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Perrot T, Rusch A, Gaba S, Bretagnolle V. Both long-term grasslands and crop diversity are needed to limit pest and weed infestations in agricultural landscapes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300861120. [PMID: 38011572 PMCID: PMC10710047 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300861120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing landscape heterogeneity has been suggested to be an important strategy to strengthen natural pest control in crops, especially through enhancing the amount of seminatural habitats. Increasing crop diversity is also a promising strategy to complement or replace seminatural habitat when seminatural habitat is scarce. However, their relative or possibly interactive effects on pest and weed infestation remain poorly investigated, and the role of different types of seminatural habitats has been understudied. Using an extensive sampling effort in 974 arable fields across 7 y, we evaluated the separate and interactive effects of crop diversity (seven arable crop types) and the amount of four types of seminatural habitats (meadows, hay, forests, and hedgerows) in the landscape on pest and weed control. Meadows and crop diversity, respectively, supported insect pest and weed control services in agricultural landscapes through a complementarity effect. Crop diversity increased weed seed predation rate (by 16%) and reduced weed infestation (by 6%), whereas long-term grasslands (to a much higher degree than hay or woody habitats) increased insect pest predation rates (by 23%) and reduced pest infestation (by 19%) in most arable crops. Our results demonstrate that diversification of the agricultural landscape requires long-term grasslands as well as improved crop diversity to ensure the delivery of efficient pest and weed control services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Perrot
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR7372, CNRS and La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
- Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon33140, France
| | - Adrien Rusch
- Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon33140, France
| | - Sabrina Gaba
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR7372, CNRS and La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
- Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research site «Zone Atelier Plaine and Val de Sèvre», Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
- Unité sous contrat 1339, Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement-CNRS-La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR7372, CNRS and La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
- Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research site «Zone Atelier Plaine and Val de Sèvre», Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
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Tortosa A, Giffard B, Sirami C, Larrieu L, Ladet S, Vialatte A. Increasing landscape heterogeneity as a win-win solution to manage trade-offs in biological control of crop and woodland pests. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13573. [PMID: 37604831 PMCID: PMC10442452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculture and forestry cover more than 75% of Europe, and invertebrate pests are a costly challenge for these two economic sectors. Landscape management is increasingly promoted as a solution to enhance biological pest control, but little is known on its effects on adjacent crop fields and woodlands. This study aims to explore the effect of the proportion of woodlands and permanent grasslands as well as crop diversity on biological pest control simultaneously in cereals fields and woodland patches, in south-western France. We used different types of sentinel prey as well as bird and carabid community metrics to assess biological pest control potential in these two ecosystems. We first show that land cover variables influence biological pest control both in cereal fields and woodland patches, but have antagonistic effects in the two ecosystems. Although results vary according to the biological control indicator considered, we show that increasing landscape heterogeneity represents a valuable solution to manage trade-offs and promote higher average predation rates across forests and cereal fields. Our study therefore calls for more integrative studies to identify landscape management strategies that enable nature-based solutions across ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Tortosa
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, DYNAFOR, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Brice Giffard
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, SAVE, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Clélia Sirami
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, DYNAFOR, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laurent Larrieu
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, DYNAFOR, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNPF-CRPF Occitanie, 7 chemin de la Lacade, 31320, Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - Sylvie Ladet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, DYNAFOR, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Aude Vialatte
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, DYNAFOR, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Candiago S, Winkler KJ, Giombini V, Giupponi C, Egarter Vigl L. An ecosystem service approach to the study of vineyard landscapes in the context of climate change: a review. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2023; 18:997-1013. [PMID: 37012995 PMCID: PMC10063506 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-022-01223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vineyard landscapes significantly contribute to the economy, identity, culture, and biodiversity of many regions worldwide. Climate change, however, is increasingly threatening the resilience of vineyard landscapes and of their ecological conditions, undermining the provision of multiple ecosystem services. Previous research has often focused on climate change impacts, ecosystem conditions and ecosystem services without systematically reviewing how they have been studied in the literature on viticulture. Here, we systematically review the literature on vineyard landscapes to identify how ecosystem conditions and services have been investigated, and whether an integrative approach to investigate the effects of climate change was adopted. Our results indicate that there are still very few studies that explicitly address multiple ecosystem conditions and services together. Only 28 and 18% of the reviewed studies considered more than two ecosystem conditions or services, respectively. Moreover, while more than 97% of the relationships between ecosystem conditions and services studied were addressing provisioning and regulating services, only 3% examined cultural services. Finally, this review found that there is a lack of integrative studies that address simultaneously the relationships between ecosystem condition, ecosystem services and climate change (only 15 out of 112 studies). To overcome these gaps and to better understand the functioning of vineyard socio-ecological systems under climate change, multidisciplinary, integrative, and comprehensive approaches should be adopted by future studies. A holistic understanding of vineyard landscapes will indeed be crucial to support researchers and decision makers in developing sustainable adaptation strategies that enhance the ecological condition of vineyards and ensure the provision of multiple ecosystem services under future climate scenarios. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-022-01223-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Candiago
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, S. Giobbe 873, 30121 Venice, Italy
| | - Klara Johanna Winkler
- McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Valentina Giombini
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Carlo Giupponi
- Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, S. Giobbe 873, 30121 Venice, Italy
| | - Lukas Egarter Vigl
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
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Carlos C, Gonçalves F, Villemant C, Paredes D, Salvação J, Torres L. Parasitoids of Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Douro Demarcated Region vineyards and the prospects for enhancing conservation biological control. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 112:697-706. [PMID: 35514146 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485322000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The more restrictive regulations of pesticides in Europe have led to an increase in conservation biological control (CBC) research. However, little attention has been paid to the main determinants of Lobesia botrana parasitism. The Douro Demarcated Region landscape offers scope for the use of CBC. The study was conducted between 2002 and 2015 aiming at: (i) identifying parasitoids associated with L. botrana and evaluating their impact as biological control agents in each generation of the pest, and (ii) evaluating the effect of both the proportion of ecological infrastructures (EI) near the vineyards, and the impact of management practices (chemical treatments and ground cover) on the parasitism of L. botrana. A total of 3226 larvae/pupae of L. botrana were collected (15% were parasitized and 485 parasitoids emerged). A complex of 16 taxa of parasitoids was identified, the majority belonging to Hymenoptera. The most abundant were Elachertus sp. (Eulophidae), Campoplex capitator Aubert (Ichneumonidae), and Brachymeria tibialis (Walker) (Chalcididae), which represented 62.5, 12.6, and 12.0% of the total assemblage of parasitoids which emerged, respectively. The percentage of parasitism ranged from 0.0 to 61.5% (first generation), from 0.0 to 36.8% (second generation), and from 0.0 to 12.1% (third generation). Importantly, it was found that the parasitism rate was higher in vineyards with ground cover. In addition, EI in the area surrounding the vineyards produced a significant increase in parasitism. These results suggest potential for CBC of L. botrana if EI around vineyards, and ground cover with native perennial plants within vineyards, are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carlos
- Association for the Development of Viticulture in the Douro Region, ADVID, Centro de Excelência da Vinha e do Vinho Bldg., Science and Technology Park of Vila Real, Régia Douro Park, 5000-033 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Claire Villemant
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP50, entomologie, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Paredes
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juliana Salvação
- UTAD/ECAV - University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Laura Torres
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Giffard B, Winter S, Guidoni S, Nicolai A, Castaldini M, Cluzeau D, Coll P, Cortet J, Le Cadre E, d’Errico G, Forneck A, Gagnarli E, Griesser M, Guernion M, Lagomarsino A, Landi S, Bissonnais YL, Mania E, Mocali S, Preda C, Priori S, Reineke A, Rusch A, Schroers HJ, Simoni S, Steiner M, Temneanu E, Bacher S, Costantini EAC, Zaller J, Leyer I. Vineyard Management and Its Impacts on Soil Biodiversity, Functions, and Ecosystem Services. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.850272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy soils form the basis of sustainable viticulture, where soil characteristics have a direct impact on wine quantity and quality. Soil not only provides water and nutrients to vines, but is also a living medium containing micro- and macroorganisms that perform many ecological functions and provide ecosystem services. These organisms are involved in many processes, from decomposing organic matter to providing minerals to vine roots. They also control diseases, pests, and weeds, in addition to improving the soil structure in terms of its capacity to retain water and nutrients. Related to decomposition processes, the carbon content of vineyard soils influences fertility, erosion and biogeochemical cycles, with significant implications for the global climate. However, common agricultural practices represent strong threats to biodiversity and associated ecosystem services provided by vineyard soils. As consumers increasingly consider environmental aspects in their purchase decisions, winegrowers have to adapt their vineyard management strategies, raising the demand for sustainable pest- and weed-control methods. This article presents a comprehensive review of the impacts of vineyard practices on the soil ecosystem, biodiversity, and biodiversity-based ecosystem services, and provides future prospects for sustainable viticulture.
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Organic Farming and Cover-Crop Management Reduce Pest Predation in Austrian Vineyards. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12030220. [PMID: 33806420 PMCID: PMC7999927 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Habitat simplification and intensive use of pesticides are main drivers of global arthropod declines and are, thus, decreasing natural pest control. Organic farming, complex landscapes, and local vineyard management practices such as implementation of flower-rich cover-crop mixtures may be a promising approach to enhance predator abundance and, therefore, natural pest control. We examined the effect of organic versus integrated management, cover-crop diversity in the vineyard inter-rows, and landscape composition on the natural pest control of Lobesia botrana eggs and pupae. Predation of L. botrana pupae was reduced by organic farming and species-poor cover-crops by about 10%. Predation rates of L. botrana eggs did not differ significantly in any of the studied management options. Dominant predators were earwigs (Forficulidae), bush crickets (Tettigoniidae), and ants (Formicidae). Negative effects of organic viticulture are most likely related to the negative nontarget effects on arthropods related to the frequent sulfur and copper applications in combination with the avoidance of strongly damaging insecticides by integrated winegrowers. While a 10% difference in predation rates on a single pest stage is unlikely to have strong practical implications, our results show that the assumed effectiveness of environmentally friendly agriculture needs to be evaluated for specific crops and regions.
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8
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Möth S, Walzer A, Redl M, Petrović B, Hoffmann C, Winter S. Unexpected Effects of Local Management and Landscape Composition on Predatory Mites and Their Food Resources in Vineyards. INSECTS 2021; 12:180. [PMID: 33669755 PMCID: PMC7922120 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viticultural practices and landscape composition are the main drivers influencing biological pest control in vineyards. Predatory mites, mainly phytoseiid (Phytoseiidae) and tydeoid mites (Tydeidae), are important to control phytophagous mites (Tetranychidae and Eriophyidae) on vines. In the absence of arthropod prey, pollen is an important food source for predatory mites. In 32 paired vineyards located in Burgenland/Austria, we examined the effect of landscape composition, management type (organic/integrated), pesticide use, and cover crop diversity of the inter-row on the densities of phytoseiid, tydeoid, and phytophagous mites. In addition, we sampled pollen on vine leaves. Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten was the main phytoseiid mite species and Tydeus goetzi Schruft the main tydeoid species. Interestingly, the area-related acute pesticide toxicity loading was higher in organic than in integrated vineyards. The densities of phytoseiid and tydeoid mites was higher in integrated vineyards and in vineyards with spontaneous vegetation. Their population also profited from an increased viticultural area at the landscape scale. Eriophyoid mite densities were extremely low across all vineyards and spider mites were absent. Biological pest control of phytophagous mites benefits from less intensive pesticide use and spontaneous vegetation cover in vineyard inter-rows, which should be considered in agri-environmental schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Möth
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Andreas Walzer
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Markus Redl
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Božana Petrović
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Christoph Hoffmann
- Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany;
| | - Silvia Winter
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
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9
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Rusch A, Beaumelle L, Giffard B, Alonso Ugaglia A. Harnessing biodiversity and ecosystem services to safeguard multifunctional vineyard landscapes in a global change context. ADV ECOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Paredes D, Rosenheim JA, Chaplin-Kramer R, Winter S, Karp DS. Landscape simplification increases vineyard pest outbreaks and insecticide use. Ecol Lett 2020; 24:73-83. [PMID: 33051978 PMCID: PMC7756857 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Diversifying agricultural landscapes may mitigate biodiversity declines and improve pest management. Yet landscapes are rarely managed to suppress pests, in part because researchers seldom measure key variables related to pest outbreaks and insecticides that drive management decisions. We used a 13-year government database to analyse landscape effects on European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana) outbreaks and insecticides across c. 400 Spanish vineyards. At harvest, we found pest outbreaks increased four-fold in simplified, vineyard-dominated landscapes compared to complex landscapes in which vineyards are surrounded by semi-natural habitats. Similarly, insecticide applications doubled in vineyard-dominated landscapes but declined in vineyards surrounded by shrubland. Importantly, pest population stochasticity would have masked these large effects if numbers of study sites and years were reduced to typical levels in landscape pest-control studies. Our results suggest increasing landscape complexity may mitigate pest populations and insecticide applications. Habitat conservation represents an economically and environmentally sound approach for achieving sustainable grape production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paredes
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jay A Rosenheim
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Silvia Winter
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel S Karp
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Paiola A, Assandri G, Brambilla M, Zottini M, Pedrini P, Nascimbene J. Exploring the potential of vineyards for biodiversity conservation and delivery of biodiversity-mediated ecosystem services: A global-scale systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:135839. [PMID: 31846877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Vineyards are experiencing strong expansion and management intensification worldwide, especially in areas with a Mediterranean climate, which are often characterized by a high conservation value. This is posing concerns about their environmental impact and it is fostering research on biodiversity patterns and ecosystem services in this agroecosystem. With this systematic review, we aim at providing a global and comprehensive overview of the current research on biodiversity and biodiversity-mediated ecosystem services in vineyards, considering the effects of landscape features and management practices. We carried out a systematic literature search on the Web of Science Core Collection database. Literature was filtered according to several criteria, resulting in a final collection of 218 papers published between 1995 and 2018 and referring to different organism groups (from microbes to vertebrates) and two spatial scales (local and landscape). The results of the studies are often contrasting and taxon- and scale-dependent, thus hindering conclusions at the global scale. However, at least three main points of practical relevance can be fixed: (i) organic viticulture weakly enhances biodiversity at the landscape scale, whereas contrasting effects have been found at the local scale; (ii) ground vegetation management by cover cropping and the conservation of native ground cover strongly promotes biodiversity; (iii) habitat heterogeneity at the landscape and local scales is a key element for biodiversity. Several studies support the view that promoting biodiversity in vineyard-dominated landscapes could also positively impact on several ecosystem services. Our study further revealed knowledge gaps that should be filled by future research. In particular, important geographical areas for wine production, as well as several organism groups, have been completely neglected. Studies at the landscape level are still scarce (specifically those addressing landscape configuration), and also the research about supporting, provisioning, and cultural biodiversity-mediated ecosystem services is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paiola
- University of Padova, Dept. of Biology, Via U. Bassi 58B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Assandri
- MUSE, Sezione Zoologia dei Vertebrati, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy; University of Pavia, Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Via Adolfo Ferrata 9, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mattia Brambilla
- MUSE, Sezione Zoologia dei Vertebrati, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Fondazione Lombardia per l'Ambiente, Settore biodiversità e aree protette, Largo 10 luglio 1976 1, I-20822 Seveso, MB, Italy.
| | - Michela Zottini
- University of Padova, Dept. of Biology, Via U. Bassi 58B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrini
- MUSE, Sezione Zoologia dei Vertebrati, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Juri Nascimbene
- University of Bologna, Dept. of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Via Irnerio 42, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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12
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Fiera C, Ulrich W, Popescu D, Bunea CI, Manu M, Nae I, Stan M, Markó B, Urák I, Giurginca A, Penke N, Winter S, Kratschmer S, Buchholz J, Querner P, Zaller JG. Effects of vineyard inter-row management on the diversity and abundance of plants and surface-dwelling invertebrates in Central Romania. JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION 2020; 24:175-185. [PMID: 32089639 PMCID: PMC7002328 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-019-00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vineyard inter-rows are important biodiversity hotspots within agricultural landscapes, especially when they are covered with vegetation. However, little is known on the effects to management intensity on a broad range of surface-dwelling invertebrates and their interaction with vegetation. We assessed the diversity and activity density of ants, beetles, millipedes, mites, spiders, springtails and woodlice using pitfall traps in vineyards with either high management intensity (HI) consisting of frequently tilled inter-rows or low management intensity (LO) with alternating tillage in every second inter-row. The study was performed in the Târnave wine region in Central Romania. We wanted to know whether, (i) vineyard management intensity affects the diversity of plants and invertebrates, and (ii) local habitat characteristics affect species richness of different functional guilds and taxa. Species richness of some invertebrate taxa (Coleoptera, Araneae, Formicidae) did significantly differ between HI and LO vineyards. Only phytophages (some Coleoptera) increased in species richness and activity density with vegetation cover. Vineyard soil properties (organic matter content, pH, P, and K) did not significantly differ between HI and LO vineyards. We conclude that vineyard inter-row management can affect both the conservation of biodiversity and the provision of biodiversity-driven ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fiera
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenţei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Werner Ulrich
- Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Daniela Popescu
- Jidvei Winery, 45 Gării Street, 517385 Jidvei, Alba County Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu-Ioan Bunea
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Minodora Manu
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenţei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Nae
- Institute of Speleology, Emil Racoviţă” Romanian Academy, 13 Septembrie Street, 050711 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Melania Stan
- “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History Şos, Kiseleff 1, 011341 Bucharest 2, Romania
| | - Bálint Markó
- Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Clinicilor 5-7, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - István Urák
- Department of Environmental Science, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Calea Turzii 4, 400193 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Giurginca
- Institute of Speleology, Emil Racoviţă” Romanian Academy, 13 Septembrie Street, 050711 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicole Penke
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Winter
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Kratschmer
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacob Buchholz
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pascal Querner
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann G. Zaller
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
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Muneret L, Auriol A, Bonnard O, Richart‐Cervera S, Thiéry D, Rusch A. Organic farming expansion drives natural enemy abundance but not diversity in vineyard-dominated landscapes. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:13532-13542. [PMID: 31871664 PMCID: PMC6912908 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic farming is seen as a prototype of ecological intensification potentially able to conciliate crop productivity and biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. However, how natural enemies, an important functional group supporting pest control services, respond to organic farming at different scales and in different landscape contexts remain unclear. Using a hierarchical design within a vineyard-dominated region located in southwestern France, we examine the independent effects of organic farming and semi-natural habitats at the local and landscape scales on natural enemies. We show that the proportion of organic farming is a stronger driver of species abundance than the proportion of semi-natural habitats and is an important facet of landscape heterogeneity shaping natural enemy assemblages. Although our study highlights a strong taxonomic group-dependency about the effect of organic farming, organic farming benefits to dominant species while rare species occur at the same frequency in the two farming systems. Independently of farming systems, enhancing field age, reducing crop productivity, soil tillage intensity, and pesticide use are key management options to increase natural enemy biodiversity. Our study indicates that policies promoting the expansion of organic farming will benefit more to ecological intensification strategies seeking to enhance ecosystem services than to biodiversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Muneret
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du VignobleBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAISVVUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon CedexFrance
- UMR 1202 Biodiversity, Genes & CommunitiesINRAPessac CedexFrance
| | - Arthur Auriol
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du VignobleBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAISVVUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon CedexFrance
| | - Olivier Bonnard
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du VignobleBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAISVVUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon CedexFrance
| | - Sylvie Richart‐Cervera
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du VignobleBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAISVVUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon CedexFrance
| | - Denis Thiéry
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du VignobleBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAISVVUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon CedexFrance
| | - Adrien Rusch
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du VignobleBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAISVVUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon CedexFrance
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14
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Good Governance: A Framework for Implementing Sustainable Land Management, Applied to an Agricultural Case in Northeast-Brazil. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11164303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Land management needs to cope with persistent environmental and societal changes. This requires functional governance systems. The purpose of this research is to develop a good governance framework for the implementation of sustainable land management. Good governance theory is extensive, although its operationalization remains difficult. We derived a set of good governance attributes from the literature: (i) the functionality of the regulatory framework, (ii) the legitimacy and accountability of the actors, (iii) the fairness and transparency of the decision-making processes, and (iv) quality control and adaptiveness. These constitute a framework which, supported by guiding questions, facilitates the evaluation of governance attributes to assess sustainable land management practices. We applied the scheme to a case study in Northeast Brazil regarding sustainable land management where biological pest control is considered to be a biodiversity-related ecosystem service. Since its adoption often falls short of expectations, we scrutinized its governance system. First, experts answered our guiding questions, and second, we involved local stakeholders in the discussion of good governance attributes through the participatory approach of constellation analysis. Trust in agricultural consultants and issues of the practical application of pest control turned out to be crucial. The workshop participants requested a model farm to build more trust and experience. There was considerable demand for policy at the national planning level to formulate and monitor the content of the agricultural advisory program. Our conceptualized framework of good governance questions provides systematization for planning and steering the implementation of sustainable land management practices.
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15
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Muneret L, Auriol A, Thiéry D, Rusch A. Organic farming at local and landscape scales fosters biological pest control in vineyards. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01818. [PMID: 30462874 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While organic farming practices, which are often promoted as models of ecological intensification, generally enhance biodiversity, their effects on the delivery of ecosystem services, such as biological pest control, are still unknown. Here, using a multi-scale hierarchical design in southwestern France, we examined the effects of organic farming and seminatural habitats at the local and landscape scales on biological control services of three pests, including weeds and insects, in 42 vineyards. Organic farming at the local and landscape scales was beneficial to the mean and temporal stability of biological control services, while the proportion of seminatural habitats in the landscape reduced the level of biological pest control potential. The effects of organic farming and seminatural habitats across spatial scales varied with the type of prey considered and with time. Egg moth removal rates were higher in fields under organic management compared to conventional management while weed seed removal rates increased with the proportion of organic farming in the landscape. Larval removal rates as well as seed removal rates were always more stable within time in organic fields than in conventional fields. Moreover, independently of farming system type, local variables describing the agricultural management intensity, such as pesticide use or crop productivity, were also found to be important variables explaining levels of biological control services. Pesticide use tended to reduce biological control potential, while crop productivity was associated with contrasting biological control responses depending on the pest type. Our study demonstrates the need to target multiple spatial scales and to consider farming practices, as well as the proportion of seminatural habitats, to design functional landscapes that optimize biological pest control services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Muneret
- INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33883, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Arthur Auriol
- INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33883, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Denis Thiéry
- INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33883, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Adrien Rusch
- INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33883, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
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16
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17
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Castex V, Beniston M, Calanca P, Fleury D, Moreau J. Pest management under climate change: The importance of understanding tritrophic relations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:397-407. [PMID: 29127793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants and insects depend on climatic factors (temperature, solar radiation, precipitations, relative humidity and CO2) for their development. Current knowledge suggests that climate change can alter plants and insects development and affect their interactions. Shifts in tritrophic relations are of particular concern for Integrated Pest Management (IPM), because responses at the highest trophic level (natural enemies) are highly sensitive to warmer temperature. It is expected that natural enemies could benefit from better conditions for their development in northern latitudes and IPM could be facilitated by a longer period of overlap. This may not be the case in southern latitudes, where climate could become too warm. Adapting IPM to future climatic conditions requires therefore understanding of changes that occur at the various levels and their linkages. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of knowledge and highlights the gaps in the existing literature concerning how climate change can affect tritrophic relations. Because of the economic importance of wine production, the interactions between grapevine, Vitis vinifera (1st), Lobesia botrana (2nd) and Trichogramma spp., (3rd), an egg parasitoid of Lobesia botrana, are considered as a case study for addressing specific issues. In addition, we discuss models that could be applied in order quantify alterations in the synchrony or asynchrony patterns but also the shifts in the timing and spatial distribution of hosts, pests and their natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Castex
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - M Beniston
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - P Calanca
- Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Switzerland.
| | - D Fleury
- Department of Environment, Transportation and Agriculture (DETA), Geneva State, Switzerland.
| | - J Moreau
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 6282 Biogéosciences, Equipe Ecologie-Evolutive, France.
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