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Ran X, Qiu D, Shi Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Wei Z, Lu K. Multi-arm quinoxaline-based acceptors formed by π-conjugation extension for efficient organic solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:10548-10551. [PMID: 39229778 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03236e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Manipulating the conjugated backbone of small molecule acceptors (SMAs) is of particular importance in developing efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). Recently, trimers and other multi-arm SMAs have been found to be able to provide more intermolecular interaction, demonstrating excellent molecular stacking and device performance. However, the synthesis of this type of SMA usually relies on tristin or polystin compounds. Instead, expanding multiple arms in the central cores of SMAs is relatively simple and not restricted by tin compounds. Based on the quinoxaline core, two kinds of multi-arm SMAs, FQx-IC and TQx-IC with 4 and 3 arms, have been developed in this work. Compared to FQx-IC, TQx-IC exhibits an ordered face-on molecular orientation, appropriate film-forming process, and more favorable phase separation morphology and balanced charge transport. When blended with the polymer donor D18, OSCs based on TQx-IC achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.36%, which is superior to the device based on D18:FQx-IC (16.24%). In addition, using the ternary strategy of incorporating the TQx-IC into the D18:Y6 system, an excellent PCE of 18.82% is achieved. Therefore, this multi-arm molecular design strategy has great potential for regulating molecular stacking, absorption, and the corresponding device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Ran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dingding Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Yanan Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth, Grirem Advanced Materials Co., Ltd, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Mistry JR, McQueen E, Nudelman F, Sprick RS, Wright IA. Non-conventional bulk heterojunction nanoparticle photocatalysts for sacrificial hydrogen evolution from water. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:23411-23415. [PMID: 39219707 PMCID: PMC11352093 DOI: 10.1039/d4ta03584d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalyst systems combining donor polymers with acceptor molecules have shown the highest evolution rates for sacrificial hydrogen production from water for organic systems to date. Here, new donor molecules have been designed and synthesised taking inspiration from the structure-performance relationships which have been established in the development of non-fullerene acceptors. While a conventional bulk heterojunction (BHJ) pairing consists of a donor polymer and acceptor small molecule, here we have successfully reversed this approach by using new p-type small molecules in combination with a n-type conjugated polymer to produce non-conventional BHJ (ncBHJ) nanoparticles. We have applied these ncBHJs as photocatalysts in the sacrificial hydrogen evolution from water, and the best performing heterojunction displayed high activity for sacrificial hydrogen production from water with a hydrogen evolution rate of 22 321 μmol h-1 g-1 which compares well with the state-of-the-art for conventional BHJ photocatalyst systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai-Ram Mistry
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University Epinal Way Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK
| | - Ewan McQueen
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Fabio Nudelman
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Iain A Wright
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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3
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Jia X, Li Y, Cao X, Bi X, Zhao W, Yao Z, Long G, Kan B, Guo Y, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. Delicate Regulation of Central Substituents Boosts Organic Photovoltaic Performance of Dimeric Acceptors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405925. [PMID: 39225373 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Dimeric acceptors are expected to satisfy both excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, comparing to highly planar and symmetrical monomer-like acceptors, the quite different steric/spatial configurations of dimeric acceptors affect device outcomes greatly. Herein, on basis of the same dimeric molecular platform that constructed by bridging central units of two monomer-like acceptor, diverse substituents (─OCH3 for D1, ─CH3 for D2, and ─CF3 for D3) are grafted on central units to regulate the three dimensions (3D) geometries of dimeric acceptors delicately. A systematic investigation reveals the substituent-dependent variation of energy level, absorption, and molecular packing behavior. Consequently, D2 acceptor, characteristic of more favorable configuration, affords a superior film morphology and charge transfer/transport dynamics in resulting OSCs, thus yielding an excellent PCE of 17.50% along with a good long-term stability. This work manifests the crucially important role of central substituents in constructing high-performance dimeric acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes (MOE), School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Wei N, Chen J, Cheng Y, Bian Z, Liu W, Song H, Guo Y, Zhang W, Liu Y, Lu H, Zhou J, Bo Z. Constructing Multiscale Fibrous Morphology to Achieve 20% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells by Mixing High and Low Molecular Weight D18. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2408934. [PMID: 39219211 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study underscores the significance of precisely manipulating the morphology of the active layer in organic solar cells (OSCs). By blending polymer donors of D18 with varying molecular weights, a multiscale interpenetrating fiber network structure within the active layer is successfully created. The introduction of 10% low molecular weight D18 (LW-D18) into high molecular weight D18 (HW-D18) produces MIX-D18, which exhibits an extended exciton diffusion distance and orderly molecular stacking. Devices utilizing MIX-D18 demonstrate superior electron and hole transport, improves exciton dissociation, enhances charge collection efficiency, and reduces trap-assisted recombination compared to the other two materials. Through the use of the nonfullerene acceptor L8-BO, a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.0% is achieved. This methodology, which integrates the favorable attributes of high and low molecular weight polymers, opens a new avenue for enhancing the performance of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- College of Textiles & Clothing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jieni Chen
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yetai Cheng
- College of Textiles & Clothing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ziqing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Haoming Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yawen Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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5
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Bi X, Cao X, He T, Liang H, Yao Z, Yang J, Guo Y, Long G, Kan B, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. What is the Limit Size of 2D Conjugated Extension on Central Units of Small Molecular Acceptors in Organic Solar Cells? SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401054. [PMID: 38488748 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
2D conjugated extension on central units of small molecular acceptors (SMAs) has gained great successes in reaching the state-of-the-art organic photovoltaics. Whereas the limit size of 2D central planes and their dominant role in constructing 3D intermolecular packing networks are still elusive. Thus, by exploring a series of SMAs with gradually enlarged central planes, it is demonstrated that, at both single molecular and aggerated levels, there is an unexpected blue-shift for their film absorption but preferable reorganization energies, exciton lifetimes and binding energies with central planes enlarging, especially when comparing to their Y6 counterpart. More importantly, the significance of well-balanced molecular packing modes involving both central and end units is first disclosed through a systematic single crystal analysis, indicating that when the ratio of central planes area/end terminals area is no more than 3 likely provides a preferred 3D intermolecular packing network of SMAs. By exploring the limit size of 2D central planes, This work indicates that the structural profiles of ideal SMAs may require suitable central unit size together with proper heteroatom replacement instead of directly overextending 2D central planes to the maximum. These results will likely provide some guidelines for future better molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Li C, Du J, Jiang G, Gong J, Zhang Y, Yao M, Wang J, Wu L, Tang BZ. White-light activatable organic NIR-II luminescence nanomaterials for imaging-guided surgery. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5832. [PMID: 38992020 PMCID: PMC11239823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
While second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging is a promising tool for real-time surveillance of surgical operations, the previously reported organic NIR-II luminescent materials for in vivo imaging are predominantly activated by expensive lasers or X-ray with high power and poor illumination homogeneity, which significantly limits their clinical applications. Here we report a white-light activatable NIR-II organic imaging agent by taking advantages of the strong intramolecular/intermolecular D-A interactions of conjugated Y6CT molecules in nanoparticles (Y6CT-NPs), with the brightness of as high as 13315.1, which is over two times that of the brightest laser-activated NIR-II organic contrast agents reported thus far. Upon white-light activation, Y6CT-NPs can achieve not only in vivo imaging of hepatic ischemia reperfusion, but also real-time monitoring of kidney transplantation surgery. During the surgery, identification of the renal vasculature, post-reconstruction assessment of renal allograft vascular integrity, and blood supply analysis of the ureter can be vividly depicted by using Y6CT-NPs with high signal-to-noise ratios upon clinical laparoscopic LED white-light activation. Our work provides efficient molecular design guidelines towards white-light activatable imaging agent and highlights an opportunity for precision imaging theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Guoyu Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jianye Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Mengfan Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Limin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy Material and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
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7
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Qi F, Li Y, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Recent Progress of Oligomeric Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301559. [PMID: 38372481 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of over 19 % in the past few years due to the rapid development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). However, the operational stability remains a great challenge that inhibits their commercialization. Recently, oligomeric NFAs (ONFAs) have attracted great attention, which not only can deliver excellent device performance, but also improve the thermal-/photo- stability of OSCs. This is attributed to the suppressed molecular diffusion of ONFAs associated with their high glass-transition temperature (Tg) and improved thermodynamic properties of ONFAs. Herein, we focus on investigating the correction between the ONFA chemical structure, material properties, device performance, and stability. In addition, we also try to point out the challenges in synthesizing ONFAs and provide potential directions for future ONFA designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yanxun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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8
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Qiu D, Xiong S, Lai H, Wang Y, Li H, Lai X, Zhu Y, He F. Trifluoromethylation Enables Compact 2D Linear Stacking and Improves the Efficiency and Stability of Q-PHJ Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403821. [PMID: 38949043 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Compared to the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices, the quasiplanar heterojunction (Q-PHJ) exhibits a more stable morphology and superior charge transfer performance. To achieve both high efficiency and long-term stability, it is necessary to design new materials for Q-PHJ devices. In this study, QxIC-CF3 and QxIC-CH3 are designed and synthesized for the first time. The trifluoromethylation of the central core exerts a modulatory effect on the molecular stacking pattern, leveraging the strong electrostatic potential and intermolecular interactions. Compared with QxIC-CH3, the single crystal structure reveals that QxIC-CF3 exhibits a more compact 2D linear stacking behavior. These benefits, combined with the separated electron and hole transport channels in Q-PHJ device, lead to increased charge mobility and reduced energy loss. The devices based on D18/QxIC-CF3 exhibit an efficiency of 18.1%, which is the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) for Q-PHJ to date. Additionally, the thermodynamic stability of the active layer morphology enhances the lifespan of the aforementioned devices under illumination conditions. Specifically, the T80 is 420 h, which is nearly twice that of the renowned Y6-based BHJ device (T80 = 220 h). By combining the advantages of the trifluoromethylation and Q-PHJ device, efficient and stable organic solar cell devices can be constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Qiu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shilong Xiong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanjian Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xue Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yiwu Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Institute of Innovative Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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9
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Xu R, Jiang Y, Liu F, Ran G, Liu K, Zhang W, Zhu X. High Open-Circuit Voltage Organic Solar Cells with 19.2% Efficiency Enabled by Synergistic Side-Chain Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312101. [PMID: 38544433 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Restricted by the energy-gap law, state-of-the-art organic solar cells (OSCs) exhibit relatively low open-circuit voltage (VOC) because of large nonradiative energy losses (ΔEnonrad). Moreover, the trade-off between VOC and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of OSCs is more distinctive; the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of OSCs are still <15% with VOCs of >1.0 V. Herein, the electronic properties and aggregation behaviors of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are carefully considered and then a new NFA (Z19) is delicately designed by simultaneously introducing alkoxy and phenyl-substituted alkyl chains to the conjugated backbone. Z19 exhibits a hypochromatic-shifted absorption spectrum, high-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level and ordered 2D packing mode. The D18:Z19-based blend film exhibits favorable phase separation with face-on dominated molecular orientation, facilitating charge transport properties. Consequently, D18:Z19 binary devices afford an exciting PCE of 19.2% with a high VOC of 1.002 V, surpassing Y6-2O-based devices. The former is the highest PCE reported to date for OSCs with VOCs of >1.0 V. Moreover, the ΔEnonrad of Z19- (0.200 eV) and Y6-2O-based (0.155 eV) devices are lower than that of Y6-based (0.239 eV) devices. Indications are that the design of such NFA, considering the energy-gap law, could promote a new breakthrough in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China
| | - Guangliu Ran
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Kerui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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10
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Yu Y, Xia XY, Xu CF, Lv ZJ, Wang XD, Liao LS. Customizable Organic Charge-Transfer Cocrystals for the Dual-Mode Optoelectronics in the NIR (II) Window. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11845-11854. [PMID: 38648548 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Organic molecules have been regarded as ideal candidates for near-infrared (NIR) optoelectronic active materials due to their customizability and ease of large-scale production. However, constrained by the intricate molecular design and severe energy gap law, the realization of optoelectronic devices in the second near-infrared (NIR (II)) region with required narrow band gaps presents more challenges. Herein, we have originally proposed a cocrystal strategy that utilizes intermolecular charge-transfer interaction to drive the redshift of absorption and emission spectra of a series BFXTQ (X = 0, 1, 2, 4) cocrystals, resulting in the spectra located at NIR (II) window and reducing the optical bandgap to ∼0.98 eV. Significantly, these BFXTQ-based optoelectronic devices can exhibit dual-mode optoelectronic characteristics. An investigation of a series of BFXTQ-based photodetectors exhibits detectivity (D*) surpassing 1013 Jones at 375 to 1064 nm with a maximum of 1.76 × 1014 Jones at 1064 nm. Moreover, the radiative transition of CT excitons within the cocrystals triggers NIR emission over 1000 nm with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of ∼4.6% as well as optical waveguide behavior with a low optical-loss coefficient of 0.0097 dB/μm at 950 nm. These results promote the advancement of an emerging cocrystal approach in micro/nanoscale NIR multifunctional optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xing-Yu Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chao-Fei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhao-Ji Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
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11
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Sun Y, Wang L, Guo C, Xiao J, Liu C, Chen C, Xia W, Gan Z, Cheng J, Zhou J, Chen Z, Zhou J, Liu D, Wang T, Li W. π-Extended Nonfullerene Acceptor for Compressed Molecular Packing in Organic Solar Cells To Achieve over 20% Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12011-12019. [PMID: 38639467 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) suffer from a trade-off between efficient charge transport and suppressed nonradiative recombination due to the aggregation-induced luminance quenching of organic semiconductors. To resolve this grand challenge, a π-extended nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) B6Cl with large voids among the honeycomb network is designed and introduced into photovoltaic systems. We find that the presence of a small amount of (i.e., 0.5 or 1 wt %) B6Cl can compress the molecular packing of the host acceptor L8-BO, leading to shortened π-π stacking distance from 3.59 to 3.50 Å (that will improve charge transport) together with ordered alkyl chain packing (that will inhibit nonradiative energy loss due to the suppressed C-C and C-H bonds vibrations), as validated by high-energy X-ray scattering measurements. This morphology transformation ultimately results in simultaneously improved JSC, FF, and VOC of OPVs. As a result, the maximum PCEs of PM6:L8-BO and D18:L8-BO are increased from 19.1 and 19.3% to 19.8 and 20.2%, respectively, which are among the highest values for single-junction OPVs. The university of B6Cl to increase the performance of OPVs is further evidenced in a range of polymer:NFA OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuanhang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinyi Xiao
- School of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zirui Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingchao Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenghong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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12
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Shoaee S, Luong HM, Song J, Zou Y, Nguyen TQ, Neher D. What We have Learnt from PM6:Y6. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2302005. [PMID: 37623325 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Over the past three years, remarkable advancements in organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged, propelled by the introduction of Y6-an innovative A-DA'D-A type small molecule non-fullerene acceptor (NFA). This review provides a critical discussion of the current knowledge about the structural and physical properties of the PM6:Y6 material combination in relation to its photovoltaic performance. The design principles of PM6 and Y6 are discussed, covering charge transfer, transport, and recombination mechanisms. Then, the authors delve into blend morphology and degradation mechanisms before considering commercialization. The current state of the art is presented, while also discussing unresolved contentious issues, such as the blend energetics, the pathways of free charge generation, and the role of triplet states in recombination. As such, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the PM6:Y6 material combination and its potential for further development in the field of organic solar cells. By addressing both the successes and challenges associated with this system, this review contributes to the ongoing research efforts toward achieving more efficient and stable organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Shoaee
- Optoelectronics of Disordered Semiconductors, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hoang M Luong
- Centre for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jiage Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Centre for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Dieter Neher
- Soft Matter Physics and Optoelectronics, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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13
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Hume PA, Price MB, Hodgkiss JM. New Avenues for Organic Solar Cells Using Intrinsically Charge-Generating Materials. JACS AU 2024; 4:1295-1302. [PMID: 38665646 PMCID: PMC11040696 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The molecular electron acceptor material Y6 has been a key part of the most recent surge in organic solar cell sunlight-to-electricity power conversion efficiency, which is now approaching 20%. Numerous studies have sought to understand the fundamental photophysical reasons for the exceptional performance of Y6 and its growing family of structural derivatives. Though significant uncertainty about several details remains, many have concluded that initially photogenerated excited states rapidly convert into electron-hole charge pairs in the neat material. These charge pairs are characterized by location of the electron and hole on different Y6 molecules, in contrast to the Frenkel excitons that dominate the behavior of most organic semiconductor materials. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding Y6 photophysics and the key observations that have led to it. We then link this understanding to other advances, such as the role of quadrupolar fields in donor-acceptor blends, and the importance of molecular interactions and organization in providing the structural basis for Y6's properties. Finally, we turn our attention to ways of making use of the new photophysics of Y6, and suggest molecular doping, crystal structure tuning, and electric field engineering as promising avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Hume
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
| | - Michael B. Price
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Justin M. Hodgkiss
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
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14
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Dolan A, Pan X, Griffith MJ, Sharma A, de la Perrelle JM, Baran D, Metha GF, Huang DM, Kee TW, Andersson MR. Enhanced Photocatalytic and Photovoltaic Performance Arising from Unconventionally Low Donor-Y6 Ratios. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309672. [PMID: 38206096 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Development of both organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic photocatalysts has focused on utilizing the bulk heterojunction (BHJ). The BHJ promotes charge separation and enhances the carrier lifetime, but may give rise to increased charge traps, hindering performance. Here, high photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance is displayed by electron donor-acceptor (D-A) nanoparticles (NPs) and films, using the nonfullerene acceptor Y6 and polymer donor PIDT-T8BT. In contrast to conventional D-A systems, the charge generation in PIDT-T8BT:Y6 NPs is mainly driven by Y6, allowing a high performance even at a low D:A mass ratio of 1:50. The high performance at the low mass ratio is attributed to the amorphous behavior of PIDT-T8BT. Low ratios are generally thought to yield lower efficiency than the more conventional ≈1:1 ratio. However, the OPVs exhibit peak performance at a D:A ratio of 1:5. Similarly the NPs used for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution show peak performance at the 1:6.7 D:A ratio. Interestingly, for the PIDT-T8BT:Y6 system, as the polymer proportion increases, a reduced photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance is observed. The unconventional D:A ratios provide lower recombination losses and increased charge-carrier lifetime with undisrupted ambipolar charge transport in bulk Y6, enabling better performance than conventional ratios. This work reports novel light-harvesting materials in which performance is reduced due to unfavorable morphology as D:A ratios move toward conventional ratios of 1:1.2-1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dolan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Xun Pan
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, Australia
| | - Matthew J Griffith
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, 5095, Australia
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Anirudh Sharma
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Derya Baran
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gregory F Metha
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - David M Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Tak W Kee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Mats R Andersson
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, Australia
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15
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Mahadevan S, Liu T, Pratik SM, Li Y, Ho HY, Ouyang S, Lu X, Yip HL, Chow PCY, Brédas JL, Coropceanu V, So SK, Tsang SW. Assessing intra- and inter-molecular charge transfer excitations in non-fullerene acceptors using electroabsorption spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2393. [PMID: 38493131 PMCID: PMC10944474 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic cells using Y6 non-fullerene acceptors have recently achieved high efficiency, and it was suggested to be attributed to the charge-transfer (CT) nature of the excitations in Y6 aggregates. Here, by combining electroabsorption spectroscopy measurements and electronic-structure calculations, we find that the charge-transfer character already exists in isolated Y6 molecules but is strongly increased when there is molecular aggregation. Surprisingly, it is found that the large enhanced charge transfer in clustered Y6 molecules is not due to an increase in excited-state dipole moment, Δμ, as observed in other organic systems, but due to a reduced polarizability change, Δp. It is proposed that such a strong charge-transfer character is promoted by the stabilization of the charge-transfer energy upon aggregation, as deduced from density functional theory and four-state model calculations. This work provides insight into the correlation between molecular electronic properties and charge-transfer characteristics in organic electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhi Mahadevan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Hong Kong Institute of Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Taili Liu
- College of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Saied Md Pratik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0041, USA
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Hang Yuen Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Hong Kong Institute of Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Shanchao Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Hong Kong Institute of Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Hong Kong Institute of Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Philip C Y Chow
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0041, USA
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0041, USA
| | - Shu Kong So
- Department of Physics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
- Hong Kong Institute of Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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16
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Wang L, Zhu W. Organic Donor-Acceptor Systems for Photocatalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307227. [PMID: 38145342 PMCID: PMC10933655 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor materials are considered to be promising photocatalysts due to their excellent light absorption by chromophores, easy molecular structure tuning, and solution-processable properties. In particular, donor-acceptor (D-A) type organic photocatalytic materials synthesized by introducing D and A units intra- or intermolecularly, have made great progress in photocatalytic studies. More and more studies have demonstrated that the D-A type organic photocatalytic materials combine effective carrier separation, tunable bandgap, and sensitive optoelectronic response, and are considered to be an effective strategy for enhancing light absorption, improving exciton dissociation, and optimizing carrier transport. This review provides a thorough overview of D-A strategies aimed at optimizing the photocatalytic performance of organic semiconductors. Initially, essential methods for modifying organic photocatalytic materials, such as interface engineering, crystal engineering, and interaction modulation, are briefly discussed. Subsequently, the review delves into various organic photocatalytic materials based on intramolecular and intermolecular D-A interactions, encompassing small molecules, conjugated polymers, crystalline polymers, supramolecules, and organic heterojunctions. Meanwhile, the energy band structures, exciton dynamics, and redox-active sites of D-A type organic photocatalytic materials under different bonding modes are discussed. Finally, the review highlights the advanced applications of organic photocatalystsand outlines prospective challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated CircuitsMinistry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesDepartment of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Weigang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated CircuitsMinistry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesDepartment of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
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17
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Mei L, Xia X, Sun R, Pan Y, Min J, Lu X, Jen AKY, Chen XK. Molecular-Level Insight into Impact of Additives on Film Formation and Molecular Packing in Y6-based Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305977. [PMID: 37919095 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Additive engineering is widely utilized to optimize film morphology in active layers of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the role of additive in film formation and adjustment of film morphology remains unclear at the molecular level. Here, taking high-efficiency Y6-based OSC films as an example, this work thus employs all-atom molecular-dynamics simulations to investigate how introduction of additives with different π-conjugation degree thermodynamically and dynamically impacts nanoscale molecular packings. These results demonstrate that the van der Waals (vdW) interactions of the Y6 end groups with the studied additives are strongest. The larger the π-conjugation degree of the additive molecules, the stronger the vdW interactions between additive and Y6 molecules. Due to such vdW interactions, the π-conjugated additive molecules insert into the neighboring Y6 molecules, thus opening more space for relaxation of Y6 molecules to trigger more ordered packing. Increasing the interactions between the Y6 end groups and the additive molecules not only accelerates formation of the Y6 ordered packing, but also induces shorter Y6-intermolecular distances. This work reveals the fundamental molecular-level mechanism behind film formation and adjustment of film morphology via additive engineering, providing an insight into molecular design of additives toward optimizing morphologies of organic semiconductor films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yuyu Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 30 Guanghua Street, Liaoyang, 111003, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xian-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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18
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He X, Liu ZX, Chen H, Li CZ. Selectively Modulating Componential Morphologies of Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306681. [PMID: 37805706 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Achieving precise control over the nanoscale morphology of bulk heterojunction films presents a significant challenge for the conventional post-treatments employed in organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, a near-infrared photon-assisted annealing (NPA) strategy is developed for fabricating high-performance OSCs under mild processing conditions. It is revealed a top NIR light illumination, together with the bottom heating, enables the selective tuning of the molecular arrangement and assembly of narrow bandgap acceptors in polymer networks to achieve optimal morphologies, as well as the acceptor-rich top surface of active layers. The derived OSCs exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.25%, representing one of the highest PCEs for the reported binary OSCs so far. Moreover, via the NPA strategy, it has succeeded in accessing top-illuminated flexible OSCs using thermolabile polyethylene terephthalate from mineral water bottles, displaying excellent mechanical stabilities. Overall, this work will hold the potential to develop organic solar cells under mild processing with various substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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19
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Liu F, Jiang Y, Xu R, Su W, Wang S, Zhang Y, Liu K, Xu S, Zhang W, Yi Y, Ma W, Zhu X. Nonfullerene Acceptor Featuring Unique Self-Regulation Effect for Organic Solar Cells with 19 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313791. [PMID: 38050643 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The blend nanomorphology of electron-donor (D) and -acceptor (A) materials is of vital importance to achieving highly efficient organic solar cells. Exogenous additives especially aromatic additives are always needed to further optimize the nanomorphology of blend films, which is hardly compatible with industrial manufacture. Herein, we proposed a unique approach to meticulously modulate the aggregation behavior of NFAs in both crystal and thin film nanomorphology via self-regulation effect. Nonfullerene acceptor Z9 was designed and synthesized by tethering phenyl groups on the inner side chains of the Y6 backbone. Compared with Y6, the tethered phenyl groups participated in the molecular aggregation via the π-π stacking of phenyl-phenyl and phenyl-2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC-2F) groups, which induced 3D charge transport with phenyl-mediated super-exchange electron coupling. Moreover, ordered molecular packing with suitable phase separation was observed in Z9-based blend films. High power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 19.0 % (certified PCE of 18.6 %) for Z9-based devices were achieved without additives, indicating the great potential of the self-regulation strategy in NFA design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjie Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenli Su
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yaogang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kerui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengjie Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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20
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Xu Z, Li S, Huang F, He T, Jia X, Liang H, Guo Y, Long G, Kan B, Yao Z, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. Propeller vs Quasi-Planar 6-Cantilever Small Molecular Platforms with Extremely Two-Dimensional Conjugated Extension. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311686. [PMID: 37858963 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Two exotic 6-cantilever small molecular platforms, characteristic of quite different molecular configurations of propeller and quasi-plane, are established by extremely two-dimensional conjugated extension. When applied in small molecular acceptors, the only two cases of CH25 and CH26 that could contain six terminals and such broad conjugated backbones have been afforded thus far, rendering featured absorptions, small reorganization and exciton binding energies. Moreover, their distinctive but completely different molecular geometries result in sharply contrasting nanoscale film morphologies. Finally, CH26 contributes to the best device efficiency of 15.41 % among acceptors with six terminals, demonstrating two pioneered yet highly promising 6-cantilever molecular innovation platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shitong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xinyuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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21
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Shi W, Huang Y, Ma K, Si X, Feng W, Wang R, Guo J, Ma W, Wang S, Clulow A, Barnsley L, Yao Z, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. A Polymer Acceptor with Grafted Small Molecule Acceptor Unit for Efficient All Polymer Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300407. [PMID: 37704567 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
A polymer acceptor, named PX-1, is designed and synthesized using a polymerization strategy with grafted small molecule acceptors. This design approach allows for the freedom of end groups while maintaining efficient terminal packing, enhancing π-π interactions, and facilitating charge transport. All-polymer organic solar cells based on PM6: PX-1 demonstrate a promising efficiency of 13.55%. The result presents an alternative pathway for the design of high-efficiency polymer acceptors through the careful regulation of small molecule acceptor monomers and linker units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kangqiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Si
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Wanying Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Andrew Clulow
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Lester Barnsley
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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22
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Hu M, Belliveau E, Wu Y, Narayanan P, Feng D, Hamid R, Murrietta N, Ahmed GH, Kats MA, Congreve DN. Bulk Heterojunction Upconversion Thin Films Fabricated via One-Step Solution Deposition. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22642-22655. [PMID: 37963265 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion of near-infrared light into the visible has achieved limited success in applications due to the difficulty of creating solid-state films with high external quantum efficiency (EQE). Recent developments have expanded the range of relevant materials for solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion through the use of a charge-transfer state sensitization process. Here, we report the single-step solution-processed deposition of a bulk heterojunction upconversion film using organic semiconductors. The use of a bulk heterojunction thin film enables a high contact area between sensitizer and annihilator materials in this interface-triplet-generation mechanism and allows for a facile single-step deposition process. Demonstrations of multiple deposition and patterning methods on glass and flexible substrates show the promise of this materials system for solid-state upconversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manchen Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Emma Belliveau
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Pournima Narayanan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Demeng Feng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Rabeeya Hamid
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Natalia Murrietta
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ghada H Ahmed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mikhail A Kats
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel N Congreve
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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23
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He Z, Zhang HY, Du X, Yu X, Han J, Cao L, Lin H, Wang J, Zheng C, Tao S. A high-performance dual-functional organic upconversion device with detectivity approaching 10 13 Jones and photon-to-photon efficiency over 20. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:5950-5961. [PMID: 37882244 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01337e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic upconversion devices (UCDs) are a cutting-edge technology and hot topic because of their advantages of low cost and convenience in the important applications of near-infrared (NIR) detection and imaging. However, to realize utilization of triplet excitons (T1), previous UCDs have the drawback of heavily relying on toxic and costly heavy-metal-doped emitters. More importantly, due to poor performance of the detecting unit and/or emitting unit, improving their detectivity (D*) and photon-to-photon conversion efficiency (ηp-p) is still a challenge for real applications. Here, we report a high-performance dual-functional purely organic UCD that has an outstanding D* approaching 1013 Jones and a high ηp-p of 20.1% in the NIR region, which are some of the highest values among those reported for UCDs. The high performance is credited to the excellent D* of the detecting unit, exceeding 1014 Jones, and is also attributed to efficient T1 utilization via a dual reverse intersystem crossing channel and high optical out coupling achieved via a high horizontal dipole ratio in the emitting unit. The high D* and ηp-p enable the UCD to detect 850 nm light at as little as 0.29 μW cm-2 and with a high display contrast of over 70 000 : 1, significantly improving the potential of practical applications of UCDs in NIR detection and imaging. Furthermore, a fast rise time and fall time of 8.9 and 14.8 μs are also achieved. Benefiting from the high performance, consequent applications of low-power pulse-state monitoring and fine-structure bio-imaging are successfully realized with high quality results by using our organic UCDs. These results demonstrate that our design not only eliminates dependence of UCDs on heavy-metal emitters, but also takes their performance and applications to a high level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu He
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Heng-Yuan Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Jiayue Han
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Luye Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Caijun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Silu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
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24
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Ran X, Shi Y, Qiu D, Zhang J, Lu K, Wei Z. The central core size effect in quinoxaline-based non-fullerene acceptors for high VOC organic solar cells. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18291-18299. [PMID: 37941482 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05077g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
For organic solar cells (OSCs), obtaining a high open circuit voltage (VOC) is often accompanied by the sacrifice of the circuit current density (JSC) and filling factor (FF), and it is difficult to strike a balance between VOC and JSC × FF. The trade-off of these parameters is often the critical factor limiting the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Extended backbone conjugation and side chain engineering of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are effective strategies to optimize the performance of OSCs. Herein, based on the quinoxaline central core and branched alkyl chains at the β position of the thiophene unit, we designed and synthesized three NFAs with different sized cores. Interestingly, Qx-BO-3 with a smaller central core showed better planarity and more appropriate crystallinity. As a result, PM6:Qx-BO-3-based devices obtained more suitable phase separation, more efficient exciton dissociation, and charge transport properties. Therefore, the OSCs based on PM6:Qx-BO-3 yielded an outstanding PCE of 17.03%, significantly higher than the devices based on PM6:Qx-BO-1 (10.57%) and PM6:Qx-BO-2 (11.34%) although the latter two devices have lower VOC losses. These results indicated that fine-tuning the central core size can effectively optimize the molecular geometry of NFAs and the film morphology of OSCs. This work provides an effective method for designing high-performance NFA-OSCs with high VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Ran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Dingding Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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25
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Liu L, Yang Y, Meskers SCJ, Wang Q, Zhang L, Yang C, Zhang J, Zhu L, Zhang Y, Wei Z. Fused-Ring Electron-Acceptor Single Crystals with Chiral 2D Supramolecular Organization for Anisotropic Chiral Optoelectronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304627. [PMID: 37467489 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chiral organization gives π-conjugated molecules access to fascinating specific interactions with circularly polarized light (CPL). Such a feature enables the fabrication of high-performance chiral organic electronic devices that detect or emit CPL directly. Herein, it is shown that chiral fused-ring electron-acceptor BTP-4F single-crystal-based phototransistors demonstrate distinguished CPL discrimination capability with current dissymmetry factor exceeding 1.4, one of the highest values among state-of-the-art direct CPL detectors. Theoretical calculations prove that the chirality at the supramolecular level in these enantiomeric single crystals originates from chiral exciton coupling of a unique quasi-2D supramolecular organization consisting of interlaced molecules with opposite helical conformation. Impressively, such supramolecular organization produces a higher dissymmetry factor along the preferred growth direction of the chiral single crystals in comparison to that of the short axis direction. Furthermore, the amplified, inverted, and also anisotropic current dissymmetry compared to optical dissymmetry is studied by finite element simulations. Therefore, a unique chiral supramolecular organization that is responsible for the excellent chiroptical response and anisotropic electronic properties is developed, which not only enables the construction of high-performance CPL detection devices but also allows a better understanding of the structure-property relationships in chiral organic optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Stefan C J Meskers
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. box 513, Eindhoven, NL, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Qingkai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
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26
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Yao Z, Cao X, Bi X, He T, Li Y, Jia X, Liang H, Guo Y, Long G, Kan B, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. Complete Peripheral Fluorination of the Small-Molecule Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells Yields Efficiency over 19 . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312630. [PMID: 37704576 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsically flexible molecular skeletons and loose aggregations, organic semiconductors, like small molecular acceptors (SMAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs), greatly suffer from larger structural/packing disorders and weaker intermolecular interactions comparing to their inorganic counterparts, further leading to hindered exciton diffusion/dissociation and charge carrier migration in resulting OSCs. To overcome this challenge, complete peripheral fluorination was performed on basis of a two-dimensional (2D) conjugation extended molecular platform of CH-series SMAs, rendering an acceptor of CH8F with eight fluorine atoms surrounding the molecular backbone. Benefitting from the broad 2D backbone, more importantly, strengthened fluorine-induced secondary interactions, CH8F and its D18 blends afford much enhanced and more ordered molecular packings accompanying with enlarged dielectric constants, reduced exciton binding energies and more obvious fibrillary networks comparing to CH6F controls. Consequently, D18:CH8F-based OSCs reached an excellent efficiency of 18.80 %, much better than that of 17.91 % for CH6F-based ones. More excitingly, by employing D18-Cl that possesses a highly similar structure to D18 as a third component, the highest efficiency of 19.28 % for CH-series SMAs-based OSCs has been achieved so far. Our work demonstrates the dramatical structural multiformity of CH-series SMAs, meanwhile, their high potential for constructing record-breaking OSCs through peripheral fine-tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xinyuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Zhang W, Wu Y, Ma R, Fan H, Li X, Yang H, Cui C, Li Y. Molecular Stacking and Aggregation Optimization of Photoactive Layer through Solid Additive Enables High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309713. [PMID: 37698185 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Regulating molecular packing and aggregation of photoactive layer is a critical but challenging issue in developing high-performance organic solar cells. Herein, two structurally similar analogues of anthra[2,3-b : 6,7-b']dithiophene (ADT) and naphtho[1,2-b : 5,6-b']dithiophene (NDT) are developed as solid additive to exploit their effect in regulating the molecular aggregation and π-stacking of photoactive layer. We clarify that the perpendicular arrangements of NDT can enlarge the molecular packing space and improve the face-on stacking of Y6 during the film formation, favoring a more compact and ordered long-range π-π stacking in the out-of-plane direction after the removal of NDT under thermal annealing. The edge-to-face stacked herringbone-arrangement of ADT along with its non-volatilization under thermal annealing can induce the coexistence of face-on and edge-on stacking of blend film. As a result, the NDT treatment shows encouraging effect in improving the photovoltaic performance of devices based on various systems. Particularly, a remarkable PCE of 18.85 % is achieved in the PM6 : L8-BO-based device treated by NDT additive, which is a significant improvement with regard to the PCE of 16.41 % for the control device. This work offers a promising strategy to regulate the molecular packing and aggregation of photoactive layer towards significantly improved performance and stability of organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hongyu Fan
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chaohua Cui
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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28
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Park SY, Labanti C, Pacalaj RA, Lee TH, Dong Y, Chin YC, Luke J, Ryu G, Minami D, Yun S, Park JI, Fang F, Park KB, Durrant JR, Kim JS. The State-of-the-Art Solution-Processed Single Component Organic Photodetectors Achieved by Strong Quenching of Intermolecular Emissive State and High Quadrupole Moment in Non-Fullerene Acceptors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2306655. [PMID: 37670609 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
A bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) blend is commonly used as the photoactive layer in organic photodetectors (OPDs) to utilize the donor (D)/acceptor (A) interfacial energetic offset for exciton dissociation. However, this strategy often complicates optimization procedures, raising serious concerns over device processability, reproducibility, and stability. Herein, highly efficient OPDs fabricated with single-component organic semiconductors are demonstrated via solution-processing. The non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with strong intrinsic D/A character are used as the photoactive layer, where the emissive intermolecular charge transfer excitonic (CTE) states are formed within <1 ps, and efficient photocurrent generation is achieved via strong quenching of these CTE states by reverse bias. Y6 and IT-4F-based OPDs show excellent OPD performances, low dark current density (≈10-9 A cm-2 ), high responsivity (≥0.15 A W-1 ), high specific detectivity (>1012 Jones), and fast photo-response time (<10 µs), comparable to the state-of-the-art BHJ OPDs. Together with strong CTE state quenching by electric field, these excellent OPD performances are also attributed to the high quadrupole moments of NFA molecules, which can lead to large interfacial energetic offset for efficient CTE dissociation. This work opens a new way to realize efficient OPDs using single-component systems via solution-processing and provides important molecular design rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yi Park
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chiara Labanti
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Richard A Pacalaj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Tack Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Pusan National University, 46241, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yifan Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Yi-Chun Chin
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Joel Luke
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gihan Ryu
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daiki Minami
- CSE team, Innovation Center, Samsung Electronics, Co. Ltd., 1 Samsungjeonja-ro, Hwasung-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18448, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyoung Yun
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Park
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Feifei Fang
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bae Park
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- SPECIFIC IKC, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 7AX, UK
| | - Ji-Seon Kim
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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29
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Song G, Feng W, Li Y, Liang H, Li Z, Kan B, Wan X, Yao Z, Li C, Chen Y. Extending Se substitution to the limit: from 5S to 5Se in high-efficiency non-fullerene acceptors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10307-10310. [PMID: 37548238 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02560h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Based on the newly synthesized seleno[3,2-b]selenophene unit, two near-infrared non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) of 4Se and 5Se are constructed by replacing four or all sulfurs with selenium in high-efficiency Y-series NFAs. Consequently, binary devices based on 4Se and 5Se afford PCEs of 15.17% and 15.23%, respectively, with a photoelectric response approaching 1000 nm. More excitingly, the energy loss of the 5Se-based device was as low as 0.477 eV along with almost the smallest non-radiative loss of ∼0.15 eV thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangkun Song
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wanying Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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30
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Liang H, Bi X, Chen H, He T, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Ma K, Feng W, Ma Z, Long G, Li C, Kan B, Zhang H, Rakitin OA, Wan X, Yao Z, Chen Y. A rare case of brominated small molecule acceptors for high-efficiency organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4707. [PMID: 37543678 PMCID: PMC10404295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that bromine possesses similar properties but extra merits of easily synthesizing and polarizing comparing to homomorphic fluorine and chlorine, it is quite surprising very rare high-performance brominated small molecule acceptors have been reported. This may be caused by undesirable film morphologies stemming from relatively larger steric hindrance and excessive crystallinity of bromides. To maximize the advantages of bromides while circumventing weaknesses, three acceptors (CH20, CH21 and CH22) are constructed with stepwise brominating on central units rather than conventional end groups, thus enhancing intermolecular packing, crystallinity and dielectric constant of them without damaging the favorable intermolecular packing through end groups. Consequently, PM6:CH22-based binary organic solar cells render the highest efficiency of 19.06% for brominated acceptors, more excitingly, a record-breaking efficiency of 15.70% when further thickening active layers to ~500 nm. By exhibiting such a rare high-performance brominated acceptor, our work highlights the great potential for achieving record-breaking organic solar cells through delicately brominating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Kangqiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanying Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zaifei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Oleg A Rakitin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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31
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Liu K, Jiang Y, Liu F, Ran G, Huang F, Wang W, Zhang W, Zhang C, Hou J, Zhu X. Organic Solar Cells with Over 19% Efficiency Enabled by a 2D-Conjugated Non-Fullerene Acceptor Featuring Favorable Electronic and Aggregation Structures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300363. [PMID: 37243566 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The π-expansion of non-fullerene acceptors is a promising method for boosting the organic photovoltaic performance by allowing the fine-tuning of electronic structures and molecular packing. In this work, highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated using a 2D π-expansion strategy to design new non-fullerene acceptors. Compared with the quinoxaline-fused cores of AQx-16, the π-expanded phenazine-fused cores of AQx-18 induce more ordered and compact packing between adjacent molecules, affording an optimized morphology with rational phase separation in the blend film. This facilitates efficient exciton dissociation and inhibited charge recombination. Consequently, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.2% with simultaneously increasing Voc , Jsc , and fill factor is achieved in the AQx-18-based binary OSCs. Significantly, AQx-18-based ternary devices fabricated via a two-in-one alloy acceptor strategy exhibit a superior PCE of 19.1%, one of the highest values ever reported for OSCs, along with a high Voc of 0.928 V. These results indicate the importance of the 2D π-expansion strategy for the delicate regulation of the electronic structures and crystalline behaviors of the non-fullerene acceptors to achieve superior photovoltaic performance, aimed at significantly promoting further development of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guangliu Ran
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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32
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Yang X, Li B, Zhang X, Li S, Zhang Q, Yuan L, Ko DH, Ma W, Yuan J. Intrinsic Role of Volatile Solid Additive in High-Efficiency PM6:Y6 Series Nonfullerene Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301604. [PMID: 36929606 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic nonfullerene solar cells (ONSCs) have made unprecedented progress; however, morphology optimization of ONSCs is proven to be particularly challenging relative to classical fullerene-based devices. Here, a novel volatile solid additive (VSA), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (2-HM), is reported for achieving high-efficiency ONSCs. 2-HM functions as a universal morphology-directing agent for several well-known PM6:Y6 series nonfullerene blends, viz. PM6:Y6, PM6:BTP-eC9, PM6:L8-BO, leading to a best efficiency of 18.85% at the forefront of reported binary ONSCs. VSAs have recently emerged, while the intrinsic kinetics is still unclear. Herein, a set of in situ and ex situ characterizations is employed to first illustrate the molecule-aggregate-domain transition dynamic process assisted by the VSA. More specifically, the role of 2-HM in individual donor PM6 and acceptor Y6 systems is unlocked, and the function of 2-HM in altering the PM6:Y6 bulk heterojunction blends is further revealed for enhanced photovoltaic performance. It is believed that the achievement brings not only a deep insight into emerging volatile solid additive, but also a new hope to further improve the molecular ordering, film microstructure, and relevant performance of ONSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Siying Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Doo-Hyun Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanli Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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33
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Bai Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Q, Geng H, Chen Q, Kim S, Zhang R, Zhang C, Chang B, Li S, Fu H, Xue L, Wang H, Li W, Chen W, Gao M, Ye L, Zhou Y, Ouyang Y, Zhang C, Gao F, Yang C, Li Y, Zhang ZG. Geometry design of tethered small-molecule acceptor enables highly stable and efficient polymer solar cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2926. [PMID: 37217503 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the power conversion efficiency of binary polymer solar cells dramatically improved, the thermal stability of the small-molecule acceptors raised the main concerns on the device operating stability. Here, to address this issue, thiophene-dicarboxylate spacer tethered small-molecule acceptors are designed, and their molecular geometries are further regulated via the thiophene-core isomerism engineering, affording dimeric TDY-α with a 2, 5-substitution and TDY-β with 3, 4-substitution on the core. It shows that TDY-α processes a higher glass transition temperature, better crystallinity relative to its individual small-molecule acceptor segment and isomeric counterpart of TDY-β, and a more stable morphology with the polymer donor. As a result, the TDY-α based device delivers a higher device efficiency of 18.1%, and most important, achieves an extrapolated lifetime of about 35000 hours that retaining 80% of their initial efficiency. Our result suggests that with proper geometry design, the tethered small-molecule acceptors can achieve both high device efficiency and operating stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qiuju Zhou
- Analysis & Testing Center, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, 464000, China
| | - Hua Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Seoyoung Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Cen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bowen Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongyuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lingwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haiqiao Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- College of Chemistry & Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Weihua Chen
- College of Chemistry & Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mengyuan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Long Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China, Smart Society Lab, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanni Ouyang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China, Smart Society Lab, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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34
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Xiang Y, Xu C, Zheng S. Increasing Charge Carrier Mobility through Modifications of Terminal Groups of Y6: A Theoretical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8610. [PMID: 37239952 PMCID: PMC10218651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The applications of non-fullerene acceptor Y6 with a new type of A1-DA2D-A1 framework and its derivatives have increased the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) up to 19%. Researchers have made various modifications of the donor unit, central/terminal acceptor unit, and side alkyl chains of Y6 to study the influences on the photovoltaic properties of OSCs based on them. However, up to now, the effect of changes of terminal acceptor parts of Y6 on the photovoltaic properties is not very clear. In the present work, we have designed four new acceptors-Y6-NO2, Y6-IN, Y6-ERHD, and Y6-CAO-with different terminal groups, which possess diverse electron-withdrawing ability. Computed results show that with the enhanced electron-withdrawing ability of the terminal group, the fundamental gaps become lower; thus, the wavelengths of the main absorption peaks of UV-Vis spectra red-shifts and total oscillator strength increase. Simultaneously, the electron mobility of Y6-NO2, Y6-IN, and Y6-CAO is about six, four, and four times faster than that of Y6, respectively. Overall, Y6-NO2 could be a potential NFA because of its longer intramolecular charge-transfer distance, stronger dipole moment, higher averaged ESP, enhanced spectrum, and faster electron mobility. This work provides a guideline for the future research on modification of Y6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunlin Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shaohui Zheng
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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35
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Liang S, Xiao C, Xie C, Liu B, Fang H, Li W. 13% Single-Component Organic Solar Cells based on Double-Cable Conjugated Polymers with Pendent Y-Series Acceptors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300629. [PMID: 36814317 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Double-cable conjugated polymers with pendent electron acceptors, including fullerene, rylene diimides, and nonfused acceptors, have been developed for application in single-component organic solar cells (SCOSCs) with efficiencies approaching 10%. In this work, Y-series electron acceptors have been firstly incorporated into double-cable polymers in order to further improve the efficiencies of SCOSCs. A highly crystalline Y-series acceptor based on quinoxaline core and the random copolymerized strategy are used to optimize the ambipolar charge transport and the nanophase separation of the double-cable polymers. As a result, an efficiency of 13.02% is obtained in the random double-cable polymer, representing the highest performance in SCOSCs, while the regular double-cable polymer only provides a low efficiency of 2.75%. The significantly enhanced efficiencies are attributed to higher charge carrier mobilities, better ordering conjugated backbones and Y-series acceptors in random double-cable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Xie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Baiqiao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Haisheng Fang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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36
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Fu Y, Lee TH, Chin YC, Pacalaj RA, Labanti C, Park SY, Dong Y, Cho HW, Kim JY, Minami D, Durrant JR, Kim JS. Molecular orientation-dependent energetic shifts in solution-processed non-fullerene acceptors and their impact on organic photovoltaic performance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1870. [PMID: 37015916 PMCID: PMC10073232 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) employed in state-of-art organic photovoltaics (OPVs) often exhibit strong quadrupole moments which can strongly impact on material energetics. Herein, we show that changing the orientation of Y6, a prototypical NFA, from face-on to more edge-on by using different processing solvents causes a significant energetic shift of up to 210 meV. The impact of this energetic shift on OPV performance is investigated in both bilayer and bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) devices with PM6 polymer donor. The device electronic bandgap and the rate of non-geminate recombination are found to depend on the Y6 orientation in both bilayer and BHJ devices, attributed to the quadrupole moment-induced band bending. Analogous energetic shifts are also observed in other common polymer/NFA blends, which correlates well with NFA quadrupole moments. This work demonstrates the key impact of NFA quadruple moments and molecular orientation on material energetics and thereby on the efficiency of high-performance OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuang Fu
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tack Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center/Engineering Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Chun Chin
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Richard A Pacalaj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Chiara Labanti
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Song Yi Park
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yifan Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Hye Won Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Daiki Minami
- CSE team, Innovation Center, Samsung Electronics, Co. Ltd., 1 Samsungjeonja-ro, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18448, Republic of Korea.
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- SPECIFIC IKC, Department of Materials, University of Swansea, Bay Campus, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK.
| | - Ji-Seon Kim
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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37
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Fan B, Gao W, Zhang R, Kaminsky W, Lin FR, Xia X, Fan Q, Li Y, An Y, Wu Y, Liu M, Lu X, Li WJ, Yip HL, Gao F, Jen AKY. Correlation of Local Isomerization Induced Lateral and Terminal Torsions with Performance and Stability of Organic Photovoltaics. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5909-5919. [PMID: 36877211 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have achieved great progress in recent years due to delicately designed non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Compared with tailoring of the aromatic heterocycles on the NFA backbone, the incorporation of conjugated side-groups is a cost-effective way to improve the photoelectrical properties of NFAs. However, the modifications of side-groups also need to consider their effects on device stability since the molecular planarity changes induced by side-groups are related to the NFA aggregation and the evolution of the blend morphology under stresses. Herein, a new class of NFAs with local-isomerized conjugated side-groups are developed and the impact of local isomerization on their geometries and device performance/stability are systematically investigated. The device based on one of the isomers with balanced side- and terminal-group torsion angles can deliver an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.5%, with a low energy loss (0.528 V) and an excellent photo- and thermal stability. A similar approach can also be applied to another polymer donor to achieve an even higher PCE of 18.8%, which is among the highest efficiencies obtained for binary OPVs. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of applying local isomerization to fine-tune the side-group steric effect and non-covalent interactions between side-group and backbone, therefore improving both photovoltaic performance and stability of fused ring NFA-based OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baobing Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Qunping Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yanxun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yidan An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wen Jung Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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38
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Xie G, Zhou J, Tang N, Zhang Y, Liu L, Xie Z, Ma Y. The Multiplicity of π-π Interactions of Fused-Ring Electron Acceptor Polymorphs on the Exciton Migration and Charge Transport. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:2331-2338. [PMID: 36847477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Efficient long-range exciton migration and charge transport are the key parameters for organic photovoltaic materials, which strongly depend on the molecular stacking modes. Herein, we extracted the stacked structures of the archetype fused-ring electron acceptor molecule, ITIC, based on the information on four polymorphic crystals and investigated the relationship between molecular stacking modes and exciton migration/charge transport properties through the intermolecular Coulomb coupling and charge transfer integral calculation. Experimentally, the thin film texture is crystallized through a post-annealing treatment through grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) measurements, which lead to the enhanced exciton migration through exciton-exciton annihilation in the femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) measurements. This work demonstrates the relationship between the molecular arrangement and the exciton migration and electron transport and highlights the significance of optimizing molecular stacking for the development of high-performance electron acceptor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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39
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Liu L, Wei Z, Meskers SCJ. Semi-Transparent, Chiral Organic Photodiodes with Incident Direction-Dependent Selectivity for Circularly Polarized Light. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209730. [PMID: 36577393 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Detection of the circular polarization of light is possible using chiral semiconductors, yet the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Semi-transparent chiral photodiodes allow for a simple experiment to investigate the basis of their selectivity: changing the side from which the diode is illuminated. A reversal of circular selectivity is observed in photocurrent generation when changing the direction of illumination on organic, bulk-heterojunction cells. The change in selectivity can be explained by a space-charge limitation on the collection of photocarriers in combination with preferential absorption of one of the circular polarizations of near-infrared light by the chiral non-fullerene acceptor. The space-charge limitation is supported by detailed measurements of frequency and intensity dependence of dc and ac photocurrents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. box 513, Eindhoven, NL, 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Stefan C J Meskers
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. box 513, Eindhoven, NL, 5600MB, The Netherlands
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40
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Liu L, Wei Z, Meskers SCJ. Polaritons in a Polycrystalline Layer of Non-fullerene Acceptor. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2040-2044. [PMID: 36689605 PMCID: PMC9896558 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-fullerene acceptor molecules developed for organic solar cells feature a very intense absorption band in the near-infrared. In the solid phase, the strong interaction between light and the transition dipole moment for molecular excitation should induce formation of polaritons. The reflection spectra for polycrystalline films of a non-fullerene acceptor with a thienothienopyrrolo-thienothienoindole core of the so-called Y6 type indeed show a signature of polaritons. A local minimum in the middle of the reflection band is associated with the allowed molecular transition. The minimum in reflection allows efficient entry of light into the solid, resulting in a local maximum in external quantum efficiency of a photovoltaic cell made of the pure acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Liu
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands,CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing100190, China,School
of Future Technology, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing100190, China,School
of Future Technology, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China,
| | - Stefan C. J. Meskers
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands,
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41
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Wang Y, Price MB, Bobba RS, Lu H, Xue J, Wang Y, Li M, Ilina A, Hume PA, Jia B, Li T, Zhang Y, Davis NJLK, Tang Z, Ma W, Qiao Q, Hodgkiss JM, Zhan X. Quasi-Homojunction Organic Nonfullerene Photovoltaics Featuring Fundamentals Distinct from Bulk Heterojunctions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2206717. [PMID: 36189867 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to classical bulk heterojunction (BHJ) in organic solar cells (OSCs), the quasi-homojunction (QHJ) with extremely low donor content (≤10 wt.%) is unusual and generally yields much lower device efficiency. Here, representative polymer donors and nonfullerene acceptors are selected to fabricate QHJ OSCs, and a complete picture for the operation mechanisms of high-efficiency QHJ devices is illustrated. PTB7-Th:Y6 QHJ devices at donor:acceptor (D:A) ratios of 1:8 or 1:20 can achieve 95% or 64% of the efficiency obtained from its BHJ counterpart at the optimal D:A ratio of 1:1.2, respectively, whereas QHJ devices with other donors or acceptors suffer from rapid roll-off of efficiency when the donors are diluted. Through device physics and photophysics analyses, it is observed that a large portion of free charges can be intrinsically generated in the neat Y6 domains rather than at the D/A interface. Y6 also serves as an ambipolar transport channel, so that hole transport as also mainly through Y6 phase. The key role of PTB7-Th is primarily to reduce charge recombination, likely assisted by enhancing quadrupolar fields within Y6 itself, rather than the previously thought principal roles of light absorption, exciton splitting, and hole transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Michael B Price
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Raja Sekhar Bobba
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Heng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Aleksandra Ilina
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Paul A Hume
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Boyu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Nathaniel J L K Davis
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Quinn Qiao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Justin M Hodgkiss
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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42
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Nuber M, Spanier LV, Roth S, Vayssilov GN, Kienberger R, Müller-Buschbaum P, Iglev H. Picosecond Charge-Transfer-State Dynamics in Wide Band Gap Polymer-Non-Fullerene Small-Molecule Blend Films Investigated via Transient Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10418-10423. [PMID: 36326207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells based on wide band gap polymers and nonfullerene small-molecule acceptors have demonstrated remarkably good device performances. Nevertheless, a thorough understanding of the charge-transfer process in these materials has not been achieved yet. In this study, we use Fano resonance signals caused by the interaction of broad electronic charge carrier absorption and the molecular vibrations of the electron acceptor molecule to monitor the charge-transfer state dynamics. In our time-resolved infrared spectroscopy experiments, we find that in the small-molecule acceptor, they have additional dynamics on the order of a few picoseconds. A change in the solvent used in thin film deposition, leading to different morphologies, influences this time further. We interpret our findings as the dynamics of the charge-transfer state at the interface of the electron donor and the electron- acceptor. The additional mid-infrared transient signal is generated in this state, as both electron and hole polarons can interact with small-molecule acceptor vibrational modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Nuber
- Lehrstuhl für Laser- und Röntgenphysik, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lukas V Spanier
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sebastian Roth
- Lehrstuhl für Laser- und Röntgenphysik, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Georgi N Vayssilov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Blvd. J. Bauchier 1, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Reinhard Kienberger
- Lehrstuhl für Laser- und Röntgenphysik, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Hristo Iglev
- Lehrstuhl für Laser- und Röntgenphysik, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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43
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Gu X, Lai X, Zhang Y, Wang T, Tan WL, McNeill CR, Liu Q, Sonar P, He F, Li W, Shan C, Kyaw AKK. Organic Solar Cell With Efficiency Over 20% and V OC Exceeding 2.1 V Enabled by Tandem With All-Inorganic Perovskite and Thermal Annealing-Free Process. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200445. [PMID: 35876031 PMCID: PMC9534952 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on polymer donor and non-fullerene acceptor achieve power conversion efficiency (PCE) more than 19% but their poor absorption below 550 nm restricts the harvesting of high-energy photons. In contrast, wide bandgap all-inorganic perovskites limit the absorption of low-energy photons and cause serious below bandgap loss. Therefore, a 2-terminal (2T) monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cell (TSC) incorporating wide bandgap CsPbI2 Br is demonstrated as front cell absorber and organic PM6:Y6 blend as rear cell absorber, to extend the absorption of OSCs into high-energy photon region. The perovskite sub-cell, featuring a sol-gel prepared ZnO/SnO2 bilayer electron transporting layer, renders a high open-circuit voltage (VOC ). The VOC is further enhanced by employing thermal annealing (TA)-free process in the fabrication of rear sub-cell, demonstrating a record high VOC of 2.116 V. The TA-free Ag/PFN-Br interface in organic sub-cell facilitates charge transport and restrains nonradiative recombination. Consequently, a remarkable PCE of 20.6% is achieved in monolithic 2T-TSCs configuration, which is higher than that of both reported single junction and tandem OSCs, demonstrating that tandem with wide bandgap all-inorganic perovskite is a promising strategy to improve the efficiency of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Gu
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Xue Lai
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Yuniu Zhang
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Teng Wang
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Wen Liang Tan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVictoria3800Australia
| | - Christopher R. McNeill
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVictoria3800Australia
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
- Center for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4000Australia
| | - Prashant Sonar
- Center for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4000Australia
| | - Feng He
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Shan
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and LightingDepartment of Electrical & Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
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44
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Meng X, Li M, Jin K, Zhang L, Sun J, Zhang W, Yi C, Yang J, Hao F, Wang G, Xiao Z, Ding L. A 4‐Arm Small Molecule Acceptor with High Photovoltaic Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207762. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyi Meng
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ke Jin
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Lixiu Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jie Sun
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China
| | - Chenyi Yi
- Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Junliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy School of Physics and Electronics Central South University Changsha 410083 China
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China
| | - Guan‐Wu Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zuo Xiao
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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45
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Li S, Zhan L, Li Y, He C, Zuo L, Shi M, Chen H. Achieving and Understanding of Highly Efficient Ternary Organic Photovoltaics: From Morphology and Energy Loss to Working Mechanism. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200828. [PMID: 35931458 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ternary strategy, adding an additional donor (D) or acceptor (A) into conventional binary D:A blend, has shown great potential in improving photovoltaic performances of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) for practical applications. Herein, this review is presented on how efficient ternary OPVs are realized from the aspects of morphology, energy loss, and working mechanism. As to morphology, the role of third component on the formation of preferred alloy-like-phase and vertical-phase, which are driven by the miscibility tuning, is discussed. For energy loss, the effect of the third component on the luminescence enhancement and energetic disordering suppression, which lead to favorable increase of voltage, is presented. Regarding working mechanism, dilution effect and relationships between two acceptors or donor/acceptor, which explain the observed device parameters variations, are analyzed. Finally, some future directions concerning ternary OPVs are pointed out. Therefore, this review can provide a comprehensive understanding of working principles and effective routes for high-efficiency ternary systems, advancing the commercialization of OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yaokai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chengliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lijian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Minmin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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46
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Li C, Gu X, Chen Z, Han X, Yu N, Wei Y, Gao J, Chen H, Zhang M, Wang A, Zhang J, Wei Z, Peng Q, Tang Z, Hao X, Zhang X, Huang H. Achieving Record-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells upon Tuning the Conformation of Solid Additives. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14731-14739. [PMID: 35856335 PMCID: PMC9394461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Volatile solid additives (SADs) are considered as a simple yet effective approach to tune the film morphology for high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the structural effects of the SADs on the photovoltaic performance are still elusive. Herein, two volatilizable SADs were designed and synthesized. One is SAD1 with twisted conformation, while the other one is planar SAD2 with the S···O noncovalent intramolecular interactions (NIIs). The theoretical and experimental results revealed that the planar SAD2 with smaller space occupation can more easily insert between the Y6 molecules, which is beneficial to form a tighter intermolecular packing mode of Y6 after thermal treatment. As a result, the SAD2-treated OSCs exhibited less recombination loss, more balanced charge mobility, higher hole transfer rate, and more favorable morphology, resulting in a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.85% (certified PCE: 18.7%) for single-junction binary OSCs. The universality of this study shed light on understanding the conformation effects of SADs on photovoltaic performances of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congqi Li
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- School
of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Na Yu
- Center
for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification
of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yanan Wei
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jinhua Gao
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ao Wang
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and
Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and
Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qian Peng
- School of
Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center
for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification
of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School
of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hui Huang
- College
of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials
Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence
in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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47
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Zhang G, Lin FR, Qi F, Heumüller T, Distler A, Egelhaaf HJ, Li N, Chow PCY, Brabec CJ, Jen AKY, Yip HL. Renewed Prospects for Organic Photovoltaics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14180-14274. [PMID: 35929847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have progressed steadily through three stages of photoactive materials development: (i) use of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and fullerene-based acceptors (FAs) for optimizing bulk heterojunctions; (ii) development of new donors to better match with FAs; (iii) development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). The development and application of NFAs with an A-D-A configuration (where A = acceptor and D = donor) has enabled devices to have efficient charge generation and small energy losses (Eloss < 0.6 eV), resulting in substantially higher power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) than FA-based devices. The discovery of Y6-type acceptors (Y6 = 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((12,13-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo[3,4-e]-thieno[2″,3″:4',5']thieno-[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo-[3,2-g]thieno-[2',3':4,5]thieno-[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile) with an A-DA' D-A configuration has further propelled the PCEs to go beyond 15% due to smaller Eloss values (∼0.5 eV) and higher external quantum efficiencies. Subsequently, the PCEs of Y6-series single-junction devices have increased to >19% and may soon approach 20%. This review provides an update of recent progress of OPV in the following aspects: developments of novel NFAs and donors, understanding of the structure-property relationships and underlying mechanisms of state-of-the-art OPVs, and tasks underpinning the commercialization of OPVs, such as device stability, module development, potential applications, and high-throughput manufacturing. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the remaining challenges for the further development of OPV technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guichuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Heumüller
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Distler
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Philip C Y Chow
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
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48
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Rashid EU, Hadia NMA, Javed Iqbal, Mehmood RF, Somaily HH, Akram SJ, Shawky AM, Khan MI, Noor S, Khera RA. Engineering of W-shaped benzodithiophenedione-based small molecular acceptors with improved optoelectronic properties for high efficiency organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21801-21820. [PMID: 36043078 PMCID: PMC9358680 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03280e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, with the objective to improve the overall performance of organic solar cells, seven new W-shaped small molecular acceptors – were developed theoretically by the end-group alteration of the reference (WR) molecule. The MPW1PW91 functional with the basis set 6-31G(d,p) was used to explore the optoelectronic properties of the WR and W1–W7 molecules and the time-dependent self-consistent filed (TD-SCF) simulation was used to investigate the solvent-state calculations. The several explored photovoltaic attributes were the absorption spectra, excitation energies, bandgap between the FMOs, oscillator strength, full width at half maximum, light-harvesting efficiency, transition density matrices, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, density of states, binding energy, interaction coefficient, etc. Overall, the results revealed a bathochromic shift in the absorption maxima (λmax), a reduced HOMO–LUMO gap (Egap), and smaller excitation energy (Ex) of the altered molecules as compared to the WR molecule. Some of the optoelectronic aspects of a well-known fused ring based acceptor named Y6 are also compared with the studied W-shaped molecules. Additionally, the W1 molecule presented the smallest Egap, along with highest λmax and the lowest Ex, amongst all, in both the evaluated media (gas and solvent). The open circuit voltage (VOC) of all the considered small molecular acceptors was calculated by pairing them with the PTB7-Th donor. Here, W6 and W7 displayed the best results for the VOC (1.48 eV and 1.51 eV), normalized VOC (57.25 and 58.41) and FF (0.9131 and 0.9144). Consequently, in light of the results of this research, the altered molecules could be considered for practical implementation in the manufacturing of OSCs with improved photovoltaic capabilities. The developed molecules have a reduced band gap and lower excitation energy. Their VOC was calculated by making complexes of them with the PTB7-Th donor.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Ullah Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - N M A Hadia
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University Sakaka Al-Jouf P. O. Box 2014 Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rana Farhat Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Township Lahore 54770 Pakistan
| | - H H Somaily
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University Abha 61413 P.O. Box 9004 Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University Abha P.O. Box 9004 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Javaid Akram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ahmed M Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Sadia Noor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
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49
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meng X, Li M, Jin K, zhang L, Yi C, yang J, hao F, wang GW, xiao Z, Ding L, Sun J, Zhang W. A 4‐Arm Small Molecule Acceptor with High Photovoltaic Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- xianyi meng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CHINA
| | - Mingjie Li
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CHINA
| | - Ke Jin
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CHINA
| | - Lixiu zhang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CHINA
| | - Chenyi Yi
- Tsinghua University electrical engineering CHINA
| | | | - Feng hao
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China materials and energy CHINA
| | - Guan-Wu wang
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CHINA
| | - zuo xiao
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CHINA
| | - Liming Ding
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology No.11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Jie Sun
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CHINA
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Yunnan University School of Materials and Energy CHINA
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Guo Y, Han G, Yi Y. The Intrinsic Role of the Fusion Mode and Electron-Deficient Core in Fused-Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Photovoltaics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205975. [PMID: 35604363 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The A-DA'D-A fused-ring electron acceptors with an angular fusion mode and electron-deficient core has significantly boosted organic photovoltaic efficiency. Here, the intrinsic role of the peculiar structure is revealed by comparing representative A-DA'D-A acceptor Y6 with its A-D-A counterparts having different fusion modes. Owing to the more delocalized HOMO and deeper LUMO level, Y6 exhibits stronger and red-shifted absorption relative to the linear and angular fused A-D-A acceptors, respectively. Moreover, the change from linear to angular fusion substantially reduces the electron-vibration couplings, which is responsible for the faster exciton diffusion, exciton dissociation, and electron transport for Y6 than the linear fused A-D-A acceptor. Notably, the electron-vibration coupling for exciton dissociation is further decreased by introducing the electron-deficient core, thus contributing to the efficient charge generation under low driving forces in the Y6-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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