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Asokan L, Sunitha M, Kirupananthan N, Kannaiyan G, Kasinathan B, Praveen MR, Rao SM. Ectopic Lingual Thyroid-A Rare Presentation. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:3834-3838. [PMID: 37974773 PMCID: PMC10646140 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03839-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lingual thyroid is a rare clinical entity due to failure of the embryonic gland to descend to its normal pretracheal location. We report a case of 29 years old male patient who presented with the complaints of difficulty in swallowing and phonation. The clinical and radiology features were diagnostic of ectopic lingual thyroid. Our case report focuses on an unusual presentation of huge ectopic lingual thyroid in a male with disproportionate pressure symptoms, successfully managed surgically via suprahyoid approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Asokan
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
| | - M Sunitha
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
| | - Nagaraj Kirupananthan
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
| | - Gokul Kannaiyan
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
| | - B Kasinathan
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
| | - M Ram Praveen
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
| | - Srilakshmi M Rao
- Department of ENT, Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 069 India
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Tongue Base Ectopic Thyroid Tissue-Is It a Rare Encounter? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020313. [PMID: 36837515 PMCID: PMC9959201 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Failure in the embryological development of the thyroid in adults is rarely seen. We present the case of a 79-year-old female patient who complained of dysphagia and progressive upper respiratory obstruction, which started 12 months prior to her admission. An ENT clinical exam revealed a tongue base, spherical, well-defined tumour covered by normal mucosa. Further assessments established the diagnosis of the tongue base ectopic thyroid tissue. Due to the patient's symptoms, a transhyoid tongue base tumour removal was performed. The selected patient gave consent for participation and inclusion in this paper, in compliance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration.
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Saito M, Banno H, Ito Y, Ido M, Goto M, Ando T, Kousaka J, Mouri Y, Fujii K, Imai T, Nakano S, Tsuzuki T. Case report: surgical management of symptomatic pretracheal thyroid gland in a patient with dual ectopic thyroid. Thyroid Res 2022; 15:23. [PMID: 36503622 PMCID: PMC9743632 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-022-00141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual ectopic thyroid, a very rare condition, is defined as the simultaneous presence of ectopic thyroid tissue in two abnormal locations. Here, we report the surgical management of a patient with dual ectopic thyroid. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was a 12-year-old boy with right para-midline swelling for 2 months. On physical examination of the upper anterior neck, there was a 4 cm × 3 cm mass that was soft, mobile, smooth, and painless. Blood examination showed euthyroidism. Neck ultrasonography showed a well-circumscribed multilocular cyst. We followed up by observation only because the patient had no local symptoms or malignancy. After 2 years, the mass gradually enlarged, so we performed surgery to improve cosmetic outcomes. Preoperative neck CT revealed both a high-density solid mass at the base of the tongue and a central low-density region surrounded by a high-density area at the pretracheal region below the hyoid. The infrahyoid mass was surgically removed, and the sublingual mass was left intact. Pathological findings showed the growth of multiple-size follicles, leading to a diagnosis of adenomatous goiter. Postoperative 123-I scintigraphy showed radioactive iodine uptake in the sublingual lesion, but none in the normal thyroid bed despite the extirpation of thyroid tissue. Postoperative thyroid hormone replacement was started for subclinical hypothyroidism. One year postoperatively, the patient became euthyroid. CONCLUSION Surgical excision was used to manage a symptomatic cervical infrahyoid mass related to dual ectopic thyroid. Postoperatively, thyroid hormone replacement was required both to prevent enlargement of the remaining sublingual thyroid and to maintain adequate thyroid hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Saito
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Hirona Banno
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Yukie Ito
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Mirai Ido
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Manami Goto
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Takahito Ando
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Junko Kousaka
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Yukako Mouri
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Kimihito Fujii
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Imai
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan
| | - Shogo Nakano
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Aichi, 480-1195, Nagakute-City, Japan.
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Hospital Pathology Department, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute-City, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
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Parida PK, Herkel K, Preetam C, Pradhan P, Samal DK, Sarkar S. Management of Lingual Thyroid with Second Thyroid Anomaly: An Institutional Experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:5329-5337. [PMID: 36742580 PMCID: PMC9895310 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with Lingual thyroid (LT) may have second thyroid anomaly (STA).Given rarity of dual ectopics/anomalies, standardized management recommendations are lacking. We aimed to describe our experience in management of LT with STA and suggest a management algorithm. We conducted a retrospectivechart review of patients diagnosed with LT between Jul-2013 and Dec-2019. Data regarding demographics, clinical presentation, endocrine-profile, associated STA treatment received, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Eight patients (female-7 cases, male-1 case, adult-4 cases, children-4 cases, mean age-18.1 years, range 6-43 years) with LT were identified. Four(50%) cases had STA in addition to LT (thyroglossal cyst in two-cases, sublingual thyroid in one-case and sub-mental thyroid in one-case) and presented as neck mass. Diagnosis was confirmed with flexible-nasopharyngoscopy,ultrasonography,thyroid-scintigraphy and computed-tomography. Ectopic thyroid(s) was/were only functional thyroid gland with absence of normal thyroid in all cases. Two- cases had symptomatic for LT and were managed by coblation assisted excision of LT in one and I131 ablation in one-case.All adult patients were hypothyroidand received thyroxin.All pediatric cases were euthyroidand received no surgical intervention for LT.Three patients required surgery for STA; Sistrunk surgery in two and excision of submental thyroid in one. All cases were asymptomatic. These results were utilized to suggest a management algorithm for LT with STA. LT patients with STA are more symptomatic and required more surgical interventions in compare to isolated LT. When appropriate, excision of STA with/without intervention for LT and thyroxin is advocated as the treatment modality of choice in LT patients with STA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Kumar Parida
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751020 India
| | - Karthik Herkel
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751020 India
| | - Chapity Preetam
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751020 India
| | - Pradeep Pradhan
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751020 India
| | - Dillip Kumar Samal
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751020 India
| | - Saurav Sarkar
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751020 India
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Pederzoli S, Salviato T, Mattioli F, Di Massa G, Brigante G. Chronic thyroiditis in lateral ectopic thyroid mimicking cervical metastasis of thyroid cancer. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2021; 2021:EDM210052. [PMID: 34196277 PMCID: PMC8284945 DOI: 10.1530/edm-21-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY We present the case of a 45-year-old Caucasian woman who attended the Endocrinology Unit for a left cervical mass discovered during follow-up for autoimmune chronic thyroiditis. The ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion was consistent with a metastasis of follicular thyroid carcinoma. The sonographic neck evaluation revealed no thyroid nodules but three markedly hypoechoic and highly vascularized areas, with irregular margins and hyperechoic spots. In the clinical suspicion of primary thyroid neoplasm, ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of two of the three areas was performed, but both cytological reports were non-diagnostic, revealing only colloid and blood. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical removal of the cervical mass, with the intra-operatory consultation with frozen section examination suggesting follicular-like neoplasia. For this reason, thyroidectomy with both central and lateral neck dissection was performed. Surprisingly, the final histologic examination revealed chronic thyroiditis in the thyroid specimen and no evidence of metastasis in the left neck mass. Consequently, the pathological revision of the frozen section assessment led to the final diagnosis of chronic thyroiditis on the lateral ectopic thyroid. This case represents an uncommon example of lateral ectopic thyroid tissue with coexisting normally located thyroid tissue both affected by chronic thyroiditis. LEARNING POINTS Ectopic thyroid must be considered in the diagnostic work-up of lateral neck mass. Even if rare, ectopic thyroid tissue can be found lateral to the carotid sheath and with coexisting normally located thyroid tissue. As the orthotopic tissue, lateral ectopic thyroid tissue can be affected by chronic thyroiditis, which may complicate the diagnosis both on ultrasound and cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pederzoli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tiziana Salviato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Mattioli
- Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Di Massa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Brigante
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Abstract
Congenital neck masses can be a developmental anomaly of cystic, solid, or vascular origin. They can also constitute neoplasms, including malignancies, although this is rare in the pediatric population. The history and examination can help quickly narrow the differential diagnosis. Imaging also plays an essential role in defining the characteristics and likely cause of neck masses. The most common neck masses in young children are thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft anomalies, and dermoid cysts. Also important to consider in the differential diagnosis are solid tumors, such as teratomas, or vascular lesions, such as hemangiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Quintanilla-Dieck
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, PV-01, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Edward B Penn
- Department of General Surgery, Greenville Health System, Greenville ENT Associates, 200 Patewood Drive Suite B400, Greenville, SC 29615, USA
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Atmaca S, Çeçen A, Kavaz E. Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in a 3-Month-Old Infant: A Rare Case. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 54:138-140. [PMID: 29392034 DOI: 10.5152/tao.2016.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital midline neck mass in children. It usually becomes symptomatic following a respiratory tract infection and is usually diagnosed at 5 years of age. Thyroglossal duct cyst is rarely observed in less than 1-year-old infants. In this study, we present a 3-month-old infant with TGDC, who was administered multiple courses of antibiotic therapy for the hyperemic, draining, midline neck mass that had existed since he was 15 days old. Physical examination revealed an infrahyoid midline neck mass measuring 3×3 cm, which moved while swallowing and had a sinus opening in the overlying skin. The patient underwent Sistrunk operation under general anesthesia. Histopathologic examination revealed TGDC. One-year follow-up revealed no recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Atmaca
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çeçen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Esra Kavaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
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8
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Prisman E, Patsias A, Genden EM. Transoral robotic excision of ectopic lingual thyroid: Case series and literature review. Head Neck 2015; 37:E88-91. [PMID: 24816912 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical excision of an ectopic lingual thyroid has traditionally been associated with significant morbidity and has therefore been reserved for patients with severe obstructive symptoms or suspected malignancy. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has provided a minimally invasive approach to completely and safely excise ectopic lingual thyroid. METHODS Three index cases were identified from the detailed clinical database of TORS patients. A systematic review of the management of ectopic lingual thyroid in the English literature was performed. RESULTS TORS-assisted excision of a lingual thyroid gland was successfully performed in 3 patients with excellent functional outcomes CONCLUSION TORS-assisted excision of an ectopic lingual thyroid is a safe and feasible treatment modality with minimal morbidity, and, in experienced hands, should be offered as a valid treatment for this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Prisman
- Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Gordon & Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexis Patsias
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eric M Genden
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Head Neck and Thyroid Center, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York
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Abstract
Ectopy of the thyroid gland is an abnormal embryological development. Its occurrence in children is rare. In this study, we report the case of a 12-year-old girl that presented with dysphagia and nocturnal dyspnea. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of a lingual thyroid. Thyroid scintigraphy showed intense and elective uptake of radiotracer at the base of the tongue. Hormonal tests revealed hypothyroidism. Treatment consisted of opotherapy based on levothyroxine. Evolution has been favourable and the patient showed significant improvement with reduction of the dyspnea and the dysphagia and normalization of thyroid hormone tests.
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Adelchi C, Mara P, Melissa L, De Stefano A, Cesare M. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the head and neck: a case series. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:790. [PMID: 25376176 PMCID: PMC4233051 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Through a review of three cases, the etiopathogenetic, clinical-diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of ectopic thyroid tissue are herein discussed to highlight the main presentations of this polymorphous disease. Case presentations The first case involved an ectopic thyroid gland in the lingual area in a 45-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with dysphagia and midline swelling at the base of the tongue. The second case involved a 22-year-old Caucasian woman with a submandibular mass comprising ectopic thyroid tissue. The third case involved a 33-year-old Caucasian man with a typical thyroglossal duct cyst characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue upon histological analysis. Conclusion Surgery seems to be the most appropriate treatment for patients with ectopic thyroid tissue showing clinical signs of upper airway obstruction or when the lesion shows signs of infection or malignant degeneration. When a site of ectopic thyroid tissue is the only such site in the body, removal of this tissue will usually lead to hypothyroidism that requires medical thyroid hormone replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Croce Adelchi
- Department of Medical Oral Sciences, and Biotechnology, Section of Otolaryngology, "G, D'Annunzio" University, Chieti - Pescara, Italy.
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12
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Madani FM, Kuperstein AS. Normal variations of oral anatomy and common oral soft tissue lesions: evaluation and management. Med Clin North Am 2014; 98:1281-98. [PMID: 25443677 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Examination of the oral cavity can provide significant diagnostic information regarding the general health of the patient. The oral cavity is affected by a multitude of pathologic conditions of variable cause and significance; however, there are numerous normal variations of oral soft tissue structures that may resemble a pathologic state. Understanding these variations assists practitioners to discriminate between normal versus abnormal findings and determine the appropriate course of management, if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh M Madani
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arthur S Kuperstein
- Oral Medicine Clinical Services, Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Redefining anatomy in a case of midline subhyoid ectopic thyroid. Indian J Surg 2014; 76:333-5. [PMID: 25278663 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-013-0846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberration of the thyroid descent. Subhyoid median ectopic thyroid gland is a result of incomplete descent of the thyroid anlage and is characterized by a cosmetically unacceptable ovoid mass of thyroid tissue in the midline overlying the thyroid cartilage and thyrohyoid membrane. A normally placed thyroid gland is not detectable and in most cases all functioning thyroid tissue is located within the mass. Most of the ectopic thyroids are usually mistaken for a thyroglossal cyst and excised. Severe myxedema follows removal. Many cases have been reported in the literature, none of which was recognized prior to operation. All patients were operated upon for removal of a thyroglossal duct cyst. The diagnosis was missed at operation and in these cases severe myxedema was universal. The cause of the myxedema was not always immediately recognized. Therefore, many diagnostic tests including thyroid function test, ultrasound of the neck, and thyroid scanning had been recommended in the preoperative evaluation of a thyroglossal cyst. Here, we present a case of ectopic thyroid mass which was the only thyroid tissue present in the neck. So, division and repositioning of the thyroid mass thereby redefining the anatomy was done with good cosmetic results.
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Deshmukh SD, Khandeparkar SGS, Gulati HK, Naik CS. Microfollicular adenoma of ectopic thyroid gland masquerading as salivary gland tumor - a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2014; 8:270. [PMID: 25103611 PMCID: PMC4136397 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-8-270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ectopic thyroid tissue may appear in any location along the trajectory of the thyroglossal duct from the foramen cecum to the mediastinum. Rarely, there is incomplete descent of the gland where the final resting point may be high resulting in sublingual ectopic thyroid tissue. Ectopic thyroid tissue carries a low risk of malignancy. Most recently reported neoplasms in ectopic thyroid tissue have been papillary carcinoma of thyroid. Individual case reports of clear cell type of follicular adenoma within the ectopic thyroid tissue have been described in the literature. Case presentation We present a rare case of microfollicular follicular adenoma in an ectopic sublingual thyroid tissue presenting as submental swelling in a euthyroid 24-year-old Dravidian woman. Conclusion Findings in this case emphasize that when confronted with a submental/sublingual mass lesion, the evaluation of thyroid function tests and ultrasonography of the neck should be included in a pre-operative workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay D Deshmukh
- Department of Pathology, Smt, Kashibai Navale Medical College & General Hospital, Narhe, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
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15
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Scintigraphic detection of dual ectopic thyroid tissue: experience of a Chinese tertiary hospital. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95686. [PMID: 24748408 PMCID: PMC3991721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess scintigraphic pattern, clinical indication and relevance of dual ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT). Literature is reviewed for such cases. Methods In this 5-year retrospective study, we reviewed all thyroid scintigraphies in our data base. Patients diagnosed with suspected ETT were identified. Literature is reviewed. Statistics were done by one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference test. Results From 11905 thyroid scintigraphies during the 5-year period, we retrieved 121 patients eligible for analysis. The top two indications were assessing a palpable front neck mass to determine whether it was an ETT, and primary hypothyroidism. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 with single ETT (83 cases); group 2 with dual ETT (6 cases) and group 3 with athyroid (32 cases). Age and thyroid hormones were highest in group 2, and lowest in group 3. Thyrotropin was highest in group 3, and lowest in group 2. Thyroxine was given to hypothyroid patients, while no surgery was performed. There were 42 published cases with dual ETT, most of whom were under 30 years old. 38.10% of them were euthyroid, 33.33% hypothyroid, and 21.43% subclinical hypothyroid. Most frequent ectopic positions included lingual (33.73%), sublingual (27.71%) and subhyoid (22.89%). Conclusions In our cohort, incidence of dual ETT was 0.05% if the denominator was total number of thyroid scintigraphies. The incidence was 4.96% if the denominator was the number of patients with suspected ETT. Important clinical indication is a front neck palpable mass suggestive of an ETT. Important clinical relevance of recognizing the dual ETT pattern is to avoid inappropriate surgery. After reviewing all published cases, we find dual ETT is often seen in young patients. Most of such patients are euthyroid or mildly hypothyroid. Thyroid ectopia often resides in lingual, sublingual and subhyoid areas.
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Prado H, Prado A, Castillo B. Lateral Ectopic Thyroid: A Case Diagnosed Preoperatively. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2012; 91:E14-8. [DOI: 10.1177/014556131209100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon condition defined as the presence of thyroid tissue at a site other than the pretracheal area. When the process of embryologic migration is disturbed, aberrant thyroid tissue may appear. In most cases, ectopic thyroid is located along the embryologic descent path of migration as either a lingual thyroid or a thyroglossal duct cyst. In rare cases, aberrant migration can result in lateral ectopic thyroid tissue. Approximately 1 to 3% of all ectopic thyroids are located in the lateral neck. Ectopic tissue frequently represents the only presence of thyroid tissue; a second site of orthotopic or ectopic thyroid tissue is found in other cases. The presentation of ectopic thyroid as a lateral mass should be differentiated from metastatic thyroid cancer; other differential diagnoses include a submandibular tumor, branchial cleft cyst, carotid body tumor, and lymphadenopathy of various etiologies. In addition to the history and physical examination, the workup for a patient with a submandibular mass suspicious for ectopic thyroid should include (1) technetium-99m or iodine-131 scintigraphy, (2) ultrasonography and either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, (3) fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and (4) thyroid function testing. No treatment is required for asymptomatic patients with normal thyroid function and cytology, but hypothyroid patients should be placed on thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Most cases are diagnosed postoperatively. Surgical treatment of ectopic thyroid should be considered when a malignancy is suspected or diagnosed, when the patient is symptomatic, or when thyroid suppression therapy fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Alejandro Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Bertha Castillo
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Distrito Federal, México
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Reed TP, Brisson BA, Schutt LK. Cystic ectopic lingual thyroid tissue in a male cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011; 239:981-4. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.239.7.981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Babademez MA, Günbey E, Acar B, Günbey HP. A rare cause of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: lingual thyroid. Sleep Breath 2011; 16:305-8. [PMID: 21494851 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-011-0506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Babademez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Pinarbasi mahallesi Sanatoryum caddesi Ardahan sok.no:1 Kecioren, 06310, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Multinodular goitre in lingual thyroid: case report. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2009; 124:349-51. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022215109991472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:We report a case of a multinodular goitre developing in a lingual thyroid.Method:Case report, and discussion of the embryology and treatment of lingual thyroids.Case report:A 66-year-old woman presented with dysphagia secondary to a multinodular lingual goitre. A previously silent lingual thyroid had undergone multinodular change to cause dysphagia and eventually airway compromise. The goitre was excised via a midline, mandible-splitting approach.Conclusion:Lingual thyroids have an incidence of one in 3000 to 10 000. There has not previously been a reported case of such an ectopic gland undergoing multinodular changes and presenting in later life.
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Abellán Galiana P, Cámara Gómez R, Campos Alborg V, Rivas Sánchez A, Salom Fuster JV, Muñoz Gómez C. [Dual ectopic thyroid: subclinical hypothyroidism after extirpation of a submaxillary mass]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 28:26-9. [PMID: 19232175 DOI: 10.1016/s0212-6982(09)70213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare clinical entity, and more so when it is present in two different locations. We present the case of a 38-year-old euthyroid woman with submandibular and lingual ectopic thyroid tissue in the absence of a normally located thyroid gland, diagnosed after the extirpation of an asymptomatic mass misdiagnosed as a neoplasm of the submaxillary gland. Despite its low frequency, the possibility of ectopic thyroid should be considered when making a differential diagnosis of neck masses, using ultra-sound, thyroid scan and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abellán Galiana
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España.
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22
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Gopal RA, Acharya SV, Bandgar T, Menon PS, Marfatia H, Shah NS. Clinical Profile of Ectopic Thyroid in Asian Indians: a Single-Center Experience. Endocr Pract 2009; 15:322-5. [PMID: 19454389 DOI: 10.4158/ep08362.orr1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Guimarães MJADC, Valente CMS, Santos L, Baganha MF. Tireoide ectópica no mediastino anterior. J Bras Pneumol 2009; 35:383-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132009000400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A ectopia de tireoide é rara, e a sua localização no mediastino anterior é excepcional, estando descritos apenas 5 casos nos últimos 30 anos. Os autores apresentam 2 casos clínicos, além de uma revisão da literatura abordando a etiologia, a embriologia e manifestações clínicas de ectopia de tireoide.
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24
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Fujioka K, Fujioka A, Ban Y, Oishi M, Yano K, Sanuki E, Takahashi M, Tanaka Y, Ida M. A case of dual ectopic thyroid accompanied by positive antithyroid antibodies. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2008; 35:201. [PMID: 27278993 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-008-0198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid tissue is an uncommon congenital aberration that is seldom present at two different sites simultaneously. The patient was a 32-year-old woman with dual ectopic thyroid accompanied by positive antithyroid antibodies. The simultaneous occurrence of dual ectopic thyroid and positive antithyroid antibodies has been documented in only two cases: the case discussed here and one previous case. The cervical ectopic thyroid was followed up by ultrasound, which showed an increase in the size of the lesion and an internal echo texture that became slightly heterogeneous after the patient had her second child. We speculated that these changes resulted from the changes in hormone demand brought on by pregnancy and parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Fujioka
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
| | | | - Yoshio Ban
- Department of Endocrinology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Oishi
- Department of Neurology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yano
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sanuki
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Motoichiro Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ida
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation Ebara Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Sood A, Sood V, Sharma DR, Seam RK, Kumar R. Thyroid scintigraphy in detecting dual ectopic thyroid: a review. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008; 35:843-6. [PMID: 18175113 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-007-0672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic thyroid is a rare entity and can occur at any location in the midline position. A role for the ectopic thyroid in the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism and nongoitrous cretinism has been emphasized. OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical characteristics of an ectopic thyroid by analyzing 49 cases reported in Korea. DESIGN This study was a retrospective review of 19 cases who were diagnosed by thyroid scan at our institutions together with 30 cases reported in the Korean medical literature, found using KoreaMed. MAIN OUTCOMES Most cases of ectopic thyroid were diagnosed in patients aged between 1 and 29 years; it was more common in females (43 patients). A lingual thyroid was found in 23 patients, a sublingual thyroid in 17 patients, combined type in 7 patients, a prelaryngeal thyroid in 1 patient, and an intratracheal thyroid in 1 patient. Only four cases had the thyroid gland in the normal position. The chief complaints at presentation were palpable mass in 20 patients, growth retardation in 10 patients, and a lump sensation in the throat in 6 patients. Twenty-six of 42 patients (61.9%) had hypothyroidism, and 16 patients (38.1%) had euthyroidism. As for the treatment modalities, 18 of 26 patients with hypothyroidism and 4 of 16 patients with normal thyroid function received thyroid hormone medication; 3 of 26 patients with hypothyroidism and 8 of 16 patients with euthyroidism underwent resection of the ectopic thyroid. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that radionuclide thyroid scanning and function testing may be useful not only for the diagnosis of an ectopic thyroid but also before deciding on the therapeutic modality; patients should be followed up to detect changes in thyroid function and malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sung Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
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27
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Abstract
Ectopic thyroid tissue is an uncommon congenital aberration. It is further unusual for ectopic thyroid to be present at 2 different sites simultaneously. Only 19 cases of dual ectopic thyroid have been reported in the English literature. Most of the patients were adolescents and presented with anterior neck swelling with or without altered metabolic status. Lingual/sublingual thyroid was the most common ectopic location. Subhyoid was the most common site of a second ectopic thyroid in these patients. The thyroid scan has been used successfully to diagnose ectopic thyroid tissue. We report 4 such cases in which ectopic thyroid tissue was simultaneously present at 2 different locations using thyroid scanning. The literature of already reported cases is reviewed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Chawla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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28
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Papalambros E, Griniatsos J, Syriou V, Hasiotis D, Felekouras E, Sigala F, Anapliotou M, Bakogiannis C, Bastounis E. A Hyperthyroid Patient With Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid Goiter Affected by Graves Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ten.0000181626.63227.d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Bayat MR, Vawda F, Campbell H. Dual ectopic thyroid. Clin Radiol 2005; 60:821-5. [PMID: 15978895 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2005.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2004] [Revised: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M R Bayat
- Department of Radiology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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30
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Abstract
A 19-year-old woman was treated with bronchodilators for new-onset dyspnea with exercise. Her symptoms progressively worsened, culminating 4 months later in acute shortness of breath at rest. Flow-volume loops suggested a fixed obstruction and a computed tomography scan of the neck revealed a large subglottic mass. The patient underwent emergent tracheostomy and laryngoscopy and a near-obstructing intratracheal mass was found. Biopsy showed ectopic thyroid tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging of the neck showed a 1.4-cm tracheal lesion and a normally located thyroid gland. The intratracheal mass was resected endoscopically. Pathology revealed hyperplastic ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient has been maintained on thyroid hormone suppression therapy for 2 years without growth of the residual intratracheal thyroid tissue. She recently underwent a surgical palate expansion. We present this case, along with a literature review of ectopic intratracheal thyroid, its epidemiology, possible etiologies, genetic underpinnings, presentation, and treatment. The co-occurrence of an ectopic thyroid, a functioning orthotopic gland, and a high arched palate is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel E Bowen-Wright
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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31
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Kisakol G, Gonen S, Kaya A, Dikbas O, Sari O, Kiresi D, Gungor K, Karakurt F. Dual ectopic thyroid gland with Graves' disease and unilateral ophthalmopathy: a case report and review of the literature. J Endocrinol Invest 2004; 27:874-7. [PMID: 15648554 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid gland (ETG) is a rare entity and can be seen anywhere in the route of descending gland. It is much rarer when encountered away from the midline. Dual ETG is such a rare entity that only a few have been reported in the literature. ETGs not only cause thyroid dysfunction, most commonly hypothyroidism and rarely hyperthyroidism, but also frequent local symptoms. Therapeutic options change according to patients' co-morbid diseases, age, size of goiter and presence of local symptoms. Graves' disease is very rarely detected in a patient with ectopic thyroid. There is no report in literature concerning ectopic thyroid presenting with Graves' disease and unilateral ophthalmopathy. We describe a case with dual ETG and Graves' disease and unilateral ophthalmopathy: it is the first reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kisakol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Meram Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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32
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Maino K, Skelton H, Yeager J, Smith KJ. Benign ectopic thyroid tissue in a cutaneous location: a case report and review. J Cutan Pathol 2003; 31:195-8. [PMID: 14690467 DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2004.00160.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many years, lateral, aberrant thyroid tissue in adults was a term used almost exclusively for metastatic thyroid carcinoma. However, aberrant, benign ectopic thyroid tissue does occur, and it is most commonly found as a part of the evaluation of endocrine dysfunction. Rarely, aberrant, benign ectopic thyroid presents as a primary mass. CASE REPORT We present a 35-year-old female who presented for removal of a lifelong posterior lateral neck nodule. RESULTS Histologic examination and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the presence of aberrant, benign ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient had no endocrine problems, and she had a normally located and functioning thyroid gland. CONCLUSIONS This case illustrates that not all aberrant thyroid tissues in adults are malignant or associated with endocrine disorders. This case also illustrates the rare association of ectopic thyroid and a normally located and functioning thyroid gland. In this patient, a somatic mutation in a transcription factor important in thyroid migration could explain these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Maino
- Department of Dermatology, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
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34
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Demir H, Berk F, Isgoren S, Erdincler RO, Ciftci E, Aktolun C. Subhyoid ectopic thyroid with mediolateral location in a developmentally retarded child with hypothyroidism in an iodine deficiency region. Ann Nucl Med 2002; 16:483-6. [PMID: 12508839 DOI: 10.1007/bf02988646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The authors present a case of subhyoid ectopic thyroid with mediolateral location diagnosed by technetium-99m pertechnetate scan. The ectopia was associated with hypothyroidism and developmental retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Demir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kocaeli University Medical School, Derince, Kocaeli, Turkey
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35
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Jiménez Oliver V, Ruiz Rico R, Dávila Morillo A, Fernández Ruiz E, Ruiz del Portal JM, Pérez Arcos JA, Rodríguez Baró G. [Intra-laryngeal ectopic thyroid tissue. Report of one case and review of the literature]. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2002; 53:54-9. [PMID: 11998521 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(02)78282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue not located in his normal anatomic situation. There have been described four general groups within the upper aerodigestive tract: lingual, sublingual, thyroglossal and intralaryngotracheal. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid tissue is rare and constitute 7 per cent of all intratracheal tumours, and it represents a problem of diagnosis and management. The controversy about the genesis of this tumours remains. There are two established theories: "the malformation theory" and "the ingrowth theory". These tumours affect more frequently adult female. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid have been mainly reported on the posterior-left wall of the trachea. The most common clinical feature is stridor due to progressive upper airway obstruction. Up to 75% of the intralaryngotracheal goiters are associated with and external goiter. This paper reports a case of ectopic subglotic thyroid in a 42 year-old-female. The embryology, diagnosis and management of this tumours are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Jiménez Oliver
- Servicio de ORL, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga
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36
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Patnaik AK, Peterson ME, Hidgon A. Ectopic lingual thyroid tissue in a cat. J Feline Med Surg 2000; 2:143-6. [PMID: 11716609 PMCID: PMC10829114 DOI: 10.1053/jfms.2000.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2000] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid tissue was identified at the base of the tongue in a 9-year-old, euthyroid, domestic shorthair cat. The lingual submucosa and the muscles were replaced by thyroid tissue, which consisted of various-sized follicles each lined by a row of cuboidal epithelium. Many follicles contained eosinophilic, periodic acid Schiff-positive, colloid material. Imunohistochemically, the epithelial cells stained positive for AE(1)/AE(3)and thyroglobulin. No calcitonin positive cells or parathyroid tissue was seen. The cat has been followed for 1018 days after surgery, is clinically well and remains euthyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Patnaik
- Department of Pathology, The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York 10021, USA
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37
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Kumar R, Khullar S, Gupta R, Marwah A, Drm MA. Dual thyroid ectopy: case report and review of the literature. Clin Nucl Med 2000; 25:253-4. [PMID: 10750961 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200004000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dual ectopic thyroid glands rarely occur, and only six cases have been reported in the literature. The authors describe a 14-year-boy who had a midline neck swelling for 8 to 9 years. The swelling increased gradually, but he had no pressure symptoms. The thyroid hormone profile showed a moderately increased thyroid-stimulating hormone value and normal T3 and T4 levels. A Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate thyroid scan showed dual ectopic thyroid glands in the sublingual and subhyoid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
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