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Stark R. The olfactory bulb: A neuroendocrine spotlight on feeding and metabolism. J Neuroendocrinol 2024; 36:e13382. [PMID: 38468186 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Olfaction is the most ancient sense and is needed for food-seeking, danger protection, mating and survival. It is often the first sensory modality to perceive changes in the external environment, before sight, taste or sound. Odour molecules activate olfactory sensory neurons that reside on the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity, which transmits this odour-specific information to the olfactory bulb (OB), where it is relayed to higher brain regions involved in olfactory perception and behaviour. Besides odour processing, recent studies suggest that the OB extends its function into the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Furthermore, numerous hormone receptors associated with appetite and metabolism are expressed within the OB, suggesting a neuroendocrine role outside the hypothalamus. Olfactory cues are important to promote food preparatory behaviours and consumption, such as enhancing appetite and salivation. In addition, altered metabolism or energy state (fasting, satiety and overnutrition) can change olfactory processing and perception. Similarly, various animal models and human pathologies indicate a strong link between olfactory impairment and metabolic dysfunction. Therefore, understanding the nature of this reciprocal relationship is critical to understand how olfactory or metabolic disorders arise. This present review elaborates on the connection between olfaction, feeding behaviour and metabolism and will shed light on the neuroendocrine role of the OB as an interface between the external and internal environments. Elucidating the specific mechanisms by which olfactory signals are integrated and translated into metabolic responses holds promise for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and interventions aimed at modulating appetite and promoting metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Stark
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Wang KY, Wu SM, Yao ZJ, Zhu YX, Han X. Insufficient TRPM5 Mediates Lipotoxicity-induced Pancreatic β-cell Dysfunction. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:346-354. [PMID: 38517672 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the reduction of transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5) has been reported in islet cells from type 2 diabetic (T2D) mouse models, its role in lipotoxicity-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction remains unclear. This study aims to study its role. METHODS Pancreas slices were prepared from mice subjected to a high-fat-diet (HFD) at different time points, and TRPM5 expression in the pancreatic β cells was examined using immunofluorescence staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) defects caused by lipotoxicity were mimicked by saturated fatty acid palmitate (Palm). Primary mouse islets and mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells were treated with Palm, and the TRPM5 expression was detected using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Palm-induced GSIS defects were measured following siRNA-based Trpm5 knockdown. The detrimental effects of Palm on primary mouse islets were also assessed after overexpressing Trpm5 via an adenovirus-derived Trpm5 (Ad-Trpm5). RESULTS HFD feeding decreased the mRNA levels and protein expression of TRPM5 in mouse pancreatic islets. Palm reduced TRPM5 protein expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner in MIN6 cells. Palm also inhibited TRPM5 expression in primary mouse islets. Knockdown of Trpm5 inhibited insulin secretion upon high glucose stimulation but had little effect on insulin biosynthesis. Overexpression of Trpm5 reversed Palm-induced GSIS defects and the production of functional maturation molecules unique to β cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that lipotoxicity inhibits TRPM5 expression in pancreatic β cells both in vivo and in vitro and, in turn, drives β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shi-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zheng-Jian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yun-Xia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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3
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Perniss A, Boonen B, Tonack S, Thiel M, Poharkar K, Alnouri MW, Keshavarz M, Papadakis T, Wiegand S, Pfeil U, Richter K, Althaus M, Oberwinkler J, Schütz B, Boehm U, Offermanns S, Leinders-Zufall T, Zufall F, Kummer W. A succinate/SUCNR1-brush cell defense program in the tracheal epithelium. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8842. [PMID: 37531421 PMCID: PMC10396310 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Host-derived succinate accumulates in the airways during bacterial infection. Here, we show that luminal succinate activates murine tracheal brush (tuft) cells through a signaling cascade involving the succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1), phospholipase Cβ2, and the cation channel transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5). Stimulated brush cells then trigger a long-range Ca2+ wave spreading radially over the tracheal epithelium through a sequential signaling process. First, brush cells release acetylcholine, which excites nearby cells via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. From there, the Ca2+ wave propagates through gap junction signaling, reaching also distant ciliated and secretory cells. These effector cells translate activation into enhanced ciliary activity and Cl- secretion, which are synergistic in boosting mucociliary clearance, the major innate defense mechanism of the airways. Our data establish tracheal brush cells as a central hub in triggering a global epithelial defense program in response to a danger-associated metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Perniss
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Brett Boonen
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Center for Brain and Disease, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Tonack
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Moritz Thiel
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Krupali Poharkar
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohamad Wessam Alnouri
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tamara Papadakis
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silke Wiegand
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Uwe Pfeil
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Richter
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mike Althaus
- Physiology Group, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Johannes Oberwinkler
- Institut für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Schütz
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Trese Leinders-Zufall
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Zufall
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kummer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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4
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Ojha NK, Zufall F, Leinders-Zufall T. Optical Activation of Photoswitchable TRPC Ligands in the Mammalian Olfactory System Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2710:31-47. [PMID: 37688722 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3425-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) ion channels play important biological roles, but their activation mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we describe recent methodological advances using small molecular probes designed for photopharmacology of TRPC channels by focusing on results obtained from the mouse olfactory system. These studies developed and used photoswitchable diacylglycerol (DAG) analogs for ultrarapid activation of native TRPC2 channels in vomeronasal sensory neurons and type B cells of the main olfactory epithelium. Further studies investigated the role of TRPC5 channels in prolactin regulation of dopamine neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Here, the first photoswitchable TRPC5 modulator, BTDAzo, was developed and shown to control endogenous TRPC5-based neuronal Ca2+ responses in mouse brain slices. Thus, photoswitchable reagents are rapidly gaining widespread recognition for investigating various types of TRPC channels including TRPC2, TRPC3, TRPC5, and TRPC6, enabling to gain new insights into the gating mechanisms and functions of these channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin K Ojha
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Zufall
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Trese Leinders-Zufall
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Hollenhorst MI, Nandigama R, Evers SB, Gamayun I, Abdel Wadood N, Salah A, Pieper M, Wyatt A, Stukalov A, Gebhardt A, Nadolni W, Burow W, Herr C, Beisswenger C, Kusumakshi S, Ectors F, Kichko TI, Hübner L, Reeh P, Munder A, Wienhold SM, Witzenrath M, Bals R, Flockerzi V, Gudermann T, Bischoff M, Lipp P, Zierler S, Chubanov V, Pichlmair A, König P, Boehm U, Krasteva-Christ G. Bitter taste signaling in tracheal epithelial brush cells elicits innate immune responses to bacterial infection. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:150951. [PMID: 35503420 PMCID: PMC9246383 DOI: 10.1172/jci150951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Constant exposure of the airways to inhaled pathogens requires efficient early immune responses protecting against infections. How bacteria on the epithelial surface are detected and first-line protective mechanisms are initiated are not well understood. We have recently shown that tracheal brush cells (BCs) express functional taste receptors. Here we report that bitter taste signaling in murine BCs induces neurogenic inflammation. We demonstrate that BC signaling stimulates adjacent sensory nerve endings in the trachea to release the neuropeptides CGRP and substance P that mediate plasma extravasation, neutrophil recruitment, and diapedesis. Moreover, we show that bitter tasting quorum-sensing molecules from Pseudomonas aeruginosa activate tracheal BCs. BC signaling depends on the key taste transduction gene Trpm5, triggers secretion of immune mediators, among them the most abundant member of the complement system, and is needed to combat P. aeruginosa infections. Our data provide functional insight into first-line defense mechanisms against bacterial infections of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Saskia B Evers
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Igor Gamayun
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Noran Abdel Wadood
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Alaa Salah
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mario Pieper
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Amanda Wyatt
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Stukalov
- Immunopathology of Virus Infection Laboratory, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Gebhardt
- Immunopathology of Virus Infection Laboratory, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wiebke Nadolni
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Wera Burow
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Soumya Kusumakshi
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Fabien Ectors
- FARAH Mammalian Transgenics Platform, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tatjana I Kichko
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Hübner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Reeh
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antje Munder
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra-Maria Wienhold
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter Lipp
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Susanna Zierler
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Vladimir Chubanov
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Pichlmair
- Immunopathology of Virus Infection Laboratory, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter König
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Villamayor PR, Robledo D, Fernández C, Gullón J, Quintela L, Sánchez-Quinteiro P, Martínez P. Analysis of the vomeronasal organ transcriptome reveals variable gene expression depending on age and function in rabbits. Genomics 2021; 113:2240-2252. [PMID: 34015461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a chemosensory organ specialized in pheromone detection that shows a broad morphofunctional and genomic diversity among mammals. However, its expression patterns have only been well-characterized in mice. Here, we provide the first comprehensive RNA sequencing study of the rabbit VNO across gender and sexual maturation stages. We characterized the VNO transcriptome, updating the number and expression of the two main vomeronasal receptor families, including 128 V1Rs and 67 V2Rs. Further, we defined the expression of formyl-peptide receptor and transient receptor potential channel families, both known to have specific roles in the VNO. Several sex hormone-related pathways were consistently enriched in the VNO, highlighting the relevance of this organ in reproduction. Moreover, whereas juvenile and adult VNOs showed significant transcriptome differences, male and female did not. Overall, these results contribute to understand the genomic basis of behavioural responses mediated by the VNO in a non-rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Villamayor
- Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain; Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - D Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - C Fernández
- Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - J Gullón
- Conejos Gallegos, COGAL SL, Rodeiro, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - L Quintela
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - P Sánchez-Quinteiro
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
| | - P Martínez
- Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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7
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Baxter BD, Larson ED, Merle L, Feinstein P, Polese AG, Bubak AN, Niemeyer CS, Hassell J, Shepherd D, Ramakrishnan VR, Nagel MA, Restrepo D. Transcriptional profiling reveals potential involvement of microvillous TRPM5-expressing cells in viral infection of the olfactory epithelium. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:224. [PMID: 33781205 PMCID: PMC8007386 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding viral infection of the olfactory epithelium is essential because the olfactory nerve is an important route of entry for viruses to the central nervous system. Specialized chemosensory epithelial cells that express the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5) are found throughout the airways and intestinal epithelium and are involved in responses to viral infection. Results Herein we performed deep transcriptional profiling of olfactory epithelial cells sorted by flow cytometry based on the expression of mCherry as a marker for olfactory sensory neurons and for eGFP in OMP-H2B::mCherry/TRPM5-eGFP transgenic mice (Mus musculus). We find profuse expression of transcripts involved in inflammation, immunity and viral infection in TRPM5-expressing microvillous cells compared to olfactory sensory neurons. Conclusion Our study provides new insights into a potential role for TRPM5-expressing microvillous cells in viral infection of the olfactory epithelium. We find that, as found for solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) and brush cells in the airway epithelium, and for tuft cells in the intestine, the transcriptome of TRPM5-expressing microvillous cells indicates that they are likely involved in the inflammatory response elicited by viral infection of the olfactory epithelium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07528-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dnate' Baxter
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Eric D Larson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Laetitia Merle
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Paul Feinstein
- The Graduate Center Biochemistry, Biology and CUNY-Neuroscience-Collaborative Programs and Biological Sciences Department, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Arianna Gentile Polese
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew N Bubak
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Christy S Niemeyer
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - James Hassell
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Doug Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Center for Biological Physics and Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Vijay R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Maria A Nagel
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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8
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Baxter BD, Larson ED, Merle L, Feinstein P, Polese AG, Bubak AN, Niemeyer CS, Hassell J, Shepherd D, Ramakrishnan VR, Nagel MA, Restrepo D. Transcriptional profiling reveals potential involvement of microvillous TRPM5-expressing cells in viral infection of the olfactory epithelium. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020. [PMID: 32511400 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.14.096016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Understanding viral infection of the olfactory epithelium is essential because the olfactory nerve is an important route of entry for viruses to the central nervous system. Specialized chemosensory epithelial cells that express the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5) are found throughout the airways and intestinal epithelium and are involved in responses to viral infection. Results Herein we performed deep transcriptional profiling of olfactory epithelial cells sorted by flow cytometry based on the expression of mCherry as a marker for olfactory sensory neurons and for eGFP in OMP-H2B::mCherry/TRPM5-eGFP transgenic mice ( Mus musculus ). We find profuse expression of transcripts involved in inflammation, immunity and viral infection in TRPM5-expressing microvillous cells. Conclusion Our study provides new insights into a potential role for TRPM5-expressing microvillous cells in viral infection of the olfactory epithelium. We find that, as found for solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) and brush cells in the airway epithelium, and for tuft cells in the intestine, the transcriptome of TRPM5-expressing microvillous cells indicates that they are likely involved in the inflammatory response elicited by viral infection of the olfactory epithelium.
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9
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Eckstein E, Pyrski M, Pinto S, Freichel M, Vennekens R, Zufall F. Cyclic regulation of Trpm4 expression in female vomeronasal neurons driven by ovarian sex hormones. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 105:103495. [PMID: 32298804 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The vomeronasal organ (VNO), the sensory organ of the mammalian accessory olfactory system, mediates the activation of sexually dimorphic reproductive behavioral and endocrine responses in males and females. It is unclear how sexually dimorphic and state-dependent responses are generated by vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs). Here, we report the expression of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel Trpm4, a Ca2+-activated monovalent cation channel, as a second TRP channel present in mouse VSNs, in addition to the diacylglycerol-sensitive Trpc2 channel. The expression of Trpm4 in the mouse VNO is sexually dimorphic and, in females, is tightly linked to their reproductive cycle. We show that Trpm4 protein expression is upregulated specifically during proestrus and estrus, when female mice are about to ovulate and become sexually active and receptive. The cyclic regulation of Trpm4 expression in female VSNs depends on ovarian sex hormones and is abolished by surgical removal of the ovaries (OVX). Trpm4 upregulation can be restored in OVX mice by systemic treatment with 17ß-estradiol, requires endogenous activity of aromatase enzyme, and is strongly reduced during late pregnancy. This cyclic regulation of Trpm4 offers a neural mechanism by which female mice could regulate the relative strength of sensory signals in their VSNs, depending on hormonal state. Trpm4 is likely to participate in sex-specific, estrous cycle-dependent and sex hormone-regulated functions of the VNO, and may serve as a previously unknown genetic substrate for dissecting mammalian sexually dimorphic cellular and behavioral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Eckstein
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martina Pyrski
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Pinto
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Zufall
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Perniss A, Liu S, Boonen B, Keshavarz M, Ruppert AL, Timm T, Pfeil U, Soultanova A, Kusumakshi S, Delventhal L, Aydin Ö, Pyrski M, Deckmann K, Hain T, Schmidt N, Ewers C, Günther A, Lochnit G, Chubanov V, Gudermann T, Oberwinkler J, Klein J, Mikoshiba K, Leinders-Zufall T, Offermanns S, Schütz B, Boehm U, Zufall F, Bufe B, Kummer W. Chemosensory Cell-Derived Acetylcholine Drives Tracheal Mucociliary Clearance in Response to Virulence-Associated Formyl Peptides. Immunity 2020; 52:683-699.e11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Nakashima A, Ihara N, Shigeta M, Kiyonari H, Ikegaya Y, Takeuchi H. Structured spike series specify gene expression patterns for olfactory circuit formation. Science 2019; 365:science.aaw5030. [PMID: 31171707 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw5030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neural circuits emerge through the interplay of genetic programming and activity-dependent processes. During the development of the mouse olfactory map, axons segregate into distinct glomeruli in an olfactory receptor (OR)-dependent manner. ORs generate a combinatorial code of axon-sorting molecules whose expression is regulated by neural activity. However, it remains unclear how neural activity induces OR-specific expression patterns of axon-sorting molecules. We found that the temporal patterns of spontaneous neuronal spikes were not spatially organized but were correlated with the OR types. Receptor substitution experiments demonstrated that ORs determine spontaneous activity patterns. Moreover, optogenetically differentiated patterns of neuronal activity induced specific expression of the corresponding axon-sorting molecules and regulated axonal segregation. Thus, OR-dependent temporal patterns of spontaneous activity play instructive roles in generating the combinatorial code of axon-sorting molecules during olfactory map formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Nakashima
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naoki Ihara
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mayo Shigeta
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,Laboratory for Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruki Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. .,Social Cooperation Program of Evolutional Chemical Safety Assessment System, LECSAS, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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12
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Pyrski M, Tusty M, Eckstein E, Oboti L, Rodriguez-Gil DJ, Greer CA, Zufall F. P/Q Type Calcium Channel Cav2.1 Defines a Unique Subset of Glomeruli in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:295. [PMID: 30233329 PMCID: PMC6131590 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium (Cav) channels are a prerequisite for signal transmission at the first olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) synapse within the glomeruli of the main olfactory bulb (MOB). We showed previously that the N-type Cav channel subunit Cav2.2 is present in the vast majority of glomeruli and plays a central role in presynaptic transmitter release. Here, we identify a distinct subset of glomeruli in the MOB of adult mice that is characterized by expression of the P/Q-type channel subunit Cav2.1. Immunolocalization shows that Cav2.1+ glomeruli reside predominantly in the medial and dorsal MOB, and in the vicinity of the necklace glomerular region close to the accessory olfactory bulb. Few glomeruli are detected on the ventral and lateral MOB. Cav2.1 labeling in glomeruli colocalizes with the presynaptic marker vGlut2 in the axon terminals of OSNs. Electron microscopy shows that Cav2.1+ presynaptic boutons establish characteristic asymmetrical synapses with the dendrites of second-order neurons in the glomerular neuropil. Cav2.1+ glomeruli receive axonal input from OSNs that express molecules of canonical OSNs: olfactory marker protein, the ion channel Cnga2, and the phosphodiesterase Pde4a. In the main olfactory epithelium, Cav2.1 labels a distinct subpopulation of OSNs whose distribution mirrors the topography of the MOB glomeruli, that shows the same molecular signature, and is already present at birth. Together, these experiments identify a unique Cav2.1+ multiglomerular domain in the MOB that may form a previously unrecognized olfactory subsystem distinct from other groups of necklace glomeruli that rely on cGMP signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pyrski
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mahbuba Tusty
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Eugenia Eckstein
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Livio Oboti
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Diego J. Rodriguez-Gil
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Charles A. Greer
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Frank Zufall
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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13
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14
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Wyatt A, Wartenberg P, Candlish M, Krasteva-Christ G, Flockerzi V, Boehm U. Genetic strategies to analyze primary TRP channel-expressing cells in mice. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:91-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Julliard AK, Al Koborssy D, Fadool DA, Palouzier-Paulignan B. Nutrient Sensing: Another Chemosensitivity of the Olfactory System. Front Physiol 2017; 8:468. [PMID: 28747887 PMCID: PMC5506222 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is a major sensory modality involved in real time perception of the chemical composition of the external environment. Olfaction favors anticipation and rapid adaptation of behavioral responses necessary for animal survival. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated that there is a direct action of metabolic peptides on the olfactory network. Orexigenic peptides such as ghrelin and orexin increase olfactory sensitivity, which in turn, is decreased by anorexigenic hormones such as insulin and leptin. In addition to peptides, nutrients can play a key role on neuronal activity. Very little is known about nutrient sensing in olfactory areas. Nutrients, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids, could play a key role in modulating olfactory sensitivity to adjust feeding behavior according to metabolic need. Here we summarize recent findings on nutrient-sensing neurons in olfactory areas and delineate the limits of our knowledge on this topic. The present review opens new lines of investigations on the relationship between olfaction and food intake, which could contribute to determining the etiology of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Karyn Julliard
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM U1028/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5292 Team Olfaction: From Coding to MemoryLyon, France
| | - Dolly Al Koborssy
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, FL, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Debra A Fadool
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, FL, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, FL, United States.,Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Brigitte Palouzier-Paulignan
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM U1028/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5292 Team Olfaction: From Coding to MemoryLyon, France
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