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Lin D, Lechermann LM, Huestis MP, Marik J, Sap JBI. Light-Driven Radiochemistry with Fluorine-18, Carbon-11 and Zirconium-89. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317136. [PMID: 38135665 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses recent advances in light-driven radiochemistry for three key isotopes: fluorine-18, carbon-11, and zirconium-89, and their applications in positron emission tomography (PET). In the case of fluorine-18, the predominant approach involves the use of cyclotron-produced [18F]fluoride or reagents derived thereof. Light serves to activate either the substrate or the fluorine-18 labeled reagent. Advancements in carbon-11 photo-mediated radiochemistry have been leveraged for the radiolabeling of small molecules, achieving various transformations, including 11C-methylation, 11C-carboxylation, 11C-carbonylation, and 11C-cyanation. Contrastingly, zirconium-89 photo-mediated radiochemistry differs from fluorine-18 and carbon-11 approaches. In these cases, light facilitates a postlabeling click reaction, which has proven valuable for the labeling of large biomolecules such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). New technological developments, such as the incorporation of photoreactors in commercial radiosynthesizers, illustrate the commitment the field is making in embracing photochemistry. Taken together, these advances in photo-mediated radiochemistry enable radiochemists to apply new retrosynthetic strategies in accessing novel PET radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lin
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
- Current address: University of Southern California Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, 837 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Laura M Lechermann
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Malcolm P Huestis
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jan Marik
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeroen B I Sap
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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2
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d'Orchymont F, Holland JP. Asymmetric rotaxanes as dual-modality supramolecular imaging agents for targeting cancer biomarkers. Commun Chem 2023; 6:107. [PMID: 37264077 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-modality imaging agents featuring both a radioactive complex for positron emission tomography (PET) and a fluorophore for optical fluorescence imaging (OFI) are crucial tools for reinforcing clinical diagnosis and intraoperative surgeries. We report the synthesis and characterisation of bimodal mechanically interlocked rotaxane-based imaging agents, constructed via the cucurbit[6]uril CB[6]-mediated alkyne-azide 'click' reaction. Two synthetic routes involving four- or six-component reactions are developed to access asymmetric rotaxanes. Furthermore, by using this rapid and versatile approach, a peptide-based rotaxane targeted toward the clinical prostate cancer biomarker, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and bearing a 68Ga-radiometal ion complex for positron emission tomography and fluorescein as an optically active imaging agent, was synthesised. The chemical and radiochemical stability, and the cellular uptake profile of the radiolabelled and fluorescent rotaxane was evaluated in vitro where the experimental data demonstrate the viability of using an asymmetric rotaxane platform to produce dual-modality imaging agents that specifically target prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustine d'Orchymont
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Truong VX, Holloway JO, Barner-Kowollik C. Fluorescence turn-on by photoligation - bright opportunities for soft matter materials. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13280-13290. [PMID: 36507164 PMCID: PMC9682895 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photochemical ligation has become an indispensable tool for applications that require spatially addressable functionalisation, both in biology and materials science. Interestingly, a number of photochemical ligations result in fluorescent products, enabling a self-reporting function that provides almost instantaneous visual feedback of the reaction's progress and efficiency. Perhaps no other chemical reaction system allows control in space and time to the same extent, while concomitantly providing inherent feedback with regard to reaction success and location. While photoactivable fluorescent properties have been widely used in biology for imaging purposes, the expansion of the array of photochemical reactions has further enabled its utility in soft matter materials. Herein, we concisely summarise the key developments of fluorogenic-forming photoligation systems and their emerging applications in both biology and materials science. We further summarise the current challenges and future opportunities of exploiting fluorescent self-reporting reactions in a wide array of chemical disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh X Truong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Singapore 138 634 Singapore
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Joshua O Holloway
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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4
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Yuen R, West FG, Wuest F. Dual Probes for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Fluorescence Imaging (FI) of Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030645. [PMID: 35336019 PMCID: PMC8952779 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual probes that possess positron emission tomography (PET) and fluorescence imaging (FI) capabilities are precision medicine tools that can be used to improve patient care and outcomes. Detecting tumor lesions using PET, an extremely sensitive technique, coupled with fluorescence-guided surgical resection of said tumor lesions can maximize the removal of cancerous tissue. The development of novel molecular probes is important for targeting different biomarkers as every individual case of cancer has different characteristics. This short review will discuss some aspects of dual PET/FI probes and explore the recently reported examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Yuen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (R.Y.); (F.G.W.)
| | - Frederick G. West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (R.Y.); (F.G.W.)
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (R.Y.); (F.G.W.)
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta—Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G IZ2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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5
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Ariztia J, Solmont K, Moïse NP, Specklin S, Heck MP, Lamandé-Langle S, Kuhnast B. PET/Fluorescence Imaging: An Overview of the Chemical Strategies to Build Dual Imaging Tools. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:24-52. [PMID: 34994545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is a biomedical research discipline that has quickly emerged to afford the observation, characterization, monitoring, and quantification of biomarkers and biological processes in living organism. It covers a large array of imaging techniques, each of which provides anatomical, functional, or metabolic information. Multimodality, as the combination of two or more of these techniques, has proven to be one of the best options to boost their individual properties, hence offering unprecedented tools for human health. In this review, we will focus on the combination of positron emission tomography and fluorescence imaging from the specific perspective of the chemical synthesis of dual imaging agents. Based on a detailed analysis of the literature, this review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the chemical strategies implemented to build adequate imaging tools considering radiohalogens and radiometals as positron emitters, fluorescent dyes mostly emitting in the NIR window and all types of targeting vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julen Ariztia
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay, 91401, Orsay, France
| | - Kathleen Solmont
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay, 91401, Orsay, France
| | | | - Simon Specklin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay, 91401, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Pierre Heck
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | | | - Bertrand Kuhnast
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay, 91401, Orsay, France
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6
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Abstract
A growing theme in chemistry is the joining of multiple organic molecular building blocks to create functional molecules. Diverse derivatizable structures—here termed “scaffolds” comprised of “hubs”—provide the foundation for systematic covalent organization of a rich variety of building blocks. This review encompasses 30 tri- or tetra-armed molecular hubs (e.g., triazine, lysine, arenes, dyes) that are used directly or in combination to give linear, cyclic, or branched scaffolds. Each scaffold is categorized by graph theory into one of 31 trees to express the molecular connectivity and overall architecture. Rational chemistry with exacting numbers of derivatizable sites is emphasized. The incorporation of water-solubilization motifs, robust or self-immolative linkers, enzymatically cleavable groups and functional appendages affords immense (and often late-stage) diversification of the scaffolds. Altogether, 107 target molecules are reviewed along with 19 syntheses to illustrate the distinctive chemistries for creating and derivatizing scaffolds. The review covers the history of the field up through 2020, briefly touching on statistically derivatized carriers employed in immunology as counterpoints to the rationally assembled and derivatized scaffolds here, although most citations are from the past two decades. The scaffolds are used widely in fields ranging from pure chemistry to artificial photosynthesis and biomedical sciences.
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Yuen R, Wagner M, Richter S, Dufour J, Wuest M, West FG, Wuest F. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of positron emission tomography/fluorescence dual imaging probes for targeting facilitated glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3241-3254. [PMID: 33885579 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased energy metabolism followed by enhanced glucose consumption is a hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells show overexpression of facilitated hexose transporter GLUT1, including breast cancer. GLUT1 is the main transporter for 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (2-[18F]FDG), the gold standard of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in oncology. The present study's goal was to develop novel glucose-based dual imaging probes for their use in tandem PET and fluorescence (Fl) imaging. A glucosamine scaffold tagged with a fluorophore and an 18F-label should confer selectivity to GLUT1. Out of five different compounds, 2-deoxy-2-((7-sulfonylfluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino)-d-glucose (2-FBDG) possessed favorable fluorescent properties and a similar potency as 2-deoxy-2-((7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino)-d-glucose (2-NBDG) in competing for GLUT1 transport against 2-[18F]FDG in breast cancer cells. Radiolabeling with 18F was achieved through the synthesis of prosthetic group 7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonyl [18F]fluoride ([18F]FBDF) followed by the reaction with glucosamine. The radiotracer was finally analyzed in vivo in a breast cancer xenograft model and compared to 2-[18F]FDG. Despite favourable in vitro fluorescence imaging properties, 2-[18F]FBDG was found to lack metabolic stability in vivo, resulting in radiodefluorination. Glucose-based 2-[18F]FBDG represents a novel dual-probe for GLUT1 imaging using FI and PET with the potential for further structural optimization for improved metabolic stability in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Yuen
- Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2.
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8
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Wongso H, Yamasaki T, Kumata K, Ono M, Higuchi M, Zhang MR, Fulham MJ, Katsifis A, Keller PA. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Fluorescent Probes Targeting the 18-kDa Translocator Protein. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1902-1916. [PMID: 33631047 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorescent probes from the 6-chloro-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-yl acetamides ligands featuring the 7-nitro-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl (NBD) moiety has been synthesized and biologically evaluated for their fluorescence properties and for their binding affinity to the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO). Spectroscopic studies including UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence measurements showed that the synthesized fluorescent probes exhibit favorable spectroscopic properties, especially in nonpolar environments. In vitro fluorescence staining in brain sections from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mice revealed partial colocalization of the probes with the TSPO. The TSPO binding affinity of the probes was measured on crude mitochondrial fractions separated from rat brain homogenates in a [11 C]PK11195 radioligand binding assay. All the new fluorescent probes demonstrated moderate to high binding affinity to the TSPO, with affinity (Ki ) values ranging from 0.58 nM to 3.28 μM. Taking these data together, we propose that the new fluorescent probes could be used to visualize the TSPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendris Wongso
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Center for Applied Nuclear Science and Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Maiko Ono
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Michael J Fulham
- Department of PET and Nuclear Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Andrew Katsifis
- Department of PET and Nuclear Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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9
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Fay R, Holland JP. Tuning Tetrazole Photochemistry for Protein Ligation and Molecular Imaging. Chemistry 2021; 27:4893-4897. [PMID: 33427351 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Photochemistry provides a wide range of alternative reagents that hold potential for use in bimolecular functionalisation of proteins. Here, we report the synthesis and characterisation of metal ion binding chelates derivatised with disubstituted tetrazoles for the photoradiochemical labelling of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The photophysical properties of tetrazoles featuring extended aromatic systems and auxochromic substituents to tune excitation toward longer wavelengths (365 and 395 nm) were studied. Two photoactivatable chelates based on desferrioxamine B (DFO) and the aza-macrocycle NODAGA were functionalised with a tetrazole and developed for protein labelling with 89 Zr, 64 Cu and 68 Ga radionuclides. DFO-tetrazole (1) was assessed by direct conjugation to formulated trastuzumab and subsequent radiolabelling with 89 Zr. Radiochemical studies and cellular-based binding assays demonstrated that the radiotracer remained stable in vitro retained high immunoreactivity. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and biodistribution studies were used to measure the tumour specific uptake and pharmacokinetic profile in mice bearing SK-OV-3 xenografts. Experiments demonstrate that tetrazole-based photochemistry is a viable approach for the light-induced synthesis of PET radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Fay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Chemistry of Molecular Imaging: An Overview. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Sun L, Gai Y, McNitt CD, Sun J, Zhang X, Xing W, Li Z, Popik VV, Zeng D. Photo-Click-Facilitated Screening Platform for the Development of Hetero-Bivalent Agents with High Potency. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5771-5777. [PMID: 32223160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel photo-click-based platform has been developed for rapid screening and affinity optimization of heterobivalent agents. This method allows for the efficient selection of high-affinity dual receptor-targeting agents via streamlining tedious organic synthesis and biological evaluation procedures required by traditional approaches. The high-avidity heterobivalent agents targeting both integrin αvβ3 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptors have been developed using this photo-click-facilitated screening platform. The affinity screening results were further validated by traditional in vitro and in vivo evaluation techniques, reaffirming the reliability of the method. The convenience, rapidity, universality, and robustness of the screening platform, discussed in this report, can greatly facilitate the development of new heterobivalent agents for research and/or clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Christopher D McNitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Vladimir V Popik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
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12
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Abstract
Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) is a paradigm-shifting molecular imaging modality combining the superior targeting specificity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) and the inherent sensitivity of PET technique. A variety of radionuclides and mAbs have been exploited to develop immunoPET probes, which has been driven by the development and optimization of radiochemistry and conjugation strategies. In addition, tumor-targeting vectors with a short circulation time (e.g., Nanobody) or with an enhanced binding affinity (e.g., bispecific antibody) are being used to design novel immunoPET probes. Accordingly, several immunoPET probes, such as 89Zr-Df-pertuzumab and 89Zr-atezolizumab, have been successfully translated for clinical use. By noninvasively and dynamically revealing the expression of heterogeneous tumor antigens, immunoPET imaging is gradually changing the theranostic landscape of several types of malignancies. ImmunoPET is the method of choice for imaging specific tumor markers, immune cells, immune checkpoints, and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, the integration of immunoPET imaging in antibody drug development is of substantial significance because it provides pivotal information regarding antibody targeting abilities and distribution profiles. Herein, we present the latest immunoPET imaging strategies and their preclinical and clinical applications. We also emphasize current conjugation strategies that can be leveraged to develop next-generation immunoPET probes. Lastly, we discuss practical considerations to tune the development and translation of immunoPET imaging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7137, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Zachary T Rosenkrans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7137, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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13
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Hawala I, De Rosa L, Aime S, D'Andrea LD. An innovative approach for the synthesis of dual modality peptide imaging probes based on the native chemical ligation approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3500-3503. [PMID: 32101189 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09980h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-targeting probes tagged with optical imaging and PET reporters may find applications in innovative diagnostic procedures and image-guided surgeries. The reported synthesis procedure is of general applicability to obtain dual imaging probes using fully unprotected moieties with a selective and rapid chemistry based on native chemical ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hawala
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino (TO), Italy
| | - Lucia De Rosa
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino (TO), Italy
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14
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Wu R, Liu S, Liu Y, Sun Y, Xiao H, Huang Y, Yang Z, Wu Z. PET probe with Aggregation Induced Emission characteristics for the specific turn-on of aromatase. Talanta 2020; 208:120412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Holland JP, Gut M, Klingler S, Fay R, Guillou A. Photochemical Reactions in the Synthesis of Protein-Drug Conjugates. Chemistry 2019; 26:33-48. [PMID: 31599057 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to modify biologically active molecules such as antibodies with drug molecules, fluorophores or radionuclides is crucial in drug discovery and target identification. Classic chemistry used for protein functionalisation relies almost exclusively on thermochemically mediated reactions. Our recent experiments have begun to explore the use of photochemistry to effect rapid and efficient protein functionalisation. This article introduces some of the principles and objectives of using photochemically activated reagents for protein ligation. The concept of simultaneous photoradiosynthesis of radiolabelled antibodies for use in molecular imaging is introduced as a working example. Notably, the goal of producing functionalised proteins in the absence of pre-association (non-covalent ligand-protein binding) introduces requirements that are distinct from the more regular use of photoactive groups in photoaffinity labelling. With this in mind, the chemistry of thirteen different classes of photoactivatable reagents that react through the formation of intermediate carbenes, electrophiles, dienes, or radicals, is assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Gut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Klingler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rachael Fay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amaury Guillou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Ortiz‐Rojano L, Rojas‐Martín J, Rodríguez‐Diaz C, Carreño MC, Ribagorda M. Light‐Induced Tetrazole‐Quinone 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions. Chemistry 2019; 25:15050-15054. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ortiz‐Rojano
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco TomásyValiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Jaime Rojas‐Martín
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco TomásyValiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Ciro Rodríguez‐Diaz
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco TomásyValiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - M. Carmen Carreño
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco TomásyValiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Ribagorda
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco TomásyValiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
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17
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Zhang R, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Kim HS, Sharma A, Gao J, Yang G, Kim JS, Sun Y. Rational design of a multifunctional molecular dye for dual-modal NIR-II/photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8348-8353. [PMID: 31803412 PMCID: PMC6839587 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03504d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-molecule based multifunctional probes play significant roles in biomedical science and possess high clinical translational ability. However, the preparation of these promising probes without complicated synthetic procedures remains a challenging task. Herein, we rationally designed a high-performance DD-A-DD scaffold molecular dye (SYL) with an intrinsic multifunctional ability and then incorporated it into DSPE-mPEG5000 to facilely construct biocompatible NIR-II fluorescent and photoacoustic (PA) dual-modal theranostic nanoprobes (SYL NPs) (∼120 nm). In vivo studies confirmed that SYL NPs exhibited bright NIR-II fluorescence and PA signals in the tumor region with a promising signal to background ratio (S/B). Meanwhile, SYL NPs demonstrated significantly inhibited tumor growth under laser irradiation with no noticeable side effects. These promising results highlighted SYL NPs as a potential theranostic platform for cancer diagnosis (NIR-II region) and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health , Center of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China .
- Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan 020001 , China
| | - Yuling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health , Center of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China .
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health , Center of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China .
| | - Hyeong Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Jing Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics , Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou215163 , China
| | - Guangfu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health , Center of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China .
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health , Center of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China .
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18
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Zhang R, Wang Z, Xu L, Xu Y, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Yang G. Rational Design of a Multifunctional Molecular Dye with Single Dose and Laser for Efficiency NIR-II Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Imaging Guided Photothermal Therapy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12476-12483. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Zhang
- Shanxi Da Yi Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- Shanxi Da Yi Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Liying Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guangfu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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19
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A photo-triggered conjugation approach for attaching RGD ligands to biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the tumor fluorescent imaging. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 19:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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20
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Gajadeera N, Hanson RN. Review of fluorescent steroidal ligands for the estrogen receptor 1995-2018. Steroids 2019; 144:30-46. [PMID: 30738074 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of fluorescent ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) continues to be of interest. Over the past 20 years, most efforts have focused on appending an expanding variety of fluorophores to the B-, C- and D-rings of the steroidal scaffold. This review highlights the synthesis and evaluation of derivatives substituted primarily at the 6-, 7α- and 17α-positions, culminating with our recent work on 11β-substituted estradiols, and proposes an approach to new fluorescent imaging agents that retain high ER affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisal Gajadeera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston MA02115-5000, United States
| | - Robert N Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston MA02115-5000, United States.
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21
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Liu S, Huang Y, Liu Y, Wu R, Yang Z, Sun Y, Xiao H, Cheng X, Wu Z. Aggregation-induced emission based PET probe for liver function imaging. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel aggregation-induced emission based PET probe for liver function imaging was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Yong Huang
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Yajing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Renbo Wu
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Zequn Yang
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Yuli Sun
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Xuebo Cheng
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
| | - Zehui Wu
- Brain Institute of Brain Disorders
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
- China
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22
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Liu G, Hu J, Liu S. Emerging Applications of Fluorogenic and Non-fluorogenic Bifunctional Linkers. Chemistry 2018; 24:16484-16505. [PMID: 29893499 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Homo- and hetero-bifunctional linkers play vital roles in constructing a variety of functional systems, ranging from protein bioconjugates with drugs and functional agents, to surface modification of nanoparticles and living cells, and to the cyclization/dimerization of synthetic polymers and biomolecules. Conventional approaches for assaying conjugation extents typically rely on ex situ techniques, such as mass spectrometry, gel electrophoresis, and size-exclusion chromatography. If the conjugation process involving bifunctional linkers was rendered fluorogenic, then in situ monitoring, quantification, and optical tracking/visualization of relevant processes would be achieved. In this review, conventional non-fluorogenic linkers are first discussed. Then the focus is on the evolution and emerging applications of fluorogenic bifunctional linkers, which are categorized into hetero-bifunctional single-caging fluorogenic linkers, homo-bifunctional double-caging fluorogenic linkers, and hetero-bifunctional double-caging fluorogenic linkers. In addition, stimuli-cleavable bifunctional linkers designed for both conjugation and subsequent site-specific triggered release are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guhuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleiChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleiChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleiChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
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23
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Xu Y, Tian M, Zhang H, Xiao Y, Hong X, Sun Y. Recent development on peptide-based probes for multifunctional biomedical imaging. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Sun Y, Lyu Z, Wang Z, Zeng X, Zhou H, Xu F, Chen Z, Xu Y, Xu P, Hong X. Facile Cu(ii)-mediated conjugation of thioesters and thioacids to peptides and proteins under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3610-3614. [PMID: 29708251 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00536b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bioconjugation of peptide derivatives such as polypeptides, peptide-based probes and proteins is a vibrant area in many scientific fields. However, reports on metal-mediated chemical methods towards native peptides especially non-engineering protein modification under mild conditions are still limited. Herein, we describe a novel Cu(ii)-mediated strategy for the conjugation of thioesters/thioacids to peptides under mild conditions with high functional group tolerance. Based on this strategy, polypeptides, even peptide-based fluorescent probes, can be efficiently constructed. Finally, the selective modification of lysine residues of native Ub with thioesters could be realized and complete conjugation of Ub could be achieved even under equivalent Cu(ii). These promising results could greatly expand Cu(ii)-mediated reaction strategies on chemical biology and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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25
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Zhao J, Chen J, Ma S, Liu Q, Huang L, Chen X, Lou K, Wang W. Recent developments in multimodality fluorescence imaging probes. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:320-338. [PMID: 29881672 PMCID: PMC5989919 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimodality optical imaging probes have emerged as powerful tools that improve detection sensitivity and accuracy, important in disease diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we focus on recent developments of optical fluorescence imaging (OFI) probe integration with other imaging modalities such as X-ray computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The imaging technologies are briefly described in order to introduce the strengths and limitations of each techniques and the need for further multimodality optical imaging probe development. The emphasis of this account is placed on how design strategies are currently implemented to afford physicochemically and biologically compatible multimodality optical fluorescence imaging probes. We also present studies that overcame intrinsic disadvantages of each imaging technique by multimodality approach with improved detection sensitivity and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Junwei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shengnan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lixian Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiani Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kaiyan Lou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
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26
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Xiao X, Wang X, Wang Y, Yu T, Huang L, Chen L, Li J, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Multi-Functional Peptide-MicroRNA Nanocomplex for Targeted MicroRNA Delivery and Function Imaging. Chemistry 2018; 24:2277-2285. [PMID: 29226432 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of microRNA (miRNA) mimics into specific cells/tissues and real-time monitoring on the biological function of delivered miRNA mimics at molecular level represent two major challenges in the development of miRNA-based therapeutics. Here we report a highly efficient method to address these two challenges simultaneously by using the self-assembled nanocomplex formed by miRNA mimics with a multi-functional peptide conjugate. Using the nanocomplex formed by tumor-suppressive miR-34a and the multi-functional peptide conjugate FA-R9-FPcas3 , we demonstrated the highly efficient and target-selective delivery of miR-34a into HeLa cells and tumors. With the activatable fluorescence probe integrated in the peptide conjugate FA-R9-FPcas3 , the intracellular function of miR-34a delivered by the nanocomplex to upregulate active Caspase-3 was imaged in real-time. The nanocomplex also showed significant therapeutic effects to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells and to suppress tumor growth upon tail vein injection into living mice bearing subcutaneous HeLa tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Tianren Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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27
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Sun Y, Zeng X, Xiao Y, Liu C, Zhu H, Zhou H, Chen Z, Xu F, Wang J, Zhu M, Wu J, Tian M, Zhang H, Deng Z, Cheng Z, Hong X. Novel dual-function near-infrared II fluorescence and PET probe for tumor delineation and image-guided surgery. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2092-2097. [PMID: 29675250 PMCID: PMC5892408 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04774f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The first small-molecule based αvβ3-targeted NIR-II/PET dual-modal probes via base-catalyzed thiol-addition chemistry were concisely assembled and evaluated.
Accurate tumor identification is essential in cancer management. Incomplete excision of tumor tissue, however, negatively affects the prognosis of the patient. To accomplish radical excision of tumor tissue, radiotracers can be used that target tumor tissue and can be detected using a gamma probe during surgery. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging could allow accurate real-time tumor delineation. Herein, a novel dual-modal imaging platform using base-catalyzed double addition of thiols into a propiolamide scaffold has been developed, allowing for the highly efficient and selective assembly of various thiol units in a protecting-group-free manner. The first small-molecule based αvβ3-targeted NIR-II/PET probe 68Ga-SCH2 was concisely generated via this strategy and subsequently evaluated in mice bearing the U87MG xenograft. Excellent imaging properties such as good tumor uptake, high tumor contrast and specificity, tumor delineation and image-guided surgery were achieved in the small animal models. These attractive results of 68Ga-SCH2 allow it to be a promising αvβ3-targeted NIR-II/PET probe for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China . .,Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Xiaodong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China .
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China .
| | - Changhao Liu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) , Bio-X Program , Department of Radiology , Stanford University , CA 94305 , USA .
| | - Hua Zhu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) , Bio-X Program , Department of Radiology , Stanford University , CA 94305 , USA .
| | - Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China .
| | - Ziyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China .
| | - Fuchun Xu
- Medical College , Tibet University , Lasa , 850000 , China
| | - Jule Wang
- Medical College , Tibet University , Lasa , 850000 , China
| | - Mengyue Zhu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease , Center for Experimental Basic Medical Education , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , China
| | - Junzhu Wu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease , Center for Experimental Basic Medical Education , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , China
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , 88 Jiefang Road , Hangzhou , 310009 , China .
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine , 88 Jiefang Road , Hangzhou , 310009 , China .
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China .
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) , Bio-X Program , Department of Radiology , Stanford University , CA 94305 , USA .
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology , Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals , Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China . .,Medical College , Tibet University , Lasa , 850000 , China
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28
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Menzel JP, Noble BB, Lauer A, Coote ML, Blinco JP, Barner-Kowollik C. Wavelength Dependence of Light-Induced Cycloadditions. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15812-15820. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan P. Menzel
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Benjamin B. Noble
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science,
Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrea Lauer
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michelle L. Coote
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science,
Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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29
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Ding F, Chen S, Zhang W, Tu Y, Sun Y. UPAR targeted molecular imaging of cancers with small molecule-based probes. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5179-5184. [PMID: 28869084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging can allow the non-invasive characterization and measurement of biological and biochemical processes at the molecular and cellular levels in living subjects. The imaging of specific molecular targets that are associated with cancers could allow for the earlier diagnosis and better treatment of diseases. Small molecule-based probes play prominent roles in biomedical research and have high clinical translation ability. Here, with an emphasis on small molecule-based probes, we review some recent developments in biomarkers, imaging techniques and multimodal imaging in molecular imaging and highlight the successful applications for molecular imaging of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Seng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Wanshu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yufeng Tu
- Department of Cardiology, The Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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30
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Hong SH, Sun Y, Tang C, Cheng K, Zhang R, Fan Q, Xu L, Huang D, Zhao A, Cheng Z. Chelator-Free and Biocompatible Melanin Nanoplatform with Facile-Loading Gadolinium and Copper-64 for Bioimaging. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1925-1930. [PMID: 28595014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Development of a chelator-free and biocompatible platform for the facile construction of gadolinium3+ (Gd3+)-loaded nanoparticle based probes for in vivo magentic resonance imaging (MRI) is still challenging. Herein, biocompatible Gd3+-loading melanin dots (Gd-M-dots) have been easily prepared and have exhibited good loading efficiency for Gd3+, high stability, and higher T1 relaxivity compared to the commercial Gd-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) agent. Furthermore, Gd-M-dots showed unique photoacoustic (PA) properties, and a high PA imaging signal could be observed in vivo 1 h after injection. Compared to the traditional Gd3+-loaded nanoparticles for single-modal MRI, Gd-M-dots can also be radiolabeled with 64Cu2+ for positron emission tomography. Overall, these attractive properties of Gd-M-dots render them a promising imaging agent for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Hong
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , William Keck Science Building, Room 125, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yao Sun
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chu Tang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University , Xipei Road Xinglong Section, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Quli Fan
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Liying Xu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Daijuan Huang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Anthony Zhao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University , 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center, P095, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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31
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Cal PMSD, Sieglitz F, Santos FMF, Parente Carvalho C, Guerreiro A, Bertoldo JB, Pischel U, Gois PMP, Bernardes GJL. Site-selective installation of BASHY fluorescent dyes to Annexin V for targeted detection of apoptotic cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 53:368-371. [PMID: 27935613 PMCID: PMC6485347 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08671c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorophores are indispensable for imaging biological processes. We report the design and synthesis of azide-tagged boronic acid salicylidenehydrazone (BASHY) dyes and their use for site-selective labelling of Annexin V. The Annexin V-BASHY conjugate maintained function and fluorescence as demonstrated by the targeted detection of apoptotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M S D Cal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal. and Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK.
| | - Florian Sieglitz
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Fábio M F Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cátia Parente Carvalho
- CIQSO - Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ana Guerreiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Jean B Bertoldo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK.
| | - Uwe Pischel
- CIQSO - Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Pedro M P Gois
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal. and Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK.
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32
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Zhang H, Desai P, Koike Y, Houghton J, Carlin S, Tandon N, Touijer K, Weber WA. Dual-Modality Imaging of Prostate Cancer with a Fluorescent and Radiogallium-Labeled Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonist. J Nucl Med 2016; 58:29-35. [PMID: 27516447 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.176099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptors (GRPr) are frequently overexpressed in human prostate cancer, and radiolabeled GRPr affinity ligands have shown promise for in vivo imaging of prostate cancer with PET. The goal of this study was to develop a dual-modality imaging probe that can be used for noninvasive PET imaging and optical imaging of prostate cancer. METHODS We designed and synthesized an IRDye 650 and DOTA-conjugated GRPr antagonist, HZ220 (DOTA-Lys(IRDye 650)-PEG4-[D-Phe6, Sta13]-BN(6-14)NH2), by reacting DOTA-Lys-PEG4-[D-Phe6, Sta13]-BN(6-14)NH2 (HZ219) with IRDye 650 N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester. Receptor-specific binding of gallium-labeled HZ220 was characterized in PC-3 prostate cancer cells (PC-3), and tumor uptake in mice was imaged with PET/CT and fluorescence imaging. Receptor binding affinity, in vivo tumor uptake, and biodistribution were compared with the GRPr antagonists HZ219, DOTA-PEG4-[D-Phe6, Sta13]-BN(6-14)NH2 (DOTA-AR), and DOTA-(4-amino-1-carboxymethyl-piperidine)-[D-Phe6, Sta13]-BN(6-14)NH2 (DOTA-RM2). RESULTS After hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridge purification, 68Ga-HZ220 was obtained with a radiochemical yield of 56% ± 8% (non-decay-corrected), and the radiochemical purity was greater than 95%. Ga-HZ220 had a lower affinity for GRPr (inhibitory concentration of 50% [IC50], 21.4 ± 7.4 nM) than Ga-DOTA-AR (IC50, 0.48 ± 0.18 nM) or Ga-HZ219 (IC50, 0.69 ± 0.18 nM). Nevertheless, 68Ga-HZ220 had an in vivo tumor accumulation similar to 68Ga-DOTA-AR (4.63 ± 0.31 vs. 4.07 ± 0.29 percentage injected activity per mL [%IA/mL] at 1 h after injection) but lower than that of 68Ga-DOTA-RM2 (10.4 ± 0.4 %IA/mL). The tumor uptake of 68Ga-HZ220 was blocked significantly with an excessive amount of GRP antagonists. IVIS spectrum imaging also visualized PC-3 xenografts in vivo and ex vivo with a high-contrast ratio. Autoradiography and fluorescent-based microscopic imaging with 68Ga-HZ220 consistently colocated the expression of GRPr. 68Ga-HZ220 displayed a higher kidney uptake than both 68Ga-DOTA-AR and 68Ga-DOTA-RM2 (16.9 ± 6.5 vs. 4.48 ± 1.63 vs. 5.01 ± 2.29 %IA/mL). CONCLUSION 68Ga-HZ220 is a promising bimodal ligand for noninvasive PET imaging and intraoperative optical imaging of GRPr-expressing malignancies. Bimodal nuclear/fluorescence imaging may not only improve cancer detection and guide surgical resections, but also improve our understanding of the uptake of GRPr ligands on the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pooja Desai
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yusuke Koike
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Jacob Houghton
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sean Carlin
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nidhi Tandon
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Karim Touijer
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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33
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Wang X, Aldrich MB, Yang Z, Zhou N, Xie Q, Liu C, Sevick-Muraca E. Influence of chelator and near-infrared dye labeling on biocharacteristics of dual-labeled trastuzumab-based imaging agents. Chin J Cancer Res 2016; 28:362-9. [PMID: 27478322 PMCID: PMC4949282 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2016.03.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of fluorescent dye labeling on the targeting capabilities of 111In-
(DTPA)n-trastuzumab-(IRDye 800)m. Methods Trastuzumab-based conjugates were synthesized and conjugated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) at molar ratios of 1, 2, 3 and 5 and with a fluorescent dye (IRDye 800CW) at molar ratios of 1, 3 and 5. Immunoreactivity and internalization were assessed on SKBR-3 cells, overexpressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. The stability in human serum and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was evaluated. The biodistribution of dual-labeled conjugates was compared with that of 111In-(DTPA)2-trastuzumab in a SKBR-3 xenograft model to evaluate the effect of dye-to-protein ratio. Results All trastuzumab-based conjugates exhibited a high level of chemical and optical purity. Flow cytometry results showed that increasing dye-to-protein ratios were associated with decreased immunoreactivity. Stability studies revealed that the conjugate was stable in PBS, while in human serum, increased degradation and protein precipitation were observed with increasing dye-to-protein ratios. At 4 h, the percentages of internalization of dual-labeled conjugates normalized by dye-to-protein ratio (m) were 24.88%±2.10%, 19.99%±0.59%, and 17.47%±1.26% for "m" equal to 1, 3, and 5, respectively. A biodistribution study revealed a progressive decrease in tumor uptake with an increase in the dye-to-protein ratios. The liver, spleen and kidney showed a marked uptake with increased dye-to-protein ratios, particularly in the latter. Conclusions With non-specific-site conjugation of the fluorescent dye with a protein based on imaging agent, the increase in dye-to-protein ratios negatively impacted the immunoreactivity and stability, indicating a reduced tumor uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Melissa B Aldrich
- Center for Molecular Imaging, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Nina Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Eva Sevick-Muraca
- Center for Molecular Imaging, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA
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