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Takeshita KM, Kubo MO, Ueno M, Ishizaki M, Takahashi H, Yoshida T, Igota H, Ikeda T, Kaji K. Comparison of Age-at-Death Patterns in the Irruption and Post-Population-Crash Phases of an Introduced Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Population. MAMMAL STUDY 2021. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2020-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka M. Takeshita
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Mugino O. Kubo
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ueno
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mari Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Igota
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaji
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Pérez-Barbería FJ, Guinness FE, López-Quintanilla M, García AJ, Gallego L, Cappelli J, Serrano MP, Landete-Castillejos T. What do rates of deposition of dental cementum tell us? Functional and evolutionary hypotheses in red deer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231957. [PMID: 32343718 PMCID: PMC7188284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cementum is a bone connective tissue that provides a flexible attachment for the tooth to the alveolar bone in many mammalian species. It does not undergo continuous remodelling, unlike non-dental bone, which combined with its growth pattern of seasonal layering makes this tissue uniquely suitable as a proxy for tracking changes in body repair investment throughout an animal´s life. We tested functional and sexual selection hypotheses on the rate of cementum deposition related to the highly polygynous mating strategy of red deer. We used a sample of 156 first lower molars from wild Scottish red deer of known age between 1 and 17 years old, approximately balanced by sex and age class. Cementum deposition on the inter-radicular pad increased with age at a constant average rate of 0.26 mm per year, with no significant differences between sexes. Cementum deposition was independent of (i) tooth wear, other than that associated with age, and (ii) enamel and dentine micro-hardness. The results partially supported the hypothesis that the main function of cementum is the repositioning of the tooth to maintain opposing teeth in occlusion. However, teeth that had more wear or males´ teeth that had faster rates of tooth wear than those of females did not present the expected higher rates of cementum deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. J. Pérez-Barbería
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
- Wildlife Research Unit UIRCP, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - F. E. Guinness
- Department of Zoology, Large Animal Research Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - M. López-Quintanilla
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
| | - A. J. García
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
| | - L. Gallego
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
| | - J. Cappelli
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
| | - M. P. Serrano
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
| | - T. Landete-Castillejos
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, Spain
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Galbany J, Muhire T, Vecellio V, Mudakikwa A, Nyiramana A, Cranfield MR, Stoinski TS, McFarlin SC. Incisor tooth wear and age determination in mountain gorillas from Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 167:930-935. [PMID: 30368801 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ecological factors, but also tooth-to-tooth contact over time, have a dramatic effect on tooth wear in primates. The aim of this study is to test whether incisor tooth wear changes predictably with age and can thus be used as an age estimation method in a wild population of mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) from Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda. MATERIALS AND METHODS In mountain gorillas of confidently known chronological age (N = 24), we measured the crown height of all permanent maxillary and mandibular incisors (I1 , I1 , I2 , I2 ) as a proxy for incisal macrowear. Linear and quadratic regressions for each incisor were used to test whether age can be predicted by crown height. Using these models, we then predicted age at death of two individual mountain gorillas of probable identifications, based on their incisor crown height. RESULTS Age decreased significantly with incisor height for all teeth, but the upper first incisors (I1 ) provided the best results, with the lowest Akaike's Information Criterion corrected for small sample size (AICc) and lowest Standard Error of the Estimate (SEE). When the best age equations for each sex were applied to gorillas with probable identifications, the predicted ages differed 1.58 and 3.33 years from the probable ages of these individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings corroborate that incisor crown height, a proxy for incisal wear, varies predictably with age. This relationship can be used to estimate age at death of unknown gorillas in the skeletal collection, and in some cases, to corroborate the identity of individual gorillas recovered from the forest postmortem at an advanced state of decomposition. Such identifications help fill gaps in the demographic database and support research that requires individual-level data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Galbany
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thadée Muhire
- Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Antoine Mudakikwa
- Department of Tourism and Conservation, Rwanda Development Board, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Michael R Cranfield
- Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | | | - Shannon C McFarlin
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
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Takeshita K, Ishizaki M, Mitsuya R, Takahashi H, Yoshida T, Igota H, Ikeda T, Kubo MO, Kaji K. Temporal changes in molar wear rate of a sika deer population under density‐dependent food limitation. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Takeshita
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - R. Mitsuya
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Takahashi
- Kansai Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Yoshida
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science Rakuno Gakuen University Hokkaido Japan
| | - H. Igota
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science Rakuno Gakuen University Hokkaido Japan
| | - T. Ikeda
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - M. O. Kubo
- The University Museum The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Kaji
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
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Pérez-Barbería FJ, Carranza J, Sánchez-Prieto C. Wear Fast, Die Young: More Worn Teeth and Shorter Lives in Iberian Compared to Scottish Red Deer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134788. [PMID: 26252380 PMCID: PMC4529110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth in Cervidae are permanent structures that are not replaceable or repairable; consequently their rate of wear, due to the grinding effect of food and dental attrition, affects their duration and can determine an animal's lifespan. Tooth wear is also a useful indicator of accumulative life energy investment in intake and mastication and their interactions with diet. Little is known regarding how natural and sexual selection operate on dental structures within a species in contrasting environments and how these relate to life history traits to explain differences in population rates of tooth wear and longevity. We hypothesised that populations under harsh environmental conditions should be selected for more hypsodont teeth while sexual selection may maintain similar sex differences within different populations. We investigated the patterns of tooth wear in males and females of Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) in Southern Spain and Scottish red deer (C. e. scoticus) across Scotland, that occur in very different environments, using 10343 samples from legal hunting activities. We found higher rates of both incisor and molar wear in the Spanish compared to Scottish populations. However, Scottish red deer had larger incisors at emergence than Iberian red deer, whilst molars emerged at a similar size in both populations and sexes. Iberian and Scottish males had earlier tooth depletion than females, in support of a similar sexual selection process in both populations. However, whilst average lifespan for Iberian males was 4 years shorter than that for Iberian females and Scottish males, Scottish males only showed a reduction of 1 year in average lifespan with respect to Scottish females. More worn molars were associated with larger mandibles in both populations, suggesting that higher intake and/or greater investment in food comminution may have favoured increased body growth, before later loss of tooth efficiency due to severe wear. These results illustrate how independent selection in both subspecies, that diverged 11,700 years BP, has resulted in the evolution of different longevity, although sexual selection has maintained a similar pattern of relative sex differences in tooth depletion. This study opens interesting questions on optimal allocation in life history trade-offs and the independent evolution of allopatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Pérez-Barbería
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom; Ungulate Research Unit, CRCP, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Grupo PAIDI RNM118, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - J Carranza
- Ungulate Research Unit, CRCP, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - C Sánchez-Prieto
- Department of Zoology, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
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Pérez-Barbería F, Ramsay S, Hooper R, Pérez-Fernández E, Robertson A, Aldezabal A, Goddard P, Gordon I. The influence of habitat on body size and tooth wear in Scottish red deer (Cervus elaphus). CAN J ZOOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2014-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Body size has profound implications for ecology and life-history traits of mammalian species. Tooth wear is an indicator of food-processing investment and diet properties, with fitness consequences through differences in comminution efficiency, nutrient gain, and senescence. We investigate the relationships between mandible length (a proxy of skeletal body size), molar dentine thickness (a measure of tooth wear), and faecal neutral detergent fibre with residual ash (NDF–ash, a combined proxy of fibre and mineral components in the diet) in 874 male and female red deer (Cervus elaphus L., 1758) from 21 locations in moorland and woodland habitats across Scotland. Significant differences in mandible length occurred between habitats: woodland deer having larger mandibles than moorland deer. Within habitats, larger mandibles were related to higher rates of dentine wear, suggesting increased body size was associated with greater intake and processing of food. Both dentine wear and faecal NDF–ash were higher in moorland deer than in woodland deer, suggesting that fibre and (or) mineral abrasives in the diet may have contributed towards habitat differences in dentine wear. Between habitats, higher dentine wear was not associated with larger mandibles, in contrast to the relationship within habitats, indicating the precedence of additional environmental factors between habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S.L. Ramsay
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - R.J. Hooper
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - E. Pérez-Fernández
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - A.H.J. Robertson
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - A. Aldezabal
- Landare Biologia eta Ekologia Saila, Zientzia eta Teknologia Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV–EHU), 644 p.k., 48080 Bilbo (Bizkaia), Euskal Herria, Spain
| | - P. Goddard
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - I.J. Gordon
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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Kubo MO, Yamada E. The inter-relationship between dietary and environmental properties and tooth wear: comparisons of mesowear, molar wear rate, and hypsodonty index of extant Sika deer populations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90745. [PMID: 24603896 PMCID: PMC3946258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In reference to the evolutionary trend of increasing cheek tooth height in herbivorous ungulates, the causes of dental abrasion have long been debated. Interspecific comparisons of extant ungulates have revealed that both phytoliths in grass and external abrasive matter may play important roles. Using analysis of extant sika deer living in various environments and showing continuous latitudinal variation in food habits from northern grazing to southern browsing, we quantitatively evaluated the influence of dietary and environmental properties on three dental variables: mesowear score (MS), molar wear rate, and M3 hypsodonty index. We used 547 skulls and 740 mandibles from 16 populations of sika deer to obtain the dental measurements. We found that only graminoid proportion in diet correlated with MS and the molar wear rate, implying that phytoliths in grass abrade dental tissues. In contrast, annual precipitation in habitat was not correlated with any of the dental variables. We also found a significant correlation between the molar wear rate (selective pressure for high-crowned molars) and the M3 hypsodonty index of extant sika deer, implying an evolutionary increment in molar height corresponding to the molar wear rate. Our intraspecific comparative analyses provide further support for use of mesowear analysis as a paleodiet estimation method; it not only reveals staple food types (graminoids or dicots) but also implies regional or seasonal variation in the diet of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugino Ozaki Kubo
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Eisuke Yamada
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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