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Amberger DC, Schmetzer HM. Dendritic Cells of Leukemic Origin: Specialized Antigen-Presenting Cells as Potential Treatment Tools for Patients with Myeloid Leukemia. Transfus Med Hemother 2021; 47:432-443. [PMID: 33442338 DOI: 10.1159/000512452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high-grade myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is limited due to the lack of therapy options and high relapse rates. Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy seems to be a promising treatment tool. DC are potent antigen-presenting cells and play a pivotal role on the interface of the innate and the adaptive immune system. Myeloid leukemia blasts can be converted to DC of leukemic origin (DCleu), expressing costimulatory molecules along with the whole leukemic antigen repertoire of individual patients. These generated DCleu are potent stimulators of various immune reactive cells and increase antileukemic immunity ex vivo. Here we review the generating process of DC/DCleu from leukemic peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as directly from leukemic whole blood with "minimized" Kits to simulate physiological conditions ex vivo. The purpose of adoptive cell transfer of DC/DCleu as a vaccination strategy is discussed. A new potential therapy option with Kits for patients with myeloid leukemia, which would render an adoptive DC/DCleu transfer unnecessary, is presented. In summary, DC/DCleu-based therapies seem to be promising treatment tools for patients with AML or MDS but ongoing research including trials in animals and humans have to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helga Maria Schmetzer
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Hematopoetic Cell Transplantation, Munich, Germany
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Sonpavde G, McMannis JD, Bai Y, Seethammagari MR, Bull JMC, Hawkins V, Dancsak TK, Lapteva N, Levitt JM, Moseley A, Spencer DM, Slawin KM. Phase I trial of antigen-targeted autologous dendritic cell-based vaccine with in vivo activation of inducible CD40 for advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:1345-1357. [PMID: 28608115 PMCID: PMC11029714 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This phase I trial reports the safety and activity of BPX101, a second-generation antigen-targeted autologous antigen presenting cell (APC) vaccine in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). To manufacture BPX101, APCs collected in a single leukapheresis were transduced with adenoviral vector Ad5f35 encoding inducible human (ih)-CD40, followed by incubation with protein PA001, which contains the extracellular domain of human prostate-specific membrane antigen. The ih-CD40 represents a modified chimeric version of the dendritic cell (DC) co-stimulatory molecule, CD40, which responds to a bioinert membrane-permeable activating dimerizer drug, rimiducid (AP1903), permitting temporally controlled, lymphoid-localized, DC-specific activation. Eighteen men with progressive mCRPC following ≤1 prior chemotherapy regimen were enrolled to evaluate three doses of BPX101 (4 × 106, 12.5 × 106 and 25 × 106 cells) administered intradermally every 2-4 weeks followed by rimiducid (0.4 mg/kg) intravenous (IV) infusion 24 h after each BPX101 dose. There were no dose-limiting toxicities. Immune upregulation as well as anti-tumor activity was observed with PSA declines, objective tumor regressions and robust efficacy of post-trial therapy. This novel antigen-targeted and in vivo activated immunotherapy platform may warrant further development as monotherapy and as a component of rational combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S., NP2540B, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - John D McMannis
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Mesoblast Ltd, Houston, TX, 35294, USA
| | - Yu Bai
- The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Joan M C Bull
- The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victoria Hawkins
- The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theresa K Dancsak
- The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Natasha Lapteva
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan M Levitt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Decker WK, Safdar A. Dendritic cell vaccines for the immunocompromised patient: prevention of influenza virus infection. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 9:721-30. [DOI: 10.1586/erv.10.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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van den Ancker W, van Luijn MM, Westers TM, Bontkes HJ, Ruben JM, de Gruijl TD, Ossenkoppele GJ, van de Loosdrecht AA. Recent advances in antigen-loaded dendritic cell-based strategies for treatment of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia. Immunotherapy 2010; 2:69-83. [PMID: 20635890 DOI: 10.2217/imt.09.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccination with dendritic cells (DCs) is recognized as an important experimental therapy for the treatment of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia. Many sources of leukemia-associated antigens and different methods for antigen loading of DCs have been used in an attempt to optimize anti-tumor responses. For instance, monocyte-derived DCs have been loaded with apoptotic whole-cell suspensions, necrotic cell lysates, tumor-associated peptides, eluted peptides and cellular DNA or RNA. Furthermore, monocyte-derived DCs can be chemically or electrically fused with leukemic blasts, and DCs have been cultured out of leukemic blasts. However, it remains a challenge in cancer immunotherapy to identify which of these methods is the most optimal for antigen loading and activation of DCs. This review discusses recent advances in DC research and the application of this knowledge towards new strategies for antigen loading of DCs in the treatment of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemijn van den Ancker
- Department of Hematology, VU Institute for Cancer & Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Palmer LA, Sale GE, Balogun JI, Li D, Jones D, Molldrem JJ, Storb RF, Ma Q. Chemokine receptor CCR5 mediates alloimmune responses in graft-versus-host disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010; 16:311-9. [PMID: 20025985 PMCID: PMC3182111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is an effective therapy for hematologic malignancies. However graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major limiting factor for a successful patient outcome. GVHD is a result of alloimmune responses of donor T lymphocytes attacking the recipient's cells and tissues. Chemokine receptor CCR5 plays a role in solid organ allograft rejection and mediates murine GVHD pathogenesis. Herein, we report that infiltrating lymphocytes in the skin of human acute GVHD (aGVHD) samples are predominantly CCR5(+) T cells. In addition, we characterized the features of the CCR5 expression on alloreactive T lymphocytes. We found that the CCR5(+) population exhibits the characteristics of the activated effector T cell phenotype. CCR5 expression is upregulated upon allogenic stimulation, and CCR5(+) cells are proliferating with coexpression of T cell activation markers. Furthermore, the activated T cells producing inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, interleukin (IL)-2, or interferon (IFN)-gamma, are positive for CCR5. Thus, CCR5 is a marker for GVHD effector cells and CCR5(+) T cells are active participants in the pathogenesis of human aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Palmer
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - George E. Sale
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - John I. Balogun
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Dan Li
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Dan Jones
- Department of Hemapathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jeffrey J. Molldrem
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Rainer F. Storb
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Qing Ma
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
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Smits ELJM, Berneman ZN, Van Tendeloo VFI. Immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia: current approaches. Oncologist 2009; 14:240-52. [PMID: 19289488 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2008-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Following standard therapy that consists of chemotherapy with or without stem cell transplantation, both relapsed and refractory disease shorten the survival of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Therefore, additional treatment options are urgently needed, especially to fight residual AML cells. The identification of leukemia-associated antigens and the observation that administration of allogeneic T cells can mediate a graft-versus-leukemia effect paved the way to the development of active and passive immunotherapy strategies, respectively. The aim of these strategies is the eradication of AML cells by the immune system. In this review, an overview is provided of both active and passive immunotherapy strategies that are under investigation or in use for the treatment of AML. For each strategy, a critical view on the state of the art is given and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien L J M Smits
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VIDI), Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Westers TM, Ossenkoppele GJ, van de Loosdrecht AA. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy in acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2007; 61:306-14. [PMID: 17368821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of residual leukaemia cells in acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia will eventually lead to a relapse of the disease. Dendritic cell-based vaccines might constitute a therapeutic option for leukaemia patients to control or eradicate minimal residual disease. Dendritic cells have the unique property to stimulate naïve T cells. In a majority of the myeloid leukaemia patients these cells can be generated directly from leukaemia cells, although several factors hamper the feasibility of this approach. Other options are being explored to make active specific DC-based immunotherapy in leukaemia more broadly applicable. This review summarises data on active specific DC-based immunotherapy in acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia and discusses current optimisation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia M Westers
- Department of Haematology, VU University Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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