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Shang Y, Li Z, Zhu Z, Guo L, Wu Q, Guo X, Zhang L, Yu C, Hao E, Jiao L. Strategic Construction of meso-Aryl-Substituted N,N-Carbonyl-Bridged Dipyrrinones as Small, Bright, and Tunable Fluorophores. Org Lett 2024; 26:1573-1578. [PMID: 38334420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel N,N-carbonyl-bridged dipyrrinone fluorophores have been directly constructed from α-halogenated dipyrrinones, which are conveniently obtained from the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of readily available α,α'-dihalodipyrrins. This novel methodology affords efficient modulation of the functional groups at both the meso- and α-positions of this fluorophore. These resultant dyes show tunable absorption and emission wavelengths, good molar absorption coefficients, relatively large Stokes shifts, and excellent fluorescence quantum yields up to 0.99, and have been successfully applied in both one- and two-photon fluorescence microscopy imaging in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Shang
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhongxin Li
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhu
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Luying Guo
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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Madea D, Mahvidi S, Chalupa D, Mujawar T, Dvořák A, Muchová L, Janoš J, Slavíček P, Švenda J, Vítek L, Klán P. Wavelength-Dependent Photochemistry and Biological Relevance of a Bilirubin Dipyrrinone Subunit. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13015-13028. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Madea
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sadegh Mahvidi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Chalupa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Taufiqueahmed Mujawar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Dvořák
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Na Bojišti 3, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Muchová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Na Bojišti 3, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Janoš
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Švenda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Vítek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Na Bojišti 3, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Howard JK, Rihak KJ, Bissember AC, Smith JA. The Oxidation of Pyrrole. Chem Asian J 2015; 11:155-67. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James K. Howard
- School of Chemistry; University of Leeds; Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Kieran J. Rihak
- School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry; University of Tasmania, Hobart; Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Alex C. Bissember
- School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry; University of Tasmania, Hobart; Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Jason A. Smith
- School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry; University of Tasmania, Hobart; Tasmania 7001 Australia
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Bhardwaj V, Gumber D, Abbot V, Dhiman S, Sharma P. Pyrrole: a resourceful small molecule in key medicinal hetero-aromatics. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrrole is widely known as a biologically active scaffold which possesses a diverse nature of activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Bhardwaj
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
| | - Divya Gumber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Banasthali
- India
| | - Vikrant Abbot
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
| | - Saurabh Dhiman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
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Pelkey ET, Pelkey SJ, Greger JG. De Novo Synthesis of 3-Pyrrolin-2-Ones. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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6
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Indium-mediated reaction of nitroethane and aldehydes: characterization of the nucleophilic organoindium species. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Greger JG, Yoon-Miller SJP, Bechtold NR, Flewelling SA, MacDonald JP, Downey CR, Cohen EA, Pelkey ET. Synthesis of unsymmetrical 3,4-diaryl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones utilizing pyrrole Weinreb amides. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8203-14. [PMID: 21913662 DOI: 10.1021/jo2013516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A regiocontrolled synthesis of unsymmetrical 3,4-diaryl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones has been achieved in three steps from 1,2-diaryl-1-nitroethenes with pyrrole-2-carboxamides (pyrrole Weinreb amides) serving as the key linchpin intermediates. Two different methods for the preparation of the requisite nitroalkenes were investigated: (1) modified Henry reaction between arylnitromethanes and arylimines; and (2) Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of 2-aryl-1-bromo-1-nitroethenes with arylboronic acids. Some difficulty was encountered in the preparation of arylnitromethanes, thus leading to the exploration of a cross-coupling strategy that proved more useful. A Barton-Zard pyrrole cyclocondensation reaction between 1,2-diaryl-1-nitroethenes and N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-isocyanoacetamide gave the corresponding pyrrole Weinreb amides, which were then converted into the desired 3-pyrrolin-2-ones in two steps. Overall, this method allowed for the construction of 3,4-diaryl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones with complete regiocontrol of the substituents with respect to the lactam carbonyl. The utility of this synthetic methodology was demonstrated by the preparation of eight unsymmetrical and symmetrical 3,4-diaryl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones including the N-H lactam analogue of the selective COX-II inhibitor, rofecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica G Greger
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart College, Geneva, New York 14456, United States
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Perry CH, Smith WR, St. Claire RL, Brouwer KR. Automated Applications of Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes in the Evaluation of Hepatic Drug Transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:427-35. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057111400192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Predictions of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity of compounds in pharmaceutical development are essential aspects of the drug discovery process. B-CLEAR is an in vitro system that uses sandwich-cultured hepatocytes to evaluate and predict in vivo hepatobiliary disposition (hepatic uptake, biliary excretion, and biliary clearance), transporter-based hepatic drug-drug interactions, and potential drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Automation of predictive technologies is an advantageous and preferred format in drug discovery. In this study, manual and automated studies are investigated and equivalence is demonstrated. In addition, automated applications using model probe substrates and inhibitors to assess the cholestatic potential of drugs and evaluate hepatic drug transport are examined. The successful automation of this technology provides a more reproducible and less labor-intensive approach, reducing potential operator error in complex studies and facilitating technology transfer.
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Zunszain PA, Ghuman J, McDonagh AF, Curry S. Crystallographic analysis of human serum albumin complexed with 4Z,15E-bilirubin-IXalpha. J Mol Biol 2008; 381:394-406. [PMID: 18602119 PMCID: PMC2568863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bilirubin, an insoluble yellow-orange pigment derived from heme catabolism, accumulates to toxic levels in individuals with impaired or immature liver function. The resulting jaundice may be managed with phototherapy to isomerize the biosynthetic 4Z,15Z-bilirubin-IXalpha to more soluble and excretable isomers, such as 4Z,15E-bilirubin. Bilirubin and its configurational isomers are transported to the liver by human serum albumin (HSA) but their precise binding location(s) on the protein have yet to be determined. To investigate the molecular details of their interaction, we co-crystallised bilirubin with HSA. Strikingly, the crystal structure--determined to 2.42 A resolution--revealed the 4Z,15E-bilirubin-IXalpha isomer bound to an L-shaped pocket in sub-domain IB. We also determined the co-crystal structure of HSA complexed with fusidic acid, an antibiotic that competitively displaces bilirubin from the protein, and showed that it binds to the same pocket. These results provide the first crystal structure of a natural bilirubin pigment bound to serum albumin, challenge some of the present conceptions about HSA-bilirubin interactions, and provide a sound structural framework for finally resolving the long-standing question of where 4Z,15Z-bilirubin-IXalpha binds to the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Zunszain
- Biophysics Section, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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Methoxyl-induced fluorescence quenching in N,N′-bridged 9H-dipyrrinones and an X-ray crystal structure. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-008-0924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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McDonagh AF, Boiadjiev SE, Lightner DA. Slipping Past UGT1A1 and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 in the Liver: Effects of Steric Compression and Hydrogen Bonding on the Hepatobiliary Elimination of Synthetic Bilirubins. Drug Metab Dispos 2008; 36:930-6. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.019778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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McDonagh AF, Lightner DA. Influence of Conformation and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding on the Acyl Glucuronidation and Biliary Excretion of Acetylenic Bis-Dipyrrinones Related to Bilirubin. J Med Chem 2007; 50:480-8. [PMID: 17266200 DOI: 10.1021/jm0609521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Glucuronidation and transporter-mediated efflux into bile are important in the elimination of xeno- and endobiotics, including the natural biladienone pigment bilirubin. The mechanisms of these processes and the structural factors that dictate whether cholephilic compounds are excreted directly in bile or require prior glucuronidation are poorly understood. To investigate effects of molecular shape and intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the interplay between direct excretion and glucuronidation in the liver, we studied a series of novel synthetic exploded and homologated bilirubin analogues. These include dicarboxylic mono- and diacetylenic tetrapyrroles with linear shapes that are unable to adopt the folded ridge-tile conformations that are crucially important in bilirubin metabolism. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding was varied by adjusting the alkyl chain lengths of the pendent carboxyl groups, and preferred conformations were predicted by molecular dynamics calculations. Metabolism studies were done in rats, including Gunn rats, congenitally deficient in UGT1 glucuronosyl tranferases, and TR- rats, deficient in the canalicular transporter Mrp2 (Abcc2). The results show strikingly that minor, seemingly inconsequential, changes in constitution, amplified by their influence on hydrogen bonding and molecular conformation, can profoundly influence competing clearance pathways in the liver, an effect that is unlikely to be restricted to bis-dipyrrinone carboxylic acids. Exposed carboxyl groups seem to favor the direct route of elimination, whereas the potential for carboxyl infolding by hydrogen bonding seems to favor glucuronidation. The results also show that molecular shape is less important in the hepatic glucuronidation and biliary excretion of bilirubin and of this series of acids than the capacity for intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony F McDonagh
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0538, USA.
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Boiadjiev SE, Conley BA, Brower JO, McDonagh AF, Lightner DA. Synthesis and Hepatic Metabolism of Xanthobilirubinic Acid Regioisomers. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-006-0543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Coffin AR, Roussell MA, Tserlin E, Pelkey ET. Regiocontrolled Synthesis of Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes and 3-Pyrrolin-2-ones from Pyrrole Weinreb Amides. J Org Chem 2006; 71:6678-81. [PMID: 16901171 DOI: 10.1021/jo061043m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A regiocontrolled synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes was completed in two steps from acyclic starting materials. A Barton-Zard pyrrole synthesis between N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-isocyanoacetamide and alpha-nitroalkenes or beta-nitroacetates provided N-methoxy-N-methyl pyrrole-2-carboxamides (pyrrole Weinreb amides), which were converted into the corresponding pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes by treatment with lithium aluminum hydride. A regioselective oxidation of the pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes gave the corresponding 3,4-disubstituted 3-pyrrolin-2-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Coffin
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 300 Pulteney St., Geneva, New York 14456, USA
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