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Lin W, Noormets A, King JS, Marshall J, Akers M, Cucinella J, Fox TR, Laviner MA, Martin TA, Mcnulty S, Meek C, Samuelson L, Sun G, Vogel J, Will RE, Domec JC. Spatial variability in tree-ring carbon isotope discrimination in response to local drought across the entire loblolly pine natural range. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:44-58. [PMID: 34617120 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Considering the temporal responses of carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) to local water availability in the spatial analysis of Δ13C is essential for evaluating the contribution of environmental and genetic facets of plant Δ13C. Using tree-ring Δ13C from years with contrasting water availability at 76 locations across the natural range of loblolly pine, we decomposed site-level Δ13C signals to maximum Δ13C in well-watered conditions (Δ13Cmax) and isotopic drought sensitivity (m) as a change in Δ13C per unit change of Palmer's Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Site water status, especially the tree lifetime average PDSI, was the primary factor affecting Δ13Cmax. The strong spatial correlation exhibited by m was related to both genetic and environmental factors. The long-term average water availability during the period relevant to trees as indicated by lifetime average PDSI correlated with Δ13Cmax, suggesting acclimation in tree gas-exchange traits, independent of incident water availability. The positive correlation between lifetime average PDSI and m indicated that loblolly pines were more sensitive to drought at mesic than xeric sites. The m was found to relate to a plant's stomatal control and may be employed as a genetic indicator of efficient water use strategies. Partitioning Δ13C to Δ13Cmax and m provided a new angle for understanding sources of variation in plant Δ13C, with several fundamental and applied implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Boulevard, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Asko Noormets
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, 534 John Kimbrough Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2258, USA
| | - John S King
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - John Marshall
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogens ekologi och skötsel, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Madison Akers
- Forest Investment Associates, 3575 Piedmont Road NE, 15 Piedmont Center, Suite 1250, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA
| | - Josh Cucinella
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Thomas R Fox
- Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 310 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Rayonier Inc., 851582 Highway 17N, Yulee, FL 32097, USA
| | - Marshall A Laviner
- Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 310 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Weyerhaeuser Timberlands, 3701 Old Forest Road Suite A, Lynchburg, VA 24501, USA
| | - Timothy A Martin
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Steve Mcnulty
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, 3041 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Cassandra Meek
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Lisa Samuelson
- School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36840, USA
| | - Ge Sun
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, 3041 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jason Vogel
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Rodney E Will
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Paillassa J, Wright IJ, Prentice IC, Pepin S, Smith NG, Ethier G, Westerband AC, Lamarque LJ, Wang H, Cornwell WK, Maire V. When and where soil is important to modify the carbon and water economy of leaves. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:121-135. [PMID: 32455476 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic 'least-cost' theory posits that the optimal trait combination for a given environment is that where the summed costs of photosynthetic water and nutrient acquisition/use are minimised. The effects of soil water and nutrient availability on photosynthesis should be stronger as climate-related costs for both resources increase. Two independent datasets of photosynthetic traits, Globamax (1509 species, 288 sites) and Glob13C (3645 species, 594 sites), were used to quantify biophysical and biochemical limitations of photosynthesis and the key variable Ci /Ca (CO2 drawdown during photosynthesis). Climate and soil variables were associated with both datasets. The biochemical photosynthetic capacity was higher on alkaline soils. This effect was strongest at more arid sites, where water unit-costs are presumably higher. Higher values of soil silt and depth increased Ci /Ca , likely by providing greater H2 O supply, alleviating biophysical photosynthetic limitation when soil water is scarce. Climate is important in controlling the optimal balance of H2 O and N costs for photosynthesis, but soil properties change these costs, both directly and indirectly. In total, soil properties modify the climate-demand driven predictions of Ci /Ca by up to 30% at a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Paillassa
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, CP 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
- Département des sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, 2480 boul. Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ian J Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - I Colin Prentice
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Steeve Pepin
- Département des sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, 2480 boul. Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nicholas G Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main Street, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Gilbert Ethier
- Département de phytologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Andrea C Westerband
- Département des sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, 2480 boul. Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Laurent J Lamarque
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, CP 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Will K Cornwell
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, CP 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
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Hartl-Meier C, Zang C, Büntgen U, Esper J, Rothe A, Göttlein A, Dirnböck T, Treydte K. Uniform climate sensitivity in tree-ring stable isotopes across species and sites in a mid-latitude temperate forest. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 35:4-15. [PMID: 25466725 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tree-ring stable isotopes, providing insight into drought-induced eco-physiological mechanisms, are frequently used to reconstruct past changes in growing season temperature and precipitation. Their climatic response is, however, still not fully understood, particularly for data originating from non-extreme, mid-latitude environments with differing ecological conditions. Here, we assess the response of δ(13)C, δ(18)O and tree-ring width (TRW) from a temperate mountain forest in the Austrian pre-Alps to climate and specific drought events. Variations in stem growth and isotopic composition of Norway spruce, common beech and European larch from dry, medium and moist sites are compared with records of sunshine, temperature, moisture, precipitation and cloud cover. Results indicate uniform year-to-year variations in δ(13)C and δ(18)O across sites and species, but distinct differences in TRW according to habitat and species. While the climate sensitivity of TRW is overall weak, the δ(13)C and δ(18)O chronologies contain significant signals with a maximum sensitivity to cloud cover changes (r = -0.72 for δ(18)O). The coherent inter-annual isotopic variations are accompanied by substantial differences in the isotopic signatures with offsets up to ∼3‰ for δ(13)C, indicating species-specific physiological strategies and varying water-use efficiencies. During severe summer drought, beech and larch benefit from access to deeper and moist soils, allowing them to keep their stomata open. This strategy is accompanied by an increased water loss through transpiration, but simultaneously enables enhanced photosynthesis. Our findings indicate the potential of tree-ring stable isotopes from temperate forests to reconstruct changes in cloud cover, and to improve knowledge on basic physiological mechanisms of tree species growing in different habitats to cope with soil moisture deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hartl-Meier
- Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 21, 55128 Mainz, Germany Forest Nutrition and Water Resources, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Christian Zang
- Ecoclimatology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ulf Büntgen
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Esper
- Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 21, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Rothe
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Axel Göttlein
- Forest Nutrition and Water Resources, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Dirnböck
- Department for Ecosystem Research and Monitoring, Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kerstin Treydte
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Can synchronizing feather-based measures of corticosterone and stable isotopes help us better understand habitat-physiology relationships? Oecologia 2013; 173:731-43. [PMID: 23666371 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-013-2678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Physiological mechanisms link the environment with population dynamics, and glucocorticoid hormones are of particular interest because they respond adaptively to environmental change and can influence vertebrate reproduction and fitness. We tested a novel approach of synchronizing feather-based measures of corticosterone (the primary avian glucocorticoid; CORTf) and ratios of stable isotopes (SIs) of C (δ(13)C) and N (δ(15)N) to provide information about environmental conditions and an integrated physiological response to those conditions over the same period of feather synthesis. Using a fragmented metapopulation of Dupont's larks Chersophilus duponti, an endangered steppe songbird, we analyzed interrelationships among CORTf, δ(13)C, δ(15)N, and the physical environment, including measures of habitat loss and fragmentation. CORTf was not related to any habitat variable measured directly. However, we detected a significant spatial structure to CORTf values and food availability, with greater similarity in both at smaller spatial scales. Using SIs as proxies for the local environment, we found CORTf was negatively related to δ(13)C. Values of CORTf, δ(13)C, and the relationship between the two were likely driven by variation in agricultural land use surrounding lark habitat patches. Our feather-based approach revealed that individual physiology was sensitive to environmental conditions (e.g., an interaction of food availability and variation in habitat) at a local scale, but not patch or landscape scales. Combining CORTf and SIs may be a promising tool because it can provide individual-based information about habitat, physiology, and their relationship during the same time period.
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Epron D, Laclau JP, Almeida JCR, Gonçalves JLM, Ponton S, Sette CR, Delgado-Rojas JS, Bouillet JP, Nouvellon Y. Do changes in carbon allocation account for the growth response to potassium and sodium applications in tropical Eucalyptus plantations? TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 32:667-79. [PMID: 22021011 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpr107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the underlying mechanisms that account for the impact of potassium (K) fertilization and its replacement by sodium (Na) on tree growth is key to improving the management of forest plantations that are expanding over weathered tropical soils with low amounts of exchangeable bases. A complete randomized block design was planted with Eucalyptus grandis (W. Hill ex Maiden) to quantify growth, carbon uptake and carbon partitioning using a carbon budget approach. A combination of approaches including the establishment of allometric relationships over the whole rotation and measurements of soil CO(2) efflux and aboveground litterfall at the end of the rotation were used to estimate aboveground net production (ANPP), total belowground carbon flux and gross primary production (GPP). The stable carbon isotope (δ(13)C) of stem wood α-cellulose produced every year was used as a proxy for stomatal limitation of photosynthesis. Potassium fertilization increased GPP and decreased the fraction of carbon allocated belowground. Aboveground net production was strongly enhanced, and because leaf lifespan increased, leaf biomass was enhanced without any change in leaf production, and wood production (P(W)) was dramatically increased. Sodium application decreased the fraction of carbon allocated belowground in a similar way, and enhanced GPP, ANPP and P(W), but to a lesser extent compared with K fertilization. Neither K nor Na affected δ(13)C of stem wood α-cellulose, suggesting that water-use efficiency was the same among the treatments and that the inferred increase in leaf photosynthesis was not only related to a higher stomatal conductance. We concluded that the response to K fertilization and Na addition on P(W) resulted from drastic changes in carbon allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Epron
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Faculté des Sciences, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
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