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Gonzalez-Sanchez FA, Sanchez-Huerta TM, Huerta-Gonzalez A, Sepulveda-Villegas M, Altamirano J, Aguilar-Aleman JP, Garcia-Varela R. Diabetes current and future translatable therapies. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03944-8. [PMID: 38971945 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the major diseases and concerns of public health systems that affects over 200 million patients worldwide. It is estimated that 90% of these patients suffer from diabetes type 2, while 10% present diabetes type 1. This type of diabetes and certain types of diabetes type 2, are characterized by dysregulation of blood glycemic levels due to the total or partial depletion of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. Different approaches have been proposed for long-term treatment of insulin-dependent patients; amongst them, cell-based approaches have been the subject of basic and clinical research since they allow blood glucose level sensing and in situ insulin secretion. The current gold standard for insulin-dependent patients is on-demand exogenous insulin application; cell-based therapies aim to remove this burden from the patient and caregivers. In recent years, protocols to isolate and implant pancreatic islets from diseased donors have been developed and tested in clinical trials. Nevertheless, the shortage of donors, along with the need of immunosuppressive companion therapies, have pushed researchers to focus their attention and efforts to overcome these disadvantages and develop alternative strategies. This review discusses current tested clinical approaches and future potential alternatives for diabetes type 1, and some diabetes type 2, insulin-dependent patients. Additionally, advantages and disadvantages of these discussed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Antonio Gonzalez-Sanchez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería y Biotecnología, Av. General Ramon Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo Mexico, CP 45201, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Triana Mayra Sanchez-Huerta
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería y Biotecnología, Av. General Ramon Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo Mexico, CP 45201, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Alexandra Huerta-Gonzalez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería y Biotecnología, Av. General Ramon Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo Mexico, CP 45201, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Maricruz Sepulveda-Villegas
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Hepatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Julio Altamirano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Epigmenio González 500, San Pablo, 76130, Santiago de Queretaro, Qro, México
| | - Juan Pablo Aguilar-Aleman
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Departamento de Ingenieria Biomedica, Av. General Ramon Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo Mexico, CP 45201, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Rebeca Garcia-Varela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería y Biotecnología, Av. General Ramon Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo Mexico, CP 45201, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Wisconsin, 53705, Madison, USA.
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Ott LC, Cuenca AG. Innate immune cellular therapeutics in transplantation. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1067512. [PMID: 37994308 PMCID: PMC10664839 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1067512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Successful organ transplantation provides an opportunity to extend the lives of patients with end-stage organ failure. Selectively suppressing the donor-specific alloimmune response, however, remains challenging without the continuous use of non-specific immunosuppressive medications, which have multiple adverse effects including elevated risks of infection, chronic kidney injury, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Efforts to promote allograft tolerance have focused on manipulating the adaptive immune response, but long-term allograft survival rates remain disappointing. In recent years, the innate immune system has become an attractive therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of transplant organ rejection. Indeed, contemporary studies demonstrate that innate immune cells participate in both the initial alloimmune response and chronic allograft rejection and undergo non-permanent functional reprogramming in a phenomenon termed "trained immunity." Several types of innate immune cells are currently under investigation as potential therapeutics in transplantation, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, regulatory macrophages, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells. In this review, we discuss the features and functions of these cell types, with a focus on their role in the alloimmune response. We examine their potential application as therapeutics to prevent or treat allograft rejection, as well as challenges in their clinical translation and future directions for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Ott
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alex G Cuenca
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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3
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Wang Y, Xia Y, Chen Y, Xu L, Sun X, Li J, Huang G, Li X, Xie Z, Zhou Z. Association analysis between the TLR9 gene polymorphism rs352140 and type 1 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1030736. [PMID: 37139337 PMCID: PMC10150994 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To a great extent, genetic factors contribute to the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D) development, and by triggering immune imbalance, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 is involved in the development of T1D. However, there is a lack of evidence supporting a genetic association between polymorphisms in the TLR9 gene and T1D. Methods In total, 1513 individuals, including T1D patients (n=738) and healthy control individuals (n=775), from the Han Chinese population were recruited for an association analysis of the rs352140 polymorphism of the TLR9 gene and T1D. rs352140 was genotyped by MassARRAY. The allele and genotype distributions of rs352140 in the T1D and healthy groups and those in different T1D subgroups were analyzed by the chi-squared test and binary logistic regression model. The chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed to explore the association between genotype and phenotype in T1D patients. Results The allele and genotype distributions of rs352140 were significantly different in T1D patients and healthy control individuals (p=0.019, p=0.035). Specifically, the T allele and TT genotype of rs352140 conferred a higher risk of T1D (OR=1.194, 95% CI=1.029-1.385, p=0.019, OR=1.535, 95% CI=1.108-2.126, p=0.010). The allele and genotype distributions of rs352140 were not significantly different between childhood-onset and adult-onset T1D and between T1D with a single islet autoantibody and T1D with multiple islet autoantibodies (p=0.603, p=0.743). rs352140 was associated with T1D susceptibility according to the recessive and additive models (p=0.015, p=0.019) but was not associated with T1D susceptibility in the dominant and overdominant models (p=0.117, p=0.928). Moreover, genotype-phenotype association analysis showed that the TT genotype of rs352140 was associated with higher fasting C-peptide levels (p=0.017). Conclusion In the Han Chinese population, the TLR9 polymorphism rs352140 is associated with T1D and is a risk factor for susceptibility to T1D.
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Therapeutic Opportunities of IL-22 in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121912. [PMID: 34944732 PMCID: PMC8698419 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents one of the most common liver disorders and can progress into a series of liver diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Interleukin-22 (IL-22), a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, is predominantly produced by lymphocytes but acts exclusively on epithelial cells. IL-22 was proven to favor tissue protection and regeneration in multiple diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that IL-22 plays important protective functions against NAFLD by improving insulin sensitivity, modulating lipid metabolism, relieving oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inhibiting apoptosis. By directly interacting with the heterodimeric IL-10R2 and IL-22R1 receptor complex on hepatocytes, IL-22 activates the Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathways to regulate the subsequent expression of genes involved in inflammation, metabolism, tissue repair, and regeneration, thus alleviating hepatitis and steatosis. However, due to the wide biodistribution of the IL-22 receptor and its proinflammatory effects, modifications such as targeted delivery of IL-22 expression and recombinant IL-22 fusion proteins to improve its efficacy while reducing systemic side effects should be taken for further clinical application. In this review, we summarized recent progress in understanding the physiological and pathological importance of the IL-22-IL-22R axis in NAFLD and the mechanisms of IL-22 in the protection of NAFLD and discussed the potential strategies to maneuver this specific cytokine for therapeutic applications for NAFLD.
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Fu Z, Dean JW, Xiong L, Dougherty MW, Oliff KN, Chen ZME, Jobin C, Garrett TJ, Zhou L. Mitochondrial transcription factor A in RORγt + lymphocytes regulate small intestine homeostasis and metabolism. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4462. [PMID: 34294718 PMCID: PMC8298438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RORγt+ lymphocytes, including interleukin 17 (IL-17)-producing gamma delta T (γδT17) cells, T helper 17 (Th17) cells, and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), are important immune regulators. Compared to Th17 cells and ILC3s, γδT17 cell metabolism and its role in tissue homeostasis remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the tissue milieu shapes splenic and intestinal γδT17 cell gene signatures. Conditional deletion of mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) in RORγt+ lymphocytes significantly affects systemic γδT17 cell maintenance and reduces ILC3s without affecting Th17 cells in the gut. In vivo deletion of Tfam in RORγt+ lymphocytes, especially in γδT17 cells, results in small intestine tissue remodeling and increases small intestine length by enhancing the type 2 immune responses in mice. Moreover, these mice show dysregulation of the small intestine transcriptome and metabolism with less body weight but enhanced anti-helminth immunity. IL-22, a cytokine produced by RORγt+ lymphocytes inhibits IL-13-induced tuft cell differentiation in vitro, and suppresses the tuft cell-type 2 immune circuit and small intestine lengthening in vivo, highlighting its key role in gut tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joseph W Dean
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lifeng Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Kristen N Oliff
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zong-Ming E Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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6
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Chen C, Rong P, Yang M, Ma X, Feng Z, Wang W. The Role of Interleukin-1β in Destruction of Transplanted Islets. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720934413. [PMID: 32543895 PMCID: PMC7563886 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720934413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising β-cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes, which can reduce glucose lability and hypoglycemic episodes compared with standard insulin therapy. Despite the tremendous progress made in this field, challenges remain in terms of long-term successful transplant outcomes. The insulin independence rate remains low after islet transplantation from one donor pancreas. It has been reported that the islet-related inflammatory response is the main cause of early islet damage and graft loss after transplantation. The production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has considered to be one of the primary harmful inflammatory events during pancreatic procurement, islet isolation, and islet transplantation. Evidence suggests that the innate immune response is upregulated through the activity of Toll-like receptors and The NACHT Domain-Leucine-Rich Repeat and PYD-containing Protein 3 inflammasome, which are the starting points for a series of signaling events that drive excessive IL-1β production in islet transplantation. In this review, we show recent contributions to the advancement of knowledge of IL-1β in islet transplantation and discuss several strategies targeting IL-1β for improving islet engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Yang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhichao Feng
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Abstract
Since their relatively recent discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been shown to be tissue-resident lymphocytes that are critical mediators of tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and pathogen response. However, ILC dysregulation contributes to a diverse spectrum of human diseases, spanning virtually every organ system. ILCs rapidly respond to environmental cues by altering their own phenotype and function as well as influencing the behavior of other local tissue-resident cells. With a growing understanding of ILC biology, investigators continue to elucidate mechanisms that expand our ability to phenotype, isolate, target, and expand ILCs ex vivo. With mounting preclinical data and clinical correlates, the role of ILCs in both disease pathogenesis and resolution is evident, justifying ILC manipulation for clinical benefit. This Review will highlight areas of ongoing translational research and critical questions for future study that will enable us to harness the full therapeutic potential of these captivating cells.
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8
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Zeng S, Xiao Z, Wang Q, Guo Y, He Y, Zhu Q, Zou Y. Strategies to achieve immune tolerance in allogeneic solid organ transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2020; 58:101250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2019.101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Guida C, Ramracheya R. PYY, a Therapeutic Option for Type 2 Diabetes? CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETES 2020; 13:1179551419892985. [PMID: 32030069 PMCID: PMC6977199 DOI: 10.1177/1179551419892985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic surgery leads to rapid and effective diabetes reversal in humans, by weight-independent mechanisms. The crucial improvement in pancreatic islet function observed after surgery is induced by alteration in several factors, including gut hormones. In addition to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), increasing lines of evidence show that peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) plays a key role in the metabolic benefits associated with the surgery, ranging from appetite regulation to amelioration of islet secretory properties and survival. Here, we summarize the current knowledge and the latest advancements in the field, which pitch a strong case for the development of novel PYY-based therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Guida
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reshma Ramracheya
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disease caused by absolute or insufficient insulin secretion. Under the context of an aging population worldwide, the number of diabetic patients is increasing year by year. Most patients with diabetes have multiple complications that severely threaten their survival and living quality. DM is mainly divided into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T1DM is caused by absolute lack of insulin secretion, so the current treatment for T1DM patients is exogenous insulin replacement therapy. At present, exercise therapy has been widely recognized in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, and regular aerobic exercise has become an important part of T1DM treatment. At the same time, exercise therapy is also used in conjunction with other treatments in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications. However, for patients with T1DM, exercise still has the risk of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. T1DM Patients and specialist physician need to fully understand the effects of exercise on metabolism and implement individualized exercise programs. This chapter reviews the related content of exercise and T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuimei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Pan B, Zhang F, Lu Z, Li L, Shang L, Xia F, Fu R, Xu M, Zeng L, Xu K. Donor T-cell-derived interleukin-22 promotes thymus regeneration and alleviates chronic graft-versus-host disease in murine allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 67:194-201. [PMID: 30557822 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Defect of thymus results in poor posttransplant immune recovery and dysfunction of immune tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants (allo-HCT). Improving thymus regeneration represents a potential strategy to accelerate recovery of T-cell immunity. IL-22 was reported to mediate thymus regeneration after injury. In this study, we found donor T-cell is a major source of IL-22 in allotransplant recipient. Through applying IL-22 knock out (IL-22KO) mice in allo-HCT, we found donor T-cell derived IL-22 promotes thymus regeneration in association with increased level of intra-thymic IL-22. IL-22KO T-cell-transplanted recipients show deficient thymus recovery which is reversed by injection of exogenous IL-22. T-cell derived IL-22 promotes proliferation of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) in vitro. In addition, donor T-cell derived IL-22 increases expression level of Aire in the thymus and decreases skin chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Furthermore, short-term use of exogenous IL-22 posttransplant accelerates recovery of thymus without increasing severity of acute GVHD. Our data indicate that cross-talk between T-cell and TECs is an important mechanism to mediate reconstitution of T-cell immunity after allo-HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Pan
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Lu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Longmei Shang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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12
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c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 defective CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells prolong islet allograft survival in diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3310. [PMID: 29459675 PMCID: PMC5818514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells (Tregs) inhibit inflammatory immune responses to allografts. Here, we found that co-transplantation of allogeneic pancreatic islets with Tregs that are defective in c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) signaling prolongs islet allograft survival in the liver parenchyma of chemically induced diabetic mice (CDM). Adoptively transferred JNK1−/− but not wild-type (WT) Tregs survive longer in the liver parenchyma of CDM. JNK1−/− Tregs are resistant to apoptosis and express anti-apoptotic molecules. JNK1−/− Tregs express higher levels of lymphocyte activation gene-3 molecule (LAG-3) on their surface and produce higher amounts of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 compared with WT Tregs. JNK1−/− Tregs inhibit liver alloimmune responses more efficiently than WT Tregs. JNK1−/− but not WT Tregs are able to inhibit IL-17 and IL-21 production through enhanced LAG-3 expression and IL-10 production. Our study identifies a novel role of JNK1 signaling in Tregs that enhances islet allograft survival in the liver parenchyma of CDM.
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Schmidt T, Lorenz N, Raker VK, Schmidgen MI, Mahnke K, Enk A, Roth J, Steinbrink K. Allergen-Specific Low Zone Tolerance Is Independent of MRP8/14-, TLR4-, TLR7-, and TLR9-Mediated Immune Processes. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:452-455. [PMID: 28947357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Talkea Schmidt
- Division of Experimental and Translational Immunodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadine Lorenz
- Division of Experimental and Translational Immunodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Verena K Raker
- Division of Experimental and Translational Immunodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria I Schmidgen
- Division of Experimental and Translational Immunodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Enk
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Division of Experimental and Translational Immunodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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14
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Savage AK, Liang HE, Locksley RM. The Development of Steady-State Activation Hubs between Adult LTi ILC3s and Primed Macrophages in Small Intestine. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:1912-1922. [PMID: 28747343 PMCID: PMC5568484 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are important for intestinal health, particularly in controlling inflammation in response to epithelial dysregulation, but their role during homeostasis remains less well understood. We generated IL-22 reporter mice to assess production of this key cytokine by ILC3s in the small intestine during development and under basal conditions. Although IL-22 is produced by a variety of lymphocyte populations, constitutively high IL-22 expression was limited to lymphoid-tissue inducer (LTi) cells residing in lymph node-like structures in the gut called solitary intestinal lymphoid tissues (SILT). Constitutive IL-22 expression was dependent on the microbiota and MyD88 signaling, appeared upon weaning, and was present across the spectrum of SILT, including in cryptopatches. Activated SILT LTi cells colocalized with a rare subpopulation of activated macrophages constitutively positive for IL-12/23 p40 and capable of activating neonatal LTi cells in response to TLR stimulus. Thus, weaning leads to the organization of innate immune activation hubs at SILT that mature and are continuously sustained by signals from the microbiota. This functional and anatomic organization constitutes a significant portion of the steady-state IL-23/IL-22 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Savage
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Hong-Erh Liang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158;
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115
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