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Maguire DR. Interactions between lorcaserin and opioids: Ventilation and food-versus-drug choice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 234:173673. [PMID: 37951365 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Lorcaserin, a selective serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) receptor agonist, was approved for treating obesity and has been investigated for treating substance use disorders including those involving opioids. Although lorcaserin was withdrawn from the market, interest in the therapeutic potential of drugs acting at 5-HT2C receptors continues, supporting the need to further characterize potential adverse effects especially when combined with drugs of abuse. This study examined acute effects of lorcaserin on opioid-induced ventilatory depression, which is the primary cause of overdose, and opioid self-administration, which models factors contributing to opioid abuse, in male and female rhesus monkeys. In one group (n = 4), effects of morphine (0.178 to 5.6 mg/kg, s.c.), fentanyl (0.0032 to 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), and lorcaserin (0.1 to 1.78 mg/kg, s.c.) alone as well as effects of lorcaserin with each opioid on ventilation were determined using head plethysmography. Another group (n = 5) responded under a food versus fentanyl (0.1 to 3.2 μg/kg/infusion, i.v.) choice procedure, and lorcaserin (0.32 to 1.78 mg/kg, i.v.) was given as a pretreatment. Lorcaserin dose-dependently decreased minute volume to below 70 % of baseline when administered alone and increased the potency of morphine and fentanyl. Consistent with previous studies, lorcaserin failed to alter choice of fentanyl over food. This study demonstrates the novel finding that lorcaserin alone decreases ventilation and enhances the ventilatory-depressant effects of opioids. Taken together with previous studies, these results suggest that combining a 5-HT2C receptor agonist such as lorcaserin with an opioid could increase the risk of ventilatory depression without the benefit of decreasing abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Maguire
- Department of Pharmacology and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Ubhayarathna M, Langmead CJ, Diepenhorst NA, Stewart GD. Molecular and structural insights into the 5-HT 2C receptor as a therapeutic target for substance use disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 37679998 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic condition, with maintained abuse of a substance leading to physiological and psychological alterations and often changes in cognitive and social behaviours. Current therapies include psychotherapy coupled with medication; however, high relapse rates reveal the shortcomings of these therapies. The signalling, expression profile, and neurological function of the serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2C receptor) make it a candidate of interest for the treatment of SUD. Recently, psychedelics, which broadly act at 5-HT2 receptors, have indicated potential for the treatment of SUD, implicating the 5-HT2C receptor. The modern psychedelic movement has rekindled interest in the 5-HT2C receptor, resulting in many new studies, especially structural analyses. This review explores the structural, molecular and cellular mechanisms governing 5-HT2C receptor function in the context of SUD. This provides the basis of the preclinical and clinical evidence for their role in SUD and highlights the potential for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maleesha Ubhayarathna
- Drug Discovery Biology and Neuroscience & Mental Health Therapeutic Program Area, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Christopher J Langmead
- Drug Discovery Biology and Neuroscience & Mental Health Therapeutic Program Area, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- Neuromedicines Discovery Centre, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Natalie A Diepenhorst
- Drug Discovery Biology and Neuroscience & Mental Health Therapeutic Program Area, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gregory D Stewart
- Drug Discovery Biology and Neuroscience & Mental Health Therapeutic Program Area, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- Neuromedicines Discovery Centre, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
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3
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Doyle MR, Peng LN, Cao J, Rice KC, Newman AH, Collins GT. 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone High-Responder Phenotype as a Tool to Evaluate Candidate Medications for Stimulant Use Disorder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:353-362. [PMID: 36627204 PMCID: PMC9976791 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, there are no medications approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat stimulant use disorders. Self-administration procedures are widely used to screen candidate medications for stimulant use disorder, although preclinical reductions in stimulant self-administration have not translated to meaningful reductions in stimulant use in humans. One possible reason for this discordance is that most preclinical studies evaluate candidate medications under conditions that promote predictable, and well-regulated patterns of drug-taking rather than the dysregulated and/or compulsive patterns of drug-taking characteristic of a stimulant use disorder. A subset of rats ("high-responders") that self-administer 3,4-methelyendioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), a monoamine uptake inhibitor, develop high levels of dysregulated drug-taking consistent with behaviors related to stimulant use disorders. Because MDPV acts on dopamine, serotonin (5-HT), and sigma receptor systems, the current studies compared the potency and effectiveness of a dopamine D3 receptor partial agonist (VK4-40) or antagonist (VK4-116), a sigma receptor antagonist (BD1063), a dopamine D2/D3/sigma receptor antagonist (haloperidol), and a 5-HT2C receptor agonist (CP-809,101) to reduce MDPV (0.0032-0.1 mg/kg/infusion) self-administration in high- and low-responding rats as well as rats self-administering cocaine (0.032-1 mg/kg/infusion). VK4-40, VK4-116, haloperidol, and CP-809,101 were equipotent and effective at reducing drug-taking in all three groups of rats, including the high-responders; however, VK4-116 and CP-809,101 were less potent at reducing drug-taking in female compared with male rats. Together, these studies suggest that drugs targeting dopamine D3 or 5-HT2C receptors can effectively reduce dysregulated patterns of stimulant use, highlighting their potential utility for treating stimulant use disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: There are no United States Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for stimulant use disorder, perhaps in part because candidate medications are most often evaluated in preclinical models using male subjects with well-regulated drug-taking. In an attempt to better model aberrant drug taking, this study found compounds acting at dopamine D3 or 5-HT2C receptors can attenuate drug-taking in male and female rats that self-administered two different stimulants and exhibited either a high or low substance use disorder-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Doyle
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., L.N.P., G.T.C.); South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., G.T.C.); Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (J.C., A.H.N.); and Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.)
| | - Lindsey N Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., L.N.P., G.T.C.); South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., G.T.C.); Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (J.C., A.H.N.); and Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.)
| | - Jianjing Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., L.N.P., G.T.C.); South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., G.T.C.); Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (J.C., A.H.N.); and Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.)
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., L.N.P., G.T.C.); South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., G.T.C.); Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (J.C., A.H.N.); and Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.)
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., L.N.P., G.T.C.); South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., G.T.C.); Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (J.C., A.H.N.); and Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.)
| | - Gregory T Collins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., L.N.P., G.T.C.); South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (M.R.D., G.T.C.); Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (J.C., A.H.N.); and Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.)
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Jastrzębska J, Frankowska M, Smaga I, Hubalewska-Mazgaj M, Suder A, Pieniążek R, Przegaliński E, Filip M. Evaluation of the 5-HT 2C receptor drugs RO 60-0175, WAY 161503 and mirtazepine in a preclinical model of comorbidity of depression and cocaine addiction. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:99-118. [PMID: 36374478 PMCID: PMC9889480 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data indicate a high rate of comorbidity of depression and cocaine use disorder (CUD). The role of serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) receptors in the mechanisms responsible for the coexistence of depression and CUD was not investigated. METHODS We combined bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX), an animal model of depression, with intravenous cocaine self-administration and extinction/reinstatement in male rats to investigate two 5-HT2C receptor agonists (Ro 60-0175 (RO) and WAY 161503 (WAY)) and the 5-HT2C-receptor preferring antagonist mirtazapine (MIR; an antidepressant), with the goal of determining whether these drugs alter cocaine-induced reinforcement and seeking behaviors. Additionally, neurochemical analyses were performed following cocaine self-administration and its abstinence period in the brain structures in OBX rats and SHAM-operated controls. RESULTS Acute administration of RO reduced, while WAY non-significantly attenuated cocaine reinforcement in both rat phenotypes. Moreover, RO or WAY protected against cocaine-seeking behavior after acute or after repeated drug administration during extinction training in OBX and SHAM rats. By contrast, acutely administered MIR did not alter cocaine reinforcement in both rat phenotypes, while it's acute (but not repeated) pretreatment reduced cocaine-seeking in OBX and SHAM rats. In neurochemical analyses, cocaine reinforcement increased 5-HT2C receptor levels in the ventral hippocampus; a preexisting depression-like phenotype enhanced this effect. The 10-daily cocaine abstinence reduced 5-HT2C receptor expression in the dorsolateral striatum, while the coexistence of depression and CUD enhanced local receptor expression. CONCLUSION The results support a key role of 5-HT2C receptors for treating CUD and comorbid depression and CUD. They may be backs the further research of pharmacological strategies with drug targeting receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jastrzębska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Frankowska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Smaga
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Hubalewska-Mazgaj
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Suder
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Renata Pieniążek
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Edmund Przegaliński
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
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Gerak LR, Maguire DR, Cami-Kobeci G, Olson KM, Traynor JR, Husbands SM, France CP, Acevedo L, Belli B, Flynn P. OREX-1038: a potential new treatment for pain with low abuse liability and limited adverse effects. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:377-394. [PMID: 35947066 PMCID: PMC9371589 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Drugs targeting mu opioid receptors are the mainstay of clinical practice for treating moderate-to-severe pain. While they can offer excellent analgesia, their use can be limited by adverse effects, including constipation, respiratory depression, tolerance, and abuse liability. Multifunctional ligands acting at mu opioid and nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptors might provide antinociception with substantially improved adverse-effect profiles. This study explored one of these ligands, OREX-1038 (BU10038), in several assays in rodents and nonhuman primates. Binding and functional studies confirmed OREX-1038 to be a low-efficacy agonist at mu opioid and nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptors and an antagonist at delta and kappa opioid receptors with selectivity for opioid receptors over other proteins. OREX-1038 had long-acting antinociceptive effects in postsurgical and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced thermal hyperalgesia assays in rats and a warm water tail-withdrawal assay in monkeys. OREX-1038 was active for at least 24 h in each antinociception assay, and its effects in monkeys did not diminish over 22 days of daily administration. This activity was coupled with limited effects on physiological signs (arterial pressure, heart rate, and body temperature) and no evidence of withdrawal after administration of naltrexone or discontinuation of treatment in monkeys receiving OREX-1038 daily. Over a range of doses, OREX-1038 was only transiently self-administered, which diminished rapidly to nonsignificant levels; overall, both OREX-1038 and buprenorphine maintained less responding than remifentanil. These results support the concept of dual mu and nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor partial agonists having improved pharmacological profiles compared with opioids currently used to treat pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Gerak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - David R Maguire
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Gerta Cami-Kobeci
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath
- Current address: School of Life Sciences, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Keith M Olson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John R Traynor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen M Husbands
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Charles P France
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Barbara Belli
- Orexigen Therapeutics Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Peter Flynn
- Orexigen Therapeutics Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
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6
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Gumpper RH, Fay JF, Roth BL. Molecular insights into the regulation of constitutive activity by RNA editing of 5HT 2C serotonin receptors. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111211. [PMID: 35977511 PMCID: PMC9422347 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is a process by which post-transcriptional changes of mRNA nucleotides alter protein function through modification of the amino acid content. The 5HT2C serotonin receptor, which undergoes 32 distinct RNA-editing events leading to 24 protein isoforms, is a notable example of this process. These 5HT2C isoforms display differences in constitutive activity, agonist/inverse agonist potencies, and efficacies. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects of RNA editing, we present four active-state 5HT2C-transducer-coupled structures of three representative isoforms (INI, VGV, and VSV) with the selective drug lorcaserin (Belviq) and the classic psychedelic psilocin. We also provide a comprehensive analysis of agonist activation and constitutive activity across all 24 protein isoforms. Collectively, these findings reveal a unique hydrogen-bonding network located on intracellular loop 2 that is subject to RNA editing, which differentially affects GPCR constitutive and agonist signaling activities. It is established that the 5HT2C receptor undergoes RNA editing leading to 24 isoforms. Several isoforms exhibit changes in basal activity and are linked to pathologies. Gumpper et al. have done a systematic structure-function characterization of all the isoforms revealing the underlying mechanisms that govern basal activity of the 5HT2C receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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7
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Jones G, Ricard JA, Lipson J, Nock MK. Associations between classic psychedelics and opioid use disorder in a nationally-representative U.S. adult sample. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4099. [PMID: 35393455 PMCID: PMC8990065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. and there is a pressing need to identify additional treatments for the disorder. Classic psychedelics (psilocybin, peyote, mescaline, LSD) have been linked to the alleviation of various substance use disorders and may hold promise as potential treatments for OUD. The aim of this study was to assess whether the aforementioned classic psychedelic substances conferred lowered odds of OUD. Furthermore, this study aimed to replicate and extend findings from Pisano et al. (2017) who found classic psychedelic use to be linked to lowered odds of OUD in a nationally representative sample. We used recent data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015–2019) (N = 214,505) and multivariable logistic regression to test whether lifetime use (yes/no) of classic psychedelics was associated with lowered odds of OUD. Lifetime psilocybin use was associated with lowered odds of OUD (aOR: 0.70; 95% CI [0.60, 0.83]). No other substances, including other classic psychedelics, were associated with lowered odds of OUD. Additionally, sensitivity analyses revealed psilocybin use to be associated with lowered odds of seven of the 11 DSM-IV criteria for OUD (aOR range: 0.66–0.83). Future clinical trials and longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these associations are causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Jones
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | | | - Joshua Lipson
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, USA
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8
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Hadizadeh H, Flores J, Nunes E, Mayerson T, Potenza MN, Angarita GA. Novel Pharmacological Agents for the Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorder. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-022-00246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Effects of buprenorphine/lorcaserin mixtures on preference for heroin, cocaine, or saline over food using a concurrent choice procedure in rhesus monkeys. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108991. [PMID: 34482043 PMCID: PMC8612090 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The opioid epidemic continues despite the availability of medications, including buprenorphine, for opioid use disorder (OUD); identifying novel and effective treatments is critical for decreasing the prevalence of OUD and ending this crisis. Buprenorphine alone does not markedly attenuate abuse-related effects of nonopioids. Treatment outcomes might be improved by combining buprenorphine with a second medication targeting substance use disorder (SUD), such as lorcaserin, a serotonin2C (5-HT2C) receptor selective agonist that decreases abuse-related effects of drugs from several pharmacological classes in preclinical studies. METHODS This study investigated the effectiveness of buprenorphine/lorcaserin mixtures to decrease preference for heroin or cocaine in monkeys choosing between food and i.v. infusions. RESULTS When saline was available for self-administration, monkeys chose food; when heroin or cocaine was available, monkeys dose-dependently increased choice of infusions. Noncontingent administration of heroin, cocaine, or buprenorphine before sessions increased preference for saline over food. Daily noncontingent administration of buprenorphine increased saline choice, decreased heroin choice, and increased variability across monkeys and sessions; preference for cocaine was not altered. Adding lorcaserin to daily treatment reduced variability such that choice of saline and heroin was consistently less than 20%; choice of cocaine did not change. CONCLUSIONS Because buprenorphine/lorcaserin mixtures would not likely alter abuse of cocaine, they might not be useful for treating SUDs; nevertheless, mixtures reduced variability and decreased preference for heroin, compared with buprenorphine alone, perhaps suggesting that a different drug mixture, in which buprenorphine is combined with a second, nonopioid drug, might offer advantages over treatment with buprenorphine alone.
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10
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Arout CA, Cooper ZD, Reed SC, Foltin RW, Comer SD, Levin FR, Haney M. 5HT-2C agonist lorcaserin decreases cannabis self-administration in daily cannabis smokers. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12993. [PMID: 33389797 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There are no FDA-approved treatments for cannabis use disorder (CUD). Preclinical research has shown that the 5HT-2C agonist lorcaserin attenuates cue-induced reinstatement of THC seeking and self-administration. The goal of this placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, within-subject human laboratory study was to examine lorcaserin's effects on cannabis intoxication and self-administration. Lorcaserin (10 mg BID) was administered during one of two 13-day inpatient phases and placebo during the other; each phase was separated by ≥7 days of washout. Inpatient phases comprised (1) standardized cannabis administration (7.0% THC) at no financial cost (intoxication), counterbalanced with (2) the option to self-administer cannabis following either 0 or 3 days of abstinence. Cognitive task performance, food intake, subjective ratings of drug effects, objective/subjective sleep measures, and tobacco cigarette use were also assessed. Fifteen normal-weight, daily cannabis users (4F, 11M) not seeking treatment for CUD completed the study. Lorcaserin significantly reduced cannabis self-administration following 0 and 3 days of cannabis abstinence and also reduced craving for cannabis during abstinence. Lorcaserin produced small but significant increases in positive cannabis ratings and body weight relative to placebo. Lorcaserin also reduced tobacco cigarette smoking on days of cannabis administration relative to placebo. During abstinence, subjective but not objective measures of sleep quality worsened during lorcaserin maintenance. Overall, lorcaserin's ability to decrease drug taking and cannabis craving in nontreatment-seeking cannabis users supports further investigation of 5HT-2C agonists as potential pharmacotherapies for CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Arout
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Ziva D. Cooper
- UCLA Cannabis Research Initiative, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Stephanie Collins Reed
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Richard W. Foltin
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Sandra D. Comer
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Frances R. Levin
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Margaret Haney
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
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11
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Campbell EJ, Bonomo Y, Pastor A, Collins L, Norman A, Galettis P, Johnstone J, Lawrence AJ. The 5-HT 2C receptor as a therapeutic target for alcohol and methamphetamine use disorders: A pilot study in treatment-seeking individuals. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00767. [PMID: 33929084 PMCID: PMC8085921 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) are prevalent and have high adverse impacts on both the individual and society. Current treatment strategies for these disorders are ineffective at a population level. Lorcaserin, a 5‐HT2C receptor agonist, has shown potential at reducing the symptoms of substance use disorder. This pilot study (initiated prior to market withdrawal) examined feasibility and safety of lorcaserin treatment in people undergoing residential detoxification and treatment for AUD and MUD. This was an open label pilot study of lorcaserin where participants (n = 10 AUD; n = 8 MUD) received 10‐mg lorcaserin daily for 4 days then twice daily for 1 month. Primary outcome measures included recruitment and retention rate, incidence of treatment‐emergent events, incidence of methamphetamine or alcohol withdrawal‐related events, heart rate, and blood pressure. Secondary measures included pharmacokinetic data and self‐reported alcohol or methamphetamine use, craving, and psychological distress. AUD participants were recruited faster and had a greater retention rate compared with MUD participants. Lorcaserin did not alter vital signs, was well tolerated, and had a similar pharmacokinetic profile to individuals with obesity. Lorcaserin reduced self‐reported alcohol and amphetamine‐type substance use and craving in AUD and MUD participants, respectively. Self‐reported psychological health also improved over the treatment period for all participants. Despite the pilot nature of this study, our data support the notion of 5‐HT2C receptors as a therapeutic target for drug and alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Campbell
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yvonne Bonomo
- Department of Addiction Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam Pastor
- Department of Addiction Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Collins
- Department of Addiction Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda Norman
- Department of Addiction Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Galettis
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Janice Johnstone
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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12
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Converging vulnerability factors for compulsive food and drug use. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108556. [PMID: 33862029 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Highly palatable foods and substance of abuse have intersecting neurobiological, metabolic and behavioral effects relevant for understanding vulnerability to conditions related to food (e.g., obesity, binge eating disorder) and drug (e.g., substance use disorder) misuse. Here, we review data from animal models, clinical populations and epidemiological evidence in behavioral, genetic, pathophysiologic and therapeutic domains. Results suggest that consumption of highly palatable food and drugs of abuse both impact and conversely are regulated by metabolic hormones and metabolic status. Palatable foods high in fat and/or sugar can elicit adaptation in brain reward and withdrawal circuitry akin to substances of abuse. Intake of or withdrawal from palatable food can impact behavioral sensitivity to drugs of abuse and vice versa. A robust literature suggests common substrates and roles for negative reinforcement, negative affect, negative urgency, and impulse control deficits, with both highly palatable foods and substances of abuse. Candidate genetic risk loci shared by obesity and alcohol use disorders have been identified in molecules classically associated with both metabolic and motivational functions. Finally, certain drugs may have overlapping therapeutic potential to treat obesity, diabetes, binge-related eating disorders and substance use disorders. Taken together, data are consistent with the hypotheses that compulsive food and substance use share overlapping, interacting substrates at neurobiological and metabolic levels and that motivated behavior associated with feeding or substance use might constitute vulnerability factors for one another. This article is part of the special issue on 'Vulnerabilities to Substance Abuse'.
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13
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Jones JD, Varshneya NB, Hudzik TJ, Huhn AS. Improving Translational Research Outcomes for Opioid Use Disorder Treatments. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021; 8:109-121. [PMID: 37377692 PMCID: PMC10299742 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-020-00353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Pharmacotherapies are the most effective means of reducing the harms associated with opioid use disorder (OUD). Translational research seeking to develop novel medications to treat OUD has been challenging due to the complex etiology of addiction. Preclinical outcome measures are often behavioral, and it is difficult, if not impossible, to fully mirror the various emotional and cognitive processes that motivate opioid use in humans. The goal of the current narrative review was to summarize the translational progression of three potential medications for OUD, which had varying levels of success. Recent Findings Memantine, lorcaserin, and lofexidine all showed promise in preclinical studies; however, only lofexidine was able to consistently replicate these findings in human subjects, and receive FDA approval. It was the authors' objective to use this review to identify areas of needed improvement in translational research for OUD. Summary Preclinical studies vary significantly in their ability to forecast effectiveness in clinical trials. Among the various preclinical models, suppression of opioid self-administration appears to have the best predictive validity. As they model a mostly physiological phenomenon, preclinical assessments of opioid withdrawal also appear to have high predictive validity. In our review of the literature, the authors noted numerous examples of clinical trials that were underpowered, lack precision, and proper outcomes. Better-validated preclinical targets and improved design of proof-of-concept human studies should allow investigators to more efficiently develop and test medications for OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jermaine D. Jones
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Neil B. Varshneya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 410 N 12th St, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hudzik
- In Vitro In Vivo Translation, NonClinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S. Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Andrew S. Huhn
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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14
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Negus SS, Banks ML. Learning from lorcaserin: lessons from the negative clinical trial of lorcaserin to treat cocaine use disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1967-1973. [PMID: 32839526 PMCID: PMC7547654 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Stevens Negus
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Matthew L. Banks
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
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15
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Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) represents a major public health problem that affects millions of people in the USA and worldwide. The relapsing and recurring aspect of OUD, driven by lasting neurobiological adaptations at different reward centres in the brain, represents a major obstacle towards successful long-term remission from opioid use. Currently, three drugs that modulate the function of the opioidergic receptors, methadone, buprenorphine and naltrexone have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat OUD. In this review, we discuss the limitations and challenges associated with the current maintenance and medication-assisted withdrawal strategies commonly used to treat OUD. We further explore the involvement of glutamatergic, endocannabinoid and orexin signaling systems in the development, maintenance and expression of addiction-like behaviours in animal models of opioid addiction, and as potential and novel targets to expand therapeutic options to treat OUD. Despite a growing preclinical literature highlighting the role of these potential targets in animal models of opioid addiction, clinical and translational studies for novel treatments of OUD remain limited and inconclusive. Further preclinical and clinical investigations are needed to expand the arsenal of primary treatment options and adjuncts to maximise efficacy and prevent relapse.
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16
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Suppression of cocaine relapse-like behaviors upon pimavanserin and lorcaserin co-administration. Neuropharmacology 2020; 168:108009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Townsend EA, Negus SS, Poklis JL, Banks ML. Lorcaserin maintenance fails to attenuate heroin vs. food choice in rhesus monkeys. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 208:107848. [PMID: 31982193 PMCID: PMC7039750 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current opioid crisis has reinvigorated preclinical research in the evaluation of non-opioid candidate treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD). Emerging evidence suggests 5-HT2C receptor agonists may attenuate the abuse-related effects of opioids. This study evaluated effectiveness of 7-day treatment with the clinically available 5-HT2C agonist lorcaserin (Belviq®) on heroin-vs.-food choice in rhesus monkeys. Lorcaserin effects were compared to effects produced by 7-day saline substitution and by 7-day treatment with the opioid antagonist naltrexone. METHODS Adult male (1) and female (6) rhesus monkeys were trained to respond under a concurrent schedule of food delivery (1 g pellets, fixed-ratio 100 schedule) and intravenous heroin injections (0-0.032 mg/kg/injection, fixed-ratio 10 schedule) during daily 2 h sessions. Heroin choice dose-effect functions were determined daily before and following 7-day saline substitution or 7-day continuous treatment with naltrexone (0.0032-0.032 mg/kg/h, IV) or lorcaserin (0.032-0.32 mg/kg/h, IV). RESULTS Under baseline conditions, increasing heroin doses maintained a dose-dependent increase in heroin choice. Both saline substitution and 7-day naltrexone treatment significantly attenuated heroin choice and produced a reciprocal increase in food choice. Continuous lorcaserin (0.32 mg/kg/h) treatment significantly increased heroin choice. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to saline substitution and naltrexone, lorcaserin treatment was ineffective to reduce heroin-vs.-food choice. These preclinical results do not support the therapeutic potential and continued evaluation of lorcaserin as a candidate OUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Andrew Townsend
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - S Stevens Negus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Matthew L Banks
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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18
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Sierra S, Lippold KM, Stevens DL, Poklis JL, Dewey WL, González-Maeso J. Adjunctive effect of the serotonin 5-HT 2C receptor agonist lorcaserin on opioid-induced antinociception in mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 167:107949. [PMID: 31987863 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Opioid-sparing adjuncts are treatments that aim to reduce the overall dose of opioids needed to achieve analgesia, hence decreasing the burden of side effects through alternative mechanisms of action. Lorcaserin is a serotonin 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) agonist that has recently been reported to reduce abuse-related effects of the opioid analgesic oxycodone. The goal of our studies was to evaluate the effects of adjunctive lorcaserin on opioid-induced analgesic-like behavior using the tail-flick reflex (TFR) test as a mouse model of acute thermal nociception. We show that whereas subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of lorcaserin alone was inactive on the TFR test, adjunctive lorcaserin (s.c.) significantly increased the potency of oxycodone as an antinociceptive drug. This effect was prevented by the 5-HT2CR antagonist SB242084. A similar lorcaserin (s.c.)-induced adjunctive phenotype was observed upon administration of the opioid analgesics morphine and fentanyl. Remarkably, we also show that, opposite to the effects observed via s.c. administration, intrathecal (i.t.) administration of lorcaserin alone induced antinociceptive TFR behavior, an effect that was not prevented by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. This route of administration (i.t.) also led to a significant augmentation of oxycodone-induced antinociception. Lorcaserin (s.c.) did not alter the brain or blood concentrations of oxycodone, which suggests that its adjunctive effects on opioid-induced antinociception do not depend upon changes in opioid metabolism. Together, these data indicate that lorcaserin-mediated activation of the 5-HT2CR may represent a new pharmacological approach to augment opioid-induced antinociception. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Serotonin Research: Crossing Scales and Boundaries'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Sierra
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Kumiko M Lippold
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - David L Stevens
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - William L Dewey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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19
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Higgins GA, Fletcher PJ, Shanahan WR. Lorcaserin: A review of its preclinical and clinical pharmacology and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 205:107417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Abstract
This chapter describes recent clinical trials for opioid use disorder (OUD), an area that has rapidly accelerated in response to the opioid overdose crisis in the USA and newly appropriated funding. Trials involve a wide range of compounds including cannabinoids and psychedelics, new and existing compounds targeting domains emerging from addiction neuroscience, agents repurposed from other indications, and novel strategies including vaccines, enzymes, and other biologicals. In parallel, new formulations of existing compounds offer immediate promise, as do a variety of web-based interventions and smartphone-delivered apps. Trials focused on implementing existing effective interventions in mainstream healthcare settings, and others focused on special populations, e.g., adolescents, criminal justice, pregnant women, native Americans, etc., have the potential to vastly expand treatment in the near term. Given the range of ongoing and recent trials, this chapter is not intended to be an exhaustive review but rather to present an overview of approaches within the framework of the opioid treatment cascade and the context of current OUD pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Blessing
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sanya Virani
- Department of Psychiatry, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - John Rotrosen
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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21
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De Deurwaerdère P, Ramos M, Bharatiya R, Puginier E, Chagraoui A, Manem J, Cuboni E, Pierucci M, Deidda G, Casarrubea M, Di Giovanni G. Lorcaserin bidirectionally regulates dopaminergic function site-dependently and disrupts dopamine brain area correlations in rats. Neuropharmacology 2019; 166:107915. [PMID: 31862271 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Lorcaserin, which is a selective agonist of serotonin2C receptors (5-HT2CRs), is a new FDA-approved anti-obesity drug that has also shown therapeutic promise in other brain disorders, such as addiction and epilepsy. The modulation of dopaminergic function might be critical in the therapeutic effect of lorcaserin, but its exact effect is unknown. Here, we studied the effect of the peripheral administration of lorcaserin on the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neural activity, dopamine (DA) dialysis levels in the nucleus accumbens and striatum and on DA tissue levels in 29 different rat brain regions. Lorcaserin (5-640 μg/kg, i.v.) moderately inhibited only a subpopulation of VTA DA neurons, but had no effect on the SNc neurons. Lorcaserin (0.3, 3 mg/kg, i.p.) did not change VTA and SNc DA population neural activity but slightly decreased the firing rate and burst firing of the spontaneously active VTA neurons, without altering DA extracellular dialysate levels in both the nucleus accumbens and the striatum. Quantitative analysis of DA and metabolites tissue contents of the 29 areas studied revealed that lorcaserin (0.3 or 3 mg/kg, i.p.) only affected a few brain regions, i.e., increased DA in the central amygdala, ventral hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens core and decreased it in the ventromedial striatum. On the other hand, lorcaserin dramatically changed the direction and reduced the number of correlations of DA tissue content among several brain areas. These effects on DA terminal networks might be significant in the therapeutic mechanism of lorcaserin. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Serotonin Research: Crossing Scales and Boundaries'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), Bordeaux Cedex, France.
| | - Marta Ramos
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta - Msida, Malta
| | - Rahul Bharatiya
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Emilie Puginier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239, CHU Rouen, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Rouen, France; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Julien Manem
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Eleonora Cuboni
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta - Msida, Malta
| | - Massimo Pierucci
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta - Msida, Malta
| | - Gabriele Deidda
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta - Msida, Malta
| | - Maurizio Casarrubea
- Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology, Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.) - Human Physiology Section "Giuseppe Pagano", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta - Msida, Malta; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Maguire DR, Gerak LR, Cami-Kobeci G, Husbands SM, France CP, Belli B, Flynn P. OREX-1019: A Novel Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder and Relapse Prevention. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 372:205-215. [PMID: 31748404 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.261511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new pharmacological treatments for substance use disorders, including opioid use disorder, particularly for use in relapse prevention. A combination of buprenorphine with naltrexone has shown particular promise, with clinical studies indicating a substantial improvement over treatment with naltrexone alone. OREX-1019 (formerly BU10119) is a compound that mimics the pharmacology of the buprenorphine/naltrexone combination. This study evaluated, in rhesus monkeys, the therapeutic potential of OREX-1019 for treating opioid use disorder. Pretreatment with OREX-1019 (0.01-0.3 mg/kg s.c.) dose-dependently decreased responding for the μ opioid receptor agonist remifentanil in rhesus monkeys but did not maintain levels of responding above vehicle when it was available for self-administration. OREX-1019 (0.01-1.0 mg/kg s.c.) also decreased cue- plus heroin-primed reinstatement of extinguished responding in monkeys that self-administered remifentanil but did not alter cue- plus cocaine-primed reinstatement of responding in monkeys that self-administered cocaine. OREX-1019 (0.3 mg/kg s.c.), like naltrexone (0.1 mg/kg s.c.), increased heart rate and blood pressure, produced overt observable signs, and eliminated food-maintained responding in monkeys treated chronically with morphine. These results confirm that OREX-1019 has little or no efficacy at μ opioid receptorsand has low abuse potential, and, combined with promising safety (clean profile vs. other off-target proteins including the hERG (human ether-a-go-go-related gene) K+ channel) and pharmacokinetic data (supporting administration by subcutaneous or sublingual routes, but with low oral bioavailability), suggest it could be a safe and effective alternative to current treatments for opioid use disorders particularly as applied to relapse prevention. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The novel opioid OREX-1019 potentially provides an improved relapse prevention agent for use in opioid use disorder. The current study demonstrates that in monkeys OREX-1019 is able to inhibit the self-administration of, and cue- plus heroin-primed reinstatement of, responding previously maintained by remifentanil.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Maguire
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
| | - Lisa R Gerak
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
| | - Gerta Cami-Kobeci
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
| | - Stephen M Husbands
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
| | - Charles P France
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
| | - Barbara Belli
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
| | - Peter Flynn
- Departments of Pharmacology (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.) and Psychiatry (C.P.F.), and Addiction Research, Treatment & Training Center of Excellence (D.R.M., L.R.G., C.P.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (G.C.-K., S.M.H.) and Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (S.M.H.), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; and Orexigen Therapeutics, La Jolla, California (B.B., P.F.)
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23
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Gerak LR, Weed PF, Maguire DR, France CP. Effects of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist JWH-018 on abuse-related effects of opioids in rhesus monkeys. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 202:33-38. [PMID: 31295696 PMCID: PMC6701858 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Opioid abuse remains a public health crisis despite a tremendous outpouring of resources to address the problem. One factor that might complicate this issue is polydrug abuse. While cannabis is increasingly available due to legalization by states, phytocannabinoids do not appear to alter the abuse-related effects of opioids. Synthetic cannabinoids, which are not pharmacologically identical to phytocannabinoids, are also increasingly available, and differences among cannabinoids might affect their interactions with opioids. This study assessed the impact of one synthetic cannabinoid, JWH-018, on the effects of two μ opioid receptor agonists using two procedures that address different aspects of abuse. First, four monkeys could choose to self-administer the opioid remifentanil alone (0.32 μg/kg/infusion) or a mixture containing 0.32 μg/kg/infusion remifentanil and JWH-018 (1-10 μg/kg/infusion). On separate occasions, monkeys could choose between remifentanil available alone or combined with 100 μg/kg/infusion cocaine. While monkeys chose the remifentanil/cocaine mixture over remifentanil alone, they responded equally for remifentanil alone and the remifentanil/JWH-018 mixture. The ability of JWH-018 to reinstate extinguished responding previously maintained by heroin was examined in four other monkeys. When presented with drug-associated stimuli, heroin, but not JWH-018, reinstated responding, and when combined, JWH-018 did not increase the potency of heroin. While opioids and synthetic cannabinoids, including JWH-018, are abused, these results indicate that JWH-018 does not modify the behavioral effects of opioids in monkeys in a manner that would predict greater abuse liability of cannabinoid/opioid mixtures, a result that is consistent with a growing literature on mixtures of opioids and phytocannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Gerak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Addiction Research, Treatment and Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Peter F Weed
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Addiction Research, Treatment and Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - David R Maguire
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Addiction Research, Treatment and Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Charles P France
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Addiction Research, Treatment and Training Center of Excellence, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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