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Liang S, Duan Z, He X, Yang X, Yuan Y, Liang Q, Pan Y, Zhou G, Zhang M, Liu S, Tian Z. Natural variation in GmSW17 controls seed size in soybean. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7417. [PMID: 39198482 PMCID: PMC11358545 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Seed size/weight plays an important role in determining crop yield, yet only few genes controlling seed size have been characterized in soybean. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study and identify a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named GmSW17 (Seed Width 17), on chromosome 17 that determine soybean seed width/weight in natural population. GmSW17 encodes a ubiquitin-specific protease, an ortholog to UBP22, belonging to the ubiquitin-specific protease (USPs/UBPs) family. Further functional investigations reveal that GmSW17 interacts with GmSGF11 and GmENY2 to form a deubiquitinase (DUB) module, which influences H2Bub levels and negatively regulates the expression of GmDP-E2F-1, thereby inhibiting the G1-to-S transition. Population analysis demonstrates that GmSW17 undergo artificial selection during soybean domestication but has not been fixed in modern breeding. In summary, our study identifies a predominant gene related to soybean seed weight, providing potential advantages for high-yield breeding in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xuemei He
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianjin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shulin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhixi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Hu Y, Liu Y, Wei JJ, Zhang WK, Chen SY, Zhang JS. Regulation of seed traits in soybean. ABIOTECH 2023; 4:372-385. [PMID: 38106437 PMCID: PMC10721594 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is an essential economic crop that provides vegetative oil and protein for humans, worldwide. Increasing soybean yield as well as improving seed quality is of great importance. Seed weight/size, oil and protein content are the three major traits determining seed quality, and seed weight also influences soybean yield. In recent years, the availability of soybean omics data and the development of related techniques have paved the way for better research on soybean functional genomics, providing a comprehensive understanding of gene functions. This review summarizes the regulatory genes that influence seed size/weight, oil content and protein content in soybean. We also provided a general overview of the pleiotropic effect for the genes in controlling seed traits and environmental stresses. Ultimately, it is expected that this review will be beneficial in breeding improved traits in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jun-Jie Wei
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Wan-Ke Zhang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Shou-Yi Chen
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Jin-Song Zhang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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3
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Tayade R, Imran M, Ghimire A, Khan W, Nabi RBS, Kim Y. Molecular, genetic, and genomic basis of seed size and yield characteristics in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1195210. [PMID: 38034572 PMCID: PMC10684784 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1195210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is a crucial oilseed cash crop grown worldwide and consumed as oil, protein, and food by humans and feed by animals. Comparatively, soybean seed yield is lower than cereal crops, such as maize, rice, and wheat, and the demand for soybean production does not keep up with the increasing consumption level. Therefore, increasing soybean yield per unit area is the most crucial breeding objective and is challenging for the scientific community. Moreover, yield and associated traits are extensively researched in cereal crops, but little is known about soybeans' genetics, genomics, and molecular regulation of yield traits. Soybean seed yield is a complex quantitative trait governed by multiple genes. Understanding the genetic and molecular processes governing closely related attributes to seed yield is crucial to increasing soybean yield. Advances in sequencing technologies have made it possible to conduct functional genomic research to understand yield traits' genetic and molecular underpinnings. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in the genetic regulation of seed size in soybean, molecular, genetics, and genomic bases of yield, and related key seed yield traits. In addition, phytohormones, such as auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid, regulate seed size and yield. Hence, we also highlight the implications of these factors, challenges in soybean yield, and seed trait improvement. The information reviewed in this study will help expand the knowledge base and may provide the way forward for developing high-yielding soybean cultivars for future food demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Tayade
- Upland Field Machinery Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Division of Biosafety, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Jeollabul-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Amit Ghimire
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Waleed Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Rizwana Begum Syed Nabi
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonha Kim
- Upland Field Machinery Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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4
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Yao Y, Xiong E, Qu X, Li J, Liu H, Quan L, Lu W, Zhu X, Chen M, Li K, Chen X, Lian Y, Lu W, Zhang D, Zhou X, Chu S, Jiao Y. WGCNA and transcriptome profiling reveal hub genes for key development stage seed size/oil content between wild and cultivated soybean. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:494. [PMID: 37641045 PMCID: PMC10463976 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean is one of the most important oil crops in the world. The domestication of wild soybean has resulted in significant changes in the seed oil content and seed size of cultivated soybeans. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of seed formation and oil content accumulation, WDD01514 (E1), ZYD00463 (E2), and two extreme progenies (E23 and E171) derived from RILs were used for weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) combined with transcriptome analysis. RESULTS In this study, both seed weight and oil content in E1 and E171 were significantly higher than those in E2 and E23, and 20 DAF and 30 DAF may be key stages of soybean seed oil content accumulation and weight increase. Pathways such as "Photosynthesis", "Carbon metabolism", and "Fatty acid metabolism", were involved in oil content accumulation and grain formation between wild and cultivated soybeans at 20 and 30 DAF according to RNA-seq analysis. A total of 121 oil content accumulation and 189 seed formation candidate genes were screened from differentially expressed genes. WGCNA identified six modules related to seed oil content and seed weight, and 76 candidate genes were screened from modules and network. Among them, 16 genes were used for qRT-PCR and tissue specific expression pattern analysis, and their expression-levels in 33-wild and 23-cultivated soybean varieties were subjected to correlation analysis; some key genes were verified as likely to be involved in oil content accumulation and grain formation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results contribute to an understanding of seed lipid metabolism and seed size during seed development, and identify potential functional genes for improving soybean yield and seed oil quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
- Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Erhui Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xuelian Qu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Leipo Quan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Wenyan Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xuling Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ke Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yun Lian
- Zhengzhou Subcenter of National Soybean Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai Valleys of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Zhengzhou Subcenter of National Soybean Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai Valleys of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Shanshan Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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Zhu M, Zang Y, Zhang X, Shang S, Xue S, Chen J, Tang X. Insights into the regulation of energy metabolism during the seed-to-seedling transition in marine angiosperm Zostera marina L.: Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1130292. [PMID: 36968358 PMCID: PMC10036900 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1130292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Seed development is a crucial phase in the life cycle of seed-propagated plants. As the only group of angiosperms that evolved from terrestrial plants to complete their life cycle submerged in marine environments, the mechanisms underlying seed development in seagrasses are still largely unknown. In the present study, we attempted to combine transcriptomic, metabolomic, and physiological data to comprehensively analyze the molecular mechanism that regulates energy metabolism in Zostera marina seeds at the four major developmental stages. Our results demonstrated that seed metabolism was reprogrammed with significant alteration of starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), and the pentose phosphate pathway during the transition from seed formation to seedling establishment. The interconversion of starch and sugar provided energy storage substances in mature seeds and further acted as energy sources to support seed germination and seedling growth. The glycolysis pathway was active during Z. marina germination and seedling establishment, which provided pyruvate for TCA cycle by decomposing soluble sugar. Notably, the biological processes of glycolysis were severely inhibited during Z. marina seed maturation may have a positive effect on seed germination, maintaining a low level of metabolic activity during seed maturation to preserve seed viability. Increased acetyl-CoA and ATP contents were accompanied with the higher TCA cycle activity during seed germination and seedling establishment, indicating that the accumulations of precursor and intermediates metabolite that can strengthen the TCA cycle and facilitate energy supply for Z. marina seed germination and seedling growth. The large amount of oxidatively generated sugar phosphate promotes fructose 1,6-bisphosphate synthesis to feed back to glycolysis during seed germination, indicating that the pentose phosphate pathway not only provides energy for germination, but also complements the glycolytic pathway. Collectively, our findings suggest these energy metabolism pathways cooperate with each other in the process of seed transformation from maturity to seedling establishment, transforming seed from storage tissue to highly active metabolic tissue to meet the energy requirement seed development. These findings provide insights into the roles of the energy metabolism pathway in the complete developmental process of Z. marina seeds from different perspectives, which could facilitate habitat restoration of Z. marina meadows via seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Zang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuelei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Shang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Song Xue
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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6
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Duan Z, Li Q, Wang H, He X, Zhang M. Genetic regulatory networks of soybean seed size, oil and protein contents. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1160418. [PMID: 36959925 PMCID: PMC10028097 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1160418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a leading oilseed crop that supplies plant oil and protein for daily human life, increasing yield and improving nutritional quality (high oil or protein) are the top two fundamental goals of soybean breeding. Seed size is one of the most critical factors determining soybean yield. Seed size, oil and protein contents are complex quantitative traits governed by genetic and environmental factors during seed development. The composition and quantity of seed storage reserves directly affect seed size. In general, oil and protein make up almost 60% of the total storage of soybean seed. Therefore, soybean's seed size, oil, or protein content are highly correlated agronomical traits. Increasing seed size helps increase soybean yield and probably improves seed quality. Similarly, rising oil and protein contents improves the soybean's nutritional quality and will likely increase soybean yield. Due to the importance of these three seed traits in soybean breeding, extensive studies have been conducted on their underlying quantitative trait locus (QTLs) or genes and the dissection of their molecular regulatory pathways. This review summarized the progress in functional genome controlling soybean seed size, oil and protein contents in recent decades, and presented the challenges and prospects for developing high-yield soybean cultivars with high oil or protein content. In the end, we hope this review will be helpful to the improvement of soybean yield and quality in the future breeding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbiao Duan
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Rahman SU, McCoy E, Raza G, Ali Z, Mansoor S, Amin I. Improvement of Soybean; A Way Forward Transition from Genetic Engineering to New Plant Breeding Technologies. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:162-180. [PMID: 35119645 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is considered one of the important crops among legumes. Due to high nutritional contents in seed (proteins, sugars, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids), soybean is used globally for food, feed, and fuel. The primary consumption of soybean is vegetable oil and feed for chickens and livestock. Apart from this, soybean benefits soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen through root nodular bacteria. While conventional breeding is practiced for soybean improvement, with the advent of new biotechnological methods scientists have also engineered soybean to improve different traits (herbicide, insect, and disease resistance) to fulfill consumer requirements and to meet the global food deficiency. Genetic engineering (GE) techniques such as transgenesis and gene silencing help to minimize the risks and increase the adaptability of soybean. Recently, new plant breeding technologies (NPBTs) emerged such as zinc-finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9), which paved the way for enhanced genetic modification of soybean. These NPBTs have the potential to improve soybean via gene functional characterization precision genome engineering for trait improvement. Importantly, these NPBTs address the ethical and public acceptance issues related to genetic modifications and transgenesis in soybean. In the present review, we summarized the improvement of soybean through GE and NPBTs. The valuable traits that have been improved through GE for different constraints have been discussed. Moreover, the traits that have been improved through NPBTs and potential targets for soybean improvements via NPBTs and solutions for ethical and public acceptance are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Ur Rahman
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Evan McCoy
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies (CAGT), University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Ghulam Raza
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Ali
- Laboratory for Genome Engineering, Center for Desert Agriculture and Division of Biological Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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8
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Dong Y, Feng ZQ, Ye F, Li T, Li GL, Li ZS, Hao YC, Zhang XH, Liu WX, Xue JQ, Xu ST. Genome-wide association analysis for grain moisture content and dehydration rate on maize hybrids. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:5. [PMID: 37312866 PMCID: PMC10248682 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For mechanized maize production, a low grain water content (GWC) at harvest is necessary. However, as a complex quantitative trait, understand the genetic mechanism of GWC remains a large gap, especially in hybrids. In this study, a hybrid population through two environments including 442 F1 was used for genome-wide association analysis of GWC and the grain dehydration rate (GDR), using the area under the dry down curve (AUDDC) as the index. Then, we identified 19 and 17 associated SNPs for GWC and AUDDC, including 10 co-localized SNPs, along with 64 and 77 pairs of epistatic SNPs for GWC and AUDDC, respectively. These loci could explain 11.39-68.2% of the total phenotypic variation for GWC and 41.07-67.02% for AUDDC at different stages, whose major effect was the additive and epistatic effect. By exploring the candidate genes around the significant sites, a total of 398 and 457 possible protein-coding genes were screened, including autophagy pathway and auxin regulation-related genes, and five inbred lines with the potential to reduce GWC in the combined F1 hybrid were identified. Our research not only provides a certain reference for the genetic mechanism analysis of GWC in hybrids but also provides an added reference for breeding low-GWC materials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01349-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhi-qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Fan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Guo-liang Li
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhou-Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yin-chuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xing-hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Wen-xin Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ji-quan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Shu-tu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
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9
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Liu C, Hu S, Liu S, Shi W, Xie D, Chen Q, Sun H, Song L, Li Z, Jiang R, Lv D, Wang J, Liu X. Functional characterization of a cell wall invertase inhibitor StInvInh1 revealed its involvement in potato microtuber size in vitro. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1015815. [PMID: 36262645 PMCID: PMC9574400 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall invertase (CWI) is as an essential coordinator in carbohydrate partitioning and sink strength determination, thereby playing key roles in plant development. Emerging evidence revealed that the subtle regulation of CWI activity considerably depends on the post-translational mechanism by their inhibitors (INHs). In our previous research, two putative INHs (StInvInh1 and StInvInh3) were expected as targets of CWI in potato (Solanum tubersum), a model species of tuberous plants. Here, transcript analysis revealed that StInvInh1 showed an overall higher expression than StInhInh3 in all tested organs. Then, StInvInh1 was further selected to study. In accordance with this, the activity of StInvInh1 promoter increased with the development of leaves in plantlets but decreased with the development of microtubers in vitro and mainly appeared in vascular bundle. The recombinant protein StInvInh1 displayed inhibitory activities on the extracted CWI in vitro and StInvInh1 interacted with a CWI StcwINV2 in vivo by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Furthermore, silencing StInvInh1 in potato dramatically increased the CWI activity without changing activities of vacuolar and cytoplasmic invertase, indicating that StInvInh1 functions as a typical INH of CWI. Releasing CWI activity in StInvInh1 RNA interference transgenic potato led to improvements in potato microtuber size in coordination with higher accumulations of dry matter in vitro. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that StInvInh1 encodes an INH of CWI and regulates the microtuber development process through fine-tuning apoplastic sucrose metabolism, which may provide new insights into tuber development.
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10
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Duan Z, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Liang S, Fan L, Yang X, Yuan Y, Pan Y, Zhou G, Liu S, Tian Z. Natural allelic variation of GmST05 controlling seed size and quality in soybean. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1807-1818. [PMID: 35642379 PMCID: PMC9398382 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Seed size is one of the most important agronomic traits determining the yield of crops. Cloning the key genes controlling seed size and pyramiding their elite alleles will facilitate yield improvement. To date, few genes controlling seed size have been identified in soybean, a major crop that provides half of the plant oil and one quarter of the plant protein globally. Here, through a genome-wide association study of over 1800 soybean accessions, we determined that natural allelic variation at GmST05 (Seed Thickness 05) predominantly controlled seed thickness and size in soybean germplasm. Further analyses suggested that the two major haplotypes of GmST05 differed significantly at the transcriptional level. Transgenic experiments demonstrated that GmST05 positively regulated seed size and influenced oil and protein contents, possibly by regulating the transcription of GmSWEET10a. Population genetic diversity analysis suggested that allelic variations of GmST05 were selected during geographical differentiation but have not been fixed. In summary, natural variation in GmST05 determines transcription levels and influences seed size and quality in soybean, making it an important gene resource for soybean molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbiao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yaqin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guoan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhixi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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11
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Zhou X, Wang D, Mao Y, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Zhang C, Liu Y, Chen J. The Organ Size and Morphological Change During the Domestication Process of Soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:913238. [PMID: 35755657 PMCID: PMC9221068 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.913238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is one of the most important legume crops that can provide the rich source of protein and oil for human beings and livestock. In the twenty-one century, the total production of soybean is seriously behind the needs of a growing world population. Cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was domesticated from wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. and Zucc.) with the significant morphology and organ size changes in China around 5,000 years ago, including twisted stems to erect stems, small seeds to large seeds. Then it was spread worldwide to become one of the most popular and important crops. The release of the reference soybean genome and omics data provides powerful tools for researchers and breeders to dissect the functional genes and apply the germplasm in their work. Here, we summarized the function genes related to yield traits and organ size in soybean, including stem growth habit, leaf size and shape, seed size and weight. In addition, we also summarized the selection of organ traits during soybean domestication. In the end, we also discussed the application of new technology including the gene editing on the basic research and breeding of soybean, and the challenges and research hotspots in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfa Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yawen Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueqiong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Chunbao Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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12
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Coculo D, Lionetti V. The Plant Invertase/Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Superfamily. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863892. [PMID: 35401607 PMCID: PMC8990755 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Invertases (INVs) and pectin methylesterases (PMEs) are essential enzymes coordinating carbohydrate metabolism, stress responses, and sugar signaling. INVs catalyzes the cleavage of sucrose into glucose and fructose, exerting a pivotal role in sucrose metabolism, cellulose biosynthesis, nitrogen uptake, reactive oxygen species scavenging as well as osmotic stress adaptation. PMEs exert a dynamic control of pectin methylesterification to manage cell adhesion, cell wall porosity, and elasticity, as well as perception and signaling of stresses. INV and PME activities can be regulated by specific proteinaceous inhibitors, named INV inhibitors (INVIs) and PME Inhibitors (PMEIs). Despite targeting different enzymes, INVIs and PMEIs belong to the same large protein family named "Plant Invertase/Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Superfamily." INVIs and PMEIs, while showing a low aa sequence identity, they share several structural properties. The two inhibitors showed mainly alpha-helices in their secondary structure and both form a non-covalent 1:1 complex with their enzymatic counterpart. Some PMEI members are organized in a gene cluster with specific PMEs. Although the most important physiological information was obtained in Arabidopsis thaliana, there are now several characterized INVI/PMEIs in different plant species. This review provides an integrated and updated overview of this fascinating superfamily, from the specific activity of characterized isoforms to their specific functions in plant physiology. We also highlight INVI/PMEIs as biotechnological tools to control different aspects of plant growth and defense. Some isoforms are discussed in view of their potential applications to improve industrial processes. A review of the nomenclature of some isoforms is carried out to eliminate confusion about the identity and the names of some INVI/PMEI member. Open questions, shortcoming, and opportunities for future research are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “C. Darwin”, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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13
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Liu J, Xie H, Lin T, Tie C, Luo H, Yang B, Xiong D. Putative variants, genetic diversity and population structure among Soybean cultivars bred at different ages in Huang-Huai-Hai region. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2372. [PMID: 35149770 PMCID: PMC8837640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean cultivars bred in the Huang-Huai-Hai region (HR) are rich in pedigree information. To date, few reports have exposed the genetic variants, population structure and genetic diversity of cultivars in this region by making use of genome-wide resequencing data. To depict genetic variation, population structure and composition characteristics of genetic diversity, a sample of soybean population composed all by cultivars was constructed. We re-sequenced 181 soybean cultivar genomes with an average depth of 10.38×. In total, 11,185,589 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 2,520,208 insertion-deletions (InDels) were identified on all 20 chromosomes. A considerable number of putative variants existed in important genome regions that may have an incalculable influence on genes, which participated in momentous biological processes. All 181 varieties were divided into five subpopulations according to their breeding years, SA (1963-1980), SB (1983-1988), SC (1991-2000), SD (2001-2011), SE (2012-2017). PCA and population structure figured out that there was no obvious grouping trend. The LD semi-decay distances of sub-population D and E were 182 kb, and 227 kb, respectively. Sub-population A (SA) had the highest value of nucleotide polymorphism (π). With the passage of time, the nucleotide polymorphism of SB and SC decreased gradually, however that of SD and SE, opposite to SB and SC, gave a rapid up-climbing trend, which meant a sharp increase in genetic diversity during the latest 20 years, hinting that breeders may have different breeding goals in different breeding periods in HR. Analysis of the PIC statistics exhibited very similar results with π. The current study is to analyze the genetic variants and characterize the structure and genetic diversity of soybean cultivars bred in different decades in HR, and to provide a theoretical reference for other identical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liu
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Huimin Xie
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Lin
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Congxiao Tie
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Huolin Luo
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Boyun Yang
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongjin Xiong
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.
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14
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Zhang M, Liu S, Wang Z, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Liang Q, Yang X, Duan Z, Liu Y, Kong F, Liu B, Ren B, Tian Z. Progress in soybean functional genomics over the past decade. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:256-282. [PMID: 34388296 PMCID: PMC8753368 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is one of the most important oilseed and fodder crops. Benefiting from the efforts of soybean breeders and the development of breeding technology, large number of germplasm has been generated over the last 100 years. Nevertheless, soybean breeding needs to be accelerated to meet the needs of a growing world population, to promote sustainable agriculture and to address future environmental changes. The acceleration is highly reliant on the discoveries in gene functional studies. The release of the reference soybean genome in 2010 has significantly facilitated the advance in soybean functional genomics. Here, we review the research progress in soybean omics (genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics and proteomics), germplasm development (germplasm resources and databases), gene discovery (genes that are responsible for important soybean traits including yield, flowering and maturity, seed quality, stress resistance, nodulation and domestication) and transformation technology during the past decade. At the end, we also briefly discuss current challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yaqin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qianjin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zongbiao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yucheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baohui Liu
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bo Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhixi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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15
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Functional disruption of cell wall invertase inhibitor by genome editing increases sugar content of tomato fruit without decrease fruit weight. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21534. [PMID: 34728724 PMCID: PMC8563804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar content is one of the most important quality traits of tomato. Cell wall invertase promotes sucrose unloading in the fruit by maintaining a gradient of sucrose concentration between source leaves and fruits, while invertase inhibitor (INVINH) regulates this process. In this study, knock-out of cell wall INVINH in tomato (SlINVINH1) was performed by genome editing using, CRISPR/Cas9 and Target-AID technologies. Most of the genome-edited lines set higher soluble solid content (SSC) fruit than the original cultivar ‘Suzukoma’, while fruit weight was different among the genome-edited lines. From these genome-edited lines, three lines (193–3, 199–2, and 247–2), whose SSC was significantly higher than ‘Suzukoma’ and fruit weight were almost the same as the original cultivar, were selected. The fruit weight and overall plant growth of the two lines were comparable to those of the original cultivar. In contrast, the fructose and glucose contents in the mature fruits of the two lines were significantly higher than those of the original cultivar. The mature fruits of genome edited line 193–3 showed the highest sugar content, and the fructose and glucose contents were 29% and 36% higher than that of the original cultivar, respectively. Whole genome sequence data showed no off-target mutations in the genome-edited lines. Non-target metabolome analysis of mature fruits revealed that fructose was the highest loading factor in principal component analysis (PCA) between the genome-edited line and the original cultivar, and no unexpected metabolites appeared in the genome-edited line. In this study, we succeeded in producing tomato lines with high sugar content without a decrease in fruit weight and deterioration of plant growth by knock-out of SlINVINH1 using genome editing technology. This study showed that functional disruption of SlINVINH1 is an effective approach to produce tomato cultivars with high sugar content.
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16
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Su T, Zhou B, Cao D, Pan Y, Hu M, Zhang M, Wei H, Han M. Transcriptomic Profiling of Populus Roots Challenged with Fusarium Reveals Differential Responsive Patterns of Invertase and Invertase Inhibitor-Like Families within Carbohydrate Metabolism. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7020089. [PMID: 33513923 PMCID: PMC7911864 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium solani (Fs) is one of the notorious necrotrophic fungal pathogens that cause root rot and vascular wilt, accounting for the severe loss of Populus production worldwide. The plant-pathogen interactions have a strong molecular basis. As yet, the genomic information and transcriptomic profiling on the attempted infection of Fs remain unavailable in a woody model species, Populus trichocarpa. We used a full RNA-seq transcriptome to investigate the molecular interactions in the roots with a time-course infection at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation (hpi) of Fs. Concomitantly, the invertase and invertase inhibitor-like gene families were further analyzed, followed by the experimental evaluation of their expression patterns using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and enzyme assay. The magnitude profiles of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed at 72 hpi inoculation. Approximately 839 genes evidenced a reception and transduction of pathogen signals, a large transcriptional reprogramming, induction of hormone signaling, activation of pathogenesis-related genes, and secondary and carbohydrate metabolism changes. Among these, a total of 63 critical genes that consistently appear during the entire interactions of plant-pathogen had substantially altered transcript abundance and potentially constituted suitable candidates as resistant genes in genetic engineering. These data provide essential clues in the developing new strategies of broadening resistance to Fs through transcriptional or translational modifications of the critical responsive genes within various analyzed categories (e.g., carbohydrate metabolism) in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Biyao Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuting Pan
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Mei Hu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-9598-9551
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17
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Wang X, Chen Y, Jiang S, Xu F, Wang H, Wei Y, Shao X. PpINH1, an invertase inhibitor, interacts with vacuolar invertase PpVIN2 in regulating the chilling tolerance of peach fruit. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:168. [PMID: 33082974 PMCID: PMC7527553 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose metabolism, particularly the decomposition of sucrose by invertase, plays a central role in plant responses to cold stress. Invertase inhibitors (INHs) evolved in higher plants as essential regulators of sucrose metabolism. By limiting invertase activity, INHs keep cellular sugar levels elevated, which provides enhanced protection to plants under stress. Our results showed that the expression of PpVIN2, the only vacuolar invertase (VIN) gene in peach fruit sensitive to chilling temperatures, increases significantly during cold storage, while VIN enzyme activity increases more modestly. We also found that peach fruit transiently overexpressing PpINH1 had decreased VIN activity. Interactions of PpINH1 and PpVIN2 with recombinant proteins were shown by yeast two-hybrid assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, as well as in vitro. During cold storage, trehalose-treated peach fruit had significantly increased PpINH1 expression, decreased VIN enzyme activity, and significantly higher sucrose content than did untreated fruit. As a result, the treated fruit had enhanced resistance to chilling injury. Collectively, our data show that the post-translational repression of VIN enzyme activity by PpINH1 helps maintain sucrose levels in peach fruit during cold storage, thereby improving resistance to chilling injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
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18
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Jammer A, Albacete A, Schulz B, Koch W, Weltmeier F, van der Graaff E, Pfeifhofer HW, Roitsch TG. Early-stage sugar beet taproot development is characterized by three distinct physiological phases. PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00221. [PMID: 32766510 PMCID: PMC7395582 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the agronomic importance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), the early-stage development of its taproot has only been poorly investigated. Thus, the mechanisms that determine growth and sugar accumulation in sugar beet are largely unknown. In the presented study, a physiological characterization of early-stage sugar beet taproot development was conducted. Activities were analyzed for fourteen key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in developing taproots over the first 80 days after sowing. In addition, we performed in situ localizations of selected carbohydrate-metabolic enzyme activities, anatomical investigations, and quantifications of soluble carbohydrates, hexose phosphates, and phytohormones. Based on the accumulation dynamics of biomass and sucrose, as well as on anatomical parameters, the early phase of taproot development could be subdivided into three stages-prestorage, transition, secondary growth and sucrose accumulation stage-each of which was characterized by distinct metabolic and phytohormonal signatures. The enzyme activity signatures corresponding to these stages were also shown to be robustly reproducible in experiments conducted in two additional locations. The results from this physiological phenotyping approach contribute to the identification of the key regulators of sugar beet taproot development and open up new perspectives for sugar beet crop improvement concerning both physiological marker-based breeding and biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jammer
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Department of Crop SciencesUFT TullnUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)TullnAustria
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Present address:
Department of Plant Production and AgrotechnologyInstitute for Agri‐Food Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA)MurciaSpain
| | | | | | | | - Eric van der Graaff
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesCopenhagen Plant Science CentreUniversity of CopenhagenTaastrupDenmark
- Present address:
Koppert Cress B.V.MonsterThe Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas G. Roitsch
- Department of Crop SciencesUFT TullnUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)TullnAustria
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesCopenhagen Plant Science CentreUniversity of CopenhagenTaastrupDenmark
- Department of Adaptive BiotechnologiesGlobal Change Research Institute CASBrnoCzech Republic
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19
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Yang W, Chen S, Cheng Y, Zhang N, Ma Y, Wang W, Tian H, Li Y, Hussain S, Wang S. Cell wall/vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase 1 regulates ABA response and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1744293. [PMID: 32213123 PMCID: PMC7194370 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1744293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ABA regulates abiotic stress tolerance in plants via activating/repressing gene expression. However, the functions of many ABA response genes remained unknown. C/VIFs are proteinaceous inhibitors of the CWI and VI invertases. We report here the involvement of C/VIF1 in regulating ABA response and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. We found that the expression level of C/VIF1 was increased in response to ABA treatment. By using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we generated transgene-free c/vif1 mutants. We also generated C/VIF1 overexpression plants by expressing C/VIF1 under the control of the 35S promoter. We examined ABA response of the 35S:C/VIF1 transgenic plants and the c/vif1 mutants by using seed germination and seedling greening assays, and found that the 35S:C/VIF1 transgenic plants showed an enhanced sensitivity to ABA treatment in both assays. On the other hand, the c/vif1 mutants showed slight enhanced tolerance to ABA only at the early stage of germination. We also found that salt tolerance was reduced in the 35S:C/VIF1 transgenic plants in seed germination assays, but slightly increased in the c/vif1 mutants. Taken together, our results suggest that C/VIF1 is an ABA response gene, and C/VIF1 is involved in the regulation of ABA response and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanxing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hainan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- CONTACT Shucai Wang School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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20
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Du Y, Zhao Q, Chen L, Yao X, Zhang H, Wu J, Xie F. Effect of Drought Stress during Soybean R2-R6 Growth Stages on Sucrose Metabolism in Leaf and Seed. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E618. [PMID: 31963537 PMCID: PMC7013680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose is the main photosynthesis product of plants and the fundamental carbon skeleton monomer and energy supply for seed formation and development. Drought stress induces decreased photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity, and seriously affects seed weight in soybean. However, little is known about the relationship between decreases in soybean seed yield and disruption of sucrose metabolism and transport balance in leaves and seeds during the reproductive stages of crop growth. Three soybean cultivars with similar growth periods, "Shennong17", "Shennong8", and "Shennong12", were subjected to drought stress during reproductive growth for 45 days. Drought stress significantly reduced leaf photosynthetic rate, shoot biomass, and seed weight by 63.93, 33.53, and 41.65%, respectively. Drought stress increased soluble sugar contents, the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and acid invertase enzymes, and up-regulated the expression levels of GmSPS1, GmSuSy2, and GmA-INV, but decreased starch content by 15.13% in leaves. Drought stress decreased the contents of starch, fructose, and glucose in seeds during the late seed filling stages, while it induced sucrose accumulation, which resulted in a decreased hexose-to-sucrose ratio. In developing seeds, the activities of sucrose synthesis and degradation enzymes, the expression levels of genes related to metabolism, and the expression levels of sucrose transporter genes were enhanced during early seed development under drought stress; however, under prolonged drought stress, all of them decreased. These results demonstrated that drought stress enhances the capacity for unloading sucrose into seeds and activated sucrose metabolism during early seed development. At the middle and late seed filling stages, sucrose flow from leaves to seeds was diminished, and the balance of sucrose metabolism was impaired in seeds, resulting in seed mass reduction. The different regulation strategies in sucrose allocation, metabolism, and transport during different seed development stages may be one of the physiological mechanisms for soybean plants to resist drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Du
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.D.); (Q.Z.); (L.C.); (X.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.D.); (Q.Z.); (L.C.); (X.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Liru Chen
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.D.); (Q.Z.); (L.C.); (X.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xingdong Yao
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.D.); (Q.Z.); (L.C.); (X.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.D.); (Q.Z.); (L.C.); (X.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China, Harbin 150086, China;
| | - Futi Xie
- Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.D.); (Q.Z.); (L.C.); (X.Y.); (H.Z.)
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21
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Mehdi C, Virginie L, Audrey G, Axelle B, Colette L, Hélène R, Elisabeth J, Fabienne G, Mathilde FA. Cell Wall Proteome of Wheat Grain Endosperm and Outer Layers at Two Key Stages of Early Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010239. [PMID: 31905787 PMCID: PMC6981528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell wall is an important compartment in grain cells that fulfills both structural and functional roles. It has a dynamic structure that is constantly modified during development and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Non-structural cell wall proteins (CWPs) are key players in the remodeling of the cell wall during events that punctuate the plant life. Here, a subcellular and quantitative proteomic approach was carried out to identify CWPs possibly involved in changes in cell wall metabolism at two key stages of wheat grain development: the end of the cellularization step and the beginning of storage accumulation. Endosperm and outer layers of wheat grain were analyzed separately as they have different origins (maternal and seed) and functions in grains. Altogether, 734 proteins with predicted signal peptides were identified (CWPs). Functional annotation of CWPs pointed out a large number of proteins potentially involved in cell wall polysaccharide remodeling. In the grain outer layers, numerous proteins involved in cutin formation or lignin polymerization were found, while an unexpected abundance of proteins annotated as plant invertase/pectin methyl esterase inhibitors were identified in the endosperm. In addition, numerous CWPs were accumulating in the endosperm at the grain filling stage, thus revealing strong metabolic activities in the cell wall during endosperm cell differentiation, while protein accumulation was more intense at the earlier stage of development in outer layers. Altogether, our work gives important information on cell wall metabolism during early grain development in both parts of the grain, namely the endosperm and outer layers. The wheat cell wall proteome is the largest cell wall proteome of a monocot species found so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherkaoui Mehdi
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Lollier Virginie
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Geairon Audrey
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Bouder Axelle
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Larré Colette
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Rogniaux Hélène
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Jamet Elisabeth
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France;
| | - Guillon Fabienne
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Francin-Allami Mathilde
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France; (C.M.); (L.V.); (G.A.); (B.A.); (L.C.); (R.H.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Singer SD, Soolanayakanahally RY, Foroud NA, Kroebel R. Biotechnological strategies for improved photosynthesis in a future of elevated atmospheric CO 2. PLANTA 2019; 251:24. [PMID: 31784816 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of photosynthesis using biotechnological approaches has been the focus of much research. It is now vital that these strategies be assessed under future atmospheric conditions. The demand for crop products is expanding at an alarming rate due to population growth, enhanced affluence, increased per capita calorie consumption, and an escalating need for plant-based bioproducts. While solving this issue will undoubtedly involve a multifaceted approach, improving crop productivity will almost certainly provide one piece of the puzzle. The improvement of photosynthetic efficiency has been a long-standing goal of plant biotechnologists as possibly one of the last remaining means of achieving higher yielding crops. However, the vast majority of these studies have not taken into consideration possible outcomes when these plants are grown long-term under the elevated CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) that will be evident in the not too distant future. Due to the considerable effect that CO2 levels have on the photosynthetic process, these assessments should become commonplace as a means of ensuring that research in this field focuses on the most effective approaches for our future climate scenarios. In this review, we discuss the main biotechnological research strategies that are currently underway with the aim of improving photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production/yields in the context of a future of e[CO2], as well as alternative approaches that may provide further photosynthetic benefits under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy D Singer
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada.
| | - Raju Y Soolanayakanahally
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Nora A Foroud
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Roland Kroebel
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
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23
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Lee DW, Lee SK, Rahman MM, Kim YJ, Zhang D, Jeon JS. The Role of Rice Vacuolar Invertase2 in Seed Size Control. Mol Cells 2019; 42:711-720. [PMID: 31607684 PMCID: PMC6821455 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sink strength optimizes sucrose import, which is fundamental to support developing seed grains and increase crop yields, including those of rice (Oryza sativa). In this regard, little is known about the function of vacuolar invertase (VIN) in controlling sink strength and thereby seed size. Here, in rice we analyzed mutants of two VINs, OsVIN1 and OsVIN2, to examine their role during seed development. In a phenotypic analysis of the T-DNA insertion mutants, only the OsVIN2 mutant osvin2-1 exhibited reduced seed size and grain weight. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the small seed grains of osvin2-1 can be attributed to a reduction in spikelet size. A significant decrease in VIN activity and hexose level in the osvin2-1 spikelets interfered with spikelet growth. In addition, significant reduction in starch and increase in sucrose, which are characteristic features of reduced turnover and flux of sucrose due to impaired sink strength, were evident in the pre-storage stage of osvin2-1 developing grains. In situ hybridization analysis found that expression of OsVIN2 was predominant in the endocarp of developing grains. A genetically complemented line with a native genomic clone of OsVIN2 rescued reduced VIN activity and seed size. Two additional mutants, osvin2-2 and osvin2-3 generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 method, exhibited phenotypes similar to those of osvin2-1 in spikelet and seed size, VIN activity, and sugar metabolites. These results clearly demonstrate an important role of OsVIN2 as sink strength modulator that is critical for the maintenance of sucrose flux into developing seed grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Woo Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
| | - Md Mizanor Rahman
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240,
China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240,
China
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
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24
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Su T, Han M, Min J, Zhou H, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Fang Y. Functional Characterization of Invertase Inhibitors PtC/VIF1 and 2 Revealed Their Involvements in the Defense Response to Fungal Pathogen in Populus trichocarpa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1654. [PMID: 31969894 PMCID: PMC6960229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) were considered to be essential coordinators in carbohydrate partitioning, sink strength determination, and stress responses. An increasing body of evidence revealed that the tight regulation of CWI and VI substantially depends on the post-translational mechanisms, which were mediated by small proteinaceous inhibitors (C/VIFs, Inhibitor of β-Fructosidases). As yet, the extensive survey of the molecular basis and biochemical property of C/VIFs remains largely unknown in black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray), a model species of woody plants. In the present work, we have initiated a systematic review of the genomic structures, phylogenies, cis-regulatory elements, and conserved motifs as well as the tissue-specific expression, resulting in the identification of 39 genes encoding C/VIF in poplar genome. We characterized two putative invertase inhibitors PtC/VIF1 and 2, showing predominant transcript levels in the roots and highly divergent responses to the selected stress cues including fusarium wilt, drought, ABA, wound, and senescence. In silico prediction of the signal peptide hinted us that they both likely had the apoplastic targets. Based on the experimental visualization via the transient and stable transformation assays, we confirmed that PtC/VIF1 and 2 indeed secreted to the extracellular compartments. Further validation of their recombinant enzymes revealed that they displayed the potent inhibitory affinities on the extracted CWI, supporting the patterns that act as the typical apoplastic invertase inhibitors. To our knowledge, it is the first report on molecular characterization of the functional C/VIF proteins in poplar. Our results indicate that PtC/VIF1 and 2 may exert essential roles in defense- and stress-related responses. Moreover, novel findings of the up- and downregulated C/VIF genes and functional enzyme activities enable us to further unravel the molecular mechanisms in the promotion of woody plant performance and adapted-biotic stress, underlying the homeostatic control of sugar in the apoplast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Han, ;
| | - Jie Min
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaiye Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Pereira L, Ruggieri V, Pérez S, Alexiou KG, Fernández M, Jahrmann T, Pujol M, Garcia-Mas J. QTL mapping of melon fruit quality traits using a high-density GBS-based genetic map. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:324. [PMID: 30509167 PMCID: PMC6278158 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1537-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melon shows a broad diversity in fruit morphology and quality, which is still underexploited in breeding programs. The knowledge of the genetic basis of fruit quality traits is important for identifying new alleles that may be introduced in elite material by highly efficient molecular breeding tools. RESULTS In order to identify QTLs controlling fruit quality, a recombinant inbred line population was developed using two commercial cultivars as parental lines: "Védrantais", from the cantalupensis group, and "Piel de Sapo", from the inodorus group. Both have desirable quality traits for the market, but their fruits differ in traits such as rind and flesh color, sugar content, ripening behavior, size and shape. We used a genotyping-by-sequencing strategy to construct a dense genetic map, which included around five thousand variants distributed in 824 bins. The RIL population was phenotyped for quality and morphology traits, and we mapped 33 stable QTLs involved in sugar and carotenoid content, fruit and seed morphology and major loci controlling external color of immature fruit and mottled rind. The median confidence interval of the QTLs was 942 kb, suggesting that the high density of the genetic map helped in increasing the mapping resolution. Some of these intervals contained less than a hundred annotated genes, and an integrative strategy combining gene expression and resequencing data enabled identification of candidate genes for some of these traits. CONCLUSION Several QTLs controlling fruit quality traits in melon were identified and delimited to narrow genomic intervals, using a RIL population and a GBS-based genetic map.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Pereira
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V. Ruggieri
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S. Pérez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K. G. Alexiou
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Fernández
- Semillas Fitó S.A., 08348 Cabrera de Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T. Jahrmann
- Semillas Fitó S.A., 08348 Cabrera de Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Pujol
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Garcia-Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
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Su T, Han M, Min J, Chen P, Mao Y, Huang Q, Tong Q, Liu Q, Fang Y. Genome-Wide Survey of Invertase Encoding Genes and Functional Characterization of an Extracellular Fungal Pathogen-Responsive Invertase in Glycine max. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2395. [PMID: 30110937 PMCID: PMC6121457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Invertases are essential enzymes that irreversibly catalyze the cleavage of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) are glycosylated proteins and exert fundamental roles in plant growth as well as in response to environmental cues. As yet, comprehensive insight into invertase encoding genes are lacking in Glycine max. In the present study, the systematic survey of gene structures, coding regions, regulatory elements, conserved motifs, and phylogenies resulted in the identification of thirty⁻two putative invertase genes in soybean genome. Concomitantly, impacts on gene expression, enzyme activities, proteins, and soluble sugar accumulation were explored in specific tissues upon stress perturbation. In combination with the observation of subcellular compartmentation of the fluorescent fusion protein that indeed exported to apoplast, heterologous expression, and purification in using Pichia pastoris system revealed that GmCWI4 was a typical extracellular invertase. We postulated that GmCWI4 may play regulatory roles and be involved in pathogenic fungi defense. The experimental evaluation of physiological significance via phenotypic analysis of mutants under stress exposure has been initiated. Moreover, our paper provides theoretical basis for elucidating molecular mechanisms of invertase in association with inhibitors underlying the stress regime, and will contribute to the improvement of plant performance to a diverse range of stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jie Min
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Peixian Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yuxin Mao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qiao Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qian Tong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qiuchen Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Okeke UG, Akdemir D, Rabbi I, Kulakow P, Jannink JL. Regional Heritability Mapping Provides Insights into Dry Matter Content in African White and Yellow Cassava Populations. THE PLANT GENOME 2018; 11:10.3835/plantgenome2017.06.0050. [PMID: 29505634 PMCID: PMC7822058 DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2017.06.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The HarvestPlus program for cassava ( Crantz) fortifies cassava with β-carotene by breeding for carotene-rich tubers (yellow cassava). However, a negative correlation between yellowness and dry matter (DM) content has been identified. We investigated the genetic control of DM in white and yellow cassava. We used regional heritability mapping (RHM) to associate DM with genomic segments in both subpopulations. Significant segments were subjected to candidate gene analysis and candidates were validated with prediction accuracies. The RHM procedure was validated via a simulation approach and revealed significant hits for white cassava on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 10, 17, and 18, whereas hits for the yellow were on chromosome 1. Candidate gene analysis revealed genes in the carbohydrate biosynthesis pathway including plant serine-threonine protein kinases (SnRKs), UDP (uridine diphosphate)-glycosyltransferases, UDP-sugar transporters, invertases, pectinases, and regulons. Validation using 1252 unique identifiers from the SnRK gene family genome-wide recovered 50% of the predictive accuracy of whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms for DM, whereas validation using 53 likely genes (extracted from the literature) from significant segments recovered 32%. Genes including an acid invertase, a neutral or alkaline invertase, and a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase were validated on the basis of an a priori list for the cassava starch pathway, and also a fructose-biphosphate aldolase from the Calvin cycle pathway. The power of the RHM procedure was estimated as 47% when the causal quantitative trait loci generated 10% of the phenotypic variance (sample size = 451). Cassava DM genetics are complex and RHM may be useful for complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uche Godfrey Okeke
- Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative
Plant Sci., College of Agriculture and Life Sci., Cornell Univ., 14853, Ithaca,
NY
| | - Deniz Akdemir
- Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative
Plant Sci., College of Agriculture and Life Sci., Cornell Univ., 14853, Ithaca,
NY
- current address, Statgen Consulting, Ithaca, NY 14850
| | | | | | - Jean-Luc Jannink
- Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative
Plant Sci., College of Agriculture and Life Sci., Cornell Univ., 14853, Ithaca,
NY
- USDAARS, Robert W. Holley Centre for Agriculture and Health, Tower
Road, Ithaca, NY 14853
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28
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Guo X, Duan X, Wu Y, Cheng J, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li B. Genetic Engineering of Maize (Zea mays L.) with Improved Grain Nutrients. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1670-1677. [PMID: 29394054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-wall invertase plays important roles in the grain filling of crop plants. However, its functions in the improvement of grain nutrients have not been investigated. In this work, the stable expression of cell-wall-invertase-encoding genes from different plant species and the contents of total starch, protein, amino acid, nitrogen, lipid, and phosphorus were examined in transgenic maize plants. High expressions of the cell-wall-invertase gene conferred enhanced invertase activity and sugar content in transgenic plants, leading to increased grain yield and improved grain nutrients. Transgenic plants with high expressions of the transgene produced more total starch, protein, nitrogen, and essential amino acids in the seeds. Overall, the results indicate that the cell-wall-invertase gene can be used as a potential candidate for the genetic breeding of grain crops with both improved grain yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Guo
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University , 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University , 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University , 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Jieshan Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University , 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University , 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University , 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Bei Li
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University , 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, China
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Morey SR, Hirose T, Hashida Y, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Ohsugi R, Yamagishi J, Aoki N. Genetic Evidence for the Role of a Rice Vacuolar Invertase as a Molecular Sink Strength Determinant. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:6. [PMID: 29344835 PMCID: PMC5772344 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice is a major crop feeding the majority of the global population, and increasing its sink strength is one of the modes to alleviate the declining availability of food for the rapidly growing world population. We demonstrate a role for an important rice vacuolar invertase isoform, OsINV3, in sink strength determination. RESULTS OsINV3 mutants showed shorter panicles with lighter and smaller grains, owing to a smaller cell size on the outer and inner surfaces of the palea and lemma as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Further, strong promoter::GUS expression was observed in the palea, lemma and the rachis branches in the young elongating panicles, which supported the role of OsINV3 in cell expansion and thus, in spikelet size and panicle length determination. Size of the spikelet was found to directly influence the grain weight, which was confirmed by the lack of differences in weights of hulled grain for differently segregated alleles in the heterozygous lines. Assessment of field grown mutants not only revealed a drastic reduction in the percentage of ripened grain, 1000-grain weight and final yield, but also significantly reduced partitioning of assimilates to the panicles, whereby the total dry weight remained unaffected. Determination of the non-structural carbohydrate contents revealed a lower hexose-to-sucrose ratio in the panicles of the mutants from panicle initiation to 10 days after heading, a stage that identifies as the critical pre-storage phase of grain filling, whereas the starch contents were not affected. In addition, strong promoter::GUS expression was observed in the dorsal end of ovary during the pre-storage phase until 6 days after flowering, highlighting a function for OsINV3 in monitoring the initial grain filling stage. CONCLUSIONS OsINV3 was found to regulate spikelet size by playing a key role in cell expansion, driving the movement of assimilates for grain filling by modulating the hexose-to-sucrose ratio, contributing in grain weight determination and thus, the grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamitha Rao Morey
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hirose
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
- Central Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO, 1-2-1 Inada, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193 Japan
| | - Yoichi Hashida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
- Present addresses: Research Institute for Food and Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194 Japan
| | - Akio Miyao
- Advanced Genomics Breeding Section, Institute of Crop Science, NARO, 2-1-2, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirochika
- Advanced Genomics Breeding Section, Institute of Crop Science, NARO, 2-1-2, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 Japan
| | - Ryu Ohsugi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Junko Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Naohiro Aoki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
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Shivalingamurthy SG, Anangi R, Kalaipandian S, Glassop D, King GF, Rae AL. Identification and Functional Characterization of Sugarcane Invertase Inhibitor ( ShINH1): A Potential Candidate for Reducing Pre- and Post-harvest Loss of Sucrose in Sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:598. [PMID: 29774044 PMCID: PMC5944049 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In sugarcane, invertase enzymes play a key role in sucrose accumulation and are also involved in futile reactions where sucrose is continuously degraded during the pre- and post-harvest period, thereby reducing sugar yield and recovery. Invertase inhibitor (INVINH) proteins play a key role in post-translation regulation of plant invertases through which sucrose hydrolysis is controlled. INVINH proteins are small (18 kDa) members of the pectin methylesterase inhibitor superfamily and they are moderately conserved across plants. In the present study, we identified two INVINH genes from sugarcane, ShINH1 and ShINH2. In silico characterization of the encoded proteins revealed 43% sequence identity at the amino acid level, confirming the non-allelic nature of the proteins. The presence of putative signal peptide and subcellular targeting sequences revealed that ShINH1 and ShINH2 likely have apoplasmic and vacuolar localization, respectively. Experimental visualization of ShINH1-GFP revealed that ShINHI is indeed exported to the apoplast. Differential tissue-specific and developmental expression of ShINH1 between leaf, stalk, flower and root suggest that it plays a role in controlling source-sink metabolic regulation during sucrose accumulation in sugarcane. ShINH1 is expressed at relatively high levels in leaves and stalk compared to flowers and roots, and expression decreases significantly toward internodal maturity during stalk development. ShINH1 is expressed at variable levels in flowers with no specific association to floral maturity. Production of recombinant ShINH1 enabled experimental validation of protein function under in vitro conditions. Recombinant ShINH1 potently inhibited acid invertase (IC50 22.5 nM), making it a candidate for controlling pre- and post-harvest deterioration of sucrose in sugarcane. Our results indicate that ShINH1 and ShINH2 are likely to play a regulatory role in sucrose accumulation and contribute to the improvement of sugar yield and recovery in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raveendra Anangi
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Donna Glassop
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenn F. King
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Anne L. Rae
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Anne L. Rae
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31
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Zhang J, Wu Z, Hu F, Liu L, Huang X, Zhao J, Wang H. Aberrant seed development in Litchi chinensis is associated with the impaired expression of cell wall invertase genes. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2018; 5:39. [PMID: 30083354 PMCID: PMC6068106 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-018-0042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall invertase (CWIN) are known to play important roles in seed development. However, most reports to date have focused on a single gene family member, and have mainly investigated CWIN functions during the filling stage of seed development. In this study, we found significant lower levels of CWIN protein and activity associated with seed abortion in the Litchi chinensis cultivar "Nuomici." We identified five litchi CWIN genes and observed that the expression of LcCWIN5 was limited to the flower tissues and decreased sharply with fruit development. Silencing of LcCWIN5 expression before 28 DAA (cell division stage) resulted in perturbed liquid endosperm development, smaller seeds, and higher seed abortion rate, while silencing after 28 DAA (filling stage) had no effect on seed development. In contrast, LcCWIN2 was mostly expressed in the funicle and seed coat, and increased with fruit development. Decreased LcCWIN2 expression and CWIN activity during early seed filling coincided with smaller seeds in the cultivar "Feizixiao." Silencing of LcCWIN2 caused a reduction in the seed size without inducing seed abortion. We propose that CWIN activity in seed maternal tissues during cell division stage is likely due to LcCWIN5 expression, which regulates early seed development. On the other hand, CWIN activity during the filling stage is due to the expression of LcCWIN2, which may promote carbon import by creating a sucrose gradient. Comparable LcCWIN5 expression, but much lower CWIN activity, detected in the funicle of "Nuomici" is consistent with post-translational regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Present Address: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology (PSC), Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602 China
| | - Zichen Wu
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuchu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key laboratory of tropical fruit tree biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Haikou, 571100 China
| | - Lian Liu
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuming Huang
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jietang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
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32
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Xu XX, Hu Q, Yang WN, Jin Y. The roles of call wall invertase inhibitor in regulating chilling tolerance in tomato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:195. [PMID: 29121866 PMCID: PMC5679139 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexoses are important metabolic signals that respond to abiotic and biotic stresses. Cold stress adversely affects plant growth and development, limiting productivity. The mechanism by which sugars regulate plant cold tolerance remains elusive. RESULTS We examined the function of INVINH1, a cell wall invertase inhibitor, in tomato chilling tolerance. Cold stress suppressed the transcription of INVINH1 and increased that of cell wall invertase genes, Lin6 and Lin8 in tomato seedlings. Silencing INVINH1 expression in tomato increased cell wall invertase activity and enhanced chilling tolerance. Conversely, transgenic tomatoes over-expressing INVINH1 showed reduced cell wall invertase activity and were more sensitive to cold stress. Chilling stress increased glucose and fructose levels, and the hexoses content increased or decreased by silencing or overexpression INVINH1. Glucose applied in vitro masked the differences in chilling tolerance of tomato caused by the different expressions of INVINH1. The repression of INVINH1 or glucose applied in vitro regulated the expression of C-repeat binding factors (CBFs) genes. Transcript levels of NCED1, which encodes 9-cisepoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, were suppressed by INVINH1 after exposure to chilling stress. Meanwhile, application of ABA protected plant from chilling damage caused by the different expression of INVINH1. CONCLUSIONS In tomato, INVINH1 plays an important role in chilling tolerance by adjusting the content of glucose and expression of CBFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-xia Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-nian Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Jin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
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33
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Gu Y, Li W, Jiang H, Wang Y, Gao H, Liu M, Chen Q, Lai Y, He C. Differential expression of a WRKY gene between wild and cultivated soybeans correlates to seed size. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:2717-2729. [PMID: 28472462 PMCID: PMC5853923 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) probably originated from the wild soybean (Glycine soja). Glycine max has a significantly larger seed size, but the underlying genomic changes are largely unknown. Candidate regulatory genes were preliminarily proposed by data co-localizing RNA sequencing with the quantitative loci (QTLs) for seed size. The soybean gene locus SoyWRKY15a and its orthologous genes from G. max (GmWRKY15a) and G. soja (GsWRKY15a) were analyzed in detail. The coding sequences were nearly identical between the two orthologs, but GmWRKY15a was significantly more highly expressed than GsWRKY15a. Four haplotypes (H1-H4) were found and they varied in the size of a CT-core microsatellite locus in the 5'-untranslated region of this gene. H1 (with six CT-repeats) was the only allelic version found in G. max, while H3 (with five CT-repeats) was the dominant G. soja allele. Differential expression of this gene in soybean pods was correlated with CT-repeat variation, and manipulation of the CT copy number altered the reporter gene expression, suggesting a regulatory role for the simple sequence repeats. Seed weight of wild soybeans harboring H1 was significantly greater than that of soybeans having haplotypes H2, H3, or H4, and seed weight was correlated with gene expression, suggesting the influence of GsWRKY15a in controlling seed size. However, the seed size might be refractory to increased SoyWRKY15a expression in cultivated soybeans. The evolutionary significance of SoyWRKY15a variation in soybean seed domestication is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhe Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Crop Tillage and Cultivation Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Crop Tillage and Cultivation Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongcai Lai
- Crop Tillage and Cultivation Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chaoying He
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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