1
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McMullen JP, Wyvratt BM. Automated optimization under dynamic flow conditions. REACT CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00256f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The combination of feedback optimization with dynamic operations leads to enhanced data-rich experimentation in flow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian M. Wyvratt
- Merck & Co., Inc., 26 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
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2
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Pan DT, Zhang XB, Luo ZH. Continuous Crystallization of Levamisole Hydrochloride in a Segmented Flow Crystallizer. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Continuous diameter increase reactor – a reactor concept for maximizing productivity by a controlled diameter extension. J Flow Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-022-00224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper presents a novel theoretical approach for maximizing productivity in microreactors by a controlled extension of the tube diameter. A one-dimensional numeric model was developed where the tube diameter increases based on the reaction heat to achieve a constant temperature throughout the reactor length. Through this approach, a basic plug flow reactor model for mass and heat transfer was used with an integrated algorithm for a controlled diameter extension. A parametric study was performed to ensure safe operating conditions concerning thermal runaway. The results show an increase in productivity of approximately 42% for the fictional second-order test reaction.
Graphical abstract
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4
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Camps L, Moens L, Groth U, Braeken L, Kuhn S, Thomassen LC. Batch reactor scale-up of the mixing-sensitive Bechamp reaction based on the heat pulse method. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Hadavi D, Han P, Honing M. Ion mobility spectrometry-tandem mass spectrometry strategies for the on-line monitoring of a continuous microflow reaction. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractContinuous flow chemistry is an efficient, sustainable and green approach for chemical synthesis that surpasses some of the limitations of the traditional batch chemistry. Along with the multiple advantages of a flow reactor, it could be directly connected to the analytical techniques for on-line monitoring of a chemical reaction and ensure the quality by design. Here, we aim to use ion mobility, mass and tandem mass spectrometry (IMS-MS and MS/MS) for the on-line analysis of a pharmaceutically relevant chemical reaction. We carried out a model hetero-Diels Alder reaction in a microflow reactor directly connected to the IMS-MS and MS/MS using either electrospray or atmospheric pressure photo ionization methods. We were able to monitor the reaction mechanism of the Diels Alder reaction and structurally characterize the reaction product and synthesis side-products. The chosen approach enabled identification of two isomers of the main reaction product. A new strategy to annotate the ion mobility spectrum in the absence of standard molecules was introduced and tested for its validity. This was achieved by determining the survival yield of each isomer upon ion mobility separation and density functional theory calculations. This approach was verified by comparing the theoretically driven collision cross section values to the experimental data. In this paper, we demonstrated the potential of combined IMS-MS and MS/MS on-line analysis platform to investigate, monitor and characterize structural isomers in the millisecond time scale.
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6
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Challenges in transfer of gas-liquid reactions from batch to continuous operation: dimensional analysis and simulations for aerobic oxidation. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe transfer of gas-liquid reactions from conventional batch processes into continuous operation using milli and micro reactors is claimed as an important step towards process intensification. Importantly, this transfer step should be realized in an early phase of process development, already, in order to minimize research efforts towards the undesired operation strategy. The main challenge of this approach, therefore, arises from lack of knowledge in the early stage of process development and the resulting system with high degrees of freedom. This contribution presents an approach to tackle this challenge by means of mathematical modelling and simulation for the aerobic oxidation of 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DHA) catalyzed by polyoxometalates (POMs) being used as example for gas-liquid reactions. The reaction was chosen as it provides sufficient complexity, since it consists of three consecutive oxidation steps of DHA and a parallel catalytic redox-cycle according to a Mars-van-Krevelen mechanism. It also provides the challenge of unknown reaction kinetics, which have been estimated in this contribution. The dimensionless balance equations for reactor modeling are derived and parametrized based on early stage experimental results obtained in batch operation mode. The discrimination between batch and continuous operation was performed by means of characteristic dimensionless numbers using the identical mathematical model for comparability reasons. The model was used to perform sensitivity studies with emphasis on the interplay between mass transfer characteristics and reaction kinetics for both the batch and continuous operation mode. The simulation results show that the performance of both operation modes mainly depend on the oxidation state of the POM catalyst, which is caused by the differences in oxygen availability. Therefore, results obtained in batch operation mode are prone to be masked by mass transfer issues, which affects catalyst and reactor development at the same time and may thus cause maldevelopments. With respect to process development it can thus be concluded that the transfer from batch to continuous operation together with mathematical modeling is important in an early phase, already, in order to detect limitations misleading the development. Finally, even simple models with roughly estimated parameters from preliminary experiments are shown to be sufficient in the early phase and can systematically be improved, in the subsequent phases.
Graphical abstract
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7
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Scale-up of micro- and milli-reactors: An overview of strategies, design principles and applications. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2021.100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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8
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Benzin CV, Kockmann N, Röder T. Lab‐Scale Microreactor Plant for the Study of Methylations with Liquid Chloromethane. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa V. Benzin
- TU Dortmund University Laboratory of Equipment Design Emil-Figge-Strasse 68 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Institute of Chemical Process Engineering Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10 68163 Mannheim Germany
| | - Norbert Kockmann
- TU Dortmund University Laboratory of Equipment Design Emil-Figge-Strasse 68 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Thorsten Röder
- Hochschule Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Institute of Chemical Process Engineering Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10 68163 Mannheim Germany
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9
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Yang L, Liu P, Zhang HY, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Catalytic Oxidation of o-Chlorotoluene with Oxygen to o-Chlorobenzaldehyde in a Microchannel Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
- Tianjin Taipu Pharmaceutical Ltd., Tianjin 300193, P. R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Hong-yu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuecheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
- Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Jiquan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
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10
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Modelling of a microreactor for the partial oxidation of 1-butanol on a titania supported gold catalyst. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Hosoya M, Nishijima S, Kurose N. Management of the Heat of Reaction under Continuous Flow Conditions Using In-Line Monitoring Technologies. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hosoya
- API R&D Laboratory, CMC R&D Division, Shionogi and Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Shogo Nishijima
- API R&D Laboratory, CMC R&D Division, Shionogi and Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kurose
- API R&D Laboratory, CMC R&D Division, Shionogi and Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
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12
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Camps L, Moens L, Groth U, Braeken L, Kuhn S, Thomassen LC. Characterization method for mass mixing in batch reactors based on temperature profiles. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Jadhav SN, Patil SP, Sahoo DP, Rath D, Parida K, Rode CV. Organocatalytic Cascade Knoevenagel–Michael Addition Reactions: Direct Synthesis of Polysubstituted 2-Amino-4H-Chromene Derivatives. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-03089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Nguyen VB, Tran SBQ, Khan SA, Rong J, Lou J. POD-DEIM model order reduction technique for model predictive control in continuous chemical processing. Comput Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2019.106638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Baumann M, Moody TS, Smyth M, Wharry S. A Perspective on Continuous Flow Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Baumann
- University College Dublin, School of Chemistry, Science Centre, South Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Almac Group Ltd., 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, United Kingdom
- Arran Chemical Company, Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co. Roscommon N37 DN24, Ireland
| | - Megan Smyth
- Almac Group Ltd., 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Wharry
- Almac Group Ltd., 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, United Kingdom
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16
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Znidar D, O’Kearney-McMullan A, Munday R, Wiles C, Poechlauer P, Schmoelzer C, Dallinger D, Kappe CO. Scalable Wolff–Kishner Reductions in Extreme Process Windows Using a Silicon Carbide Flow Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Znidar
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Rachel Munday
- AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Poechlauer
- Patheon Austria GmbH & Co. KG, Sankt-Peter-Straße 25, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | | | - Doris Dallinger
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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17
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18
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Fang Z, Yang Y, Gu J, Yang Z, Dai F, Zheng H, He W, Liu C, Zhu N, Guo K. Synthesis and scale-up of water-soluble quaternary cationic monomers in a continuous flow system. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel, simple, power-saving and effective method for the synthesis and scale-up of cationic water-soluble polyelectrolytes represented by dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) with commercially available reagents in a two-step continuous flow system has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Jiajia Gu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Zhao Yang
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Feiyang Dai
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Haoliang Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- Faculty of Chemistry
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Wei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Chengkou Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
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19
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Movsisyan M, Heugebaert TSA, Roman BI, Dams R, Van Campenhout R, Conradi M, Stevens CV. Atom- and Mass-economical Continuous Flow Production of 3-Chloropropionyl Chloride and its Subsequent Amidation. Chemistry 2018; 24:11779-11784. [PMID: 29879290 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
3-Chloropropionyl chloride is a chemically versatile building block with applications in the field of adhesives, pharmaceuticals, herbicides and fungicides. Its current production entails problems concerning safety, prolonged reaction times and the use of excessive amounts of chlorinating reagents. We developed a continuous flow procedure for acid chloride formation from acrylic acid and a consecutive 1,4-addition of hydrogen chloride generating 3-chloropropionyl chloride, as presented in this paper. Up to 94 % conversion was reached in 25 minutes at mild temperatures and pressures. This continuous flow method offers a safer alternative and is highly efficient in terms of consumption of starting product and shorter residence time. Valorization of this building block is exemplified by the synthesis of beclamide, a compound with sedative and anticonvulsant properties. Over 80 % conversion towards this drug was achieved in 1 minute in a continuous flow setup. Further research is needed to telescope the synthesis of 3-chloropropionyl chloride and subsequent beclamide formation without intermediate purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Movsisyan
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas S A Heugebaert
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart I Roman
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudolf Dams
- Materials Resource Division, 3M (Belgium) BVBA, Haven 1005, Canadastraat 11, 2070, Zwijndrecht, Belgium
| | - Rudy Van Campenhout
- Materials Resource Division, 3M (Belgium) BVBA, Haven 1005, Canadastraat 11, 2070, Zwijndrecht, Belgium
| | - Matthias Conradi
- Materials Resource Division, 3M (Belgium) BVBA, Haven 1005, Canadastraat 11, 2070, Zwijndrecht, Belgium
| | - Christian V Stevens
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Ma T, Zhang HY, Yin G, Zhao J, Zhang Y. Catalyst-free reductive amination of levulinic acid to N-substituted pyrrolidinones with formic acid in continuous-flow microreactor. J Flow Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-018-0005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Gobert SRL, Kuhn S, Braeken L, Thomassen LCJ. Characterization of Milli- and Microflow Reactors: Mixing Efficiency and Residence Time Distribution. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven R. L. Gobert
- Faculty
of Industrial Engineering, Lab4U, KU Leuven, Agoralaan Building B Box 8, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Simon Kuhn
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen Braeken
- Faculty
of Industrial Engineering, Lab4U, KU Leuven, Agoralaan Building B Box 8, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen C. J. Thomassen
- Faculty
of Industrial Engineering, Lab4U, KU Leuven, Agoralaan Building B Box 8, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Bergamonti L, Graiff C, Tegoni M, Predieri G, Bellot-Gurlet L, Lottici PP. Raman and NMR kinetics study of the formation of amidoamines containing N-hydroxyethyl groups and investigations on their Cu(II) complexes in water. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 171:515-524. [PMID: 27592056 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Three amidoamines containing the N-hydroxyethyl group (HOEt), namely (HOEt)2N(CH2)2C(O)NH2 (1), [(HOEt)2N(CH2)2C(O)NH]2CH2 (2) and HOEtN[(CH2)2C(O)NH2]2 (3) have been synthesized by reacting diethanolamine HOEt2NH with acrylamide and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (respectively 1 and 2) and ethanolamine HOEtNH2 with acrylamide (3). Four other compounds corresponding to 1 and 2, but derived from sec-amines Me2NH (4 and 5) and Et2NH (6 and 7) have been prepared for the sake of comparison of the spectroscopic features. All compounds have been obtained by the well-known aza-Michael addition between an N-nucleophile and an activated vinyl group. The reaction in water between diethanolamine and acrylamide leading to 1 has been monitored in situ by Raman and NMR spectroscopy, both techniques confirming second order kinetics and giving values for kinetic constants in excellent agreement. The coordination ability of 1 and 2 towards Cu2+ in water has been studied by the Job's plot method. Spectroscopic data indicate that ligand 1 prevalently forms a 4:1 Ligand/Metal complex with a (N,O3) coordination set on the equatorial plane of Cu2+, whereas ligand 2, containing two amide functionalities bridged by a methylene group, appears able to form a 1:1 Ligand/Metal chelate species, again with a (N,O3) donor set around copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bergamonti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Claudia Graiff
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Matteo Tegoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Predieri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet
- Sorbonne Universités, MONARIS, UMR 8233 UPMC-CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Pier Paolo Lottici
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 7/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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23
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Kockmann N, Thenée P, Fleischer-Trebes C, Laudadio G, Noël T. Safety assessment in development and operation of modular continuous-flow processes. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Improved safety is one of the main drivers for microreactor application in chemical process development and small-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Kockmann
- Laboratory of Equipment Design
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering
- TU Dortmund
- Germany
| | | | | | - Gabriele Laudadio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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25
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Braun F, Schwolow S, Seltenreich J, Kockmann N, Röder T, Gretz N, Rädle M. Highly Sensitive Raman Spectroscopy with Low Laser Power for Fast In-Line Reaction and Multiphase Flow Monitoring. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9368-9374. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Braun
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Process Control and Innovative Energy Conversion, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schwolow
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Chemical Process Engineering, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Seltenreich
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Process Control and Innovative Energy Conversion, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Kockmann
- TU Dortmund University, Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering, Equipment Design, Emil-Figge-Straße 68, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thorsten Röder
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Chemical Process Engineering, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical
Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Rädle
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Process Control and Innovative Energy Conversion, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
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26
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Laurenti E, dos Santos Vianna Jr. A. Enzymatic microreactors in biocatalysis: history, features, and future perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/boca-2015-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMicrofluidic reaction devices are a very promising technology for chemical and biochemical processes. In microreactors, the micro dimensions, coupled with a high surface area/volume ratio, permit rapid heat exchange and mass transfer, resulting in higher reaction yields and reaction rates than in conventional reactors. Moreover, the lower energy consumption and easier separation of products permit these systems to have a lower environmental impact compared to macroscale, conventional reactors. Due to these benefits, the use of microreactors is increasing in the biocatalysis field, both by using enzymes in solution and their immobilized counterparts. Following an introduction to the most common applications of microreactors in chemical processes, a broad overview will be given of the latest applications in biocatalytic processes performed in microreactors with free or immobilized enzymes. In particular, attention is given to the nature of the materials used as a support for the enzymes and the strategies employed for their immobilization. Mathematical and engineering aspects concerning fluid dynamics in microreactors were also taken into account as fundamental factors for the optimization of these systems.
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Westermann T, Mleczko L. Heat Management in Microreactors for Fast Exothermic Organic Syntheses—First Design Principles. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leslaw Mleczko
- Bayer
Technology Services GmbH, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
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Schwolow S, Braun F, Rädle M, Kockmann N, Röder T. Fast and Efficient Acquisition of Kinetic Data in Microreactors Using In-Line Raman Analysis. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schwolow
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Chemical Process Engineering, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Braun
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Process Control and Innovative Energy Conversion, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Rädle
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Process Control and Innovative Energy Conversion, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
- Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Medical Technology, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Kockmann
- TU Dortmund University, Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering, Equipment Design, Emil-Figge-Straße 68, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thorsten Röder
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute
of Chemical Process Engineering, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
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