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da Rocha VP, Mansano BSDM, Dos Santos CFC, Teixeira ILA, de Oliveira HA, Vieira SS, Antonio EL, Izar MCDO, Fonseca FAH, Serra AJ. How long does the biological effect of a red light-emitting diode last on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells? Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38888236 DOI: 10.1111/php.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This research investigated the duration of the influence of red light-emitting diodes (LED, 630 nm; output power: 2452.5 mW; laser beam: 163.5 cm2; irradiance: 15 mW/cm2; radiant exposure: 4 J/cm2) on different periods after irradiation (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h) on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells' (AdMSCs) metabolism and paracrine factors. AdMSCs were irradiated three times every 48 h. Twenty-four hours after the last irradiation, there was a higher MTT absorbance, followed by a decrease after 48 h. The cells' secretome showed increased levels of IL-6 and VEGF after 12 and 24 h, but this was reversed after 48 h. Additionally, LED irradiation resulted in higher levels of nitrite and did not affect oxidative stress markers. LED irradiation had significant effects on AdMSCs after 24 h compared to other groups and its control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Pocani da Rocha
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Stella Sousa Vieira
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ednei Luiz Antonio
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Chailakhyan R, Grosheva A, Vorobieva N, Yusupov V, Sviridov A. Combined Light and Thermal Stimulation of Bone Marrow Stem Cells. J Lasers Med Sci 2024; 15:e8. [PMID: 39050999 PMCID: PMC11267100 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2024.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to achieve a significant increase in the proliferative activity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the bone marrow (BM) at early passages after laser exposure to a suspension of these cells and to estimate the effect of light and heat components of laser radiation on the proliferation of BM MSCs. Methods: The studies were performed on rats BM MSCs. MSC suspension was placed into the wells and heated by using laser radiation (980 nm wavelength) or a water bath at 70 °C providing similar temperature dynamics. The studies were carried out in 3 comparison groups: (1) control suspension of MSCs, which was not subjected to heating in a water bath or laser exposure; (2) MSC suspension, which was heated for in a water bath; and (3) suspension of MSCs, which was subjected to laser exposure. The exposure times for the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were 10- 50 seconds. Results: Under optimal parameters of laser action on the suspension of BM MSCs, a six-fold increase in the number of BM MSCs colonies was registered compared to the control. The role of the light and heat components of laser exposure to MSCs was determined by comparable heating of a suspension of BM MSCs in a water bath, at which only a twofold increase in the number of colonies was maximally obtained. Conclusion: The increase in the MSC proliferation activity occurs due to their Thermo-Photobiomodulation. The result obtained is important for practical use in cell transplantation in the treatment of traumatic injuries of bone, cartilage, and tendon tissues when a rapid and multiple increase in the initial number of autologous BM MSCs is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Chailakhyan
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla Grosheva
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Mylona V, Anagnostaki E, Chiniforush N, Barikani H, Lynch E, Grootveld M. Photobiomodulation Effects on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:544-558. [PMID: 35638280 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220527090321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell therapy has been considered to play a paramount role in the treatment modalities available for regenerative dentistry. The established beneficial effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) at the cellular level have led to the combined use of these two factors (PBM and stem cells). The main goal of this study was firstly to critically appraise the effects of PBM on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and secondly to explore the most effective PBM protocols applied. METHODS Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar search engines were used to identify experimental in vitro studies in which PBM was applied to cultured PDLSCs. After applying specific keywords, additional filters, and inclusion/exclusion criteria, a preliminary number of 245 articles were narrowed down to 11 in which lasers and LEDs were used within the 630 - 1064 nm wavelength range. Selected articles were further assessed by three independent reviewers for strict compliance with PRISMA guidelines, and a modified Cochrane risk of bias to determine eligibility. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The dataset analysed was extracted from the studies with sufficient and clearly presented PBM protocols. Simple univariate regression analysis was performed to explore the significance of contributions of potential quantitative predictor variables toward study outcomes, and a one-way ANOVA model was employed for testing differences between the laser or LED sources of the treatments. The significance level for testing was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS The proliferation rate, osteogenic differentiation, and expression of different indicative genes for osteogenesis and inflammation suppression were found to be positively affected by the application of various types of lasers and LEDs. With regard to the PBM protocol, only the wavelength variable appeared to affect the treatment outcome; indeed, the 940 nm wavelength parameter was found not to exert a favourable effect. CONCLUSIONS Photobiomodulation can enhance the stemness and differentiation capacities of periodontal ligament stem cells. Therefore, for PBM protocols, there remains no consensus amongst the scientific community. Statistical analyses performed here indicated that the employment of a near-infrared (NIR) wavelength of 940 nm may not yield a significant favourable outcome, although those within the 630 - 830 nm range did so. Concerning the fluence, it should not exceed 8 J/cm2 when therapy is applied by LED devices, and 4 J/cm2 when applied by lasers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valina Mylona
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | | | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Barikani
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Edward Lynch
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Martin Grootveld
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
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Retameiro ACB, Neves M, Tavares ALDF, Boaro CDT, Rodriguez DFS, Leal TSDS, Costa RM, Bertolini GRF, Ribeiro LDFC. Resistance exercise and low-level laser therapy improves grip strength and morphological aspects in the ankle joint of Wistar rats with experimental arthritis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:918-932. [PMID: 36310376 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease mainly affecting synovial joints. Photobiomodulation through low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and resistance exercise may improve the inflammatory process. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of resistance exercise, LLLT, and the combination of both treatments on hind paw grip strength and ankle joint histomorphometric aspects of Wistar rats subjected to experimental RA. A total of 64 male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: control, control LLLT, control exercise, control LLLT and exercise, arthritis, arthritis LLLT, arthritis exercise, and arthritis LLLT and exercise groups. The experimental RA was induced by a complete Freund's adjuvant injection into the knee joint cavity. Climbing exercises and LLLT (660 nm; 5 J/cm2 per point) were performed as the treatment. In addition, muscle strength was evaluated using the grip strength test, and morphometric evaluations were performed on the ankle joint. Generalized mixed models and multivariate analysis of variance tests were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of .05. Arthritis LLLT, exercise, and LLLT and exercise had positive effects on grip strength between the groups (F[7.56] = 5.8, p < .004) and within the groups (F[4.3] = 9.9, p < .002) throughout the evaluations. Morphometry revealed degenerative lesions in the ankle joint as subintima with angiogenesis, inflammatory cells, flocculated articular cartilage, chondrocyte disorganization, and pannus in the arthritis group (p < .001). The treated groups exhibited morphological characteristics similar to those of the control group. LLLT and resistance exercise restored muscle strength and morphological aspects of the ankle joint in rats with experimentally induced RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morgana Neves
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina De Toni Boaro
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rose Meire Costa
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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Carr BJ. Regenerative Medicine and Rehabilitation Therapy in the Canine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:801-827. [PMID: 36997410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is used in the canine to optimize tissue healing and treat osteoarthritis and soft tissue injuries. Rehabilitation therapy is also often implemented in the treatment and management of musculoskeletal conditions in the canine. Initial experimental studies have shown that regenerative medicine and rehabilitation therapy may work safely and synergistically to enhance tissue healing. Although additional study is required to define optional rehabilitation therapy protocols after regenerative medicine therapy in the canine, certain fundamental principles of rehabilitation therapy still apply to patients treated with regenerative medicine.
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Chailakhyan RK, Grosheva AG, Vorob'eva NN, Sviridov AP, Yusupov VI. Laser Thermo-Photobiomodulation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:523-526. [PMID: 36899204 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of laser radiation of moderate intensity with a wavelength of 970 nm on the efficiency of colony formation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in vitro. In this case, photobimodulation and thermal heating of MSC occur simultaneously. This combined laser treatment allows increasing the number of colonies by 6 times in comparison with the control and by more than 3 times in comparison with thermal heating alone. The mechanism of such an increase is associated with combined thermal and light effects of laser radiation of moderate intensity, which stimulates cell proliferation. This phenomenon can be used as the basis for solving the most important task of cell transplantation, associated with the expansion of autologous stem cells and activation of their proliferative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Chailakhyan
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Grosheva
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Vorob'eva
- Federal Research Center of Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Photonic Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A P Sviridov
- Federal Research Center of Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Photonic Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V I Yusupov
- Federal Research Center of Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Photonic Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Golovynska I, Golovynskyi S, Qu J. Comparing the Impact of NIR, Visible and UV Light on ROS Upregulation via Photoacceptors of Mitochondrial Complexes in Normal, Immune and Cancer Cells. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:106-119. [PMID: 35689798 DOI: 10.1111/php.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of UV/visible/NIR light (380/450/530/650/808/1064 nm) on ROS generation, mitochondrial activity and viability is experimentally compared in human neuroblastoma cancer cells. The absorption of photons by mitochondrial photoacceptors in Complexes I, III and IV is in detail investigated by sequential blocking with selective pharmaceutical blockers. Complex I absorbs UV/blue light by heme P450, resulting in a very high rate (14 times) of ROS generation leading to cell death. Complex III absorbs green light, by cytochromes b, c1 and c, and possesses less ability for ROS production (seven times), so that only irradiation lower than 10 mW cm-2 causes an increase in cell viability. Complex IV is well-known as the primary photoacceptor for red/NIR light. Light of 650/808 nm at 10-100 mW cm-2 generates a physiological ROS level about 20% of a basal concentration, which enhance mitochondrial activity and cell survival, while 1064 nm light does not show any distinguished effects. Further, ROS generation induced by low-intensity red/NIR light is compared in neurons, immune and cancer cells. Red light seems to more rapidly stimulate ROS production, mitochondrial activity and cell survival than 808 nm. At the same time, different cell lines demonstrate slightly various rates of ROS generation, peculiar to their cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Golovynska
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sergii Golovynskyi
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Sæbø H, Naterstad IF, Joensen J, Stausholm MB, Bjordal JM. Pain and Disability of Conservatively Treated Distal Radius Fracture: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Photobiomodulation Therapy. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:33-41. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Sæbø
- Minor Injury Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jon Joensen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Martin Bjørn Stausholm
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Effects of photobiomodulation on bone remodeling in an osteoblast-osteoclast co-culture system. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1049-1059. [PMID: 34142255 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The general bone anabolic effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) is largely accepted. As a result, PBM therapy is expected to be beneficial in the medical fields of dentistry and bone healing. However, most of the previous in vitro studies on PBM and bone metabolism were performed with single-cell cultures of osteoclast-lineage cells or osteoblast-lineage cells. In the present study, the bone-modulating effects of PBM were evaluated in an in vitro osteoblast/osteoclast co-culture system. Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and mouse calvarial pre-osteoblasts cells were purified and used as precursor cells for osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively. The PBM effects on single-cell culture of osteoclasts or osteoblasts as well as co-culture were examined by 1.2 J/cm2 low-level Ga-Al-As laser (λ = 808 ± 3 nm, 80 mW, and 80 mA; spot size, 1cm2; NDLux, Seoul, Korea) irradiation for 30 s at daily intervals throughout culture period. At the end of culture, the osteoclast differentiation and osteoblast differentiation were assessed by TRAP staining and ALP staining, respectively. The expressions of osteoclastogenic cytokines were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Under the single-cell culture condition, PBM enhanced osteoblast differentiation but had minor effects on osteoclast differentiation. However, in the co-culture condition, its osteoblastogenic effect was maintained, and osteoclast differentiation was substantially reduced. Subsequent RT-PCR analyses and western blot results revealed marked reduction in receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expression and elevation in osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression by PBM in co-cultured cells. More importantly, these alterations in RANKL/OPG levels were not observed under the single-cell culture conditions. Our results highlight the different effects of PBM on bone cells based on culture conditions. Further, our findings suggest the indirect anti-osteoclastogenic effect of PBM, which is accompanied by a decrease in RANKL expression and an increase in OPG expression.
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Courtois E, Bouleftour W, Guy JB, Louati S, Bensadoun RJ, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Magné N. Mechanisms of PhotoBioModulation (PBM) focused on oral mucositis prevention and treatment: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:220. [PMID: 33926421 PMCID: PMC8086292 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe complication cancer patients undergo when treated with chemoradiotherapy. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy also known as low-level laser therapy has been increasingly used for the treatment of such oral toxicity. The aim of this review is to discuss the mechanisms of photobiomodulation (PBM) regarding OM prevention and treatment, and more precisely to focus on the effect of PBM on tumor and healthy cells. Methods MEDLINE/PubMed, and google scholar were searched electronically. Selected studies were focusing on PBM effects on tumor and healthy cells. Results PBM interactions with the tissue and additional mechanism in OM therapy were detailed in this review. Moreover, this review highlighted a controversy about the carcinogenic effect of PBM. Indeed, Many studies reported that PBM could enhance malignant cell proliferation; suggesting that PBM would have no protective effect. In addition to acting on cancer cells, PBM may damage healthy cells. Conclusion More prospective studies are needed to assess the effect of PBM on cancer cells in order to improve its use for OM prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wafa Bouleftour
- Département de Radiothérapie, Institut de Cancérologie de La Loire - Lucien Neuwirth, 42270, St Priest en Jarez, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guy
- Département de Radiothérapie, Institut de Cancérologie de La Loire - Lucien Neuwirth, 42270, St Priest en Jarez, France
| | - Safa Louati
- Département de Radiothérapie, Institut de Cancérologie de La Loire - Lucien Neuwirth, 42270, St Priest en Jarez, France
| | | | - Claire Rodriguez-Lafrasse
- UMR CNRS 5822 /IN2P3, IPNL, PRISME, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie Cellulaire Et Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Université Lyon 1, 69921, Oullins Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Département de Radiothérapie, Institut de Cancérologie de La Loire - Lucien Neuwirth, 42270, St Priest en Jarez, France.,UMR CNRS 5822 /IN2P3, IPNL, PRISME, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie Cellulaire Et Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Université Lyon 1, 69921, Oullins Cedex, France
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Enhancing the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Light-Emitting Diode: Implications and Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6663539. [PMID: 33623634 PMCID: PMC7875639 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6663539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). An electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science database for articles published from 1980 to February 2020. Ten articles met the search criteria and were included in this review. The risk of bias was evaluated to report quality, safety, and environmental standards. MSCs were derived from adipose tissue, bone marrow, dental pulp, gingiva, and umbilical cord. Protocols for cellular irradiation used red and blue light spectrum with variations of the parameters. The LED has been shown to induce greater cellular viability, proliferation, differentiation, and secretion of growth factors. The set of information available leads to proposing a complex signaling cascade for the action of photobiomodulation, including angiogenic factors, singlet oxygen, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducer, and reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, although our results suggest that LED can boost MSCs, a nonuniformity in the experimental protocol, bias, and the limited number of studies reduces the power of systematic review. Further research is essential to find the optimal LED irradiation parameters to boost MSCs function and evaluate its impact in the clinical setting.
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Emelianov VY, Preobrazhenskaia EV, Nikolaev NS. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Biophysical Methods of Osteogenesis Stimulation: Review. TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPEDICS OF RUSSIA 2021; 27:86-96. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.21823/2311-2905-2021-27-1-86-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Background. Stimulation of osteogenesis (SO) by biophysical methods has been widely used in practice to accelerate healing or stimulate the healing of fractures with non-unions, since the middle of the XIX century. SO can be carried out by direct current electrostimulation, or indirectly by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, capacitive electrical coupling stimulation, and pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation. SO simulates natural physiological processes: in the case of electrical stimulation, it changes the electromagnetic potential of damaged cell tissues in a manner similar to normal healing processes, or in the case of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, it produces weak mechanical effects on the fracture area. SO increases the expression of factors and signaling pathways responsible for tissue regeneration and bone mineralization and ultimately accelerates bone union.The purpose of this review was to present the most up-to-date data from laboratory and clinical studies of the effectiveness of SO.Material and Methods. The results of laboratory studies and the final results of metaanalyses for each of the four SO methods published from 1959 to 2020 in the PubMed, EMBASE, and eLibrary databases are reviewed.Conclusion. The use of SO effectively stimulates the healing of fractures with the correct location of the sensors, compliance with the intensity and time of exposure, as well as the timing of use for certain types of fractures. In case of non-union or delayed union of fractures, spondylodesis, arthrodesis, preference should be given to non-invasive methods of SO. Invasive direct current stimulation can be useful for non-union of long bones, spondylodesis with the risk of developing pseudoarthrosis.
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Emelianov VY, Preobrazhenskaia EV, Nikolaev NS. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Biophysical Methods of Osteogenesis Stimulation: Review. TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPEDICS OF RUSSIA 2021; 27:86-96. [DOI: 10.21823/2311-2905-2021-27-1-86-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Background. Stimulation of osteogenesis (SO) by biophysical methods has been widely used in practice to accelerate healing or stimulate the healing of fractures with non-unions, since the middle of the XIX century. SO can be carried out by direct current electrostimulation, or indirectly by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, capacitive electrical coupling stimulation, and pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation. SO simulates natural physiological processes: in the case of electrical stimulation, it changes the electromagnetic potential of damaged cell tissues in a manner similar to normal healing processes, or in the case of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, it produces weak mechanical effects on the fracture area. SO increases the expression of factors and signaling pathways responsible for tissue regeneration and bone mineralization and ultimately accelerates bone union.The purpose of this review was to present the most up-to-date data from laboratory and clinical studies of the effectiveness of SO.Material and Methods. The results of laboratory studies and the final results of metaanalyses for each of the four SO methods published from 1959 to 2020 in the PubMed, EMBASE, and eLibrary databases are reviewed.Conclusion. The use of SO effectively stimulates the healing of fractures with the correct location of the sensors, compliance with the intensity and time of exposure, as well as the timing of use for certain types of fractures. In case of non-union or delayed union of fractures, spondylodesis, arthrodesis, preference should be given to non-invasive methods of SO. Invasive direct current stimulation can be useful for non-union of long bones, spondylodesis with the risk of developing pseudoarthrosis.
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Gholami L, Parsamanesh G, Shahabi S, Jazaeri M, Baghaei K, Fekrazad R. The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 97:851-859. [PMID: 33305457 DOI: 10.1111/php.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is considered as a noninvasive procedure with the potential of inducing favorable changes in cellular behavior. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of near-infrared low-intensity laser PBM on proliferation, viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells isolated from human periodontal ligament. A 940-nm diode laser with an energy density of 4 J cm-2 in a 100-mW continuous wave was used for irradiation in 3 sessions every 48h. Cell viability was measured 24, 48 and 72 h after irradiation. The effects of laser on mineralized tissue deposition were evaluated by using Alizarin red staining after dividing cells into three groups of nonosteogenic medium (C-), an osteogenic medium without laser (C+), and an osteogenic medium with laser irradiation (L+). Gene expression levels were also evaluated by real-time PCR. Our results showed no significant difference between MTT levels of the study and control groups. After 14 and 21 days, both L+ and C+ groups showed an increase in mineralized tissue formation compared to the C- group. There was an increase in VEGF and BMP expressions compared to C-. In conclusion, the irradiation setting used in this study may be able to improve mineralized tissue deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gilda Parsamanesh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorder Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Shahabi
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jazaeri
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorder Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Miranda JM, de Arruda JAA, Moreno LMM, Gaião WDC, do Nascimento SVB, Silva EVDS, da Silva MB, Rodrigues CG, de Albuquerque DS, Braz R, Pinheiro ALB, Gerbi MEMDM. Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:469-474. [PMID: 33425299 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Since photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) favors in vitro mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) preconditioning before MSC transplantation, increasing the proliferation of these cells without molecular injuries by conserving their characteristics, in the present in vitro study we analyzed the effect of PBMT on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs). Methods: Irradiation with an InGaAIP Laser (660 nm, 10 mW, 2.5 J/cm2 , 0.08 cm2 spot size, and 10 s) was carried out. The cells were divided into four groups: CONTROL [cells grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)], OSTEO (cells grown in an osteogenic medium); PBMT (cells grown in DMEM+PBMT), and OSTEO+PBMT (cells grown in an osteogenic medium plus PBMT). The cell proliferation curve was obtained over periods of 24, 48 and 72 hours using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Osteogenic differentiation was analyzed by the formation of calcium nodules over periods of 7, 14 and 21 days. Morphometric analysis was performed to quantify the total area of nodular calcification. Results: The highest cell proliferation and cell differentiation occurred in the OSTEO+PBMT group, followed by the PBMT, OSTEO and CONTROL groups respectively, at the observed times (P <0.05). Conclusion: PBMT enhanced the osteogenic proliferation and the differentiation of hUCMSCs during the periods tested, without causing damage to the cells and preserving their specific characteristics, a fact that may represent an innovative pretreatment in the application of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Meirinhos Miranda
- Laser Center, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lara Marques Magalhães Moreno
- Laser Center, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Sinval Vinícius Barbosa do Nascimento
- Laser Center, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Vinícius de Souza Silva
- Laser Center, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | - Márcia Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Diana Santana de Albuquerque
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | - Rodivan Braz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Marleny Elizabeth Marquez de Martinez Gerbi
- Laser Center, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
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16
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Incerti Parenti S, Tschon M, Sartori M, Visani A, Aroni E, Fini M, Alessandri-Bonetti G. Evidence from systematic reviews on photobiomodulation of human bone and stromal cells: Where do we stand? Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 685:108333. [PMID: 32194044 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study summarizes the available evidence from systematic reviews on the in vitro effects of photobiomodulation on the proliferation and differentiation of human bone and stromal cells by appraising their methodological quality. Improvements for future studies are also highlighted, with particular emphasis on in vitro protocols and cell-related characteristics. Six reviews using explicit eligibility criteria and methods selected in order to minimize bias were included. There was no compelling evidence on the cellular mechanisms of action or treatment parameters of photobiomodulation; compliance with quality assessment was poor. A rigorous description of laser parameters (wavelength, power, beam spot size, power density, energy density, repetition rate, pulse duration or duty cycle, exposure duration, frequency of treatments, and total radiant energy), exposure conditions (methods to ensure a uniform irradiation and to avoid cross-irradiation, laser-cell culture surface distance, lid presence during irradiation) and cell-related characteristics (cell type or line, isolation and culture conditions, donor-related factors where applicable, tissue source, cell phenotype, cell density, number of cell passages in culture) should be included among eligibility criteria for study inclusion. These methodological improvements will maximize the contribution of in vitro studies on the effects of photobiomodulation on human bone and stromal cells to evidence-based translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Incerti Parenti
- Unit of Orthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Preclinical and Surgical Studies Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Sartori
- Preclinical and Surgical Studies Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Visani
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Elena Aroni
- Unit of Orthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Milena Fini
- Preclinical and Surgical Studies Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giulio Alessandri-Bonetti
- Unit of Orthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125, Bologna, Italy.
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17
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Amini A, Chien S, Bayat M. Impact of Ultrasound Therapy on Stem Cell Differentiation - A Systematic Review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:462-472. [PMID: 32096749 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200225124934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This is a systematic review of the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on stem cell differentiation. BACKGROUND DATA Recent studies have investigated several types of stem cells from different sources in the body. These stem cells should strictly be certified and promoted for cell therapies before being used in medical applications. LIPUS has been used extensively in treatment centers and in research to promote stem cell differentiation, function, and proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched for abstracts and full-text scientific papers published from 1989-2019 that reported the application of LIPUS on stem cell differentiation. Related English language articles were found using the following defined keywords: low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, stem cell, differentiation. Criteria for inclusion in the review were: LIPUS with frequencies of 1-3 MHz and pulsed ultrasound intensity of <500 mW/cm2. Duration, exposure time, and cell sources were taken into consideration. RESULTS Fifty-two articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Most articles demonstrated that the application of LIPUS had positive effects on stem cell differentiation. However, some authors recommended that LIPUS combined with other physical therapy aides was more effective in stem cell differentiation. CONCLUSION LIPUS significantly increases the level of stem cell differentiation in cells derived mainly from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. There is a need for further studies to analyze the effect of LIPUS on cells derived from other sources, particularly adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, for treating hard diseases, such as osteoporosis and diabetic foot ulcer. Due to a lack of reporting on standard LIPUS parameters in the field, more experiments comparing the protocols for standardization of LIPUS parameters are needed to establish the best protocol, which would allow for the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Amini
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sufan Chien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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18
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Tabuchi Y, Hasegawa H, Suzuki N, Furusawa Y, Hirano T, Nagaoka R, Takeuchi SI, Shiiba M, Mochizuki T. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes the expression of immediate-early genes in mouse ST2 bone marrow stromal cells. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2020; 47:193-201. [PMID: 32026128 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-020-01007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were evaluated to elucidate the early cellular response to LIPUS. METHODS Mouse ST2 BMSCs were treated with LIPUS (ISATA, 12-34 mW/cm2 for 20 min), then cultured at 37 °C. The expression levels of four IEGs (Fos, Egr1, Jun, and Ptgs2) and ERK1/2, a mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK), were assessed using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. RESULTS A single exposure of LIPUS at an intensity of 25 mW/cm2 significantly and transiently increased the expression levels of all four IEGs, and the peak expression was detected at 30-60 min after LIPUS stimulation. LIPUS exposure also significantly increased the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2. U0126, an inhibitor of MAPK/ERK, significantly prevented LIPUS-induced expression of Fos and Egr1, but not that of Jun and Ptgs2. On the other hand, treatment of the cells with LIPUS did not affect cell growth or alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of osteoblast differentiation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that LIPUS exposure significantly induces expression of IEGs such as Fos and Egr1 via the MAPK/ERK pathway in ST2 BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan. .,Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Hirano
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ryo Nagaoka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michihisa Shiiba
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Institute of Medical Science, Saitama, Japan
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19
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Tunér J, Hosseinpour S, Fekrazad R. Photobiomodulation in Temporomandibular Disorders. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:826-836. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Tunér
- Private Practice, Swedish Laser Medical Society (SLMS), Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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20
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Nicholson JA, Tsang STJ, MacGillivray TJ, Perks F, Simpson AHRW. What is the role of ultrasound in fracture management?: Diagnosis and therapeutic potential for fractures, delayed unions, and fracture-related infection. Bone Joint Res 2019; 8:304-312. [PMID: 31463038 PMCID: PMC6691369 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.bjr-2018-0215.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to review the current evidence and future application for the role of diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound in fracture management. Methods A review of relevant literature was undertaken, including articles indexed in PubMed with keywords "ultrasound" or "sonography" combined with "diagnosis", "fracture healing", "impaired fracture healing", "nonunion", "microbiology", and "fracture-related infection". Results The use of ultrasound in musculoskeletal medicine has expanded rapidly over the last two decades, but the diagnostic use in fracture management is not routinely practised. Early studies have shown the potential of ultrasound as a valid alternative to radiographs to diagnose common paediatric fractures, to detect occult injuries in adults, and for rapid detection of long bone fractures in the resuscitation setting. Ultrasound has also been shown to be advantageous in the early identification of impaired fracture healing; with the advent of 3D image processing, there is potential for wider adoption. Detection of implant-related infection can be improved by ultrasound mediated sonication of microbiology samples. The use of therapeutic ultrasound to promote union in the management of acute fractures is currently a controversial topic. However, there is strong in vitro evidence that ultrasound can stimulate a biological effect with potential clinical benefit in established nonunions, which supports the need for further investigation. Conclusion Modern ultrasound image processing has the potential to replace traditional imaging modalities in several areas of trauma practice, particularly in the early prediction of impaired fracture healing. Further understanding of the therapeutic application of ultrasound is required to understand and identify the use in promoting fracture healing.Cite this article: J. A. Nicholson, S. T. J. Tsang, T. J. MacGillivray, F. Perks, A. H. R. W. Simpson. What is the role of ultrasound in fracture management? Diagnosis and therapeutic potential for fractures, delayed unions, and fracture-related infection. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:304-312. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2018-0215.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Nicholson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S T J Tsang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - T J MacGillivray
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - F Perks
- Department of Radiology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A H R W Simpson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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21
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Sowers T, VanderLaan D, Karpiouk A, Donnelly EM, Smith E, Emelianov S. Laser threshold and cell damage mechanism for intravascular photoacoustic imaging. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 51:466-474. [PMID: 30302770 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intravascular photoacoustic (IVPA) imaging is being developed to image atherosclerotic plaques, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. However, the safety of this imaging modality, which requires repeated irradiation with short laser pulses, has not yet been investigated. This study has two objectives. First, determine in vitro the limit of cumulative fluence that can be applied to cells before death at IVPA relevant wavelengths. Second, evaluate if high single pulse fluences are a potential cause of cell death during IVPA imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experiments were conducted using endothelial cells, macrophages, and smooth muscle cells. The cumulative fluence experiments were conducted at 1064 and 1197 nm, using a high pulse repetition frequency laser. Cells were irradiated with a wide range of cumulative fluences and evaluated for cell death. The thresholds for death were compared to the maximum expected clinical cumulative fluence. To evaluate the effect of single pulse fluences, cells were irradiated at 1064, 1210, and 1720 nm. Light was delivered at a range of pulse energies to emulate the fluences that cells would be exposed to during clinical IVPA imaging. RESULTS At 1064 nm, all three cell types remained viable at cumulative fluences above the maximum expected clinical cumulative fluence, which is calculated based on common IVPA imaging protocols. At 1197 nm, cells were viable near or just below the maximum expected clinical cumulative fluence, with some cell type to cell type variation. All three cell types remained viable after irradiation with high single pulse fluences at all three wavelengths. CONCLUSION The cumulative fluence experiments indicate that safety considerations are likely to put constraints on the amount of irradiation that can be used in IVPA imaging protocols. However, this study also indicates that it will be possible to use IVPA imaging safely, since cumulative fluences could be reduced by as much as two orders of magnitude below the maximum expected clinical cumulative fluence by varying the imaging protocol, albeit at the expense of image quality. The single pulse fluence experiments indicate that cell death from single pulse fluence is not likely during IVPA imaging. Thus, future studies should focus on heat accumulation as the likely mechanism of tissue damage. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:466-474, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Sowers
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Don VanderLaan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrei Karpiouk
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Eleanor M Donnelly
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ethan Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stanislav Emelianov
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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22
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Hosseinpour S, Fekrazad R, Arany PR, Ye Q. Molecular impacts of photobiomodulation on bone regeneration: A systematic review. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 149:147-159. [PMID: 31002851 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) encompasses a light application aimed to increase healing process, tissue regeneration, and reducing inflammation and pain. PBM is specifically aimed to modify the expression of cellular molecules; however, PBM impacts on cellular and molecular pathways especially in bone regenerative medicine have been investigated in scattered different studies. The purpose of the current study is to systematically review evidence on molecular impact of PBM on bone regeneration. A comprehensive electronic search in Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, EBSCO, Cochrane library, web of science, and google scholar was conducted from January 1975 to October 2018 limited to English language publications on administrations of photobiomodulation for bone regeneration which evaluated biological factors. In addition, hand search of selected journals was done to retrieve all articles. This systematic review was performed based on PRISMA guideline. Among these studies, five articles reported in vitro results, twelve articles were in vivo, and three of them were clinical trials. The data tabulated according to the type of markers (osteogenic markers, angiogenic markers, growth factors, and inflammation mediators). PBM's effects depend on many parameters which energy density is more important than the others. PBM can significantly enhance expression of osteocalcin, collagen, RUNX-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, bone morphogenic proteins, and COX-2. Although since the heterogeneity of the studies and their limitations, an evidence-based decision for definite therapeutic application of PBM is still unattainable, the findings of our review can help other researchers to ameliorate their study design and elect more efficient approach for their investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepanta Hosseinpour
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, 19839, Fatemi, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, 19839, Fatemi, Tehran, Iran; International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Praveen R Arany
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, NY, 14214, USA.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.
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23
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Lucke LD, Bortolazzo FO, Theodoro V, Fujii L, Bombeiro AL, Felonato M, Dalia RA, Carneiro GD, Cartarozzi LP, Vicente CP, Oliveira ALR, Mendonça FAS, Esquisatto MAM, Pimentel ER, de Aro AA. Low-level laser and adipose-derived stem cells altered remodelling genes expression and improved collagen reorganization during tendon repair. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12580. [PMID: 30734394 PMCID: PMC6536450 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The cellular therapy using adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) aims to improve tendon healing, considering that repaired tendons often result in a less resistant tissue. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of the ASCs combination with a low‐level laser (LLL), an effective photobiostimulation for the healing processes. Materials and methods Rats calcaneal tendons were divided into five groups: normal (NT), transected (T), transected and ASCs (SC) or LLL (L), or with ASCs and LLL (SCL). Results All treated groups presented higher expression of Dcn and greater organization of collagen fibres. In comparison with T, LLL also up‐regulated Gdf5 gene expression, ASCs up‐regulated the expression of Tnmd, and the association of LLL and ASCs down‐regulated the expression of Scx. No differences were observed for the expression of Il1b, Timp2, Tgfb1, Lox, Mmp2, Mmp8 and Mmp9, neither in the quantification of hydroxyproline, TNF‐α, PCNA and in the protein level of Tnmd. A higher amount of IL‐10 was detected in SC, L and SCL compared to T, and higher amount of collagen I and III was observed in SC compared to SCL. Conclusions Transplanted ASCs migrated to the transected region, and all treatments altered the remodelling genes expression. The LLL was the most effective in the collagen reorganization, followed by its combination with ASCs. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the LLL and ASCs combination during initial phases of tendon repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia D Lucke
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda O Bortolazzo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane Theodoro
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fujii
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André L Bombeiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maíra Felonato
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Dalia
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giane D Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Cartarozzi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Pontes Vicente
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L R Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A S Mendonça
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A M Esquisatto
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson R Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea A de Aro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
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Allen MJ. What's New in Musculoskeletal Basic Science. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018; 100:2082-2086. [PMID: 30516632 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.18.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Allen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgical Discovery Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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25
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Liu F, Li L, Li Y, Ma X, Bian X, Liu X, Wang G, Zhang D. Overexpression of SENP1 reduces the stemness capacity of osteosarcoma stem cells and increases their sensitivity to HSVtk/GCV. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2010-2020. [PMID: 30226577 PMCID: PMC6192779 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma stem cells are able to escape treatment with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, as the majority of them are in a quiescent state. Recent reports have suggested that small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) serve important roles in the maintenance of cancer stem cell stemness. Therefore, a potential strategy to increase the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents is to interfere with SUMO modification of proteins associated with the maintenance of stemness in osteosarcoma stem cells. The present study revealed a significant decrease in the expression of SUMO1 specific peptidase 1 (SENP1) in osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines, and SENP1 expression was much lower in osteosarcoma stem cells than in non-cancer stem cells. Further experiments indicated that the low levels of SENP1 were essential for maintenance of stemness in osteosarcoma stem cells. Overexpression of SENP1 resulted in a marked decrease in the maintenance of stemness, but only slightly induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, which is crucial to reduce the side effects of drugs on normal precursor cells. Finally, SENP1 overexpression led to a significant increase in the sensitivity of osteosarcoma stem cells to the herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase gene in combination with ganciclovir in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the present study described a novel method to increase the sensitivity of osteosarcoma stem cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Notably, this approach may significantly reduce the required dose of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and reduce side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengting Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xiyun Bian
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Liu
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Guowen Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Dianying Zhang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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26
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Tani A, Chellini F, Giannelli M, Nosi D, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Sassoli C. Red (635 nm), Near-Infrared (808 nm) and Violet-Blue (405 nm) Photobiomodulation Potentiality on Human Osteoblasts and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Morphological and Molecular In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071946. [PMID: 29970828 PMCID: PMC6073131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used for bone regenerative purposes in different fields of medicine and dentistry, but contradictory results demand a skeptical look for its potential benefits. This in vitro study compared PBM potentiality by red (635 ± 5 nm) or near-infrared (NIR, 808 ± 10 nm) diode lasers and violet-blue (405 ± 5 nm) light-emitting diode operating in a continuous wave with a 0.4 J/cm2 energy density, on human osteoblast and mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) viability, proliferation, adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. PBM treatments did not alter viability (PI/Syto16 and MTS assays). Confocal immunofluorescence and RT-PCR analyses indicated that red PBM (i) on both cell types increased vinculin-rich clusters, osteogenic markers expression (Runx-2, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin) and mineralized bone-like nodule structure deposition and (ii) on hMSCs induced stress fiber formation and upregulated the expression of proliferation marker Ki67. Interestingly, osteoblast responses to red light were mediated by Akt signaling activation, which seems to positively modulate reactive oxygen species levels. Violet-blue light-irradiated cells behaved essentially as untreated ones and NIR irradiated ones displayed modifications of cytoskeleton assembly, Runx-2 expression and mineralization pattern. Although within the limitations of an in vitro experimentation, this study may suggest PBM with 635 nm laser as potential effective option for promoting/improving bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Marco Giannelli
- Odontostomatologic Laser Therapy Center, via dell' Olivuzzo 162, 50143 Florence, Italy.
| | - Daniele Nosi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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27
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Effects of 915 nm laser irradiation on human osteoblasts: a preliminary in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1189-1195. [PMID: 29450763 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive treatment that uses laser or led devices making its effects a response to light and not to heat. The possibility of accelerating dental implant osteointegration and orthodontic movements and the need to treat refractory bone lesions, such as bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws, has led researchers to consider the effects of PBM on bone for dentistry purposes. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of 915 nm light supplied with a GaAs diode laser on human osteoblasts in vitro. Osteoblasts were isolated from mandibular cortical bone of a young healthy donor. The irradiation parameters were as follows: doses = 5, 15 and 45 J/cm2; power densities = 0.12 and 1.25 W/cm2; and irradiation times = 41.7, 125 and 375 s. We performed one irradiation per day for 3 and 6 days to study proliferation and differentiation, respectively. Microscopic analysis showed a greater amount of bone nodules in samples treated with 5 J/cm2 and 0.12 W/cm2 compared to controls (56.00 ± 10.44 vs 19.67 ± 7.64, P = 0.0075). Cell growth and quantification of calcium deposition did not show any differences when comparing irradiated and non-irradiated samples. Photobiomodulation, with the parameters investigated in the present study, positively modulated the mineralization process in human osteoblasts, inducing the formation of a greater amount of bone nodules, but did not increase cell proliferation.
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