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Dabic-Stankovic K, Rajkovic K, Stankovic J, Marosevic G, Kolarevic G, Pavicar B. High-dose-rate Brachytherapy Monotherapy in Patients With Localised Prostate Cancer: Dose Modelling and Optimisation Using Computer Algorithms. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:378-389. [PMID: 38584072 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) is an effective therapy modality for patients with localized prostate carcinoma. The objectives of the study were to optimise the therapy regime variables using two models: response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one studies with 5651 patients were included (2078 patients presented as low-risk, 3077 patients with intermediate-risk, and 496 patients with high-risk). A comparison of these therapy schedules was carried out using an effective biologically effective dose (BEDef) that was calculated assuming the number of treatment days and dose (D) per day. The modelling and optimization of therapy parameters (BEDef and risk level) in order to obtain the maximum biochemical free survival (BFS) were carried out by the RSM and ANN models. RESULTS An optimal treatment schedule (BFS = 97%) for patients presented with low-risk biochemical recurrence would be D = 26 Gy applied in one application, 2 fractions at least 6 h apart, within an overall treatment time of 1 day (BEDef = 251 Gy) by the RSM and ANN model. For patients presented with intermediate- or high-risk an optimal treatment regime (BFS = 94% and 90%, respectively) would be D = 38 Gy applied in one application, 4 fractions at least 6 h apart, with an overall treatment time of 2 days (BEDef = 279 Gy) by the RSM and ANN models. CONCLUSIONS The RSM and ANN models determine almost the same optimal values for the set of predicted therapy parameters that make a feasible selection of an optimal treatment regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dabic-Stankovic
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - K Rajkovic
- Academy of Applied Preschool Teaching and Health Studies, Krusevac, Serbia; Bijeljina University, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - J Stankovic
- Bijeljina University, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Academy for Applied Studies Belgrade, The College of Health Sciences, Zemun, Serbia.
| | - G Marosevic
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - G Kolarevic
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - B Pavicar
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Newman RG, Moon Y, Tou JC, McManus T, Waterland NL. Harvest Stage and Brewing Conditions Impact Mineral Content, Phenolic Compounds, and Antioxidant Capacity of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Herbal Tea. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023:10.1007/s11130-023-01048-8. [PMID: 36971946 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is commonly consumed as an herbal tea for its antioxidant health benefits. Young seedlings known as microgreens are popular for their distinct flavors and can contain higher mineral content on a dry weight basis compared to their adult counterparts. However, the use of microgreens for herbal teas has not been previously investigated. In this study, lemon balm was grown to adult and microgreen harvest stages and prepared as herbal teas by brewing with boiled (100 °C) water for 5 minutes and room temperature water (22 °C) for 2 hours. The effects of harvest time and brewing method on the mineral content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of lemon balm herbal teas were assessed. Results showed that adult lemon balm tea contained higher total phenolics, total flavonoids, rosmarinic acid, and antioxidant capacity than microgreen teas, with hot preparations containing the highest amounts (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, microgreen lemon balm teas contained higher amounts of minerals (p ≤ 0.05), including calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, and zinc. In general, brewing conditions did not impact the content of most minerals. Overall, the results support the potential of using dried microgreens as herbal teas. Microgreen lemon balm teas prepared hot and cold offer antioxidant compounds and are richer sources of minerals than adult teas. The ease of growth for microgreens offers consumers the opportunity for home preparation of a novel herbal tea beverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G Newman
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Youyoun Moon
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Janet C Tou
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Terence McManus
- Cancer Institute Research Laboratories, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nicole L Waterland
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Milić PS, Rajković KM, Nikolić GS, Jeremić S, Đurašević M. Preparation of Juglans nigra L. husk extracts by applying an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method and process optimization of minerals extraction using response surface methodology. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Identification of synthetic cannabinoid methyl 2-{[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1 H-indol-3-yl] formamido}-3-methylbutanoate using modern mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The samples of plant material suspected to contain new psychoactive substances are very often the subject of chemical-toxicological analyses. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS), liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-MS, and liquid chromatography-tandem MS were applied with the aim to identify synthetic cannabinoid, methyl 2-{[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl] formamido}-3-methylbutanoate (MMB-CHMICA) without the analytical standard, which is very often the case when a new drug arrives. The structure of compound was also confirmed by one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and conformational analysis. After identification, methanolic extract of plant material containing MMB-CHMICA was successfully used for developing a multiple reaction monitoring method on liquid chromatography-tandem MS instrument. The optimization procedure is shown in detail. The complete fragmentation pattern and also the optimization of the extraction procedure of MMB-CHMICA from plant material were shown. The obtained data are useful for forensic, toxicological, and clinical purposes.
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Lainez-Cerón E, Jiménez-Munguía MT, López-Malo A, Ramírez-Corona N. Effect of process variables on heating profiles and extraction mechanisms during hydrodistillation of eucalyptus essential oil. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08234. [PMID: 34754975 PMCID: PMC8564561 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of different process variables, such as solid/liquid ratio (1: 1, 1: 3, or 1: 5 g/ml) and stirring speeds (0, 200, or 400 rpm), was studied on the extraction mechanisms of eucalyptus essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation (HD). Different performance parameters such as obtained yield, energy requirements, and environmental impact were compared to those obtained by steam distillation (SD). Two different mathematical models were used to describe the process behavior. The obtained results indicate that the system with a solid/liquid ratio of 1:5 g/ml using a stirring speed of 400 rpm yielded maximum for HD (1.19% ± 0.01%). The environmental impact expressed as Ecopoints (EI99) ranged between 50.87 ± 13.18 and 78.17 ± 13.82 mPT/g essential oil (EO) for systems with steam injection, whereas for HD took values between 16.9 ± 0.3 and 19.24 ± 1.4 mPT/g EO at optimal operating conditions. The model parameters allowed us to identify that large amounts of steam at lower heating velocities induce a high accumulation of EO in the aqueous layer (vapor-liquid equilibrium at the interface), favoring the extraction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Lainez-Cerón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, 72810, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Jiménez-Munguía
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, 72810, Mexico
| | - Aurelio López-Malo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, 72810, Mexico
| | - Nelly Ramírez-Corona
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, 72810, Mexico
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He M, Zhou Y. How to identify “Material basis–Quality markers” more accurately in Chinese herbal medicines from modern chromatography-mass spectrometry data-sets: Opportunities and challenges of chemometric tools. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:2-16. [PMID: 36117762 PMCID: PMC9476807 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Understanding effect of solution chemistry on heteroaggregation of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:457-469. [PMID: 31272006 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The reported presence of mixture of nanoparticles in environmental water warrants developing understanding on their aggregation and fate. This study tried to address this question and focused on understanding effects of pH (3,7 and 10), background electrolyte concentration (1 mM and 10 mM as NaCl) and nanoparticle (NP) concentration (1 and 10 mg/L) on stability of suspension containing mixture of two commonly-found metal oxide-based NP (i.e., ZnO and CuO NPs) in a 6-h study (output variables: aggregation rate constant, settling rate constant, difference in zeta potential, change of metal content in suspension and on aggregates). Two iso-electric point values were obtained: pH 3.08 and 8.33 for mixture suspension in DI (De-ionized) water and pH 5.69 and 8.65 for mixture suspension with 10 mM electrolyte concentration. Settling rate constant and aggregation rate constant values of suspension containing mixture of NPs varied between 0.02 and 0.23 NTU/(NTU-hour) and 0.0002 and 0.03 nm/s, respectively. At natural pH condition, settling rate constant and aggregation rate constant values were obtained to be 0.05 NTU/(NTU- hour) and 0.012 nm/s. The Derjaguin-Landau-Verway-Overbeek (DLVO) analyses indicated that aggregation of mixture of NPs might be happening due to combined effects of ionic layer compression, charge neutralization and van der Waals attraction. Dissolution of nanoparticles was found to be significantly affected by change in pH of suspension. Stability of mixture of nanoparticles was observed to decrease with increasing pH, ionic strength and nanoparticle concentration values. For ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, model equations were developed for predicting their (i) aggregation rate constant, (ii) settling rate constant, (iii) difference in zeta potential, (iv) percentage change of metal in suspension and (v) solid Zn fractions of mixture of nanoparticles as a function of pH, ionic strength and NP concentration. These information are useful in understanding fate of mixture of NPs in suspension as well as in settled solids in natural water bodies and in water treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Optimization of Parameters for the Dissolution of Mn from Manganese Nodules with the Use of Tailings in An Acid Medium. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9070387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Manganese nodules are an attractive source of base metals and critical and rare elements and are required to meet a high demand of today’s industry. In previous studies, it has been shown that high concentrations of reducing agent (Fe) in the system are beneficial for the rapid extraction of manganese. However, it is necessary to optimize the operational parameters in order to maximize Mn recovery. In this study, a statistical analysis was carried out using factorial experimental design for the main parameters, including time, MnO2/Fe2O3 ratio, and H2SO4 concentration. After this, Mn recovery tests were carried out over time at different ratios of MnO2/Fe2O3 and H2SO4 concentrations, where the potential and pH of the system were measured. Finally, it is concluded that high concentrations of FeSO4 in the system allow operating in potential and pH ranges (−0.2 to 1.2 V and −1.8 to 0.1) that favor the formation of Fe2+ and Fe3+, which enable high extractions of Mn (73%) in short periods of time (5 to 20 min) operating with an optimum MnO2/Fe2O3 ratio of 1:3 and a concentration of 0.1 mol/L of H2SO4.
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