1
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Tang AS, Rankin KP, Cerono G, Miramontes S, Mills H, Roger J, Zeng B, Nelson C, Soman K, Woldemariam S, Li Y, Lee A, Bove R, Glymour M, Aghaeepour N, Oskotsky TT, Miller Z, Allen IE, Sanders SJ, Baranzini S, Sirota M. Leveraging electronic health records and knowledge networks for Alzheimer's disease prediction and sex-specific biological insights. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:379-395. [PMID: 38383858 PMCID: PMC10950787 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) onset risk can facilitate interventions before irreversible disease progression. We demonstrate that electronic health records from the University of California, San Francisco, followed by knowledge networks (for example, SPOKE) allow for (1) prediction of AD onset and (2) prioritization of biological hypotheses, and (3) contextualization of sex dimorphism. We trained random forest models and predicted AD onset on a cohort of 749 individuals with AD and 250,545 controls with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.72 (7 years prior) to 0.81 (1 day prior). We further harnessed matched cohort models to identify conditions with predictive power before AD onset. Knowledge networks highlight shared genes between multiple top predictors and AD (for example, APOE, ACTB, IL6 and INS). Genetic colocalization analysis supports AD association with hyperlipidemia at the APOE locus, as well as a stronger female AD association with osteoporosis at a locus near MS4A6A. We therefore show how clinical data can be utilized for early AD prediction and identification of personalized biological hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice S Tang
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, San Francisco and Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Cerono
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Silvia Miramontes
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hunter Mills
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Roger
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Billy Zeng
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charlotte Nelson
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karthik Soman
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Woldemariam
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yaqiao Li
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Albert Lee
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Riley Bove
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Glymour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tomiko T Oskotsky
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zachary Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Isabel E Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephan J Sanders
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sergio Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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2
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Barrera-Vázquez OS, Hernández-González O. Structural and Pharmacological Network Focused on MiRNAs Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:599-609. [PMID: 37185324 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230423144114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that has a prevalence of over one percent of the world population, causing substantial pain, joint deformity, and functional disability in patients. The identification and measurement of miRNAs are relatively easy to perform. Future studies will corroborate if miRNAs can fulfill their roles as biomarkers with either predictive or diagnostic evaluation of treatment potential and provide actual clinical utility. METHODS In the last decade, various advances have been made regarding the identification of the origin and exact functions of miRNAs, allowing us to have a potential use both in the research and clinical fields. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to collect, analyze, and improve the current understanding of RA-related miRNAs and their applicability in therapeutics. A bibliographic search of the miRNAs involved in RA was carried out, and through the use of databases, their target genes and small molecules that had some relationship with their expression were searched. The analysis of these data was done through structural network analysis. RESULTS During the network analysis, miR-30a, miR-30c, let-7a, miR-144, miR-17-5p, miR-124, miR -23b, miR-23, miR-15a, miR-16 were the most connected, which could be used as possible biomarkers or be candidates for further analysis due to their interaction with other miRNAs and genes. CONCLUSION Additionally, this is the first systematic review, in which we proposed that small compounds like toxicants and drugs could have a potential role within RA because they regulate the expression of miRNAs involved in this pathology. Some of these compounds are commonly found as environmental contaminants, and others as drugs. These ideas open a new panorama of understanding RA, proposing possible causes or treatments against this pathology. Therefore, these small molecules would give us some indication of a relationship with RA, thereby helping in seeking causes, treatment, or prevention of this disease. CONCLUSION This is the first time it is intended to use structural network analysis to determine possible biomarkers of AR for diagnosis and prognosis through the expression of these miRNAs and their relationship with compounds of daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Hernández-González
- Laboratorio de Microscopia Electrónica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Mexico City, 14389, Mexico
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3
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Chen L, Li Z, Wu H. CeDAR: incorporating cell type hierarchy improves cell type-specific differential analyses in bulk omics data. Genome Biol 2023; 24:37. [PMID: 36855165 PMCID: PMC9972684 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bulk high-throughput omics data contain signals from a mixture of cell types. Recent developments of deconvolution methods facilitate cell type-specific inferences from bulk data. Our real data exploration suggests that differential expression or methylation status is often correlated among cell types. Based on this observation, we develop a novel statistical method named CeDAR to incorporate the cell type hierarchy in cell type-specific differential analyses of bulk data. Extensive simulation and real data analyses demonstrate that this approach significantly improves the accuracy and power in detecting cell type-specific differential signals compared with existing methods, especially in low-abundance cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxiao Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, GA 30322 Atlanta, USA
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of MD Anderson Cancer Center, 77030 Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
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Caire R, Dalix E, Chafchafi M, Thomas M, Linossier MT, Normand M, Guignandon A, Vico L, Marotte H. YAP Transcriptional Activity Dictates Cell Response to TNF In Vitro. Front Immunol 2022; 13:856247. [PMID: 35401557 PMCID: PMC8989468 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
YAP/TAZ are transcription co-factors recently described responsive to pro-inflammatory cytokines and involved in inflammatory-related disorders. However, the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine, on YAP signaling is not well understood and controversial. Here, we observe in vitro, using wild type and YAP knockout HEK293 cells, that TNF triggers YAP nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, thus being dependent on Rho family of GTPases. In response to TNF, YAP transcriptional activity orientates cell fate toward survival. Transcriptional analysis with Nanostring technology reveals that YAP modulates TNF-induced increase in fibro-inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, inflammasomes, cytokines or chemokines signaling and pro-fibrotic pathways involving TGF-β and extracellular matrix remodeling. Therefore, in response to TNF, YAP acts as a sustainer of the inflammatory response and as a molecular link between inflammation and fibrotic processes. This work identifies that YAP is critical to drive several biological effects of TNF which are involved in cancer and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Caire
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Elisa Dalix
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marwa Chafchafi
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Mireille Thomas
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Myriam Normand
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Alain Guignandon
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hubert Marotte
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.,Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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5
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Feldt J, Schicht M, Welss J, Gelse K, Sesselmann S, Tsokos M, Socher E, Garreis F, Müller T, Paulsen F. Production and Secretion of Gelsolin by Both Human Macrophage- and Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes and GSN Modulation in the Synovial Fluid of Patients with Various Forms of Arthritis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:723. [PMID: 35327525 PMCID: PMC8945596 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelsolin (GSN) is an actin-binding protein involved in cell formation, metabolism and wound closure processes. Since this protein is known to play a role in arthritis, here we investigate how the synovial membrane with its specific synoviocytes contributes to the expression of GSN and how the amount of GSN expressed is modulated by different types of arthritis. Synovial membranes from adult healthy subjects and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are analyzed by immunofluorescence, Western blot and ELISA. Macrophage-like synoviocytes (MLS) and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated, cultured and analyzed for their potential to produce and secrete GSN. In addition, the GSN concentrations in the synovial fluid of various forms of arthritis are determined by ELISA. GSN is produced by the healthy and arthritic synovial membranes. Both forms of synoviocytes (MLS and FLS) release GSN. The results show that there is a significant reduction in GSN in the synovial fluid in adult patients with OA. This reduction is also detectable in adult patients with RA but is not as evident. In juvenile arthritis, there is a slight increase in GSN concentration in the synovial fluid. This study shows that primary MLS and FLS express GSN and that these cells, in addition to articular chondrocytes, contribute to GSN levels in synovial fluid. Furthermore, GSN concentrations are modulated in different types of arthritis. Further studies are needed to fully understand how GSN is involved in joint homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Feldt
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Martin Schicht
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Jessica Welss
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Traunstein, 83278 Traunstein, Germany;
| | - Stefan Sesselmann
- Institute for Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden, 92224 Amberg, Germany;
| | - Michael Tsokos
- Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Eileen Socher
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Fabian Garreis
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatrics I, Pediatric Rheumatology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
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6
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Molecular Dynamics Study of Citrullinated Proteins Associated with the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10010008. [PMID: 35225987 PMCID: PMC8884019 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological activity regulation by protein post-translational modification (PTM) is critical for cell function, development, differentiation, and survival. Dysregulation of PTM proteins is present in various pathological conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects joints, and there are three main types of protein PTMs associated with the development of this disease, namely, glycosylation, citrullination, and carbamylation. Glycosylation is important for the processing and presentation of antigen fragments on the cell surface and can modulate immunoglobulin activity. The citrullination of autoantigens is closely associated with RA, as evidenced by the presence of antibodies specific to citrullinated proteins in the serum of patients. Carbamylation and dysregulation have recently been associated with RA development in humans.In this study, we performed an overview analysis of proteins with post-translational modifications associated with the development of RA adverted in peer-reviewed scientific papers for the past 20 years. As a result of the search, a list of target proteins and corresponding amino acid sequences with PTM in RA was formed. Structural characteristics of the listed modified proteins were extracted from the Protein Data Bank. Then, molecular dynamics experiments of intact protein structures and corresponding structures with PTMs were performed regarding structures in the list announced in the ProtDB service. This study aimed to conduct a molecular dynamics study of intact proteins and proteins, including post-translational modification and protein citrullination, likely associated with RA development. We observed another exhibition of the fundamental physics concept, symmetry, at the submolecular level, unveiled as the autonomous repetitions of outside the protein structural motif performance globule corresponding to those in the whole protein molecule.
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7
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Payandeh Z, Pirpour Tazehkand A, Azargoonjahromi A, Almasi F, Alagheband Bahrami A. The Role of Cell Organelles in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Focus on Exosomes. Biol Proced Online 2021; 23:20. [PMID: 34736402 PMCID: PMC8567674 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-021-00158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Auto-immune diseases involved at least 25% of the population in wealthy countries. Several factors including genetic, epigenetic, and environmental elements are implicated in development of Rheumatoid Arthritis as an autoimmune disease. Autoantibodies cause synovial inflammation and arthritis, if left untreated or being under continual external stimulation, could result in chronic inflammation, joint injury, and disability. T- and B-cells, signaling molecules, proinflammatory mediators, and synovium-specific targets are among the new therapeutic targets. Exosomes could be employed as therapeutic vectors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Herein, the role of cell organelle particularly exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis had discussed and some therapeutic applications of exosome highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazehkand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Singh A, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Mani V, Alsubayiel AM, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Bungau S. Exploring the therapeutic promise of targeting Rho kinase in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1641-1651. [PMID: 34704172 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease caused by dysregulated inflammatory reactions, T lymphocyte invasion into the joints, and articular thickening. Immune cells, primarily tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and chemokines (interleukin or IL-1), which are predominantly generated by activated macrophages cells, have also been involved with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Rho GTPases are integral factors of biochemical cascades utilized by antigens, and also by cellular receptors, cytokines, and chemokines, to modulate inflammatory reactions, according to growing data. The Rho family is a group of G proteins that govern a variety of biological and physiological activities such as mobility, actin stress fiber production, growth, and polarity. Research suggests that the Rho A and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) regulatory cascade could be essential in several autoimmune conditions, including RA. ROCK is activated in the synovial of rheumatoid arthritis patients, while the blocking of ROCK with fasudil could also decrease IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1. This review covers current developments in understanding the overactivation of Rho enzyme activity in RA suppressed by ROCK inhibitors which can be utilized for the treatment of autoimmune disease. We offer an outline of the function of ROCK inhibitors in immune cells and discuss findings which emphasize the rising participation of this category of kinases within the pathological process of autoimmune disorders. Assuming the potential ability of ROCK as a therapeutic, we define approaches that might be used to inhibit Rho kinase activity in rheumatoid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Vasudevan Mani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal M Alsubayiel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.,School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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9
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Cutiongco MFA, Jensen BS, Reynolds PM, Gadegaard N. Predicting gene expression using morphological cell responses to nanotopography. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1384. [PMID: 32170111 PMCID: PMC7070086 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells respond in complex ways to their environment, making it challenging to predict a direct relationship between the two. A key problem is the lack of informative representations of parameters that translate directly into biological function. Here we present a platform to relate the effects of cell morphology to gene expression induced by nanotopography. This platform utilizes the ‘morphome’, a multivariate dataset of cell morphology parameters. We create a Bayesian linear regression model that uses the morphome to robustly predict changes in bone, cartilage, muscle and fibrous gene expression induced by nanotopography. Furthermore, through this model we effectively predict nanotopography-induced gene expression from a complex co-culture microenvironment. The information from the morphome uncovers previously unknown effects of nanotopography on altering cell–cell interaction and osteogenic gene expression at the single cell level. The predictive relationship between morphology and gene expression arising from cell-material interaction shows promise for exploration of new topographies. The surface nanotopography of biomaterials direct cell behavior, but screening for desired effects is inefficient. Here, the authors introduce a platform that enables prediction of nanotopography-induced gene expression changes from changes in cell morphology, including in co-culture environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie F A Cutiongco
- Divison of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Paul M Reynolds
- Divison of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nikolaj Gadegaard
- Divison of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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10
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Ulgen E, Ozisik O, Sezerman OU. pathfindR: An R Package for Comprehensive Identification of Enriched Pathways in Omics Data Through Active Subnetworks. Front Genet 2019; 10:858. [PMID: 31608109 PMCID: PMC6773876 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathway analysis is often the first choice for studying the mechanisms underlying a phenotype. However, conventional methods for pathway analysis do not take into account complex protein-protein interaction information, resulting in incomplete conclusions. Previously, numerous approaches that utilize protein-protein interaction information to enhance pathway analysis yielded superior results compared to conventional methods. Hereby, we present pathfindR, another approach exploiting protein-protein interaction information and the first R package for active-subnetwork-oriented pathway enrichment analyses for class comparison omics experiments. Using the list of genes obtained from an omics experiment comparing two groups of samples, pathfindR identifies active subnetworks in a protein-protein interaction network. It then performs pathway enrichment analyses on these identified subnetworks. To further reduce the complexity, it provides functionality for clustering the resulting pathways. Moreover, through a scoring function, the overall activity of each pathway in each sample can be estimated. We illustrate the capabilities of our pathway analysis method on three gene expression datasets and compare our results with those obtained from three popular pathway analysis tools. The results demonstrate that literature-supported disease-related pathways ranked higher in our approach compared to the others. Moreover, pathfindR identified additional pathways relevant to the conditions that were not identified by other tools, including pathways named after the conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ege Ulgen
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan Ozisik
- Department of Computer Engineering, Electrical & Electronics Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Ugur Sezerman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Platzer A, Nussbaumer T, Karonitsch T, Smolen JS, Aletaha D. Analysis of gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis and related conditions offers insights into sex-bias, gene biotypes and co-expression patterns. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219698. [PMID: 31344123 PMCID: PMC6657850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The era of next-generation sequencing has mounted the foundation of many gene expression studies. In rheumatoid arthritis research, this has led to the discovery of important candidate genes which offered novel insights into mechanisms and their possible roles in the cure of the disease. In the last years, data generation has outstripped data analysis and while many studies focused on specific aspects of the disease, a global picture of the disease is not yet accomplished. Here, we analyzed and compared a collection of gene expression information from healthy individuals and from patients suffering under different arthritis conditions from published studies containing the following clinical conditions: early and established rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and arthralgia. We show comprehensive overviews of this data collection and give new insights specifically on gene expression in the early stage, into sex-dependent gene expression, and we describe general differences in expression of different biotypes of genes. Many genes that are related to cytoskeleton changes (actin filament related genes) are differently expressed in early rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to healthy subjects; interestingly, eight of these genes reverse their expression ratio significantly between men and women compared early rheumatoid arthritis and healthy subjects. There are some slighter changes between men and woman between the conditions early and established rheumatoid arthritis. Another aspect are miRNAs and other gene biotypes which are not only promising candidates for diagnoses but also change their expression grossly in average at rheumatoid arthritis and arthralgia compared to the healthy condition. With a selection of intersecting genes, we were able to generate simple classification models to distinguish between healthy and rheumatoid arthritis as well as between early rheumatoid arthritis to other arthritides based on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Platzer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Nussbaumer
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Karonitsch
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef S. Smolen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Sakkou M, Chouvardas P, Ntari L, Prados A, Moreth K, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabe de Angelis M, Denis MC, Karagianni N, Kollias G. Mesenchymal TNFR2 promotes the development of polyarthritis and comorbid heart valve stenosis. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98864. [PMID: 29618659 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal TNF signaling is etiopathogenic for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis (SpA). The role of Tnfr1 in arthritis has been documented; however, Tnfr2 functions are unknown. Here, we investigate the mesenchymal-specific role of Tnfr2 in the TnfΔARE mouse model of SpA in arthritis and heart valve stenosis comorbidity by cell-specific, Col6a1-cre-driven gene targeting. We find that TNF/Tnfr2 signaling in resident synovial fibroblasts (SFs) and valvular interstitial cells (VICs) is detrimental for both pathologies, pointing to common cellular mechanisms. In contrast, systemic Tnfr2 provides protective signaling, since its complete deletion leads to severe deterioration of both pathologies. SFs and VICs lacking Tnfr2 fail to acquire pathogenic activated phenotypes and display increased expression of antiinflammatory cytokines associated with decreased Akt signaling. Comparative RNA sequencing experiments showed that the majority of the deregulated pathways in TnfΔARE mesenchymal-origin SFs and VICs, including proliferation, inflammation, migration, and disease-specific genes, are regulated by Tnfr2; thus, in its absence, they are maintained in a quiescent nonpathogenic state. Our data indicate a pleiotropy of Tnfr2 functions, with mesenchymal Tnfr2 driving cell activation and arthritis/valve stenosis pathogenesis only in the presence of systemic Tnfr2, whereas nonmesenchymal Tnfr2 overcomes this function, providing protective signals and, thus, containing both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sakkou
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Chouvardas
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece.,Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lydia Ntari
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Alejandro Prados
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Kristin Moreth
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie, Freising, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - George Kollias
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece.,Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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13
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Ntari L, Sakkou M, Chouvardas P, Mourouzis I, Prados A, Denis MC, Karagianni N, Pantos C, Kollias G. Comorbid TNF-mediated heart valve disease and chronic polyarthritis share common mesenchymal cell-mediated aetiopathogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77:926-934. [PMID: 29475857 PMCID: PMC5965351 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritisshow higher mortality rates, mainly caused by cardiac comorbidities. The TghuTNF (Tg197) arthritis model develops tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-driven and mesenchymalsynovial fibroblast (SF)-dependent polyarthritis. Here, we investigate whether this model develops, similarly to human patients, comorbid heart pathology and explore cellular and molecular mechanisms linking arthritis to cardiac comorbidities. Methods Histopathological analysis and echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac function were performed in the Tg197 model. Valve interstitial cells (VICs) were targeted by mice carrying the ColVI-Cretransgene. Tg197 ColVI-Cre Tnfr1fl/fl and Tg197 ColVI-Cre Tnfr1cneo/cneo mutant mice were used to explore the role of mesenchymal TNF signalling in the development of heart valve disease. Pathogenic VICs and SFs were further analysed by comparative RNA-sequencing analysis. Results Tg197 mice develop left-sided heart valve disease, characterised by valvular fibrosis with minimal signs of inflammation. Thickened valve areas consist almost entirely of hyperproliferative ColVI-expressing mesenchymal VICs. Development of pathology results in valve stenosis and left ventricular dysfunction, accompanied by arrhythmic episodes and, occasionally, valvular regurgitation. TNF dependency of the pathology was indicated by disease modulation following pharmacological inhibition or mesenchymal-specific genetic ablation or activation of TNF/TNFR1 signalling. Tg197-derived VICs exhibited an activated phenotype ex vivo, reminiscent of the activated pathogenic phenotype of Tg197-derived SFs. Significant functional similarities between SFs and VICs were revealed by RNA-seq analysis, demonstrating common cellular mechanisms underlying TNF-mediated arthritides and cardiac comorbidities. Conclusions Comorbidheart valve disease and chronic polyarthritis are efficiently modelled in the Tg197 arthritis model and share common TNF/TNFR1-mediated, mesenchymal cell-specific aetiopathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Ntari
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Sakkou
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Chouvardas
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Iordanis Mourouzis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Alejandro Prados
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | | | | | - Constantinos Pantos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
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14
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Vordenbäumen S, Lueking A, Budde P, Zucht HD, Goehler H, Brinks R, Fischer-Betz R, Richter J, Bleck E, Detert J, Langer HE, Sörgel A, Burmester GR, Schulz-Knappe P, Schneider M. Sequential high-content profiling of the IgG-autoantibody repertoire reveals novel antigens in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:235. [PMID: 27729089 PMCID: PMC5059912 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to identify novel diagnostic autoantibody candidates for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by comprehensive screening for autoreactivity. Method We incubated 5892 recombinant proteins coupled to fluorescent beads, with patients’ sera for the detection of IgG-autoantibodies in three independent patient cohorts: A (n = 72 patients with established RA); B/B- (n = 116 patients with early RA (B) and n = 51 CCP-negative patients with early RA from B (B-)); and C (n = 184 patients with early seronegative RA), in comparison to matched healthy controls. Intersects of significantly increased autoantibodies as determined by the Mann-Whitney test were sought. Result Screening of 5892 antigens in RA cohorts A and B, or the seronegative cohorts B- and C revealed intersects of 23 and 13 significantly increased autoantibodies, respectively. Reactivity to three antigens was increased in all cohorts tested: N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, gamma subunit (GNPTG), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1-like 2 (HNRNPA1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). Conclusions Comprehensive sequential screening for autoantibodies reveals novel candidates for diagnostic markers in both seropositive and seronegative RA and suggests new fields of research into the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | - Ralph Brinks
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany.,German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometry and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Fischer-Betz
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Jutta Richter
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Detert
- Department Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Eckhard Langer
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Osteololgy at Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Sörgel
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester
- Department Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Schneider
- Department Rheumatology & Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
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15
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Chen C, Xie J, Rajappa R, Deng L, Fredberg J, Yang L. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α increase stiffness and impair contractile function of articular chondrocytes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:121-9. [PMID: 25520178 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmu116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are major proinflammatory cytokines involved in osteoarthritis (OA). These cytokines disturb chondrocyte metabolism by suppressing the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins and stimulating the release of catabolic proteases, but little is known about their role in chondrocyte mechanics. Thus, the aim of this study was to measure the effects of IL-1β and TNF-α on the mechanical properties of the chondrocytes. Chondrocytes from goat knee joints were cultured in 96-well plates. The cellular stiffness and contractile function were probed using optical magnetic twisting cytometry, the cytoskeleton and the expression of extracellular matrix proteins were visualized using immunofluorescent staining, and chondrocyte phenotypical expression was measured by western blot analysis. Results showed that chondrocyte stiffness was dramatically decreased by disruption of F-actin but was unaffected by disruption of the intermediate filament vimentin. Treatment with 10 ng/ml IL-1β or 40 ng/ml TNF-α for 24 h substantially increased the expression level of F-actin and cellular stiffness, and impaired cell stiffening in response to the contractile agonist histamine, but these effects were blocked by the Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor Y27632. In conclusion, IL-1β and TNF-α substantially change the mechanical properties of the chondrocytes in vitro. While changes of chondrocyte mechanics in vivo during OA progression remain unclear, this finding reveals a prominent role of these cytokines in cellular mechanics and provides insight for anti-cytokine therapies of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ravikumar Rajappa
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Linhong Deng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jeffrey Fredberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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16
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Optimized "in vitro" culture conditions for human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:702057. [PMID: 25548436 PMCID: PMC4235579 DOI: 10.1155/2014/702057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is complex and strongly influences the microenvironment of joints and it is an inseparable element of the disease. Currently, “in vitro” studies are performed on RA cells cultured in the presence of either recombinant proinflammatory cytokines-conditioned medium or medium alone. In this study, we evaluated the use of synovial fluid, derived from RA patients, as optimal culture condition to perform “in vitro” studies on RA synovial fibroblasts. We observed that synovial fluid is more effective in inducing cell proliferation with respect to TNF-alpha or culture medium alone. Spontaneous apoptosis in fibroblasts was also decreased in response to synovial fluid. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the presence of synovial fluid was significantly elevated with respect to cells cultured with TNF-alpha or medium, and the overall morphology of cells was also modified. In addition, modulation of intracellular calcium dynamics elicited in response to synovial fluid or TNF-alpha exposure is different and suggests a role for the purinergic signalling in the modulation of the effects. These results emphasize the importance of using RA synovial fluid in “in vitro” studies involving RA cells, in order to reproduce faithfully the physiopathological environmental characteristic of RA joints.
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17
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Xiao Y, Sun M, Zhan Z, Ye Y, Huang M, Zou Y, Liang L, Yang X, Xu H. Increased phosphorylation of ezrin is associated with the migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1291-300. [PMID: 24599913 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence indicates that the cytoskeletal protein ezrin may play a critical role in cell motility. This study aims to investigate the role of ezrin in regulating the migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from patients with RA. METHODS Synovial tissues were obtained from 12 patients with RA and 6 with OA, and then FLSs were separated from synovial tissues. The expression of ezrin and phosphorylated ezrin (p-ezrin) was examined by Western blotting or IF staining. A specific inhibitor of ezrin phosphorylation and small interference RNA-mediated ezrin knockdown were used to inhibit the phosphorylation of ezrin. Migration and invasion of FLSs in vitro were measured by the Boyden chamber assay. RESULTS Increased expression of p-ezrin protein was found in synovial tissue and FLSs in patients with RA compared with patients with OA. Stimulation with TNF-α and IL-1β increased ezrin phosphorylation in RA FLSs. Inhibition of p-ezrin protein by a specific inhibitor of phosphorylation of ezrin and small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown reduced in vitro migration and invasion, as well as actin stress fibre formation in RA FLS. Furthermore, rho kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathways were involved in the phosphorylation of ezrin and invasion of RA FLSs. CONCLUSION Increased expression of p-ezrin may contribute to aberrant aggressive behaviours of RA FLSs, which are mediated by rho kinase and the p38 MAPK pathway. This suggests a novel strategy targeting phosphorylation of ezrin to prevent synovial invasiveness and joint destruction in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengying Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongping Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujin Ye
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingcheng Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoyao Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Iliopoulos D, Gkretsi V, Tsezou A. Proteomics of osteoarthritic chondrocytes and cartilage. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 7:749-60. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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A synoviocyte model for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: response to Ibuprofen, betamethasone, and ginger extract-a cross-sectional in vitro study. ARTHRITIS 2012; 2012:505842. [PMID: 23365744 PMCID: PMC3546442 DOI: 10.1155/2012/505842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining if synovial cell cultures from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and healthy controls (HC) differ and are suitable disease models in pharmacological studies, and tested their response to some anti-inflammatory drugs. Synovial cells were isolated from synovial membrane or joint fluid. Cells were cultivated and exposed to no or TNF-α stimulation without, or in the presence of, betamethasone, ibuprofen, or a standardized ginger extract. Concentrations of a panel of cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines were mapped for each culture and condition. Our cells secreted an increased amount of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in response to TNF-α stimulation in all conditions. OA cells showed a higher IL-6 and IL-8 and a lower IL-1β production, when not stimulated, than RA and HC cells, which were similar. TNF-α stimulation caused similar IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 release in all groups. Ibuprofen showed no effect on cytokine production, while ginger extract was similar to betamethasone. Ginger extract was as effective an anti-inflammatory agent as betamethasone in this in vitro model. Cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes from OA and RA subjects promise to be a useful pharmacological disease model, but further studies, to support results from such a model are needed.
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20
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Gharbi M, Deberg M, Henrotin Y. Application for proteomic techniques in studying osteoarthritis: a review. Front Physiol 2011; 2:90. [PMID: 22144964 PMCID: PMC3228966 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After the genomic era, proteomic corresponds to a wide variety of techniques that study the protein content of cells, tissue, or organism and that allow the isolation of protein of interest. It offers the choice between gel-based and gel-free methods or shotgun proteomics. Applications of proteomic technology may concern three principal objectives in several biomedical or clinical domains of research as in osteoarthritis: (i) to understand the physiopathology or underlying mechanisms leading to a disease or associated with a particular model, (ii), to find disease-specific biomarker, and (iii) to identify new therapeutic targets. This review aimed at gathering most of the data regarding the proteomic techniques and their applications to osteoarthritis research. It also reported technical limitations and solutions, as for example for sample preparation. Proteomics open wide perspectives in biochemical research but many technical matters still remain to be solved.
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21
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Diaz R, Quiles MT, Guillem-Marti J, Lopez-Cano M, Huguet P, Ramon-Y-Cajal S, Reventos J, Armengol M, Arbos MA. Apoptosis-like cell death induction and aberrant fibroblast properties in human incisional hernia fascia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 178:2641-53. [PMID: 21641387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Incisional hernia often occurs following laparotomy and can be a source of serious problems. Although there is evidence that a biological cause may underlie its development, the mechanistic link between the local tissue microenvironment and tissue rupture is lacking. In this study, we used matched tissue-based and in vitro primary cell culture systems to examine the possible involvement of fascia fibroblasts in incisional hernia pathogenesis. Fascia biopsies were collected at surgery from incisional hernia patients and non-incisional hernia controls. Tissue samples were analyzed by histology and immunoblotting methods. Fascia primary fibroblast cultures were assessed at morphological, ultrastructural, and functional levels. We document tissue and fibroblast loss coupled to caspase-3 activation and induction of apoptosis-like cell-death mechanisms in incisional hernia fascia. Alterations in cytoskeleton organization and solubility were also observed. Incisional hernia fibroblasts showed a consistent phenotype throughout early passages in vitro, which was characterized by significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration, reduced adhesion, and altered cytoskeleton properties, as compared to non-incisional hernia fibroblasts. Moreover, incisional hernia fibroblasts displayed morphological and ultrastructural alterations compatible with autophagic processes or lysosomal dysfunction, together with enhanced sensitivity to proapoptotic challenges. Overall, these data suggest an ongoing complex interplay of cell death induction, aberrant fibroblast function, and tissue loss in incisional hernia fascia, which may significantly contribute to altered matrix maintenance and tissue rupture in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Diaz
- Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Croft DR, Crighton D, Samuel MS, Lourenco FC, Munro J, Wood J, Bensaad K, Vousden KH, Sansom OJ, Ryan KM, Olson MF. p53-mediated transcriptional regulation and activation of the actin cytoskeleton regulatory RhoC to LIMK2 signaling pathway promotes cell survival. Cell Res 2011; 21:666-82. [PMID: 21079653 PMCID: PMC3145139 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2010.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The central arbiter of cell fate in response to DNA damage is p53, which regulates the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, survival and apoptosis. Although many responses initiated by DNA damage have been characterized, the role of actin cytoskeleton regulators is largely unknown. We now show that RhoC and LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) are direct p53 target genes induced by genotoxic agents. Although RhoC and LIMK2 have well-established roles in actin cytoskeleton regulation, our results indicate that activation of LIMK2 also has a pro-survival function following DNA damage. LIMK inhibition by siRNA-mediated knockdown or selective pharmacological blockade sensitized cells to radio- or chemotherapy, such that treatments that were sub-lethal when administered singly resulted in cell death when combined with LIMK inhibition. Our findings suggest that combining LIMK inhibitors with genotoxic therapies could be more efficacious than single-agent administration, and highlight a novel connection between actin cytoskeleton regulators and DNA damage-induced cell survival mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Croft
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Diane Crighton
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Current address: Cancer Research Technology, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Michael S Samuel
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Filipe C Lourenco
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - June Munro
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Jenifer Wood
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karim Bensaad
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Current address: Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Michael F Olson
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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Huang H, Xiao Y, Lin H, Fu D, Zhan Z, Liang L, Yang X, Fan J, Ye Y, Sun L, Xu H. Increased phosphorylation of ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins contributes to proliferation of rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011; 50:1045-53. [PMID: 21278069 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing evidence indicates that ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins may play a critical role in cell proliferation. This study examined the role of ERM proteins in proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients with RA. METHODS Synovial tissues (STs) were obtained from 18 RA and 6 OA patients. The expression of ERM and its phosphorylated proteins in cultured FLS and ST was assessed by western blots or IF staining. Small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated ERM knockdown was used to inhibit phosphorylation of ERM. Proliferation of FLS was measured by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into cell DNA and by PCNA immunoblotting. RESULTS Our study showed that increased phosphorylation of ERM proteins was found in ST and FLS from patients with RA as compared with OA patients and non-arthritis controls. Treatment with TNF-α, IL-1β or PDGF-induced phosphorylation of ERM proteins in dose- and time-dependent manner by RA FLS, but did not affect the expression of total ERM protein. Rho kinase and p38MAPK signal pathways were involved in TNF-α-induced ERM phosphorylation. We further showed that inhibition of ERM phosphorylation by siRNA-mediated ERM knockdown suppressed TNF-α- or IL-1β-induced BrdU incorporation and PCNA expression in RA FLS. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the novel evidence that increased phosphorylation of ERM proteins may contribute to proliferation of RA FLS, suggesting that specific inhibition of ERM phosphorylation may be a new therapeutic approach for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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Hsu YH, Chang MS. Interleukin-20 antibody is a potential therapeutic agent for experimental arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:3311-21. [PMID: 20722035 DOI: 10.1002/art.27689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated whether anti-IL-20 antibody treatment would modulate the severity of the disease in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. METHODS We generated a CIA model by immunizing rats with bovine type II collagen. Rats with CIA were treated subcutaneously with anti-IL-20 antibody 7E, with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker etanercept, or with 7E in combination with etanercept. Arthritis severity was determined according to the hind paw thickness, arthritis severity score, degree of cartilage damage, bone mineral density, and cytokine production, which were evaluated using radiologic scans, microfocal computed tomography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To analyze gene regulation by IL-20, rat synovial fibroblasts (SFs) were isolated and analyzed for the expression of RANKL, IL-17, and TNFα. We also used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and flow cytometry to determine IL-20-regulated RANKL in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and Th17 cells. RESULTS In vivo, treatment with 7E alone or in combination with etanercept significantly reduced the severity of arthritis by decreasing the hind paw thickness and swelling, preventing cartilage damage and bone loss, and reducing the expression of IL-20, IL-1β, IL-6, RANKL, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial tissue. In vitro, IL-20 induced TNFα expression in SFs from rats with CIA. IL-20 markedly induced RANKL production in SFs, osteoblasts, and Th17 cells. CONCLUSION Selectively blocking IL-20 inhibited inflammation and bone loss in rats with CIA. Treatment with 7E combined with etanercept protected rats from CIA better than treatment with etanercept alone. Our findings provide evidence that IL-20 is a novel target and that 7E may be a potential therapeutic agent for RA.
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He Y, Xu H, Liang L, Zhan Z, Yang X, Yu X, Ye Y, Sun L. Antiinflammatory effect of Rho kinase blockade via inhibition of NF-kappaB activation in rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 58:3366-76. [PMID: 18975348 DOI: 10.1002/art.23986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing evidence that the RhoA signaling pathway may play a critical role in the inflammatory response. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of RhoA and its downstream effector Rho kinase (ROK) in synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS RhoA activity was assessed by pull-down assay. Fasudil and Y27632, both specific inhibitors of ROK, were used to examine the role of ROK in inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. Nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB was measured by confocal fluorescence microscopy, and DNA binding activity was assessed with a sensitive multiwell colorimetric assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect cytokine production. RESULTS Increased activation of RhoA was found in inflamed synovial membrane cells isolated from patients with RA and from rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Intraperitoneal administration of fasudil in rats with CIA significantly reduced synovial inflammation and ROK activity. In vitro, treatment with fasudil or Y27632 decreased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 by synovial membrane cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with active RA. Inhibition of ROK by specific inhibitors or ROK small interfering RNA suppressed lipopolysaccharide- or TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation, DNA binding activity, luciferase reporter gene expression, and IkappaBalpha degradation. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide new evidence that blockade of ROK inhibits activation of NF-kappaB and production of proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting a critical role of ROK in the synovial inflammation of RA. Specific inhibition of ROK may be a novel therapeutic approach in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya He
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wilson R, Belluoccio D, Little CB, Fosang AJ, Bateman JF. Proteomic characterization of mouse cartilage degradation in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:3120-31. [PMID: 18821673 DOI: 10.1002/art.23789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop proteomics to analyze mouse cartilage degradation and correlate transcriptional and translational responses to catabolic stimuli. METHODS Proteomic techniques were used to analyze catabolism in mouse femoral head cartilage. Using specific methods to prepare cartilage extracts and conditioned media for 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subsequent tandem mass spectrometry, we identified novel proteins and fragments released into the media of control, interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha)-treated, and all-trans-retinoic acid (RetA)-treated explants. Fluorescence 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis was used to quantify protein expression changes. We also measured changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) expression to distinguish transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of released proteins. RESULTS Differentially abundant proteins in the media of control and treated explants included fragments of thrombospondin 1 and connective tissue growth factor. IL-1alpha stimulated release of the cartilage degeneration marker matrix metalloproteinase 3, as well as proteins with uncharacterized roles in cartilage pathology, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. RetA stimulated release of the extracellular matrix proteins cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, link protein, and matrilin-3 into the media, which was accompanied by a dramatic reduction in the corresponding mRNA transcript levels. Gelsolin, which has been implicated in cytoskeletal reorganization in arthritis synovial fibroblasts but has not been previously associated with cartilage pathology, was regulated by IL-1alpha and RetA. CONCLUSION In this first analysis of mouse cartilage degradation and protein release using proteomics, we identified proteins and fragments, some of which represent novel candidate biomarkers for cartilage degradation. Applying these proteomic techniques to wild-type and genetically modified mouse cartilage will provide insights into the mechanisms of cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wilson
- University of Melbourne, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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