1
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Li C, Liu Z, Yuan G, Liu Y, Wang W. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and PET/CT: From Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Molecular Imaging Targets. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:132. [PMID: 39076752 PMCID: PMC11273052 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2405132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the most common and critical aortic disease. Bleeding is the most serious complication from a ruptured AAA, which often results in death. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are the only effective means to reduce AAA associated mortality. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) combines functional and anatomical imaging. The expanded application of PET/CT in the medical field could have benefits for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AAA. This review explores the efficiency of PET/CT in the diagnosis of AAA based on our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of AAA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine of Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, 999078 Taipa, Macau
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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2
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Field DH, White JS, Warriner SL, Wright MH. A fluorescent photoaffinity probe for formyl peptide receptor 1 labelling in living cells. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:216-222. [PMID: 36908701 PMCID: PMC9994102 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00199c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent ligands for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are valuable tools for studying the expression, pharmacology and modulation of these therapeutically important proteins in living cells. Here we report a fluorescent photoaffinity probe for Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), a critical component of the innate immune response to bacterial infection and a promising target in inflammatory diseases. We demonstrate that the probe binds and covalently crosslinks to FPR1 with good specificity at nanomolar concentrations in living cells and is a useful tool for visualisation and characterisation of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon H Field
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Jack S White
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Stuart L Warriner
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Megan H Wright
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
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3
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Sun Q, Li X, Guo Y, Qiu Y, Luo X, Liu G, Han Y. Coumarin-based turn-on fluorescence probe with a large Stokes shift for detection of endogenous neutrophil elastase in live cells and zebrafish. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 281:121563. [PMID: 35810672 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE), a serine proteinase, is a significant biomarker which is closely related to the progress of diseases. However, only few probes have been reported for detection of NE activity and cell imaging. And these probes have exhibited small Stokes shift, which leads to high fluorescence interferences. Furthermore, only one probe among them is able to image NE in vivo successfully. To overcome the above problems, we designed a novel coumarin-based fluorescent probe HNCOU-NE with large Stokes shift to visualize NE activity in living cells and zebrafish. The new probe HNCOU-NE for NE contains fluorophore HNCOU as the reporter and pentafluoroethyl as the enzyme-active trigger moiety. As expected, HNCOU-NE displays perfect detecting performance for sensing of NE, including good water solubility, large Stokes shift, high affinity and wide linear response concentration. In addition, HNCOU-NE has been successfully utilized for NE real-time detection and imaging in different living cells, exhibiting low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility. Most importantly, endogenous NE fluorescence imaging experiments reveals that HNCOU-NE can distinguish liver cancer cells (HepG2) and other cells (293T, HeLa and SKOV3), illustrating its specific ability to diagnose liver cancer cells. Besides, probe HNCOU-NE also has the ability to specifically detect endogenous NE activity in living zebrafish. All the results indicate that HNCOU-NE is a valuable probe for qualitative and quantitative sensing of NE activity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry and School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry and School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry and School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry and School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry and School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Genyan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry and School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yunfeng Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Filiberto AC, Ladd Z, Leroy V, Su G, Elder CT, Pruitt EY, Hensley SE, Lu G, Hartman JB, Zarrinpar A, Sharma AK, Upchurch GR. Resolution of inflammation via RvD1/FPR2 signaling mitigates Nox2 activation and ferroptosis of macrophages in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22579. [PMID: 36183323 PMCID: PMC11137679 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201114r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation is characterized by inflammation, leukocyte infiltration, and vascular remodeling. Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is derived from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and is involved in the resolution phase of chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to decipher the protective role of RvD1 via formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) receptor signaling in attenuating abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The elastase-treatment model of AAA in C57BL/6 (WT) mice and human AAA tissue was used to confirm our hypotheses. Elastase-treated FPR2-/- mice had a significant increase in aortic diameter, proinflammatory cytokine production, immune cell infiltration (macrophages and neutrophils), elastic fiber disruption, and decrease in smooth muscle cell α-actin expression compared to elastase-treated WT mice. RvD1 treatment attenuated AAA formation, aortic inflammation, and vascular remodeling in WT mice, but not in FPR2-/- mice. Importantly, human AAA tissue demonstrated significantly decreased FPR2 mRNA expression compared to non-aneurysm human aortas. Mechanistically, RvD1/FPR2 signaling mitigated p47phox phosphorylation and prevented hallmarks of ferroptosis, such as lipid peroxidation and Nrf2 translocation, thereby attenuating HMGB1 secretion. Collectively, this study demonstrates RvD1-mediated immunomodulation of FPR2 signaling on macrophages to mitigate ferroptosis and HMGB1 release, leading to resolution of aortic inflammation and remodeling during AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary Ladd
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Victoria Leroy
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Gang Su
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Craig T Elder
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Y Pruitt
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sara E Hensley
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Guanyi Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph B Hartman
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ali Zarrinpar
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ashish K Sharma
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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5
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Rastogi V, Stefens SJM, Houwaart J, Verhagen HJM, de Bruin JL, van der Pluijm I, Essers J. Molecular Imaging of Aortic Aneurysm and Its Translational Power for Clinical Risk Assessment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:814123. [PMID: 35492343 PMCID: PMC9051391 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.814123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms (AAs) are dilations of the aorta, that are often fatal upon rupture. Diagnostic radiological techniques such as ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are currently used in clinical practice for early diagnosis as well as clinical follow-up for preemptive surgery of AA and prevention of rupture. However, the contemporary imaging-based risk prediction of aneurysm enlargement or life-threatening aneurysm-rupture remains limited as these are restricted to visual parameters which fail to provide a personalized risk assessment. Therefore, new insights into early diagnostic approaches to detect AA and therefore to prevent aneurysm-rupture are crucial. Multiple new techniques are developed to obtain a more accurate understanding of the biological processes and pathological alterations at a (micro)structural and molecular level of aortic degeneration. Advanced anatomical imaging combined with molecular imaging, such as molecular MRI, or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT provides novel diagnostic approaches for in vivo visualization of targeted biomarkers. This will aid in the understanding of aortic aneurysm disease pathogenesis and insight into the pathways involved, and will thus facilitate early diagnostic analysis of aneurysmal disease. In this study, we reviewed these molecular imaging modalities and their association with aneurysm growth and/or rupture risk and their limitations. Furthermore, we outline recent pre-clinical and clinical developments in molecular imaging of AA and provide future perspectives based on the advancements made within the field. Within the vastness of pre-clinical markers that have been studied in mice, molecular imaging targets such as elastin/collagen, albumin, matrix metalloproteinases and immune cells demonstrate promising results regarding rupture risk assessment within the pre-clinical setting. Subsequently, these markers hold potential as a future diagnosticum of clinical AA assessment. However currently, clinical translation of molecular imaging is still at the onset. Future human trials are required to assess the effectivity of potentially viable molecular markers with various imaging modalities for clinical rupture risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinamr Rastogi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne J. M. Stefens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith Houwaart
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hence J. M. Verhagen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jorg L. de Bruin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid van der Pluijm
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Essers
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jeroen Essers
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6
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Ng TSC, Allen HH, Rashidian M, Miller MA. Probing immune infiltration dynamics in cancer by in vivo imaging. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 67:102117. [PMID: 35219177 PMCID: PMC9118268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies typically aim to stimulate the accumulation and activity of cytotoxic T-cells or pro-inflammatory antigen-presenting cells, reduce immunosuppressive myeloid cells or regulatory T-cells, or elicit some combination of effects thereof. Notwithstanding the encouraging results, immunotherapies such as PD-1/PD-L1-targeted immune checkpoint blockade act heterogeneously across individual patients. It remains challenging to predict and monitor individual responses, especially across multiple sites of metastasis or sites of potential toxicity. To address this need, in vivo imaging of both adaptive and innate immune cell populations has emerged as a tool to quantify spatial leukocyte accumulation in tumors non-invasively. Here we review recent progress in the translational development of probes for in vivo leukocyte imaging, focusing on complementary perspectives provided by imaging of T-cells, phagocytic macrophages, and their responses to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S C Ng
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Harris H Allen
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
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7
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More S, Marakalala MJ, Sathekge M. Tuberculosis: Role of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging With Potential Impact of Neutrophil-Specific Tracers. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:758636. [PMID: 34957144 PMCID: PMC8703031 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.758636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
With Tuberculosis (TB) affecting millions of people worldwide, novel imaging modalities and tools, particularly nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, have grown with greater interest to assess the biology of the tuberculous granuloma and evolution thereof. Much early work has been performed at the pre-clinical level using gamma single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) agents exploiting certain characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb). Both antituberculous SPECT and positron emission tomography (PET) agents have been utilised to characterise MTb. Other PET tracers have been utilised to help to characterise the biology of MTb (including Gallium-68-labelled radiopharmaceuticals). Of all the tracers, 2-[18F]FDG has been studied extensively over the last two decades in many aspects of the treatment paradigm of TB: at diagnosis, staging, response assessment, restaging, and in potentially predicting the outcome of patients with latent TB infection. Its lower specificity in being able to distinguish different inflammatory cell types in the granuloma has garnered interest in reviewing more specific agents that can portend prognostic implications in the management of MTb. With the neutrophil being a cell type that portends this poorer prognosis, imaging this cell type may be able to answer more accurately questions relating to the tuberculous granuloma transmissivity and may help in characterising patients who may be at risk of developing active TB. The formyl peptide receptor 1(FPR1) expressed by neutrophils is a key marker in this process and is a potential target to characterise these areas. The pre-clinical work regarding the role of radiolabelled N-cinnamoyl –F-(D) L – F – (D) –L F (cFLFLF) (which is an antagonist for FPR1) using Technetium 99m-labelled conjugates and more recently radiolabelled with Gallium-68 and Copper 64 is discussed. It is the hope that further work with this tracer may accelerate its potential to be utilised in responding to many of the current diagnostic dilemmas and challenges in TB management, thereby making the tracer a translatable option in routine clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart More
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Stuart More
| | - Mohlopheni J. Marakalala
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michael Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
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8
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Spinosa MD, Montgomery WG, Lempicki M, Srikakulapu P, Johnsrude MJ, McNamara CA, Upchurch GR, Ailawadi G, Leitinger N, Meher AK. B Cell-Activating Factor Antagonism Attenuates the Growth of Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:2231-2244. [PMID: 34509440 PMCID: PMC8647430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
B cell-activating factor (BAFF), part of a tumor necrosis factor family of cytokines, was recently identified as a regulator of atherosclerosis; however, its role in aortic aneurysm has not been determined. Here, the study examined the effect of selective BAFF antagonism using an anti-BAFF antibody (blocks binding of BAFF to receptors BAFF receptor 3, transmembrane activator and CAML interactor, and B-cell maturation antigen) and mBaffR-mFc (blocks binding of BAFF to BAFF receptor 3) on a murine model of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). In a prevention strategy, the antagonists were injected before the induction of AAA, and in an intervention strategy, the antagonists were injected after the induction of AAA. Both strategies attenuated the formation of AAA. In the intervention group, BAFF antagonism depleted most of the mature B-cell subsets in spleen and circulation, leading to enhanced resolution of inflammation in AAA as indicated by decreased infiltration of B cells and proinflammatory macrophages and a reduced number of apoptotic cells. In AAA tissues, B cells and macrophages were found in close contact. In vitro, B cells, irrespective of treatment with BAFF, impaired the efferocytosis activity of macrophages, suggesting a direct innate role of B cells on macrophage function. Altogether, BAFF antagonism affects survival of the mature B cells, promotes resolution of inflammation in the aorta, and attenuates the growth of AAA in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/therapy
- B-Cell Activating Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- B-Cell Activating Factor/genetics
- B-Cell Activating Factor/immunology
- B-Cell Activating Factor/physiology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Cell Count
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/pharmacology
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/therapeutic use
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Spinosa
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Melissa Lempicki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Prasad Srikakulapu
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Matthew J Johnsrude
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Coleen A McNamara
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Gilbert R Upchurch
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Akshaya K Meher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Mattila JT, Beaino W, White AG, Nyiranshuti L, Maiello P, Tomko J, Frye LJ, Fillmore D, Scanga CA, Lin PL, Flynn JL, Anderson CJ. Retention of 64Cu-FLFLF, a Formyl Peptide Receptor 1-Specific PET Probe, Correlates with Macrophage and Neutrophil Abundance in Lung Granulomas from Cynomolgus Macaques. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2264-2276. [PMID: 34255474 PMCID: PMC8744071 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophilic inflammation correlates with severe tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Granulomas are lesions that form in TB, and a PET probe for following neutrophil recruitment to granulomas could predict disease progression. We tested the formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1)-targeting peptide FLFLF in Mtb-infected macaques. Preliminary studies in mice demonstrated specificity for neutrophils. In macaques, 64Cu-FLFLF was retained in lung granulomas and analysis of lung granulomas identified positive correlations between 64Cu-FLFLF and neutrophil and macrophage numbers (R2 = 0.8681 and 0.7643, respectively), and weaker correlations for T cells and B cells (R2 = 0.5744 and 0.5908, respectively), suggesting that multiple cell types drive 64Cu-FLFLF avidity. By PET/CT imaging, we found that granulomas retained 64Cu-FLFLF but with less avidity than the glucose analog 18F-FDG. These studies suggest that neutrophil-specific probes have potential PET/CT applications in TB, but important issues need to be addressed before they can be used in nonhuman primates and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
| | - Alexander G White
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - Lea Nyiranshuti
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - Jaime Tomko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - L James Frye
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - Daniel Fillmore
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - Charles A Scanga
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
| | - JoAnne L Flynn
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
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10
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Yang X, Ignozzi AJ, He R, Zhu D, Wang X, Chordia MD, Pan D, Cui Q. Detection of Osteoarthritis Inflammation by Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Based on an Inflammation-Targeting Peptide cFLFLF. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:895-904. [PMID: 34031844 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although inflammation has been recognized as a key process in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), there remains no clinical noninvasive imaging modality that can specifically diagnose inflammatory activity of OA. In this study, a formyl peptide receptor 1 (Fpr1) targeting probe cFLFLF-PEG-HYNIC-99mTc and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging was used to detect inflammatory activity by targeting macrophages involved in the pathogenesis of OA. PROCEDURES In vitro experiments were performed to evaluate Fpr1 expression during macrophage inflammatory response. In the in vivo studies, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery was performed, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological data were assessed to analyze the OA model in both mice and rats. The radioactive probe cFLFLF-PEG-HYNIC-99mTc and SPECT imaging were used to corroborate OA-related inflammation and compare ACLT vs sham knees. RESULTS In vitro macrophage activation resulted in a remarkable increase in Fpr1 expression. In vivo experiments in mice and rats produced similar results. MRI and histological analysis demonstrated significant joint degeneration in the ACLT knee. The ACLT knee produced a much stronger signal from the probe when compared to the sham knee. It is important to note that the ratio of ACLT/sham knee signal intensity decreased with OA progression, indicating greater differences earlier in the progression of OA. CONCLUSION The radioactive probe cFLFLF-PEG-HYNIC-99mTc and SPECT imaging are effective for detecting and monitoring inflammation during OA progression by targeting Fpr1 expression in the knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Anthony J Ignozzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Rui He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Xisha Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mahendra D Chordia
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
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Regulation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Formyl Peptide Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease Progression. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030243. [PMID: 33804219 PMCID: PMC7998928 DOI: 10.3390/life11030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most important regulators of cardiac function and are commonly targeted for medical therapeutics. Formyl-Peptide Receptors (FPRs) are members of the GPCR superfamily and play an emerging role in cardiovascular pathologies. FPRs can modulate oxidative stress through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production whose dysregulation has been observed in different cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, many studies are focused on identifying molecular mechanisms of the regulation of ROS production. FPR1, FPR2 and FPR3 belong to the FPRs family and their stimulation triggers phosphorylation of intracellular signaling molecules and nonsignaling proteins that are required for NADPH oxidase activation. Some FPR agonists trigger inflammatory processes, while other ligands activate proresolving or anti-inflammatory pathways, depending on the nature of the ligands. In general, bacterial and mitochondrial formylated peptides activate a proinflammatory cell response through FPR1, while Annexin A1 and Lipoxin A4 are anti-inflammatory FPR2 ligands. FPR2 can also trigger a proinflammatory pathway and the switch between FPR2-mediated pro- and anti-inflammatory cell responses depends on conformational changes of the receptor upon ligand binding. Here we describe the detrimental or beneficial effects of the main FPR agonists and their potential role as new therapeutic and diagnostic targets in the progression of cardiovascular diseases.
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12
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Golledge J, Krishna SM, Wang Y. Mouse models for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:792-810. [PMID: 32914434 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture is estimated to cause 200,000 deaths each year. Currently, the only treatment for AAA is surgical repair; however, this is only indicated for large asymptomatic, symptomatic or ruptured aneurysms, is not always durable, and is associated with a risk of serious perioperative complications. As a result, patients with small asymptomatic aneurysms or who are otherwise unfit for surgery are treated conservatively, but up to 70% of small aneurysms continue to grow, increasing the risk of rupture. There is thus an urgent need to develop drug therapies effective at slowing AAA growth. This review describes the commonly used mouse models for AAA. Recent research in these models highlights key roles for pathways involved in inflammation and cell turnover in AAA pathogenesis. There is also evidence for long non-coding RNAs and thrombosis in aneurysm pathology. Further well-designed research in clinically relevant models is expected to be translated into effective AAA drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,The Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Smriti Murali Krishna
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,The Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yutang Wang
- Discipline of Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
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