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Liu Q, Li Z, Wang Z, Lu Y, Jiang S, Xia C, An P, Zhao L, Deng K, Xia Z, Wang W. Construction of an ultrahigh-density genetic linkage map for Manihot esculenta Crantz and identification of QTL for root quantity traits. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2025; 25:534. [PMID: 40281418 PMCID: PMC12032632 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-025-06278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
Cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz, is the main raw material used in starch production in China. However, due to the small planting scale and high demand in China, large-scale imports are needed. To improve cassava yield and to meet China's needs, we examine the agronomic traits of root weight, root number, and root length-to-width ratio per plant. By constructing two semi-sibling genetic maps and using years of data for quantitative trait locus (QTL) localization, we compare two population mapping results to screen co-located 15 QTLs, and transcriptome analysis to explore candidate genes related to these traits. We found OsWRKY78 in rice to be homologous to candidate gene Manes.03G051300, which can regulate rice stem elongation and seed size, and Manes.18G023500 to be homologous to MeMYB108, which can reduce leaf shedding and regulate cassava biomass. Through QTL mapping, we identify key genes related to yield traits that can be used in cassava molecular breeding to improve cassava yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanjie Lu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Sirong Jiang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chengcai Xia
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Pengliang An
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Long Zhao
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Ke Deng
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xia
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China.
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| | - Wenquan Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)/Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China.
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
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Kongsil P, Ceballos H, Siriwan W, Vuttipongchaikij S, Kittipadakul P, Phumichai C, Wannarat W, Kositratana W, Vichukit V, Sarobol E, Rojanaridpiched C. Cassava Breeding and Cultivation Challenges in Thailand: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1899. [PMID: 39065426 PMCID: PMC11280297 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) was introduced to Southeast Asia in the 16th-17th centuries and has since flourished as an industrial crop. Since the 1980s, Thailand has emerged as the leading producer and exporter of cassava products. This growth coincided with the initiation of cassava breeding programs in collaboration with the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), focusing on root yield and starch production. The success of Thai cassava breeding programs can be attributed to the incorporation of valuable genetic diversity from international germplasm resources to cross with the local landraces, which has become the genetic foundation of many Thai commercial varieties. Effective evaluation under diverse environmental conditions has led to the release of varieties with high yield stability. A notable success is the development of Kasetsart 50. However, extreme climate change poses significant challenges, including abiotic and biotic stresses that threaten cassava root yield and starch content, leading to a potential decline in starch-based industries. Future directions for cassava breeding must include hybrid development, marker-assisted recurrent breeding, and gene editing, along with high-throughput phenotyping and flower induction. These strategies are essential to achieve breeding objectives focused on drought tolerance and disease resistance, especially for CMD and CBSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasajee Kongsil
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Hernan Ceballos
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17, Recta Cali-Palmira Apartado Aéreo 6713, Cali 763537, Colombia;
| | - Wanwisa Siriwan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | | | - Piya Kittipadakul
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Chalermpol Phumichai
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Wannasiri Wannarat
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Wichai Kositratana
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand;
| | - Vichan Vichukit
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Ed Sarobol
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Chareinsak Rojanaridpiched
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.K.); (C.P.); (W.W.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (C.R.)
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