JW, de Assis CRD, Gorlach-Lira K, de Assis PAC, de Souza Barbosa JI, de Melo MRCS, de Oliveira MBM, da Silva MV, de Souza Lopes AC. The essential oil of the leaves of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities and is toxicologically safe. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113248. [PMID: 32805356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake is a medicinal plant from South America, popularly known as "asa de peixe", "asa de peixe branco", "cambará branco" or "cambará guaçu", being used by traditional communities for its healing powers in the form of teas, infusions, liqueurs and extracts, for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts, such as kidney problems, bronchitis, inflammation and fever. However, none of the ethnopharmacological properties has been scientifically evaluated. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the ethnopharmacological use of the species, this study investigated the chemical composition, and for the first time acute toxicity, hemolytic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the essential oil from leaves of V. macrophylla. MATERIAL AND METHODS The essential oil was obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation (HD), being characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution technique in bacteria and fungi that cause infections of the respiratory and urinary tract, and toxicological safety regarding hemolytic activity on human red blood cells (hRBCs), and acute toxicity in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the model carrageenan-induced peritonitis with quantification of the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the intraperitoneal fluid, and ear edema induced by croton oil. The antipyretic activity evaluated in mice with pyrexia induced by yeast. RESULTS The extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation (HD) showed a yield of 0.33 ± 0.04%, with its composition constituted mainly by sesquiterpenes of hydrocarbons (94.00%). The essential oil demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activity, with a low rate of hemolysis in human red blood cells (hRBCs) and no clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals after acute treatment, which suggested that the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg; p.o. The essential oil demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (38.83%, 72.42% and 73.52%) and IL-1β (37.70%, 75.92% and 87.71%), and ear edema by 49.53%, 85.04% and 94.39% at concentrations of 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The antipyretic activity presented by the essential oil is statistically similar to dipyrone. CONCLUSION The set of results obtained, validates the main activities attributed to the traditional use of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake. These data add industrial value to the species, considering that the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities present results similar to the drugs already used also presenting safety. The results suggest that essential oil from V. macrophylla may be used by industry for the development of drugs with natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Wellinton da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Biology Molecular of Microorganisms, Federal University of Paraiba, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Anne Castro de Assis
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Laboratory of Immunology and Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jorge Irapuan de Souza Barbosa
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Cabral Sales de Melo
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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The Use of Essential Oils and Their Isolated Compounds for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis: A Literature Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:1059274. [PMID: 33505486 PMCID: PMC7810551 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1059274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this literature review, we present the main scientific findings on the antifungal activity of essential oils (EOs) applicable for a new drug formulation to treat oral candidiasis. Seven literature databases were systematically searched for eligible in vitro and clinical trials. Selected articles were screened for biological activity, botanical species, phytochemical composition, study design, and methodological quality. A total of 26 articles were included in the review, of which 21 were in vitro studies and 5 clinical trials. The most promising EOs were obtained from Allium tubeorosum, Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Coriandrum sativum L. Among the phytochemicals, citral and thymol were the most active. Clinical trials indicated that the EOs from Pelargonium graveolens and Zataria multiflora are potentially effective to treat oral candidiasis. Further nonclinical and clinical studies with these EO are warranted to determine their potential use and safety for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
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Wang L, Xu Z, Ling D, Li J, Wang Y, Shan T. The regulatory role of dietary factors in skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:764-782. [PMID: 33021403 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1828812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in motor function, respiration, and whole-body energy homeostasis. How to regulate the development and function of skeletal muscle has become a hot research topic for improving lifestyle and extending life span. Numerous transcription factors and nutritional factors have been clarified are closely associated with the regulation of skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. In this article, the roles of different dietary factors including green tea, quercetin, curcumin (CUR), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and resveratrol (RES) in regulating skeletal muscle development, muscle mass, muscle function, and muscle recovery have been summarized and discussed. We also reviewed the potential regulatory molecular mechanism of these factors. Based on the current findings, dietary factors may be used as a potential therapeutic agent to treat skeletal muscle dysfunction as well as its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Defeng Ling
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
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Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Properties of Siparuna guianensis Essential Oil and a Molecular Docking and Dynamics Molecular Study of its Major Chemical Constituent. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173852. [PMID: 32854178 PMCID: PMC7503653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil of Siparuna guianensis was obtained by hydrodistillation. The identification of the chemical compounds was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antimicrobial activity was investigated for four microorganisms: Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 3440), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 4083), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Candida albicans (ATCC-10231). The studies of doping and molecular dynamics were performed with the molecule that presented the highest concentration of drug–target proteins, 1IYL (C. albicans), 1C14 (E. coli), 2WE5 (E. faecalis), and 4TQX (S. mutans). The main compounds identified were: Curzerene (7.1%), γ-Elemene (7.04%), Germacrene D (7.61%), trans-β-Elemenone (11.78%), and Atractylone (18.65%). Gram positive bacteria and fungi were the most susceptible to the effects of the essential oil. The results obtained in the simulation showed that the major compound atractylone interacts with the catalytic sites of the target proteins, forming energetically favourable systems and remaining stable during the period of molecular dynamics.
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Parizotto CA, Dall'Oglio EL, de Vasconcelos LG, de Sousa PT, Taques Filho EGR, Kuhnen CA. Measuring dielectric properties for microwave-assisted extraction of essential oils using single-mode and multimode reactors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:5259-5269. [PMID: 35515916 PMCID: PMC9060669 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The dielectric properties of Cymbopogon nardus, Eucalyptus sp., Piper aduncum and Piper hispidinervum were investigated as a function of frequency and temperature, using dry plant matter and its mixtures with water at different concentrations. This was followed by the extraction of essential oils performed with microwave heating in single-mode and multimode cavities with a variable power 6.0 kW generator operating at 2.45 GHz. The dielectric properties of the dry plant matter changed markedly with increasing water content, exhibiting high loss factors and small penetration depths. Due to the high level of absorption, even with low water contents, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) showed better green performance employing lower plant matter/water ratios (1 : 2 or 1 : 4) and applying shorter extraction times compared with conventional hydrodistillation (HD). Using the single-mode MAE reactor, in the case of Cymbopogon nardus, for a plant matter/water ratio of 1 : 4 the energy efficiency was 1.78 g kW−1 h−1, applying 0.3 kW for 16.7 min. By way of comparison, for the same extraction time using HD, the corresponding efficiency was only 0.50 g kW−1 h−1. In experiments with citronella using multimode MAE, the best energy efficiency of 2.53 g kW−1 h−1 was obtained with a plant matter/water ratio of 1 : 2 applying 1.8 kW of power for 30 min. Single and multimode MAE experiments showed optimum conditions with lower water content. Thus, greater amounts of material can be processed in a shorter time, in accordance with the ideals of a green chemistry. The resulting extractions showed an energy efficiency up to 27 times greater compared with conventional HD, applying the same extraction time. Dielectric properties of plants/water mixtures enables the design of single mode cavities for microwave assisted extraction of essentials oils.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Parizotto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT CEP 78090-600 Brazil +55 65 36158799 +55 65 36158798
| | - Evandro L Dall'Oglio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT CEP 78090-600 Brazil +55 65 36158799 +55 65 36158798
| | - Leonardo G de Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT CEP 78090-600 Brazil +55 65 36158799 +55 65 36158798
| | - Paulo T de Sousa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT CEP 78090-600 Brazil +55 65 36158799 +55 65 36158798
| | - Eduardo G R Taques Filho
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT CEP 78090-600 Brazil +55 65 36158799 +55 65 36158798
| | - Carlos Alberto Kuhnen
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade Florianópolis SC CEP 88040-970 Brazil
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Siqueira-Lima PS, Passos FR, Lucchese AM, Menezes IR, Coutinho HD, Lima AA, Zengin G, Quintans JS, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Central nervous system and analgesic profiles of Lippia genus. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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de Souza AVV, Dos Santos US, de Sá Carvalho JR, Barbosa BDR, Canuto KM, Rodrigues THS. Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Leaves from Lippia schaueriana Mart. Collected in the Caatinga Area. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102480. [PMID: 30262744 PMCID: PMC6222887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lippia schaueriana Mart. (Verbenaceae) is an endemic species of Caatinga with a restricted distribution to the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, which presents itself as a potential source of raw material for extraction of essential oil and exploitation by the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Considering that there are no reports in the literature of research carried out with this species, this paper aimed to establish—for the first time—the chemical composition of its essential oil. The essential oil of the dry leaves at room temperature was obtained by hydrodistillation after 3 h of extraction and the phytochemical analyzes were done by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The main compounds found in the oil of leaves were piperitone oxide (51.25%), caryophyllene (17.76%), limonene (8.06%), spathulenol (6.63%), and piperitone (2.90%). The piperitone oxide is a compound described in the literature that shows antinociceptive, cardiovascular, analgesic, and relaxing activities, as well as fungicidal and insecticidal effect, which gives it an interesting potential for the alternative control of agricultural pests.
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Born FDS, da Camara CAG, de Melo JPR, de Moraes MM. Acaricidal property of the essential oil from Lippia gracilis against Tetranychus urticae and a natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus, under greenhouse conditions. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2018; 75:491-502. [PMID: 30141106 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil from the leaves of Lippia gracilis was investigated for fumigant and residual activity against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). The results were compared to eugenol, Ortus® and Azamax®, as positive controls. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry analysis enabled the identification of 28 compounds, accounting for 99.1 ± 0.6% of the essential oil. The major constituents were carvacrol (61%), p-cymene (11%) and thymol (11%). Mites were more susceptible to the oil in fumigant tests than in residual tests. Among the components, thymol and β-caryophyllene had the greatest fumigant and residual toxicity against T. urticae, respectively. The role of selected constituents (carvacrol, p-cymene, thymol, limonene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, terpinolene and β-caryophyllene) in the acaricidal properties of the L. gracilis essential oil is also discussed. Fumigant and residual effects of Lippia oil were more selective than eugenol with regard to a natural enemy of T. urticae, Neoseiulus californicus. Experiments under greenhouse conditions demonstrated greater toxicity of the Lippia oil in comparison to the positive control at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment. The results suggest that Lippia oil is a good candidate for the formulation of a botanical acaricide for the integrated management of T. urticae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia de Souza Born
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia Agrícola, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Sn, Recife, PE, 52.171-900, Brazil
| | - Claudio Augusto Gomes da Camara
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia Agrícola, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Sn, Recife, PE, 52.171-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Sn, Recife, PE, 52.171-900, Brazil.
| | - João Paulo Ramos de Melo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia Agrícola, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Sn, Recife, PE, 52.171-900, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Martins de Moraes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Sn, Recife, PE, 52.171-900, Brazil
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Pivetta TP, Simões S, Araújo MM, Carvalho T, Arruda C, Marcato PD. Development of nanoparticles from natural lipids for topical delivery of thymol: Investigation of its anti-inflammatory properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 164:281-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Khazdair MR, Ghorani V, Alavinezhad A, Boskabady MH. Pharmacological effects of Zataria multiflora
Boiss L. and its constituents focus on their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2018; 32:26-50. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Pharmaceutical Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Student Research Committee; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Vahideh Ghorani
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Pharmaceutical Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Azam Alavinezhad
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Oliveira de Souza LI, Bezzera-Silva PC, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, da Silva AG, Dos Santos Correia MT, da Silva MV, de Figueiredo RCBQ. The chemical composition and trypanocidal activity of volatile oils from Brazilian Caatinga plants. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1055-1064. [PMID: 29217159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential/volatile oils (EOs) from plants used in the traditional medicine are known as a rich source of chemically diverse compounds with relevant biological activities. In this work we analysed the chemical composition and the in vitro effects of EOs from leaves of Eugenia brejoensis (EBEO), Hyptis pectinata (HPEO), Hypenia salzmannii (HSEO), Lippia macrophylla (LMEO) and seeds of Syagrus coronata (SCEO) on Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. The EOs were extracted through hydrodistillation and its chemical composition analysed by GC/MS. The trypanocidal activity against epi- and trypomastigotes was evaluated by optical microscopy and the cytotoxicity to mammalian cells by MTT. The effects of EOs on parasite infection in macrophages were estimated by determining the survival index and the percentage of infection inhibition. The cytotoxicity against mammalian cells was compared to those of parasite by determining the Selectivity Index (SI). Overall, 114 compounds were identified: The main constituents of EOS were: δ-cadinene (15.88%), trans-caryophyllene (9.77%) e α-Muurolol (9.42%) for EBEO; trans-caryophyllene (15.24%), bicyclogermacrene (7.33%) e cis-calamenene (7.15%) for HFEO; trans-caryophyllene (30.91%), caryophyllene oxide (13.19%) and spathulenol (5.68%) for HPEO; Xanthoxylin (17.20%) trans-caryophyllene (14.34%) and methyl-eugenol (5.60%) for HSEO; Thymol (49.81%), carvacrol (31.6%) and σ-cimene (10.27%) for LMEO and octanoic acid (38.83%) dodecanoic acid (38.45%) and decanoic acid (20.51%) for SCEO. All the tested oils showed an inhibitory effect on the growth and survival of all forms of T. cruzi and moderate cytotoxicity towards the mammalian cells (100 < CC50 < 500 μg/mL). The EO of E. brejoensis was the most effective against the parasite presenting higher Selectivity Index for trypo- (SI = 14.45) and amastigote forms (SI = 20.11). Except for SCEO, which was the most cytotoxic for both parasite and mammalian cells, all the oils demonstrated to be more selective for the parasite than the reference drug benznidazole. Taken together our results point the essential oils from Caatinga plants, especially Eugenia brejoensis, as promissory agents for the development of new drugs against Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Isabela Oliveira de Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães IAM-FIOCRUZ/PE, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Campus da UFPE, 50670-420 Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Gomes da Silva
- Núcleo de Bioprospecção e Conservação da Caatinga, Instituto Nacional do Semiárido/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações - INSA/MCTIC, Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Serrotão, 58429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Dos Santos Correia
- Núcleo de Bioprospecção e Conservação da Caatinga, Instituto Nacional do Semiárido/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações - INSA/MCTIC, Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Serrotão, 58429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Núcleo de Bioprospecção e Conservação da Caatinga, Instituto Nacional do Semiárido/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações - INSA/MCTIC, Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Serrotão, 58429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Schabauer L, Steflitsch W, Buchbauer G. Essential Oils and Compounds against Pains in Animal Studies. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The positive impact of essential oils and compounds has been known for a long time. Essential oils are multicomponent mixtures and obtained by steam distillation of leaves or flowers or simply by pressing orange peels for example. Due to the broad-spectrum activity, essential oils can be used for a variety of disorders like sleeping problems, colds or gastrointestinal complaints. The focus of this paper is the use of essential oils against pain in animal studies. The broad use of analgesics like NSAIDs against headaches or menstrual cramps for example, is often associated with unpleasant side effects. Essential oils may help to reduce the analgesic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schabauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Steflitsch
- Second Department of Pneumological Medicine, Otto Wagner Hospital, A-1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Buchbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Nagoor Meeran MF, Javed H, Al Taee H, Azimullah S, Ojha SK. Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:380. [PMID: 28694777 PMCID: PMC5483461 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymol, chemically known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol is a colorless crystalline monoterpene phenol. It is one of the most important dietary constituents in thyme species. For centuries, it has been used in traditional medicine and has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic and antitumor activities. The present article presents a detailed review of the scientific literature which reveals the pharmacological properties of thymol and its multiple therapeutic actions against various cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatological, gastrointestinal, metabolic and malignant diseases at both biochemical and molecular levels. The noteworthy effects of thymol are largely attributed to its anti-inflammatory (via inhibiting recruitment of cytokines and chemokines), antioxidant (via scavenging of free radicals, enhancing the endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and chelation of metal ions), antihyperlipidemic (via increasing the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing the levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the circulation and membrane stabilization) (via maintaining ionic homeostasis) effects. This review presents an overview of the current in vitro and in vivo data supporting thymol's therapeutic activity and the challenges concerning its use for prevention and its therapeutic value as a dietary supplement or as a pharmacological agent or as an adjuvant along with current therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases. It is one of the potential candidates of natural origin that has shown promising therapeutic potential, pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms as well as pharmacokinetic properties for the pharmaceutical development of thymol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayate Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hasan Al Taee
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sheikh Azimullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Feitosa-Alcantara RB, Bacci L, Blank AF, Alves PB, Silva IMDA, Soares CA, Sampaio TS, Nogueira PCDL, Arrigoni-Blank MDF. Essential Oils of Hyptis pectinata Chemotypes: Isolation, Binary Mixtures and Acute Toxicity on Leaf-Cutting Ants. Molecules 2017; 22:E621. [PMID: 28417946 PMCID: PMC6153752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf-cutting ants are pests of great economic importance due to the damage they cause to agricultural and forest crops. The use of organosynthetic insecticides is the main form of control of these insects. In order to develop safer technology, the objective of this work was to evaluate the formicidal activity of the essential oils of two Hyptis pectinata genotypes (chemotypes) and their major compounds on the leaf-cutting ants Acromyrmex balzani Emery and Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel. Bioassays of exposure pathways (contact and fumigation) and binary mixtures of the major compounds were performed. The major compounds identified in the essential oils of H. pectinata were β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and calamusenone. The essential oils of H. pectinata were toxic to the ants in both exposure pathways. Essential oils were more toxic than their major compounds alone. The chemotype calamusenone was more toxic to A. balzani in both exposure pathways. A. sexdens rubropilosa was more susceptible to the essential oil of the chemotype β-caryophyllene in both exposure pathways. In general, the binary mixtures of the major compounds resulted in additive effect of toxicity. The essential oils of H. pectinata is a raw material of great potential for the development of new insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana B Feitosa-Alcantara
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Bacci
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Arie F Blank
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Péricles B Alves
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Indira Morgana de A Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Caroline A Soares
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Taís S Sampaio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
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Shayganni E, Bahmani M, Asgary S, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Inflammaging and cardiovascular disease: Management by medicinal plants. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1119-1126. [PMID: 26776956 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In aging, a host of molecular and cellular changes occur which accelerate alteration and progression of inflammatory diseases. These conditions in the elderly people cause appearance of a phenomenon which has been denoted as "inflammaging". Understanding the pathogenesis and finding new methods for management of inflammaging are essential. PURPOSE In this paper we tried not only to explain inflammaging and its treatments with concentrating on medical plants but to collect a sufficient collection of anti-inflammatory plants with focusing on their mechanism of action. METHOD In this review paper, by searching in indexing cites, desired articles were obtained since 1995 by using keywords of inflammation, inflammaging, inflammation pathophysiology, free radicals and inflammation, aging inflammation, inflammatory disease, and plants or herbal medicine in inflammation. SECTIONS In advanced age the generation of free radicals increases in cardiovascular system. Pathological inflammation is also associated with production of excess free radicals More importantly, chronic inflammation makes aged people susceptible to age-related diseases. Some medicinal plants have been shown promising results in inhibition of inflammaging. Some other sections such as inflammation and inflammaging in cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress in cardiovascular complications, prevention and treatment strategies are presented. CONCLUSION The results of published papers show that the symptoms of several inflammatory diseases can be inhibited or treated by active ingredients from medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfaneh Shayganni
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Bahmani
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Asgary
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Marchese A, Orhan IE, Daglia M, Barbieri R, Di Lorenzo A, Nabavi SF, Gortzi O, Izadi M, Nabavi SM. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of thymol: A brief review of the literature. Food Chem 2016; 210:402-14. [PMID: 27211664 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol) is the main monoterpene phenol occurring in essential oils isolated from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family (Thymus, Ocimum, Origanum, and Monarda genera), and other plants such as those belonging to the Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Apiaceae families. These essential oils are used in the food industry for their flavouring and preservative properties, in commercial mosquito repellent formulations for their natural repellent effect, in aromatherapy, and in traditional medicine for the treatment of headaches, coughs, and diarrhea. Many different activities of thymol such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, local anaesthetic, antinociceptive, cicatrizing, antiseptic, and especially antibacterial and antifungal properties have been shown. This review aims to critically evaluate the available literature regarding the antibacterial and antifungal effects of thymol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS-San Martino-IST and DISC, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Ramona Barbieri
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS-San Martino-IST and DISC, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Arianna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Olga Gortzi
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institution of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., Greece
| | - Morteza Izadi
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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El Souda SS, Aboutabl EA, Maamoun AA, Hashem FA. Volatile Constituents and Cytotoxic Activity ofKhaya grandifoliolaandKhaya senegalensisFlower Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2016.1138269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ezzat Abd El-Hack M, Alagawany M, Ragab Farag M, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Dhama K, Zorriehzahra J, Adel M. Beneficial impacts of thymol essential oil on health and production of animals, fish and poultry: a review. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2016.1153002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mayada Ragab Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Uttar PradeshPandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (Uttar Pradesh) India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly (Uttar Pradesh) India
| | - Jalil Zorriehzahra
- Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases Department, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO),Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Milad Adel
- Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases Department, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Cardoso ESB, Santana TA, Diniz PBF, Montalvão MM, Bani CC, Thomazzi SM. Thymol accelerates the recovery of the skeletal muscle of mice injured with cardiotoxin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:352-60. [PMID: 26817998 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of thymol in in vivo muscle inflammation and regeneration on cardiotoxin-induced injury. METHODS Mice were pretreated (p.o.) with thymol (10-100 mg/kg), and after 1 h, cardiotoxin (25 μM, 40 μl) was administrated into the gastrocnemius muscle. The quantification of the areas of inflammation and regeneration of muscle tissue (3, 7 and 10 days) in HE-stained slides as well as the count of total mast cells and different phenotypes of mast cells were made. Sirius red staining was used to analyse total collagen expression. KEY FINDINGS The pretreatment with thymol significantly reduced the area of inflammation (30 and 100 mg/kg) and increased the area of regeneration (100 mg/kg) 3 days after the cardiotoxin injection. Thymol at 30 and 100 mg/kg increased the area of collagen in 3 days and also decreased this area in 7 and 10 days, compared to the injured group. The pretreatment with thymol did not affect the number of total mast cells; however, it was able to change the number of mucosal mast cells within 10 days. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that thymol ameliorates inflammatory response and accelerates regeneration in cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eroneide S B Cardoso
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Tayse A Santana
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Monalisa M Montalvão
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Bani
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Sara M Thomazzi
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Sarmento-Neto JF, do Nascimento LG, Felipe CFB, de Sousa DP. Analgesic Potential of Essential Oils. Molecules 2015; 21:E20. [PMID: 26703556 PMCID: PMC6273222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensation associated with a wide range of injuries and diseases, and affects approximately 20% of adults in the world. The discovery of new and more effective drugs that can relieve pain is an important research goal in both the pharmaceutical industry and academia. This review describes studies involving antinociceptive activity of essential oils from 31 plant species. Botanical aspects of aromatic plants, mechanisms of action in pain models and chemical composition profiles of the essential oils are discussed. The data obtained in these studies demonstrate the analgesic potential of this group of natural products for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ferreira Sarmento-Neto
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
| | - Lázaro Gomes do Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
| | | | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
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Ribeiro ARS, Diniz PBF, Pinheiro MS, Albuquerque-Júnior RLC, Thomazzi SM. Gastroprotective effects of thymol on acute and chronic ulcers in rats: The role of prostaglandins, ATP-sensitive K(+) channels, and gastric mucus secretion. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 244:121-8. [PMID: 26689173 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thymol, a monoterpene phenol derivative of cymene, is found in abundance in the essential oils of Thymus, Origanum, and Lippia species. The present study investigated the gastroprotective actions of thymol (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) in the acute (ethanol- and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers) and chronic (acetic acid-induced ulcers) ulcer models in rats. Some of the mechanisms underlying to the gastroprotective effect of thymol were investigated in the ethanol-induced ulcer model. Gastric secretion parameters (volume, pH, and total acidity) were also evaluated by the pylorus ligature model, and the mucus in the gastric content was determined. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of thymol was performed using the agar-well diffusion method. Thymol (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) produced dose dependent reduction (P < 0.01) on the total lesion area in the ethanol-induced ulcer model. The gastroprotective response caused by thymol (30 mg/kg) was significantly attenuated (P < 0.001) by intraperitoneal treatment of rats with indomethacin (a non-selective inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase, 10 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K(+) channel blocker, 10 mg/kg), but not by DL-Propargylglycine (PAG, a cystathionine-γ-lyase inhibitor, 25 mg/kg) and Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME, a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, 70 mg/kg). Thymol (30 and 100 mg/kg) also reduced the ulcer index (P < 0.05) and the total lesion area (P < 0.001) in the indomethacin- and acetic-acid-induced ulcer models, respectively. In the model pylorus ligature, the treatment with thymol failed to significantly change the gastric secretion parameters. However, after treatment with thymol (30 and 100 mg/kg), there was a significant increase (P < 0.01) in mucus production. Thymol no showed anti-H. pylori activity in vitro. Collectively, the present results provide convincing evidence that thymol displays gastroprotective actions on the acute and chronic ulcer models through mechanisms that involve increased in the amount of mucus, prostaglandins, and ATP-sensitive K(+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Roseli S Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Polyana B F Diniz
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Malone S Pinheiro
- Unit Lab - Laboratório Central de Biomedicina, Universidade Tiradentes, Rua Laranjeiras, 710, CEP 49010-000 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Ricardo L C Albuquerque-Júnior
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa-ITP, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Sara M Thomazzi
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
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Lima Cavendish R, de Souza Santos J, Belo Neto R, Oliveira Paixão A, Valéria Oliveira J, Divino de Araujo E, Berretta E Silva AA, Maria Thomazzi S, Cordeiro Cardoso J, Zanardo Gomes M. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Brazilian red propolis extract and formononetin in rodents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 173:127-133. [PMID: 26192808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis has been used as a folk medicine for centuries around the world due to its wide spectrum of biological activities. The red propolis, a new Brazilian variety of this apimaterial, has presented an unusual chemical composition, including isoflavones such as formononetin and biochanin A. Since both the green and red varieties of propolis are traditionally used as medicine and commercialized with no label differentiation, the study of the activities of red propolis extract has become important in order to clarify whether this product has the same activities as commercial ones. In this work, we demonstrated the potential action of the hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis (HERP) and its biomarker, formononetin, as antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory drugs on experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HERP was chemically characterised by HPLC/DAD analyses. The biological activities of the HERP (3, 10, and 30mg/kg) and formononetin (10mg/kg) were evaluated using the antinociceptive (acetic acid, formalin, and glutamate injections) and anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced hindpaw oedema and peritonitis) models in mice after oral administration. The open field test was also performed. RESULTS Formononetin, one of the main biomarker of red propolis, was identified in the HERP (21.62mg/g). Pretreatment with the HERP (10 and 30mg/kg) and formononetin (10mg/kg) produced reduction (P<0.001) in the number of abdominal writhes, but the HERP was more effective (P<0.001) than formononetin. In the formalin test, all HERP doses (3, 10, and 30mg/kg, P<0.001) inhibited the late phase (inflammatory pain) of formalin-induced licking, but the inhibition of neurogenic pain was observed only when the higher doses (10 and 30mg/kg; P<0.05) were used. Formononetin caused inhibition (P<0.001) only in the second phase of formalin-induced nociception similarly at all HERP doses in the same phase of the test. The responses in glutamate-induced model presented crescent inhibition (P<0.05) with 10 and 30mg/kg of HERP. Also, formononetin inhibited (P<0.001) the nociception induced by glutamate similarly to 30mg/kg of HERP. There were no significant differences in the open field test after HERP administration, but formononetin decrease the spontaneous motor behaviour. Regarding the anti-inflammatory assessment, the HERP (10 and 30mg/kg, P<0.05) and formononetin (P<0.001) treatments caused a significant inhibition of the oedema response. All doses of HERP (3, 10, and 30mg/kg, P<0.05) and formononetin (P<0.001) also inhibited the carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration. In both cases, the results for the HERP at 30mg/kg and formononetin were similar. CONCLUSIONS The HERP and formononetin presented significant anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, the HERP presented antinociceptive action on inflammatory and neurogenic pain without motor side effects, possibly due to the action of other constituents present in the extract. These results, together, support the popular usage of this natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Lima Cavendish
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa (ITP), Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Jandson de Souza Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Belo Neto
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa (ITP), Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Ailma Oliveira Paixão
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa (ITP), Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Juciele Valéria Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa (ITP), Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Edilson Divino de Araujo
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Andresa Aparecida Berretta E Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Av. do Café, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara Maria Thomazzi
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Cordeiro Cardoso
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa (ITP), Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Margarete Zanardo Gomes
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa (ITP), Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, CEP 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Involvement of Cholinergic and Opioid System in γ-Terpinene-Mediated Antinociception. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:829414. [PMID: 26170885 PMCID: PMC4480809 DOI: 10.1155/2015/829414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The literature shows that the monoterpenes are great candidates for the development of new drugs for the treatment of various pathological processes, including painful conditions. The gamma terpinene (γ-TPN) is a monoterpene present in plant species that have multiple pharmacological properties and has structural similarity to antinociceptive monoterpenes, such as limonene and alpha-phellandrene. The γ-TPN molecular mass was evaluated by mass spectrometry and showed a pseudomolecular ion with m/z 137.0 Da. The animals did not present any signs of acute toxicity at 2 g/kg, p.o. γ-TPN (1.562 to 50 mg/kg, p.o.) showed an antinociceptive effect in the formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate tests. γ-TPN has antinociceptive action when administered by others routes in glutamate test. To eliminate a possible sedative effect of γ-TPN, the open field and rota-rod test were conducted and the γ-TPN did not show muscle relaxant activity or central depressant effect. To investigate the mechanisms of action, the animals were pretreated with naloxone, glibenclamide, atropine, mecamylamine, or L-arginine in the glutamate test. γ-TPN antinociception was inhibited in the presence of naloxone, glibenclamide, atropine, and mecamylamine. The results suggest that the γ-TPN (p.o.) produced antinociceptive effect in models of chemical nociception through the cholinergic and opioid systems involvement.
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da Rocha CQ, Vilela FC, Santa-Cecília FV, Cavalcante GP, Vilegas W, Giusti-Paiva A, dos Santos MH. Oleanane-type triterpenoid: an anti-inflammatory compound of the roots Arrabidaea brachypoda. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Silva FS, Menezes PMN, de Sá PGS, Oliveira ALDS, Souza EAA, Almeida JRGDS, de Lima JT, Uetanabaro APT, Silva TRDS, Peralta ED, Lucchese AM. Chemical composition and pharmacological properties of the essential oils obtained seasonally from Lippia thymoides. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 54:25-34. [PMID: 25856708 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1005751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lippia thymoides Mart. & Schauer (Verbenaceae) is used in folk medicine to treat wounds, fever, bronchitis, rheumatism, headaches, and weakness. OBJECTIVE This study determinates the chemical composition of essential oils from L. thymoides, obtained at during each of the four seasons and correlates with pharmacological properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching methods. The antimicrobial assays were performed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) methods. Isolated rat aorta and uterus, and guinea-pig trachea were utilized to evaluate relaxant potential in pre-contracted smooth muscle. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Essential oils from leaves of L. thymoides had the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene (17.22-26.27%) as the major constituent followed by borneol (4.45-7.36%), camphor (3.22-8.61%), camphene (2.64-5.66%), and germacrene D (4.72-6.18%). In vitro assays showed that these essential oils do not have antioxidant activity, have antimicrobial selectivity to Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.004 mg/mL and MMC = 0.26-10.19 mg/mL) and Micrococcus luteus (MIC = 0.03 mg/mL and MMC = 8.43 mg/mL), relax isolated rat aorta (EC50 = 305-544 μg/mL, with endothelium; and EC50 = 150-283 μg/mL, without endothelium), and uterus (EC50 = 74-257 μg/mL), and minor potency, isolated guinea-pig trachea. CONCLUSIONS Lippia thymoides is a source of natural products of pharmaceutical interest, being necessary additional studies to determine the substances involved in the biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Souza Silva
- a Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco , Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana , Feira de Santana , Bahia , Brazil
| | - Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes
- a Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco , Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Pedro Guilherme Souza de Sá
- a Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco , Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - André Luís de Santana Oliveira
- c Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas , Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana , Bahia , Brazil
| | - Eric Alencar Araújo Souza
- a Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco , Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida
- a Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco , Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
- d Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais do Semi-Árido, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Julianeli Tolentino de Lima
- a Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco , Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
- d Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais do Semi-Árido, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Trovatti Uetanabaro
- e Laboratório de Microbiologia da Agroindústria , Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz , Ilhéus, Bahia , Brazil , and
| | - Tânia Regina dos Santos Silva
- f Departamento de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana , Feira de Santana , Bahia , Brazil
| | - Edna Dória Peralta
- c Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas , Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana , Bahia , Brazil
| | - Angélica Maria Lucchese
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana , Feira de Santana , Bahia , Brazil
- c Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas , Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana , Bahia , Brazil
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Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils Extracted from Brazilian Legal Amazon Plants against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:490765. [PMID: 25949264 PMCID: PMC4408633 DOI: 10.1155/2015/490765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) is the major vector of dengue and chikungunya fever. The lack of effective therapies and vaccines for these diseases highlights the need for alternative strategies to control the spread of virus. Therefore, this study investigated the larvicidal potential of essential oils from common plant species obtained from the Chapada das Mesas National Park, Brazil, against third instar A. aegypti larvae. The chemical composition of these oils was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The essential oils of Eugenia piauhiensis Vellaff., Myrcia erythroxylon O. Berg, Psidium myrsinites DC., and Siparuna camporum (Tul.) A. DC. were observed to be mainly composed of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The essential oil of Lippia gracilis Schauer was composed of oxygenated monoterpenes. Four of the five tested oils were effective against the A. aegypti larvae, with the lethal concentration (LC50) ranging from 230 to 292 mg/L after 24 h of exposure. Overall, this work demonstrated the possibility of developing larvicidal products against A. aegypti by using essential oils from the flora of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. This in turn demonstrates the potential of using natural resources for the control of disease vectors.
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Amaral RG, Fonseca CS, Silva TKM, Andrade LN, França ME, Barbosa-Filho JM, de Sousa DP, Moraes MO, Pessoa CÓ, Carvalho AA, Thomazzi SM. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and antitumour effects of the essential oil from Mentha x villosa and its main compound, rotundifolone. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1100-6. [PMID: 25787872 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and antitumour effects of the essential oil from the leaves of Mentha x villosa (EOMV) and its main component (rotundifolone). METHODS In-vitro cytotoxic activity of the EOMV and rotundifolone was determined on cultured tumour cells. In-vivo antitumour activity of the EOMV was assessed in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. KEY FINDINGS The EOMV displayed cytotoxicity against human tumour cell lines, showing IC50 values in the range of 0.57-1.02 μg/ml in the HCT-116 and SF-295 cell lines, respectively. Rotundifolone showed weak cytotoxicity against HCT-116, SF-295 and OVCAR-8 cell lines (IC50 > 25.00 μg/ml). Tumour growth inhibition rates were 29.4-40.5% and 25.0-45.2% for the EOMV treatment by intraperitoneal (50-100 mg/kg/day) and oral (100-200 mg/kg/day) administration, respectively. The EOMV did not significantly affect body mass and macroscopy of the organs. CONCLUSIONS The EOMV possesses significant antitumour activity with low systemic toxicity, possibly due to the synergistic action of its minor constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo G Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Cecília S Fonseca
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana N Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Maria E França
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José M Barbosa-Filho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Damião P de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Manoel O Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Ó Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Adriana A Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Sara Maria Thomazzi
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Effects of anethole in nociception experimental models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:345829. [PMID: 25506382 PMCID: PMC4260440 DOI: 10.1155/2014/345829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antinociceptive activity of anethole (anethole 1-methoxy-4-benzene (1-propenyl)), major compound of the essential oil of star anise (Illicium verum), in different experimental models of nociception. The animals were pretreated with anethole (62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) one hour before the experiments. To eliminate a possible sedative effect of anethole, the open field test was conducted. Anethole (62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) showed an antinociceptive effect in the writhing model induced by acetic acid, in the second phase of the formalin test (125 and 250 mg/kg) in the test of glutamate (62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg), and expresses pain induced by ACF (250 mg/kg). In contrast, anethole was not able to increase the latency time on the hot plate and decrease the number of flinches during the initial phase of the formalin test in any of the doses tested. It was also demonstrated that anethole has no association with sedative effects. Therefore, these data showed that anethole, at all used doses, has no sedative effect and has an antinociceptive effect. This effect may be due to a decrease in the production/release of inflammatory mediators.
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Mushrooms: a potential natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds for medical applications. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:805841. [PMID: 25505823 PMCID: PMC4258329 DOI: 10.1155/2014/805841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, macrofungi have been used as food and medicine in different parts of the world. This is mainly attributed to their nutritional value as a potential source of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and minerals. In addition, they also include many bioactive metabolites which make mushrooms and truffles common components in folk medicine, especially in Africa, the Middle East, China, and Japan. The reported medicinal effects of mushrooms include anti-inflammatory effects, with anti-inflammatory compounds of mushrooms comprising a highly diversified group in terms of their chemical structure. They include polysaccharides, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and many other low molecular weight molecules. The aims of this review are to report the different types of bioactive metabolites and their relevant producers, as well as the different mechanisms of action of mushroom compounds as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
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Water deficit and seasonality study on essential oil constituents of Lippia gracilis Schauer germplasm. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:314626. [PMID: 25302321 PMCID: PMC4180889 DOI: 10.1155/2014/314626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia gracilis genotypes, in the dry and rainy seasons, and with and without irrigation. The extraction of essential oil was realized by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition analysis was performed using a GC-MS/FID. The leaves of the L. gracilis genotypes provide essential oil with content between 1.25% and 1.92% in the rainy season and 1.42% and 2.70% in the dry season; when irrigation was used the content was between 1.42% and 2.87%, without irrigation contents were between 1.60% and 3.00%. The chemical composition of L. gracilis showed high levels of terpenes. The major constituent of genotypes LGRA-106 was thymol and carvacrol was the major constituent for the other genotypes. Concentrations showed little variation between seasons, demonstrating the stability of the chemical composition of L. gracilis even with different climatic conditions.
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Benbelaïd F, Khadir A, Abdoune MA, Bendahou M, Muselli A, Costa J. Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils against oral multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in both planktonic and biofilm state. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:463-72. [PMID: 25182948 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate some essential oils in treatment of intractable oral infections, principally caused by biofilm of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), such as persistent endodontic infections in which their treatment exhibits a real challenge for dentists. METHODS Ten chemically analyzed essential oils by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against sensitive and resistant clinical strains of E. faecalis in both planktonic and biofilm state using two methods, disk diffusion and broth micro-dilution. RESULTS Studied essential oils showed a good antimicrobial activity and high ability in E. faecalis biofilm eradication, whether for sensitive or multidrug-resistant strains, especially those of Origanum glandulosum and Thymbra capitata with interesting minimum inhibitory concentration, biofilm inhibitory concentration, and biofilm eradication concentration values which doesn't exceed 0.063%, 0.75%, and 1.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study indicate that essential oils extracted from aromatic plants can be used in treatment of intractable oral infections, especially caused by biofilm of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fethi Benbelaïd
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE), Aboubekr Belkaïd University, PO Box 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Abdelmounaïm Khadir
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE), Aboubekr Belkaïd University, PO Box 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Amine Abdoune
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE), Aboubekr Belkaïd University, PO Box 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Mourad Bendahou
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE), Aboubekr Belkaïd University, PO Box 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Alain Muselli
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, University of Corsica, UMR CNRS 6134, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, 20250 Corte, France
| | - Jean Costa
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, University of Corsica, UMR CNRS 6134, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, 20250 Corte, France
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Azevedo AN, Buarque PR, Cruz EMO, Blank AF, Alves PB, Nunes ML, Santana LCLDA. Response surface methodology for optimisation of edible chitosan coating formulations incorporating essential oil against several foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Oliveira DR, Leitão GG, Fernandes PD, Leitão SG. Ethnopharmacological studies of Lippia origanoides. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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