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Braga MV, Pinto ZT, Queiroz MMDC, Blomquist GJ. Effect of age on cuticular hydrocarbon profiles in adult Chrysomya putoria (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Forensic Sci Int 2016; 259:e37-47. [PMID: 26775199 PMCID: PMC5295841 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A species-specific complex mixture of highly stable cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) covers the external surface of all insects. Components can be readily analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to obtain a cuticular hydrocarbon profile, which may be used as an additional tool for the taxonomic differentiation of insect species and also for the determination of the age and sex of adult and immature forms. We used GC-MS to identify and quantify the CHCs of female and male Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1818) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from one to five days old. CHCs ranged from C21 to C35 for females and from C21 to C37 in males. Major compounds were the same for both sexes and were 2-MeC28, C29:1, n-C29, 15-,13-MeC29, 2-MeC30, C31:1, n-C31 and 15-,13-MeC31. The relative abundance of each component, however, varied with age. Cluster Analysis using Bray-Curtis measure for abundance showed that cuticular hydrocarbon profiles are a strong and useful tool for the determination of age in adult C. putoria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vianna Braga
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Herman Lent, sala 14, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Zeneida Teixeira Pinto
- Laboratório de Educação Ambiental e em Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Lauro Travassos, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Margareth Maria de Carvalho Queiroz
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Herman Lent, sala 14, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil; Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Severino Sombra, Av. Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, RJ 27700-000, Brazil.
| | - Gary James Blomquist
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CABNR, University of Nevada, Reno, MS330, 1664 North Virginia St, Office 162/145 Howard Medical Building, Reno, NV, USA.
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Braga MV, Pinto ZT, de Carvalho Queiroz MM, Matsumoto N, Blomquist GJ. Cuticular hydrocarbons as a tool for the identification of insect species: puparial cases from Sarcophagidae. Acta Trop 2013; 128:479-85. [PMID: 23932943 PMCID: PMC3839396 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The external surface of all insects is covered by a species-specific complex mixture of highly stable, very long chain cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify CHCs from four species of Sarcophagidae, Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma, Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans, Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis and Sarcodexia lambens. The identified CHCs were mostly a mixture of n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with linear chain lengths varying from 23 to 33 carbons. Only two alkenes were found in all four species. S. lambens had a composition of CHCs with linear chain lengths varying from C23 to C33, while the other three species linear chain lengths from 24 to 31 carbons. n-Heptacosane, n-nonacosane and 3-methylnonacosane, n-triacontane and n-hentriacontane occurred in all four species. The results show that these hydrocarbon profiles may be used for the taxonomic differentiation of insect species and are a useful additional tool for taxonomic classification, especially when only parts of the insect specimen are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vianna Braga
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Herman Lent, sala 14, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Zeneida Teixeira Pinto
- Laboratório de Educação Ambiental e em Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Lauro Travassos, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Sciences, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Itaguaí, Brazil
| | - Margareth Maria de Carvalho Queiroz
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Herman Lent, sala 14, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Nana Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CABNR, University of Nevada, Reno, MS330, 1664 North Virginia Street, Office 162/145 Howard Medical Building, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Gary James Blomquist
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CABNR, University of Nevada, Reno, MS330, 1664 North Virginia Street, Office 162/145 Howard Medical Building, Reno, NV, USA
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