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Adhikari A, Park SW. Reduced GSH Acts as a Metabolic Cue of OPDA Signaling in Coregulating Photosynthesis and Defense Activation under Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3745. [PMID: 37960101 PMCID: PMC10648297 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) is a primary precursor of jasmonates, able to trigger autonomous signaling cascades that activate and fine-tune plant defense responses, as well as growth and development. However, its mechanism of actions remains largely elusive. Here we describe a dual-function messenger of OPDA signaling, reduced glutathione (GSH), that cross-regulates photosynthesis machinery and stress protection/adaptation in concert, optimizing plant plasticity and survival potential. Under stress conditions, the rapid induction of OPDA production stimulates GSH accumulation in the chloroplasts, and in turn leads to protein S-glutathionylation in modulating the structure and function of redox-sensitive enzymes such as 2-cysteine (Cys) peroxiredoxin A (2CPA), a recycler in the water-water cycle. GSH exchanges thiol-disulfides with the resolving CysR175, while donating an electron (e-, H+) to the peroxidatic CysP53, of 2CPA, which revives its reductase activity and fosters peroxide detoxification in photosynthesis. The electron flow protects photosynthetic processes (decreased total non-photochemical quenching, NPQ(T)) and maintains its efficiency (increased photosystem II quantum yield, ΦII). On the other hand, GSH also prompts retrograde signaling from the chloroplasts to the nucleus in adjusting OPDA-responsive gene expressions such as Glutathione S-Transferase 6 (GST6) and GST8, and actuating defense responses against various ecological constraints such as salinity, excess oxidants and light, as well as mechanical wounding. We thus propose that OPDA regulates a unique metabolic switch that interfaces light and defense signaling, where it links cellular and environmental cues to a multitude of plant physiological, e.g., growth, development, recovery, and acclimation, processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
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2
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Knieper M, Viehhauser A, Dietz KJ. Oxylipins and Reactive Carbonyls as Regulators of the Plant Redox and Reactive Oxygen Species Network under Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040814. [PMID: 37107189 PMCID: PMC10135161 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and in particular H2O2, serve as essential second messengers at low concentrations. However, excessive ROS accumulation leads to severe and irreversible cell damage. Hence, control of ROS levels is needed, especially under non-optimal growth conditions caused by abiotic or biotic stresses, which at least initially stimulate ROS synthesis. A complex network of thiol-sensitive proteins is instrumental in realizing tight ROS control; this is called the redox regulatory network. It consists of sensors, input elements, transmitters, and targets. Recent evidence revealed that the interplay of the redox network and oxylipins–molecules derived from oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially under high ROS levels–plays a decisive role in coupling ROS generation and subsequent stress defense signaling pathways in plants. This review aims to provide a broad overview of the current knowledge on the interaction of distinct oxylipins generated enzymatically (12-OPDA, 4-HNE, phytoprostanes) or non-enzymatically (MDA, acrolein) and components of the redox network. Further, recent findings on the contribution of oxylipins to environmental acclimatization will be discussed using flooding, herbivory, and establishment of thermotolerance as prime examples of relevant biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Vogelsang L, Dietz KJ. Plant thiol peroxidases as redox sensors and signal transducers in abiotic stress acclimation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:764-778. [PMID: 36403735 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The temporal and spatial patterns of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and tissues decisively determine the plant acclimation response to diverse abiotic and biotic stresses. Recent progress in developing dynamic cell imaging probes provides kinetic information on changes in parameters like H2O2, glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+, that play a crucial role in tuning the cellular redox state. Central to redox-based regulation is the thiol-redox regulatory network of the cell that integrates reductive information from metabolism and oxidative ROS signals. Sensitive proteomics allow for monitoring changes in redox-related posttranslational modifications. Thiol peroxidases act as sensitive peroxide and redox sensors and play a central role in this signal transduction process. Peroxiredoxins (PRX) and glutathione peroxidases (GPX) are the two main thiol peroxidases and their function in ROS sensing and redox signaling in plants is emerging at present and summarized in this review. Depending on their redox state, PRXs and GPXs act as redox-dependent binding partners, direct oxidants of target proteins and oxidants of thiol redox transmitters that in turn oxidize target proteins. With their versatile functions, the multiple isoforms of plant thiol peroxidases play a central role in plant stress acclimation, e.g. to high light or osmotic stress, but also in ROS-mediated immunity and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Vogelsang
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, W5-134, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, W5-134, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Sano N, Lounifi I, Cueff G, Collet B, Clément G, Balzergue S, Huguet S, Valot B, Galland M, Rajjou L. Multi-Omics Approaches Unravel Specific Features of Embryo and Endosperm in Rice Seed Germination. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:867263. [PMID: 35755645 PMCID: PMC9225960 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.867263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination and subsequent seedling growth affect the final yield and quality of the crop. Seed germination is defined as a series of processes that begins with water uptake by a quiescent dry seed and ends with the elongation of embryonic axis. Rice is an important cereal crop species, and during seed germination, two tissues function in a different manner; the embryo grows into a seedling as the next generation and the endosperm is responsible for nutritional supply. Toward understanding the integrated roles of each tissue at the transcriptional, translational, and metabolic production levels during germination, an exhaustive "multi-omics" analysis was performed by combining transcriptomics, label-free shotgun proteomics, and metabolomics on rice germinating embryo and endosperm, independently. Time-course analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome in germinating seeds revealed a major turning point in the early phase of germination in both embryo and endosperm, suggesting that dramatic changes begin immediately after water imbibition in the rice germination program at least at the mRNA and metabolite levels. In endosperm, protein profiles mostly showed abundant decreases corresponding to 90% of the differentially accumulated proteins. An ontological classification revealed the shift from the maturation to the germination process where over-represented classes belonged to embryonic development and cellular amino acid biosynthetic processes. In the embryo, 19% of the detected proteins are differentially accumulated during germination. Stress response, carbohydrate, fatty acid metabolism, and transport are the main functional classes representing embryo proteome change. Moreover, proteins specific to the germinated state were detected by both transcriptomic and proteomic approaches and a major change in the network operating during rice germination was uncovered. In particular, concomitant changes of hormonal metabolism-related proteins (GID1L2 and CNX1) implicated in GAs and ABA metabolism, signaling proteins, and protein turnover events emphasized the importance of such biological networks in rice seeds. Using metabolomics, we highlighted the importance of an energetic supply in rice seeds during germination. In both embryo and endosperm, starch degradation, glycolysis, and subsequent pathways related to these cascades, such as the aspartate-family pathway, are activated during germination. A relevant number of accumulated proteins and metabolites, especially in embryos, testifies the pivotal role of energetic supply in the preparation of plant growth. This article summarizes the key genetic pathways in embryo and endosperm during rice seed germination at the transcriptional, translational, and metabolite levels and thereby, emphasizes the value of combined multi-omics approaches to uncover the specific feature of tissues during germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Sano
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Imen Lounifi
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
- MBCC Group, Master Builders Construction Chemical, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gwendal Cueff
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Boris Collet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Gilles Clément
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Sandrine Balzergue
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Stéphanie Huguet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Benoît Valot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, PAPPSO, Plateforme d'Analyse de Proteomique Paris-Sud-Ouest, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Marc Galland
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Loïc Rajjou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
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Selles B, Dhalleine T, Boutilliat A, Rouhier N, Couturier J. A Redox-Sensitive Cysteine Is Required for PIN1At Function. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:735423. [PMID: 34975936 PMCID: PMC8716364 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.735423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Parvulins are ubiquitous peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases) required for protein folding and regulation. Among parvulin members, Arabidopsis PIN1At, human PIN1, and yeast ESS1 share a conserved cysteine residue but differ by the presence of an N-terminal WW domain, absent in PIN1At. In this study, we have explored whether the cysteine residue of Arabidopsis PIN1At is involved in catalysis and subject to oxidative modifications. From the functional complementation of yeast ess1 mutant, we concluded that the cysteine at position 69 is mandatory for PIN1At function in vivo, unless being replaced by an Asp which is found in a few parvulin members. This result correlates with a decrease of the in vitro PPIase activity of non-functional PIN1At cysteinic variants. A decrease of PIN1At activity was observed upon H2O2 treatment. The in vitro oxidation of cysteine 69, which has an acidic pKa value of 4.9, leads to the formation of covalent dimers that are reduced by thioredoxins, or to sulfinic or sulfonic acid forms at higher H2O2 excess. These investigations highlight the importance of the sole cysteine residue of PIN1At for activity. The reversible formation of an intermolecular disulfide bond might constitute a protective or regulatory mechanism under oxidizing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jérémy Couturier
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, Nancy, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Genetic and Proteomic Basis of Sclerotinia Stem Rot Resistance in Indian Mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111784. [PMID: 34828391 PMCID: PMC8621386 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot is one of the utmost important disease of mustard, causing considerable losses in seed yield and oil quality. The study of the genetic and proteomic basis of resistance to this disease is imperative for its effective utilization in developing resistant cultivars. Therefore, the genetic pattern of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in Indian mustard was studied using six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, and BC1P2) developed from the crossing of one resistant (RH 1222-28) and two susceptible (EC 766300 and EC 766123) genotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that resistance was governed by duplicate epistasis. Comparative proteome analysis of resistant and susceptible genotypes indicated that peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (A0A078IDN6 PPIase) showed high expression in resistant genotype at the early infection stage while its expression was delayed in susceptible genotypes. This study provides important insight to mustard breeders for designing effective breeding programs to develop resistant cultivars against this devastating disease.
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Maynard D, Viehhauser A, Knieper M, Dreyer A, Manea G, Telman W, Butter F, Chibani K, Scheibe R, Dietz KJ. The In Vitro Interaction of 12-Oxophytodienoic Acid and Related Conjugated Carbonyl Compounds with Thiol Antioxidants. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030457. [PMID: 33803875 PMCID: PMC8003295 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
α,β-unsaturated carbonyls interfere with numerous plant physiological processes. One mechanism of action is their reactivity toward thiols of metabolites like cysteine and glutathione (GSH). This work aimed at better understanding these interactions. Both 12-oxophytodienoic acid (12-OPDA) and abscisic acid (ABA) conjugated with cysteine. It was found that the reactivity of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls with GSH followed the sequence trans-2-hexenal < 12-OPDA ≈ 12-OPDA-ethylester < 2-cyclopentenone << methyl vinylketone (MVK). Interestingly, GSH, but not ascorbate (vitamin C), supplementation ameliorated the phytotoxic potential of MVK. In addition, 12-OPDA and 12-OPDA-related conjugated carbonyl compounds interacted with proteins, e.g., with members of the thioredoxin (TRX)-fold family. 12-OPDA modified two cysteinyl residues of chloroplast TRX-f1. The OPDAylated TRX-f1 lost its activity to activate the Calvin-Benson-cycle enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase). Finally, we show that 12-OPDA interacts with cyclophilin 20-3 (Cyp20-3) non-covalently and affects its peptidyl-prolyl-cis/trans isomerase activity. The results demonstrate the high potential of 12-OPDA as a diverse interactor and cellular regulator and suggest that OPDAylation may occur in plant cells and should be investigated as novel regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maynard
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Andrea Viehhauser
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Madita Knieper
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Anna Dreyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Ghamdan Manea
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Wilena Telman
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Falk Butter
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Kamel Chibani
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
| | - Renate Scheibe
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Osnabrück University, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany;
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (D.M.); (A.V.); (M.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.); (W.T.); (K.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-521-106-5589
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Shi L, Du L, Wen J, Zong X, Zhao W, Wang J, Xu M, Wang Y, Fu A. Conserved Residues in the C-Terminal Domain Affect the Structure and Function of CYP38 in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:630644. [PMID: 33732275 PMCID: PMC7959726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.630644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis cyclophilin38 (CYP38) is a thylakoid lumen protein critial for PSII assembly and maintenance, and its C-terminal region serves as the target binding domain. We hypothesized that four conserved residues (R290, F294, Q372, and F374) in the C-terminal domain are critical for the structure and function of CYP38. In yeast two-hybrid and protein pull-down assays, CYP38s with single-sited mutations (R290A, F294A, Q372A, or F374A) did not interact with the CP47 E-loop as the wild-type CYP38. In contrast, CYP38 with the R290A/F294A/Q372A/F374A quadruple mutation could bind the CP47 E-loop. Gene transformation analysis showed that the quadruple mutation prevented CYP38 to efficiently complement the mutant phenotype of cyp38. The C-terminal domain half protein with the quadruple mutation, like the wild-type one, could interact with the N-terminal domain or the CP47 E-loop in vitro. The cyp38 plants expressing CYP38 with the quadruple mutation showed a similar BN-PAGE profile as cyp38, but distinct from the wild type. The CYP38 protein with the quadruple mutation associated with the thylakoid membrane less efficiently than the wild-type CYP38. We concluded that these four conserved residues are indispensable as changes of all these residues together resulted in a subtle conformational change of CYP38 and reduced its intramolecular N-C interaction and the ability to associate with the thylakoid membrane, thus impairing its function in chloroplast.
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Liu W, Park SW. 12- oxo-Phytodienoic Acid: A Fuse and/or Switch of Plant Growth and Defense Responses? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:724079. [PMID: 34490022 PMCID: PMC8418078 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.724079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
12-oxo-Phytodienoic acid (OPDA) is a primary precursor of (-)-jasmonic acid (JA), able to trigger autonomous signaling pathways that regulate a unique subset of jasmonate-responsive genes, activating and fine-tuning defense responses, as well as growth processes in plants. Recently, a number of studies have illuminated the physiol-molecular activities of OPDA signaling in plants, which interconnect the regulatory loop of photosynthesis, cellular redox homeostasis, and transcriptional regulatory networks, together shedding new light on (i) the underlying modes of cellular interfaces between growth and defense responses (e.g., fitness trade-offs or balances) and (ii) vital information in genetic engineering or molecular breeding approaches to upgrade own survival capacities of plants. However, our current knowledge regarding its mode of actions is still far from complete. This review will briefly revisit recent progresses on the roles and mechanisms of OPDA and information gaps within, which help in understanding the phenotypic and environmental plasticity of plants.
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Singh H, Kaur K, Singh M, Kaur G, Singh P. Plant Cyclophilins: Multifaceted Proteins With Versatile Roles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:585212. [PMID: 33193535 PMCID: PMC7641896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.585212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilins constitute a family of ubiquitous proteins that bind cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressant drug. Several of these proteins possess peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline residue, essential for correct folding of the proteins. Compared to prokaryotes and other eukaryotes studied until now, the cyclophilin gene families in plants exhibit considerable expansion. With few exceptions, the role of the majority of these proteins in plants is still a matter of conjecture. However, recent studies suggest that cyclophilins are highly versatile proteins with multiple functionalities, and regulate a plethora of growth and development processes in plants, ranging from hormone signaling to the stress response. The present review discusses the implications of cyclophilins in different facets of cellular processes, particularly in the context of plants, and provides a glimpse into the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins fine-tune the diverse physiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Gundeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- William Harvey Heart Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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11
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Liu W, Barbosa Dos Santos I, Moye A, Park SW. CYP20-3 deglutathionylates 2-CysPRX A and suppresses peroxide detoxification during heat stress. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e202000775. [PMID: 32732254 PMCID: PMC7409537 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, growth-defense trade-offs occur because of limited resources, which demand prioritization towards either of them depending on various external and internal factors. However, very little is known about molecular mechanisms underlying their occurrence. Here, we describe that cyclophilin 20-3 (CYP20-3), a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA)-binding protein, crisscrosses stress responses with light-dependent electron reactions, which fine-tunes activities of key enzymes in plastid sulfur assimilations and photosynthesis. Under stressed states, OPDA, accumulates in the chloroplasts, binds and stimulates CYP20-3 to convey electrons towards serine acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1) and 2-Cys peroxiredoxin A (2CPA). The latter is a thiol-based peroxidase, protecting and optimizing photosynthesis by reducing its toxic byproducts (e.g., H2O2). Reduction of 2CPA then inactivates its peroxidase activity, suppressing the peroxide detoxification machinery, whereas the activation of SAT1 promotes thiol synthesis and builds up reduction capacity, which in turn triggers the retrograde regulation of defense gene expressions against abiotic stress. Thus, we conclude that CYP20-3 is a unique metabolic hub conveying resource allocations between plant growth and defense responses (trade-offs), ultimately balancing optimal growth phonotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Liu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Anna Moye
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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12
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Yu J, Li Y, Qin Z, Guo S, Li Y, Miao Y, Song C, Chen S, Dai S. Plant Chloroplast Stress Response: Insights from Thiol Redox Proteomics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:35-57. [PMID: 31989831 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Plant chloroplasts generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photosynthesis, especially under stresses. The sulfhydryl groups of protein cysteine residues are susceptible to redox modifications, which regulate protein structure and function, and thus different signaling and metabolic processes. The ROS-governed protein thiol redox switches play important roles in chloroplasts. Recent Advances: Various high-throughput thiol redox proteomic approaches have been developed, and they have enabled the improved understanding of redox regulatory mechanisms in chloroplasts. For example, the thioredoxin-modulated antioxidant enzymes help to maintain cellular ROS homeostasis. The light- and dark-dependent redox regulation of photosynthetic electron transport, the Calvin/Benson cycle, and starch biosynthesis ensures metabolic coordination and efficient energy utilization. In addition, redox cascades link the light with the dynamic changes of metabolites in nitrate and sulfur assimilation, shikimate pathway, and biosynthesis of fatty acid hormone as well as purine, pyrimidine, and thiamine. Importantly, redox regulation of tetrapyrrole and chlorophyll biosynthesis is critical to balance the photodynamic tetrapyrrole intermediates and prevent oxidative damage. Moreover, redox regulation of diverse elongation factors, chaperones, and kinases plays an important role in the modulation of gene expression, protein conformation, and posttranslational modification that contribute to photosystem II (PSII) repair, state transition, and signaling in chloroplasts. Critical Issues: This review focuses on recent advances in plant thiol redox proteomics and redox protein networks toward understanding plant chloroplast signaling, metabolism, and stress responses. Future Directions: Using redox proteomics integrated with biochemical and molecular genetic approaches, detailed studies of cysteine residues, their redox states, cross talk with other modifications, and the functional implications will yield a holistic understanding of chloroplast stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Yu
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi Qin
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chunpeng Song
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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13
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Ge L, Zhang K, Cao X, Weng Y, Liu B, Mao P, Ma X. Sequence characteristics of Medicago truncatula cyclophilin family members and function analysis of MsCYP20-3B involved in axillary shoot development. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:907-919. [PMID: 31741262 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) belonging to the immunophilin family are present in all organisms and widely distributed in various cells associated with the activity of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase. Plant CYPs are members of a multi-gene family and are involved in a series of biological processes. However, little is known about their structure, evolution, developmental expression and functional analysis in Medicago truncatula. In this study, a total of 33 CYP genes were identified and found to be unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes. Among them, 21 are single-domain and 12 are multi-domain proteins, and most were predicted to be localized in the cytosol, nucleus or chloroplast. Phylogenetic and gene structure analysis revealed seven segmental gene pairs, indicating that segmental duplication probably made a large contribution to the expansion of MtCYP gene family. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that about 10 MtCYP genes (were) highly expressed involved in vegetative and reproduction tissues in M. truncatula, and MsCYP20-3B was mainly upregulated in stems, leaves and flower buds in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Overexpression of MsCYP20-3B was shown to regulate axillary shoot development associated with higher jasmonic acid and abscisic acid contents in M. truncatula. Our study suggests the importance of the CYP genes family in development, reproduction and stress responses, and provides a reference for future studies and application of CYP genes for alfalfa genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqiao Ge
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Cao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinyin Weng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peisheng Mao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiqing Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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14
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Enzyme activity and structural features of three single-domain phloem cyclophilins from Brassica napus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9368. [PMID: 31249367 PMCID: PMC6597583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) are a group of ubiquitous prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases). It was shown that plants possess the most diverse CYP families and that these are abundant in the phloem long-distance translocation stream. Since phloem exudate showed PPIase activity, three single-domain CYPs that occur in phloem samples from Brassica napus were characterised on functional and structural levels. It could be shown that they exhibit isomerase activity and that this activity is controlled by a redox regulation mechanism, which has been postulated for divergent CYPs. The structure determination by small-angle X-ray scattering experiments revealed a conserved globular shape. In addition, the high-resolution crystal structure of BnCYP19-1 was resolved and refined to 2.0 Å resolution, and the active sites of related CYPs as well as substrate binding were modelled. The obtained data and results support the hypothesis that single domain phloem CYPs are active phloem PPIases that may function as chaperones.
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15
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Mildažienė V, Aleknavičiūtė V, Žūkienė R, Paužaitė G, Naučienė Z, Filatova I, Lyushkevich V, Haimi P, Tamošiūnė I, Baniulis D. Treatment of Common Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) Seeds with Radio-frequency Electromagnetic Field and Cold Plasma Induces Changes in Seed Phytohormone Balance, Seedling Development and Leaf Protein Expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6437. [PMID: 31015543 PMCID: PMC6478675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of plant seeds with electromagnetic fields or non-thermal plasmas aims to take advantage of plant functional plasticity towards stimulation of plant agricultural performance. In this study, the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment using 200 Pa vacuum (7 min), 5.28 MHz radio-frequency cold plasma (CP -2, 5, and 7 min) and electromagnetic field (EMF -5, 10, 15 min) on seed germination kinetics, content of phytohormones, morphometric parameters of seedlings and leaf proteome were assessed. CP 7 min and EMF 15 min treatments caused 19-24% faster germination in vitro; germination in the substrate was accelerated by vacuum (9%) and EMF 15 min (17%). The stressors did not change the seed germination percentage, with exception of EMF 5 min treatment that caused a decrease by 7.5%. Meanwhile both CP 7 min and EMF 15 min treatments stimulated germination, but the EMF treatment resulted in higher weight of leaves. Stressor-specific changes in phytohormone balance were detected in seeds: vacuum treatment decreased zeatin amount by 39%; CP treatments substantially increased gibberellin content, but other effects strongly varied with the treatment duration; the abscisic acid content was reduced by 55-60% after the EMF treatment. Analysis of the proteome showed that short exposure of seeds to the EMF or CP induced a similar long-term effect on gene expression in leaves, mostly stimulating expression of proteins involved in photosynthetic processes and their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Mildažienė
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | | | - Rasa Žūkienė
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giedrė Paužaitė
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Zita Naučienė
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Irina Filatova
- B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Veronika Lyushkevich
- B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Perttu Haimi
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Kaunas reg, Lithuania
| | - Inga Tamošiūnė
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Kaunas reg, Lithuania
| | - Danas Baniulis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Kaunas reg, Lithuania
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16
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Young D, Pedre B, Ezeriņa D, De Smet B, Lewandowska A, Tossounian MA, Bodra N, Huang J, Astolfi Rosado L, Van Breusegem F, Messens J. Protein Promiscuity in H 2O 2 Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1285-1324. [PMID: 29635930 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Decrypting the cellular response to oxidative stress relies on a comprehensive understanding of the redox signaling pathways stimulated under oxidizing conditions. Redox signaling events can be divided into upstream sensing of oxidants, midstream redox signaling of protein function, and downstream transcriptional redox regulation. Recent Advances: A more and more accepted theory of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling is that of a thiol peroxidase redox relay, whereby protein thiols with low reactivity toward H2O2 are instead oxidized through an oxidative relay with thiol peroxidases. CRITICAL ISSUES These ultrareactive thiol peroxidases are the upstream redox sensors, which form the first cellular port of call for H2O2. Not all redox-regulated interactions between thiol peroxidases and cellular proteins involve a transfer of oxidative equivalents, and the nature of redox signaling is further complicated through promiscuous functions of redox-regulated "moonlighting" proteins, of which the precise cellular role under oxidative stress can frequently be obscured by "polygamous" interactions. An ultimate goal of redox signaling is to initiate a rapid response, and in contrast to prokaryotic oxidant-responsive transcription factors, mammalian systems have developed redox signaling pathways, which intersect both with kinase-dependent activation of transcription factors, as well as direct oxidative regulation of transcription factors through peroxiredoxin (Prx) redox relays. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We highlight that both transcriptional regulation and cell fate can be modulated either through oxidative regulation of kinase pathways, or through distinct redox-dependent associations involving either Prxs or redox-responsive moonlighting proteins with functional promiscuity. These protein associations form systems of crossregulatory networks with multiple nodes of potential oxidative regulation for H2O2-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Young
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Brandan Pedre
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daria Ezeriņa
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Smet
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Lewandowska
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria-Armineh Tossounian
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nandita Bodra
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jingjing Huang
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leonardo Astolfi Rosado
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- 2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Messens
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Barbosa Dos Santos I, Park SW. Versatility of Cyclophilins in Plant Growth and Survival: A Case Study in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9010020. [PMID: 30634678 PMCID: PMC6358970 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) belong to a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase family, and were first characterized in mammals as a target of an immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A, preventing proinflammatory cytokine production. In Arabidopsis, 29 CYPs and CYP-like proteins are found across all subcellular compartments, involved in various physiological processes including transcriptional regulation, organogenesis, photosynthetic and hormone signaling pathways, stress adaptation and defense responses. These important but diverse activities of CYPs must be reflected by their versatility as cellular and molecular modulators. However, our current knowledge regarding their mode of actions is still far from complete. This review will briefly revisit recent progresses on the roles and mechanisms of CYPs in Arabidopsis studies, and information gaps within, which help understanding the phenotypic and environmental plasticity of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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18
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Chakraborty S, Ganguli S, Chowdhury A, Ibba M, Banerjee R. Reversible inactivation of yeast mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase under oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1801-1809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Cheong H, Barbosa dos Santos I, Liu W, Gosse HN, Park SW. Cyclophilin 20-3 is positioned as a regulatory hub between light-dependent redox and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid signaling. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2017; 12:e1362520. [PMID: 28805482 PMCID: PMC5640192 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1362520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The jasmonate family of phytohormones plays central roles in plant development and stress acclimation. However, the regulatory modes of their signaling circuitry remain largely unknown. Here we describe that cyclophilin 20-3 (CYP20-3), a binding protein of (+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), crisscrosses stress responses with light-dependent redox reactions, which fine-tunes the activity of key enzymes in the plastid photosynthetic carbon assimilation and sulfur assimilation pathways. Under stressed states, OPDA - accumulated in the chloroplasts - binds and promotes CYP20-3 to transfer electron (e-) from thioredoxins (i.e., type-f2 and -x) to 2-Cys peroxiredoxin B (2-CysPrxB) or serine acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1). Reduction (activation) of 2-CysPrxB then optimizes peroxide detoxification and carbon metabolisms in the photosynthesis, whereas the activation of SAT1 stimulates sulfur assimilation which in turn coordinates redox-resolved nucleus gene expressions in defense responses against biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, we conclude that CYP20-3 is positioned as a unique metabolic hub in the interface between photosynthesis (light) and OPDA signaling, where controls resource (e-) allocations between plant growth and defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Cheong
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Wenshan Liu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Heather N. Gosse
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- CONTACT Sang-Wook Park 209 Rouse Life Science Bldg., Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn AL36849, USA
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20
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Maynard D, Müller SM, Hahmeier M, Löwe J, Feussner I, Gröger H, Viehhauser A, Dietz KJ. One-pot synthesis of bioactive cyclopentenones from α-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:1356-1364. [PMID: 28818464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation products of the poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) arachidonic acid, α-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are bioactive in plants and animals as shown for the cyclopentenones prostaglandin 15d-PGJ2 and PGA2, cis-(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid (12-OPDA), and 14-A-4 neuroprostane. In this study an inexpensive and simple enzymatic multi-step one-pot synthesis is presented for 12-OPDA, which is derived from α-linolenic acid, and the analogous docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived cyclopentenone [(4Z,7Z,10Z)-12-[[-(1S,5S)-4-oxo-5-(2Z)-pent-2-en-1yl]-cyclopent-2-en-1yl] dodeca-4,7,10-trienoic acid, OCPD]. The three enzymes utilized in this multi-step cascade were crude soybean lipoxygenase or a recombinant lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase and allene oxide cyclase from Arabidopsis thaliana. The DHA-derived 12-OPDA analog OCPD is predicted to have medicinal potential and signaling properties in planta. With OCPD in hand, it is shown that this compound interacts with chloroplast cyclophilin 20-3 and can be metabolized by 12-oxophytodienoic acid reductase (OPR3) which is an enzyme relevant for substrate bioactivity modulation in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maynard
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sara Mareike Müller
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Monika Hahmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jana Löwe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, University of Göttingen, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andrea Viehhauser
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany.
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21
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Li Z, Han X, Song X, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Han Q, Liu M, Qiao G, Zhuo R. Overexpressing the Sedum alfredii Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase Increased Resistance to Oxidative Stress in Transgenic Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1010. [PMID: 28659953 PMCID: PMC5469215 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a very important reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme. In this study, the functions of a Cu/Zn SOD gene (SaCu/Zn SOD), from Sedum alfredii, a cadmium (Cd)/zinc/lead co-hyperaccumulator of the Crassulaceae, was characterized. The expression of SaCu/Zn SOD was induced by Cd stress. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, overexpression of SaCu/Zn SOD gene in transgenic Arabidopsis plants enhanced the antioxidative defense capacity, including SOD and peroxidase activities. Additionally, it reduced the damage associated with the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radicals (O2•-). The influence of Cd stress on ion flux across the root surface showed that overexpressing SaCu/Zn SOD in transgenic Arabidopsis plants has greater Cd uptake capacity existed in roots. A co-expression network based on microarray data showed possible oxidative regulation in Arabidopsis after Cd-induced oxidative stress, suggesting that SaCu/Zn SOD may participate in this network and enhance ROS-scavenging capability under Cd stress. Taken together, these results suggest that overexpressing SaCu/Zn SOD increased oxidative stress resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis and provide useful information for understanding the role of SaCu/Zn SOD in response to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Xixi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Yunxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Mingying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Guirong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Renying Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
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22
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Hanhart P, Thieß M, Amari K, Bajdzienko K, Giavalisco P, Heinlein M, Kehr J. Bioinformatic and expression analysis of the Brassica napus L. cyclophilins. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1514. [PMID: 28473712 PMCID: PMC5431436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) are a group of ubiquitous proteins characterized by their ability to bind to the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. The CYP family occurs in a wide range of organisms and contains a conserved peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase domain. In addition to fulfilling a basic role in protein folding, CYPs may also play diverse important roles, e.g. in protein degradation, mRNA processing, development, and stress responses. We performed a genome-wide database survey and identified a total of 94 CYP genes encoding 91 distinct proteins. Sequence alignment analysis of the putative BnCYP cyclophilin-like domains revealed highly conserved motifs. By using RNA-Seq, we could verify the presence of 77 BnCYP genes under control conditions. To identify phloem-specific BnCYP proteins in a complementary approach, we used LC-MS/MS to determine protein abundances in leaf and phloem extracts. We detected 26 BnCYPs in total with 12 being unique to phloem sap. Our analysis provides the basis for future studies concentrating on the functional characterization of individual members of this gene family in a plant of dual importance: as a crop and a model system for polyploidization and long-distance signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Hanhart
- Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Thieß
- Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Khalid Amari
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMP UPR 2357, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Krzysztof Bajdzienko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manfred Heinlein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMP UPR 2357, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julia Kehr
- Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany.
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23
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Cerveau D, Kraut A, Stotz HU, Mueller MJ, Couté Y, Rey P. Characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana 2-Cys peroxiredoxin interactome. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 252:30-41. [PMID: 27717466 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are ubiquitous thiol-dependent peroxidases for which chaperone and signaling roles have been reported in various types of organisms in recent years. In plants, the peroxidase function of the two typical plastidial 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys PRX A and B) has been highlighted while the other functions, particularly in ROS-dependent signaling pathways, are still elusive notably due to the lack of knowledge of interacting partners. Using an ex vivo approach based on co-immunoprecipitation of leaf extracts from Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and mutant plants lacking 2-Cys PRX expression followed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics, 158 proteins were found associated with 2-Cys PRXs. Already known partners like thioredoxin-related electron donors (Chloroplastic Drought-induced Stress Protein of 32kDa, Atypical Cysteine Histidine-rich Thioredoxin 2) and enzymes involved in chlorophyll synthesis (Protochlorophyllide OxidoReductase B) or carbon metabolism (Fructose-1,6-BisPhosphatase) were identified, validating the relevance of the approach. Bioinformatic and bibliographic analyses allowed the functional classification of the identified proteins and revealed that more than 40% are localized in plastids. The possible roles of plant 2-Cys PRXs in redox signaling pathways are discussed in relation with the functions of the potential partners notably those involved in redox homeostasis, carbon and amino acid metabolisms as well as chlorophyll biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Cerveau
- CEA, DRF, BIAM, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale & Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Alexandra Kraut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, U1038, F-38000, France; CEA, BIG-BGE, Grenoble, F-38000, France; INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Henrik U Stotz
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, Biocenter, Pharmaticeutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, Biocenter, Pharmaticeutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Yohann Couté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, U1038, F-38000, France; CEA, BIG-BGE, Grenoble, F-38000, France; INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Pascal Rey
- CEA, DRF, BIAM, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale & Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France.
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Liebthal M, Strüve M, Li X, Hertle Y, Maynard D, Hellweg T, Viehhauser A, Dietz KJ. Redox-Dependent Conformational Dynamics of Decameric 2-Cysteine Peroxiredoxin and its Interaction with Cyclophilin 20-3. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1415-1425. [PMID: 26872837 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
2-Cysteine peroxiredoxins (2-CysPrxs) switch between functions as a thiol peroxidase, chaperone, an interaction partner and possibly a proximity-based oxidase in a redox-dependent manner. In photosynthetic eukaryotes, 2-CysPrx localizes to the plastid, functions in the context of photosynthesis and enables an ascorbate peroxidase-independent water-water cycle for detoxifying H2O2 The high degree of evolutionary conservation of 2-CysPrx suggests that the switching is an essential characteristic and needed to transduce redox information to downstream pathways and regulation. The study aimed at exploring the dissociation behavior of 2-CysPrx and its interactions with cyclophilin depending on bulk phase conditions. Isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC), dynamic light scattering and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) proved the previously suggested model that reduced 2-CysPrx below a critical transition concentration (CTC) exists in its dimeric state, and above the CTC adopts the decameric state. The presence of cyclophilin 20-3 (Cyp20-3) affected the CTC of a 2-CysPrx decamer suggesting interaction which was further quantified by direct titration of 2-CysPrx with Cyp20-3, and in overlays. Finally catalytic inactivation assays showed the higher catalytic efficiency of 2-CysPrx at pH 8 compared with pH 7.2, but also revealed increased inactivation by hyperoxidation at pH 8. Interestingly, calculation of the average turnover number until inactivation gave rather similar values of 243 and 268 catalytic cycles at pH 8 and pH 7.2, respectively. These quantitative data support a model where 2-CysPrx and Cyp20-3, by interaction, form a redox-sensitive regulatory module in the chloroplast which is under control of the photosynthesis-linked stromal pH value, the redox state and additional stromal protein factor(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Liebthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marcel Strüve
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yvonne Hertle
- Department of Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Maynard
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Department of Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andrea Viehhauser
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Germany
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25
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Tomašić Paić A, Fulgosi H. Chloroplast immunophilins. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:249-258. [PMID: 25963286 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunophilins occur in almost all living organisms. They are ubiquitously expressed proteins including cyclophilins, FK506/rapamycin-binding proteins, and parvulins. Their functional significance in vascular plants is mostly related to plant developmental processes, signalling, and regulation of photosynthesis. Enzymatically active immunophilins catalyse isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds and assist in rapid folding of nascent proline-containing polypeptides. They also participate in protein trafficking and assembly of supramolecular protein complexes. Complex immunophilins possess various additional functional domains associated with a multitude of molecular interactions. A considerable number of immunophilins act as auxiliary and/or regulatory proteins in highly specialized cellular compartments, such as lumen of thylakoids. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of so far identified chloroplast immunophilins that assist in specific assembly/repair processes necessary for the maintenance of efficient photosynthetic energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tomašić Paić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10002, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Fulgosi
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10002, Zagreb, Croatia.
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26
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Delorme-Hinoux V, Bangash SAK, Meyer AJ, Reichheld JP. Nuclear thiol redox systems in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 243:84-95. [PMID: 26795153 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-disulfide redox regulation is essential for many cellular functions in plants. It has major roles in defense mechanisms, maintains the redox status of the cell and plays structural, with regulatory roles for many proteins. Although thiol-based redox regulation has been extensively studied in subcellular organelles such as chloroplasts, it has been much less studied in the nucleus. Thiol-disulfide redox regulation is dependent on the conserved redox proteins, glutathione/glutaredoxin (GRX) and thioredoxin (TRX) systems. We first focus on the functions of glutathione in the nucleus and discuss recent data concerning accumulation of glutathione in the nucleus. We also provide evidence that glutathione reduction is potentially active in the nucleus. Recent data suggests that the nucleus is enriched in specific GRX and TRX isoforms. We discuss the biochemical and molecular characteristics of these isoforms and focus on genetic evidences for their potential nuclear functions. Finally, we make an overview of the different thiol-based redox regulated proteins in the nucleus. These proteins are involved in various pathways including transcriptional regulation, metabolism and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Delorme-Hinoux
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860 Perpignan, France; Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
| | - Sajid A K Bangash
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Reichheld
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860 Perpignan, France; Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
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27
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Kaur G, Singh S, Singh H, Chawla M, Dutta T, Kaur H, Bender K, Snedden WA, Kapoor S, Pareek A, Singh P. Characterization of Peptidyl-Prolyl Cis-Trans Isomerase- and Calmodulin-Binding Activity of a Cytosolic Arabidopsis thaliana Cyclophilin AtCyp19-3. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136692. [PMID: 26317213 PMCID: PMC4552658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins, which bind to immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA), are ubiquitous proteins and constitute a multigene family in higher organisms. Several members of this family are reported to catalyze cis-trans isomerisation of the peptidyl-prolyl bond, which is a rate limiting step in protein folding. The physiological role of these proteins in plants, with few exceptions, is still a matter of speculation. Although Arabidopsis genome is predicted to contain 35 cyclophilin genes, biochemical characterization, imperative for understanding their cellular function(s), has been carried only for few of the members. The present study reports the biochemical characterization of an Arabidopsis cyclophilin, AtCyp19-3, which demonstrated that this protein is enzymatically active and possesses peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity that is specifically inhibited by CsA with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 18.75 nM. The PPIase activity of AtCyp19-3 was also sensitive to Cu(2+), which covalently reacts with the sulfhydryl groups, implying redox regulation. Further, using calmodulin (CaM) gel overlay assays it was demonstrated that in vitro interaction of AtCyp19-3 with CaM is Ca(2+)-dependent, and CaM-binding domain is localized to 35-70 amino acid residues in the N-terminus. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays showed that AtCyp19-3 interacts with CaM in vivo also, thus, validating the in vitro observations. However, the PPIase activity of the Arabidopsis cyclophilin was not affected by CaM. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of Ca(2+) signaling and cyclophilin activity in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gundeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India
| | - Supreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidayalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Mrinalini Chawla
- Interdiscipinary Center for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanima Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kyle Bender
- Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - W. A. Snedden
- Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanjay Kapoor
- Interdiscipinary Center for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal, Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India
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Guan Q, Wang Z, Wang X, Takano T, Liu S. A peroxisomal APX from Puccinellia tenuiflora improves the abiotic stress tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana through decreasing of H2O2 accumulation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 175:183-91. [PMID: 25644292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) is one of the major members of the ROS scavenging system that plays an important role in improving saline-alkali tolerance. Puccinellia tenuiflora, as a perennial wild grass, is able to grow in extreme saline-alkali soil environments. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the P. tenuiflora ascorbate peroxidase (PutAPX) gene and saline-alkali tolerance. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that PutAPX is closely related to AtAPX3 and OsAPX4 and that these genes are on the same branch. The PutAPX-GFP fusion protein is located in the peroxisome in onion epidermal cells. The transcriptional expression of PutAPX increased with prolonged exposure to NaCl, NaHCO3, PEG6000 and H2O2 stresses in P. tenuiflora. The overexpression of PutAPX in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly increased the tolerance of plants treated with 150 and 175mM NaCl and decreased the extent of lipid peroxidation. The transgenic seedlings presented higher chlorophyll content than wild type (WT) seedlings treated with 1, 3, and 5mM NaHCO3 and 3mM H2O2. The DAB staining results revealed that the H2O2 content in transgenic seedlings was significantly lower than that in WT plants under both normal conditions and 200mM NaCl stress. Moreover, the expression of APX proteins and enzyme activity in the transgenic seedlings increased to level that were greater than twofold higher than those found in WT plants exposed to 200mM NaCl. The saline-alkali tolerance conferred by the PutAPX gene may provide a reliable basis for the use of molecular breeding techniques to improve plant tolerance and obtain a better understanding of the physiological mechanism of anti-oxidative and ROS stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150040, China; Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Biology and Molecular Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 138 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhenjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tetsuo Takano
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Shenkui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150040, China.
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Plant immunophilins: a review of their structure-function relationship. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1850:2145-58. [PMID: 25529299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Originally discovered as receptors for immunosuppressive drugs, immunophilins consist of two major groups, FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) and cyclosporin A binding proteins (cyclophilins, CYPs). Many members in both FKBP and CYP families are peptidyl prolyl isomerases that are involved in protein folding processes, though they share little sequence homology. It is not surprising to find immunophilins in all organisms examined so far, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, as protein folding represents a common process in all living systems. SCOPE OF REVIEW Studies on plant immunophilins have revealed new functions beyond protein folding and new structural properties beyond that of typical PPIases. This review focuses on the structural and functional diversity of plant FKBPs and CYPs. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The differences in sequence, structure as well as subcellular localization, have added on to the diversity of this family of molecular chaperones. In particular, the large number of immunophilins present in the thylakoid lumen of the photosynthetic organelle, promises to deliver insights into the regulation of photosynthesis, a unique feature of plant systems. However, very little structural information and functional data are available for plant immunophilins. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Studies on the structure and function of plant immunophilins are important in understanding their role in plant biology. By reviewing the structural and functional properties of some immunophilins that represent the emerging area of research in plant biology, we hope to increase the interest of researchers in pursuing further research in this area. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Proline-directed Foldases: Cell Signaling Catalysts and Drug Targets.
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30
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Dietz KJ. Redox regulation of transcription factors in plant stress acclimation and development. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1356-72. [PMID: 24182193 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The redox regulatory signaling network of the plant cell controls and co-regulates transcriptional activities, thereby enabling adjustment of metabolism and development in response to environmental cues, including abiotic stress. RECENT ADVANCES Our rapidly expanding knowledge on redox regulation of plant transcription is driven by methodological advancements such as sensitive redox proteomics and in silico predictions in combination with classical targeted genetic and molecular approaches, often in Arabidopsis thaliana. Thus, transcription factors (TFs) are both direct and indirect targets of redox-dependent activity modulation. Redox control of TF activity involves conformational switching, nucleo-cytosolic partitioning, assembly with coregulators, metal-S-cluster regulation, redox control of upstream signaling elements, and proteolysis. CRITICAL ISSUES While the significance of redox regulation of transcription is well established for prokaryotes and non-plant eukaryotes, the momentousness of redox-dependent control of transcription in plants still receives insufficient awareness and, therefore, is discussed in detail in this review. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Improved proteome sensitivity will enable characterization of low abundant proteins and to simultaneously address the various post-translational modifications such as nitrosylation, hydroxylation, and glutathionylation. Combining such approaches by gradually increasing biotic and abiotic stress strength is expected to result in a systematic understanding of redox regulation. In the end, only the combination of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro results will provide conclusive pictures on the rather complex mechanism of redox regulation of transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University , Bielefeld, Germany
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31
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Dalal A, Kumar A, Yadav D, Gudla T, Viehhauser A, Dietz KJ, Kirti PB. Alleviation of methyl viologen-mediated oxidative stress by Brassica juncea annexin-3 in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 219-220:9-18. [PMID: 24576759 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant annexins function as calcium-dependent or -independent phospholipid binding proteins and constitute about 0.1% of total cellular proteins. Some of them were reported to antagonize oxidative stress and protect plant cells. Brassica juncea annexin-3 (AnnBj3) was recently discovered. To gain insight into a possible function of AnnBj3 in oxidative stress response, we investigated the resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing AnnBj3 constitutively. Here we report that, AnnBj3 attenuates methyl viologen-mediated oxidative stress in plants. It protected photosynthesis and plasma membrane from methyl viologen-mediated oxidative damage. AnnBj3 detoxifies hydrogen peroxide and showed antioxidative property in vitro. The protein increased total peroxidase activity in transgenics and interfered with other cellular antioxidants, thereby giving an overall cellular protection against methyl viologen-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahan Dalal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Abhay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Deepanker Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Triveni Gudla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Andrea Viehhauser
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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Mokryakova MV, Pogorelko GV, Bruskin SA, Piruzian ES, Abdeeva IA. The role of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase genes of Arabidopsis thaliana in plant defense during the course of Xanthomonas campestris infection. RUSS J GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795414020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu P, Zhang H, Wang H, Xia Y. Identification of redox-sensitive cysteines in the Arabidopsis proteome using OxiTRAQ, a quantitative redox proteomics method. Proteomics 2014; 14:750-62. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Department of Biology; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Huoming Zhang
- Biosciences Core Laboratory; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Biology; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yiji Xia
- Department of Biology; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong P. R. China
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34
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Pogorelko GV, Mokryakova M, Fursova OV, Abdeeva I, Piruzian ES, Bruskin SA. Characterization of three Arabidopsis thaliana immunophilin genes involved in the plant defense response against Pseudomonas syringae. Gene 2014; 538:12-22. [PMID: 24440291 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant immunophilins are a broadly conserved family of proteins, which carry out a variety of cellular functions. In this study, we investigated three immunophilin genes involved in the Arabidopsis thaliana response to Pseudomonas syringae infection: a cytoplasmic localized AtCYP19, a cytoplasmic and nuclear localized AtCYP57, and one nucleus directed FKBP known as AtFKBP65. Arabidopsis knock-out mutations in these immunophilins result in an increased susceptibility to P. syringae, whereas overexpression of these genes alters the transcription profile of pathogen-related defense genes and led to enhanced resistance. Histochemical analysis revealed local gene expression of AtCYP19, AtCYP57, and AtFKBP65 in response to pathogen infection. AtCYP19 was shown to be involved in reactive oxygen species production, and both AtCYP57 and AtFKBP65 provided callose accumulation in plant cell wall. Identification of the involvement of these genes in biotic stress response brings a new set of data that will advance plant immune system research and can be widely used for further investigation in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady V Pogorelko
- 219 Bessey Hall, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50014, IA, USA; NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maria Mokryakova
- NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Oksana V Fursova
- Geocryology Department, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - Inna Abdeeva
- NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Eleonora S Piruzian
- NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Sergey A Bruskin
- NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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35
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Speiser A, Haberland S, Watanabe M, Wirtz M, Dietz KJ, Saito K, Hell R. The significance of cysteine synthesis for acclimation to high light conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:776. [PMID: 25653656 PMCID: PMC4300907 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Situations of excess light intensity are known to result in the emergence of reactive oxygen species that originate from the electron transport chain in chloroplasts. The redox state of glutathione and its biosynthesis contribute importantly to the plant's response to this stress. In this study we analyzed the significance of cysteine synthesis for long-term acclimation to high light conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. Emphasis was put on the rate-limiting step of cysteine synthesis, the formation of the precursor O-acetylserine (OAS) that is catalyzed by serine acetyltransferase (SERAT). Wild type Arabidopsis plants responded to the high light condition (800 μmol m(-2) s(-1) for 10 days) with synthesis of photo-protective anthocyanins, induction of total SERAT activity and elevated glutathione levels when compared to the control condition (100 μmol m(-2) s(-1)). The role of cysteine synthesis in chloroplasts was probed in mutant plants lacking the chloroplast isoform SERAT2;1 (serat2;1) and two knock-out alleles of CYP20-3, a positive interactor of SERAT in the chloroplast. Acclimation to high light resulted in a smaller growth enhancement than wild type in the serat2;1 and cyp20-3 mutants, less induction of total SERAT activity and OAS levels but similar cysteine and glutathione concentrations. Expression analysis revealed no increase in mRNA of the chloroplast SERAT2;1 encoding SERAT2;1 gene but up to 4.4-fold elevated SERAT2;2 mRNA levels for the mitochondrial SERAT isoform. Thus, lack of chloroplast SERAT2;1 activity or its activation by CYP20-3 prevents the full growth response to high light conditions, but the enhanced demand for glutathione is likely mediated by synthesis of OAS in the mitochondria. In conclusion, cysteine synthesis in the chloroplast is important for performance but is dispensable for survival under long-term exposure to high light and can be partially complemented by cysteine synthesis in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Speiser
- Plant Molecular Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Haberland
- Plant Molecular Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Mutsumi Watanabe
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyPotsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Wirtz
- Plant Molecular Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, University of BielefeldBielefeld, Germany
| | - Kazuki Saito
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba UniversityChiba, Japan
| | - Rüdiger Hell
- Plant Molecular Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rüdiger Hell, Plant Molecular Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany e-mail:
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König J, Galliardt H, Jütte P, Schäper S, Dittmann L, Dietz KJ. The conformational bases for the two functionalities of 2-cysteine peroxiredoxins as peroxidase and chaperone. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:3483-97. [PMID: 23828546 PMCID: PMC3733160 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
2-Cysteine peroxiredoxins (2-CysPrxs) are ubiquitous and highly abundant proteins that serve multiple functions as peroxidases, chaperones, and thiol oxidases and in redox-dependent cell signalling. The chloroplast protein plays a role in seedling development and protection of the photosynthetic apparatus. This study aimed to unequivocally link conformation and function. To this end, a set of non-tagged site-directed mutagenized At2-CysPrx variants was engineered, which mimicked the conformational states and their specific functions: hyperoxidized form (C54D), reduced form (C54S, C176S), oxidized form (C54DC176K), phosphorylated form (T92D), reduced ability for oligomerization by interfering with the dimer-dimer interface (F84R) and a C-terminally truncated form [ΔC (-20 aa)]. These variants were fully or partly fixed in their quaternary structure and function, respectively, and were analysed for their conformational state and peroxidase and chaperone activity, as well as for their sensitivity to hyperoxidation. The presence of a His6-tag strongly influenced the properties of the protein. The ΔC variant became insensitive to hyperoxidation, while T92D and F84R became more sensitive. The C54D variant revealed the highest chaperone activity. The highest peroxidase activity was observed for the F84R and ΔC variants. Efficient interaction with NADP-dependent thioredoxin reductase C depended on the presence of Cys residues and the C-terminal tail. The results suggest that the structural flexibility is important for the switch between peroxidase and chaperone function and that evolution has conserved the functional switch instead of maximizing a single function. These variants are ideal tools for future conformation-specific studies in vivo and in vitro.
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Campos BM, Sforça ML, Ambrosio ALB, Domingues MN, Brasil de Souza TDAC, Barbosa JARG, Leme AFP, Perez CA, Whittaker SBM, Murakami MT, Zeri ACDM, Benedetti CE. A redox 2-Cys mechanism regulates the catalytic activity of divergent cyclophilins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 162:1311-23. [PMID: 23709667 PMCID: PMC3707534 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.218339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The citrus (Citrus sinensis) cyclophilin CsCyp is a target of the Xanthomonas citri transcription activator-like effector PthA, required to elicit cankers on citrus. CsCyp binds the citrus thioredoxin CsTdx and the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and is a divergent cyclophilin that carries the additional loop KSGKPLH, invariable cysteine (Cys) residues Cys-40 and Cys-168, and the conserved glutamate (Glu) Glu-83. Despite the suggested roles in ATP and metal binding, the functions of these unique structural elements remain unknown. Here, we show that the conserved Cys residues form a disulfide bond that inactivates the enzyme, whereas Glu-83, which belongs to the catalytic loop and is also critical for enzyme activity, is anchored to the divergent loop to maintain the active site open. In addition, we demonstrate that Cys-40 and Cys-168 are required for the interaction with CsTdx and that CsCyp binds the citrus carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II YSPSAP repeat. Our data support a model where formation of the Cys-40-Cys-168 disulfide bond induces a conformational change that disrupts the interaction of the divergent and catalytic loops, via Glu-83, causing the active site to close. This suggests a new type of allosteric regulation in divergent cyclophilins, involving disulfide bond formation and a loop-displacement mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Medéia Campos
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Mauricio Luis Sforça
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Andre Luis Berteli Ambrosio
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Mariane Noronha Domingues
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | | | | | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Perez
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Sara Britt-Marie Whittaker
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Mario Tyago Murakami
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
| | - Ana Carolina de Matos Zeri
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (B.M.C., M.L.S., A.L.B.A., M.N.D., T.d.A.C.B.d.S., J.A.R.G.B., A.F.P.L., M.T.M., A.C.d.M.Z., C.E.B.) and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (C.A.P.), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP CP6192, Brazil; and
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom (S.B.-M.W.)
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Kundu N, Dozier U, Deslandes L, Somssich IE, Ullah H. Arabidopsis scaffold protein RACK1A interacts with diverse environmental stress and photosynthesis related proteins. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2013; 8:e24012. [PMID: 23435172 PMCID: PMC3906143 DOI: 10.4161/psb.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold proteins are known to regulate important cellular processes by interacting with multiple proteins to modulate molecular responses. RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) is a WD-40 type scaffold protein, conserved in eukaryotes, from Chlamydymonas to plants and humans, expresses ubiquitously and plays regulatory roles in diverse signal transduction and stress response pathways. Here we present the use of Arabidopsis RACK1A, the predominant isoform of a 3-member family, as a bait to screen a split-ubiquitin based cDNA library. In total 97 proteins from dehydration, salt stress, ribosomal and photosynthesis pathways are found to potentially interact with RACK1A. False positive interactions were eliminated following extensive selection based growth potentials. Confirmation of a sub-set of selected interactions is demonstrated through the co-transformation with individual plasmid containing cDNA and the respective bait. Interaction of diverse proteins points to a regulatory role of RACK1A in the cross-talk between signaling pathways. Promoter analysis of the stress and photosynthetic pathway genes revealed conserved transcription factor binding sites. RACK1A is known to be a multifunctional protein and the current identification of potential interacting proteins and future in vivo elucidations of the physiological basis of such interactions will shed light on the possible molecular mechanisms that RACK1A uses to regulate diverse signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Kundu
- Department of Biology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
| | - Uvetta Dozier
- Department of Biology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
| | - Laurent Deslandes
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research; Köln, Germany
| | - Imre E. Somssich
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research; Köln, Germany
| | - Hemayet Ullah
- Department of Biology; Howard University; Washington, DC USA
- Correspondence to: Hemayet Ullah,
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Muthuramalingam M, Matros A, Scheibe R, Mock HP, Dietz KJ. The hydrogen peroxide-sensitive proteome of the chloroplast in vitro and in vivo. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:54. [PMID: 23516120 PMCID: PMC3601327 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) evolves during cellular metabolism and accumulates under various stresses causing serious redox imbalances. Many proteomics studies aiming to identify proteins sensitive to H2O2 used concentrations that were above the physiological range. Here the chloroplast proteins were subjected to partial oxidation by exogenous addition of H2O2 equivalent to 10% of available protein thiols which allowed for the identification of the primary targets of oxidation. The chosen redox proteomic approach employed differential labeling of non-oxidized and oxidized thiols using sequential alkylation with N-ethylmaleimide and biotin maleimide. The in vitro identified proteins are involved in carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, redox homeostasis, and nitrogen assimilation. By using methyl viologen that induces oxidative stress in vivo, mostly the same primary targets of oxidation were identified and several oxidation sites were annotated. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RubisCO) was a primary oxidation target. Due to its high abundance, RubisCO is suggested to act as a chloroplast redox buffer to maintain a suitable redox state, even in the presence of increased reactive oxygen species release. 2-cysteine peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prx) undergo redox-dependent modifications and play important roles in antioxidant defense and signaling. The identification of 2-Cys Prx was expected based on its high affinity to H2O2 and is considered as a proof of concept for the approach. Targets of Trx, such as phosphoribulokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, transketolase, and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase have at least one regulatory disulfide bridge which supports the conclusion that the identified proteins undergo reversible thiol oxidation. In conclusion, the presented approach enabled the identification of early targets of H2O2 oxidation within the cellular proteome under physiological experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Matros
- Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Renate Scheibe
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of OsnabrückOsnabrück, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology – W5-134, Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld, Germany
- *Correspondence: Karl-Josef Dietz, Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology – W5-134, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany. e-mail:
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Arc E, Chibani K, Grappin P, Jullien M, Godin B, Cueff G, Valot B, Balliau T, Job D, Rajjou L. Cold stratification and exogenous nitrates entail similar functional proteome adjustments during Arabidopsis seed dormancy release. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:5418-32. [PMID: 22985405 DOI: 10.1021/pr3006815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite having very similar initial pools of stored mRNAs and proteins in the dry state, mature Arabidopsis seeds can either proceed toward radicle protrusion or stay in a dormant state upon imbibition. Dormancy breaking, a prerequisite to germination completion, can be induced by different treatments though the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Thus, we investigated the consequence of such treatments on the seed proteome. Two unrelated dormancy-releasing treatments were applied to dormant seeds, namely, cold stratification and exogenous nitrates, in combination with differential proteomic tools to highlight the specificities of the imbibed dormant state. The results reveal that both treatments lead to highly similar proteome adjustments. In the imbibed dormant state, enzymes involved in reserve mobilization are less accumulated and it appears that several energetically costly processes associated to seed germination and preparation for subsequent seedling establishment are repressed. Our data suggest that dormancy maintenance is associated to an abscisic-acid-dependent recapitulation of the late maturation program resulting in a higher potential to cope with environmental stresses. The comparison of the present results with previously published -omic data sets reinforces and extends the assumption that post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulations are determinant for seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwann Arc
- INRA, Jean-Pierre Bourgin Institute (IJPB, UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTech), Laboratory of Excellence Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78002 Versailles Cedex, France.
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Oelze ML, Vogel MO, Alsharafa K, Kahmann U, Viehhauser A, Maurino VG, Dietz KJ. Efficient acclimation of the chloroplast antioxidant defence of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves in response to a 10- or 100-fold light increment and the possible involvement of retrograde signals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:1297-313. [PMID: 22131159 PMCID: PMC3276092 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are equipped with a nuclear-encoded antioxidant defence system the components of which are usually expressed at high transcript and activity levels. To significantly challenge the chloroplast antioxidant system, Arabidopsis thaliana plants, acclimated to extremely low light slightly above the light compensation point or to normal growth chamber light, were moved to high light corresponding to a 100- and 10-fold light jump, for 6 h and 24 h in order to observe the responses of the water-water cycle at the transcript, protein, enzyme activity, and metabolite levels. The plants coped efficiently with the high light regime and the photoinhibition was fully reversible. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione and ascorbate levels as well as redox states, respectively, revealed no particular oxidative stress in low-light-acclimated plants transferred to 100-fold excess light. Strong regulation of the water-water cycle enzymes at the transcript level was only partly reflected at the protein and activity levels. In general, low light plants had higher stromal (sAPX) and thylakoid ascorbate peroxidase (tAPX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) protein contents than normal light-grown plants. Mutants defective in components relevant for retrograde signalling, namely stn7, ex1, tpt1, and a mutant expressing E .coli catalase in the chloroplast showed unaltered transcriptional responses of water-water cycle enzymes. These findings, together with the response of marker transcripts, indicate that abscisic acid is not involved and that the plastoquinone redox state and reactive oxygen species do not play a major role in regulating the transcriptional response at t=6 h, while other marker transcripts suggest a major role for reductive power, metabolites, and lipids as signals for the response of the water-water cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Oelze
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marc Oliver Vogel
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Khalid Alsharafa
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Uwe Kahmann
- Zentrum für Ultrastrukturelle Diagnostik, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andrea Viehhauser
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Veronica G. Maurino
- Entwicklungs- und Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Clavaud C, Gal JL, Thai R, Dugave C. Implication of cysteine residues in the selection of oxorhenium inhibitors of cyclophilin hCyp18. Metallomics 2012; 4:179-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt00160h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shi S, Chen W, Sun W. Comparative proteomic analysis of the Arabidopsis cbl1 mutant in response to salt stress. Proteomics 2011; 11:4712-25. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bhatt I, Tripathi B. Plant peroxiredoxins: Catalytic mechanisms, functional significance and future perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 29:850-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are central elements of the antioxidant defense system and the dithiol-disulfide redox regulatory network of the plant and cyanobacterial cell. They employ a thiol-based catalytic mechanism to reduce H2O2, alkylhydroperoxide, and peroxinitrite. In plants and cyanobacteria, there exist 2-CysPrx, 1-CysPrx, PrxQ, and type II Prx. Higher plants typically contain at least one plastid 2-CysPrx, one nucleo-cytoplasmic 1-CysPrx, one chloroplast PrxQ, and one each of cytosolic, mitochondrial, and plastidic type II Prx. Cyanobacteria express variable sets of three or more Prxs. The catalytic cycle consists of three steps: (i) peroxidative reduction, (ii) resolving step, and (iii) regeneration using diverse electron donors such as thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, cyclophilins, glutathione, and ascorbic acid. Prx proteins undergo major conformational changes in dependence of their redox state. Thus, they not only modulate cellular reactive oxygen species- and reactive nitrogen species-dependent signaling, but depending on the Prx type they sense the redox state, transmit redox information to binding partners, and function as chaperone. They serve in context of photosynthesis and respiration, but also in metabolism and development of all tissues, for example, in nodules as well as during seed and fruit development. The article surveys the current literature and attempts a mostly comprehensive coverage of present day knowledge and concepts on Prx mechanism, regulation, and function and thus on the whole Prx systems in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Lindahl M, Mata-Cabana A, Kieselbach T. The disulfide proteome and other reactive cysteine proteomes: analysis and functional significance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:2581-642. [PMID: 21275844 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ten years ago, proteomics techniques designed for large-scale investigations of redox-sensitive proteins started to emerge. The proteomes, defined as sets of proteins containing reactive cysteines that undergo oxidative post-translational modifications, have had a particular impact on research concerning the redox regulation of cellular processes. These proteomes, which are hereafter termed "disulfide proteomes," have been studied in nearly all kingdoms of life, including animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Disulfide proteomics has been applied to the identification of proteins modified by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species under stress conditions. Other studies involving disulfide proteomics have addressed the functions of thioredoxins and glutaredoxins. Hence, there is a steadily growing number of proteins containing reactive cysteines, which are probable targets for redox regulation. The disulfide proteomes have provided evidence that entire pathways, such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the Calvin-Benson cycle, are controlled by mechanisms involving changes in the cysteine redox state of each enzyme implicated. Synthesis and degradation of proteins are processes highly represented in disulfide proteomes and additional biochemical data have established some mechanisms for their redox regulation. Thus, combined with biochemistry and genetics, disulfide proteomics has a significant potential to contribute to new discoveries on redox regulation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Lindahl
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Seville, Spain
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Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are central elements of the antioxidant defense system and the dithiol-disulfide redox regulatory network of the plant and cyanobacterial cell. They employ a thiol-based catalytic mechanism to reduce H2O2, alkylhydroperoxide, and peroxinitrite. In plants and cyanobacteria, there exist 2-CysPrx, 1-CysPrx, PrxQ, and type II Prx. Higher plants typically contain at least one plastid 2-CysPrx, one nucleo-cytoplasmic 1-CysPrx, one chloroplast PrxQ, and one each of cytosolic, mitochondrial, and plastidic type II Prx. Cyanobacteria express variable sets of three or more Prxs. The catalytic cycle consists of three steps: (i) peroxidative reduction, (ii) resolving step, and (iii) regeneration using diverse electron donors such as thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, cyclophilins, glutathione, and ascorbic acid. Prx proteins undergo major conformational changes in dependence of their redox state. Thus, they not only modulate cellular reactive oxygen species- and reactive nitrogen species-dependent signaling, but depending on the Prx type they sense the redox state, transmit redox information to binding partners, and function as chaperone. They serve in context of photosynthesis and respiration, but also in metabolism and development of all tissues, for example, in nodules as well as during seed and fruit development. The article surveys the current literature and attempts a mostly comprehensive coverage of present day knowledge and concepts on Prx mechanism, regulation, and function and thus on the whole Prx systems in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Finkemeier I, Laxa M, Miguet L, Howden AJM, Sweetlove LJ. Proteins of diverse function and subcellular location are lysine acetylated in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 155:1779-90. [PMID: 21311031 PMCID: PMC3091095 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.171595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation of the ε-amino group of lysine (Lys) is a reversible posttranslational modification recently discovered to be widespread, occurring on proteins outside the nucleus, in most subcellular locations in mammalian cells. Almost nothing is known about this modification in plants beyond the well-studied acetylation of histone proteins in the nucleus. Here, we report that Lys acetylation in plants also occurs on organellar and cytosolic proteins. We identified 91 Lys-acetylated sites on 74 proteins of diverse functional classes. Furthermore, our study suggests that Lys acetylation may be an important posttranslational modification in the chloroplast, since four Calvin cycle enzymes were acetylated. The plastid-encoded large subunit of Rubisco stands out because of the large number of acetylated sites occurring at important Lys residues that are involved in Rubisco tertiary structure formation and catalytic function. Using the human recombinant deacetylase sirtuin 3, it was demonstrated that Lys deacetylation significantly affects Rubisco activity as well as the activities of other central metabolic enzymes, such as the Calvin cycle enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase, the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme malate dehydrogenase. Our results demonstrate that Lys acetylation also occurs on proteins outside the nucleus in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and that Lys acetylation could be important in the regulation of key metabolic enzymes.
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Dietz KJ, Jacquot JP, Harris G. Hubs and bottlenecks in plant molecular signalling networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 188:919-38. [PMID: 20958306 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Conditional control of plant cell function and development relies on appropriate signal perception, signal integration and processing. The development of high throughput technologies such as proteomics and interactomics has enabled the identification of protein interaction networks that mediate signal processing from inputs to appropriate outputs. Such networks can be depicted in graphical representations using nodes and edges allowing for the immediate visualization and analysis of the network's topology. Hubs are network elements characterized by many edges (often degree grade k ≥ 5) which confer a degree of topological importance to them. The review introduces the concept of networks, hubs and bottlenecks and describes four examples from plant science in more detail, namely hubs in the redox regulatory network of the chloroplast with ferredoxin, thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, in mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signal processing, in photomorphogenesis with the COP9 signalosome, COP1 and CDD, and monomeric GTPase function. Some guidance is provided to appropriate internet resources, web repositories, databases and their use. Plant networks can be generated from existing public databases and this type of analysis is valuable in support of existing hypotheses, or to allow for the generation of new concepts or ideas. However, intensive manual curating of in silico networks is still always necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Dietz
- Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
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Domingues MN, De Souza TA, Cernadas RA, de Oliveira MLP, Docena C, Farah CS, Benedetti CE. The Xanthomonas citri effector protein PthA interacts with citrus proteins involved in nuclear transport, protein folding and ubiquitination associated with DNA repair. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2010; 11:663-75. [PMID: 20696004 PMCID: PMC6640223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00636.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri utilizes the type III effector protein PthA to modulate host transcription to promote citrus canker. PthA proteins belong to the AvrBs3/PthA family and carry a domain comprising tandem repeats of 34 amino acids that mediates protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. We show here that variants of PthAs from a single bacterial strain localize to the nucleus of plant cells and form homo- and heterodimers through the association of their repeat regions. We hypothesize that the PthA variants might also interact with distinct host targets. Here, in addition to the interaction with alpha-importin, known to mediate the nuclear import of AvrBs3, we describe new interactions of PthAs with citrus proteins involved in protein folding and K63-linked ubiquitination. PthAs 2 and 3 preferentially interact with a citrus cyclophilin (Cyp) and with TDX, a tetratricopeptide domain-containing thioredoxin. In addition, PthAs 2 and 3, but not 1 and 4, interact with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex formed by Ubc13 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant (Uev), required for K63-linked ubiquitination and DNA repair. We show that Cyp, TDX and Uev interact with each other, and that Cyp and Uev localize to the nucleus of plant cells. Furthermore, the citrus Ubc13 and Uev proteins complement the DNA repair phenotype of the yeast Deltaubc13 and Deltamms2/uev1a mutants, strongly indicating that they are also involved in K63-linked ubiquitination and DNA repair. Notably, PthA 2 affects the growth of yeast cells in the presence of a DNA damage agent, suggesting that it inhibits K63-linked ubiquitination required for DNA repair.
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