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Tsuge M, Uda K, Eitoku T, Matsumoto N, Yorifuji T, Tsukahara H. Roles of Oxidative Injury and Nitric Oxide System Derangements in Kawasaki Disease Pathogenesis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15450. [PMID: 37895129 PMCID: PMC10607378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile vasculitis that occurs mostly in children younger than five years. KD involves multiple intricately connected inflammatory reactions activated by a cytokine cascade. Despite therapeutic advances, coronary artery damage may develop in some patients, who will be at risk of clinical cardiovascular events and even sudden death. The etiology of KD remains unclear; however, it may involve both genetic and environmental factors leading to aberrant inflammatory responses. Given the young age of onset, prenatal or perinatal exposure may be etiologically relevant. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, a post-infectious hyper-inflammatory disorder associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has features that overlap with those of KD. Available evidence indicates that vascular endothelial dysfunction is a critical step in the sequence of events leading to the development of cardiovascular lesions in KD. Oxidative stress and the dysregulation of the nitric oxide (NO) system contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory responses related to this disease. This review provides current evidence and concepts highlighting the adverse effects of oxidative injury and NO system derangements on the initiation and progression of KD and potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular pathologies in affected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Tsuge
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.U.); (H.T.)
| | - Kazuhiro Uda
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.U.); (H.T.)
| | - Takahiro Eitoku
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan;
| | - Naomi Matsumoto
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.U.); (H.T.)
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Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL, Seco-Cervera M. Oxidative Stress and Epigenetics: miRNA Involvement in Rare Autoimmune Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040800. [PMID: 37107175 PMCID: PMC10135388 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) such as Sjögren’s syndrome, Kawasaki disease, and systemic sclerosis are characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and autoantibodies, which cause joint tissue damage, vascular injury, fibrosis, and debilitation. Epigenetics participate in immune cell proliferation and differentiation, which regulates the development and function of the immune system, and ultimately interacts with other tissues. Indeed, overlapping of certain clinical features between ADs indicate that numerous immunologic-related mechanisms may directly participate in the onset and progression of these diseases. Despite the increasing number of studies that have attempted to elucidate the relationship between miRNAs and oxidative stress, autoimmune disorders and oxidative stress, and inflammation and miRNAs, an overall picture of the complex regulation of these three actors in the pathogenesis of ADs has yet to be formed. This review aims to shed light from a critical perspective on the key AD-related mechanisms by explaining the intricate regulatory ROS/miRNA/inflammation axis and the phenotypic features of these rare autoimmune diseases. The inflamma-miRs miR-155 and miR-146, and the redox-sensitive miR miR-223 have relevant roles in the inflammatory response and antioxidant system regulation of these diseases. ADs are characterized by clinical heterogeneity, which impedes early diagnosis and effective personalized treatment. Redox-sensitive miRNAs and inflamma-miRs can help improve personalized medicine in these complex and heterogeneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- U733, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- U733, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Hospital Dr. Peset, Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, FISABIO, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
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iTRAQ Proteomics Identified the Potential Biomarkers of Coronary Artery Lesion in Kawasaki Disease and In Vitro Studies Demonstrated That S100A4 Treatment Made HCAECs More Susceptible to Neutrophil Infiltration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112770. [PMID: 36361563 PMCID: PMC9658444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery lesions (CAL) are a major complication of Kawasaki disease (KD). The early prediction of CAL enables the medical personnel to apply adequate medical intervention. We collected the serum samples from the KD patients with CAL (n = 32) and those without CAL (n = 31), followed by a global screening with isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology and specific validation with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). iTRAQ identified 846 proteins in total in the serum samples, and four candidate proteins related to CAL were selected for ELISA validation as follows: Protein S100-A4 (S100A4), Catalase (CAT), Folate receptor gamma (FOLR3), and Galectin 10 (CLC). ELISA validation showed that the S100A4 level was significantly higher in KD patients with CAL than in those without CAL (225.2 ± 209.5 vs. 143.3 ± 83 pg/mL, p < 0.05). In addition, KD patients with CAL had a significantly lower CAT level than those without CAL (1.6 ± 1.5 vs. 2.7 ± 2.3 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Next, we found that S100A4 treatment on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) reduced the abundance of cell junction proteins, which promoted the migration of HCAECs. Further assays also demonstrated that S100A4 treatment enhanced the permeability of the endothelial layer. These results concluded that S100A4 treatment resulted in an incompact endothelial layer and made HCAECs more susceptible to in vitro neutrophil infiltration. In addition, both upregulated S100A4 and downregulated CAT increased the risk of CAL in KD. Further in vitro study implied that S100A4 could be a potential therapeutic target for CAL in KD.
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Andreozzi L, Bracci B, D'Errico F, Rigante D. A master role for neutrophils in Kawasaki syndrome. Immunol Lett 2017; 184:112-114. [PMID: 28219676 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andreozzi
- Institute of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bracci
- Institute of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Errico
- Institute of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Rigante
- Institute of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Rasouli M, Heidari B, Kalani M. Downregulation of Th17 cells and the related cytokines with treatment in Kawasaki disease. Immunol Lett 2014; 162:269-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Yeter D, Deth R. ITPKC susceptibility in Kawasaki syndrome as a sensitizing factor for autoimmunity and coronary arterial wall relaxation induced by thimerosal's effects on calcium signaling via IP3. Autoimmun Rev 2012; 11:903-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Inoue Y, Kato M, Kobayashi T, Shinohara M, Sone K, Morikawa A. Increased circulating granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in acute Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Int 1999; 41:330-3. [PMID: 10365591 DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-200x.1999.01074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan
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Noh GW, Lee WG, Lee W, Lee K. Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on plasma interleukin-10 levels in Kawasaki disease. Immunol Lett 1998; 62:19-24. [PMID: 9672143 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(98)00016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile disease in children and many inflammatory cytokines are known to be involved in its pathogenesis. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and previous reports have shown blood IL-10 levels were elevated during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. In this study, we endeavoured to clarify the effects of i.v.IG on plasma IL-10 levels and to verify by RT-PCR, using specific primers, whether viral IL-10 or human IL-10 was responsible for high plasma IL-10. T-cells and B-cells were separated using magnetic beads, and IL-10 mRNA expressions were tested in both cell types. The mean plasma IL-10 levels were significantly decreased from 125.037 +/- 111.161 pg/ml, before i.v.IG treatment, to 32.437 +/- 54.716 pg/ml, after i.v.IG treatment, in subjects with Kawasaki disease. The levels of patients before i.v.IG treatment were significantly higher than those of the acute febrile patients (mean 26.956 +/- 13.316 pg/ml) and the normal controls (mean 16.042 +/- 5.088 pg/ml). RT-PCR was performed using specific primers to distinguish whether viral IL-10 (BCRF-1) or human IL-10 was produced in Kawasaki disease. Viral IL-10 (BCRF-1) mRNA expression was not detected in any groups and only human IL-10 mRNA transcripts were detected in PBMCs of Kawasaki patients as well as in those of acute febrile patients and normal controls. Human IL-10 mRNA transcripts were detected in both CD3+ T-cells and CD19+ B-cells. Elevated IL-10 levels during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease decreased immediately after i.v.IG administration, coincidentally with rapid improvement of inflammatory symptoms. Elevated plasma IL-10 in Kawasaki disease was transcripted from the human IL-10 gene and IL-10 mRNA expressions were detected in both T- and B-cells. Therefore, this study suggests that plasma IL-10 levels may be useful in the early identification and discrimination of the acute phase of Kawasaki disease from other febrile diseases. However, i.v.IG effects on IL-10 production still needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Noh
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University, College of Medicine, Samsung Cheil Hospital, Women's Healthcare Centre, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim H, Yamaguchi H, Inamo K, Okada T, Harada K. Changes in apolipoproteins during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. ACTA PAEDIATRICA JAPONICA : OVERSEAS EDITION 1995; 37:672-6. [PMID: 8775549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1995.tb03402.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To determine disturbances of lipid metabolism in patients with Kawasaki disease, we investigated changes in the serum levels of apolipoproteins and serum lipids. Results were as follows. Total serum cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased during the early stage of Kawasaki disease. The apo A-I and A-II levels were low until the 2nd week of illness. Apo B decreased during the 1st week of illness, but rose slightly during the 2nd and 3rd weeks. The apo B/apo A-I ratio and the apo B/TC ratio were high in the early stages of illness. The group of patients with coronary artery lesions showed low levels of TC and HDL-C, and low levels of apo A-I, A-II and B during the early stages, compared with the group without coronary artery lesions. The apo B/TC ratio was significantly higher in the patients with coronary artery lesions during the 2nd week of illness. Our findings suggest an association between changes in serum lipids and apolipoproteins and coronary artery involvement in Kawasaki disease. These abnormalities may indicate the presence of early coronary arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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